The Delta is the deteriorating, fragile hub of California’s water supply system. Critical decisions about its future are pending.
\nThis publication is part of a briefing kit that highlights the state’s most pressing water management issues in nine key areas:
\nClimate change and water
Managing droughts
Paying for water
Preparing for floods
The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta
Storing water
Water for cities
Water for the environment
Water for farms
A modeling approach that was used to predict the toxicity of dissolved single and multiple metals to trout is extended to stream benthic macroinvertebrates, freshwater zooplankton, and Daphnia magna. The approach predicts the accumulation of toxicants (H, Al, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in organisms using 3 equilibrium accumulation models that define interactions between dissolved cations and biological receptors (biotic ligands). These models differ in the structure of the receptors and include a 2-site biotic ligand model, a bidentate biotic ligand or 2-pKa model, and a humic acid model. The predicted accumulation of toxicants is weighted using toxicant-specific coefficients and incorporated into a toxicity function called Tox, which is then related to observed mortality or invertebrate community richness using a logistic equation. All accumulation models provide reasonable fits to metal concentrations in tissue samples of stream invertebrates. Despite the good fits, distinct differences in the magnitude of toxicant accumulation and biotic ligand speciation exist among the models for a given solution composition. However, predicted biological responses are similar among the models because there are interdependencies among model parameters in the accumulation–Tox models. To illustrate potential applications of the approaches, the 3 accumulation–Tox models for natural stream invertebrates are used in Monte Carlo simulations to predict the probability of adverse impacts in catchments of differing geology in central Colorado (USA); to link geology, water chemistry, and biological response; and to demonstrate how this approach can be used to screen for potential risks associated with resource development.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.2824","usgsCitation":"Balistrieri, L.S., Mebane, C.A., Schmidt, T., and Keller, W., 2015, Expanding metal mixture toxicity models to natural stream and lake invertebrate communities: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 34, no. 4, p. 761-776, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2824.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"761","endPage":"776","ipdsId":"IP-052806","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d13a3be4b0571647cf8dd1","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/etc.2824","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2824","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Balistrieri Laurie S., Mebane Christopher A., Schmidt Travis S., Keller Wendel Bill","journalName":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","publicationDate":"3/11/2015","auditedOn":"1/11/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balistrieri, Laurie S. 0000-0002-6359-3849 balistri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6359-3849","contributorId":1406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balistrieri","given":"Laurie","email":"balistri@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mebane, Christopher A. 0000-0002-9089-0267 cmebane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-0267","contributorId":110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"Christopher","email":"cmebane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, Travis S. 0000-0003-1400-0637 tschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-0637","contributorId":1300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Travis S.","email":"tschmidt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keller, William (Bill)","contributorId":174373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keller","given":"William (Bill)","affiliations":[{"id":27441,"text":"Cooperative Freshwater Ecology Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70154787,"text":"70154787 - 2015 - Understanding the Day Cent model: Calibration, sensitivity, and identifiability through inverse modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T12:57:58","indexId":"70154787","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding the Day Cent model: Calibration, sensitivity, and identifiability through inverse modeling","docAbstract":"The ability of biogeochemical ecosystem models to represent agro-ecosystems depends on their correct integration with field observations. We report simultaneous calibration of 67 DayCent model parameters using multiple observation types through inverse modeling using the PEST parameter estimation software. Parameter estimation reduced the total sum of weighted squared residuals by 56% and improved model fit to crop productivity, soil carbon, volumetric soil water content, soil temperature, N2O, and soil3NO− compared to the default simulation. Inverse modeling substantially reduced predictive model error relative to the default model for all model predictions, except for soil 3NO− and 4NH+. Post-processing analyses provided insights into parameter–observation relationships based on parameter correlations, sensitivity and identifiability. Inverse modeling tools are shown to be a powerful way to systematize and accelerate the process of biogeochemical model interrogation, improving our understanding of model function and the underlying ecosystem biogeochemical processes that they represent.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.011","usgsCitation":"Necpalova, M., Anex, R.P., Fienen, M., Del Grosso, S.J., Castellano, M.J., Sawyer, J.E., Iqbal, J., Pantoja, J.L., and Barker, D.W., 2015, Understanding the Day Cent model: Calibration, sensitivity, and identifiability through inverse modeling: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 66, p. 110-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.011.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"130","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061436","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305576,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ef48e4b0bc0bec09f011","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Necpalova, Magdalena","contributorId":145476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Necpalova","given":"Magdalena","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16128,"text":"Department of Biological System Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anex, Robert P.","contributorId":101198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anex","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Del Grosso, Stephen J.","contributorId":145477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Del Grosso","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16129,"text":"Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Castellano, Michael J.","contributorId":145478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castellano","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sawyer, John E.","contributorId":145479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Iqbal, Javed","contributorId":145480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iqbal","given":"Javed","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pantoja, Jose L.","contributorId":145481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pantoja","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barker, Daniel W.","contributorId":145482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barker","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70159322,"text":"70159322 - 2015 - Diverse juvenile life-history behaviours contribute to the spawning stock of an anadromous fish population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T10:09:16","indexId":"70159322","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diverse juvenile life-history behaviours contribute to the spawning stock of an anadromous fish population","docAbstract":"Habitat quality often varies substantially across space and time, producing a shifting mosaic of growth and mortality trade-offs across watersheds. Traditional studies of juvenile habitat use have emphasised the evolution of single optimal strategies that maximise recruitment to adulthood and eventual fitness. However, linking the distribution of individual behaviours that contribute to recruitment at the population level has been elusive, particularly for highly fecund aquatic organisms. We examined juvenile habitat use within a population of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) that spawn in a watershed consisting of two interconnected lakes and a marine lagoon. Otolith microchemical analysis revealed that the productive headwater lake accounted for about half of juvenile growth for those individuals surviving to spawn in a single river in the upper watershed. However, 47% of adults had achieved more than half of their juvenile growth in the downstream less productive lake, and 3% of individuals migrated to the estuarine environment during their first summer and returned to freshwater to overwinter before migrating back to sea. These results describe a diversity of viable habitat-use strategies by juvenile sockeye salmon that may buffer the population against poor conditions in any single rearing environment, reduce density-dependent mortality and have implications for the designation of critical habitat for conservation purposes. A network of accessible alternative habitats providing trade-offs in growth and survival may be important for long-term viability of populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12135","usgsCitation":"Walsworth, T.E., Schindler, D.E., Griffiths, J.R., and Zimmerman, C.E., 2015, Diverse juvenile life-history behaviours contribute to the spawning stock of an anadromous fish population: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 24, p. 204-213, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12135.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"204","endPage":"213","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051242","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310362,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chignik Lake system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -159.1094970703125,\n 56.22579478256016\n ],\n [\n -159.1094970703125,\n 56.49813356805866\n ],\n [\n -158.4132385253906,\n 56.49813356805866\n ],\n [\n -158.4132385253906,\n 56.22579478256016\n ],\n [\n -159.1094970703125,\n 56.22579478256016\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562a08bae4b011227bf1fd47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walsworth, Timothy E.","contributorId":149336,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walsworth","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13190,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schindler, Daniel E.","contributorId":83485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schindler","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffiths, Jennifer R.","contributorId":149337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffiths","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13190,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159878,"text":"70159878 - 2015 - Slab melting beneath the Cascades Arc driven by dehydration of altered oceanic peridotite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-03T10:07:20","indexId":"70159878","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slab melting beneath the Cascades Arc driven by dehydration of altered oceanic peridotite","docAbstract":"Water is returned to Earth’s interior at subduction zones. However, the processes and pathways by which water leaves the subducting plate and causes melting beneath volcanic arcs are complex; the source of the water—subducting sediment, altered oceanic crust, or hydrated mantle in the downgoing plate—is debated; and the role of slab temperature is unclear. Here we analyse the hydrogen-isotope and trace-element signature of melt inclusions in ash samples from the Cascade Arc, where young, hot lithosphere subducts. Comparing these data with published analyses, we find that fluids in the Cascade magmas are sourced from deeper parts of the subducting slab—hydrated mantle peridotite in the slab interior—compared with fluids in magmas from the Marianas Arc, where older, colder lithosphere subducts. We use geodynamic modelling to show that, in the hotter subduction zone, the upper crust of the subducting slab rapidly dehydrates at shallow depths. With continued subduction, fluids released from the deeper plate interior migrate into the dehydrated parts, causing those to melt. These melts in turn migrate into the overlying mantle wedge, where they trigger further melting. Our results provide a physical model to explain melting of the subducted plate and mass transfer from the slab to the mantle beneath arcs where relatively young oceanic lithosphere is subducted.
