On Thursday evening, May 23, 2013 (0347 May 24 UTC), a moment magnitude (Mw) = 5.7 earthquake occurred northeast of Canyondam, California. A two-person team of U.S. Geological Survey scientists went to the area to search for surface rupture and to canvass damage in the communities around Lake Almanor. While the causative fault had not been identified at the time of the field survey, surface rupture was expected to have occurred just south of Lake Almanor, approximately 2–4 kilometers south of the epicenter. No surface rupture was discovered. Felt intensity among the communities around Lake Almanor appeared to vary significantly. Lake Almanor West (LAW), Lake Almanor Country Club (LACC), and Hamilton Branch (HB) experienced Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) ≥7, whereas other communities around the lake experienced MMI ≤6; the maximum observed intensity was MMI 8, in LAW. Damage in the high intensity areas consisted of broken and collapsed chimneys, ruptured pipes, and some damage to foundations and to structural elements within houses. Although this shaking damage is not usually expected for an Mw 5.7 earthquake, the intensities at Lake Almanor Country Club correlate with the peak ground acceleration (38 percent g) and peak ground velocity (30 centimeters per second) recorded by the California Strong Motion Instrumentation Program accelerometer located at the nearby Lake Almanor Fire Station. The intensity distribution for the three hardest hit areas (LAW, LACC, and HB) appears to increase as the azimuth from epicenter to the intensity sites approaches the fault strike. The small communities of Almanor and Prattville on the southwestern shore of Lake Almanor experienced somewhat lower intensities. The town of Canyondam experienced a lower intensity as well, despite its location up-dip of the earthquake rupture. This report contains information on the earthquake itself, the search for surface rupture, and the damage we observed and compiled from other sources.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161145","usgsCitation":"Chapman, K., Gold, M.B., Boatwright, J., Sipe, J., Quitoriano, V., Dreger, D., and Hardebeck, J., 2016, Faulting, damage, and intensity in the Canyondam earthquake of May 23, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016-1145, 49 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161145. ","productDescription":"iv, 49 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-079067","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328669,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1145/ofr20161145.pdf","text":"Report","size":"14.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1145"},{"id":328668,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1145/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.508544921875,\n 38.46219172306828\n ],\n [\n -122.508544921875,\n 40.643135583312805\n ],\n [\n -119.33349609375,\n 40.643135583312805\n ],\n [\n -119.33349609375,\n 38.46219172306828\n ],\n [\n -122.508544921875,\n 38.46219172306828\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Contact Information, Menlo Park, Calif.
Office—Earthquake Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road, MS 977
Menlo Park, CA 94025
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/
Populations of federally endangered Lost River (Deltistes luxatus) and shortnose suckers (Chasmistes brevirostris) in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, are experiencing long-term declines in abundance. Upper Klamath Lake populations are decreasing because adult mortality, which is relatively low, is not being balanced by recruitment of young adult suckers into known adult spawning aggregations. Previous sampling for juvenile suckers indicated that most juvenile sucker mortality in Upper Klamath Lake likely occurs within the first year of life. The importance of juvenile sucker mortality to the dynamics of Clear Lake Reservoir populations is less clear, and factors other than juvenile mortality (such as access to spawning habitat) play a substantial role. For example, production of age-0 juvenile suckers, as determined by fin ray annuli and fin development, has not been detected since 2013 in Clear Lake Reservoir, whereas it is detected annually in Upper Klamath Lake.
\nWe initiated a long-term juvenile sucker monitoring program in 2015 designed to track cohorts through seasons and among years in both Upper Klamath Lake and Clear Lake Reservoir. Specifically, our goals are to track annual variability in age-0 sucker production, juvenile sucker survival, growth, and condition. In this first year of the monitoring program, we assessed assumptions that sampled fish were representative of populations of suckers in each lake. The size, age, and species composition of suckers were similar between randomly determined sites and fixed sites in each lake. We captured a wide size and age range of suckers using similar gear, indicating our gear did not exclude older and larger fish. We identified improvements that could be made in the monitoring program including increasing the number of randomly determined sample sites in both lakes, evaluation of gear-size selectivity, and validation of aging methods for juvenile Lost River and shortnose suckers.
\nDiffering age composition of juvenile suckers between lakes in our 2015 catches and as reported in previous studies indicate that juvenile suckers are produced in relatively larger numbers each year in Upper Klamath Lake than in Clear Lake Reservoir. Most (96.6 percent) of suckers captured in Upper Klamath Lake in 2015 were age-0, whereas age-0 or age-1 suckers were not captured in Clear Lake Reservoir. Despite ample effort, age-0 suckers have not been captured in Clear Lake Reservoir since 2013. Estimated ages of suckers captured in 2015 in Clear Lake Reservoir ranged from 2 to 6 years. Low flow during spawning seasons in the only known spawning tributary to Clear Lake Reservoir (Willow Creek) appears to explain the lack of age-0 sucker production in recent years.
\nJuvenile sucker mortality is relatively higher in Upper Klamath Lake than in Clear Lake Reservoir. We compared data collected in 2015 to previously published catch rates to produce an index of annual juvenile sucker survival for these species. We calculated indices of annual apparent survival of juvenile sucker ages 0–5 years old in Clear Lake Reservoir to be between 0.37 (±0.86 standard error [SE]) and 0.44 (±0.84 SE). This is the first time indices of annual apparent survival for Lost River and shortnose suckers have been calculated. This estimate has the limitation of being non-species specific because not all individuals were identified to species in previous years, and suckers that were identified included both taxa. In contrast, catch rates decreased by 89 percent for juvenile Lost River suckers and decreased 50 percent for juvenile shortnose suckers in Upper Klamath Lake between August and September 2015. Very low catch rates of age-1 and older suckers in Upper Klamath Lake indicate that annual juvenile sucker survival rates are near zero.
\nCondition of suckers was assessed in 2015 based on age-0 sucker growth rates in Upper Klamath Lake and the prevalence of externally observable afflictions on suckers from both lakes. Age-0 Lost River suckers grew an average (± standard deviation [SD]) of 0.72 (±0.01) millimeters [mm] standard length [SL] per day, and age-0 shortnose suckers grew an average of 0.57 (±0.04) mm SL per day in 2015. This growth rate was similar to growth rates reported for these species in Upper Klamath Lake in previous years. Opercular deformities, skin hemorrhages, black-spot causing parasites, and Lernaea spp. parasitism were the most common afflictions observed on suckers. Observed afflictions were primarily on suckers from Upper Klamath Lake, with the exception of Lernaea spp., which occurred more frequently on suckers from Clear Lake Reservoir. Opercular deformities and black-spot causing parasites were each observed on 5 percent of age-0 suckers from Upper Klamath Lake. Petechial hemorrhaging of the skin was observed on 43 percent of age-0 Lost River suckers, 38 percent of age-0 suckers of undetermined taxa, and only 24 percent of age-0 shortnose suckers from Upper Klamath Lake. Petechial hemorrhaging of the skin was only observed on a single shortnose sucker from Clear Lake Reservoir. Within Upper Klamath Lake, the prevalence of these hemorrhages was exactly twice as high as was reported in 2014.
\n","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161164","usgsCitation":"Burdick, S.M., Ostberg, C.O., Hereford, M.E., and Hoy, M.S., 2016, Juvenile sucker cohort tracking data summary and assessment of monitoring program, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1164, 30 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161164.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 30 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-079633","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328862,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1164/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":328863,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1164/ofr20161164.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1164"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","county":"Klamath County","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.29980468749999,\n 43.06086137134326\n ],\n [\n -121.13525390625,\n 42.706659563510385\n ],\n [\n -120.750732421875,\n 41.68932225997044\n ],\n [\n -121.761474609375,\n 41.492120839687786\n ],\n [\n -122.58544921875,\n 41.3025710943056\n ],\n [\n -123.50830078125,\n 40.48873742102282\n ],\n [\n -124.288330078125,\n 40.85537053192496\n ],\n [\n -123.870849609375,\n 42.00848901572399\n ],\n [\n -123.431396484375,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -123.277587890625,\n 42.04113400940809\n ],\n [\n -122.29980468749999,\n 43.06086137134326\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"
Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
http://wfrc.usgs.gov/
We present results of population genetic analyses performed on Oregon silverspot butterflies (OSB; Speyeria zerene hippolyta) in western Oregon and northwestern California. We used DNA sequences from a 561-base pair region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for a dataset comprised of 112 S. z. hippolyta and 32 S. z. gloriosa individuals collected at 9 locations in western Oregon and northwestern California. The most pertinent findings thus far are summarized as follows:
Director, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
777 NW 9th St., Suite 400
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
http://fresc.usgs.gov/
This report provides the geochemical analyses of a large set of background soils collected from the surface of the Coconino Plateau in northern Arizona. More than 700 soil samples were collected at 46 widespread areas, sampled from sites that appear unaffected by mineralization and (or) anthropogenic contamination. The soils were analyzed for 47 elements, thereby providing data on metal concentrations in soils representative of the plateau. These background concentrations can be used, for instance, for comparison to metal concentrations found in soils potentially affected by natural and anthropogenic influences on the Coconino Plateau in the Grand Canyon region of Arizona.
