{"pageNumber":"5124","pageRowStart":"128075","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70120855,"text":"70120855 - 1984 - A field test of a winter pronghorn habitat suitability index model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T09:34:18","indexId":"70120855","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-10T09:33:27","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"A field test of a winter pronghorn habitat suitability index model","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Eleventh biennial pronghorn antelope workshop","conferenceTitle":"Eleventh biennial pronghorn antelope workshop","conferenceDate":"1984-04-10T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Corpus Christi, TX","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Cook, J., Allen, A.W., Armbruster, M., and Irwin, L., 1984, A field test of a winter pronghorn habitat suitability index model, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292374,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25fc1e4b03334187188f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cook, J.G.","contributorId":75885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Arthur W.","contributorId":40648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Armbruster, M.J.","contributorId":21127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armbruster","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irwin, L.L.","contributorId":72579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70120851,"text":"70120851 - 1984 - The physical habitat simulation system for instream flow studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T09:22:23","indexId":"70120851","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-06T09:21:20","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"The physical habitat simulation system for instream flow studies","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of Third Conference of ASCE: Computing in Civil Engineering","conferenceTitle":"Computing in Civil Engineering","conferenceDate":"1984-04-02T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","usgsCitation":"Milhous, R.T., 1984, The physical habitat simulation system for instream flow studies, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25ff3e4b0333418718978","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milhous, Robert T.","contributorId":28646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milhous","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70175964,"text":"wri844188D - 1984 - Determination of hydraulic conductivity in three dimensions and its relation to dispersivity: Chapter D in <i>Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study</i>","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70175964,"text":"wri844188D - 1984 - Determination of hydraulic conductivity in three dimensions and its relation to dispersivity: Chapter D in <i>Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study</i>","indexId":"wri844188D","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Determination of hydraulic conductivity in three dimensions and its relation to dispersivity: Chapter D in <i>Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study</i>"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":30188,"text":"wri844188 - 1984 - Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study","indexId":"wri844188","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":30188,"text":"wri844188 - 1984 - Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study","indexId":"wri844188","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-19T10:13:22","indexId":"wri844188D","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4188","chapter":"D","title":"Determination of hydraulic conductivity in three dimensions and its relation to dispersivity: Chapter D in <i>Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study</i>","docAbstract":"<p>Recent investigations suggest that dispersion in aquifers is scale dependent and a function of the heterogeneity of aquifer materials. Theoretical stochastic studies indicate that determining hydraulic-conductivity variability in three dimensions is important in analyzing the dispersion process. Even though field methods are available to approximate hydraulic conductivity in three dimensions, the methods are not generally used because of high cost of field equipment and because measurement and analysis techniques are cumbersome and time consuming. </p><p>The hypothesis of this study is that field-determined values of dispersivity are scale dependent and that they may be described as a function of hydraulic conductivity in three dimensions. The objectives of the study at the Bemidji research site are to (1) determine hydraulic conductivity of the porous media in three dimensions, (2) determine field values of dispersivity and its scale dependence on hydraulic conductivity, and (3) develop and apply a computerized data-collection, storage, and analysis system for field use in comprehensive determination of hydraulic conductivity and dispersivity. </p><p>Plans for this investigation involve a variety of methods of analysis. Hydraulic conductivity will be determined separately in the horizontal and vertical planes of the hydraulic-conductivity ellipsoid. Field values of dispersivity will be determined by single-well and doublet-well injection or withdrawal tests with tracers. A computerized data-collection, storage, and analysis system to measure pressure, flow rate, tracer concentrations, and temperature will be designed for field testing. Real-time computer programs will be used to analyze field data. The initial methods of analysis will be utilized to meet the objectives of the study. </p><p>Preliminary field data indicate the aquifer underlying the Bemidji site is vertically heterogeneous, cross-bedded outwash. Preliminary analysis of the flow field around a hypothetical doublet-well tracer test indicates that the location of the wells can affect the field value of dispersivity. Preliminary analysis also indicates that different values of dispersivity may result from anisotropic conditions in tests in which observation wells are located at equal radial distances from either the injection or withdrawal well. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri844188D","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Determination of hydraulic conductivity in three dimensions and its relation to dispersivity: Chapter D in <i>Ground-water contamination by crude oil at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site; US Geological Survey Toxic Waste--ground-water contamination study</i>: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4188, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844188D.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"64","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327405,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57bd73b9e4b03fd6b7df2c87"}
,{"id":70013901,"text":"70013901 - 1984 - Major carbon-14 deficiency in modern snail shells from southern Nevada springs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-20T16:50:08.550523","indexId":"70013901","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Major carbon-14 deficiency in modern snail shells from southern Nevada springs","docAbstract":"<p><span>Carbon-14 contents as low as 3.3 ± 0.2 percent modern (apparent age, 27,000 years) measured from the shells of snails&nbsp;</span><i>Melanoides tuberculatus</i><span>&nbsp;living in artesian springs in southern Nevada are attributed to fixation of dissolved HCO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup><span>&nbsp;with which the shells are in carbon isotope equilibrium. Recognition of the existence of such extreme deficiencies is necessary so that erroneous ages are not attributed to freshwater biogenic carbonates.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.224.4644.58","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Riggs, A., 1984, Major carbon-14 deficiency in modern snail shells from southern Nevada springs: Science, v. 224, no. 4644, p. 58-61, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.224.4644.58.