The bbe-Moldaenke BenthoTorch (BT) is an in vivo fluorometer designed to quantify algal biomass and community composition in benthic environments. The BT quantifies total algal biomass via chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration and may differentiate among cyanobacteria, green algae, and diatoms based on pigment fluorescence. To evaluate how BT measurements of periphytic algal biomass (as Chl-a) compared with an ethanol extraction laboratory analysis, we collected BT- and laboratory-measured Chl-a data from 6 stream sites in the Indian Creek basin, Johnson County, Kansas, during August and September 2012. BT-measured Chl-a concentrations were positively related to laboratory-measured concentrations (R2 = 0.47); sites with abundant filamentous algae had weaker relations (R2 = 0.27). Additionally, on a single sample date, we used the BT to determine periphyton biomass and community composition upstream and downstream from 2 wastewater treatment facilities (WWTF) that discharge into Indian Creek. We found that algal biomass increased immediately downstream from the WWTF discharge then slowly decreased as distance from the WWTF increased. Changes in periphyton community structure also occurred; however, there were discrepancies between BT- and laboratory-measured community composition data. Most notably, cyanobacteria were present at all sites based on BT measurements but were present at only one site based on laboratory-analyzed samples. Overall, we found that the BT compared reasonably well with laboratory methods for relative patterns in Chl-a but not as well with absolute Chl-aconcentrations. Future studies need to test the BT over a wider range of Chl-aconcentrations, in colored waters, and across various periphyton assemblages.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10402381.2015.1025153","usgsCitation":"Harris, T.D., and Graham, J., 2015, Preliminary evaluation of an in vivo fluorometer to quantify algal periphyton biomass and community composition: Lake and Reservoir Management, v. 31, no. 2, p. 127-133, https://doi.org/10.1080/10402381.2015.1025153.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"133","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057798","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320628,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Johnson County","otherGeospatial":"Indian Creek basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.68875885009766,\n 38.90412551322715\n ],\n [\n -94.68875885009766,\n 38.963279677655805\n ],\n [\n -94.60773468017578,\n 38.963279677655805\n ],\n [\n -94.60773468017578,\n 38.90412551322715\n ],\n [\n -94.68875885009766,\n 38.90412551322715\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57233431e4b0b13d39148cef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harris, Theodore D. 0000-0003-0944-8007 tdharris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0944-8007","contributorId":4040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Theodore","email":"tdharris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6420-9335 jlgraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-9335","contributorId":150737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer L.","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":627779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178488,"text":"70178488 - 2015 - Suspended-sediment trapping in the tidal reach of an estuarine tributary channel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-22T12:32:18","indexId":"70178488","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suspended-sediment trapping in the tidal reach of an estuarine tributary channel","docAbstract":"Evidence of decreasing sediment supply to estuaries and coastal oceans worldwide illustrates the need for accurate and updated estimates. In the San Francisco Estuary (Estuary), recent research suggests a decrease in supply from its largest tributaries, implying the increasing role of smaller, local tributaries in sediment supply to this estuary. Common techniques for estimating supply from tributaries are based on gages located above head of tide, which do not account for trapping processes within the tidal reach. We investigated the effect of a tidal reach on suspended-sediment discharge for Corte Madera Creek, a small tributary of the Estuary. Discharge of water (Q) and suspended-sediment (SSD) were observed for 3 years at two locations along the creek: upstream of tidal influence and at the mouth. Comparison of upstream and mouth gages showed nearly 50 % trapping of upstream SSD input within the tidal reach over this period. At the storm time scale, suspended-sediment trapping efficiency varied greatly (range −31 to 93 %); storms were classified as low- or high-yield based on upstream SSD. As upstream peak Q increased, high-yield storms exhibited significantly decreased trapping. Tidal conditions at the mouth—ebb duration and peak ebb velocity—during storms had a minor effect on sediment trapping, suggesting fluvial processes dominate. Comparison of characteristic fluvial and tidal discharges at the storm time scale demonstrated longitudinal differences in the regulating process for SSD. These results suggest that SSD from gages situated above head of tide overestimate sediment supply to the open waters beyond tributary mouths and thus trapping processes within the tidal reach should be considered.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-015-9944-4","usgsCitation":"Downing-Kunz, M.A., and Schoellhamer, D., 2015, Suspended-sediment trapping in the tidal reach of an estuarine tributary channel: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 38, no. 6, p. 2198-2212, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-015-9944-4.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2198","endPage":"2212","ipdsId":"IP-044920","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Corte Madera Creek, San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.59128570556642,\n 37.928221646989755\n ],\n [\n -122.59128570556642,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -122.49446868896483,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -122.49446868896483,\n 37.928221646989755\n ],\n [\n -122.59128570556642,\n 37.928221646989755\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5835672ce4b0070c0abfb6dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Downing-Kunz, Maureen A. 0000-0002-4879-0318 mdowning-kunz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4879-0318","contributorId":3690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing-Kunz","given":"Maureen","email":"mdowning-kunz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70193932,"text":"70193932 - 2015 - Sources of fine sediment stored in agricultural lowland streams, Midwest, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-10T10:52:27","indexId":"70193932","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources of fine sediment stored in agricultural lowland streams, Midwest, USA","docAbstract":"Agricultural activities can accelerate the offsite transport of productive soil from fields leading to stream water quality degradation. Identification of the nature and relative contribution of different sources to fine-grained sediment (e.g., silts, clays) in streams is important to effectively focus agricultural best management practices in watersheds. Sediment fingerprinting techniques through the use of geochemical tracers are commonly used to differentiate relative contribution from various sources. Research was conducted in lowland streams in the Pleasant Valley watershed in South Central Wisconsin (USA) to identify provenance of fine-grained sediment deposits and evaluate the impact of land use on relative contributions from the following potential sources: cropland, pasture, woodland, and eroding stream banks. Results show that both agriculture (croplands and pastures) and eroding stream banks are primary sources to fine sediment deposits on the stream bed with contributions ranging from 19 to 100% and 0 to 81%, respectively. The increase in area under agricultural land use within a subwatershed results in greater contribution from agriculture (R2 = 0.846, p = 0.0034). Relative contributions from eroding stream banks increased with increasing area under grasslands and woodlands within a subwatershed (R2 = 0.814, p = 0.0055). Subwatersheds with greater mass of fine sediment deposited on the stream bed per unit area should be prioritized for best management practices. The conservation practices should be targeted to stream banks or croplands depending on the dominant source of fine sediment within a subwatershed. Site specific changes in relative contributions from different sources to fine-grained sediment in this watershed highlights the complexities involved in sediment transport dynamics. The nested sampling sites helped determine that sediment dynamics at the subwatershed scale need to be considered for application of targeted conservation techniques.
