This map report is one of a series of geologic and hydrologic maps of States in the Basin and Range Province. These map reports contain information on ground-water hydrology, ground-water quality, surface distribution of selected rock types, data on tectonic conditions, areal geophysical data, Pleistocene lakes and marshes and natural resources. This information is the basis tor a summary report that characterizes the Basin and Range Province. The geologic and hydrologic characterization will be used to evaluate the Province for prospective regions for further study relative to isolation of high-level radioactive waste. (Bedinger, Sargent and Reed, 1984).
A high-resolution seismic-reflection survey was run on the Mississippi River using marine common-depth-point (CDP), digital, and multichannel techniques in an attempt to locate a possible fault that had been interpreted by others from magnetic and land seismic data to be in the vicinity of Lock and Dam No. 26. The geologic feature is commonly known in the literature as the Cap au Ores Fault or Cap au Ores Uplift. A second objective was to demonstrate that the marine seismic system could be used successfully for making relatively deep penetration seismic-reflection surveys on inland waterways with shallow water depths (less than 10 meters) and organic sediments on the waterway bottom.
The survey was made by agreement between the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE), St. Louis District, and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The USGS used a specially equipped, trailerable, 38-ft aluminum boat for the work. The quality of the survey records can be classified as from fair to good. Seismic-reflection events could be interpreted in the upper 200 ms of data. Five reflecting horizons with little slope were recorded between Mississippi River Miles 195 and 210 without any evidence of faulting of the magnitude (50 to 100 m) suggested by the Shannon and Wilson report (1980). Minor faulting and buried channeling could be interpreted.
This survey demonstrated the value and economy of obtaining deeper penetration seismic data on inland water using an offshore marine, CDP, digital, multichannel seismic-reflection system. On-going modifications in field procedure, equipment configuration, equipment, and data processing will further improve the results obtained with such equipment. Future marine-style surveys conducted with the newly available hydraulic waterguns (80-, 200-, and 400-in3) would probably produce data that are a significant improvement over data obtained with the 15-in3 pneumatic watergun and 40-in3 airgun used during the 1980 survey.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8481","usgsCitation":"Tirey, G.B., Wise, R.A., and Winget, E.A., 1984, Common-depth-point seismic-reflection survey on the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Alton, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-81, Report: i, 19 p.; 2 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8481.","productDescription":"Report: i, 19 p.; 2 Plates","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":39303,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0081/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145043,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0081/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39301,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0081/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":39302,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0081/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":108420,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13570.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"13570"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Missouri","city":"Alton","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.28633117675781,\n 38.81938114846882\n ],\n [\n -90.08857727050781,\n 38.81938114846882\n ],\n [\n -90.08857727050781,\n 38.909735925720305\n ],\n [\n -90.28633117675781,\n 38.909735925720305\n ],\n [\n -90.28633117675781,\n 38.81938114846882\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae5fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tirey, G. B.","contributorId":95891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tirey","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wise, R. A.","contributorId":79124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wise","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winget, E. A.","contributorId":78748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winget","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":36522,"text":"fwsobs82_10_80 - 1984 - Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Paddlefish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:24:14.15771","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_80","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.80","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Paddlefish","docAbstract":"The original range of the paddlefish was the Mississippi River drainage and adjacent Gul f Coast dra i nage. It was once found in some of the Great Lakes (Carlson and Bonislawsky 1981). The paddlefish is generally an inhabitant of large rivers, but it occurs in reservoirs and natural lakes connected to large rivers. Much of the original range has been reduced due to habitat alterations: (1) destruction of spawning areas; (2) blockage of movements by dams; (3) channelization and elimination of backwater areas; (4) dewatering of streams; and (5) pollution (Carlson and Bonislawsky 1981). Several States officially consider the paddlefish as rare or endangered (Miller 1972). An indexed bibliography of all known paddlefish work was prepared by Graham and Bonislawsky (1978) and recently updated to include more than 480 citations (Graham and Bonislawsky, in press).