{"pageNumber":"51","pageRowStart":"1250","pageSize":"25","recordCount":1873,"records":[{"id":45135,"text":"pp1628 - 2000 - Regional ground-water evapotranspiration and ground-water budgets, Great Basin, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-11T21:21:03.003777","indexId":"pp1628","displayToPublicDate":"2001-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1628","title":"Regional ground-water evapotranspiration and ground-water budgets, Great Basin, Nevada","docAbstract":"PART A: Ground-water evapotranspiration data from five sites in Nevada and seven sites in Owens Valley, California, were used to develop equations for estimating ground-water evapotranspiration as a function of phreatophyte plant cover or as a function of the depth to ground water. Equations are given for estimating mean daily seasonal and annual ground-water evapotranspiration. The equations that estimate ground-water evapotranspiration as a function of plant cover can be used to estimate regional-scale ground-water evapotranspiration using vegetation indices derived from satellite data for areas where the depth to ground water is poorly known. Equations that estimate ground-water evapotranspiration as a function of the depth to ground water can be used where the depth to ground water is known, but for which information on plant cover is lacking. \r\n\r\nPART B: Previous ground-water studies estimated groundwater evapotranspiration by phreatophytes and bare soil in Nevada on the basis of results of field studies published in 1912 and 1932. More recent studies of evapotranspiration by rangeland phreatophytes, using micrometeorological methods as discussed in Chapter A of this report, provide new data on which to base estimates of ground-water evapotranspiration. An approach correlating ground-water evapotranspiration with plant cover is used in conjunction with a modified soil-adjusted vegetation index derived from Landsat data to develop a method for estimating the magnitude and distribution of ground-water evapotranspiration at a regional scale. Large areas of phreatophytes near Duckwater and Lockes in Railroad Valley are believed to subsist on ground water discharged from nearby regional springs. Ground-water evapotranspiration by the Duckwater phreatophytes of about 11,500 acre-feet estimated by the method described in this report compares well with measured discharge of about 13,500 acre-feet from the springs near Duckwater. Measured discharge from springs near Lockes was about 2,400 acre-feet; estimated ground-water evapotranspiration using the proposed method was about 2,450 acre-feet. \r\n\r\nPART C:  Previous estimates of ground-water budgets in Nevada were based on methods and data that now are more than 60 years old. Newer methods, data, and technologies were used in the present study to estimate ground-water recharge from precipitation and ground-water discharge by evapotranspiration by phreatophytes for 16 contiguous valleys in eastern Nevada. Annual ground-water recharge to these valleys was estimated to be about 855,000 acre-feet and annual ground-water evapotranspiration was estimated to be about 790,000 acrefeet; both are a little more than two times greater than previous estimates. The imbalance of recharge over evapotranspiration represents recharge that either (1) leaves the area as interbasin flow or (2) is derived from precipitation that falls on terrain within the topographic boundary of the study area but contributes to discharge from hydrologic systems that lie outside these topographic limits. \r\n\r\nA vegetation index derived from Landsat-satellite data was used to estimate phreatophyte plant cover on the floors of the 16 valleys. The estimated phreatophyte plant cover then was used to estimate annual ground-water evapotranspiration. Detailed estimates of summer, winter, and annual ground-water evapotranspiration for areas with different ranges of phreatophyte plant cover were prepared for each valley. The estimated ground-water discharge from 15 valleys, combined with independent estimates of interbasin ground-water flow into or from a valley, were used to calculate the percentage of recharge derived from precipitation within the topographic boundary of each valley. These percentages then were used to estimate ground-water recharge from precipitation within each valley. \r\n\r\nGround-water budgets for all 16 valleys were based on the estimated recharge from precipitation and estimated evapotranspiration. Any imba","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1628","usgsCitation":"Nichols, W., 2000, Regional ground-water evapotranspiration and ground-water budgets, Great Basin, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1628, Report: 101 p.; 4 Plates: 30.00 × 60.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1628.","productDescription":"Report: 101 p.; 4 Plates: 30.00 × 60.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403440,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34830.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":336793,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1628/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":120215,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1628/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":82270,"rank":302,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1628/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247729,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1628/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247727,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1628/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247728,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1628/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.567,\n              38\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.204,\n              38\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.204,\n              41.133\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.567,\n              41.133\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.567,\n              38\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4792e4b07f02db48bd33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, William D.","contributorId":98296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"William D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":231170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5510,"text":"fs10800 - 2000 - National land cover dataset","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":5509,"text":"fs13699 - 1999 - National land cover dataset","indexId":"fs13699","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"National land cover dataset"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":5510,"text":"fs10800 - 2000 - National land cover dataset","indexId":"fs10800","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"National land cover dataset"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-28T10:53:26.138336","indexId":"fs10800","displayToPublicDate":"2000-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"108-00","title":"National land cover dataset","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, has produced a land cover dataset for the conterminous United States on the basis of 1992 Landsat thematic mapper imagery and supplemental data. The National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) is a component of the USGS Land Cover Characterization Program. The seamless NLCD contains 21 categories of land cover information suitable for a variety of State and regional applications, including landscape analysis, land management, and modeling nutrient and pesticide runoff. The NLCD is distributed by State as 30-meter resolution raster images in an Albers Equal-Area map projection.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs10800","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2000, National land cover dataset (Supersedes FS-136-99): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 108-00, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs10800.","productDescription":"1 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":32081,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0108/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0108/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":108,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0108/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Supersedes FS-136-99","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db6983b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70125319,"text":"70125319 - 2000 - Evaluation of remote-sensing techniques to measure decadal-scale changes of Hofsjokull ice cap, Iceland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-30T10:16:37","indexId":"70125319","displayToPublicDate":"2000-09-16T10:25:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2328,"text":"Journal of Glaciology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of remote-sensing techniques to measure decadal-scale changes of Hofsjokull ice cap, Iceland","docAbstract":"Dynamic surficial changes and changes in the position of the firn line and the areal extent of Hofsjökull ice cap, Iceland, were studied through analysis of a time series (1973–98) of synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) and Landsat data. A digital elevation model of Hofsjökull, which was constructed using SAR interferometry, was used to plot the SAR backscatter coefficient (\u0001\u0001σ°) vs elevation and air temperature along transects across the ice cap. Seasonal and daily σ° patterns are caused by freezing or thawing of the ice-cap surface, and abrupt changes in σ° are noted when the air temperature ranges from ∼−5° to 0°C. Late-summer 1997 σ° (SAR) and reflectance (Landsat) boundaries agree and appear to be coincident with the firn line and a SAR σ° boundary that can be seen in the January 1998 SAR image. In January 1994 through 1998, the elevation of this σ° boundary on the ice capwas quite stable, ranging from 1000 to 1300 m, while the equilibrium-line altitude, as measured on the ground, varied considerably. Thus the equilibrium line may be obscured by firn from previous years. Techniques are established to measure long-term changes in the elevation of the firn line and changes in the position of the ice margin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3189/172756500781833061","usgsCitation":"Hall, D., Williams, R., Barton, J., Sigurdsson, O., Smith, L., and Garvin, J., 2000, Evaluation of remote-sensing techniques to measure decadal-scale changes of Hofsjokull ice cap, Iceland: Journal of Glaciology, v. 46, no. 154, p. 375-388, https://doi.org/10.3189/172756500781833061.