","language":"English","publisher":"MacMillan Publishers Limited","doi":"10.1038/NGEO2417","usgsCitation":"Walowski, K., Wallace, P., Hauri, E., Wada, I., and Clynne, M.A., 2015, Slab melting beneath the Cascades Arc driven by dehydration of altered oceanic peridotite: Nature Geoscience, v. 8, p. 404-408, https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2417.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"404","endPage":"408","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057922","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311851,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Arc","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.4091796875,\n 40.12849105685408\n ],\n [\n -124.4091796875,\n 47.29413372501023\n ],\n [\n -118.89404296875,\n 47.29413372501023\n ],\n [\n -118.89404296875,\n 40.12849105685408\n ],\n [\n -124.4091796875,\n 40.12849105685408\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566175e0e4b06a3ea36c56e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walowski, Kristina J","contributorId":150156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walowski","given":"Kristina J","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wallace, Paul J.","contributorId":29308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Paul J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hauri, E.H.","contributorId":66009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauri","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wada, I.","contributorId":150157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wada","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17923,"text":"Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clynne, Michael A. 0000-0002-4220-2968 mclynne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-2968","contributorId":2032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"Michael","email":"mclynne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70191460,"text":"70191460 - 2015 - Predicting ecological responses of the Florida Everglades to possible future climate scenarios: Introduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-13T10:51:03","indexId":"70191460","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting ecological responses of the Florida Everglades to possible future climate scenarios: Introduction","docAbstract":"Florida’s Everglades stretch from the headwaters of the Kissimmee River near Orlando to Florida Bay. Under natural conditions in this flat landscape, water flowed slowly downstream as broad, shallow sheet flow. The ecosystem is markedly different now, altered by nutrient pollution and construction of canals, levees, and water control structures designed for flood control and water supply. These alterations have resulted in a 50 % reduction of the ecosystem’s spatial extent and significant changes in ecological function in the remaining portion. One of the world’s largest restoration programs is underway to restore some of the historic hydrologic and ecological functions of the Everglades, via a multi-billion dollar Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. This plan, finalized in 2000, did not explicitly consider climate change effects, yet today we realize that sea level rise and future changes in rainfall (RF), temperature, and evapotranspiration (ET) may have system-wide impacts. This series of papers describes results of a workshop where a regional hydrologic model was used to simulate the hydrology expected in 2060 with climate changes including increased temperature, ET, and sea level, and either an increase or decrease in RF. Ecologists with expertise in various areas of the ecosystem evaluated the hydrologic outputs, drew conclusions about potential ecosystem responses, and identified research needs where projections of response had high uncertainty. Resource managers participated in the workshop, and they present lessons learned regarding how the new information might be used to guide Everglades restoration in the context of climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-014-0439-z","usgsCitation":"Aumen, N.G., Havens, K.E., Best, G.R., and Berry, L., 2015, Predicting ecological responses of the Florida Everglades to possible future climate scenarios: Introduction: Environmental Management, v. 55, no. 4, p. 741-748, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-014-0439-z.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"741","endPage":"748","ipdsId":"IP-051181","costCenters":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346566,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Everglades ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.69958496093749,\n 25.06569718553588\n ],\n [\n -79.903564453125,\n 25.06569718553588\n ],\n [\n -79.903564453125,\n 27.508271413876017\n ],\n [\n -82.69958496093749,\n 27.508271413876017\n ],\n [\n -82.69958496093749,\n 25.06569718553588\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e1d09ae4b05fe04cd117c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aumen, Nicholas G. 0000-0002-5277-2630 naumen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5277-2630","contributorId":5418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aumen","given":"Nicholas","email":"naumen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13415,"text":"Everglades National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":712352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Havens, Karl E","contributorId":197036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Havens","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Best, G. Ronnie ronnie_best@usgs.gov","contributorId":4282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Best","given":"G.","email":"ronnie_best@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ronnie","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berry, Leonard","contributorId":119091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Leonard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70194175,"text":"70194175 - 2015 - Evaluating physical habitat and water chemistry data from statewide stream monitoring programs to establish least-impacted conditions in Washington State","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-18T10:48:30","indexId":"70194175","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"title":"Evaluating physical habitat and water chemistry data from statewide stream monitoring programs to establish least-impacted conditions in Washington State","docAbstract":"Various GIS-generated land-use predictor variables, physical habitat metrics, and water chemistry variables from 75 reference streams and 351 randomly sampled sites throughout Washington State were evaluated for effectiveness at discriminating reference from random sites within level III ecoregions. A combination of multivariate clustering and ordination techniques were used.
We describe average observed conditions for a subset of predictor variables as well as proposing statistical criteria for establishing reference conditions for stream habitat in Washington. Using these criteria, we determined whether any of the random sites met expectations for reference condition and whether any of the established reference sites failed to meet expectations for reference condition. Establishing these criteria will set a benchmark from which future data will be compared.
In order for natural resource managers to better understand conflicting landowner perspectives related to non-motorized, motorized, and personal watercraft use, this study examines the demographic and experiential characteristics, values, attitudes, and beliefs of landowners in the Saranac Lakes area of the Adirondack Park in New York State. A mixed-methods approach, composed of 20 in-depth interviews with land managers and a mail survey of 1000 landowners, was used. Three path analyses were completed, one for each type of boat use. Results indicate that resource-related values influence beliefs and attitudes related to boat use, supporting the cognitive hierarchy model of human behavior (Fulton, D. C., Manfredo, M. J., & Lipscomb, J. (1996). Wildlife value orientations: a conceptual and measurement approach. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 1, 24–47). In addition, length of residence in the area, past participation in non-motorized and motorized boating, age, and education were found to influence attitudes towards certain types of boating. The results of this study can be used by natural resource managers to identify management strategies that better address the values and recreational interests of landowners.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2015.04.003","usgsCitation":"Kuehn, D., Schuster, R., and Nordman, E., 2015, Landowner perceptions of three types of boating in the Saranac Lakes area of New York State׳s Adirondack Park: Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, v. 9, p. 53-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2015.04.003.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"63","ipdsId":"IP-056174","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346882,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Adirondack Park, Saranac Lakes area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.41864013671875,\n 44.201897151875094\n ],\n [\n -74.0643310546875,\n 44.201897151875094\n ],\n [\n -74.0643310546875,\n 44.38325649413712\n ],\n [\n -74.41864013671875,\n 44.38325649413712\n ],\n [\n -74.41864013671875,\n 44.201897151875094\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e8683ce4b05fe04cd4d23d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuehn, Diane","contributorId":172900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuehn","given":"Diane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuster, Rudy 0000-0003-2353-8500 schusterr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-8500","contributorId":3119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Rudy","email":"schusterr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":713373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordman, Erik","contributorId":197382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nordman","given":"Erik","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70192864,"text":"70192864 - 2015 - Masked expression of life-history traits in a highly variable environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T11:23:01","indexId":"70192864","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1859,"text":"Great Plains Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Masked expression of life-history traits in a highly variable environment","docAbstract":"Differing life-history strategies may act as a constraint on reproductive expression that ultimately limits the ability of individual species to respond to changes in the magnitude or frequency of environmental variation, and potentially underlies the variation often inherent in phenotypic and evolved responses to anthropogenic change. Alternatively, if there are environmental cues that predict reproductive potential, differential expression of life-history strategies may represent differences in the adaptive capacity to optimize current reproductive value given variation in environmental conditions. We compared several aspects of walleye Sander vitreus spawning ecology at two reservoirs that differ in environmental variability (i.e., annual water-level fluctuation) to identify the capacity of phenotypic expression and the corresponding association with age. Despite significant differences in female body and liver masses between reservoirs that differ in environmental variability, we found no difference in reproductive investment measured by egg size and fecundity. Walleye in a highly variable environment appear to exhibit reproductive traits more typical of a short-lived life-history strategy, which may be resultant from the interaction of environmental and anthropogenic pressures. This finding emphasizes the need to identify the degree to which life-history expression represents physiological constraints versus ecological optimization, particularly as anthropogenic change continues to alter environmental conditions.