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Hubert, W.A., Anderson, S.H., Southall, P.D., and Crance, J.H., 1984, Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Paddlefish: FWS/OBS 82/10.80, vi, 32 p.","productDescription":"vi, 32 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":167269,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649e5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hubert, Wayne A.","contributorId":9325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubert","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Stanley H.","contributorId":68361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Southall, Peter D.","contributorId":39844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Southall","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crance, Johnie H.","contributorId":9326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crance","given":"Johnie","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":36585,"text":"fwsobs82_10_65 - 1984 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Pronghorn","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:18:27.048252","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_65","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.65","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Pronghorn","docAbstract":"This is one of a series of publications that provide information on the habitat\r\nrequirements of selected fish and wildlife species. Literature describing the\r\nrelationship between habitat variables related to life requisites and habitat\r\nsuitability for the pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) are synthesized. These\r\ndata are subsequently used to develop Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) models.\r\nThe HSI models are designed to provide information that can be used in impact\r\nassessment and habitat management.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Allen, A.W., Cook, J.G., and Armbruster, M.J., 1984, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Pronghorn: FWS/OBS 82/10.65, viii, 22 p.","productDescription":"viii, 22 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":164795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db64979f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Arthur W.","contributorId":40648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, John G.","contributorId":12903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Armbruster, Michael J.","contributorId":16884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbruster","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":53505,"text":"fwsobs82_10_78 - 1984 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Great egret","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:14:58.6955","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_78","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.78","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Great egret","docAbstract":"The great egret, also called common egret or American egret, is a large white heron tn the order Ciconiiformes, family Ardeidae. Great egrets stand 94.0-104.1 cm (37-41 inches) tall and have a wing spread to 139.7 cm (55 inches) (Terres 1980). The species is associated with streams, ponds, lakes, mud flats, swamps, ahd freshwater and salt marshes. The birds feed in shallow water on fishes, amphibians, reptiles, crustaceans and insects (Terres 1980).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Chapman, B.R., and Howard, R.J., 1984, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Great egret: FWS/OBS 82/10.78, vi, 23 p.","productDescription":"vi, 23 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649852","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, Brian R.","contributorId":19430,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chapman","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":247718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howard, Rebecca J. 0000-0001-7264-4364 howardr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-4364","contributorId":2429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Rebecca","email":"howardr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":247717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":65432,"text":"i1591 - 1984 - Controlled photomosaic of part of the Valles Marineris region of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:14","indexId":"i1591","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1591","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Controlled photomosaic of part of the Valles Marineris region of Mars","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i1591","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Controlled photomosaic of part of the Valles Marineris region of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1591, 1 remote-sensing image ;61 x 60 cm., on sheet 94 x 66 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i1591.","productDescription":"1 remote-sensing image ;61 x 60 cm., on sheet 94 x 66 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":251315,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1591/report.pdf","size":"25","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251316,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1591/plate-1.pdf","size":"12646","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251317,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1591/plate-2.pdf","size":"2733","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":252212,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1591/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"500000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688d41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":533819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":43305,"text":"ofr8447 - 1984 - Land use and land cover and associated maps for McDermitt, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:10","indexId":"ofr8447","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-47","title":"Land use and land cover and associated maps for McDermitt, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr8447","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Land use and land cover and associated maps for McDermitt, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-47, maps :photocopy ;45 x 68 cm., on sheets 77 x 107 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8447.","productDescription":"maps :photocopy ;45 x 68 cm., on sheets 77 x 107 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161709,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0de6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":43304,"text":"ofr84183 - 1984 - Land use and land cover and associated maps for McClusky, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:10","indexId":"ofr84183","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-183","title":"Land use and land cover and associated maps for McClusky, North Dakota","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr84183","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Land use and land cover