Many factors are known to influence greenhouse gas emissions from coastal wetlands, but it is still unclear which factors are most important under field conditions when they are all acting simultaneously. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of water table, salinity, soil temperature and vegetation on CH4 emissions and ecosystem respiration (Reco) from five coastal wetlands in the Liaohe Delta, northeast China: two Phragmites australis (common reed) wetlands, two Suaeda salsa (sea blite) marshes and a rice (Oryza sativa) paddy. Throughout the growing season, the Suaeda wetlands were net CH4 sinks whereas the Phragmites wetlands and the rice paddy were net CH4sources emitting 1.2–6.1 g CH4 m−2 y−1. The Phragmites wetlands emitted the most CH4 per unit area and the most CH4 relative to CO2. The main controlling factors for the CH4 emissions were water table, temperature and salinity. The CH4 emission was accelerated at high and constant (or managed) water tables and decreased at water tables below the soil surface. High temperatures enhanced CH4 emissions, and emission rates were consistently low (< 1 mg CH4 m−2 h) at soil temperatures <18 °C. At salinity levels > 18 ppt, the CH4 emission rates were always low (< 1 mg CH4 m−2 h−1) probably because methanogens were outcompeted by sulphate reducing bacteria. Saline Phragmites wetlands can, however, emit significant amounts of CH4 as CH4 produced in deep soil layers are transported through the air-space tissue of the plants to the atmosphere. The CH4 emission from coastal wetlands can be reduced by creating fluctuating water tables, including water tables below the soil surface, as well as by occasional flooding by high-salinity water. The effects of water management schemes on the biological communities in the wetlands must, however, be carefully studied prior to the management in order to avoid undesirable effects on the wetland communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/bg-12-4965-2015","usgsCitation":"Olsson, L., Ye, S., Yu, X., Wei, M., Krauss, K.W., and Brix, H., 2015, Factors influencing CO2 and CH4 emissions from coastal wetlands in the Liaohe Delta, northeast China: Biogeosciences Discussions, v. 12, p. 3469-3503, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4965-2015.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"3469","endPage":"3503","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063447","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472309,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4965-2015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","state":"Liaoning Province","otherGeospatial":"Liaohe Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 122.85736083984375,\n 41.49006348843993\n ],\n [\n 122.85736083984375,\n 41.95949009892465\n ],\n [\n 124.1180419921875,\n 41.95949009892465\n ],\n [\n 124.1180419921875,\n 41.49006348843993\n ],\n [\n 122.85736083984375,\n 41.49006348843993\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d6fa32e4b0518e3546bc3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olsson, Linda","contributorId":146731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olsson","given":"Linda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13419,"text":"Aarhus University, Denmark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ye, Siyuan","contributorId":146732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ye","given":"Siyuan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16739,"text":"Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Shandong Province, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yu, Xueyang","contributorId":146733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yu","given":"Xueyang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16739,"text":"Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Shandong Province, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wei, Mengjie","contributorId":146734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wei","given":"Mengjie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16739,"text":"Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Shandong Province, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brix, Hans","contributorId":146735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brix","given":"Hans","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13419,"text":"Aarhus University, Denmark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70159896,"text":"70159896 - 2015 - A method for estimating the diffuse attenuation coefficient (KdPAR)from paired temperature sensors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-16T15:03:42.633049","indexId":"70159896","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2622,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography: Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A method for estimating the diffuse attenuation coefficient (KdPAR)from paired temperature sensors","title":"A method for estimating the diffuse attenuation coefficient (KdPAR)from paired temperature sensors","docAbstract":"A new method for estimating the diffuse attenuation coefficient for photosynthetically active radiation (KdPAR) from paired temperature sensors was derived. We show that during cases where the attenuation of penetrating shortwave solar radiation is the dominant source of temperature changes, time series measurements of water temperatures at multiple depths (z1 and z2) are related to one another by a linear scaling factor (α). KdPAR can then be estimated by the simple equation KdPAR = ln(α)/(z2−z1). A suggested workflow is presented that outlines procedures for calculating KdPAR according to this paired temperature sensor (PTS) method. This method is best suited for conditions when radiative temperature gains are large relative to physical noise. These conditions occur frequently on water bodies with low wind and/or high KdPARs but can be used for other types of lakes during time periods of low wind and/or where spatially redundant measurements of temperatures are available. The optimal vertical placement of temperature sensors according to a priori knowledge of KdPAR is also described. This information can be used to inform the design of future sensor deployments using the PTS method or for campaigns where characterizing sub‐daily changes in temperatures is important. The PTS method provides a novel method to characterize light attenuation in aquatic ecosystems without expensive radiometric equipment or the user subjectivity inherent in Secchi depth measurements. This method also can enable the estimation of KdPAR at higher frequencies than many manual monitoring programs allow.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10006","usgsCitation":"Read, J.S., Rose, K., Winslow, L.A., and Read, E.K., 2015, A method for estimating the diffuse attenuation coefficient (KdPAR)from paired temperature sensors: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, v. 13, no. 2, p. 53-61, https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10006.