The soil sampling survey revealed low concentrations for the metals most commonly of environmental concern, such as arsenic, cobalt, chromium, copper, mercury, manganese, molybdenum, lead, uranium, vanadium, and zinc. For example, the median concentrations of the metals in soils of the Coconino Plateau were found to be comparable to the mean values previously reported for soils of the western United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161160","usgsCitation":"Van Gosen, B.S., 2016, Element concentrations in surface soils of the Coconino Plateau, Grand Canyon region, Coconino County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1160, 9 p. https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161160.","productDescription":"Report: v, 9 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077409","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328663,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1160/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":328665,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1160/ofr20161160_Appendix-1.xlsx","size":"236 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2016-1160 Appendix 1"},{"id":328664,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1160/ofr20161160.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.55 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-1160"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Coconino County","otherGeospatial":"Coconino Plateau, Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.5,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -113.5,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 36.5\n ],\n [\n -112,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -113.5,\n 35.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Center Director
USGS Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 973
Denver, CO 80225
Recent interest in flood control and restoration strategies in the Chehalis River Basin has increased the need to understand the current status and ecology of spring Chinook salmon. Based on the extended period between freshwater entry and spawn timing, spring Chinook salmon have the longest exposure of all adult Chinook salmon life histories to the low-flow and high water temperature conditions that typically occur during summer. About 100 adult spring Chinook salmon were found dead in the Chehalis River in July and August 2009. Adult Chinook salmon are known to hold in cool-water refugia during warm summer months, but the extent to which spring Chinook salmon might use thermal refugia in the Chehalis River is unknown. The movements and temperature exposures of adult spring Chinook salmon following their return to the Chehalis River were investigated using radiotelemetry and transmitters equipped with temperature sensors, combined with water temperature monitoring throughout the basin. A total of 23 spring Chinook salmon were radio-tagged between April and early July 2015; 11 were captured and released in the main-stem Chehalis River, and 12 were captured and released in the South Fork Newaukum River. Tagged fish were monitored with a combination of fixed-site monitoring locations and regular mobile tracking, from freshwater entry through the spawning period.
Water temperature and flow conditions in the main-stem Chehalis River during 2015 were atypical compared to historical averages. Mean monthly water temperatures between March and July 2015 were higher than any decade since 1960 and mean daily flows were 30–70 percent of the flows in previous years. Overall, 96 percent of the tagged fish were detected, with a mean of 62 d in the detection history of tagged fish. Of the 11 fish released in the main-stem Chehalis River, six fish (55 percent) moved upstream, either shortly after release (2–7 d, 50 percent), or following a short delay (12–18 d, 50 percent). One fish released in the main-stem Chehalis River remained near the release location for 64 d before moving upstream.
The final fates for the seven fish that moved upstream in the main-stem Chehalis River included two fish with unknown fates, two fish with a fate of pre-spawn mortality, and three fish that were assigned a fate of spawner. Four (36 percent) of the radio-tagged Chinook salmon released in the main-stem Chehalis River showed limited movement from their release sites, and were assigned fates of unknown (one fish), pre-spawn mortality (one fish), and spit/mortality (2 fish). The 12 spring Chinook salmon released in the South Fork Newaukum River remained in the South Fork Newaukum River throughout the study period. Five (42 percent) of these fish were actively moving through the spawning period and were assigned a fate of spawner. Seven (58 percent) of these fish were detected for a period following release, but their detection histories ended prior to the spawning period. The fates assigned to these seven fish included two fish with spit/mortality fates and five fish with fates of pre-spawn mortality. Tagged fish in both the Chehalis River and the South Fork Newaukum River showed limited movements during the peak water temperatures in July and August, and were not frequently detected at sites where water temperatures were greater than 21 °C. Pre-spawn mortality due to predation or harvest may be an important factor in the Chehalis River Basin as it was the assigned fate for 27 percent of the fish released in the main-stem Chehalis River and 42 percent of the fish released in the South Fork Newaukum River.
This study represents a substantial contribution to the understanding of spring Chinook salmon in the Chehalis River Basin. The water temperatures and flow conditions during the 2015 study period were not typical of the historical conditions in the basin and the numbers of tagged fish monitored was relatively low, so results should be interpreted with those cautions in mind.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161158","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Liedtke, T.L., Zimmerman, M.S., Tomka, R.G., Holt, Curt, and Jennings, Lyle, 2016, Behavior and movements of adult spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Chehalis River Basin, southwestern Washington, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016-1158, 57 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161158.","productDescription":"vi, 57 p.","numberOfPages":"67","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-076409","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328667,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1158/ofr20161158.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1158"},{"id":328666,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1158/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Chehalis River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.837890625,\n 46.38293856752681\n ],\n [\n -123.837890625,\n 46.965259400349275\n ],\n [\n -122.52227783203125,\n 46.965259400349275\n ],\n [\n -122.52227783203125,\n 46.38293856752681\n ],\n [\n -123.837890625,\n 46.38293856752681\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
http://wfrc.usgs.gov/
Streamflow and water temperature in the Middle Fork Willamette River (MFWR), western Oregon, have been regulated and altered since the construction of Lookout Point, Dexter, and Hills Creek Dams in 1954 and 1961, respectively. Each year, summer releases from the dams typically are cooler than pre-dam conditions, with the reverse (warmer than pre-dam conditions) occurring in autumn. This pattern has been detrimental to habitat of endangered Upper Willamette River (UWR) Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and UWR winter steelhead (O. mykiss) throughout multiple life stages. In this study, scenarios testing different dam-operation strategies and hypothetical dam-outlet structures were simulated using CE-QUAL-W2 hydrodynamic/temperature models of the MFWR system from Hills Creek Lake (HCR) to Lookout Point (LOP) and Dexter (DEX) Lakes to explore and understand the efficacy of potential flow and temperature mitigation options.
Model scenarios were run in constructed wet, normal, and dry hydrologic calendar years, and designed to minimize the effects of Hills Creek and Lookout Point Dams on river temperature by prioritizing warmer lake surface releases in May–August and cooler, deep releases in September–December. Operational scenarios consisted of a range of modified release rate rules, relaxation of power-generation constraints, variations in the timing of refill and drawdown, and maintenance of different summer maximum lake levels at HCR and LOP. Structural scenarios included various combinations of hypothetical floating outlets near the lake surface and hypothetical new outlets at depth. Scenario results were compared to scenarios using existing operational rules that give temperature management some priority (Base), scenarios using pre-2012 operational rules that prioritized power generation over temperature management (NoBlend), and estimated temperatures from a without-dams condition (WoDams).
Results of the tested model scenarios led to the following conclusions:
Director, Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2130 SW 5th Avenue
Portland, Oregon 97201
http://or.water.usgs.gov
Heavy rainfall resulted in major flooding in the Meramec River Basin in eastern Missouri during late December 2015 through early January 2016. Cumulative rainfall from December 14 to 29, 2015, ranged from 7.6 to 12.3 inches at selected precipitation stations in the basin with flooding driven by the heaviest precipitation (3.9–9.7 inches) between December 27 and 29, 2015. Financial losses from flooding included damage to homes and other structures, damage to roads, and debris removal. Eight of 11 counties in the basin were declared a Federal Disaster Area.
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and St. Louis Metropolitan Sewer District, operates multiple streamgages along the Meramec River and its primary tributaries including the Bourbeuse River and Big River. The period of record for streamflow at streamgages in the basin included in this report ranges from 24 to 102 years. Instrumentation in a streamgage shelter automatically makes observations of stage using a variety of methods (submersible pressure transducer, non-submersible pressure transducer, or non-contact radar). These observations are recorded autonomously at a predetermined programmed frequency (typically either 15 or 30 minutes) dependent on drainage-area size and concomitant flashiness of the stream. Although stage data are important, streamflow data are equally or more important for streamflow forecasting, water-quality constituent loads computation, flood-frequency analysis, and flood mitigation planning. Streamflows are computed from recorded stage data using an empirically determined relation between stage and streamflow termed a “rating.” Development and verification of the rating requires periodic onsite discrete measurements of streamflow throughout time and over the range of stages to define local hydraulic conditions.