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"388","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3189/172756500781833061","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":293913,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Iceland","otherGeospatial":"Hofsjokull ice cap","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -18.8487,64.8072 ], [ -18.8487,64.8262 ], [ -18.7847,64.8262 ], [ -18.7847,64.8072 ], [ -18.8487,64.8072 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"46","issue":"154","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-09-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54195130e4b091c7ffc8e67d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, D.K.","contributorId":84506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, R.S. Jr.","contributorId":46102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"R.S.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barton, J.S.","contributorId":54905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sigurdsson, O.","contributorId":30156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sigurdsson","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, L.C.","contributorId":88561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Garvin, J.B.","contributorId":37652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garvin","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70230881,"text":"70230881 - 2000 - Landsat 7 on-orbit geometric calibration and performance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-27T16:49:02.34423","indexId":"70230881","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-23T11:43:35","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Landsat 7 on-orbit geometric calibration and performance","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Landsat 7 Image Assessment System was developed to characterize and calibrate the radiometric and geometric performance of the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Pius (ETM+) instrument. Algorithms and software assess the geometric performance of the Landsat 7 spacecraft and ETM+ sensor system and perform geometric calibration by estimating sensor and spacecraft geometric parameters. Following the initial on-orbit calibration, performed during the Landsat 7 on- orbit initialization and verification period, all geometric performance goals were met. Geometric characterization and calibration activities will continue for the life of the Landsat 7 mission.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, Aerosense 2000 algorithms for multispectral, hyperspectral, and ultraspectral imagery VI","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Aerosense 2000, Algorithms for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery VI","conferenceDate":"Apr 24-28, 2000","conferenceLocation":"Orlando, FL","language":"English","publisher":"SPIE","doi":"10.1117/12.410335","usgsCitation":"Storey, J.C., and Choate, M., 2000, Landsat 7 on-orbit geometric calibration and performance, <i>in</i> Proceedings, Aerosense 2000 algorithms for multispectral, hyperspectral, and ultraspectral imagery VI, v. 4049, Orlando, FL, Apr 24-28, 2000, p. 143-154, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.410335.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"154","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399761,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4049","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storey, James C. 0000-0002-6664-7232 storey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6664-7232","contributorId":5333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storey","given":"James","email":"storey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Choate, Mike 0000-0002-8101-4994 choate@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-4994","contributorId":4618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choate","given":"Mike","email":"choate@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70230878,"text":"70230878 - 2000 - Landsat 5/Landsat 7 underfly cross-calibration experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-27T15:42:58.934036","indexId":"70230878","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-23T10:33:10","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Landsat 5/Landsat 7 underfly cross-calibration experiment","docAbstract":"<p><span>There was a one-time opportunity to obtain nearly coincident coverage from both Landsat 5 and Landsat 7 as Landsat 7 drifted to its final orbital position during the initialization and verification phase following launch. During the underfly period, Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data were collected using the U.S Landsat 7 ground station network and the solid-state recorder, while agreements were established with Space Imaging/EOSAT and various international ground stations to collect corresponding Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data. Approximately 750 coincident scenes were collected during the underfly from 1-3 June 1999. Underfly data are intended to play a major role in developing cross-calibrations to bridge the results derived from historical Landsat 5 TM data with research performed with current Landsat 7 ETM+ data. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the underfly experiment, and to provide some early comparative results between Landsat 5 and 7 data sets. Initial results indicate that products produced using TM and ETM+ data are very similar.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, Aerosense 2000 algorithms for multispectral, hyperspectral, and ultraspectral imagery VI","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Aerosense 2000, Algorithms for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery VI","conferenceDate":"Apr 24-28, 2000","conferenceLocation":"Orlando, FL","language":"English","publisher":"SPIE","doi":"10.1117/12.410337","usgsCitation":"Mah, G.R., Vogelmann, J., and Choate, M., 2000, Landsat 5/Landsat 7 underfly cross-calibration experiment, <i>in</i> Proceedings, Aerosense 2000 algorithms for multispectral, hyperspectral, and ultraspectral imagery VI, v. 4049, Orlando, FL, Apr 24-28, 2000, p. 167-174, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.410337.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"174","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399757,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4049","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mah, Grant R. 0000-0002-2584-3915 mah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2584-3915","contributorId":4087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mah","given":"Grant","email":"mah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vogelmann, James 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":192352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Choate, Mike 0000-0002-8101-4994 choate@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-4994","contributorId":4618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choate","given":"Mike","email":"choate@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70230872,"text":"70230872 - 2000 - Landsat 7 processing on the EROS Data Center's National Land Archive Processing System (NLAPS)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-27T15:39:17.312764","indexId":"70230872","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-23T09:18:02","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Landsat 7 processing on the EROS Data Center's National Land Archive Processing System (NLAPS)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Staff at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) EROS Data Center (EDC) process Landsat 7 data for customer distribution on two distinct systems. The Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) processing is done on the Level -1 Product Generation System (LPGS), and the USGS processing is completed on the National Land Archive Processing System (NLAPS). The NLAPS is capable of processing data from Landsat 1-5 and 7 and SPOT 1-3. The data can be processed with correction levels ranging from Level-0 raw data to terrain-corrected precision products in a variety of output formats. The NLAPS processing system requires that different ordering procedures be used for standard recipe versus special order processing, and it makes available many processing and framing options. The NLAPS draws on a ground control point library whose sources range from paper maps to textual descriptions and registered source imagery, such as digital orthophoto quadrangles. The accuracy of the final products will vary depending on the level of correction applied and the source of the ground control points used for the precision corrections. An accuracy assessment of the LPGS systematic product versus the NLAPS systematic product demonstrates that both systems provide the same geometric and radiometric accuracy in systematically corrected products.