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"61","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051186","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":472306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566175c1e4b06a3ea36c5677","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Read, Jordan S. 0000-0002-3888-6631 jread@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3888-6631","contributorId":4453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Read","given":"Jordan","email":"jread@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":160,"text":"Center for Integrated Data Analytics","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, Kevin C.","contributorId":64580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Kevin C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winslow, Luke A. 0000-0002-8602-5510 lwinslow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8602-5510","contributorId":5919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winslow","given":"Luke","email":"lwinslow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Read, Emily K. 0000-0002-9617-9433 eread@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9617-9433","contributorId":5815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Read","given":"Emily","email":"eread@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":160,"text":"Center for Integrated Data Analytics","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70141629,"text":"70141629 - 2015 - Flow cytometric method for measuring chromatin fragmentation in fixed sperm from yellow perch (Perca flavescens)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:54:58","indexId":"70141629","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3594,"text":"Theriogenology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flow cytometric method for measuring chromatin fragmentation in fixed sperm from yellow perch (Perca flavescens)","docAbstract":"Declining harvests of yellow perch, Perca flavescens, in urbanized watersheds of Chesapeake Bay have prompted investigations of their reproductive fitness. The purpose of this study was to establish a flow cytometric technique for DNA analysis of fixed samples sent from the field to provide reliable gamete quality measurements. Similar to the sperm chromatin structure assay, measures were made on the susceptibility of nuclear DNA to acid-induced denaturation, but used fixed rather than live or thawed cells. Nuclei were best exposed to the acid treatment for 1 minute at 37 °C followed by the addition of cold (4 °C) propidium iodide staining solution before flow cytometry. The rationale for protocol development is presented graphically through cytograms. Field results collected in 2008 and 2009 revealed DNA fragmentation up to 14.5%. In 2008, DNA fragmentation from the more urbanized watersheds was significantly greater than from reference sites (P = 0.026) and in 2009, higher percentages of haploid testicular cells were noted from the less urbanized watersheds (P = 0.032) indicating better reproductive condition at sites with less urbanization. For both years, total and progressive live sperm motilities by computer-assisted sperm motion analysis ranged from 19.1% to 76.5%, being significantly higher at the less urbanized sites (P < 0.05). This flow cytometric method takes advantage of the propensity of fragmented DNA to be denatured under standard conditions, or 1 minute at 37 °C with 10% buffered formalin–fixed cells. The study of fixed sperm makes possible the restrospective investigation of germplasm fragmentation, spermatogenic ploidy patterns, and chromatin compaction levels from samples translocated over distance and time. The protocol provides an approach that can be modified for other species across taxa.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.11.028","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, J.A., Draugelis-Dale, R.O., Pinkney, A.E., Iwanowicz, L., and Blazer, V., 2015, Flow cytometric method for measuring chromatin fragmentation in fixed sperm from yellow perch (Perca flavescens): Theriogenology, v. 83, no. 5, p. 920-931, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.11.028.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"920","endPage":"931","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-048922","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298064,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54e868bce4b02d776a67c5c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkins, Jill A. 0000-0002-5087-0894 jenkinsj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":2710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Jill","email":"jenkinsj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Draugelis-Dale, Rassa O. 0000-0001-8532-3287 daler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8532-3287","contributorId":20422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draugelis-Dale","given":"Rassa","email":"daler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pinkney, Alfred E.","contributorId":14253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pinkney","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12750,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Annapolis, MD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R. liwanowicz@usgs.gov","contributorId":139215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R.","email":"liwanowicz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70174827,"text":"70174827 - 2015 - The aging of America's reservoirs: In-reservoir and downstream physical changes and habitat implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T11:40:19","indexId":"70174827","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The aging of America's reservoirs: In-reservoir and downstream physical changes and habitat implications","docAbstract":"Reservoirs are important for various purposes including flood control, water supply, power generation, and recreation. The aging of America's reservoirs and progressive loss of water storage capacity resulting from ongoing sedimentation, coupled with increasing societal needs, will cause the social, economic, environmental, and political importance of reservoirs to continually increase. The short- and medium-term (<50 years) environmental consequences of reservoir construction and operation are well known and include an altered flow regime, lost connectivity (longitudinal, floodplain), an altered sediment regime, substrate compositional change, and downstream channel degradation. In general, reservoir-related changes have had adverse consequences for the natural ecosystem. Longer term (>50 years) environmental changes as reservoirs enter “old” age are less understood. Additional research is needed to help guide the future management of aging reservoir systems and support the difficult decisions that will have to be made. Important research directions include assessment of climate change effects on aging and determination of ecosystem response to ongoing aging and various management actions that may be taken with the intent of minimizing or reversing the physical effects of aging.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12238","usgsCitation":"Juracek, K.E., 2015, The aging of America's reservoirs: In-reservoir and downstream physical changes and habitat implications: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 51, no. 1, p. 168-184, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12238.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"168","endPage":"184","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-035997","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325359,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdbae4b0f1bea0e0f8fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juracek, Kyle E. 0000-0002-2102-8980 kjuracek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2102-8980","contributorId":2022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juracek","given":"Kyle","email":"kjuracek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159786,"text":"70159786 - 2015 - The role of water in unconventional in situ energy resource extraction technologies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-06T23:53:56.61256","indexId":"70159786","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"7","title":"The role of water in unconventional in situ energy resource extraction technologies","docAbstract":"Global trends toward developing new energy resources from lower grade, larger tonnage deposits that are not generally accessible using “conventional” extraction methods involve variations of subsurface in situ extraction techniques including in situ oil shale retorting, hydraulic fracturing of petroleum reservoirs, and in situ recovery of uranium. Although these methods are economically feasible and perhaps result in a smaller above-ground land-use footprint, there remain uncertainties regarding potential subsurface impacts to groundwater. This chapter provides an overview of the role of water in these technologies and the opportunities and challenges for water reuse and recycling.