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"58","endPage":"61","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225989,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"southern Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.88277512777015,\n              38.33012887684694\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.61336760787137,\n              35.00673221663355\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.7498545050421,\n              36.019978816516755\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.96172703683513,\n              36.09823319683615\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.02928384201977,\n              38.352235693453565\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.88277512777015,\n              38.33012887684694\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"224","issue":"4644","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4c0ce4b0c8380cd69988","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riggs, A.C.","contributorId":41462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggs","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001586,"text":"1001586 - 1984 - Wood duck and hooded merganser nesting on Arrowwood NWR, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T16:26:06.032491","indexId":"1001586","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wood duck and hooded merganser nesting on Arrowwood NWR, North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801193","usgsCitation":"Doty, H.A., Lee, F., Kruse, A., Matthews, J., Foster, J.R., and Arnold, P.M., 1984, Wood duck and hooded merganser nesting on Arrowwood NWR, North Dakota: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 2, p. 577-580, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801193.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"577","endPage":"580","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130416,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Arrowwood National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.525390625,\n              47.37603463349758\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.14111328125,\n              47.37603463349758\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.14111328125,\n              47.98256841921405\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.525390625,\n              47.98256841921405\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.525390625,\n              47.37603463349758\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df931","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doty, Harold A.","contributorId":17565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doty","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, F.B.","contributorId":30174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"F.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kruse, A.D.","contributorId":19900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kruse","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Matthews, J.W.","contributorId":73544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthews","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Foster, John R.","contributorId":345902,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foster","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":917809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arnold, Phillip M.","contributorId":44609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":917810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70013184,"text":"70013184 - 1984 - Observations on Cretaceous abyssal hills in the northeast Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T16:42:56.983589","indexId":"70013184","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observations on Cretaceous abyssal hills in the northeast Pacific","docAbstract":"<p><span>An abyssal hills area of 50 × 60 km in the northeast Pacific was studied using bottom transponder navigation, closely spaced survey lines, and long-traverse oblique photography. The block-faulted north—south hills are bounded by scarps, commonly with 40° slopes. On these steep scarps sedimentation is inhibited and pillow basalts often crop out. An ash layer of high acoustic reflectivity at about 7 m subbottom depth blankets the area. This ash occurs in multiple beds altered to phillipsite and is highly consolidated. A 24 m.y. age for the ash is based on ichthyolith dates from samples in the overlying sediments. Acoustically transparent Neogene sediments above the ash are thickest in trough bottoms and are absent or thin on steep slopes. These Neogene sediments are composed of pale-brown pelagic clays of illite, quartz, smectite, chlorite and kaolinite. Dark-brown pelagic clays, rich in smectite and amorphous iron oxides, underlie the Neogene surficial sediments. Manganese nodules cover the bottom in varying percentages. The nodules are most abundant near basement outcrops and where the subbottom ash layer is absent.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elseiver","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(84)90005-7","usgsCitation":"Eittreim, S.L., Piper, D., Chezar, H., Jones, D., and Kaneps, A., 1984, Observations on Cretaceous abyssal hills in the northeast Pacific: Marine Geology, v. 56, no. 1-4, p. 41-64, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(84)90005-7.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"64","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220467,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6ac8e4b0c8380cd74361","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eittreim, Stephen L.","contributorId":8452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eittreim","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Piper, D.Z.","contributorId":34154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piper","given":"D.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chezar, H.","contributorId":52321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chezar","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, D.R.","contributorId":80670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kaneps, A.","contributorId":37211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaneps","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1001584,"text":"1001584 - 1984 - Renesting by canvasbacks in southwestern Manitoba","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T16:17:17.955422","indexId":"1001584","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Renesting by canvasbacks in southwestern Manitoba","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801194","usgsCitation":"Doty, H.A., Trauger, D.L., and Serie, J.R., 1984, Renesting by canvasbacks in southwestern Manitoba: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 2, p. 581-584, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801194.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"581","endPage":"584","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129260,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"Manitoba","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -101.5576171875,\n              49.095452162534826\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.81103515625,\n              49.095452162534826\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.81103515625,\n              50.666872321810715\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.5576171875,\n              50.666872321810715\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.5576171875,\n              49.095452162534826\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db633ffd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doty, Harold A.","contributorId":17565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doty","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trauger, David L.","contributorId":107682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trauger","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Serie, Jerome R.","contributorId":174564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Serie","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1003850,"text":"1003850 - 1984 - Avian cholera in the central and Mississippi flyways 1979-80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T16:37:33.465507","indexId":"1003850","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian cholera in the central and Mississippi flyways 1979-80","docAbstract":"<p>Waterfowl mortality from avian cholera during July 1979-May 1980 was widespread in the Central and Mississippi flyways, occurring in a wide variety of species and locations from nesting grounds of snow geese (<i>Chen caerulescens</i>) on Hudson Bay south to waterfowl wintering areas on the Texas coast and playa lakes region. Mortality estimates at the various sites ranged from several birds to over 72,000. The chronological and geographic occurrence of outbreaks corresponded closely to waterfowl migrations from infected sites, suggesting that waterfowl served to distribute avian cholera along migration routes. Recurrent outbreaks at several locations suggest that these sites have become enzootic for this disease. The magnitude of avian cholera mortality and its geographic spread during 1979-80 underscores the need to address management of this disease on an intra- and inter-flyway basis.