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, Aerosense 2000 algorithms for multispectral, hyperspectral, and ultraspectral imagery VI","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Aerosense 2000, Algorithms for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery VI","conferenceDate":"Apr 24-28, 2000","conferenceLocation":"Orlando, FL","language":"English","publisher":"SPIE","doi":"10.1117/12.410355","usgsCitation":"Jones, B., and Dix, L., 2000, Landsat 7 processing on the EROS Data Center's National Land Archive Processing System (NLAPS), <i>in</i> Proceedings, Aerosense 2000 algorithms for multispectral, hyperspectral, and ultraspectral imagery VI, v. 4049, Orlando, FL, Apr 24-28, 2000, p. 319-327, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.410355.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"319","endPage":"327","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4049","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Brenda 0000-0003-4941-5349 bkjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-5349","contributorId":2994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Brenda","email":"bkjones@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dix, LeAnn","contributorId":290676,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dix","given":"LeAnn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":841529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":6595,"text":"fs08300 - 2000 - Earth Explorer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-26T10:10:36","indexId":"fs08300","displayToPublicDate":"2000-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"083-00","title":"Earth Explorer","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Earth Explorer Web site provides access to millions of land-related products, including the following: Satellite images from Landsat, advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR), and Corona data sets. Aerial photographs from the National Aerial Photography Program, NASA, and USGS data sets.&nbsp; Digital cartographic data from digital elevation models, digital line graphs, digital raster graphics, and digital orthophoto quadrangles. USGS paper maps Digital, film, and paper products are available, and many products can be previewed before ordering.</p>","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs08300","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2000, Earth Explorer: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 083-00, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs08300.","productDescription":"1 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":34052,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0083/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":892,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0083/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":139999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2000/0083/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62c1e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70261391,"text":"70261391 - 2000 - Implementation strategy for production of National Land-Cover Data (NLCD) from the Landsat 7 Thematic Mapper satellite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-06T16:35:50.952777","indexId":"70261391","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-13T10:30:49","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":91,"text":"Technical Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"EPA/600/R-00/051","title":"Implementation strategy for production of National Land-Cover Data (NLCD) from the Landsat 7 Thematic Mapper satellite","docAbstract":"<p><span>As environmental programs within and outside the federal government continue to move away from point-based studies to larger and larger spatial (not cartographic) scale, the need for land-cover and other geographic data have become ineluctable. The national land-cover mapping project of MRLC marks the first consistently classified conterminous land-cover data set, effectively replacing USGS' Land Use Data Analysis (LUDA) system derived from high altitidue aerial photography acquired in the early 1970's. Because of the continually changing nature of the earth's surface due to anthropogenic activities and other factors, a single point-in-time land-cover product is insufficient for many applications. Production of a second point-in-time land-cover product is proposed as a database. That proposed database design includes: (1) second, independently classified land-cover data set derived from Landsat 7 Thematic Mapper data; (2) the land-cover product being produced under the current effort, (3) selected spectral-based change estimates (e.g., temporal NDVI), (4) thirty-meter DEMS; and (5) selected landscape metrics. Development of the database for the conterminous United States will start after evaluation of the prototype.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development","usgsCitation":"Vogelmann, J., and Wickham, J.D., 2000, Implementation strategy for production of National Land-Cover Data (NLCD) from the Landsat 7 Thematic Mapper satellite: Technical Report EPA/600/R-00/051, iv, 29 p.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":464888,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":464887,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ntrl.ntis.gov/NTRL/dashboard/searchResults/titleDetail/PB2001101756.xhtml","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogelmann, James 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":192352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":920469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wickham, James D.","contributorId":72278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wickham","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":920470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70159365,"text":"70159365 - 2000 - Use of Argon, Corona, and Landsat imagery to assess 30 years of land resource changes in west-central Senegal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-23T09:02:39","indexId":"70159365","displayToPublicDate":"2000-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of Argon, Corona, and Landsat imagery to assess 30 years of land resource changes in west-central Senegal","docAbstract":"<p>Over the past 35 years, an agricultural area of west-central Senegal has experienced rapid population growth, fast expansion of agricultural lands, a decline in rainfall, and degradation of vegetative and soil resources. Although such changes have not escaped the attention of Senegal's people, its government, and the scientific community the ability to monitor and quantify land resource trends of recent decades has been difficult. Recently available high-resolution satellite photographs from the American Argon and Corona Programs provide coverage of Senegal back to 1963. The photographs make it possible to study and map land resources at the beginning of the Space Age. In this study, we characterize the changes that have occurred in the region from the early 1960s to the mid-1 990s. Early Argon and Corona photographs are used to reconstruct the historical land use and land cover; comparisons are made with assessments from recent Landsat images. Field studies and aerial surveys provide additional insight. The forces of change, driven primarily by population growth and unsustainable agricultural practices, are examined</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Tappan, G.G., Hadj, A., Wood, E.C., and Lietzow, R.W., 2000, Use of Argon, Corona, and Landsat imagery to assess 30 years of land resource changes in west-central Senegal: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 66, no. 6, p. 727-735.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"727","endPage":"735","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310578,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":310577,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.asprs.org/Photogrammetric-Engineering-and-Remote-Sensing/PE-RS-Archive-Search-2009-and-earlier.html"}],"volume":"66","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a38e4b00162522207f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tappan, G. Gray 0000-0002-2240-6963 tappan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2240-6963","contributorId":3624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappan","given":"G.","email":"tappan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Gray","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hadj, Amadou","contributorId":149386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hadj","given":"Amadou","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Eric C. woodec@usgs.gov","contributorId":3164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Eric","email":"woodec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lietzow, Ronald W. lietzow@usgs.gov","contributorId":4194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lietzow","given":"Ronald","email":"lietzow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":578239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70155993,"text":"70155993 - 2000 - Landsat-7 reveals more than just surface features in remote areas of the globe","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-27T13:42:25.392951","indexId":"70155993","displayToPublicDate":"2000-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landsat-7 reveals more than just surface features in remote areas of the globe","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/1520-0477(2000)081<1047:CAA>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"DeFelice, T.P., Meyer, D.J., Xian, G., Christopherson, J., and Cahalan, R., 2000, Landsat-7 reveals more than just surface features in remote areas of the globe: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 81, no. 5, p. 1047-1049, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(2000)081<1047:CAA>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1047","endPage":"1049","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479137,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(2000)081<1047:caa>2.3.