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Food, energy, and water: The chemistry connection","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-800211-7.00007-7","usgsCitation":"Gallegos, T.J., Bern, C., Birdwell, J.E., Haines, S.S., and Engle, M.A., 2015, The role of water in unconventional in situ energy resource extraction technologies, chap. 7 of Food, energy, and water: The chemistry connection, p. 183-215, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800211-7.00007-7.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"215","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057244","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446c6e4b071e7ea53d4dd","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ahuja, Satinder","contributorId":59343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahuja","given":"Satinder","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":858433,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Gallegos, Tanya J. 0000-0003-3350-6473 tgallegos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-6473","contributorId":2206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"Tanya","email":"tgallegos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bern, Carleton R. cbern@usgs.gov","contributorId":139818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton R.","email":"cbern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haines, Seth S. 0000-0003-2611-8165 shaines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2611-8165","contributorId":1344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"Seth","email":"shaines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70148424,"text":"70148424 - 2015 - Magmatic gas emissions at Holocene volcanic features near Mono Lake, California, and their relation to regional magmatism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-13T13:39:07","indexId":"70148424","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magmatic gas emissions at Holocene volcanic features near Mono Lake, California, and their relation to regional magmatism","docAbstract":"Silicic lavas have erupted repeatedly in the Mono Basin over the past few thousand years, forming the massive domes and coulees of the Mono Craters chain and the smaller island vents in Mono Lake. We report here on the first systematic study of magmatic CO2 emissions from these features, conducted during 2007–2010. Most notably, a known locus of weak steam venting on the summit of North Coulee is actually enclosed in a large area (~ 0.25 km2) of diffuse gas discharge that emits 10–14 t/d of CO2, mostly at ambient temperature. Subsurface gases sampled here are heavily air-contaminated, but after standard corrections are applied, show average δ13C-CO2 of − 4.72‰, 3He/4He of 5.89RA, and CO2/3He of 0.77 × 1010, very similar to the values in fumarolic gas from Mammoth Mountain and the Long Valley Caldera immediately to the south of the basin. If these values also characterize the magmatic gas source at Mono Lake, where CO2 is captured by the alkaline lake water, a magmatic CO2 upflow beneath the lake of ~ 4 t/d can be inferred. Groundwater discharge from the Mono Craters area transports ~ 13 t/d of 14C-dead CO2 as free gas and dissolved carbonate species, and adding in this component brings the estimated total magmatic CO2 output to 29 t/d for the two silicic systems in the Mono Basin. If these emissions reflect intrusion and degassing of underlying basalt with 0.5 wt.% CO2, a modest intrusion rate of 0.00075 km3/yr is indicated. Much higher intrusion rates are required to account for CO2 emissions from Mammoth Mountain and the West Moat of the Long Valley Caldera.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.01.008","usgsCitation":"Bergfeld, D., Evans, W.C., Howle, J.F., and Hunt, A.G., 2015, Magmatic gas emissions at Holocene volcanic features near Mono Lake, California, and their relation to regional magmatism: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 292, p. 70-83, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.01.008.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"83","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059936","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301032,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley Caldera, Mammoth Mountain, Mono Craters, Mono Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.06639099121094,\n 37.44106442458555\n ],\n [\n -119.06639099121094,\n 38.02862223458794\n ],\n [\n -118.76083374023436,\n 38.02862223458794\n ],\n [\n -118.76083374023436,\n 37.44106442458555\n ],\n [\n -119.06639099121094,\n 37.44106442458555\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"292","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"557176b5e4b077dba762a2c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergfeld, D. dbergfel@usgs.gov","contributorId":2069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergfeld","given":"D.","email":"dbergfel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howle, James F. 0000-0003-0491-6203 jfhowle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0491-6203","contributorId":2225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howle","given":"James","email":"jfhowle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":1582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70193748,"text":"70193748 - 2015 - Development of a new semi-analytical model for cross-borehole flow experiments in fractured media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:48:52","indexId":"70193748","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a new semi-analytical model for cross-borehole flow experiments in fractured media","docAbstract":"Analysis of borehole flow logs is a valuable technique for identifying the presence of fractures in the subsurface and estimating properties such as fracture connectivity, transmissivity and storativity. However, such estimation requires the development of analytical and/or numerical modeling tools that are well adapted to the complexity of the problem. In this paper, we present a new semi-analytical formulation for cross-borehole flow in fractured media that links transient vertical-flow velocities measured in one or a series of observation wells during hydraulic forcing to the transmissivity and storativity of the fractures intersected by these wells. In comparison with existing models, our approach presents major improvements in terms of computational expense and potential adaptation to a variety of fracture and experimental configurations. After derivation of the formulation, we demonstrate its application in the context of sensitivity analysis for a relatively simple two-fracture synthetic problem, as well as for field-data analysis to investigate fracture connectivity and estimate fracture hydraulic properties. These applications provide important insights regarding (i) the strong sensitivity of fracture property estimates to the overall connectivity of the system; and (ii) the non-uniqueness of the corresponding inverse problem for realistic fracture configurations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2014.12.002","usgsCitation":"Roubinet, D., Irving, J., and Day-Lewis, F.D., 2015, Development of a new semi-analytical model for cross-borehole flow experiments in fractured media: Advances in Water Resources, v. 76, p. 97-108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2014.12.002.