and associated maps for McClusky, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-183, 4 sheets :photocopy ;45 x 67 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84183.","productDescription":"4 sheets :photocopy ;45 x 67 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161708,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0dc8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":42842,"text":"ofr84494 - 1984 - Preliminary geologic map of Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada, with geologic sections","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:06","indexId":"ofr84494","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-494","title":"Preliminary geologic map of Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada, with geologic sections","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr84494","usgsCitation":"Scott, R.B., and Bonk, J., 1984, Preliminary geologic map of Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada, with geologic sections: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-494, 1 map and 2 data sheets :photocopy ;123 x 92 cm., on sheets 145 x 102 and smaller, folded in envelope 30 x 23 cm. +1 pamphlet (9 p. : ill. : 28 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84494.","productDescription":"1 map and 2 data sheets :photocopy ;123 x 92 cm., on sheets 145 x 102 and smaller, folded in envelope 30 x 23 cm. +1 pamphlet (9 p. : ill. : 28 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":136640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0494/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":80667,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0494/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":80668,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0494/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":80669,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0494/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":80670,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0494/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bedc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, Robert B. rbscott@usgs.gov","contributorId":766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Robert","email":"rbscott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":227235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bonk, Jerry","contributorId":46495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonk","given":"Jerry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":227236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27287,"text":"wri844327 - 1984 - Evaluation of the ground-water resources of parts of Lancaster and Berks Counties, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-05T10:30:37","indexId":"wri844327","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4327","title":"Evaluation of the ground-water resources of parts of Lancaster and Berks Counties, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Secondary openings in bedrock are the avenues for virtually all ground-water flow in a 626-sqare-mile area in Lancaster and Berks Counties, Pennsylvania. The number, size, and interconnection of secondary openings are functions of lithology, depth, and topography. Ground water actively circulates to depths of 150 to 300 feet below land surface. Total average annual ground-water recharge for the area is 388 million gallons per day, most of which discharges to streams from local, unconfined flow systems. \r\n\r\n A digital ground-water flow model was developed to simulate unconfined flow under several different recharge and withdrawal scenarios. On the basis of lithologic and hydrologic differences, the modeled area was sub-divided into 22 hydrogeologic units. A finite-difference grid with rectangular blocks, each 2,015 by 2,332 feet, was used. The model was calibrated under steady-state and transient conditions. The steady-state calibration was used to determine hydraulic conductivities and stream leakage coefficients and the transient calibration was used to determine specific yields. \r\n\r\n The 22 hydrogeologic units fall into four general lithologies: Carbonate rocks, metamorphic rocks, Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, and Triassic sedimentary rocks. Average hydraulic conductivity ranges from about 8.8 feet per day in carbonate units to about .5 feet per day in metamorphic units. The Stonehenge Formation (limestone) has the greatest average hydraulic conductivity--85.2 feet per day in carbonate units to about 0.11 feet per day in the greatest gaining-strem leakage coefficient--16.81 feet per day. Specific yield ranges from 0.06 to 0.09 in carbonate units, and is 0.02 to 0.015, and 0.012 in metamorphic, Paleozoic sedimentary, and Triassic sedimentary units, respectively. \r\n\r\n Transient simulations were made to determine the effects of four different combinations of natural and artificial stresses. Natural aquifer conditions (no ground-water withdrawals) and actual aquifer conditions (current ground-water withdrawals) were simulated for two years under normal seasonal and hypothetical drought (60-percent reduction in winter-spring recharge) conditions. \r\n\r\n In October, 6 months after the hypothetical drought, simulated declines in water-table altitude due to the drought occurred everywhere and ranged from a median of 3.6 feet in carbonate units to 8.7 feet in carbonate units. Simulated base flows for five major streams were reduced by 33 to 51 percent during the hypothetical drought. \r\n\r\n Also in October, maximum simulated declines in water-table altitude due to ground-water withdrawls ranged from 33 feet in carbonate units to 79 feet in Triassic sedimentary units. Simulated base flows for five major streams were reduced by the amount of ground water withdrawn. \r\n\r\n Finally, again in October, maximum simulated declines in water-table altitude due to the combination of hypothetical drought and ground-water withdrawls ranged from 38 feet in carbonate units to 109 feet in Triassic sedimentary units. Due to aquifer dewatering, simulated declines were as much as 24 feet greater than the sum of the separate simulated declines that were caused by hypothetical drought and ground-water withdrawals. Some of the greatest simulated declines were in well fields, operated by three municipalities that experienced water-supply problems during the 1980-81 drought.