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306515,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c9cb35e4b08400b1fdb717","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeFelice, Thomas P.","contributorId":103831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeFelice","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, D. J.","contributorId":46721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xian, G. 0000-0001-5674-2204","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-2204","contributorId":65656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xian","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Christopherson, J. 0000-0002-2472-0059","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2472-0059","contributorId":40802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christopherson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cahalan, R.","contributorId":146372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cahalan","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70201862,"text":"70201862 - 2000 - The land cover trends project: A strategy for monitoring land cover change at a national scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-01T09:45:14","indexId":"70201862","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-31T12:39:40","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The land cover trends project: A strategy for monitoring land cover change at a national scale","docAbstract":"<p><span>Policy-makers and scientists often require comprehensive data on the types and rates of land use and land cover change at a variety of scales. However, there is generally a lack of local, regional, and national land use and land cover data of sufficient reliability and temporal and geographic detail for providing accurate estimates of landscape change. The U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center and the Landscape Ecology Branch of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency are collaborating on a four-year research project to document the types, distributions, rates, drivers, and consequences of land cover change for the conterminous United States over the past 30 years. The project is using an ecoregion framework as a geographic stratifier. Both regional and national characteristics of change are determined by sampling land cover change for each of 84 ecoregions using five selected epochs of data from the nearly 30-year record of Landsat 1-7 data. Three types of land cover variables are being mapped or derived: (1) general land cover type; (2) landscape biophysical properties; and (3) landscape pattern. Assessments of the drivers and consequences of change within each ecoregion are then prepared. A pilot phase focusing on the analysis of five selected ecoregions is well underway and will be completed by the end of 2000. Methodologies established during the pilot phase will then be applied to the remaining ecoregions.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"EEE 2000 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Taking the Pulse of the Planet: The Role of Remote Sensing in Managing the Environment. Proceedings ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Taking the pulse of the planet—The role of remote sensing in managing the environment, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","conferenceDate":"July 24-28, 2000","conferenceLocation":"Honolulu, HI","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","publisherLocation":"Piscataway, N.J.","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS.2000.858245","usgsCitation":"Sohl, T.L., Loveland, T., Sayler, K., Gallant, A.L., Auch, R.F., and Napton, D.E., 2000, The land cover trends project: A strategy for monitoring land cover change at a national scale, <i>in</i> EEE 2000 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Taking the Pulse of the Planet: The Role of Remote Sensing in Managing the Environment. Proceedings , Honolulu, HI, July 24-28, 2000, p. 2002-2004, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2000.858245.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"2002","endPage":"2004","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360870,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stein, T.I.","contributorId":212091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stein","given":"T.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":755555,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231 sohl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","email":"sohl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sayler, Kristi L. 0000-0003-2514-242X sayler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2514-242X","contributorId":2988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sayler","given":"Kristi","email":"sayler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gallant, Alisa L. 0000-0002-3029-6637 gallant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-6637","contributorId":2940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallant","given":"Alisa","email":"gallant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Auch, Roger F. 0000-0002-5382-5044 auch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5382-5044","contributorId":667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auch","given":"Roger","email":"auch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":755553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Napton, Darrell E.","contributorId":94541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Napton","given":"Darrell","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":755554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70006878,"text":"70006878 - 2000 - Use of multi-date Landsat TM imagery to map Eastern hemlock (<i>Tsuga canadensis</i>) decline due to hemlock woolly adelgid (<i>Adelges tsugae</i>) in Shenandoah National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-30T15:57:17","indexId":"70006878","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T15:53:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NE-267","title":"Use of multi-date Landsat TM imagery to map Eastern hemlock (<i>Tsuga canadensis</i>) decline due to hemlock woolly adelgid (<i>Adelges tsugae</i>) in Shenandoah National Park","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, Symposium on sustainable management of hemlock ecosystems in Eastern North America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","publisherLocation":"Durham, NH","usgsCitation":"Morton, D.D., Young, J.A., and Thomsen, N.M., 2000, Use of multi-date Landsat TM imagery to map Eastern hemlock (<i>Tsuga canadensis</i>) decline due to hemlock woolly adelgid (<i>Adelges tsugae</i>) in Shenandoah National Park: General Technical Report NE-267, 1 p.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"189","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287904,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/4750"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae789ce4b0abf75cf2da84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, David D.","contributorId":24692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, John A. 0000-0002-4500-3673 jyoung@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-3673","contributorId":3777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"John","email":"jyoung@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomsen, Nissa M.","contributorId":39299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomsen","given":"Nissa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70022659,"text":"70022659 - 2000 - Landscape correlates of breeding bird richness across the United States mid-Atlantic region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T12:36:57","indexId":"70022659","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Landscape correlates of breeding bird richness across the United States mid-Atlantic region","docAbstract":"Using a new set of landscape indicator data generated by the U.S.EPA, and a comprehensive breeding bird database from the National Breeding Bird Survey, we evaluated associations between breeding bird richness and landscape characteristics across the entire mid-Atlantic region of the United States. We evaluated how these relationships varied among different groupings (guilds) of birds based on functional, structural, and compositional aspects of individual species demographics. Forest edge was by far the most important landscape attribute affecting the richness of the lumped specialist and generalist guilds; specialist species richness was negatively associated with forest edge and generalist richness was positively associated with forest edge. Landscape variables (indicators) explained a greater proportion of specialist species richness than the generalist guild (46% and 31%, respectively). The lower value in generalists may reflect freer-scale distributions