A suite of analytical tools was applied to thoroughly analyze the chemical composition of an oil/gas well flowback water from the Denver–Julesburg (DJ) basin in Colorado, and the water quality data was translated to propose effective treatment solutions tailored to specific reuse goals. Analysis included bulk quality parameters, trace organic and inorganic constituents, and organic matter characterization. The flowback sample contained salts (TDS = 22,500 mg/L), metals (e.g., iron at 81.4 mg/L) and high concentration of dissolved organic matter (DOC = 590 mgC/L). The organic matter comprised fracturing fluid additives such as surfactants (e.g., linear alkyl ethoxylates) and high levels of acetic acid (an additives' degradation product), indicating the anthropogenic impact on this wastewater. Based on the water quality results and preliminary treatability tests, the removal of suspended solids and iron by aeration/precipitation (and/or filtration) followed by disinfection was identified as appropriate for flowback recycling in future fracturing operations. In addition to these treatments, a biological treatment (to remove dissolved organic matter) followed by reverse osmosis desalination was determined to be necessary to attain water quality standards appropriate for other water reuse options (e.g., crop irrigation). The study provides a framework for evaluating site-specific hydraulic fracturing wastewaters, proposing a suite of analytical methods for characterization, and a process for guiding the choice of a tailored treatment approach.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.043","usgsCitation":"Lester, Y., Ferrer, I., Thurman, E.M., Sitterley, K.A., Korak, J.A., Aiken, G.R., and Linden, K.G., 2015, Characterization of hydraulic fracturing flowback water in Colorado: Implications for water treatment: Science of the Total Environment, v. 512-513, p. 637-644, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.043.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"637","endPage":"644","ipdsId":"IP-062886","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343870,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","volume":"512-513","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5969d82de4b0d1f9f060a1a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lester, Yaal","contributorId":194687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lester","given":"Yaal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferrer, Imma","contributorId":68606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrer","given":"Imma","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thurman, E. Michael","contributorId":9636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sitterley, Kurban A.","contributorId":194688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sitterley","given":"Kurban","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Korak, Julie A.","contributorId":194689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Korak","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Linden, Karl G.","contributorId":194690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Linden","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70128553,"text":"sir20145147 - 2015 - Sources of fine-grained sediment in the Linganore Creek watershed, Frederick and Carroll Counties, Maryland, 2008-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-09T18:06:31.379062","indexId":"sir20145147","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-31T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5147","title":"Sources of fine-grained sediment in the Linganore Creek watershed, Frederick and Carroll Counties, Maryland, 2008-10","docAbstract":"Sediment fingerprinting quantifies the delivery of fine-grained sediment from a watershed and sediment-budget measurements quantify the erosion and deposition of fine-grained sediment. Both approaches were used in the agricultural and forested 147-square-kilometer (km2) Linganore Creek watershed in Maryland from August 1, 2008 through December 31, 2010, to determine the sources of fine-grained (less than 63 microns) sediment, and the amount of fine-grained sediment eroded from and deposited on streambanks, flood plains, channel beds, and agricultural and forested uplands. Sediment-weighted results of sediment fingerprinting for 194 suspended-sediment samples collected during 36 storms indicate that streambanks contributed 52 percent of the annual fine-grained suspended-sediment load, agriculture (cropland and pasture) contributed 45 percent, and forests contributed 3 percent. Fifty-four percent of the Linganore Creek watershed is agriculture and 27 percent is forest.
\nSediment-budget calculations were based on field measurements and photogrammetric analyses and indicated that the highest percentage of fine-grained sediment was eroded from agriculture (86 percent), followed by streambanks (10 percent), forests (3 percent), and the channel bed (less than 1 percent). Results of the sediment budget indicated that the highest percentage of fine-grained sediment was stored in ponds (57 percent), followed by flood plains (32 percent), streambanks (6 percent), and the channel bed (5 percent). Typical of most sediment budgets, the final sediment budget indicated erosion of 4.70 x 107kilograms per year (kg/yr), which is higher than the fine-grained suspended-sediment load leaving the watershed (5.45 x 106kg/yr). The differences in the sediment budget and the measured mass leaving the watershed could be due to an overestimation of erosion using the Cesium-137 method and (or) not adequately defining and measuring storage areas.