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801171","usgsCitation":"Brand, C.J., 1984, Avian cholera in the central and Mississippi flyways 1979-80: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 2, p. 399-406, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801171.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"406","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134259,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Central & Mississippi flyways","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      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}\n  ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64af9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brand, Christopher J. cbrand@usgs.gov","contributorId":1186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"Christopher","email":"cbrand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":314462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001397,"text":"1001397 - 1984 - Comparative ability of northern pintails, gadwalls, and northern shovelers to metabolize foods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T16:00:50.362161","indexId":"1001397","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative ability of northern pintails, gadwalls, and northern shovelers to metabolize foods","docAbstract":"<p>Feeding trials were used to compare the ability of northern pintails (<i>Anas acuta</i>), gadwalls (<i>A. strepera</i>), and northern shovelers (<i>A. clypeata</i>) to metabolize energy from a turkey starter ration, alfalfa pellets, and common barnyardgrass (<i>Echinochloa crusgalli</i>) seeds. No differences (P &gt; 0.05) were detected among the three species for any of the three foods (kg body weight/day basis), for dry matter intake (DMI), body weight gain (BWG), apparent metabolizable energy (AME), or metabolized energy (MEE) on any given diet consumed in quantities large enough to promote body weight gain. The AME content of alfalfa was 57% less than the value for turkey starter and 50% less than for barnyardgrass seeds. All three species metabolized more energy and gained weight faster when fed turkey starter. Energy modeling may be facilitated if additional research verifies that all species of dabbling ducks have equal ability to obtain energy from foods available to them in the wild. Behavioral and morphological factors may be more important in defining feeding niches than digestive physiology, at least for the three duck species tested, at the time of year of the experiments, and within the limits of the quality of foods used.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801167","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.R., 1984, Comparative ability of northern pintails, gadwalls, and northern shovelers to metabolize foods: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 2, p. 362-370, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801167.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"362","endPage":"370","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133760,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae5a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Michael R.","contributorId":45796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12709,"text":"Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":310970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001561,"text":"1001561 - 1984 - Habitat use by migrant sandhill cranes in Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T16:13:02.990146","indexId":"1001561","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat use by migrant sandhill cranes in Nebraska","docAbstract":"<p>The principal spring staging areas of the midcontinent population of sandhill cranes (<i>Grus canadensis</i>) are along the Platte and North Platte rivers in south-central Nebraska. Most of these lands are privately owned and managed for corn and cattle production. Diurnal habitat use by radio-tagged cranes was primarily in cropland (55%), native grassland (28%), and tame hayland (15%). Ninety-nine percent of the cropland use was in cornfields; 55% as grazed stubble, 36% as disced, cultivated, and plowed stubble, 7% as ungrazed stubble, and 1% unclassified. Grazed pastures accounted for 93% of the grassland locations and mowed alfalfa fields 77% of the tame hayland locations. Other habitats were seldom used. Time budget analyses indicated that cranes, while in croplands, grasslands, and haylands, spent 35, 36, and 50% of the time foraging, respectively. Cranes roosted in the shallows and on nearby sandbars of about 111 km of river channel. Cranes usually roosted where the channel was at least 150 m wide and avoided stretches narrower than 50 m. Height of woody vegetation along shorelines and on islands influenced where cranes roosted when unobstructed channel width was less than 150 m; bridges or roads adjacent to the channel also reduced use by about half. Management recommendations are made for maintaining suitable habitat for sandhill cranes on their staging areas in Nebraska.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801172","usgsCitation":"Krapu, G.L., Facey, D., Fritzell, E., and Johnson, D., 1984, Habitat use by migrant sandhill cranes in Nebraska: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 2, p. 407-417, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801172.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"407","endPage":"417","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133741,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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 \"}}]}","volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db6485c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krapu, Gary L. 0000-0001-8482-6130 gkrapu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8482-6130","contributorId":3074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krapu","given":"Gary","email":"gkrapu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":311255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Facey, D.E.","contributorId":62168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Facey","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fritzell, E.K.","contributorId":35685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritzell","given":"E.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":220516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":311257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1001233,"text":"1001233 - 1984 - Nest spacing, habitat selection, and behavior of waterfowl on Miller Lake Island, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T15:51:04.682079","indexId":"1001233","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nest spacing, habitat selection, and behavior of waterfowl on Miller Lake Island, North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>The nesting behavior of a concentration of nesting mallards (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>) and gadwalls (<i>A. strepera</i>) was studied on a 4.5-ha island in Miller Lake, North Dakota, in 1977. A single 0.59-ha clump of thick shrub contained 225 simultaneously active mallard nests on 10 May. During the peak nesting period, mallard nests were spaced an average of 2.7 m from conspecifics. Active nests of all species peaked at 327, spaced an average of 2.1 m apart. Nests were clustered in thick shrub with moderate numbers in open shrub and few in grassland. Nest placement was significantly related to the amount of vegetative screening although mammalian predators were absent on the island. Cover density appeared to be important to the nesting hens as vegetation screened nests from potential avian predators and from harassment by other conspecific nesting hens and drakes. Mallards and gadwalls nesting on this island used wetlands in &gt;100 km2 around Miller Lake. During daylight hours in late April 1978, an average of 4.9 mallards/minute arrived at the island; a peak of 17.2 mallards/minute arrived at 0800. In late April 1978, as many as 26 mallard pairs/ha occurred on favored wetlands and behavioral aggression was intense. Yet, most mallard hens maintained adequate space to acquire food and other requisites. Mallards and gadwalls were sufficiently adaptable to successfully exploit the Miller Lake island and environments that resulted in high reproductive success. Other local breeding Anatidae because of behavioral constraints were unable to exploit the same situation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801163","usgsCitation":"Lokemoen, J.T., Duebbert, H.F., and Sharp, D., 1984, Nest spacing, habitat selection, and behavior of waterfowl on Miller Lake Island, North Dakota: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 2, p. 309-321, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801163.