of open habitat that go undetected by the Landsat satellite, open habitats created by roads (the areas from which breeding bird data are obtained), and the lumping of a wide variety of species into the generalist category. A further breakdown of species into 16 guilds showed considerable variation in the response of breeding birds to landscape conditions; forest obligate species had the strongest association with landscape indicators measured in this study (55% of the total variation explained) and forest generalists and open ground nesters the lowest (17% of the total variation explained). The variable response of guild species richness to landscape pattern suggests that one must consider species' demographics when assessing the consequences of landscape change on breeding birds.Using a new set of landscape indicator data generated by the U.S. EPA, and a comprehensive breeding bird database from the National Breeding Bird Survey, we evaluated associations between breeding bird richness and landscape characteristics across the entire mid-Atlantic region of the United States. We evaluated how these relationships varied among different groupings (guilds) of birds based on functional, structural, and compositional aspects of individual species demographics. Forest edge was by far the most important landscape attribute affecting the richness of the lumped specialist and generalist guilds; specialist species richness was negatively associated with forest edge and generalist richness was positively associated with forest edge. Landscape variables (indicators) explained a greater proportion of specialist species richness than the generalist guild (46% and 31%, respectively). The lower value in generalists may reflect finer-scale distributions of open habitat that go undetected by the Landsat satellite, open habitats created by roads (the areas from which breeding bird data are obtained), and the lumping of a wide variety of species into the generalist category. A further breakdown of species into 16 guilds showed considerable variation in the response of breeding birds to landscape conditions; forest obligate species had the strongest association with landscape indicators measured in this study (55% of the total variation explained) and forest generalists and open ground nesters the lowest (17% of the total variation explained). The variable response of guild species richness to landscape pattern suggests that one must consider species' demographics when assessing the consequences of landscape change on breeding birds.","largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","conferenceTitle":"1st Symposium on the Mid-Atlantic Integrated Assessment Program (MAIA)","conferenceDate":"30 November 1998 through 2 December 1998","conferenceLocation":"Baltimore, MD, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht, Netherlands","doi":"10.1023/A:1006415029890","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Jones, K.B., Anne Neale, Maliha, N., Riitters, K.H., Wickham, J.D., O’Neill, R.V., and van Remortel, R.D., 2000, Landscape correlates of breeding bird richness across the United States mid-Atlantic region, <i>in</i> Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 63, no. 1, Baltimore, MD, USA, 30 November 1998 through 2 December 1998, p. 159-174, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006415029890.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"174","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"63","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a440ae4b0c8380cd667da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, K. Bruce","contributorId":66105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anne Neale","contributorId":206078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anne Neale","affiliations":[{"id":37230,"text":"EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":394407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maliha, Nash","contributorId":178110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maliha","given":"Nash","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Riitters, Kurt H. 0000-0003-3901-4453","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3901-4453","contributorId":139788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riitters","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":36400,"text":"US Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":394409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wickham, James D.","contributorId":72278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wickham","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":394408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Neill, Robert V.","contributorId":138509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Neill","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":37070,"text":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":394413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"van Remortel, Rick D.","contributorId":58911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Remortel","given":"Rick","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36579,"text":"Lockheed Martin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":394412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70022097,"text":"70022097 - 2000 - Scaling up from field to region for wind erosion prediction using a field-scale wind erosion model and GIS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:45","indexId":"70022097","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":682,"text":"Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scaling up from field to region for wind erosion prediction using a field-scale wind erosion model and GIS","docAbstract":"Factors that affect wind erosion such as surface vegetative and other cover, soil properties and surface roughness usually change spatially and temporally at the field-scale to produce important field-scale variations in wind erosion. Accurate estimation of wind erosion when scaling up from fields to regions, while maintaining meaningful field-scale process details, remains a challenge. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the feasibility of using a field-scale wind erosion model with a geographic information system (GIS) to scale up to regional levels and to quantify the differences in wind erosion estimates produced by different scales of soil mapping used as a data layer in the model. A GIS was used in combination with the revised wind erosion equation (RWEQ), a field-scale wind erosion model, to estimate wind erosion for two 50 km2 areas. Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite imagery from 1993 with 30 m resolution was used as a base map. The GIS database layers included land use, soils, and other features such as roads. The major land use was agricultural fields. Data on 1993 crop management for selected fields of each crop type were collected from local government agency offices and used to 'train' the computer to classify land areas by crop and type of irrigation (agroecosystem) using commercially available software. The land area of the agricultural land uses was overestimated by 6.5% in one region (Lubbock County, TX, USA) and underestimated by about 21% in an adjacent region (Terry County, TX, USA). The total estimated wind erosion potential for Terry County was about four times that estimated for adjacent Lubbock County. The difference in potential erosion among the counties was attributed to regional differences in surface soil texture. In a comparison of different soil map scales in Terry County, the generalised soil map had over 20% more of the land area and over 15% greater erosion potential in loamy sand soils than did the detailed soil map. As a result, the wind erosion potential determined using the generalised soil map Was about 26% greater than the erosion potential estimated by using the detailed soil map in Terry County. This study demonstrates the feasibility of scaling up from fields to regions to estimate wind erosion potential by coupling a field-scale wind erosion model with GIS and identifies possible sources of error with this approach.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0167-8809(00)00229-2","issn":"01678809","usgsCitation":"Zobeck, T., Parker, N., Haskell, S., and Guoding, K., 2000, Scaling up from field to region for wind erosion prediction using a field-scale wind erosion model and GIS: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, v. 82, no. 1-3, p. 247-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(00)00229-2.","startPage":"247","endPage":"259","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206764,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(00)00229-2"},{"id":230738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b871ce4b08c986b316305","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zobeck, T.M.","contributorId":69321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zobeck","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parker, N. C.","contributorId":101209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"N. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haskell, S.","contributorId":41984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haskell","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guoding, K.","contributorId":38315,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guoding","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":392350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":2001542,"text":"2001542 - 2000 - Combining landsat thematic mapper imagery with terrain variables to map eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) in Shenandoah National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:02","indexId":"2001542","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":37,"text":"Information and Technology Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"USGS/BRD/ITR-2000-0008","title":"Combining landsat thematic mapper imagery with terrain variables to map eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) in Shenandoah National Park","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"01-089/AE","usgsCitation":"Morton, D., Young, J., and Thomsen, N., 2000, Combining landsat thematic mapper imagery with terrain variables to map eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) in Shenandoah National Park: Information and Technology Report USGS/BRD/ITR-2000-0008, 25 p.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae6d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, D.D.","contributorId":18298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Young, J.A. 0000-0002-4500-3673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-3673","contributorId":37674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":325876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomsen, N.M.","contributorId":65956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomsen","given":"N.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70022416,"text":"70022416 - 2000 - New structural and stratigraphic insights for northwestern Pakistan from field and Landsat Thematic Mapper data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-22T16:04:47.535501","indexId":"70022416","displayToPublicDate":"2000-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New structural and stratigraphic insights for northwestern Pakistan from field and Landsat Thematic Mapper data","docAbstract":"The remote Waziristan region of northwestern Pakistan includes outcrops of the India-Asia suture zone. The excellent exposure of the Waziristan ophiolite and associated sedimentary lithosomes and their inaccessibility made the use of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data desirable in this study. Landsat TM data were used to create a spectral ratio image of bands 3/4, 5/4, and 7/5, displayed as red, green, and blue, respectively, and a principal component analysis image of bands 4, 5, and 7 (RGB). These images were interpreted in the context of available geologic maps, limited field work, and biostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic, and radiometric data. They were used to create a coherent geologic map of Waziristan and cross section of the area that document five tectonic units in the region and provide a new and more detailed tectonic history for the region. The lowest unit is comprised of Indian shelf sediments that were thrust under the Waziristan ophiolite. The ophiolite has been tectonically shuffled and consists of two separate tectonic units. The top thrust sheet is a nappe comprised of distal Triassic to Lower Cretaceous Neotethyan sediments that were underthrust during the Late Cretaceous by the ophiolite riding on Indian shelf strata. The uppermost unit contains unconformable Tertiary and younger strata. The thrust sheets show that the Waziristan ophiolite was obducted during Late Cretaceous time and imply that the Paleocene and Eocene deformation represents collision of India with the Kabul block and/or Asia.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(2000)112<364:NSASIF>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Robinson, J., Beck, R., Gnos, E., and Vincent, R., 2000, New structural and stratigraphic insights for northwestern Pakistan from field and Landsat Thematic Mapper data: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 112, no. 3, p. 364-374, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2000)112<364:NSASIF>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"364","endPage":"374","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230832,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Pakistan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              69.862060546875,\n              32.602361666817515\n            ],\n            [\n              70.90576171875,\n              32.602361666817515\n            ],\n            [\n              70.90576171875,\n              33.46810795527896\n            ],\n            [\n              69.862060546875,\n              33.46810795527896\n            ],\n            [\n              69.862060546875,\n              32.602361666817515\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"112","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6617e4b0c8380cd72d06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, J.","contributorId":73723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":393553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beck, R.","contributorId":21721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gnos, E.","contributorId":53555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gnos","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vincent, R.K.","contributorId":9766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vincent","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":393550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":44372,"text":"ofr96369 - 2000 - Land cover data for central Nebraska, 1993, classified from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper imagery, path 30, row 32 quadrilateral","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T14:16:59","indexId":"ofr96369","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-369","title":"Land cover data for central Nebraska, 1993, classified from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper imagery, path 30, row 32 quadrilateral","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr96369","isbn":"0607943998","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Zelt, R.B., 2000, Land cover data for central Nebraska, 1993, classified from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper imagery, path 30, row 32 quadrilateral: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-369, 1 computer optical disk ; 4 3/4 in.; CD contains both OFR 96-323 and OFR 96-369, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96369.","productDescription":"1 computer optical disk ; 4 3/4 in.; CD contains both OFR 96-323 and OFR 96-369","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":168754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277637,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0369/application.zip"}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103,40.5 ], [ -103,42.5 ], [ -96,42.5 ], [ -96,40.5 ], [ -103,40.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b31e4b07f02db6b41ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zelt, Ronald B. 0000-0001-9024-855X rbzelt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-855X","contributorId":300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelt","given":"Ronald","email":"rbzelt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":43253,"text":"ofr96323 - 2000 - Land cover data for central Nebraska, 1991, classified from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper imagery, Path 31, Row 31 quadrilateral","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-09-17T14:17:50","indexId":"ofr96323","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-323","title":"Land cover data for central Nebraska, 1991, classified from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper imagery, Path 31, Row 31 quadrilateral","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr96323","isbn":"0607943998","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Zelt, R.B., and Sharpe, J.B., 2000, Land cover data for central Nebraska, 1991, classified from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper imagery, Path 31, Row 31 quadrilateral: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-323, 1 computer optical disk ;4 3/4 in. CD contains both OFR 96-323 and OFR 96-369, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96323.","productDescription":"1 computer optical disk ;4 3/4 in. CD contains both OFR 96-323 and OFR 96-369","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":172924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":277638,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0323/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b31e4b07f02db6b41a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zelt, Ronald B. 0000-0001-9024-855X rbzelt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-855X","contributorId":300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelt","given":"Ronald","email":"rbzelt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":227938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sharpe, Jennifer B. 0000-0002-5192-7848 jbsharpe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-7848","contributorId":2825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharpe","given":"Jennifer","email":"jbsharpe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":227939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70021625,"text":"70021625 - 1999 - Multispectral multisensor image fusion using wavelet transforms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:40","indexId":"70021625","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Multispectral multisensor image fusion using wavelet transforms","docAbstract":"Fusion techniques can be applied to multispectral and higher spatial resolution panchromatic images to create a composite image that is easier to interpret than the individual images. Wavelet transform-based multisensor, multiresolution fusion (a type of band sharpening) was applied to Landsat thematic mapper (TM) multispectral and coregistered higher resolution SPOT panchromatic images. The objective was to obtain increased spatial resolution, false color composite products to support the interpretation of land cover types wherein the spectral characteristics of the imagery are preserved to provide the spectral clues needed for interpretation. Since the fusion process should not introduce artifacts, a shift invariant implementation of the discrete wavelet transform (SIDWT) was used. These results were compared with those using the shift variant, discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Overall, the process includes a hue, saturation, and value color space transform to minimize color changes, and a reported point-wise maximum selection rule to combine transform coefficients. The performance of fusion based on the SIDWT and DWT was evaluated with a simulated TM 30-m spatial resolution test image and a higher resolution reference. Simulated imagery was made by blurring higher resolution color-infrared photography with the TM sensors' point spread function. The SIDWT based technique produced imagery with fewer artifacts and lower error between fused images and the full resolution reference. Image examples with TM and SPOT 10-m panchromatic illustrate the reduction in artifacts due to the SIDWT based fusion.