{"pageNumber":"5122","pageRowStart":"128025","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70175439,"text":"70175439 - 1984 - Reply [to “Comment on ‘The Interaction of Lakes With Variably Saturated Porous Media’ by Thomas C. Winter”]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T17:29:28","indexId":"70175439","displayToPublicDate":"1984-08-16T12:45:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply [to “Comment on ‘The Interaction of Lakes With Variably Saturated Porous Media’ by Thomas C. Winter”]","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR020i008p01166","usgsCitation":"Winter, T.C., 1984, Reply [to “Comment on ‘The Interaction of Lakes With Variably Saturated Porous Media’ by Thomas C. Winter”]: Water Resources Research, v. 20, no. 8, p. 1166-1166, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR020i008p01166.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"1166","endPage":"1166","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326398,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57ada1ebe4b0f412a62dfaca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winter, Thomas C.","contributorId":84736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013809,"text":"70013809 - 1984 - Sinking of volcanic ash in uncompacted sediment in Williams Lake, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-17T16:53:03.564208","indexId":"70013809","displayToPublicDate":"1984-08-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sinking of volcanic ash in uncompacted sediment in Williams Lake, Washington","docAbstract":"Volcanic ash from the eruption of Mount St. Helens on 18 May 1980 fell into Williams Lake in eastern Washington and was temporarily suspended at the sediment-water interface. After several months of compaction, the ash layer broke up and sank into lower density uncompacted lake sediment. Stratigraphic time displacements of several hundred years and a failure to recognize discontinuous ash layers in sediment cores are possible consequences of this process.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.225.4661.505","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R., Nuhfer, E., and Dean, W., 1984, Sinking of volcanic ash in uncompacted sediment in Williams Lake, Washington: Science, v. 225, no. 4661, p. 505-508, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.225.4661.505.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"505","endPage":"508","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220613,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Williams Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.71303740955221,\n              47.336647953925194\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.71303740955221,\n              47.31700552527329\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.66661224970237,\n              47.31700552527329\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.66661224970237,\n              47.336647953925194\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.71303740955221,\n              47.336647953925194\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"225","issue":"4661","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90e9e4b08c986b3196d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, R.Y.","contributorId":22789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nuhfer, E.B.","contributorId":89281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nuhfer","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, W.E.","contributorId":97099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70120850,"text":"70120850 - 1984 - Sex differences in the ontogeny of social behavior in pikas: possible relationships to dispersal and territoriality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T09:19:48","indexId":"70120850","displayToPublicDate":"1984-08-01T09:18:07","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":982,"text":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sex differences in the ontogeny of social behavior in pikas: possible relationships to dispersal and territoriality","docAbstract":"<p>A laboratory study on the ontogeny of social behavior in pikas (Ochotona princeps), an alpine lagomorph, was conducted to determine the role of early relationships between adult females and young and among siblings in the development of territorial and dispersal behaviors. Sex differences during development were examined because field studies have reported greater dispersal distances in young females than young males. At birth, females were significantly heavier than males. There were no sex differences in nursing frequency until after the 2nd week of age, when males initiated more nursing attempts than females. By the end of the weaning period (weeks 5 and 6), adult females became non-interactive with young, but aggression of young toward littermates and the mother increased until the eighth week. At this time, young males outweighed their sibling females. Young were dominant over their mothers by the age of 5 weeks, and young males were dominant over their sibling females.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Sex differences were observed in aggression, scent-marking, exploratory activity, and submissive vocalizations, with higher rates in young males, except for submissive vocalizations, which were higher in females (Table 2). Vocalizations and scent-marking behavior increased over time, and were positively correlated with interaction rates.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>These data support the hypothesis that female young disperse farther than male young largely as the result of unsuccessful competition with male siblings for available territories close to the birthplace. A dispersal strategy for pikas is proposed.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"Berlin","doi":"10.1007/BF00292972","usgsCitation":"Springer-Verlag, 1984, Sex differences in the ontogeny of social behavior in pikas: possible relationships to dispersal and territoriality: Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, v. 15, no. 3, p. 175-182, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00292972.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"175","endPage":"182","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292367,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292366,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292972"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25fede4b0333418718955"}