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844327","usgsCitation":"Gerhart, J.M., and Lazorchick, G., 1984, Evaluation of the ground-water resources of parts of Lancaster and Berks Counties, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4327, vii, 136 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844327.","productDescription":"vii, 136 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":56170,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56169,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56165,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56166,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56167,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124691,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56168,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611ae6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerhart, J. M.","contributorId":12855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerhart","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lazorchick, G.J.","contributorId":100391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lazorchick","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":62717,"text":"gq1583 - 1984 - Geologic map of the Oak Spring quadrangle, McKinley County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:43","indexId":"gq1583","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":316,"text":"Geologic Quadrangle","code":"GQ","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1583","title":"Geologic map of the Oak Spring quadrangle, McKinley County, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/gq1583","usgsCitation":"Kirk, A.R., and Zech, R.S., 1984, Geologic map of the Oak Spring quadrangle, McKinley County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle 1583, 1 map :col. ;58 x 48 cm., on sheet 84 x 101 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/gq1583.","productDescription":"1 map :col. ;58 x 48 cm., on sheet 84 x 101 cm., folded in envelope 31 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":102662,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_1112.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"1112"},{"id":248873,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/1583/report.pdf","size":"68","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":254349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/1583/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.5,35.6175 ], [ -108.5,35.75 ], [ -108.36749999999999,35.75 ], [ -108.36749999999999,35.6175 ], [ -108.5,35.6175 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db69611e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirk, A. R.","contributorId":34911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":267773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zech, R. 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By applying the model with a number of assumed storage capacities, the long-term water supply potential of a stream below a reservoir can be evaluated. Previous methods for determining available water supply from streamflow records using a reservoir storage analysis have met with limited success in semiarid regions. The shortcomings are due to the failure of the methods to account for zero-flow periods and the high day-to-day variability of discharge of many streams. The reservoir storage model presented in this report is designed to account for these streamflow characteristics. Reservoir inflow, outflow, and evaporation are modeled as varying daily, and values of storage probability are adjusted for zero-flow periods. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834078","usgsCitation":"Glover, K.C., 1984, Storage analyses for ephemeral streams in semiarid regions: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4078, v, 55 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834078.","productDescription":"v, 55 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158905,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4078/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56205,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4078/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b42fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glover, K. C.","contributorId":14828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glover","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":8596,"text":"ofr84796 - 1984 - Analytical results and sample-locality map for stream-sediment samples from streams draining the Attean Quartz Monzonite and vicinity, Somerset and Franklin Counties, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:09","indexId":"ofr84796","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-796","title":"Analytical results and sample-locality map for stream-sediment samples from streams draining the Attean Quartz Monzonite and vicinity, Somerset and Franklin Counties, Maine","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84796","usgsCitation":"Domenico, J.A., and Nowlan, G., 1984, Analytical results and sample-locality map for stream-sediment samples from streams draining the Attean Quartz Monzonite and vicinity, Somerset and Franklin Counties, Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-796, 28 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84796.","productDescription":"28 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0796/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36188,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0796/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36189,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0796/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67cc4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Domenico, J. A.","contributorId":12028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domenico","given":"J.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nowlan, G.A.","contributorId":99131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowlan","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":62842,"text":"gq1576 - 1984 - Geologic map of the Mammoth quadrangle, Kanawha and Clay Counties, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:41","indexId":"gq1576","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":316,"text":"Geologic Quadrangle","code":"GQ","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1576","title":"Geologic map of the Mammoth quadrangle, Kanawha and Clay Counties, West Virginia","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/gq1576","usgsCitation":"Henry, T.W., 1984, Geologic map of the Mammoth quadrangle, Kanawha and Clay Counties, West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle 1576, 1 map :col. ;58 x 45 cm., on sheet 87 x 92 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/gq1576.","productDescription":"1 map :col. ;58 x 45 cm., on sheet 87 x 92 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":101963,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_303.