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1999 Visual Information Processing VIII","conferenceDate":"6 April 1999 through 6 April 1999","conferenceLocation":"Orlando, FL, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers","publisherLocation":"Bellingham, WA, United States","issn":"0277786X","usgsCitation":"Lemeshewsky, G.P., 1999, Multispectral multisensor image fusion using wavelet transforms, <i>in</i> Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, v. 3716, Orlando, FL, USA, 6 April 1999 through 6 April 1999, p. 214-222.","startPage":"214","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229512,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3716","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a60a5e4b0c8380cd715d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lemeshewsky, George P.","contributorId":27880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lemeshewsky","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":390522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70186963,"text":"70186963 - 1999 - Change analysis in the United Arab Emirates: An investigation of techniques","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-17T10:28:21","indexId":"70186963","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Change analysis in the United Arab Emirates: An investigation of techniques","docAbstract":"<p>Much of the landscape of the United Arab Emirates has been transformed over the past 15 years by massive afforestation, beautification, and agricultural programs. The \"greening\" of the United Arab Emirates has had environmental consequences, however, including degraded groundwater quality and possible damage to natural regional ecosystems. </p><p>Personnel from the Ground- Water Research project, a joint effort between the National Drilling Company of the Abu Dhabi Emirate and the U.S. Geological Survey, were interested in studying landscape change in the Abu Dhabi Emirate using Landsat thematic mapper (TM) data. The EROs Data Center in Sioux Falls, South Dakota was asked to investigate land-cover change techniques that (1) provided locational, quantitative, and qualitative information on landcover change within the Abu Dhabi Emirate; and (2) could be easily implemented by project personnel who were relatively inexperienced in remote sensing. A number of products were created with 1987 and 1996 Landsat TM data using change-detection techniques, including univariate image differencing, an \"enhanced\" image differencing, vegetation index differencing, post-classification differencing, and changevector analysis. </p><p>The different techniques provided products that varied in levels of adequacy according to the specific application and the ease of implementation and interpretation. Specific quantitative values of change were most accurately and easily provided by the enhanced image-differencing technique, while the change-vector analysis excelled at providing rich qualitative detail about the nature of a change.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Sohl, T.L., 1999, Change analysis in the United Arab Emirates: An investigation of techniques: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 65, no. 4, p. 475-484.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"475","endPage":"484","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339789,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f5d445e4b0f2e20545e437","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231 sohl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","email":"sohl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44666,"text":"fs18899 - 1999 - Analysis of land use change in urban environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-28T15:03:49","indexId":"fs18899","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"188-99","displayTitle":"Analyzing Land Use Change in Urban Environments","title":"Analysis of land use change in urban environments","docAbstract":"<p>Metropolitan areas in the United States are growing at unprecedented rates, creating extensive urban landscapes. Many of the farmlands, wetlands, forests, and deserts that formed the America of 1900 have been transformed during the past 100 years into human settlements. Almost everyone has seen these changes to their local environment but without a clear understanding of their impacts. It is not until we study these landscapes from a spatial perspective and the time scale of decades that we can begin to measure the changes that have occurred and predict the impact of changes to come.</p><p>The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Urban Dynamics Research (UDR) program studies the landscape transformations that result from the growth of metropolitan regions over time. Using sources such as historic maps, aerial photographs, and Landsat satellite data, USGS scientists first assemble retrospective urban land use databases that reflect several decades of change. These databases are then used to analyze the effects of urbanization on the landscape, and to model urban growth and land use change under alternative growth scenarios.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs18899","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, Analysis of land use change in urban environments: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 188-99, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs18899.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_188_99.jpg"},{"id":361998,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0188/fs188_99.pdf","text":"Report","size":"244 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 1999–0188"},{"id":361997,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0188/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"<p>Director, <a data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/eros\" href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/eros\">Earth Resources Observation and Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>47914 252nd Street<br>Sioux Falls, SD 57198</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Land Use Change</li><li>Mapping Land Use Change</li><li>Understanding Land Use Change</li><li>Land Use Change Modeling</li><li>Impacts of Land Use Change</li><li>Products</li><li>Study Sites</li><li>Collaboration</li><li>Information</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db68031d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":38255,"text":"pp1386I - 1998 - Glaciers of South America","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":38255,"text":"pp1386I - 1998 - Glaciers of South America","indexId":"pp1386I","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"chapter":"I","title":"Glaciers of South America"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","indexId":"pp1386","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70042384,"text":"pp1386 - 1988 - Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world","indexId":"pp1386","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-02T16:51:13.32693","indexId":"pp1386I","displayToPublicDate":"1999-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1386","chapter":"I","title":"Glaciers of South America","docAbstract":"<p>Landsat images, together with maps and aerial photographs, have been used to produce glacier inventories, define glacier locations, and study glacier dynamics in the countries of South America, along with the Andes Mountains. In Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Bolivia, the small glaciers have been undergoing extensive glacier recession since the late 1800's. Glacier-related hazards (outburst floods, mud flows, and debris avalanches) occur in Colombia, in Ecuador, and associated with the more extensive (2,600 km<sup>2</sup>) glaciers of Peru. The largest area of glacier ice is found in Argentina and Chile, including the northern Patagonian ice field (about 4,200 km<sup>2</sup>) and the southern Patagonian ice field (about 13,000 km<i>2</i>), the largest glacier in the Southern Hemisphere outside Antarctica.