\nManagement implications of this study indicate that both agriculture and streambanks are important sources of sediment in Linganore Creek where the delivery of agriculture sediment was 4 percent and the delivery of streambank sediment was 44 percent. Fourth order streambanks, on average, had the highest rates of bank erosion. Combining the sediment fingerprinting and sediment budget results indicates that 96 percent of the eroded fine-grained sediment from agriculture went into storage. Flood plains and ponds are effective storage sites of sediment in the Linganore Creek watershed. Flood plains stored 8 percent of all eroded sediment with 4th and 5th order flood plains, on average, storing the most sediment. Small ponds in the Linganore Creek watershed, which drained 16 percent of the total watershed area, stored 15 percent of all eroded sediment. Channel beds were relatively stable with the greatest erosion generally occurring in 4th and 5th order streams.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145147","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Frederick County, Maryland","usgsCitation":"Gellis, A., Noe, G., Clune, J.W., Myers, M., Hupp, C.R., Schenk, E.R., and Schwarz, G., 2015, Sources of fine-grained sediment in the Linganore Creek watershed, Frederick and Carroll Counties, Maryland, 2008-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5147, Report: vii, 56 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145147.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 56 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-055863","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299230,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145147.jpg"},{"id":299229,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5147/appendix/sir2014-5147_appendices1-13-micron.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1-13","size":"295 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":299227,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5147/"},{"id":299228,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5147/pdf/sir2014-5147.pdf","size":"3.88 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Carroll County, Frederick County","otherGeospatial":"Linganore Creek Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.2998046875,\n 39.36668662525674\n ],\n [\n -77.2998046875,\n 39.534232843612585\n ],\n [\n -77.0529556274414,\n 39.534232843612585\n ],\n [\n -77.0529556274414,\n 39.36668662525674\n ],\n [\n -77.2998046875,\n 39.36668662525674\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bb71ce4b0323842783a30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gellis, Allen C. 0000-0002-3449-2889 agellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-2889","contributorId":1709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellis","given":"Allen C.","email":"agellis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noe, Gregory B. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":2332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clune, John W. 0000-0002-3563-1975 jclune@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-1975","contributorId":864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clune","given":"John","email":"jclune@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Myers, Michael K. mkmyers@usgs.gov","contributorId":5160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"Michael K.","email":"mkmyers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schenk, Edward R. 0000-0001-6886-5754 eschenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-5754","contributorId":2183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Edward","email":"eschenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schwarz, Gregory E. 0000-0002-9239-4566 gschwarz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-4566","contributorId":543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwarz","given":"Gregory E.","email":"gschwarz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5067,"text":"Northeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70169232,"text":"70169232 - 2015 - A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH4 and CO2 production from anoxic soil incubations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-24T13:36:03","indexId":"70169232","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-31T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH4 and CO2 production from anoxic soil incubations","docAbstract":"Permafrost thaw can alter the soil environment through changes in soil moisture, frequently resulting in soil saturation, a shift to anaerobic decomposition, and changes in the plant community. These changes, along with thawing of previously frozen organic material, can alter the form and magnitude of greenhouse gas production from permafrost ecosystems. We synthesized existing methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) production measurements from anaerobic incubations of boreal and tundra soils from the geographic permafrost region to evaluate large-scale controls of anaerobic CO2 and CH4 production and compare the relative importance of landscape-level factors (e.g., vegetation type and landscape position), soil properties (e.g., pH, depth, and soil type), and soil environmental conditions (e.g., temperature and relative water table position). We found fivefold higher maximum CH4 production per gram soil carbon from organic soils than mineral soils. Maximum CH4 production from soils in the active layer (ground that thaws and refreezes annually) was nearly four times that of permafrost per gram soil carbon, and CH4 production per gram soil carbon was two times greater from sites without permafrost than sites with permafrost. Maximum CH4 and median anaerobic CO2 production decreased with depth, while CO2:CH4 production increased with depth. Maximum CH4 production was highest in soils with herbaceous vegetation and soils that were either consistently or periodically inundated. This synthesis identifies the need to consider biome, landscape position, and vascular/moss vegetation types when modeling CH4 production in permafrost ecosystems and suggests the need for longer-term anaerobic incubations to fully capture CH4 dynamics. Our results demonstrate that as climate warms in arctic and boreal regions, rates of anaerobic CO2 and CH4 production will increase, not only as a result of increased temperature, but also from shifts in vegetation and increased ground saturation that will accompany permafrost thaw.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12875","usgsCitation":"Treat, C.C., Natali, S.M., Ernakovich, J., Iverson, C.M., Lupasco, M., McGuire, A.D., Norby, R.J., Roy Chowdhury, T., Richter, A., Santruckova, H., Schädel, C., Schuur, E.A., Sloan, V.L., Turetsky, M.R., and Waldrop, M.P., 2015, A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH4 and CO2 production from anoxic soil incubations: Global Change Biology, v. 21, no. 7, p. 2787-2803, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12875.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2787","endPage":"2803","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057724","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1401374","text":"External Repository"},{"id":319369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Pan-Arctic circle","volume":"21","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50face4b0f59b85e1ea62","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gcb.12875","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12875","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Treat Claire C., Natali Susan M., Ernakovich Jessica, Iversen Colleen M., Lupascu Massimo, McGuire Anthony David, Norby Richard J., Roy Chowdhury Taniya, Richter Andreas, Šantrůčková Hana, Schädel Christina, Schuur Edward A. G., Sloan Victoria L., Turetsky Merritt R., Waldrop Mark P.","journalName":"Global Change Biology","publicationDate":"3/31/2015","auditedOn":"8/18/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Treat, Claire C.","contributorId":96606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Treat","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":25501,"text":"University of Eastern Finland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Natali, Susan M.","contributorId":103160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Natali","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ernakovich, Jessica","contributorId":167833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ernakovich","given":"Jessica","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iverson, Colleen M.","contributorId":167834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iverson","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lupasco, Massimo","contributorId":167835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lupasco","given":"Massimo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":623370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Norby, Richard J. 0000-0002-0238-9828","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0238-9828","contributorId":167836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norby","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roy Chowdhury, Taniya","contributorId":167837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy Chowdhury","given":"Taniya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Richter, Andreas","contributorId":139172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richter","given":"Andreas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12677,"text":"University of Vienna","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Santruckova, Hana","contributorId":167838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santruckova","given":"Hana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Schädel, C.","contributorId":167790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schädel","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Schuur, Edward A.G.","contributorId":50026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuur","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"A.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sloan, Victoria L.","contributorId":167839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sloan","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Turetsky, Merritt R.","contributorId":80980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"Merritt","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Waldrop, Mark P. 0000-0003-1829-7140 mwaldrop@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":1599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"Mark","email":"mwaldrop@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70144678,"text":"70144678 - 2015 - Simulating the effect of climate change on stream temperature in the Trout Lake Watershed, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-31T10:00:55","indexId":"70144678","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-31T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulating the effect of climate change on stream temperature in the Trout Lake Watershed, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"The potential for increases in stream temperature across many spatial and temporal scales as a result of climate change can pose a difficult challenge for environmental managers, especially when addressing thermal requirements for sensitive aquatic species. This study evaluates simulated changes to the thermal regime of three northern Wisconsin streams in response to a projected changing climate using a modeling framework and considers implications of thermal stresses to the fish community. The Stream Network Temperature Model (SNTEMP) was used in combination with a coupled groundwater and surface water flow model to assess forecasts in climate from six global circulation models and three emission scenarios. Model results suggest that annual average stream temperature will steadily increase approximately 1.1 to 3.2 °C (varying by stream) by the year 2100 with differences in magnitude between emission scenarios. Daily mean stream temperature during the months of July and August, a period when cold-water fish communities are most sensitive, showed excursions from optimal temperatures with increased frequency compared to current conditions. Projections of daily mean stream temperature, in some cases, were no longer in the range necessary to sustain a cold water fishery.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.072","usgsCitation":"Selbig, W.R., 2015, Simulating the effect of climate change on stream temperature in the Trout Lake Watershed, Wisconsin: Science of the Total Environment, v. 511-522, p. 11-18, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.072.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062837","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Trout Lake watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.73770141601562,\n 45.96833360206372\n ],\n [\n -89.73770141601562,\n 46.127508077954246\n ],\n [\n -89.5111083984375,\n 46.127508077954246\n ],\n [\n -89.5111083984375,\n 45.96833360206372\n ],\n [\n -89.73770141601562,\n 45.96833360206372\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"511-522","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bb71ce4b0323842783a2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Selbig, William R. 0000-0003-1403-8280 wrselbig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1403-8280","contributorId":877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Selbig","given":"William","email":"wrselbig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70139236,"text":"ds903 - 2015 - Archive of sediment data from vibracores collected in 2010 offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-30T13:48:16","indexId":"ds903","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"903","title":"Archive of sediment data from vibracores collected in 2010 offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands","docAbstract":"In 2010, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center collected sediment cores from coastal waters offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands. With funding support from the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) Ecosystem Change and Hazard Susceptibility project, 65 subaqueous sediment cores were collected over an area of 480 square kilometers (km2), from Ship Island to Petit Bois Island Pass, Mississippi, within the boundary of Gulf Islands National Seashore. This represents only a fraction of the total area encompassed by the NGOM project, which extends from Sabine Lake, Louisiana, to Perdido Bay, Alabama. The primary objectives of the NGOM project are to understand the evolution of coastal ecosystems on the northern gulf coast, the impact of human activities on these ecosystems, and the vulnerability of ecosystems and human communities to more frequent and intense hurricanes in the future.