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"321","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133658,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Miller Lake 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Dakota\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db686126","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lokemoen, John T.","contributorId":15555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lokemoen","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duebbert, Harold F.","contributorId":18041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duebbert","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sharp, David E.","contributorId":12592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"David E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1001446,"text":"1001446 - 1984 - Ecological distribution and crude density of breeding birds on prairie wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T16:05:30.144261","indexId":"1001446","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecological distribution and crude density of breeding birds on prairie wetlands","docAbstract":"Breeding populations of 28 species of wetland-dwelling birds other than waterfowl (Anatidae) were censused on 1,321 wetlands lying within the prairie pothole region of North Dakota. Ecological distribution and two crude measures of relative density were calculated for the 22 commonest species using eight wetland classes. Semipermanent wetlands supported nearly two-thirds of the population and were used by all 22 species, whereas seasonal wetlands contained about one-third of the population and were used by 20 species Semipermanent, fen, and temporary wetlands contained highest bird densities on the basis of wetland area; on the basis of wetland unit, densities were highest on semipermanent, permanent, alkali, and fen wetlands. The highest ranking of semipermanent wetlands by all three measures of use was probably because these wetlands, as well as being relatively numerous and large, were vegetatively diverse. The fairly large proportion of the bird population supported by seasonal wetlands was a result of wetland abundance and moderate vegetative diversity. Increased vegetative diversity results from the development of characteristic zones of hydrophytes at sites where water persists longer during the growing season. Frequent cultivation of prairie wetlands results in the replacement of tall, robust perennials by bare soil or stands of short, weak-stemmed annuals that likely are unattractive to nesting birds.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801174","usgsCitation":"Kantrud, H.A., and Stewart, R., 1984, Ecological distribution and crude density of breeding birds on prairie wetlands: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 2, p. 426-437, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801174.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"426","endPage":"437","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488170,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3801174","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133367,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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,{"id":70013307,"text":"70013307 - 1984 - Discovery of two new large submarine canyons in the Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T17:01:52.772728","indexId":"70013307","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discovery of two new large submarine canyons in the Bering Sea","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Beringian continental margin is incised by some of the world's largest submarine canyons. Two newly discovered canyons, St. Matthew and Middle, are hereby added to the roster of Bering Sea canyons. Although these canyons are smaller and not cut back into the Bering shelf like the five very large canyons, they are nonetheless comparable in size to most of the canyons that have been cut into the U.S. eastern continental margin and much larger than the well-known southern California canyons. Both igneous and sedimentary rocks of Eocene to Pliocene age have been dredged from the walls of St. Matthew and Middle Canyons as well as from the walls of several of the other Beringian margin canyons, thus suggesting a late Tertiary to Quaternary genesis of the canyons. We speculate that the ancestral Yukon and possibly Anadyr Rivers were instrumental in initiating the canyon-cutting processes, but that, due to restrictions imposed by island and subsea bedrock barriers, cutting of the two newly discovered canyons may have begun later and been slower than for the other five canyons.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(84)90011-2","usgsCitation":"Carlson, P.R., and Karl, H.A., 1984, Discovery of two new large submarine canyons in the Bering Sea: Marine Geology, v. 56, no. 1-4, p. 159-179, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(84)90011-2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"179","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220365,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -175.70567061914593,\n              64.7045344412486\n            ],\n            [\n              -175.70567061914593,\n              60.36782445864782\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.4061387257148,\n              60.36782445864782\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.4061387257148,\n              64.7045344412486\n            ],\n            [\n              -175.70567061914593,\n              64.7045344412486\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01f3e4b0c8380cd4fdec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, Paul R.","contributorId":81469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karl, Herman A.","contributorId":80649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70120868,"text":"70120868 - 1984 - Refuge management analyses: levee alternatives at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T10:28:49","indexId":"70120868","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-01T10:25:01","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"W/AEAG-84/W06","title":"Refuge management analyses: levee alternatives at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge","docAbstract":"<p>This report documents the results of a workshop that examined levee alternatives at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge. This refuge is located along the Mississippi River, approximately 50 miles north of St. Louis. It was purchased primarily for waterfowl maintenance. A levee providing flood protection from the Mississippi River has broken four times since the Refuge was acquired in 1965. A number of alternatives have been proposed in response to the most recent break in 1983. Long term alternatives considered at the workshop included:</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Improve the existing levee by raising the height approximately 2 ft.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Improve the existing levee by raising the height approximately 2 ft.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Maintain the levee at a lower elevation by including a spillway about 3 ft lower than the existing levee height.</p.\n<br/>\n<p>Do not maintain a levee so that the Refuge will flood directly with river stage.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Repair of the major breaks in the levee, but not the more general wave damage, was considered as a short term alternative.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Participants first specified the habitats and management controls desired at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge. These were centered around attaining the maximum feasible development and management of moist soil units. Levee alternatives were evaluated in terms of their ability to provide the desired habitats and management controls. Preliminary cost estimates were prepared for each alternative, and the qualitative consequences of each alternative identified for the full set of outputs from the Refuge Master Plan.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The alternative of improving the existing levee by raising the height was unanimously preferred on purely “biological” grounds (with cost not considered). Repairing the levee with no change in elevation was unanimously selected as the most cost effective alternative.