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Satellite image atlas of glaciers of the world (Professional Paper 1386)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1386I","usgsCitation":"Schubert, C., Hoyos-Patino, F., Jordan, E., Hastenrath, S., Morales Arnao, B., Lliboutry, L., and Corte, A., 1998, Glaciers of South America (Online Version 1.02): U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1386, 206 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1386I.","productDescription":"206 p.","startPage":"I1","endPage":"I206","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science 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,{"id":29961,"text":"wri974203 - 1998 - Combining satellite data with ancillary data to produce a refined land-use/land-cover map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-18T10:44:47","indexId":"wri974203","displayToPublicDate":"1999-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4203","title":"Combining satellite data with ancillary data to produce a refined land-use/land-cover map","docAbstract":"<p>As part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program in the Western Lake Michigan Drainages Study Unit, a current map of land use and land cover is needed to gain a better understanding of how land use and land cover may influence water quality. Satellite data from the Landsat Thematic Mapper provides a means to map and measure the type and amount of various land-cover types across the Study Unit and can be easily updated as changes occur in the landscape or in water quality. Translating these land cover categories to land use, however, requires the use of other thematic maps or ancillary data layers, such as wetland inventories, population data, or road networks. This report describes a process of (1) using satellite imagery to produce a land-cover map for the Fox/Wolf River basin, a portion of the Western Lake Michigan Drainages NAWQA Study Unit and (2) improving the satellite-derived land-cover map by using other thematic maps. The multiple data layers are processed in a geographic information system (GIS), and the combination provides more information than individual sources alone.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974203","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program Western Lake Michigan Drainages","usgsCitation":"Stewart, J.S., 1998, Combining satellite data with ancillary data to produce a refined land-use/land-cover map: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4203, Report: vi, 11 p.; 3 Plates: 32.40 x 21.65 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974203.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 11 p.; 3 Plates: 32.40 x 21.65 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science 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,{"id":64497,"text":"i2549 - 1998 - Geological map and Landsat image map of parts of Loralai, Sibi Quetta, and Khuzar divisions, Balochistan Province, west-central Pakistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:55","indexId":"i2549","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2549","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Geological map and Landsat image map of parts of Loralai, Sibi Quetta, and Khuzar divisions, Balochistan Province, west-central Pakistan","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i2549","isbn":"0607885440","usgsCitation":"Maldonado, F., Khan, S., Mengal, J., and Thomas, J., 1998, Geological map and Landsat image map of parts of Loralai, Sibi Quetta, and Khuzar divisions, Balochistan Province, west-central Pakistan: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2549, 2 maps :col. ;66 x 77 cm. or smaller., https://doi.org/10.3133/i2549.","productDescription":"2 maps :col. ;66 x 77 cm. or smaller.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":187037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":100778,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2549/plate-1.pdf","size":"19984","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":100779,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2549/plate-2.pdf","size":"16263","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 66.5,29.5 ], [ 66.5,31 ], [ 68.5,31 ], [ 68.5,29.5 ], [ 66.5,29.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db6874ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maldonado, Florian fmaldona@usgs.gov","contributorId":805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maldonado","given":"Florian","email":"fmaldona@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":271072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Khan, S.H.","contributorId":38622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Khan","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mengal, J.M.","contributorId":62654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mengal","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomas, J.C.","contributorId":95435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70207248,"text":"70207248 - 1998 - Resource management of forested wetlands: Hurricane impact and recovery mapped by combining Landsat TM and NOAA AVHRR data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-13T11:32:23","indexId":"70207248","displayToPublicDate":"1998-07-31T11:22:01","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resource management of forested wetlands: Hurricane impact and recovery mapped by combining Landsat TM and NOAA AVHRR data","docAbstract":"<p>A temporal suite of NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) images, transformed into a vegetation biomass indicator, was combined with a single-date classification of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) to map the association between forest type and hurricane effects. Hurricane effects to the forested wetland included an abrupt decrease and subsequent increase in biomass. The decrease was associated with hurricane impact and the increase with an abnormal bloom in vegetation in the impacted areas. Impact severity was estimated by differencing the biomass maps before and immediately (3 days) after the hurricane. Recovery magnitude was estimated by differencing the biomass maps from immediately (3 days) after and shortly (1.5 months) after the hurricane. Regions of dominantly hardwoods suffering high to moderate impacts and of dominantly cypress-tupelos suffering low impacts identified in this study corroborated findings of earlier studies. Conversely, areas not reported in previous studies as affected were identified, and these areas showed a reverse relationship, i.e., highly impacted cypresstupelo and low or moderately impacted hardwoods. Additionally, generated proportions of hardwood, cypress-tupelo, and open (mixed) forests per each 1-km pixel (impact and recovery maps) suggest that regions containing higher percentages of cypress-tupelos were more likely to have sustained higher impacts. Visual examination of the impact map revealed a spatial covariation between increased impact magnitudes and river corridors dominated by open forest. This spatial association was corroborated by examining changes in the percentage of open forest per 1-km impact pixel; the percentage of open forest peaked at moderate to high impacts. The distribution of recovery supported the impact spatial distribution; however, the magnitudes of the two indicators of hurricane effects were not always spatially dependent. Converse to univariate statistics describing a11 forested area within the basin, higher recoveries tended to be related to higher percentages of hardwoods. Lower recoveries, on the other hand, tended to be related to forests with nearly equal percentages of hardwoods and cypress-tupelo. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","usgsCitation":"Ramsey III, E., Chappell, D., Jacobs, D.M., Sapkota, S., and Baldwin, D., 1998, Resource management of forested wetlands: Hurricane impact and recovery mapped by combining Landsat TM and NOAA AVHRR data: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 64, no. 7, p. 733-738.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"733","endPage":"738","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370245,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":370244,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.asprs.org/pers-archives-of-the-past"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Atchafalaya River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.65869140625,\n              29.420460341013133\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.395263671875,\n              29.420460341013133\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.395263671875,\n              30.845647420182598\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.65869140625,\n              30.845647420182598\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.65869140625,\n              29.420460341013133\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey III, Elijah 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":212009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey III","given":"Elijah","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chappell, D.K.","contributorId":26463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chappell","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jacobs, Dennis M.","contributorId":221238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobs","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sapkota, Sijan sapkotas@usgs.gov","contributorId":2995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sapkota","given":"Sijan","email":"sapkotas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":777453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baldwin, D.G.","contributorId":24939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":777454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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