\nSelection of the core site locations was based on geophysical surveys conducted around the islands from 2008 to 2010. The surveys, using acoustic systems to image and interpret the nearsurface stratigraphy, were conducted to investigate the geologic controls on island evolution. This data series serves as an archive of sediment data collected from August to September 2010, offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands. Data products, including descriptive core logs, core photographs, results of sediment grain-size analyses, sample location maps, and geographic information system (GIS) data files with accompanying formal Federal Geographic Data Committee (FDGC) metadata can be downloaded from the data products and downloads page.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds903","usgsCitation":"Kelso, K.W., and Flocks, J.G., 2015, Archive of sediment data from vibracores collected in 2010 offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 903, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds903.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","ipdsId":"IP-055663","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299140,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds903.jpg"},{"id":299139,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0903/html/ds903_abstract.html","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Report"},{"id":299130,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0903/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi barrier islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.20074462890625,\n 30.168875561169088\n ],\n [\n -89.20074462890625,\n 30.285159872426014\n ],\n [\n -88.36578369140625,\n 30.285159872426014\n ],\n [\n -88.36578369140625,\n 30.168875561169088\n ],\n [\n -89.20074462890625,\n 30.168875561169088\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551a65a0e4b03238427833ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelso, Kyle W. 0000-0003-0615-242X kkelso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0615-242X","contributorId":4307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelso","given":"Kyle","email":"kkelso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70137943,"text":"ds910 - 2015 - Chemicals of emerging concern in water and bottom sediment in the Great Lakes Basin, 2012: collection methods, analytical methods, quality assurance, and study data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-14T10:19:07","indexId":"ds910","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"910","title":"Chemicals of emerging concern in water and bottom sediment in the Great Lakes Basin, 2012: collection methods, analytical methods, quality assurance, and study data","docAbstract":"In synoptic surveys of surface-water quality across the United States, a large group of organic chemicals associated with agricultural, household, and industrial waste have been detected. These chemicals are referred to collectively as chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) and include prescription drugs and antibiotics, over-the-counter medications, reproductive hormones, personal-care products, detergent metabolites, and flame retardants.
\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collaborated with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on a study to identify the presence of CECs in water and bottom-sediment samples collected during 2012 at 66 sites throughout the Great Lakes Basin. The 2012 effort is part of a long-term study that was initiated in 2010.
\nThe purposes of this report are to document the collection and analytical methods, provide the quality-assurance data and analyses, and provide the water and bottom-sediment data for this study of CECs in the Great Lakes Basin for 2012. A previous report documents data collected during 2010 and 2011. The methods used for chemical analyses were identical between the 2010–11 and 2012 studies, with the exception that a method to determine nontarget chemicals was used during 2010–11. The data from this study are published as a USGS Data Series Report to ensure adequate documentation of the original methods and provide a citable source for study data. This report contains no interpretations of the study data. The chemical data are as reported by the laboratory and have not been censored or adjusted unless otherwise noted.
\nField measurements were recorded and samples were collected in April and May and in September 2012, by U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency personnel. Study sites included tributaries to the Great Lakes located near Duluth, Minnesota; King, Wisconsin; Green Bay, Wis.; Detroit, Michigan; Monroe, Mich.; Toledo, Ohio, and Rochester, New York. Water and bottom-sediment samples were analyzed at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory in Denver, Colorado, for a broad suite of CECs.
\nDuring this 2012 study, 140 environmental and 8 field duplicate samples of surface water and wastewater effluent, 1 field blank water sample, and 5 field spike water samples were collected or prepared. Water samples were analyzed at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory using laboratory schedule 4433 for wastewater indicators, research method 8244 for pharmaceuticals, and laboratory schedule 4434 for steroid hormones, sterols, and bisphenol A. For wastewater indicators in unfiltered water, 61 of the 68 chemicals analyzed using laboratory schedule 4433 had detectable concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 64.4 micrograms per liter. Thirty-eight of the 48 chemicals analyzed using research method 8244 for pharmaceuticals in unfiltered water had detectable concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 3.32 micrograms per liter. Twelve of the 20 chemicals analyzed using laboratory schedule 4434 for steroid hormones, sterols, and bisphenol A in unfiltered water had detectable concentrations ranging from 0.43 to 120,000 nanograms per liter.
\nDuring this study, 53 environmental samples, 4 field duplicate samples, and 8 field spike samples of bottom sediment and laboratory matrix-spike samples were analyzed for a wide variety of CECs at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory using laboratory schedule 5433 for wastewater indicators; research method 6434 for steroid hormones, sterols, and bisphenol A; and research method 9008 for human-use pharmaceuticals and antidepressants. Forty of the 57 chemicals analyzed using laboratory schedule 5433 had detectable concentrations ranging from 1 to 49,000 micrograms per kilogram. Fourteen of the 20 chemicals analyzed using research method 6434 had detectable concentrations ranging from 0.04 to 24,940 nanograms per gram. Ten of the 20 chemicals analyzed using research method 9008 had detectable concentrations ranging from 0.59 to 197.5 micrograms per kilogram. Five of the 11 chemicals analyzed using research method 9008 had detectable concentrations ranging from 1.16 to 25.0 micrograms per kilogram.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds910","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Lee, K., Langer, S., Menheer, M.A., Hansen, D.S., Foreman, W., Furlong, E.T., Jorgenson, Z.G., Choy, S.J., Moore, J.N., Banda, J., and Gefell, D.J., 2015, Chemicals of emerging concern in water and bottom sediment in the Great Lakes Basin, 2012: collection methods, analytical methods, quality assurance, and study data: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 910, Report:vi, 14 p.; 2 Appendices; 6 Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds910.","productDescription":"Report:vi, 14 p.; 2 Appendices; 6 Tables","startPage":"14","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2012-04-01","temporalEnd":"2012-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-043757","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variables and potential models for the bleaching of luminescence signals in fluvial environments","docAbstract":"Luminescence dating of fluvial sediments rests on the assumption that sufficient sunlight is available to remove a previously obtained signal in a process deemed bleaching. However, luminescence signals obtained from sediment in the active channels of rivers often contain residual signals. This paper explores and attempts to build theoretical models for the bleaching of luminescence signals in fluvial settings. We present two models, one for sediment transported in an episodic manner, such as flood-driven washes in arid environments, and one for sediment transported in a continuous manner, such as in large continental scale rivers. The episodic flow model assumes that the majority of sediment is bleached while exposed to sunlight at the near surface between flood events and predicts a power-law decay in luminescence signal with downstream transport distance. The continuous flow model is developed by combining the Beer–Lambert law for the attenuation of light through a water column with a general-order kinetics equation to produce an equation with the form of a double negative exponential. The inflection point of this equation is compared with the sediment concentration from a Rouse profile to derive a non-dimensional number capable of assessing the likely extent of bleaching for a given set of luminescence and fluvial parameters. Although these models are theoretically based and not yet necessarily applicable to real-world fluvial systems, we introduce these ideas to stimulate discussion and encourage the development of comprehensive bleaching models with predictive power.