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Western Energy and Land Use Team","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Auble, G.T., Hamilton, D.B., and Roelle, J.E., 1984, Refuge management analyses: levee alternatives at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge, 40 p.","productDescription":"40 p.","numberOfPages":"40","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292390,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.818333,39.251986 ], [ -90.818333,39.284954 ], [ -90.750087,39.284954 ], [ -90.750087,39.251986 ], [ -90.818333,39.251986 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25febe4b033341871894b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Auble, Gregor T. 0000-0002-0843-2751 aubleg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0843-2751","contributorId":2187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"Gregor","email":"aubleg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamilton, David B. hamiltond@usgs.gov","contributorId":193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"David","email":"hamiltond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":498515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roelle, James E. roelleb@usgs.gov","contributorId":2330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelle","given":"James","email":"roelleb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70230758,"text":"70230758 - 1984 - Cenozoic plate motions and the volcano-tectonic evolution of western Oregon and Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-25T14:49:39.477786","indexId":"70230758","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-01T09:39:14","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cenozoic plate motions and the volcano-tectonic evolution of western Oregon and Washington","docAbstract":"<p><span>A refined northeast Pacific plate-motion model provides a framework for analysis of the Tertiary volcanic and tectonic history of western Oregon and Washington. We examine three possible models for the origin of the allochthonous Paleocene and Eocene oceanic basalt basement of the Coast Range: (1) accretion to the continent of hot spot generated linear seamount chains; (2) accretion of thick oceanic crust and seamounts generated during Farallon-Kula spreading reorganizations between 61 and 48 Ma; and (3) eruption of basalt during oblique rifting of the continental margin as it overrode an active Yellowstone hot spot on the Kula-Farallon ridge. The plate model suggests that microplate rotation and accretion of hot spot generated linear aseismic ridges cannot be easily reconciled with rapid northeast motion of the KuIa and Farallon plates and the well-established paleomagnetic rotations. Following emplacement of the Coast Range basement, changes in the character of forearc, back arc and Cascade arc volcanism correlate with a marked decrease in the rate of Farallon-North America convergence between 43 and and 28 Ma. This slowdown may be responsible for (1) westward stepping of the volcanic arc front from the Challis axis to a Cascade axis at about 42 Ma; (2) a subsequent episode of increased ash flow tuff volcanism and extension in the Cascade arc between 37 and 18 Ma that correlates with the “ignimbrite flare-up” in the Basin and Range; and (3) a period of extensional basaltic and alkalic volcanism and intrusion in the Coast Range between 44 and 28 Ma. Reduction of the convergence rate and westward stepping of the flexure in the subducted slab may have reduced the horizontal compressive stress on the continent, allowing increased injection of magma into the crust, development of large, shallow magma chambers, and the outbreak of extensional volcanism over a large area behind the Farallon-North America subduction zone.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TC003i002p00275","usgsCitation":"Wells, R.E., Engebretson, D.C., Snavely, P.D., and Coe, R.S., 1984, Cenozoic plate motions and the volcano-tectonic evolution of western Oregon and Washington: Tectonics, v. 3, no. 2, p. 275-294, https://doi.org/10.1029/TC003i002p00275.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"275","endPage":"294","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science 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 \"}}]}","volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":149772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engebretson, David C.","contributorId":205487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engebretson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":841292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snavely, P. D. Jr.","contributorId":22770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snavely","given":"P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":841293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coe, R. S.","contributorId":81228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coe","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":841294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70120852,"text":"70120852 - 1984 - Estimating the effect of hunting on annual survival rates of adult mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T17:00:02.257322","indexId":"70120852","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-01T09:23:09","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the effect of hunting on annual survival rates of adult mallards","docAbstract":"Management programs for waterfowl populations include rationale for, and establishment of, hunting regulations.  These programs rest partially on the results of scientific studies on the effect of harvest rates on annual survival rates.  The evidence of this relationship has changed markedly since the mid-1970's, and it is not widely believed that a largely compensatory relationship exists between hunting mortality and other forms of mortality for the mallard (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>).  This paper employs a general probabilistic model formulated to include a parameter (b) representing a continuum between complete compensation (b=0) and total additivity (b=1).  Maximum likelihood estimates of this parameter were computer for 47 data sets of adult mallards banded throughout North American before hunting commenced.  We found additional evidence of a highly compensatory mortality process for adult male mallards, while the evidence for adults female mallards remains inconclusive.  Effective harvest, land acquisition, and land management programs depend upon additional information on the chronology and mechanisms underlying a compensatory mortality process.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3801166","usgsCitation":"Burnham, K.P., White, G.C., and Anderson, D.R., 1984, Estimating the effect of hunting on annual survival rates of adult mallards: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 2, p. 350-361, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801166.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"350","endPage":"361","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488227,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3801166","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":292371,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25fe4e4b0333418718917","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burnham, Kenneth P.","contributorId":95025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":189,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Gary C.","contributorId":66831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":498470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, David R.","contributorId":92722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1013859,"text":"1013859 - 1984 - Determining fat digestibility in trout using a metabolic chamber","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-31T16:27:56.505883","indexId":"1013859","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining fat digestibility in trout using a metabolic chamber","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fat digestibilities were determined in rainbow trout utilizing a metabolism chamber. Separate and quantitative fecal extracts were freeze dried and total lipids were extracted. Lipid digestibilities were comparable to those obtained by other methods (85‐91%). This method avoids problems due to leaching and the variable of accelerated passage through the gut encountered in other methods.