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"108","ipdsId":"IP-061584","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_547C366CAA45","text":"External Repository"},{"id":349128,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60febde4b06e28e9c25341","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roubinet, Delphine","contributorId":199840,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roubinet","given":"Delphine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Irving, James","contributorId":199841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irving","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70178680,"text":"70178680 - 2015 - Ecosystem-atmosphere exchange of CO2 in a temperate herbaceous peatland in the Sanjiang Plain of northeast China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-05T11:18:16","indexId":"70178680","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecosystem-atmosphere exchange of CO2 in a temperate herbaceous peatland in the Sanjiang Plain of northeast China","docAbstract":"Northern peatlands contain a considerable share of the terrestrial carbon pool, which will be affected by future climatic variability. Using the static chamber technique, we investigated ecosystem respiration and soil respiration over two growing seasons (2012 and 2013) in a Carex lasiocarpa-dominated peatland in the Sanjiang Plain in China. We synchronously monitored the environmental factors controlling CO2 fluxes. Ecosystem respiration during these two growing seasons ranged from 33.3 to 506.7 mg CO2–C m−2 h−1. Through step-wise regression, variations in soil temperature at 10 cm depth alone explained 73.7% of the observed variance in log10(ER). The mean Q10 values ranged from 2.1 to 2.9 depending on the choice of depth where soil temperature was measured. The Q10 value at the 10 cm depth (2.9) appears to be a good representation for herbaceous peatland in the Sanjiang Plain when applying field-estimation based Q10values to current terrestrial ecosystem models due to the most optimized regression coefficient (63.2%). Soil respiration amounted to 57% of ecosystem respiration and played a major role in peatland carbon balance in our study. Emphasis on ecosystem respiration from temperate peatlands in the Sanjiang Plain will improve our basic understanding of carbon exchange between peatland ecosystem and the atmosphere.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.11.035","usgsCitation":"Zhu, X., Song, C., Swarzenski, C.M., Guo, Y., Zhang, X., and Wang, J., 2015, Ecosystem-atmosphere exchange of CO2 in a temperate herbaceous peatland in the Sanjiang Plain of northeast China: Ecological Engineering, v. 75, p. 16-23, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.11.035.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"23","ipdsId":"IP-056585","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331457,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Sanjiang Plain","volume":"75","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58468aebe4b04fc80e5236cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhu, Xiaoyan","contributorId":177140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhu","given":"Xiaoyan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Song, Changchun","contributorId":177141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Song","given":"Changchun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swarzenski, Christopher M. 0000-0001-9843-1471 cswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9843-1471","contributorId":656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Christopher","email":"cswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guo, Yuedong","contributorId":177142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guo","given":"Yuedong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhang, Xinhow","contributorId":177143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Xinhow","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wang, Jiaoyue","contributorId":177144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Jiaoyue","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70189346,"text":"70189346 - 2015 - Inter-annual and spatial variability of Hamon potential evapotranspiration model coefficients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-11T16:16:33","indexId":"70189346","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inter-annual and spatial variability of Hamon potential evapotranspiration model coefficients","docAbstract":"Monthly calibrated values of the Hamon PET coefficient (C) are determined for 109,951 hydrologic response units (HRUs) across the conterminous United States (U.S.). The calibrated coefficient values are determined by matching calculated mean monthly Hamon PET to mean monthly free-water surface evaporation. For most locations and months the calibrated coefficients are larger than the standard value reported by Hamon. The largest changes in the coefficients were for the late winter/early spring and fall months, whereas the smallest changes were for the summer months. Comparisons of PET computed using the standard value of C and computed using calibrated values of C indicate that for most of the conterminous U.S. PET is underestimated using the standard Hamon PET coefficient, except for the southeastern U.S.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.12.006","usgsCitation":"McCabe, G., Hay, L.E., Bock, A., Markstrom, S., and Atkinson, R., 2015, Inter-annual and spatial variability of Hamon potential evapotranspiration model coefficients: Journal of Hydrology, v. 521, p. 389-394, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.12.006.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"389","endPage":"394","ipdsId":"IP-058189","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343611,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"521","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5965b4b0e4b0d1f9f05b382f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCabe, Gregory J. 0000-0002-9258-2997 gmccabe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":1453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Gregory J.","email":"gmccabe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hay, Lauren E. 0000-0003-3763-4595 lhay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-4595","contributorId":1287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"Lauren","email":"lhay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bock, Andy 0000-0001-7222-6613 abock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7222-6613","contributorId":174776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bock","given":"Andy","email":"abock@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Markstrom, Steven L. 0000-0001-7630-9547 markstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-9547","contributorId":1986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"Steven L.","email":"markstro@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Atkinson, R. Dwight","contributorId":174777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Atkinson","given":"R. Dwight","affiliations":[{"id":27513,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70176621,"text":"70176621 - 2015 - Genetic diversity and host specificity varies across three genera of blood parasites in ducks of the Pacific Americas Flyway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-16T21:28:57","indexId":"70176621","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic diversity and host specificity varies across three genera of blood parasites in ducks of the Pacific Americas Flyway","docAbstract":"Birds of the order Anseriformes, commonly referred to as waterfowl, are frequently infected by Haemosporidia of the genera Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, and Leucocytozoon via dipteran vectors. We