","conferenceTitle":"9th New World Luminescence Dating Workshop","conferenceDate":"August 16-18, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Logan, UT","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2014.11.007","usgsCitation":"Gray, H.J., and Mahan, S., 2015, Variables and potential models for the bleaching of luminescence signals in fluvial environments: Quaternary International, v. 362, p. 42-49, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.11.007.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"49","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054895","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299144,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"362","edition":"362","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551a65bbe4b032384278347a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, Harrison J. 0000-0002-4555-7473 hgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4555-7473","contributorId":4991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Harrison","email":"hgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":1215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70144376,"text":"70144376 - 2015 - Integrating gene transcription-based biomarkers to understand desert tortoise and ecosystem health","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-09T10:28:22","indexId":"70144376","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-30T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1443,"text":"EcoHealth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating gene transcription-based biomarkers to understand desert tortoise and ecosystem health","docAbstract":"Tortoises are susceptible to a wide variety of environmental stressors, and the influence of human disturbances on health and survival of tortoises is difficult to detect. As an addition to current diagnostic methods for desert tortoises, we have developed the first leukocyte gene transcription biomarker panel for the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii), enhancing the ability to identify specific environmental conditions potentially linked to declining animal health. Blood leukocyte transcript profiles have the potential to identify physiologically stressed animals in lieu of clinical signs. For desert tortoises, the gene transcript profile included a combination of immune or detoxification response genes with the potential to be modified by biological or physical injury and consequently provide information on the type and magnitude of stressors present in the animal’s habitat. Blood from 64 wild adult tortoises at three sites in Clark County, NV, and San Bernardino, CA, and from 19 captive tortoises in Clark County, NV, was collected and evaluated for genes indicative of physiological status. Statistical analysis using a priori groupings indicated significant differences among groups for several genes, while multidimensional scaling and cluster analyses of transcriptionC T values indicated strong differentiation of a large cluster and multiple outlying individual tortoises or small clusters in multidimensional space. These analyses highlight the effectiveness of the gene panel at detecting environmental perturbations as well as providing guidance in determining the health of the desert tortoise.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10393-014-0998-8","usgsCitation":"Bowen, L., Miles, A.K., Drake, K.K., Waters-Dynes, S.C., Esque, T., and Nussear, K.E., 2015, Integrating gene transcription-based biomarkers to understand desert tortoise and ecosystem health: EcoHealth, v. 12, no. 3, p. 501-512, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-014-0998-8.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"501","endPage":"512","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061776","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","county":"Clark County, San Bernardino County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.7137451171875,\n 35.07046911981966\n ],\n [\n -115.27954101562499,\n 35.516578738902936\n ],\n [\n -115.24658203125,\n 35.831174956246535\n ],\n [\n -115.17791748046875,\n 35.92464453144099\n ],\n [\n -115.059814453125,\n 35.79553849799263\n ],\n [\n -114.97192382812499,\n 35.69187929931617\n ],\n [\n -114.71923828124999,\n 35.68184060244453\n ],\n [\n -114.7137451171875,\n 35.07046911981966\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.08541870117188,\n 35.12777117397315\n ],\n [\n -117.08541870117188,\n 35.62716331859532\n ],\n [\n -116.1639404296875,\n 35.62716331859532\n ],\n [\n -116.1639404296875,\n 35.12777117397315\n ],\n [\n -117.08541870117188,\n 35.12777117397315\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551a65afe4b0323842783432","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Lizabeth 0000-0001-9115-4336 lbowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9115-4336","contributorId":4539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Lizabeth","email":"lbowen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miles, A. Keith 0000-0002-3108-808X keith_miles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-808X","contributorId":196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miles","given":"A.","email":"keith_miles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Keith","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drake, K. Kristina 0000-0003-0711-7634 kdrake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0711-7634","contributorId":3799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"K.","email":"kdrake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kristina","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Waters-Dynes, Shannon C. 0000-0002-9707-4684 swaters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9707-4684","contributorId":5826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waters-Dynes","given":"Shannon","email":"swaters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":139953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E. knussear@usgs.gov","contributorId":2695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"knussear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70145310,"text":"70145310 - 2015 - Using natural archives to track sources and long-term trends of pollution: some final thoughts and suggestions for future directions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-12T16:28:40","indexId":"70145310","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Using natural archives to track sources and long-term trends of pollution: some final thoughts and suggestions for future directions","docAbstract":"Newly produced, as well as some so-called legacy contaminants, continue to be released into the environment at an accelerated rate. Given the general lack of integrated, direct monitoring programs, the use of natural archival records of contaminants will almost certainly continue to increase. We conclude this volume with a short chapter highlighting some of our final thoughts, with a focus on a call to action to develop and apply methodologies to assess the fidelity of the archival record.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental contaminants","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/978-94-017-9541-8_17","usgsCitation":"Blais, J., Rosen, M.R., and Smol, J.P., 2015, Using natural archives to track sources and long-term trends of pollution: some final thoughts and suggestions for future directions, chap. of Environmental contaminants, p. 499-506, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9541-8_17.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"499","endPage":"506","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060107","costCenters":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311277,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299414,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.springer.com/us/book/9789401795401"}],"edition":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645c65fe4b0e2669b30f22e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blais, Jules M.","contributorId":140074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blais","given":"Jules M.","affiliations":[{"id":13374,"text":"University of Ottawa, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosen, Michael R. 0000-0003-3991-0522 mrosen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-0522","contributorId":495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"mrosen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smol, John P.","contributorId":140075,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smol","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":13377,"text":"Queen's University, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70145307,"text":"70145307 - 2015 - The influence of hydrology on lacustrine sediment contaminant records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-27T16:45:59","indexId":"70145307","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The influence of hydrology on lacustrine sediment contaminant records","docAbstract":"The way water flows to a lake, through streams, as runoff, or as groundwater, can control the distribution and mass of sediment and contaminants deposited. Whether a lake is large or small, deep or shallow, open or closed, the movement of water to a lake and the circulation patterns of water within a lake control how and where sediment and contaminants are deposited. Particle-associated contaminants may stay close to the input source of contamination or be transported by currents to bathymetric lows. A complex morphology of the lake bottom or shoreline can also affect how contaminants will be distributed. Dissolved contaminants may be widely dispersed in smaller lakes, but may be diluted in large lakes away from the source. Although dissolved contaminants may not be deposited in lake sediments, the impact of dissolved contaminants (such as nitrogen) may be reflected by the ecosystem. For instance, increased phosphorus and nitrogen may increase organic content or algal biomass, and contribute to eutrophication of the lake over time. Changes in oxidation-reduction potential at the sediment-water interface may either release some contaminants to the water column or conversely deposit other contaminants to the sediment depending on the compound’s chemical characteristics. Changes in land use generally affect the hydrology of the watershed surrounding a lake, providing more runoff if soil binding vegetation is removed or if more impervious cover (roads and buildings) is increased. Groundwater inputs may change if pumping of the aquifer connected to the lake occurs. Even if groundwater is only a small portion of the volume of water entering a lake, if contaminant concentrations in the aquifer are high compared to surface water inputs, the mass of contaminants from groundwater may be as, or more, important than surface water contributions.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Developments in Paleoenvironmental Research","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-94-017-9541-8_2","collaboration":"None","usgsCitation":"Rosen, M.R., 2015, The influence of hydrology on lacustrine sediment contaminant records, chap. of Developments in Paleoenvironmental Research, p. 5-33, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9541-8_2.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"33","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052181","costCenters":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310694,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299412,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.springer.com/us/book/9789401795401"}],"edition":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5630a046e4b093cee782042e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosen, Michael R. 0000-0003-3991-0522 mrosen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-0522","contributorId":495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"mrosen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70145308,"text":"70145308 - 2015 - Using natural archives to track sources and long-term trends of pollution: an introduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-16T16:15:02","indexId":"70145308","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Using natural archives to track sources and long-term trends of pollution: an introduction","docAbstract":"This book explores the myriad ways that environmental archives can be used to study the distribution and long-term trajectories of contaminants. The volume first focuses on reviews that examine the integrity of the historic record, including factors related to hydrology, post-depositional diffusion, and mixing processes. This is followed by a series of chapters dealing with the diverse archives available for long-term studies of environmental pollution.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Contaminants","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/978-94-017-9541-8_1","usgsCitation":"Blais, J., Rosen, M.R., and John Smol, 2015, Using natural archives to track sources and long-term trends of pollution: an introduction, chap. of Environmental Contaminants, p. 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9541-8_1.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058003","costCenters":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311402,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c69e4b0ebfbef0d3196","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blais, Jules","contributorId":140070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blais","given":"Jules","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13374,"text":"University of Ottawa, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosen, Michael R. 0000-0003-3991-0522 mrosen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-0522","contributorId":495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"mrosen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"John Smol","contributorId":140071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"John Smol","affiliations":[{"id":13375,"text":"Queens University, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70143012,"text":"fs20153024 - 2015 - Return to normal streamflows and water levels: Summary of hydrologic conditions in Georgia, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-30T13:32:11.396793","indexId":"fs20153024","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-27T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3024","title":"Return to normal streamflows and water levels: Summary of hydrologic conditions in Georgia, 2013","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) South Atlantic Water Science Center (SAWSC) Georgia office, in cooperation with local, State, and other Federal agencies, maintains a long-term hydrologic monitoring network of more than 340 real-time continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations (streamgages), including 10 real-time lake-level monitoring stations, 67 real-time surface-water-quality monitors, and several water-quality sampling programs. Additionally, the SAWSC Georgia office operates more than 180 groundwater monitoring wells, 39 of which are real-time. The wide-ranging coverage of streamflow, reservoir, and groundwater monitoring sites allows for a comprehensive view of hydrologic conditions across the State. One of the many benefits of this monitoring network is that the analyses of the data provide a spatially distributed overview of the hydrologic conditions of creeks, rivers, reservoirs, and aquifers in Georgia.