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"303"},{"id":248990,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/1576/report.pdf","size":"69","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":251663,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/1576/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.36749999999999,38.25 ], [ -81.36749999999999,38.3675 ], [ -81.25,38.3675 ], [ -81.25,38.25 ], [ -81.36749999999999,38.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696ccd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henry, Thomas W.","contributorId":54196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":267945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":19315,"text":"ofr84385 - 1984 - Luminescence properties and chemical composition of crude oils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:38","indexId":"ofr84385","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-385","title":"Luminescence properties and chemical composition of crude oils","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84385","usgsCitation":"Henry, M.E., and Donovan, T., 1984, Luminescence properties and chemical composition of crude oils: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-385, iii, 38 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84385.","productDescription":"iii, 38 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0385/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48786,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0385/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6489fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henry, M. E.","contributorId":103734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donovan, T.J.","contributorId":43762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donovan","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":6953,"text":"ofr84939 - 1984 - Proceedings of Workshop XIX; Active tectonic and magmatic processes beneath Long Valley Caldera, eastern California; Volumes I and II","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:46","indexId":"ofr84939","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-939","title":"Proceedings of Workshop XIX; Active tectonic and magmatic processes beneath Long Valley Caldera, eastern California; Volumes I and II","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84939","usgsCitation":"Hill, D., Bailey, R., and Ryall, A., 1984, Proceedings of Workshop XIX; Active tectonic and magmatic processes beneath Long Valley Caldera, eastern California; Volumes I and II: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-939, 2 v. 952 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84939.","productDescription":"2 v. 952 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139497,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0939/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34229,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0939/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db660792","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, D.P.","contributorId":27432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":153660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, R. A.","contributorId":87531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"R. 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From the earliest observations in 1857 to the present many individuals and several different organizations have been involved in data collection at Nisqually Glacier. In order to preserve the long-term data, it was assembled and reduced to a standard format for this report. A comprehensive bibliography of scientific publications relating to the glacier is included. Between 1857 and 1979, Nisqually Glacier receded a total of 1,945 meters and advanced a total of 294 meters. Advances occurred from 1963-68 and from 1974-79. Ice-surface altitude changes of as much as 25 meters occurred between 1944 and 1955.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr83541","usgsCitation":"Heliker, C., Johnson, A.H., and Hodge, S.M., 1984, The Nisqually Glacier, Mount Rainier, Washington, 1857-1979: A summary of the long-term observations and a comprehensive bibliography: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-541, Report: iii, 23 p.; 4 Plates: 31.11 × 37.43 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr83541.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 23 p.; 4 Plates: 31.11 × 37.43 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":48760,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0541/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":48759,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0541/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":48758,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0541/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":48757,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0541/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":48761,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0541/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":151756,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0541/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":409025,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_14095.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount Rainier, Nisqually Glacier","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.771,\n 46.825\n ],\n [\n -121.771,\n 46.781\n ],\n [\n -121.717,\n 46.781\n ],\n [\n -121.717,\n 46.825\n ],\n [\n -121.771,\n 46.825\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67af71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heliker, C. C.","contributorId":70753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heliker","given":"C. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Aaron H.","contributorId":46971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":180632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hodge, S. M.","contributorId":94665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodge","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}