,{"id":1007694,"text":"1007694 - 1984 - Search theory and convergent spore morphology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-17T15:49:04.191161","indexId":"1007694","displayToPublicDate":"1984-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":740,"text":"American Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Search theory and convergent spore morphology","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/284274","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J.E., 1984, Search theory and convergent spore morphology: American Naturalist, v. 124, no. 2, p. 307-308, https://doi.org/10.1086/284274.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"308","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131166,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc3f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":315869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013884,"text":"70013884 - 1984 - Oxygen isotope ranking of late Eocene and Oligocene planktonic foraminifers: Implications for Oligocene sea-surface temperatures and global ice-volume","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-02T15:31:49.541187","indexId":"70013884","displayToPublicDate":"1984-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxygen isotope ranking of late Eocene and Oligocene planktonic foraminifers: Implications for Oligocene sea-surface temperatures and global ice-volume","docAbstract":"<p><span>Oxygen isotope analyses of late Eocene and Oligocene planktonic foraminifers from low and middle latitude sites in the Atlantic Basin show that different species from the same samples can yield significantly different isotopic values. The range of isotopic values observed between species is greatest at low-latitudes and declines poleward. Many planktonic foraminifers exhibit a systematic isotopic ranking with respect to each other and can therefore be grouped on the basis of their isotopic ranking. The isotopic ranking of some taxa, however, appears to vary geographically and/or through time.</span></p><p><span>Isotopic and paleontologic data from DSDP Site 522 indicate that commonly used isotopic temperature scales underestimate Oligocene sea surface temperatures. We suggest these temperature scales require revision to reflect the presence of Oligocene glaciation. Comparison of isotopic and paleontologic data from Sites 522, 511 and 277 suggests cold, low-salinity surface waters were present in high southern latitudes during the early Oligocene. Low-salinity, high latitude surface waters could be caused by Eocene/Oligocene paleogeography or by the production of warm saline bottom water.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0377-8398(84)90007-0","usgsCitation":"Poore, R., and Matthews, R., 1984, Oxygen isotope ranking of late Eocene and Oligocene planktonic foraminifers: Implications for Oligocene sea-surface temperatures and global ice-volume: Marine Micropaleontology, v. 9, no. 2, p. 111-134, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8398(84)90007-0.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"134","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225672,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a729be4b0c8380cd76bd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poore, R.Z.","contributorId":35314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"R.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matthews, R.K.","contributorId":87295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthews","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013885,"text":"70013885 - 1984 - Wave-formed structures and paleoenvironmental reconstruction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T17:20:39.205594","indexId":"70013885","displayToPublicDate":"1984-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wave-formed structures and paleoenvironmental reconstruction","docAbstract":"<p>Wave-formed sedimentary structures can be powerful interpretive tools because they reflect not only the velocity and direction of the oscillatory currents, but also the length of the horizontal component of orbital motion and the presence of velocity asymmetry within the flow. Several of these aspects can be related through standard wave theories to combinations of wave dimensions and water depth that have definable natural limits. For a particular grain size, threshold of particle movement and that of conversion from a rippled to flat bed indicate flow-velocity limits. The ratio of ripple spacing to grain size provides an estimate of the length of the near-bottom orbital motion. The degree of velocity asymmetry is related to the asymmetry of the bedforms, though it presently cannot be estimated with confidence. A plot of water depth versus wave height (h-H diagram) provides a convenient approach for showing the combination of wave parameters and water depths capable of generating any particular structure in sand of a given grain size. Natural limits on wave height and inferences or assumptions regarding either water depth or wave period based on geologic evidence allow refinement of the paleoenvironmental reconstruction. The assumptions and the degree of approximation involved in the different techniques impose significant constraints. Inferences based on wave-formed structures are most reliable when they are drawn in the context of other evidence such as the association of sedimentary features or progradational sequences.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(84)90149-X","usgsCitation":"Clifton, H.E., and Dingler, J.R., 1984, Wave-formed structures and paleoenvironmental reconstruction: Marine Geology, v. 60, no. 1-4, p. 165-198, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(84)90149-X.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"165","endPage":"198","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225738,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcf9ae4b08c986b32e9cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clifton, H. Edward","contributorId":46503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifton","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dingler, John R.","contributorId":55795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dingler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014009,"text":"70014009 - 1984 - High-frequency sediment-level oscillations in the swash zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T17:33:34.597668","indexId":"70014009","displayToPublicDate":"1984-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-frequency sediment-level oscillations in the swash zone","docAbstract":"<p>Sediment-level oscillations with heights of about 6 cm and shore-normal lengths of order 10 m have been measured in the swash zone of a high-energy, coarse-sand beach. Crests of oscillations were shore parallel and continuous alongshore. The oscillations were of such low steepness (height-to-length ratio approximately 0.006) that they were difficult to detect visually. The period of oscillation ranged between 6 and 15 min and decreased landward across the swash zone. The sediment-level oscillations were progressive landward with an average migration rate in the middle to upper swash zone of 0.8 m min-1. Migration was caused mostly by erosion on the seaward flank of the crest of an oscillation during a period of net seaward sediment transport. Thus, the observed migration was a form migration landward rather than a migration involving net landward sediment transport. The observed sediment-level oscillations were different than sand waves or other swash-zone bedforms previously described.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(84)90148-8","usgsCitation":"Sallenger, A., and Richmond, B.M., 1984, High-frequency sediment-level oscillations in the swash zone: Marine Geology, v. 60, no. 1-4, p. 155-164, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(84)90148-8.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"164","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225617,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a30eae4b0c8380cd5da6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sallenger, Asbury H. Jr.","contributorId":27458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","given":"Asbury H.