\nStreamflow and groundwater data are verified throughout the year by USGS hydrographers. Hydrologic conditions are determined by comparing the results of statistical analyses of the data collected during the current water year (WY) to historical data collected over the period of record. Changing hydrologic conditions emphasize the need for accurate, timely data to help Federal, State, and local officials make informed decisions regarding the management and conservation of Georgia’s water resources for agricultural, recreational, ecological, and water-supply needs and for use in protecting life and property.
\nDrought conditions, persistent in the area since 2010, continued into the 2013 WY. In February 2013, Georgia was free of extreme (D3) drought conditions, as defined by the U.S. Drought Monitor, for the first time since August 2010 due to extended periods of heavy rainfall (U.S. Drought Monitor, 2013). According to the Office of the State Climatologist, the city of Savannah recorded 9.75 inches of rain in February 2013, the highest monthly total in February out of 143 years of record. Macon and Columbus also received record rainfalls in February 2013. Above-normal precipitation continued in June 2013, and the cities of Augusta and Savannah recorded the wettest June on record. In July, precipitation for the entire State of Georgia was 3.53 inches above normal (Dunkley, 2013). Above-normal rainfall from February to September 2013 increased streamflow and raised groundwater levels, and lakes and reservoirs were raised to full-pool elevations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153024","usgsCitation":"Knaak, A.E., Caslow, K., and Peck, M., 2015, Return to normal streamflows and water levels: summary of hydrologic conditions in Georgia, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3024, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153024.","productDescription":"8 p.","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2013-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-061982","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299018,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20153024.jpg"},{"id":299016,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3024/"},{"id":299017,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3024/pdf/fs2015-3024.pdf","size":"5.65 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":506255,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_101542.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.60546875,\n 35.0120020431607\n ],\n [\n -83.07861328125,\n 35.0120020431607\n ],\n [\n -83.3203125,\n 34.70549341022544\n ],\n [\n -82.85888671875,\n 34.50655662164561\n ],\n [\n -82.1337890625,\n 33.669496972795535\n ],\n [\n -81.4306640625,\n 32.99023555965106\n ],\n [\n -80.9912109375,\n 32.008075959291055\n ],\n [\n -81.474609375,\n 30.619004797647808\n ],\n [\n -81.9580078125,\n 30.78903675126116\n ],\n [\n -82.0458984375,\n 30.315987718557867\n ],\n [\n -82.2216796875,\n 30.315987718557867\n ],\n [\n -82.30957031249999,\n 30.543338954230222\n ],\n [\n -84.90234375,\n 30.694611546632302\n ],\n [\n -85.14404296875,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n -85.14404296875,\n 31.522361470421437\n ],\n [\n -85.23193359375,\n 31.82156451492074\n ],\n [\n -85.05615234375,\n 32.342841356393045\n ],\n [\n -85.60546875,\n 35.0120020431607\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5516711ce4b0323842781ade","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knaak, Andrew E. 0000-0003-1813-8959 aknaak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1813-8959","contributorId":3123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knaak","given":"Andrew","email":"aknaak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caslow, Kerry","contributorId":139935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caslow","given":"Kerry","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peck, Michael F. mfpeck@usgs.gov","contributorId":1467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Michael F.","email":"mfpeck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70173415,"text":"70173415 - 2015 - Upstream dispersal of an invasive crayfish aided by a fish passage facility","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T12:12:57","indexId":"70173415","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-27T07:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2655,"text":"Management of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upstream dispersal of an invasive crayfish aided by a fish passage facility","docAbstract":"Fish passage facilities for reservoir dams have been used to restore habitat connectivity within riverine networks by allowing upstream passage for native species. These facilities may also support the spread of invasive species, an unintended consequence and potential downside of upstream passage structures. We documented dam passage of the invasive virile crayfish, Orconectes virilis (Hagen, 1870), at fish ladders designed for upstream passage of American eels, Anguilla rostrata (Lesueur, 1817), in the Shenandoah River drainage, USA. Ladder use and upstream passage of 11 virile crayfish occurred from 2007–2014 during periods of low river discharge (<30 m3s–1) and within a wide range of water temperatures from 9.0–28.6 °C. Virile crayfish that used the eel ladders were large adults with a mean carapace length and width of 48.0 mm and 24.1 mm, respectively. Our data demonstrated the use of species-specific fish ladders by a non-target non-native species, which has conservation and management implications for the spread of aquatic invasive species and upstream passage facilities. Specifically, managers should consider implementing long-term monitoring of fish passage facilities with emphasis on detection of invasive species, as well as methods to reduce or eliminate passage of invasive species.
\nAn intriguing recent result from mathematics is that a population diffusing at an intermediate rate in an environment in which resources vary spatially will reach a higher total equilibrium biomass than the population in an environment in which the same total resources are distributed homogeneously. We extended the current mathematical theory to apply to logistic growth and also showed that the result applies to patchy systems with dispersal among patches, both for continuous and discrete time. This allowed us to make specific predictions, through simulations, concerning the biomass dynamics, which were verified by a laboratory experiment. The experiment was a study of biomass growth of duckweed (Lemna minor Linn.), where the resources (nutrients added to water) were distributed homogeneously among a discrete series of water-filled containers in one treatment, and distributed heterogeneously in another treatment. The experimental results showed that total biomass peaked at an intermediate, relatively low, diffusion rate, higher than the total carrying capacity of the system and agreeing with the simulation model. The implications of the experiment to dynamics of source, sink, and pseudo-sink dynamics are discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elselvier","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2015.03.005","usgsCitation":"Zhang, B., Liu, X., DeAngelis, D., Ni, W., and Wang, G., 2015, Effects of dispersal on total biomass in a patchy, heterogeneous system: Analysis and experiment: Mathematical Biosciences, v. 264, p. 54-62, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2015.03.005.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"62","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055410","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"264","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d45730e4b0518e354694bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Bo","contributorId":146526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Bo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16714,"text":"Dept. of Biology, University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Xin","contributorId":146527,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Xin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16715,"text":"Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":138934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald L.","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":568115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ni, Wei-Ming","contributorId":146528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ni","given":"Wei-Ming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16716,"text":"University of Minnesota : East China Normal University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wang, G Geoff","contributorId":146529,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"G Geoff","affiliations":[{"id":16717,"text":"Dept. of Forestry and Natural Resources, Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70144127,"text":"ofr20151050 - 2015 - Efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf-CL145A) spray dried powder for controlling zebra mussels adhering to test substrates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-26T14:13:19","indexId":"ofr20151050","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-26T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1050","title":"Efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf-CL145A) spray dried powder for controlling zebra mussels adhering to test substrates","docAbstract":"A mobile bioassay trailer was used to assess the efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf-CL145A) spray dried powder (SDP) formulation for controlling zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) from two midwestern lakes: Lake Carlos (Alexandria, Minnesota) and Shawano Lake (Shawano, Wisconsin). The effects of SDP exposure concentration and exposure duration on zebra mussel survival were evaluated along with the evaluation of a benthic injection application technique to reduce the amount of SDP required to induce zebra mortality.