The purpose of this report is to examine characteristics of flooding that occurred in the Meramec River Basin in December 2015–January 2016 including peak stages, peak streamflows, and the flood-frequency statistics associated with the peak flows. A comparison between the December 2015–January 2016 flood and a similar flood in December 1982 in the Meramec River Basin also is included.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161140","usgsCitation":"Holmes, R.R., Jr., Koenig, T.A., Rydlund, P.H., and Heimann, D.C., 2016, Examination of flood characteristics at selected streamgages in the Meramec River Basin, Eastern Missouri, December 2015–January 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1140, 7 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161140.","productDescription":"Report: 7 p., Tables: 1-3","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077164","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328622,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1140/ofr20161140.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.34 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016–1140"},{"id":328621,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1140/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":328623,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1140/ofr20161140_tables1-3.xlsx","text":"Tables 1–3","size":"333 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2016–1140 Tables"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Meramec River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.900634765625,\n 37.3002752813443\n ],\n [\n -91.900634765625,\n 38.18638677411551\n ],\n [\n -90.2911376953125,\n 38.18638677411551\n ],\n [\n -90.2911376953125,\n 37.3002752813443\n ],\n [\n -91.900634765625,\n 37.3002752813443\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Chief, Office of Surface Water
U.S. Geological Survey
415 National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
Relative-gravity data and absolute-gravity data were collected at 68 stations in the Sierra Vista Subwatershed, Upper San Pedro Basin, Arizona, in May–June 2015 for the purpose of estimating aquifer-storage change. Similar data from 2014 and a description of the survey network were published in U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1086. Data collection and network adjustment results are presented in this report, which is accompanied by a supporting Web Data Release (http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7SQ8XHX). Station positions are presented from a Global Positioning System campaign to determine station elevation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161155","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with The Nature Conservancy","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, J.R., 2016, Gravity change from 2014 to 2015, Sierra Vista Subwatershed, Upper San Pedro Basin, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1155, 15 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161155.","productDescription":"Report: v, 15 p.; Datasets","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-074089","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328551,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1155/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":328553,"rank":5,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1155/ofr20161155_SanPedroGravity2014-2015_AbsoluteGravity.txt","text":"Absolute gravity","size":"237 bytes","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2016-1155 Absolute gravity"},{"id":328552,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1155/ofr20161155.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1155"},{"id":328554,"rank":3,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1155/ofr20161155_SanPedroGravity2014-2015_AdjustedGravity.csv","text":"Adjusted gravity","size":"5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"OFR 2016-1155 Adjusted gravity"},{"id":328756,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7SQ8XHX","text":"GIS Data","description":"OFR 2016-1155 GIS Data"},{"id":328555,"rank":4,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1155/ofr20161155_SanPedroGravity2014-2015_RelativeGravity.txt","text":"Relative gravity","size":"12 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2016-1155 Relative gravity"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Upper San Pedro Basin, Sierra Vista Subwatershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.33912658691406,\n 31.439794704219466\n ],\n [\n -110.33912658691406,\n 31.633506308954388\n ],\n [\n -110.09880065917969,\n 31.633506308954388\n ],\n [\n -110.09880065917969,\n 31.439794704219466\n ],\n [\n -110.33912658691406,\n 31.439794704219466\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
http://az.water.usgs.gov
The work explained in this report was conducted to assess geomorphic adjustment of the lower White River, Arkansas, to hydrologic modifications and establish forest age and community structure within selected communities within the floodplain. Also, the HEC–GeoRAS model was evaluated for predicting flood depth and duration within the floodplain. Hydrologic modeling using HEC–GeoRAS is a common way to model flooding in a floodplain. A parameterized model exists for the White River, Arkansas, based on observed flows at gauges, but its ability to reproduce current and future hydrological conditions throughout the floodplain has not been quantified. The objectives of this work are to—
\nThis study provides baseline information on the current geomorphic and hydrologic conditions of the river and can assist in the interpretation of forest responses to past hydrologic and geomorphic processes. Understanding the implications for floodplain forests of geomorphic adjustment in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley is key to managing the region’s valuable resources for a sustainable future.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161113","usgsCitation":"King, S.L., Keim, R.F., Hupp, C.R., Edwards, B.L., Kroschel, W.A., Johnson, E.L., and Cochran, J.W., 2016, Altered hydrologic and geomorphic processes and bottomland hardwood plant communities of the lower White River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1113, 32 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161113. ","productDescription":"v, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"39","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073365","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328275,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1113/ofr20161113.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.44 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1113"},{"id":328274,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1113/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Lower White River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.461181640625,\n 34.01851844336969\n ],\n [\n -91.461181640625,\n 34.856636719051735\n ],\n [\n -90.9613037109375,\n 34.856636719051735\n ],\n [\n -90.9613037109375,\n 34.01851844336969\n ],\n [\n -91.461181640625,\n 34.01851844336969\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Louisiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3535 South Sherwood Forest Blvd.
Suite 120
Baton Rouge, LA 70816
http://la.water.usgs.gov/
From November 2011 to August 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected more than 1,000 line-kilometers (length of lines surveyed in kilometers) of marine magnetic data on San Pablo Bay, 98 onshore gravity stations, and over 27 line-kilometers of ground magnetic data in northern California. Combined magnetic and gravity investigations were undertaken to study subsurface geologic structures as an aid in understanding the geologic framework and earthquake hazard potential in the San Francisco Bay Area. Furthermore, marine magnetic data illuminate local subsurface geologic features in the shallow crust beneath San Pablo Bay where geologic exposure is absent.
Magnetic and gravity methods, which reflect contrasting physical properties of the subsurface, are ideal for studying San Pablo Bay. Exposed rock units surrounding San Pablo Bay consist mainly of Jurassic Coast Range ophiolite, Great Valley sequence, Franciscan Complex rocks, Miocene sedimentary rocks, and unconsolidated alluvium (Graymer and others, 2006). The contrasting magnetic and density properties of these rocks enable us to map their subsurface extent.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161150","usgsCitation":"Ponce, D.A., Denton, K.M., and Watt, J.T., 2016, Marine magnetic survey and onshore gravity and magnetic survey, San Pablo Bay, northern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1150, 14 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161150.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 14 p.; 3 Tables; Metadata","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077167","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328401,"rank":7,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1150/metadata_magnetic.txt","text":"Magnetic","size":"7 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2016-1150 Magnetic Metadata"},{"id":328400,"rank":6,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1150/metadata_gravity.txt","text":"Gravity","size":"7 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2016-1150 Gravity Metadata"},{"id":328397,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1150/ofr20161150_table1.csv","text":"Table 1","size":"69.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"OFR 2016-1150 Table 1"},{"id":328398,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1150/ofr20161150_table2.csv","text":"Table 2","size":"796 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"OFR 2016-1150 Table 2"},{"id":328399,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1150/ofr20161150_table4.csv","text":"Table 4","size":"19 KB","linkFileType":{"id":7,"text":"csv"},"description":"OFR 2016-1150 Table 4"},{"id":328396,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1150/ofr20161150.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1150"},{"id":328395,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1150/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Pablo Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.48245239257812,\n 37.966395462637834\n ],\n [\n -122.48245239257812,\n 38.134556577054134\n ],\n [\n -122.28332519531249,\n 38.134556577054134\n ],\n [\n -122.28332519531249,\n 37.966395462637834\n ],\n [\n -122.48245239257812,\n 37.966395462637834\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Contact Information, Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Menlo Park, California
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
http://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/
Recent growth and development of renewable energy and unconventional oil and gas extraction are rapidly diversifying the energy supply of the United States. Yet, as our Nation works to advance energy security and conserve wildlife, some conflicts have surfaced. To address these challenges, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is conducting innovative research and developing workable solutions to reduce the impacts of energy production on wildlife. USGS scientists collaborate on many studies with scientists from other Federal, State, and local government agencies; Tribal nations; academic research institutions; and nongovernmental and private organizations.
The mix of fuels used for electricity generation is evolving. Solar, natural gas, and wind energy made up most electricity generation additions in 2015 and 2016. The United States now leads the world in natural gas production, with new record highs for each year from 2011 through 2015. More than 48,000 wind turbines now contribute to power grids in most States, providing about 5 percent of U.S. end-use electricity demand in an average year. The number of utility-scale solar-energy projects is growing rapidly with solar energy projected to contribute to the largest electricity generation addition in 2016.