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce M. 0000-0002-0056-5832 brichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-5832","contributorId":2459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","email":"brichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":367361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013972,"text":"70013972 - 1984 - Control of barrier island shape by inlet sediment bypassing: East Frisian Islands, West Germany","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T17:27:40.442325","indexId":"70013972","displayToPublicDate":"1984-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Control of barrier island shape by inlet sediment bypassing: East Frisian Islands, West Germany","docAbstract":"<p><span>A study of the East Frisian Islands has shown that the plan form of these islands can be explained by processes of inlet sediment bypassing. This island chain is located on a high wave energy, high tide range shoreline where the average deep-water significant wave height exceeds 1.0 m and the spring tidal range varies from 2.7 m at Juist to 2.9 m at Wangerooge. An abundant sediment supply and a strong eastward component of wave power (4.4 × 10</span><sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;W m</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) have caused a persistent eastward growth of the barrier islands. The eastward extension of the barriers has been accommodated more by inlet narrowing, than by inlet migration.</span></p><p><span>It is estimated from morphological evidence that a minimum of 2.7 × 10<sup>5</sup>&nbsp;m<sup>3</sup>&nbsp;of sand is delivered to the inlets each year via the easterly longshore transport system. Much of this sand ultimately bypasses the inlets in the form of large, migrating swash bars. The location where the swash bars attach to the beach is controlled by the amount of overlap of the ebb-tidal delta along the downdrift inlet shoreline. The configuration of the ebb-tidal delta, in turn, is a function of inlet size and position of the main ebb channel. The swash bar welding process has caused preferential beach nourishment and historical shoreline progradation. Along the East Frisian Islands this process has produced barrier islands with humpbacked, bulbous updrift and bulbous downdrift shapes. The model of barrier island development presented in this paper not only explains well the configuration of the German barriers but also the morphology of barriers along many other mixed energy coasts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(84)90157-9","usgsCitation":"FitzGerald, D.M., Penland, S., and Nummedal, D., 1984, Control of barrier island shape by inlet sediment bypassing: East Frisian Islands, West Germany: Marine Geology, v. 60, no. 1-4, p. 355-376, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(84)90157-9.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"376","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226194,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Germany","otherGeospatial":"East Frisian Islands","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[9.92191,54.9831],[9.93958,54.59664],[10.95011,54.36361],[10.93947,54.00869],[11.95625,54.19649],[12.51844,54.47037],[13.64747,54.07551],[14.11969,53.75703],[14.35332,53.24817],[14.07452,52.98126],[14.4376,52.62485],[14.68503,52.08995],[14.6071,51.74519],[15.017,51.10667],[14.57072,51.00234],[14.30701,51.11727],[14.05623,50.92692],[13.33813,50.73323],[12.96684,50.48408],[12.24011,50.26634],[12.41519,49.96912],[12.52102,49.54742],[13.03133,49.30707],[13.59595,48.87717],[13.24336,48.41611],[12.8841,48.28915],[13.02585,47.63758],[12.93263,47.46765],[12.62076,47.67239],[12.14136,47.70308],[11.42641,47.52377],[10.5445,47.5664],[10.40208,47.30249],[9.89607,47.5802],[9.59423,47.52506],[8.52261,47.83083],[8.3173,47.61358],[7.46676,47.62058],[7.59368,48.33302],[8.09928,49.01778],[6.65823,49.20196],[6.18632,49.4638],[6.24275,49.90223],[6.04307,50.12805],[6.15666,50.80372],[5.98866,51.85162],[6.5894,51.85203],[6.84287,52.22844],[7.09205,53.14404],[6.90514,53.48216],[7.10042,53.69393],[7.93624,53.7483],[8.12171,53.52779],[8.80073,54.02079],[8.57212,54.39565],[8.52623,54.96274],[9.28205,54.83087],[9.92191,54.9831]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Germany\"}}]}","volume":"60","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fb3fe4b0c8380cd4dd9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"FitzGerald, Duncan M.","contributorId":48077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"FitzGerald","given":"Duncan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Penland, S.","contributorId":58778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penland","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nummedal, D.","contributorId":56374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nummedal","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70014072,"text":"70014072 - 1984 - Shoreface translation and the Holocene stratigraphic record: Examples from Nova Scotia, the Mississippi Delta and eastern Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T18:22:01.660768","indexId":"70014072","displayToPublicDate":"1984-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shoreface translation and the Holocene stratigraphic record: Examples from Nova Scotia, the Mississippi Delta and eastern Australia","docAbstract":"<p>Classic descriptive models of barrier sedimentation have been developed with data from the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States. These models are dominated by low to moderate rates of relative sea level (RSL) rise and wave energy. Barriers respond by landward recycling of sediment through the mechanism of shoreface retreat. Sedimentation processes on the central coast of New South Wales (N.S.W.), Australia, consist of rapid RSL rise in early Holocene times followed by a stillstand since 6500 B.P. Wave energy is relatively high year-round and sand sources for barrier formation are only found on the inner shelf. Barrier sedimentation on the central coast of N.S.W. exhibits a thick, composite sequence composed of a basal marine transgressive sand overlain by regressive beach and dune facies. </p><p>The Louisiana coast surrounding the Mississippi delta is underlain by compacting deltaic muds which generate very rapid rates of RSL rise. The Louisiana coast experiences low wave energy punctuated by high-energy tropical and extra-tropical storm events. Barrier sediments accumulate from the erosion of deltaic headlands and undergo a transformation from subaerial barrier island systems to subaqueous shoals located on the inner shelf. Drumlins experience coastal erosion on the Eastern Shore of Nova Scotia and provide a sediment source for compartmented estuary mouth barriers. An ongoing, moderate rise of RSL results from the passage of a glacial forebulge. Wave energy is intermediate between Louisiana and N.S.W. and displays a seasonal pattern dominated by frequent winter storms. Coastal barrier sedimentation is episodic, consisting of a period of beach ridge progradation followed by barrier destruction and re-establishment further landward. </p><p>The three contrasting sedimentary sequences found in examples from Louisiana, N.S.W. and Nova Scotia indicate that presently available sedimentation models from locations such as the middle Atlantic or Texas coasts of the United States may only represent well-documented regional case studies. A true generalised coastal sedimentation model is required which can identify the parameters controlling vertical and horizontal translation of the depositional surface and provide relationships between these parameters which quantitatively predict the genesis, distribution and geometry of coastal sedimentary facies.