analyzed nucleotide sequences of the Cytochrome b (Cytb) gene from parasites of these genera detected in six species of ducks from Alaska and California, USA to characterize the genetic diversity of Haemosporidia infecting waterfowl at two ends of the Pacific Americas Flyway. In addition, parasite Cytb sequences were compared to those available on a public database to investigate specificity of genetic lineages to hosts of the order Anseriformes. Haplotype and nucleotide diversity of Haemoproteus Cytb sequences was lower than was detected for Plasmodium and Leucocytozoon parasites. Although waterfowl are presumed to be infected by only a single species of Leucocytozoon, L. simondi, diversity indices were highest for haplotypes from this genus and sequences formed five distinct clades separated by genetic distances of 4.9%–7.6%, suggesting potential cryptic speciation. All Haemoproteus andLeucocytozoon haplotypes derived from waterfowl samples formed monophyletic clades in phylogenetic analyses and were unique to the order Anseriformes with few exceptions. In contrast, waterfowl-origin Plasmodium haplotypes were identical or closely related to lineages found in other avian orders. Our results suggest a more generalist strategy for Plasmodiumparasites infecting North American waterfowl as compared to those of the generaHaemoproteus and Leucocytozoon.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0116661","usgsCitation":"Reeves, A.B., Smith, M.M., Meixell, B.W., Fleskes, J.P., and Ramey, A.M., 2015, Genetic diversity and host specificity varies across three genera of blood parasites in ducks of the Pacific Americas Flyway: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 2, e0116661; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116661.","productDescription":"e0116661; 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-059454","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116661","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328891,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ee45e4b0bc0bec09e977","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reeves, Andrew B. 0000-0002-7526-0726 areeves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7526-0726","contributorId":167362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Andrew","email":"areeves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Matthew M. 0000-0002-2259-5135 mmsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2259-5135","contributorId":5115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Matthew","email":"mmsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meixell, Brandt W. 0000-0002-6738-0349 bmeixell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349","contributorId":138716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meixell","given":"Brandt","email":"bmeixell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":1889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70173435,"text":"70173435 - 2015 - Aquatic invertebrate food base for waterbirds at Wetland Reserve Program easements in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T15:28:32","indexId":"70173435","displayToPublicDate":"2015-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquatic invertebrate food base for waterbirds at Wetland Reserve Program easements in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley","docAbstract":"Migratory waterbirds depend on invertebrates as a key source of dietary protein, but few studies have quantified aquatic invertebrates or their response to management on privately owned wetlands. Our objectives were to quantify the effects of wetland management provided through the Migratory Bird Habitat Initiative (MBHI) on invertebrate biomass, family richness, and secondary production at Wetland Reserve Program (WRP) easements in Arkansas and Missouri. We collected core and sweep-net samples bi-weekly in autumn 2011 and sweep samples in winter 2012 at WRP easements enrolled in MBHI (n = 13), WRP easements not enrolled in MBHI (n = 12), and intensively managed public wetlands (n = 7) in Arkansas and Missouri. Overall mean (±SE) invertebrate biomass and production during autumn were 11.96 (±1.29) kg/ha and 1.57 (±1.09) kg/ha*season, and during winter were 3.96 (±0.55) kg/ha and 1.38 (±0.11), respectively. Macroinvertebrate biomass and family richness did not differ among wetland types or management practices, including inundation and mowing. Secondary macroinvertebrate production during autumn was 200 % greater on MBHI contracts compared to WRP easements. During winter, production was 40 % greater on MBHI and WRP easements compared to public wetlands. Our results suggest that with management, wetlands enrolled in conservation easement programs can be an important source of invertebrate production for migratory waterbirds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-014-0613-3","usgsCitation":"Tapp, J.L., and Webb, E.B., 2015, Aquatic invertebrate food base for waterbirds at Wetland Reserve Program easements in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley: Wetlands, v. 35, no. 1, p. 183-192, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-014-0613-3.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"192","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055327","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324036,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913b0e4b07657d19fef94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tapp, Jessica L.","contributorId":172203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tapp","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70126403,"text":"sir20145173 - 2015 - Geochemical conditions and the occurrence of selected trace elements in groundwater basins used for public drinking-water supply, Desert and Basin and Range hydrogeologic provinces, 2006-11: California GAMA Priority Basin Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-30T16:23:46","indexId":"sir20145173","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-30T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5173","title":"Geochemical conditions and the occurrence of selected trace elements in groundwater basins used for public drinking-water supply, Desert and Basin and Range hydrogeologic provinces, 2006-11: California GAMA Priority Basin Project","docAbstract":"The geochemical conditions, occurrence of selected trace elements, and processes controlling the occurrence of selected trace elements in groundwater were investigated in groundwater basins of the Desert and Basin and Range (DBR) hydrogeologic provinces in southeastern California as part of the Priority Basin Project (PBP) of the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The GAMA PBP is designed to provide an assessment of the quality of untreated (raw) groundwater in the aquifer systems that are used for public drinking-water supply. The GAMA PBP is being conducted by the California State Water Resources Control Board in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
\nThe DBR hydrogeologic provinces consist of 141 defined groundwater basins separated by mountain ranges, faults, and other features. This report presents analyses of data collected from nine study areas within the DBR hydrogeologic provinces: Antelope Valley, Borrego Valley, the Central Desert area, Coachella Valley, Colorado River, Indian Wells Valley, Low-Use Basins of the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts, the Mojave, and Owens Valley. Collectively, these nine study areas are referred to as the DBR study unit. The study unit covers approximately 7,000 square miles and includes the 63 groundwater basins in the DBR hydrogeologic provinces in which groundwater is used for public drinking-water supply. The vast majority of the 223 wells sampled for this study were long-screened production wells used primarily for public supply.