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1984)46<116:DFDITU>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ellis, R., and Smith, R.R., 1984, Determining fat digestibility in trout using a metabolic chamber: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 46, no. 2, p. 116-119, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1984)46<116:DFDITU>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"119","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131597,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66741b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, R.W.","contributorId":104449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, R. R.","contributorId":31699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185598,"text":"70185598 - 1984 - Reply to comments by MacIntyre and Smith on: Partition equilibria of nonionic organic compounds between soil-organic matter and water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-09T19:31:36","indexId":"70185598","displayToPublicDate":"1984-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to comments by MacIntyre and Smith on: Partition equilibria of nonionic organic compounds between soil-organic matter and water","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es00122a018","usgsCitation":"Chiou, C.T., Porter, P.E., and Shoup, T.D., 1984, Reply to comments by MacIntyre and Smith on: Partition equilibria of nonionic organic compounds between soil-organic matter and water: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 18, no. 4, p. 295-297, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00122a018.","productDescription":"3 p. ","startPage":"295","endPage":"297","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338284,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d6303de4b05ec79913110d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiou, Cary T. 0000-0002-8743-0702","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8743-0702","contributorId":189558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"Cary","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Porter, Paul E.","contributorId":189805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Porter","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shoup, Thomas D.","contributorId":189806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shoup","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70014063,"text":"70014063 - 1984 - Fossils of hydrothermal vent worms from Cretaceous sulfide ores of the Samail ophiolite, Oman","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-20T16:59:48.446012","indexId":"70014063","displayToPublicDate":"1984-03-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fossils of hydrothermal vent worms from Cretaceous sulfide ores of the Samail ophiolite, Oman","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fossil worm tubes of Cretaceous age preserved in the Bayda massive sulfide deposit of the Samail ophiolite, Oman, are apparently the first documented examples of fossils embedded in massive sulfide deposits from the geologic record. The geologic setting of the Bayda deposit and the distinctive mineralogic and textural features of the fossiliferous samples suggest that the Bayda sulfide deposit and fossil fauna are remnants of a Cretaceous sea-floor hydrothermal vent similar to modern hot springs on the East Pacific Rise and the Juan de Fuca Ridge.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.223.4643.1407","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Haymon, R., Koski, R., and Sinclair, C., 1984, Fossils of hydrothermal vent worms from Cretaceous sulfide ores of the Samail ophiolite, Oman: Science, v. 223, no. 4643, p. 1407-1409, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.223.4643.1407.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1407","endPage":"1409","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225422,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Oman","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              57.370964245666244,\n              23.82099762554445\n            ],\n            [\n              56.778723974184544,\n              22.553180703386502\n            ],\n            [\n              56.47872050222912,\n              21.299535219636695\n            ],\n            [\n              58.040145262642966,\n              20.904916651997283\n            ],\n            [\n              58.12479287236886,\n              21.541573993214833\n            ],\n            [\n              57.76330365901765,\n              22.12099949152139\n            ],\n            [\n              58.02074300857758,\n              22.93048172886184\n            ],\n            [\n              58.3860729502932,\n              23.144495696419717\n            ],\n            [\n              58.147817599336975,\n              23.715351336200357\n            ],\n            [\n              57.370964245666244,\n              23.82099762554445\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"223","issue":"4643","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a138ee4b0c8380cd546c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haymon, R.M.","contributorId":17772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haymon","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koski, R.A.","contributorId":16006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koski","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sinclair, C.","contributorId":98476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinclair","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70120444,"text":"70120444 - 1984 - Research gaps in assessing wetland functions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T14:10:01","indexId":"70120444","displayToPublicDate":"1984-03-23T14:08:27","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Research gaps in assessing wetland functions","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the Forty-ninth North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","conferenceTitle":"Forty-ninth North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference","conferenceDate":"1984-03-23T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Boston, MA","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Management Institute","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Sather, J., and Stuber, P., 1984, Research gaps in assessing wetland functions, 3 p.","productDescription":"3 p.","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292216,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edcd4fe4b0f61b386d244e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sather, J.H.","contributorId":87213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sather","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stuber, P.J.","contributorId":41751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuber","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013505,"text":"70013505 - 1984 - Rock avalanches caused by earthquakes: Source characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-21T19:48:53.419433","indexId":"70013505","displayToPublicDate":"1984-03-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rock avalanches caused by earthquakes: Source characteristics","docAbstract":"<p>Study of a worldwide sample of historical earthquakes showed that slopes most susceptible to catastrophic rock avalanches were higher than 150 meters and steeper than 25 degrees. The slopes were undercut by fluvial or glacial erosion, were composed of intensely fractured rock, and exhibited at least one other indicator of low strength or potential instability.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.223.4642.1288","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Keefer, D.K., 1984, Rock avalanches caused by earthquakes: Source characteristics: Science, v. 223, no. 4642, p. 1288-1290, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.223.4642.1288.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1288","endPage":"1290","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220486,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"223","issue":"4642","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aade7e4b0c8380cd86fc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keefer, D. K.","contributorId":21176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keefer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013585,"text":"70013585 - 1984 - Geologic framework of nonmarine cretaceous-tertiary boundary sites, Raton Basin, New Mexico and Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-11-25T14:51:21.326697","indexId":"70013585","displayToPublicDate":"1984-03-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic framework of nonmarine cretaceous-tertiary boundary sites, Raton Basin, New Mexico and Colorado","docAbstract":"Indium concentrations are anomalously high at the palynological Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in fluvial sedimentary rocks of the lower part of the Raton Formation at several localities in the Raton Basin of New Mexico and Colorado. The iridium anomaly is associated with a thin bed of kaolinitic claystone in a discontinuous carbonaceous shale and coal sequence.