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(84)90159-2","usgsCitation":"Boyd, R., and Penland, S., 1984, Shoreface translation and the Holocene stratigraphic record: Examples from Nova Scotia, the Mississippi Delta and eastern Australia: Marine Geology, v. 60, no. 1-4, p. 391-412, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(84)90159-2.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"412","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225553,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e8fe4b08c986b3189e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyd, Ron","contributorId":54737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Ron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Penland, S.","contributorId":58778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penland","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014059,"text":"70014059 - 1984 - Tidal-cycle changes in oscillation ripples on the inner part of an estuarine sand flat","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T17:41:57.76612","indexId":"70014059","displayToPublicDate":"1984-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tidal-cycle changes in oscillation ripples on the inner part of an estuarine sand flat","docAbstract":"<p>Oscillation ripples form on subaqueous sand beds when wave-generated, near-bottom water motions are strong enough to move sand grains. The threshold of grain motion is the lower bound of the regime of oscillation ripples and the onset of sheet flow is the upper bound. Based on the relation between ripple spacing and orbital diameter, three types of symmetrical ripples occur within the ripple regime. In the lower part of the ripple regime (orbital ripples), spacing is proportional to orbital diameter; in the upper part (anorbital ripples) spacing is independent of orbital diameter. Between these regions occurs a transitional region (suborbital ripples). </p><p>Oscillation ripples develop on a sandy tidal flat in Willapa Bay, Washington, as a result of waves traversing the area when it is submerged. Because wave energy is usually low within the bay, the ripples are primarily orbital in type. This means that their spacing should respond in a systematic way to changes in wave conditions. During the high-water parts of some tidal cycles, ripples near the beach decrease in spacing during the latter stage of the ebb tide while ripples farther offshore do not change. Observations made over several tidal cycles show that the zone of active ripples shifts on- or offshore in response to different wave conditions. </p><p>Detailed bed profiles and current measurements taken during the high-water part of spring tides show the manner in which the oscillation ripples change with changes in orbital diameter. Changes in ripple spacing at the study site could be correlated with changes in orbital diameter in the manner suggested by the criterion for orbital ripples. However, there appeared to be a lag time between a decrease in orbital diameter and the corresponding decrease in ripple spacing. Absence of change during a tidal cycle could be attributed to orbital velocities below the threshold for grain motion that negated the effects of changes in orbital diameter. </p><p>Because changes in sand-flat ripples depend both upon changes in orbital diameter and upon the magnitude of the orbital velocity, exposed ripples were not necessarily produced during the preceding high tide. In fact, some ripples may have been just produced, while others, farther offshore, may have been produced an unknown number of tides earlier. Therefore, when interpreting past wave conditions over tidal flats from low-tide ripples, one must remember that wave periods have to be short enough to produce velocities greater than the threshold velocity for the orbital diameters calculated from the observed ripple spacings.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elseiver","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(84)90151-8","usgsCitation":"Dingler, J., and Clifton, H., 1984, Tidal-cycle changes in oscillation ripples on the inner part of an estuarine sand flat: Marine Geology, v. 60, no. 1-4, p. 219-233, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(84)90151-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"233","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225356,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Willapa Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.01811915856544,\n              46.6848919713197\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.01811915856544,\n              46.59574247061727\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.9197708611531,\n              46.59574247061727\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.9197708611531,\n              46.6848919713197\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.01811915856544,\n              46.6848919713197\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb37fe4b08c986b325e0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dingler, J.R.","contributorId":64247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dingler","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clifton, H.E.","contributorId":44151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifton","given":"H.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70175961,"text":"wri844188A - 1984 - Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site- An introduction: Chapter A in <i>Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study</i>","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70175961,"text":"wri844188A - 1984 - Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site- An introduction: Chapter A in <i>Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study</i>","indexId":"wri844188A","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site- An introduction: Chapter A in <i>Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study</i>"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":30188,"text":"wri844188 - 1984 - Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study","indexId":"wri844188","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":30188,"text":"wri844188 - 1984 - Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study","indexId":"wri844188","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T12:11:01","indexId":"wri844188A","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4188","chapter":"A","title":"Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site- An introduction: Chapter A in <i>Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study</i>","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey has begun a research project to improve understanding of the mobilization, transport, and fate of petroleum contaminants in the shallow subsurface and to use this understanding to develop predictive models of contaminant behavior. </p><p>The project site is near Bemidji in northern Minnesota where an accidental spill of 10,500 barrels of crude oil occurred when a pipeline broke on August 20, 1979. Regulatory and remedial actions have been completed. The site is in a remote area with neither man-made hydraulic stresses nor other anthropogenic sources of the compounds of interest. The spill is in the recharge area of a local flow system that discharges to a small closed lake approximately 1,000 feet down the hydraulic gradient. The aquifer is pitted outwash dissected by younger glacial channels and is underlain by poorly permeable till at a depth of about 80 feet. Ground water dissolves oil floating on the water table under the spill site and moves toward the lake. At the water table, ground water enters the lake through lacustrine sediments; at depth, flow may be underneath the lake through the outwash. Contaminant transport has been as rapid as 4 feet per day based on the rate of movement of contaminants monitored through wells installed within a few days of the spill, but average rates are undoubtedly much less.