A substantial number of large energy projects have been constructed on undeveloped public lands, and more are anticipated at an increasing rate, creating new stress to wildlife. Direct impacts include collisions with wind turbines and structures at solar facilities and loss of habitat which may negatively affect sensitive species. Recent estimates suggest 250,000 to 500,000 birds die each year at wind turbine facilities. Bat fatality rates at wind turbine facilities are less certain, but may average several hundred thousand per year throughout North America. Because new projects may be located in or near sensitive wildlife habitats, ecological science plays a key role in helping to guide project siting and operational decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161147","usgsCitation":"Khalil, Mona, ed., 2016, U.S. Geological Survey—Energy and Wildlife Research Annual Report for 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File ReportEnergy and Wildlife Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Mail Stop 301
Reston, VA 20192
mkhalil@usgs.gov
https://www.usgs.gov/ecosystems/
energy_wildlife
The 2.1-km (1.3-mi) Link River connects Upper Klamath Lake to the Klamath River in south-central Oregon. A CE-QUAL-W2 flow and water-quality model of Link River was developed to provide a connection between an existing model of the upper Klamath River and any existing or future models of Upper Klamath Lake. Water-quality sampling at six locations in Link River was done during 2013–15 to support model development and to provide a better understanding of instream biogeochemical processes. The short reach and high velocities in Link River resulted in fast travel times and limited water-quality transformations, except for dissolved oxygen. Reaeration through the reach, especially at the falls in Link River, was particularly important in moderating dissolved oxygen concentrations that at times entered the reach at Link River Dam with marked supersaturation or subsaturation. This reaeration resulted in concentrations closer to saturation downstream at the mouth of Link River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161146","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Sullivan, A.B., and Rounds, S.A., 2016, Modeling water quality, temperature, and flow in Link River, south-central Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1146, 31 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161146.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-075012","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328478,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1146/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":328479,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1146/ofr20161146.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1146"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Link River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.80619239807129,\n 42.21510581314013\n ],\n [\n -121.80619239807129,\n 42.23576221780897\n ],\n [\n -121.7815589904785,\n 42.23576221780897\n ],\n [\n -121.7815589904785,\n 42.21510581314013\n ],\n [\n -121.80619239807129,\n 42.21510581314013\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2130 SW 5th Avenue
Portland, Oregon 97201
http://or.water.usgs.gov
The Wolf Point quadrangle encompasses approximately 16,084 km2 (6,210 mi2). The northern boundary is the Montana/Saskatchewan (U.S.-Canada) boundary. The quadrangle is in the Northern Plains physiographic province and it includes the Peerless Plateau and Flaxville Plain. The primary river is the Missouri River.
The map units are surficial deposits and materials, not landforms. Deposits that comprise some constructional landforms (for example, ground-moraine deposits, end-moraine deposits, and stagnation-moraine deposits, all composed of till) are distinguished for purposes of reconstruction of glacial history. Surficial deposits and materials are assigned to 23 map units on the basis of genesis, age, lithology or composition, texture or particle size, and other physical, chemical, and engineering characteristics. It is not a map of soils that are recognized in pedology or agronomy. Rather, it is a generalized map of soils recognized in engineering geology, or of substrata or parent materials in which pedologic or agronomic soils are formed. Glaciotectonic (ice-thrust) structures and deposits are mapped separately, represented by a symbol. The surficial deposits are glacial, ice-contact, glaciofluvial, alluvial, lacustrine, eolian, colluvial, and mass-movement deposits.
Till of late Wisconsin age is represented by three map units. Till of Illinoian age also is mapped. Till deposited during pre-Illinoian glaciations is not mapped, but is widespread in the subsurface. Linear ice-molded landforms (primarily drumlins), shown by symbol, indicate directions of ice flow during late Wisconsin and Illinoian glaciations. The Quaternary geologic map of the Wolf Point quadrangle, northeastern Montana and North Dakota, was prepared to provide a database for compilation of a Quaternary geologic map of the Regina 4° × 6° quadrangle, United States and Canada, at scale 1:1,000,000, for the U.S. Geological Survey Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States map series. This map was compiled from data from many sources, at several different map scales. That information was generalized and simplified, and then transferred to a base map at 1:250,000 scale to serve as the base for final reduction to 1:1,000,000, the nominal reading scale of maps in the Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States map series. This map is the generalized and simplified 1:250,000 scale compilation. Letter symbols for the map units are those used for the same units in the Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States map series. The map summarizes new, and selected published and unpublished, geologic information for public use and for use by Federal, State, and local governmental agencies for land use planning, including assessment of natural resources, natural hazards, recreation potential, and land use management. It also is a base from which a variety of maps relating to earth surface processes and Quaternary geologic history can be derived.
Center Director, USGS Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center
Box 25046, Mail Stop 980
Denver, CO 80225
Sand Hollow Reservoir in Washington County, Utah, was completed in March 2002 and is operated primarily for managed aquifer recharge by the Washington County Water Conservancy District. From 2002 through 2014, diversions of about 216,000 acre-feet from the Virgin River to Sand Hollow Reservoir have allowed the reservoir to remain nearly full since 2006. Groundwater levels in monitoring wells near the reservoir rose through 2006 and have fluctuated more recently because of variations in reservoir stage and nearby pumping from production wells. Between 2004 and 2014, about 29,000 acre-feet of groundwater was withdrawn by these wells for municipal supply. In addition, about 31,000 acre-feet of shallow seepage was captured by French drains adjacent to the North and West Dams and used for municipal supply, irrigation, or returned to the reservoir. From 2002 through 2014, about 127,000 acre-feet of water seeped beneath the reservoir to recharge the underlying Navajo Sandstone aquifer.
Water quality continued to be monitored at various wells in Sand Hollow during 2013–14 to evaluate the timing and location of reservoir recharge as it moved through the aquifer. Changing geochemical conditions at monitoring wells WD 4 and WD 12 indicate rising groundwater levels and mobilization of vadose-zone salts, which could be a precursor to the arrival of reservoir recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161078","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Washington County Water Conservancy District","usgsCitation":"Marston, T.M., and Heilweil, V.M., 2016, Assessment of managed aquifer recharge at Sand Hollow Reservoir, Washington County, Utah, updated to conditions through 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1078, 35 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161078.","productDescription":"vi, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-065917","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328183,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1078/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":328184,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1078/ofr20161078.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1078"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Washington County","otherGeospatial":"Sand Hollow Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.41289520263672,\n 37.09325224703316\n ],\n [\n -113.41289520263672,\n 37.15087639355426\n ],\n [\n -113.34148406982422,\n 37.15087639355426\n ],\n [\n -113.34148406982422,\n 37.09325224703316\n ],\n [\n -113.41289520263672,\n 37.09325224703316\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Utah Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2329 Orton Circle
Salt Lake City, Utah 84119
http://ut.water.usgs.gov/
Surface-water supplies are important sources of drinking water for residents in the Triangle area of North Carolina, which is located within the upper Cape Fear and Neuse River Basins. Since 1988, the U.S. Geological Survey and a consortium of local governments have tracked water-quality conditions and trends in several of the area’s water-supply lakes and streams. This report summarizes data collected through this cooperative effort, known as the Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project, during October 2011 through September 2012 (water year 2012) and October 2012 through September 2013 (water year 2013). Major findings for this period include:
Director South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
http://www.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/
Geologic, sediment texture, and physiographic zone maps characterize the sea floor of Vineyard and western Nantucket Sounds, Massachusetts. These maps were derived from interpretations of seismic-reflection profiles, high-resolution bathymetry, acoustic-backscatter intensity, bottom photographs/video, and surficial sediment samples collected within the 494-square-kilometer study area. Interpretations of seismic stratigraphy and mapping of glacial and Holocene marine units provided a foundation on which the surficial maps were created. This mapping is a result of a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management to characterize the surface and subsurface geologic framework offshore of Massachusetts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161119","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management","usgsCitation":"Baldwin, W.E., Foster, D.S., Pendleton, E.A., Barnhardt, W.A., Schwab, W.C., Andrews, B.D., and Ackerman, S.D., 2016, Shallow geology, sea-floor texture, and physiographic zones of Vineyard and western Nantucket Sounds, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1119, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161119.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-072016","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328161,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1119/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":326826,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1119/index.html","text":"Report HTML"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.1,\n 41.25\n ],\n [\n -71.1,\n 41.6\n ],\n [\n -70.4,\n 41.6\n ],\n [\n -70.4,\n 41.25\n ],\n [\n -71.1,\n 41.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