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.223.4641.1180","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Pillmore, C.L., Tschudy, R., Orth, C.J., Gilmore, J.S., and Knight, J., 1984, Geologic framework of nonmarine cretaceous-tertiary boundary sites, Raton Basin, New Mexico and Colorado: Science, v. 223, no. 4641, p. 1180-1183, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.223.4641.1180.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1180","endPage":"1183","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220546,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Raton Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -108.82659135029371,\n              38.2774455058005\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.82659135029371,\n              36.10694002086515\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.80036694062991,\n              36.10694002086515\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.80036694062991,\n              38.2774455058005\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.82659135029371,\n              38.2774455058005\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"223","issue":"4641","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a196ce4b0c8380cd559a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pillmore, C. L.","contributorId":46093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pillmore","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tschudy, R.H.","contributorId":55023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tschudy","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orth, C. J.","contributorId":90034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orth","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gilmore, J. S.","contributorId":72927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knight, J.D.","contributorId":46688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70208969,"text":"70208969 - 1984 - Recent studies indicate that major structures in northeastern Nevada and the Golconda thrust in north-central Nevada are of Jurassic or Cretaceous age","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-09T14:16:46","indexId":"70208969","displayToPublicDate":"1984-03-09T14:08:51","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent studies indicate that major structures in northeastern Nevada and the Golconda thrust in north-central Nevada are of Jurassic or Cretaceous age","docAbstract":"<p><span>Geologic mapping recently completed in four areas of northeastern Nevada indicates that major folds and thrusts are of post-Early Triassic age and probably are Jurassic or Cretaceous. Previously published data for northeastern Nevada lead to, or permit, the same conclusion. Basinal deposits of Early Triassic age in the northern Adobe Range are easterly derived clay and carbonate. The apparent lack of westerly derived siliceous orogenic sediments of Sonoma age (Late Permian to Early Triassic) suggests that the Sonoma orogeny took place at some unknown location far from northeastern Nevada and that rocks deformed then, the Golconda allochthon, were emplaced in northern Nevada at a later date.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1984)12<483:RSITMS>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ketner, K.B., 1984, Recent studies indicate that major structures in northeastern Nevada and the Golconda thrust in north-central Nevada are of Jurassic or Cretaceous age: Geology, v. 12, no. 8, p. 483-486, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1984)12<483:RSITMS>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"483","endPage":"486","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373023,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Northeastern Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.38916015624999,\n              39.87601941962116\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.06005859375,\n              39.87601941962116\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.06005859375,\n              41.983994270935625\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.38916015624999,\n              41.983994270935625\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.38916015624999,\n              39.87601941962116\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ketner, Keith B.","contributorId":957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketner","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":784228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70208968,"text":"70208968 - 1984 - Comment and Reply on “Evidence for Late Devonian movement within the Roberts Mountains allochthon, Roberts Mountains, Nevada”: COMMENT ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-09T14:04:34","indexId":"70208968","displayToPublicDate":"1984-03-09T14:00:45","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment and Reply on “Evidence for Late Devonian movement within the Roberts Mountains allochthon, Roberts Mountains, Nevada”: COMMENT ","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1984)12<445a:CAROEF>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Ketner, K.B., 1984, Comment and Reply on “Evidence for Late Devonian movement within the Roberts Mountains allochthon, Roberts Mountains, Nevada”: COMMENT : Geology, v. 12, no. 7, p. 445-445, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1984)12<445a:CAROEF>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"445","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ketner, Keith B.","contributorId":957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketner","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":784227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013154,"text":"70013154 - 1984 - Zinc- and Y-group-bearing senaite from St Peters Dome, and new data on senaite from Dattas, Minas Gerais, Brazil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-07T15:42:01.391879","indexId":"70013154","displayToPublicDate":"1984-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2748,"text":"Mineralogical Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Zinc- and Y-group-bearing senaite from St Peters Dome, and new data on senaite from Dattas, Minas Gerais, Brazil","docAbstract":"<p><span>A Zn- and Y-group-bearing senaite, formulated as&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">AM</span></i><sub><span class=\"sub\">21</span></sub><span>O</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">38</span></sub><span>&nbsp;(Pb</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">0.63</span></sub><span>Na</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">0.46</span></sub><span>Ba</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">0.11</span></sub><span>)</span><span class=\"sub\">Σ1.20</span><span>(Ti</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">14.64</span></sub><img src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20210202014135270-0938:S0026461X00023380:S0026461X00023380_inline01.png?pub-status=live\" alt=\"\" data-mce-src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20210202014135270-0938:S0026461X00023380:S0026461X00023380_inline01.png?pub-status=live\"><span>Zn</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">1.74</span></sub><img src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20210202014135270-0938:S0026461X00023380:S0026461X00023380_inline04.png?pub-status=live\" alt=\"\" data-mce-src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20210202014135270-0938:S0026461X00023380:S0026461X00023380_inline04.png?pub-status=live\"><span>Y‒group REE</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">0.70</span></sub><span>Mn</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">0.38</span></sub><span>Nb</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">0.20</span></sub><span>Sn</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">0.03</span></sub><span>Zr</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">0.03</span></sub><span>Th</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">0.02</span></sub><span>)</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">Σ20.9</span></sub><span>O</span><sub><span class=\"sub\">38</span></sub><span>, a member of the crichtonite group, is a newly characterized phase associated with murataite at the St Peters Dome area, Colorado. The Zn- and Y-group-bearing senaite is uranium-free and nonmetamict, but otherwise is comparable to known senaites and davidites in X-ray diffraction pattern, symmetry, and structure. The&nbsp;</span><span class=\"italic\">REE</span><span>&nbsp;distribution shows a strong dominance of Y and the Y-group&nbsp;</span><span class=\"italic\">REE</span><span>&nbsp;which are present in&nbsp;</span><i><span class=\"italic\">M</span></i><span>(1). Megascopically, the mineral is black, submetallic, and opaque; in polished section it appears to be white and moderately bright compared with murataite. Cleavage is absent but twinning on {52</span><img src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20210202014135270-0938:S0026461X00023380:S0026461X00023380_inline07.png?pub-status=live\" alt=\"\" data-mce-src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20210202014135270-0938:S0026461X00023380:S0026461X00023380_inline07.png?pub-status=live\"><span>0} is present.