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri844188A","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site- An introduction: Chapter A in <i>Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4188, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844188A.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327400,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Bemidji","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.094444,\n              47.576389\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.094444,\n              47.569444\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.083333,\n              47.569444\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.083333,\n              47.576389\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.094444,\n              47.576389\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57bd73dde4b03fd6b7df2cfb"}
,{"id":70211099,"text":"70211099 - 1984 - Volcanic hazards in Indonesia: The 1982-83 eruption of Galunggung","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-15T14:34:44.742582","indexId":"70211099","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-14T13:02:11","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1582,"text":"Episodes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanic hazards in Indonesia: The 1982-83 eruption of Galunggung","docAbstract":"<p><span>Indonesia faces a perpetual volcanic-hazards problem of enormous proportions, exemplified by the 1982-83 eruption of Galunggung in West Java. Though moderate in size, this caused widespread destruction and a marked socio-economic impact on more than half a million people. The prolonged activity provided and opportunity for the Volcanological Survey of Indonesia to conduct systematic monitoring studies for the first time. The lessons learned from this study will be useful in developing mobile, rapid-response monitoring teams to meet future volcanic crises.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"IUGS","doi":"10.18814/epiiugs/1984/v7i2/004","usgsCitation":"Sudradjat, A., and Tilling, R.I., 1984, Volcanic hazards in Indonesia: The 1982-83 eruption of Galunggung: Episodes, v. 7, no. 2, p. 13-19, https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/1984/v7i2/004.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"19","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/1984/v7i2/004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376381,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Indonesia","otherGeospatial":"Galunggung","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              104.39208984375,\n              -8.18974234438369\n            ],\n            [\n              109.44580078125,\n              -8.18974234438369\n            ],\n            [\n              109.44580078125,\n              -5.44102230371796\n            ],\n            [\n              104.39208984375,\n              -5.44102230371796\n            ],\n            [\n              104.39208984375,\n              -8.18974234438369\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sudradjat, A.","contributorId":167407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sudradjat","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tilling, Robert I. 0000-0003-4263-7221 rtilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7221","contributorId":2567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilling","given":"Robert","email":"rtilling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":792768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70211097,"text":"70211097 - 1984 - Forecasting eruptions in the Circum-Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-15T14:35:52.763605","indexId":"70211097","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-14T12:37:32","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5657,"text":"Episodes, Journal of International Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasting eruptions in the Circum-Pacific","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many important advances have been made in the last few years in the techniques and approaches to forecasting volcanic eruptions. Yet some of the most dangerous volcanoes are in countries unable to provide either the equipment or the skills to monitor them and to warn endangered residents. This review of the many scientific, technical, social and even political factory involved in volcano forecasting will be of value to other scientists concerned with monitoring and coping with natural hazards and disasters.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"IUGS","doi":"10.18814/epiiugs/1984/v7i4/002","usgsCitation":"Souther, J., Tilling, R.I., and Punongbayan, R., 1984, Forecasting eruptions in the Circum-Pacific: Episodes, Journal of International Geoscience, v. 7, no. 4, p. 10-18, https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/1984/v7i4/002.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"18","costCenters":[{"id":153,"text":"California Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/1984/v7i4/002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":376380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Souther, J.G.","contributorId":229005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Souther","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tilling, Robert I. 0000-0003-4263-7221 rtilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7221","contributorId":2567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilling","given":"Robert","email":"rtilling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":792763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Punongbayan, R.S.","contributorId":89698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Punongbayan","given":"R.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5221920,"text":"5221920 - 1984 - Contaminant concentrations in manatees in Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-06T15:26:03.773312","indexId":"5221920","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminant concentrations in manatees in Florida","docAbstract":"<p>The status of the endangered manatee (<i>Trichehus manatus</i>) in relation to organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, mercury, lead, cadmium, copper, iron, and selenium was investigated in Florida from 1977 to 1981. Concentrations of organochlorines in blubber, mercury in muscle and liver, lead in liver, and lead and cadmium in kidneys did not indicate high exposure to these contaminants. Only cadmium in kidneys showed a positivde correlation with relative age. Copper concentrations in livers of these aquatic herbivores were significantly elevated in areas of high herbicidal copper usage after adjustment for significant age-related effects. Liver copper concentrations comparable to those associated with toxic effects in some domestic species were found in manatees from areas of high copper herbicide use. The use of copper herbicides for control of aquatic plants should be carefully managed in areas used intensively by manatees.