\nUncorrected carbon-14 (14C) groundwater ages for samples collected in the DBR study unit ranged from less than (<) 100 to 33,700 years before present (BP). Sixty-six percent of sample ages were greater than (>) 100 years BP, and 40 percent were >3,800 years BP. Samples collected from wells located adjacent to mountain-front recharge areas or major surface-water features generally had younger groundwater ages than did samples collected from wells located away from mountain fronts or towards the distal ends of basin groundwater flow paths. Most groundwater sampled in the DBR study unit had alkaline pH: 89 percent of sample pH values ranged from 7.1 to 9.8, with 37 percent greater than or equal to (≥) 7.9. Groundwater age was significantly correlated (positively) with pH, likely because silicate weathering is a primary control on groundwater pH and is a slow process. The oxidation-reduction (redox) condition of the groundwater sampled in the DBR study unit was predominantly oxic (71 percent), except in the Colorado River study area where organic-rich fluvial aquifers provide the electron donors necessary to support iron-reducing (anoxic-Fe) redox processes. The cation type of 78 percent of the samples was either sodium- or mixed-type, and the anion type of 83 percent of the samples was either bicarbonate- or mixed-type. Sodium-type groundwaters generally were older and more alkaline than calcium-type groundwaters, consistent with the change in water chemistry expected from cation exchange between groundwater and aquifer sediments over long periods of time. Because of the correlation with young groundwater, calcium-type groundwater was predominantly from wells located adjacent to mountain-front recharge areas.
\nArsenic (As), boron (B), fluoride (F), molybdenum (Mo), strontium (Sr), uranium (U), and vanadium (V) were selected for assessment in this study because they occurred at concentrations greater than California Department of Public Health or U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulatory or non-regulatory drinking-water-quality benchmarks in more than 2 percent of the 223 samples collected in the DBR study unit. As and F were detected most commonly (18 and 13 percent, respectively) at concentrations above associated water-quality benchmarks and Sr and V least frequently (both at 3 percent). Given that 14C groundwater ages are predominantly >100 years BP, land use in the study unit is primarily undeveloped, and chemicals derived from anthropogenic sources, such as volatile organic compounds, were infrequently detected, high concentrations of these trace elements in groundwater were most likely the result of natural factors and not anthropogenic factors.
\nAs, F, Mo, and V concentrations showed significant positive correlations to groundwater age and to pH. This relation is partly due to the sources of trace elements likely being the weathering of primary minerals, such as silicate minerals, which is a slow process that takes place over hundreds to thousands of years. This relation also reflects the positive correlation between groundwater age and pH. Geochemical modeling predicted that the dominant species of As, Mo, and V in solution were oxyanions (HAsO42–, MoO42–, and H2VO4–), which are likely to be mobile in alkaline groundwater because mineral surfaces composing aquifer matrices have a predominantly negative surface charge under alkaline conditions. F also exists predominantly as a negatively charged ion (F–). At pH values >7.5, saturation indices generated by the geochemical modeling program PHREEQC indicated that F solubility may be somewhat limited by the precipitation of the mineral fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F]. Speciation modeling of As in anoxic-Fe groundwater (iron-reducing conditions) showed that samples were supersaturated with orpiment (As2S3), indicating that mineral precipitation may be responsible for low As concentrations observed in reducing groundwater.
\nIn contrast, U concentrations showed significant negative correlations to groundwater age and to pH. Higher U concentrations generally occurred in samples for which geochemical modeling indicated that the uncharged ternary complex Ca2UO2(CO3)3 was the dominant aqueous U species. This uncharged complex is not attracted to the charged surfaces of minerals and thus increases U solubility. Formation of Ca2UO2(CO3)3 was greater in younger groundwaters because calcium and uranium concentrations generally were lower in older groundwaters, likely due to cation-exchange processes and precipitation of the mineral calcite as groundwater pH increased. Co-precipitation of U with the calcite (CaCO3) may remove U from the aqueous phase. Saturation indices indicated that the anoxic-Fe groundwaters from the Colorado River study area were supersaturated with the mineral uraninite (UO2), suggesting that UO2 precipitation may be responsible for the low concentrations of U observed in these samples.