384 Woods Hole Road
Quissett Campus
Woods Hole, MA 02543
http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/
The vertical avoidance behavior of the tadpole madtom (Noturus gyrinus) exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of the granular formulation of the lampricide Bayluscide® was evaluated. The lampricide formulation (3.2 percent active ingredient coated on a sand granule) is used to control larval sea lamprey populations in the Great Lakes. The tadpole madtom was chosen as a surrogate to the federally endangered northern madtom (Noturus stigmosus) based on similar life history characteristics and habitat requirements. Vertical avoidance of tadpole madtoms in response to the granular formulation was documented in clear Plexiglas columns (107 centimeters in height, 30.5 centimeters in diameter) for 1 hour after chemical application. Each avoidance trial produced data consisting of the number of tadpole madtoms avoiding the chemical at a given time. Based on the overall data, tadpole madtoms in treated columns were 11.7 times more likely to display avoidance compared to those in untreated controls. Results indicate that it is likely that northern madtoms will be able to detect and avoid Bayluscide® from granular applications if their response is similar to that of the tadpole madtom.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161130","usgsCitation":"Boogaard, M.A., Erickson, R.A., and Hubert, T.D, 2016, Evaluation of avoidance behavior of tadpole madtoms (Noturus gyrinus) as a surrogate for the endangered northern madtom (Noturus stigmosus) in response to granular Bayluscide: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016‒1130, 6 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161130. ","productDescription":"Report: iv, 6 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-075622","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438554,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K35RS7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Evaluation of avoidance behavior of tadpole madtoms (Noturus gyrinus) as a surrogate to the endangered northern madtom (Noturus stigmosus) in response to granular Bayluscide®"},{"id":326363,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1130/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":326364,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1130/ofr20161130.pdf","text":"Report","size":"509 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1130"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.935546875,\n 46.49839225859763\n ],\n [\n -82.880859375,\n 46.49839225859763\n ],\n [\n -81.82617187499999,\n 46.31658418182218\n ],\n [\n -80.2001953125,\n 46.07323062540838\n ],\n [\n -79.8046875,\n 45.55252525134013\n ],\n [\n -79.453125,\n 45.089035564831036\n ],\n [\n -79.8046875,\n 44.62175409623324\n ],\n [\n -80.5078125,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -81.03515625,\n 44.59046718130883\n ],\n [\n -81.4306640625,\n 44.18220395771566\n ],\n [\n -81.650390625,\n 43.73935207915473\n ],\n [\n -81.6943359375,\n 43.13306116240612\n ],\n [\n -82.08984375,\n 42.87596410238254\n ],\n [\n -82.2216796875,\n 42.68243539838623\n ],\n [\n -81.2548828125,\n 42.87596410238254\n ],\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 42.84375132629021\n ],\n [\n -80.068359375,\n 43.197167282501276\n ],\n [\n -79.716796875,\n 43.67581809328344\n ],\n [\n -79.1455078125,\n 43.866218006556394\n ],\n [\n -77.87109375,\n 44.08758502824518\n ],\n [\n -77.2998046875,\n 44.05601169578525\n ],\n [\n -76.9482421875,\n 44.308126684886126\n ],\n [\n -75.9814453125,\n 44.308126684886126\n ],\n [\n -75.7177734375,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -76.5087890625,\n 43.32517767999296\n ],\n [\n -77.51953125,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -78.92578124999999,\n 43.13306116240612\n ],\n [\n -78.75,\n 42.65012181368025\n ],\n [\n -79.40917968749999,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -81.03515625,\n 41.672911819602085\n ],\n [\n -81.8701171875,\n 41.3108238809182\n ],\n [\n -82.8369140625,\n 41.37680856570233\n ],\n [\n -83.4521484375,\n 41.57436130598913\n ],\n [\n -83.4521484375,\n 42.22851735620852\n ],\n [\n -82.6611328125,\n 42.90816007196054\n ],\n [\n -82.7490234375,\n 43.67581809328344\n ],\n [\n -83.0126953125,\n 43.8028187190472\n ],\n [\n -83.671875,\n 43.58039085560786\n ],\n [\n -84.111328125,\n 43.83452678223684\n ],\n [\n -83.75976562499999,\n 44.33956524809713\n ],\n [\n -83.5400390625,\n 44.84029065139799\n ],\n [\n -83.84765625,\n 45.24395342262324\n ],\n [\n -84.462890625,\n 45.521743896993634\n ],\n [\n -84.9462890625,\n 45.36758436884978\n ],\n [\n -85.95703125,\n 44.5278427984555\n ],\n [\n -86.17675781249999,\n 44.02442151965934\n ],\n [\n -86.17675781249999,\n 43.51668853502909\n ],\n [\n -85.9130859375,\n 42.84375132629021\n ],\n [\n -85.9130859375,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -86.4404296875,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -87.3193359375,\n 41.37680856570233\n ],\n [\n -88.06640625,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -88.06640625,\n 42.45588764197166\n ],\n [\n -88.11035156249999,\n 43.42100882994726\n ],\n [\n -88.11035156249999,\n 43.89789239125797\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 43.67581809328344\n ],\n [\n -88.76953125,\n 44.24519901522129\n ],\n [\n -88.2861328125,\n 45.089035564831036\n ],\n [\n -87.802734375,\n 45.55252525134013\n ],\n [\n -87.275390625,\n 46.042735653846506\n ],\n [\n -86.572265625,\n 46.31658418182218\n ],\n [\n -86.17675781249999,\n 46.31658418182218\n ],\n [\n -85.4296875,\n 46.34692761055676\n ],\n [\n -85.078125,\n 46.46813299215554\n ],\n [\n -83.935546875,\n 46.49839225859763\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2630 Fanta Reed Road
La Crosse, WI 54603
http://www.umesc.usgs.gov/
Inland bathymetry survey collections, survey data types, features, sources, availability, and the effort required to integrate inland bathymetric data into the U.S. Geological Survey 3D Elevation Program are assessed to help determine the feasibility of integrating three-dimensional water feature elevation data into The National Map. Available data from wading, acoustic, light detection and ranging, and combined technique surveys are provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and other sources. Inland bathymetric data accessed through Web-hosted resources or contacts provide useful baseline parameters for evaluating survey types and techniques used for collection and processing, and serve as a basis for comparing survey methods and the quality of results. Historically, boat-mounted acoustic surveys have provided most inland bathymetry data. Light detection and ranging techniques that are beneficial in areas hard to reach by boat, that can collect dense data in shallow water to provide comprehensive coverage, and that can be cost effective for surveying large areas with good water clarity are becoming more common; however, optimal conditions and techniques for collecting and processing light detection and ranging inland bathymetry surveys are not yet well defined.
Assessment of site condition parameters important for understanding inland bathymetry survey issues and results, and an evaluation of existing inland bathymetry survey coverage are proposed as steps to develop criteria for implementing a useful and successful inland bathymetry survey plan in the 3D Elevation Program. These survey parameters would also serve as input for an inland bathymetry survey data baseline. Integration and interpolation techniques are important factors to consider in developing a robust plan; however, available survey data are usually in a triangulated irregular network format or other format compatible with the 3D Elevation Program so that data can be integrated with a minimal level of effort. Geomorphic site conditions are known to affect the success and accuracy of light detection and ranging and other bathymetric surveys, and a baseline that includes geomorphic data is recommended to help in evaluation of limitations imposed by geomorphology for surveys completed in the variable physiographic provinces across the United States. The geographic distribution for existing surveys identifies regions where inland bathymetry data have been collected and, conversely, where little or no survey data seem to be available to provide hydrologic and hydraulic information. This distribution, in conjunction with local to regional data needs to characterize and monitor river and lake resources, provides another important set of criteria to propose and guide acquisition of new bathymetry data for the 3D Elevation Program. An initial evaluation of needs can be based on the importance of water resources that provide primary water supplies for communities, agriculture, energy, and ecological systems; the importance of flood plain analyses; and projected population growth across the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161126","usgsCitation":"Miller-Corbett, Cynthia, 2016, Evaluating integration of inland bathymetry in the U.S. Geological Survey 3D Elevation Program, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1126, 44 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161126.\n","productDescription":"vi, 44 p.","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-065698","costCenters":[{"id":5047,"text":"NGTOC Denver","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328148,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1126/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":328149,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1126/ofr20161126.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016–1126"}],"contact":"Director, National Geospatial Technical Operations Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401
A multiyear radiotelemetry evaluation was conducted to monitor adult steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha), and coho salmon (O. kisutch) behavior and movement patterns in the upper Cowlitz River Basin. Volitional passage to this area was eliminated by dam construction in the mid-1960s, and a reintroduction program began in the mid-1990s. Fish are transported around the dams using a trap-and-haul program, and adult release sites are located in Lake Scanewa, the uppermost reservoir in the system, and in the Cowlitz and Cispus Rivers. Our goal was to estimate the proportion of tagged fish that fell back downstream of Cowlitz Falls Dam before the spawning period and to determine the proportion that were present in the Cowlitz and Cispus Rivers during the spawning period. Fallback is important because Cowlitz Falls Dam does not have upstream fish passage, so fish that pass the dam are unable to move back upstream and spawn. A total of 2,051 steelhead and salmon were tagged for the study, which was conducted during 2005–09 and 2012, and 173 (8.4 percent) of these regurgitated their transmitter prior to, or shortly after release. Once these fish were removed from the dataset, the final number of fish that was monitored totaled 1,878 fish, including 647 steelhead, 770 Chinook salmon, and 461 coho salmon.