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801421","usgsCitation":"O’Shea, T.J., Moore, J.F., and Kochman, H.I., 1984, Contaminant concentrations in manatees in Florida: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 3, p. 741-748, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801421.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"741","endPage":"748","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197510,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":1001634,"text":"1001634 - 1984 - Evaluation of implanted radio transmitters in ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T16:32:49.060076","indexId":"1001634","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of implanted radio transmitters in ducks","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801452","usgsCitation":"Korschgen, C.E., Maxson, S., and Kuechle, V., 1984, Evaluation of implanted radio transmitters in ducks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 3, p. 982-987, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801452.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"982","endPage":"987","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130640,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a028","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Korschgen, Carl E.","contributorId":29354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korschgen","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maxson, S.J.","contributorId":31343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maxson","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuechle, V.B.","contributorId":83478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuechle","given":"V.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5220768,"text":"5220768 - 1984 - Movements of translocated wolves in Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T17:11:22.117423","indexId":"5220768","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movements of translocated wolves in Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>From Feb. 1975-May 1978, 104 wolves (<i>Canis lupus</i>) captured at or near Minnesota farms where depredations on livestock had been reported were translocated northward and eastward for 50-317 km into extensive forests; 3 others were released westward. Nine wolves were translocated twice, and 1 three times. Information on movements was obtained by radiotracking 17 wolves and by recovery of 16 others. All radio-tagged wolves left the release areas; adults left quickly, but pups generally remained longer, behaved less decisively, and settled nearby temporarily. Wolves released together did not remain together. Initial travel of most radio-tagged adults was between south and west, the general direction to their original location. Final directions were primarily to the west and northwest, due in part to physiographic barriers. Eight adults homed, 1 twice, to capture areas that were &lt; 64 km from release sites. Nonhoming wolves were radiotracked and/or recovered 32-351 km from their capture sites and 23-302 km from their release sites. Translocation was largely unsuccessful at keeping problem wolves out of lifestock production areas. The problem of initial travel away from release sites in wolf reintroductions probably could be minimized by transport and release of 6-9 mo. old wolves.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801418","usgsCitation":"Fritts, S., Paul, W., and Mech, L., 1984, Movements of translocated wolves in Minnesota: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 3, p. 709-721, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801418.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"709","endPage":"721","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197771,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70039255,"text":"70039255 - 1984 - National Cartographic Information Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-04T01:01:57","indexId":"70039255","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-01T13:53:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"National Cartographic Information Center","docAbstract":"The National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC) exists to help you find maps of all kinds and much of the data and materials used to compile and to print them. NCIC collects, sorts and describes all types of cartographic information from Federal, State and local government agencies and, where possible, from private companies in the mapping business. It is the public's primary source for cartographic information. (See partial list of Federal agencies and their map and other cartographic products.)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70039255","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, National Cartographic Information Center: General Information Product, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039255.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":409,"text":"National Cartographic Information Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261487,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039255/report.pdf"},{"id":261488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039255/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6198e4b0c8380cd71a5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5222204,"text":"5222204 - 1984 - Volatile constituents of wolf (Canis lupus) urine as related to gender and season","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-27T14:29:39.486464","indexId":"5222204","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-01T12:19:26","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1606,"text":"Experientia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Volatile constituents of wolf (<i>Canis lupus</i>) urine as related to gender and season","title":"Volatile constituents of wolf (Canis lupus) urine as related to gender and season","docAbstract":"<p><span>The volatile constituents of wolf urine were examined via capillary gas chromatography and compared among male, female, and castrate male. Several compounds including methyl isopentyl sulfide, 3,5-dimethyl-2-octanone, and acetophenone were clearly associated with the gender of the animal and many displayed a seasonal dependence. In addition, 2 long-chain aldehydes isolated from urine samples by an HPLC procedure also correlated with the endocrine status of the animal.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/BF01949734","usgsCitation":"Raymer, J., Wiesler, D., Novotny, M., Asa, C., Seal, U., and Mech, L.D., 1984, Volatile constituents of wolf (Canis lupus) urine as related to gender and season: Experientia, v. 40, no. 7, p. 707-709, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01949734.