\nGroups of zebra mussels were collected from each lake and allowed to adhere to test substrates for at least 15 days before exposure to SDP. Two independent trials were completed at each lake: (1) a whole water column (WWC) application trial was used to evaluate the effects of SDP exposure concentration and exposure duration on zebra mussel survival; and (2) a benthic injection (BI) application trial in which the SDP was injected into the test tanks to determine the efficacy of a benthic injection application technique to reduce the amount of SDP required to induced zebra mussel mortality. Three exposure durations (6, 9, and 12 hours) were evaluated in the WWC trials and a 12-hour exposure duration was evaluated in the BI trials. All trials contained zebra mussels which were removed at the completion of each exposure duration, consolidated into wire mesh cages, and held in the lake for approximately 30 days before being assessed for survival.
\nFor all trials, treatment was assigned to each test tank according to a randomized block design (n = 3 test tanks per treatment). The treatment groups included (1) an untreated control group, (2) a group that received an application of 50 milligrams of SDP per liter (mg SDP/L), and (3) a group that received an application of 100 mg SDP/L. During the BI trials, SDP was administered to achieve the desired exposure concentration in the bottom 50 percent (175 L) of the test tank. All exposure concentrations are reported as active ingredient.
\nApproximately 30 days after exposure, zebra mussels were sorted into live and dead, and enumerated. Mean survival of zebra mussels in control treatments exceeded 95 percent. Mean survival of zebra mussels in the Lake Carlos WWC SDP-treated groups ranged from 0.5 to 2.1 percent and when compared at the same exposure duration, no difference was detected in survival between the 50 and 100 milligrams per liter (mg/L) treatment groups. Similarly, mean survival of zebra mussels in the Shawano Lake WWC SDP-treated groups ranged from 2.0 to 12.6 percent and when compared at the same exposure duration, no difference was detected in survival between the 50- and 100-mg/L treatment groups. Mean survival of zebra mussels in the Lake Carlos BI trial SDP-treated groups did not differ (p = 0.93) and was 18.1 and 18.0 percent in the 50- and 100-mg/L treatment groups, respectively. Mean survival of zebra mussels in the Shawano Lake BI trial SDP-treated groups differed (p < 0.01) and was 2.9 and 0.9 percent in the 50- and 100-mg/L treatment groups, respectively. Survival of zebra mussels assigned to the SDP-treated groups in the Lake Carlos WWC trial (12-hour exposure duration) differed from the survival of zebra mussels assigned to the SDP-treated groups in the Lake Carlos BI trial; however, after modification of the BI application technique, no difference (p = 0.22) was detected between the survival of zebra mussel in the Shawano Lake WWC (12-hour exposure duration) and BI trials.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151050","usgsCitation":"Luoma, J.A., Severson, T.J., Weber, K.L., and Mayer, D., 2015, Efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf-CL145A) spray dried powder for controlling zebra mussels adhering to test substrates: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1050, viii, 510 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151050.","productDescription":"viii, 510 p.","numberOfPages":"519","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061826","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299008,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151050.jpg"},{"id":299006,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1050/"},{"id":299007,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1050/pdf/ofr2015-1050.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.27 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Carlos, Shawano Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.34313201904297,\n 45.9991081226589\n ],\n [\n -95.32768249511719,\n 45.996723112568844\n ],\n [\n -95.33180236816406,\n 45.97835509159471\n ],\n [\n -95.3455352783203,\n 45.975730591042506\n ],\n [\n -95.35411834716797,\n 45.96761771199137\n ],\n [\n -95.34862518310547,\n 45.96117428498826\n ],\n [\n -95.35446166992188,\n 45.94303320745295\n ],\n [\n -95.36338806152344,\n 45.933482886823676\n ],\n [\n -95.37712097167969,\n 45.92990109251051\n ],\n [\n -95.38536071777344,\n 45.93324410773261\n ],\n [\n -95.37471771240234,\n 45.944704344447196\n ],\n [\n -95.37849426269531,\n 45.95425273233115\n ],\n [\n -95.37506103515625,\n 45.96165160157818\n ],\n [\n -95.37918090820312,\n 45.968572230031775\n ],\n [\n -95.37300109863281,\n 45.97883226014907\n ],\n [\n -95.35995483398438,\n 45.98431940297105\n ],\n [\n -95.34965515136719,\n 45.989567465502375\n ],\n [\n -95.34313201904297,\n 45.9991081226589\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.45161437988281,\n 44.817889670988784\n ],\n [\n -88.44989776611328,\n 44.80522439622254\n ],\n [\n -88.4787368774414,\n 44.80400643476691\n ],\n [\n -88.51581573486327,\n 44.790607161582656\n ],\n [\n -88.5281753540039,\n 44.78305347286286\n ],\n [\n -88.56834411621094,\n 44.792312696427096\n ],\n [\n -88.56903076171875,\n 44.81204450516513\n ],\n [\n -88.56319427490234,\n 44.81180094373175\n ],\n [\n -88.5498046875,\n 44.82884776001609\n ],\n [\n -88.5329818725586,\n 44.82884776001609\n ],\n [\n -88.51478576660156,\n 44.821299077446746\n ],\n [\n -88.50276947021484,\n 44.82397775537488\n ],\n [\n -88.49281311035156,\n 44.82373424434257\n ],\n [\n -88.4845733642578,\n 44.82543879996824\n ],\n [\n -88.45161437988281,\n 44.817889670988784\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55151f97e4b03238427816b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, James A. 0000-0003-3556-0190 jluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-0190","contributorId":4449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"James","email":"jluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Severson, Todd J. 0000-0001-5282-3779 tseverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-3779","contributorId":4749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Severson","given":"Todd","email":"tseverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weber, Kerry L. klweber@usgs.gov","contributorId":4750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"Kerry","email":"klweber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mayer, Denise A.","contributorId":98772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Denise A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70143528,"text":"fs20153026 - 2015 - Streamflow of 2014: Water year summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-29T18:04:35.097166","indexId":"fs20153026","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-26T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3026","title":"Streamflow of 2014: Water year summary","docAbstract":"The maps and graphs in this summary describe streamflow conditions for water year 2014 (October 1, 2013, to September 30, 2014) in the context of the 85-year period from 1930 through 2014, unless otherwise noted. The illustrations are based on observed data from the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) National Streamflow Information Program (NSIP) (http://water.usgs.gov/nsip/). The period 1930–2014 was used because, prior to 1930, the number of streamgages was too small to provide representative data for computing statistics for most regions of the country.
\nIn the summary, reference is made to the term “runoff,” which is the depth to which a river basin or other geographic area, such as a State, would be covered with water if all the streamflow within the area during a specified time period was uniformly distributed over the area. Runoff can also be used to quantify the magnitude of water flowing through rivers and streams in measurement units that can be compared from one area of the Nation to another.
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