Hatchery-origin (HOR) and natural-origin (NOR) steelhead, Chinook salmon, and coho salmon behaved differently following release into Lake Scanewa. Detection records showed that the percentage of HOR fish that moved upstream and entered the Cowlitz River or Cispus River after release was relatively low (steelhead = 38 percent; Chinook salmon = 67 percent; coho salmon = 41 percent) compared to NOR fish (steelhead = 84 percent; Chinook salmon = 82 percent; coho salmon = 76 percent). The elapsed time from release to river entry was significantly lower for NOR fish than for HOR fish for all three species. Tagged fish entered the Cowlitz River in greater proportions than the Cispus River, regardless of origin. We found that 23–47 percent of the HOR fish entered the Cowlitz River and 12–38 percent entered the Cispus River. Similarly, 67–70 percent of the NOR fish entered the Cowlitz River and 38–66 percent entered the Cispus River. These behavioral differences translated into similar differences in fates during the spawning periods as higher percentages of tagged fish were assigned Cowlitz River fates than Cispus River fates.
Fallback rates were affected by fish origin and release site. Overall, 12 percent of steelhead, 19 percent of Chinook salmon, and 8 percent of coho salmon fell back downstream of Cowlitz Falls Dam prior to spawning. Fallback rates were lower for fish that were released in the Cowlitz River or the Cispus River than for reservoir-released fish, but statistical comparisons were not robust because of small sample sizes at the river release sites. Fallback rates for fish released at the river release sites were 10 percent lower for steelhead, 4 percent lower for Chinook salmon, and 9 percent lower for coho salmon than for reservoir-released fish. However, fallback rates also were different between HOR and NOR fish. Fallback rates were significantly higher for HOR reservoir-released fish than for NOR reservoir-released fish.
This study provided data that were insightful for understanding behavior and movement patterns in the upper Cowlitz River Basin and yielded estimates of fallback rates and fish fates that may be useful for fishery managers in the years to come. Studies from other systems have shown that factors such as prespawn mortality and fallback have resulted in substantial losses to spawning populations where trap-and-haul programs are being used as a restoration tool. Future research in the upper Cowlitz River Basin may use additional telemetry studies, genetic analyses, and spawning ground surveys to provide answers for new questions and to continue to monitor the progress of the reintroduction effort.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161144","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Public Utility District Number 1 of Lewis County, Washington, and the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Kock, T.J., Ekstrom, B.K., Liedtke, T.L., Serl, J.D., and Kohn, Mike, 2016, Behavior patterns and fates of adult steelhead, Chinook salmon, and coho salmon released into the upper Cowlitz River Basin, 2005–09 and 2012, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016-1144, 36 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161144.","productDescription":"vi, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-077163","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327910,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1144/ofr20161144.pdf"},{"id":327909,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1144/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Upper Cowlitz River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.12677001953124,\n 46.41655893628349\n ],\n [\n -122.12677001953124,\n 46.59661864884465\n ],\n [\n -121.69418334960939,\n 46.59661864884465\n ],\n [\n -121.69418334960939,\n 46.41655893628349\n ],\n [\n -122.12677001953124,\n 46.41655893628349\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
http://wfrc.usgs.gov/
Centimeter-scale ground-surface deformation was produced by the August 23, 2011, magnitude (M) 5.8 earthquake that occurred in Mineral, Virginia. Ground-surface deformation also resulted from the earthquake aftershock sequence. This deformation occurred along a linear northeast-trend near Pendleton, Virginia. It is approximately 10 kilometers (km) northeast of the M5.8 epicenter and near the northeastern periphery of the epicentral area as defined by aftershocks. The ground-surface deformation extends over a distance of approximately 1.4 km and consists of parallel, small-scale (a few centimeters (cm) in amplitude) linear ridges and swales. Individual ridge and swale features are discontinuous and vary in length across a zone that ranges from about 20 meters (m) to less than 5 m in width. At one location, three fence posts and adjoining rails were vertically misaligned. Approximately 5 cm of uplift on one post provides a maximum estimate of vertical change from pre-earthquake conditions along the ridge and swale features. There was no change in the alignment of fence posts, indicating that deformation was entirely vertical. A broad monoclinal flexure with approximately 1 m of relief was identified by transit survey across surface deformation at the Carter farm site. There, surface deformation overlies the Carter farm fault, which is a zone of brittle faulting and fracturing along quartz veins, striking N40°E and dipping approximately 75°SE. Brecciation and shearing along this fault is interpreted as Quaternary in age because it disrupts the modern B-soil horizon. However, deformation is confined to saprolitized schist of the Ordovician Quantico Formation and the lowermost portion of overlying residuum, and is absent in the uppermost residuum and colluvial layer at the ground surface. Because there is a lack of surface shearing and very low relief, landslide processes were not a causative mechanism for the surface deformation. Two possible tectonic models and one non-tectonic model are considered: (1) tectonic, monoclinal flexuring along the Carter farm fault, probably aseismic, (2) tectonic, monoclinal flexuring related to a shallow (1–3 km) cluster of aftershocks (M2 to M3) that occurred approximately 1 to 1.5 km to the east of Carter farm, and (3) non-tectonic, differential response to seismic shaking between more-rigid quartz veins and soft residuum-saprolite under vertical motions that were created by Rayleigh surface waves radiating away from the August 23, 2011, hypocenter and propagating along strike of the Carter farm fault. These processes are not considered mutually exclusive, and all three support brittle deformation on the Carter farm fault during the Quaternary. In addition, abandoned stream valleys and active stream piracy are consistent with long-term uplift in vicinity of the Carter farm fault.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161134","usgsCitation":"Harrison, R.W., Schindler, J.S., Pavich, M.J., Horton, J.W., Jr., and Carter, M.W., 2016, Centimeter-scale surface deformation caused by the 2011 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake sequence at the Carter farm site—Subsidiary structures with a Quaternary history: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1134, 18 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161134.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055730","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327108,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1134/coverthb1.jpg"},{"id":327109,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1134/ofr20161134.pdf","text":"Report","size":"31.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1134"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.970278,\n 38.008333\n ],\n [\n -77.970278,\n 37.941667\n ],\n [\n -77.814444,\n 37.941667\n ],\n [\n -77.814444,\n 38.008333\n ],\n [\n -77.970278,\n 38.008333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
http://geology.er.usgs.gov/egpsc/
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Fargo Diversion Board of Authority, collected water-surface elevations during a range of discharges needed for calibration of hydrologic and hydraulic models for specific reaches of interest in water years 2014–15. These water-surface elevation and discharge measurement data were collected for design planning of diversion structures on the Red River of the North and Wild Rice River and the aqueduct/diversion structures on the Sheyenne and Maple Rivers. The Red River of the North and Sheyenne River reaches were surveyed six times, and discharges ranged from 276 to 6,540 cubic feet per second and from 166 to 2,040 cubic feet per second, respectively. The Wild Rice River reach also was surveyed six times during 2014 and 2015, and discharges ranged from 13 to 1,550 cubic feet per second. The Maple River reach was surveyed four times, and discharges ranged from 16.4 to 633 cubic feet per second. Water-surface elevation differences from upstream to downstream in the reaches ranged from 0.33 feet in the Red River of the North reach to 9.4 feet in the Maple River reach.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161139","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Fargo Diversion Board of Authority","usgsCitation":"Damschen, W.C., and Galloway, J.M., 2016, Water-surface elevation and discharge measurement data for the Red River of the North and its tributaries near Fargo, North Dakota, water years 2014–15: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1139, 16 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161139.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-074364","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327822,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1139/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":327823,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1139/ofr20161139.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016–1139"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","city":"Fargo","otherGeospatial":"Maple River, Red River of the North, Sheyenne River, Wild Rice River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97,\n 46.6667\n ],\n [\n -97,\n 47.10378387099161\n ],\n [\n -96.6667,\n 47.10378387099161\n ],\n [\n -96.6667,\n 46.6667\n ],\n [\n -97,\n 46.6667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, North Dakota Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
821 E Interstate Ave
Bismarck, ND 58503
In 2007, the California Ocean Protection Council initiated the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP), designed to create a comprehensive seafloor map of high-resolution bathymetry, marine benthic habitats, and geology within the 3-nautical-mile limit of California’s State Waters. The CSMP approach is to create highly detailed seafloor maps through collection, integration, interpretation, and visualization of swath bathymetry data, acoustic backscatter, seafloor video, seafloor photography, high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom-sediment sampling data. The map products display seafloor morphology and character, identify potential marine benthic habitats, and illustrate both the surficial seafloor geology and shallow subsurface geology.