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"707","endPage":"709","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201625,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdb10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raymer, J.","contributorId":94003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raymer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiesler, D.","contributorId":43072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiesler","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Novotny, M.","contributorId":27970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novotny","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Asa, C.","contributorId":64761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asa","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seal, U.S.","contributorId":40564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seal","given":"U.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70234307,"text":"70234307 - 1984 - On recent advances in strong-motion data acquisition capabilities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-08T15:56:29.205814","indexId":"70234307","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-01T10:46:13","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"On recent advances in strong-motion data acquisition capabilities","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the eighth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering San Francisco, California, 1984","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"World Conference on Earthquake Engineering","conferenceDate":"July 21-28, 1984","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, California, United States","language":"English","publisher":"Prentice-Hall","usgsCitation":"Borcherdt, R.D., 1984, On recent advances in strong-motion data acquisition capabilities, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the eighth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering San Francisco, California, 1984, v. 2, San Francisco, California, United States, July 21-28, 1984, p. 63-69.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"69","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":404918,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":404917,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/eighth_conf_California/#Volume_II"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borcherdt, Roger D. 0000-0002-8668-0849 borcherdt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8668-0849","contributorId":2373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borcherdt","given":"Roger","email":"borcherdt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70120846,"text":"70120846 - 1984 - Responses of wintering bald eagles to boating activity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T09:04:55","indexId":"70120846","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-01T08:59:05","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Responses of wintering bald eagles to boating activity","docAbstract":"Wintering populations of bald eagles show a close association with open water (Spencer 1976, Steenhof 1978).  With the dramatic increase in the use of waterways for recreational activity in recent decades (Brockman and Merriam 1973, Jensen 1973), concern has arisen regarding the effects of boating activity on wintering eagles (Stalmaster 1980).  Boating activity can be detrimental because it disrupts feeding activity and affects large areas in short periods of time (Skagen 1980, Stalmaster 1980).  Disturbance may result in increased energy expenditures due to avoidance flights and decreased energy intake due to interference with feeding activity (Stalmaster 1980).  In this paper we examine flushing responses and flight distances of wintering bald eagles to a canoe of two adjacent rivers with widely disparate levels of boating activity.  We examine individual and interactive effects of eagle age, behavior, and social grouping.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.2307/3801456","usgsCitation":"Knight, R., and Knight, S.K., 1984, Responses of wintering bald eagles to boating activity: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 3, p. 999-1004, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801456.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"999","endPage":"1004","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292358,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292357,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3801456"}],"volume":"48","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25fece4b033341871894f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knight, Richard L.","contributorId":46014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Richard L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knight, Susan K.","contributorId":22699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1013714,"text":"1013714 - 1984 - Biotic and abiotic influences on corticosteroid hormone rhythms in channel catfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-09T17:29:27.722783","indexId":"1013714","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biotic and abiotic influences on corticosteroid hormone rhythms in channel catfish","docAbstract":"<p><span>Plasma‐corticosteroid concentrations in resting channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus held at 21 C varied only slightly during a 24‐hour period; further, increases in hormone concentrations induced by confinement stress were independent of time of day and photoperiod. Temperature strongly affected both resting corticosteroid concentrations and the dynamics of hormone secretion when fish were stressed. Resting concentrations were greatest in fish acclimated to 5 and 10 C (25–29 ng/ml), sharply lower in fish held at 15, 20, or 21 C (5–9 ng/ml), and intermediate in fish maintained at 25, 30, or 35 C (12–13 ng/ml). Hormone concentrations increased when fish were stressed by confinement. Corticosteroid concentrations hardly changed in fish held at 5 or 10 C, but increased markedly in fish at higher temperatures; in addition the response was more delayed at the lower temperatures.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1984)113<414:BAAIOC>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Davis, K.B., Suttle, M.A., and Parker, N., 1984, Biotic and abiotic influences on corticosteroid hormone rhythms in channel catfish: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 113, no. 4, p. 414-421, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1984)113<414:BAAIOC>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"414","endPage":"421","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129677,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a30e4b07f02db616971","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, K. B.","contributorId":83869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Suttle, M. A.","contributorId":54926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suttle","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, N. C.","contributorId":101209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"N. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1007788,"text":"1007788 - 1984 - Distribution and abundance of manatees along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-22T16:18:19.009515","indexId":"1007788","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2893,"text":"Northeast Gulf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and abundance of manatees along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p><span>A review of historical and recent records of manatee (</span><i>Trichechus manatus</i><span>) sightings along the coast of the northern Gulf of Mexico indicates that their numbers have declined in Texas, but increased in Louisiana and Mississippi. This is due to their extirpation in Mexico and dramatic increase along the southern Big Bend coast of northwestern peninsular Florida. The distribution of manatees along the southern Big Bend coast is related to their need for warm water and the distribution of fresh water and submerged aquatic and marine food plants. The spring-fed headwaters of Crystal and Homosassa rivers are important warm water winter refuges; nearly 90% of the same individuals return each winter. The estuaries and grass beds associated with these two rivers and the Suwannee, Withlacoochee, and Chasshowitzka rivers are the principal summer habitats. The Suwannee and Crystal rivers are \"high-use\" rivers, whereas the other three are \"low-use\" rivers. Low human-caused mortality, high fecundity, some immigration, and high site fidelity are responsible for the increasing numbers of manatees using the southern Big Bend coast. Since this region of Florida has experienced relatively little development compared with the rest of the state, the best long-term future for this endangered marine mammal in the United States lies along the southern Big Bend coast.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Southern Mississippi","doi":"10.18785/negs.0701.01","usgsCitation":"Powell, J.A., and Rathbun, G.B., 1984, Distribution and abundance of manatees along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico: Northeast Gulf Science, v. 7, no. 1, p. 1-28, https://doi.org/10.18785/negs.0701.01.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"28","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487353,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.18785/negs.0701.01","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":129891,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.98592346769641,\n              28.498746302439358\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.67854610938294,\n              27.602908161538153\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.89786006663823,\n              26.38394540204125\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.04055547073492,\n              27.385682864811955\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.4540744838318,\n              28.866038193219893\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.89337025486425,\n              30.54395034408816\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.4536766587143,\n              30.576535077618825\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.27482153856029,\n              30.264837452685704\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.09596641840628,\n              29.95313982775258\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.30150346948159,\n              29.9019160676556\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.98592346769641,\n              28.498746302439358\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1984-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a073","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, J. A.","contributorId":69916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powell","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rathbun, G. B.","contributorId":106044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1013861,"text":"1013861 - 1984 - Portable zooplankton sampling apparatus for hatchery ponds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-31T16:31:15.365759","indexId":"1013861","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Portable zooplankton sampling apparatus for hatchery ponds","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1984)46<209:PZSAFH>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Farquhar, B.W., and Geiger, J.G., 1984, Portable zooplankton sampling apparatus for hatchery ponds: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 46, no. 3, p. 209-211, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1984)46<209:PZSAFH>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"211","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131599,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683d2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farquhar, Bobby W.","contributorId":214767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farquhar","given":"Bobby","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geiger, J. G.","contributorId":29340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geiger","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1001342,"text":"1001342 - 1984 - Organochlorine contaminants in California waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T15:55:54.408383","indexId":"1001342","displayToPublicDate":"1984-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine contaminants in California waterfowl","docAbstract":"<p>Concern has been expressed that the extensive use of organochlorine pesticides in California may be exposing waterfowl to hazardous contaminant levels. The objectives of our study were to: (1) determine concentrations of organochlorines in northern pintails (<i>Anas acuta</i>) from five important waterfowl wintering areas in California; (2) compare concentrations of organochlorines in selected species with emphasis on relationships to their diets; and (3) determine the relationship between concentrations of organochlorines in wings and carcasses of pintails. In the 1980-81 hunting season, we obtained wings of pintails, canvasbacks (<i>Aythya valisineria</i>), and lesser scaups (<i>A. affinis</i>) from the Pacific Flyway survey of waterfowl productivity, and we collected additional pintails and northern shovelers (<i>Anas clypeata</i>) in the Sacramento Valley. Concentrations of all compounds in pintail wings were below 1 ppm (wet weight), but residues were higher in wings from pintails shot late in the hunting season than early in the season, suggesting that accumulation of chemicals occurs while ducks are wintering in California. Highest concentrations were found in pintails from the southern regions and lowest in those from the northern regions of the state. DDE was significantly higher in males than in females. Wings of diving ducks were too few to enable statistical comparisons. Carcasses of shovelers contained residues of a wide array of organochlorines and significantly (P &lt; 0.001) higher mean concentrations of DDE (0.68 ppm) than did pintails (0.12 ppm) collected at the same time and place. On a wet-weight basis, concentrations of DDE and DDT in the wings of pintails were about half those in the carcasses. Overall, concentrations of organochlorines were relatively low in all species and probably would have no effect on population survival or reproduction. However, some individuals contained elevated and possibly harmful levels of certain chemicals.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801433","usgsCitation":"Ohlendorf, H.M., and Miller, M.R., 1984, Organochlorine contaminants in California waterfowl: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 3, p. 867-877, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801433.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"867","endPage":"877","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133791,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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