</span></p><p><span>Senaite and hitherto unreported zinc-bearing senaite from Dattas, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil, have the following respective structural formulas as determined by electron microprobe:</span></p><p>(Pb<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.76</span></sub>Sr<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.20</span></sub>La<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.08</span></sub>Ce<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.07</span></sub>Ba<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.04</span></sub>)<sub><span class=\"sub\">Σ1.15</span></sub>(Ti<sub><span class=\"sub\">12.89</span></sub><img src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20210202014135270-0938:S0026461X00023380:S0026461X00023380_inline03.png?pub-status=live\" alt=\"\" data-mce-src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20210202014135270-0938:S0026461X00023380:S0026461X00023380_inline03.png?pub-status=live\">Mn<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.88</span></sub>Y<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.59</span></sub>Zn<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.12</span></sub>Mg<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.07</span></sub>Nb<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.03</span></sub>Cr<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.02</span></sub>Th<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.02</span></sub>)<sub><span class=\"sub\">Σ20.61</span></sub>O<sub><span class=\"sub\">38</span></sub></p><p>and</p><p>(Pb<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.89</span></sub>Ba<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.15</span></sub>Ce<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.02</span></sub>Sr<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.02</span></sub>)<sub><span class=\"sub\">Σ1.08</span></sub>(Ti<sub><span class=\"sub\">14.57</span></sub><img src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20210202014135270-0938:S0026461X00023380:S0026461X00023380_inline05.png?pub-status=live\" alt=\"\" data-mce-src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20210202014135270-0938:S0026461X00023380:S0026461X00023380_inline05.png?pub-status=live\">Zn<sub><span class=\"sub\">1.76</span></sub>Na<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.63</span></sub>Mn<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.50</span></sub>Y<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.28</span></sub>Nb<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.14</span></sub>Mg<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.04</span></sub>Cr<sub><span class=\"sub\">0.02</span></sub>)<sub><span class=\"sub\">Σ20.83</span></sub>O<sub><span class=\"sub\">38</span></sub></p><p><span><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1180/minmag.1984.048.346.13","usgsCitation":"Foord, E.E., Sharp, W.N., and Adams, J., 1984, Zinc- and Y-group-bearing senaite from St Peters Dome, and new data on senaite from Dattas, Minas Gerais, Brazil: Mineralogical Magazine, v. 48, no. 346, p. 97-106, https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1984.048.346.13.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"106","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220628,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","otherGeospatial":"Dattas, Minas Gerais","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-57.62513,-30.21629],[-56.2909,-28.85276],[-55.16229,-27.88192],[-54.49073,-27.47476],[-53.64874,-26.92347],[-53.62835,-26.12487],[-54.13005,-25.54764],[-54.62529,-25.73926],[-54.42895,-25.16218],[-54.29348,-24.5708],[-54.29296,-24.02101],[-54.65283,-23.83958],[-55.0279,-24.00127],[-55.40075,-23.95694],[-55.51764,-23.572],[-55.61068,-22.65562],[-55.79796,-22.35693],[-56.47332,-22.0863],[-56.88151,-22.28215],[-57.93716,-22.09018],[-57.87067,-20.73269],[-58.16639,-20.1767],[-57.8538,-19.97],[-57.95,-19.4],[-57.67601,-18.96184],[-57.49837,-18.17419],[-57.73456,-17.55247],[-58.2808,-17.27171],[-58.38806,-16.87711],[-58.24122,-16.29957],[-60.15839,-16.25828],[-60.54297,-15.09391],[-60.25115,-15.07722],[-60.26433,-14.64598],[-60.4592,-14.35401],[-60.5033,-13.77595],[-61.08412,-13.47938],[-61.7132,-13.4892],[-62.12708,-13.19878],[-62.80306,-13.00065],[-63.1965,-12.62703],[-64.31635,-12.46198],[-65.40228,-11.56627],[-65.3219,-10.89587],[-65.44484,-10.51145],[-65.33844,-9.76199],[-66.64691,-9.93133],[-67.1738,-10.30681],[-68.04819,-10.71206],[-68.27125,-11.01452],[-68.78616,-11.03638],[-69.52968,-10.95173],[-70.09375,-11.12397],[-70.54869,-11.00915],[-70.48189,-9.49012],[-71.30241,-10.07944],[-72.18489,-10.0536],[-72.56303,-9.52019],[-73.22671,-9.46221],[-73.01538,-9.03283],[-73.57106,-8.42445],[-73.98724,-7.52383],[-73.7234,-7.341],[-73.72449,-6.9186],[-73.12003,-6.62993],[-73.21971,-6.08919],[-72.96451,-5.74125],[-72.89193,-5.27456],[-71.74841,-4.59398],[-70.92884,-4.40159],[-70.79477,-4.25126],[-69.89364,-4.29819],[-69.4441,-1.55629],[-69.42049,-1.12262],[-69.57707,-0.54999],[-70.02066,-0.18516],[-70.01557,0.54141],[-69.4524,0.70616],[-69.25243,0.60265],[-69.21864,0.98568],[-69.8046,1.08908],[-69.81697,1.71481],[-67.86857,1.69246],[-67.53781,2.03716],[-67.26,1.72],[-67.06505,1.13011],[-66.87633,1.25336],[-66.32577,0.72445],[-65.54827,0.78925],[-65.35471,1.09528],[-64.61101,1.32873],[-64.19931,1.49285],[-64.08309,1.91637],[-63.36879,2.2009],[-63.42287,2.41107],[-64.27,2.49701],[-64.40883,3.12679],[-64.36849,3.79721],[-64.81606,4.05645],[-64.62866,4.14848],[-63.88834,4.02053],[-63.0932,3.77057],[-62.80453,4.00697],[-62.08543,4.16212],[-60.96689,4.53647],[-60.60118,4.9181],[-60.73357,5.20028],[-60.21368,5.24449],[-59.98096,5.01406],[-60.111,4.57497],[-59.76741,4.4235],[-59.53804,3.9588],[-59.81541,3.6065],[-59.97452,2.75523],[-59.71855,2.24963],[-59.64604,1.78689],[-59.03086,1.3177],[-58.54001,1.26809],[-58.42948,1.46394],[-58.11345,1.5072],[-57.66097,1.68258],[-57.33582,1.94854],[-56.7827,1.86371],[-56.53939,1.89952],[-55.9957,1.81767],[-55.9056,2.022],[-56.07334,2.22079],[-55.97332,2.51036],[-55.56976,2.42151],[-55.09759,2.52375],[-54.52475,2.31185],[-54.08806,2.10556],[-53.77852,2.3767],[-53.55484,2.3349],[-53.41847,2.05339],[-52.93966,2.12486],[-52.55642,2.50471],[-52.24934,3.24109],[-51.6578,4.15623],[-51.31715,4.20349],[-51.06977,3.6504],[-50.50888,1.90156],[-49.97408,1.73648],[-49.9471,1.04619],[-50.69925,0.22298],[-50.38821,-0.07844],[-48.62057,-0.23549],[-48.5845,-1.23781],[-47.82496,-0.58162],[-46.56658,-0.94103],[-44.9057,-1.55174],[-44.41762,-2.13775],[-44.58159,-2.69131],[-43.41879,-2.38311],[-41.47266,-2.91202],[-39.97867,-2.87305],[-38.50038,-3.70065],[-37.22325,-4.82095],[-36.45294,-5.1094],[-35.5978,-5.1495],[-35.23539,-5.46494],[-34.89603,-6.73819],[-34.72999,-7.34322],[-35.12821,-8.9964],[-35.63697,-9.64928],[-37.04652,-11.04072],[-37.68361,-12.17119],[-38.42388,-13.03812],[-38.67389,-13.05765],[-38.95328,-13.79337],[-38.8823,-15.66705],[-39.16109,-17.20841],[-39.26734,-17.86775],[-39.58352,-18.2623],[-39.76082,-19.59911],[-40.77474,-20.90451],[-40.94476,-21.93732],[-41.75416,-22.37068],[-41.98828,-22.97007],[-43.0747,-22.96769],[-44.64781,-23.35196],[-45.35214,-23.79684],[-46.47209,-24.08897],[-47.64897,-24.8852],[-48.49546,-25.87702],[-48.641,-26.6237],[-48.47474,-27.17591],[-48.66152,-28.18613],[-48.88846,-28.67412],[-49.58733,-29.22447],[-50.69687,-30.98447],[-51.57623,-31.7777],[-52.25608,-32.24537],[-52.7121,-33.19658],[-53.37366,-33.76838],[-53.65054,-33.202],[-53.20959,-32.72767],[-53.78795,-32.04724],[-54.57245,-31.49451],[-55.60151,-30.85388],[-55.97324,-30.88308],[-56.97603,-30.10969],[-57.62513,-30.21629]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Brazil\"}}]}","volume":"48","issue":"346","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd283e4b08c986b32f856","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foord, Eugene E.","contributorId":96319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foord","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sharp, William N.","contributorId":18751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, J.W.","contributorId":101290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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