The Offshore of Monterey map area in central California is located on the Pacific Coast, about 120 km south of San Francisco. Incorporated cities in the map area include Seaside, Monterey, Marina, Pacific Grove, Carmel-by-the-Sea, and Sand City. The local economy receives significant resources from tourism, as well as from the Federal Government. Tourist attractions include the Monterey Bay Aquarium, Cannery Row, Fisherman’s Wharf, and the many golf courses near Pebble Beach, and the area serves as a gateway to the spectacular scenery and outdoor activities along the Big Sur coast to the south. Federal facilities include the Army’s Defense Language Institute, the Naval Postgraduate School, and the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (operated by the Navy). In 1994, Fort Ord army base, located between Seaside and Marina, was closed; much of former army base land now makes up the Fort Ord National Monument, managed by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management as part of the National Landscape Conservation System. In addition, part of the old Fort Ord is now occupied by California State University, Monterey Bay.
The offshore part of the map area lies entirely within the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, one of the nation’s largest marine sanctuaries. State beaches and parks within the map area include Fort Ord Dunes State Park and the Marina, Monterey, and Asilomar State Beaches, as well as Carmel River State Beach, which includes the Carmel River Lagoon and Wetland Natural Preserve. The map area also includes all or part of several State Marine Protected Areas, including the Carmel Pinnacles, Asilomar, and Lovers Point–Julia Platt State Marine Reserves, as well as the Carmel Bay, Pacific Grove Marine Gardens, Edward F. Ricketts, and Portuguese Ledge State Marine Conservation Areas.
The coastal zone in the map area is characterized by two distinct physiographies. From Marina to Monterey, sandy beaches are backed by a belt of sand dunes, as much as 30 to 40 m high and as wide as 8 km. The Salinas River supplies the sand for the beaches and dunes. Nearshore sediment transport is primarily to the south, in the southern Monterey littoral cell.
Along the Monterey peninsula, which lies at the north end of the rugged Santa Lucia Range, coastal relief is very different. The peninsula is characterized largely by low marine terraces that formed mostly on hard and relatively stable granitic bedrock. Carmel Beach in Carmel-by-the-Sea is the longest continuous beach in this area; bedrock points and small pocket beaches characterize most of the rest of the peninsula. The Carmel River littoral cell extends along the coast from Point Pinos to Point Lobos (just south of the map area), including Carmel Beach; sediment transport is primarily to the south.
The granitic rocks that crop out so prominently along the Monterey peninsula make up part of the Salinian block, a crustal terrane that in this area lies west of the San Andreas Fault and east of the San Gregorio Fault. The strike-slip San Andreas Fault Zone, which lies just 26 km east of the map area, is the most important structure within the Pacific–North American transform plate boundary. The San Gregorio Fault, a secondary fault within the distributed plate boundary, cuts through (and is roughly aligned with) Carmel Canyon, a submarine canyon in the southwest corner of the map area that is part of the Monterey Canyon system. The San Gregorio Fault Zone is part of a fault system that is present predominantly in the offshore for about 400 km, from Point Conception in the south (where it is known as the Hosgri Fault) to Bolinas and Point Reyes in the north.
The offshore part of the map area primarily consists of relatively flat continental shelf, bounded on the west by the steep flanks of Carmel Canyon. Shelf width varies from 2 to 3 km in the southern part of the map area, near the mouth of Carmel Canyon, to 14 km in Monterey Bay. Bedrock beneath the shelf is overlain in many areas by variable amounts (0 to 16 m) of upper Quaternary shelf and nearshore sediments deposited as sea level fluctuated in the late Pleistocene. “Soft-induration,” unconsolidated sediment is the dominant (about 63 percent) habitat type on the continental shelf, followed by “hard-induration” rock and boulders (about 34 percent) and “mixed-induration” substrate (about 3 percent). At water depths of about 100 to 130 m, the shelf break approximates the shoreline during the sea-level lowstand of the Last Glacial Maximum, about 21,000 years ago.
Carmel Canyon and other parts of the Monterey Canyon system in the map area extend from the shelf break to water depths that reach 1,600 m. Most of the extensive incision of the shelf break and canyon flanks probably occurred during repeated Quaternary sea-level lowstands. The relatively straight floor of Carmel Canyon notably is aligned with the San Gregorio Fault Zone. Mixed hard-soft substrate is the most common (about 51 percent) habitat type in Carmel Canyon; hard bedrock and soft, unconsolidated sediment cover about 40 percent and 9 percent of canyon habitat, respectively.
This part of the central California coast is exposed to large North Pacific swells from the northwest throughout the year. Wave heights range from 2 to 10 m, the larger swells occurring from October to May. During El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, winter storms track farther south than they do in normal (non-ENSO) years, thereby impacting the map area more frequently and with waves of larger heights.
Benthic species observed in the map area are natives of the cold-temperate biogeographic zone that is called either the “Oregonian province” or the “northern California ecoregion.” This biogeographic province is maintained by the long-term stability of the southward-flowing California Current, the eastern limb of the North Pacific subtropical gyre that flows from southern British Columbia to Baja California.
Biological productivity resulting from coastal upwelling supports populations of Sooty Shearwater, Western Gull, Common Murre, Cassin’s Auklet, and many other less populous bird species. An observable recovery of Humpback and Blue Whales has occurred in the area; both species are dependent on coastal upwelling to provide nutrients. The large extent of exposed inner shelf bedrock supports large forests of “bull kelp,” which is well adapted for high-wave-energy environments. The kelp beds are well-known habitat for the population of southern sea otters. Common fish species found in the kelp beds and rocky reefs include lingcod and various species of rockfish and greenling.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161110","usgsCitation":"Johnson, S.Y., Dartnell, P., Hartwell, S.R., Cochrane, G.R., Golden, N.E., Watt, J.T., Davenport, C.W., Kvitek, R.G., Erdey, M.D., Krigsman, L.M., Sliter, R.W., and Maier, K.L. (S.Y. Johnson and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2016, California State Waters Map Series — Offshore of Monterey, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1110, pamphlet 44 p., 10 sheets, scale 1:24,000, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161110.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 44 p. 10 Sheets: 66.00 x 36.00 or smaller; Dataset; Metadata","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-072255","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438573,"rank":23,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F70Z71C8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog--Offshore of Monterey, California"},{"id":326510,"rank":5,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20161024","text":"Open-File Report 2016–1024","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Santa Cruz, California, by Guy R. Cochrane and others."},{"id":326509,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20151191","text":"Open-File Report 2015–1191","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Scott Creek, California, by Guy R. Cochrane and others."},{"id":326511,"rank":6,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20161025","text":"Open-File Report 2016–1025","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Aptos, California, by Guy R. Cochrane and others."},{"id":326508,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20151232","text":"Open-File Report 2015–1232","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Pigeon Point, California, by Guy R. Cochrane and others."},{"id":326512,"rank":7,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20161072","text":"Open-File Report 2016–1072","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Monterey Canyon and Vicinity, California, by Peter Dartnell and others."},{"id":399110,"rank":22,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_104532.htm"},{"id":326526,"rank":21,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/ofr20161110_sheet10.pdf","text":"Sheet 10","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1110 Sheet 10 PDF","linkHelpText":"Offshore and Onshore Geology and Geomorphology, Offshore of Monterey Map Area, California By Stephen R. Hartwell, Samuel Y. Johnson, Clifton W. Davenport, and Janet T. Watt"},{"id":326522,"rank":17,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/ofr20161110_sheet6.pdf","text":"Sheet 6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1110 Sheet 6 PDF","linkHelpText":"Ground-Truth Studies, Offshore of Monterey Map Area, California By Nadine E. Golden, Guy R. Cochrane, and Lisa M. Krigsman"},{"id":326520,"rank":15,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/ofr20161110_sheet4.pdf","text":"Sheet 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1110 Sheet 4 PDF","linkHelpText":"Data Integration and Visualization, Offshore of Monterey Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell"},{"id":326519,"rank":14,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/ofr20161110_sheet3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1110 Sheet 3 PDF","linkHelpText":"Acoustic Backscatter, Offshore of Monterey Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell and Rikk G. Kvitek"},{"id":326518,"rank":13,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/ofr20161110_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1110 Sheet 2 PDF","linkHelpText":"Shaded-Relief Bathymetry, Offshore of Monterey Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell and Rikk G. Kvitek"},{"id":326515,"rank":10,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/ofr20161110_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1110 Pamphlet PDF"},{"id":326506,"rank":1,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/","text":"Data Series 781","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog"},{"id":326525,"rank":20,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/ofr20161110_sheet9.pdf","text":"Sheet 9","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1110 Sheet 9 PDF","linkHelpText":"Local (Offshore of Monterey Map Area) and Regional (Offshore from Pigeon Point to Southern Monterey Bay) Shallow-Subsurface Geology and Structure, California By Samuel Y. Johnson, Stephen R. Hartwell, Janet T. Watt, Ray W. Sliter, and Katherine L. Maier"},{"id":326523,"rank":18,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/ofr20161110_sheet7.pdf","text":"Sheet 7","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1110 Sheet 7 PDF","linkHelpText":"Marine Benthic Habitats from the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard, Offshore of Monterey Map Area, California By Guy R. Cochrane, Stephen R. Hartwell, and Samuel Y. Johnson"},{"id":326521,"rank":16,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/ofr20161110_sheet5.pdf","text":"Sheet 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1110 Sheet 5 PDF","linkHelpText":"Seafloor Character, Offshore of Monterey Map Area, California By Mercedes D. Erdey and Guy R. Cochrane"},{"id":326524,"rank":19,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/ofr20161110_sheet8.pdf","text":"Sheet 8","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1110 Sheet 8 PDF","linkHelpText":"Seismic-Reflection Profiles, Offshore of Monterey Map Area, California By Janet T. Watt, Samuel Y. Johnson, Stephen R. Hartwell, and Ray W. Sliter"},{"id":326517,"rank":12,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/ofr20161110_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1110 Sheet 1 PDF","linkHelpText":"Colored Shaded-Relief Bathymetry, Offshore of Monterey Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell and Rikk G. Kvitek"},{"id":326507,"rank":2,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3306/","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3306","linkHelpText":"California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of San Gregorio, California, by Guy R. Cochrane and others."},{"id":326514,"rank":9,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/ofr20161110_metadata.html"},{"id":326516,"rank":11,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1110/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":326513,"rank":8,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F70Z71C8","text":"Data Catalog","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"linkHelpText":"The GIS data layers for this map are accessible from “California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Monterey, California” which is part of California State Waters Map Series Data Catalog. Each GIS data file is listed with a brief description, a small image, and links to the metadata files and the downloadable data files."}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Monterey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.0628,\n 36.69\n ],\n [\n -122.0628,\n 36.5319\n ],\n [\n -121.7853,\n 36.5319\n ],\n [\n -121.7853,\n 36.69\n ],\n [\n -122.0628,\n 36.69\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Contact Information
Pacific Coastal & Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Pacific Science Center
2885 Mission St.
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"publishedDate":"2016-08-18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b6ce28e4b03fd6b7d919cc","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Johnson, Samuel Y. 0000-0001-7972-9977 sjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7972-9977","contributorId":2607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Samuel","email":"sjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645522,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cochran, Susan A. 0000-0002-2442-8787 scochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2442-8787","contributorId":2062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Susan A.","email":"scochran@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645523,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Samuel Y. 0000-0001-7972-9977 sjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7972-9977","contributorId":2607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Samuel","email":"sjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dartnell, Peter 0000-0002-9554-729X pdartnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-729X","contributorId":2688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"Peter","email":"pdartnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartwell, Stephen R. 0000-0002-3522-7526 shartwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3522-7526","contributorId":4995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartwell","given":"Stephen","email":"shartwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cochrane, Guy R. 0000-0002-8094-4583 gcochrane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-4583","contributorId":2870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochrane","given":"Guy","email":"gcochrane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Golden, Nadine E. 0000-0001-6007-6486 ngolden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6007-6486","contributorId":138974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"Nadine","email":"ngolden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Watt, Janet 0000-0002-4759-3814 jwatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4759-3814","contributorId":146222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"Janet","email":"jwatt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Davenport, Clifton W.","contributorId":172491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davenport","given":"Clifton","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12640,"text":"California Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kvitek, Rikk G.","contributorId":44099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvitek","given":"Rikk","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Erdey, Mercedes D. merdey@usgs.gov","contributorId":5411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erdey","given":"Mercedes","email":"merdey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Krigsman, Lisa M.","contributorId":43642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krigsman","given":"Lisa M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sliter, Ray W. 0000-0003-0337-3454 rsliter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-3454","contributorId":1992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"Ray","email":"rsliter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Maier, Katherine L.","contributorId":91411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maier","given":"Katherine L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70175123,"text":"ofr20161121 - 2016 - U.S. Geological Survey science strategy for highly pathogenic avian influenza in wildlife and the environment (2016–2020)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T15:01:32","indexId":"ofr20161121","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-18T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1121","title":"U.S. Geological Survey science strategy for highly pathogenic avian influenza in wildlife and the environment (2016–2020)","docAbstract":"
Through the Science Strategy for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in Wildlife and the Environment, the USGS will assess avian influenza (AI) dynamics in an ecological context to inform decisions made by resource managers and policymakers from the local to national level. Through collection of unbiased scientific information on the ecology of AI viruses and wildlife hosts in a changing world, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) will enhance the development of AI forecasting tools and ensure this information is integrated with a quality decision process for managing HPAI.
The overall goal of this USGS Science Strategy for HPAI in Wildlife and the Environment goes beyond documenting the occurrence and distribution of AI viruses in wild birds. The USGS aims to understand the epidemiological processes and environmental factors that influence HPAI distribution and describe the mechanisms of transmission between wild birds and poultry. USGS scientists developed a conceptual model describing the process linking HPAI dispersal in wild waterfowl to the outbreaks in poultry. This strategy focuses on five long-term science goals, which include:
These goals will help define and describe the processes outlined in the conceptual model with the ultimate goal of facilitating biosecurity and minimizing transfer of diseases across the wildlife-poultry interface. The first four science goals are focused on scientific discovery and the fifth goal is application-based. Decision analyses in the fifth goal will guide prioritization of proposed actions in the first four goals.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161121","usgsCitation":"Harris, M.C., Pearce, J.M., Prosser, D.J., White, C.L., Miles, A.K., Sleeman, J.M., Brand, C.J., Cronin, J.P., De La Cruz, S., Densmore, C.L., Doyle, T.W., Dusek, R.J., Fleskes, J.P., Flint, P.L., Guala, G.F., Hall, J.S., Hubbard, L.E., Hunt, R.J., Ip, H.S., Katz, R.A., Laurent, K.W., Miller, M.P., Munn, M.D., Ramey, A.M., Richards, K.D., Russell, R.E., Stokdyk, J.P., Takekawa, J.Y., and Walsh, D.P., 2016, U.S. Geological Survey science strategy for highly pathogenic avian influenza in wildlife and the environment (2016–2020): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1121, 38 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161121.","productDescription":"v, 38 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070395","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326589,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1121/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":326590,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1121/ofr20161121.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.77 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1121"}],"country":"United States","contact":"Associate Director for Ecosystems
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
https://www2.usgs.gov/ecosystems/
This report provides an overview of the capabilities and design of Hydra, the global seismic monitoring and analysis system used for earthquake response and catalog production at the U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC). Hydra supports the NEIC’s worldwide earthquake monitoring mission in areas such as seismic event detection, seismic data insertion and storage, seismic data processing and analysis, and seismic data output.
The Hydra system automatically identifies seismic phase arrival times and detects the occurrence of earthquakes in near-real time. The system integrates and inserts parametric and waveform seismic data into discrete events in a database for analysis. Hydra computes seismic event parameters, including locations, multiple magnitudes, moment tensors, and depth estimates. Hydra supports the NEIC’s 24/7 analyst staff with a suite of seismic analysis graphical user interfaces.
In addition to the NEIC’s monitoring needs, the system supports the processing of aftershock and temporary deployment data, and supports the NEIC’s quality assurance procedures. The Hydra system continues to be developed to expand its seismic analysis and monitoring capabilities.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161128","usgsCitation":"Patton, J.M., Guy, M.R., Benz, H.M., Buland, R.P., Erickson, B.K., and Kragness, D.S., 2016, Hydra—The National Earthquake Information Center’s 24/7 seismic monitoring, analysis, catalog production, quality analysis, and special studies tool suite: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1128, 28 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161128. ","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-074998","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326763,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1128/ofr20161128.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.76 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1128"},{"id":326762,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1128/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Geologic Hazards Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 966
Denver, CO 80225-0046
http://geohazards.cr.usgs.gov/
","tableOfContents":"