\nConcentrations of strontium, which exists primarily in a cationic form (Sr2+), were not significantly correlated with either groundwater age or pH. Strontium concentrations showed a strong positive correlation with total dissolved solids (TDS). Dissolved constituents, such as Sr, that interact with mineral surfaces through outer-sphere complexation become increasingly soluble with increasing TDS concentrations of groundwater. Boron concentrations also showed a significant positive correlation with TDS, indicating the B may interact to a large degree with mineral surfaces through outer-sphere complexation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145173","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Wright, M., Fram, M.S., and Belitz, K., 2015, Geochemical conditions and the occurrence of selected trace elements in groundwater basins used for public drinking-water supply, Desert and Basin and Range hydrogeologic provinces, 2006-11: California GAMA Priority Basin Project: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5173, viii, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145173.","productDescription":"viii, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2006-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-037705","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145173.jpg"},{"id":297659,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5173/"},{"id":297660,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5173/pdf/sir2014-5173.pdf","size":"6.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.39916992187499,\n 34.43409789359469\n ],\n [\n -117.103271484375,\n 32.52828936482526\n ],\n [\n -114.444580078125,\n 32.704111144407406\n ],\n [\n -114.114990234375,\n 34.32529192442733\n ],\n [\n -114.67529296874999,\n 35.06597313798418\n ],\n [\n -117.39990234375,\n 37.081475648860525\n ],\n [\n -120.39916992187499,\n 34.43409789359469\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a7de4b08de9379b30a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Michael T. 0000-0003-0653-6466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0653-6466","contributorId":116545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"Michael T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fram, Miranda S. 0000-0002-6337-059X mfram@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-059X","contributorId":1156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fram","given":"Miranda","email":"mfram@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70135239,"text":"sir20145223 - 2015 - Geomorphology and flood-plain vegetation of the Sprague and lower Sycan Rivers, Klamath Basin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-24T15:35:34","indexId":"sir20145223","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-30T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5223","title":"Geomorphology and flood-plain vegetation of the Sprague and lower Sycan Rivers, Klamath Basin, Oregon","docAbstract":"This study provides information on channel and flood-plain processes and historical trends to guide effective restoration and monitoring strategies for the Sprague River Basin, a primary tributary (via the lower Williamson River) of Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. The study area covered the lower, alluvial segments of the Sprague River system, including the lower parts of the Sycan River, North Fork Sprague River, South Fork Sprague River, and the entire main-stem Sprague River between the confluence of the North Fork Sprague and the South Fork Sprague Rivers and its confluence with the Williamson River at Chiloquin, Oregon. The study included mapping and stratigraphic analysis of flood-plain deposits and flanking features; evaluation of historical records, maps and photographs; mapping and analysis of flood-plain and channel characteristics (including morphologic and vegetation conditions); and a 2006 survey of depositional features left by high flows during the winter and spring of 2005–06.
\nAnalyses focused on the channel and flood plain within an area defined as the “geomorphic flood plain,” an area encompassing active fluvial and riparian processes. The geomorphic flood plain was subdivided into 13 valley segments of distinct fluvial environments on the basis of valley form and major tributary junctions: nine segments span the 136.1 kilometers of main-stem Sprague River, two segments for the lower Sycan River, and one segment for each part of the South Fork Sprague and North Fork Sprague Rivers within the study area. Segment characteristics range from steep and narrow canyons to low-gradient reaches with expansive flood plains. The wide flood-plain valley segments are broadly similar; most contain a sinuous, low-gradient channel that migrates slowly across the valley bottom. The narrow valley segments include the steep, boulder-and-cobble-bed reaches at downstream and upstream ends of the study area as well as other confined valley segments that have similar gradients and substrates as adjacent unconfined valley segments, but much lower sinuosities. Although the geologic setting of the expansive South Fork valley segment resulted in historical conditions of sinuous and poorly defined channels and wet meadows, flanking levees now narrowly confine the channelized South Fork Sprague River for much of its length.
\nStratigraphic analyses show that before the Mazama eruption of 7,700 calendar years before present, wetlands and low flood plains flanked the main rivers of the study area. The eruption, however, covered much of the northern basin with sand- and granule-size pumice clasts, transforming channels by increasing bed-material transport and promoting bar formation and channel migration, particularly for the Sycan and North Fork Sprague Rivers, and for the Sprague River downstream of the Sycan River confluence. The South Fork Sprague River, which had much less Mazama pumice deposited in its watershed, remained a wet-meadow fluvial system until historical channelization and diking.
\nThe analysis of historical maps and aerial photographs covering the geomorphic flood plain show changes in sinuosity, migration rates, and vegetation conditions since the 1800s. Most quantitative information is for the period between 1940 and 2000. The decrease in sinuosity since 1940 for nearly all the unconfined reaches resulted partly from decreased migration rates, but mostly from several cutoffs and avulsions formed between 1940 and 1975. The river shortening and steepening possibly resulted from (1) flood-plain confinement by levees, dikes, roads, and railroads leading to deeper and faster overbank flow, thereby promoting erosion of new flood-plain channels; and (2) flood-plain disturbances such as trails, ditches, and vegetation manipulation or eradication that locally concentrated overbank flow and decreased surface resistance to channel erosion.
\nThe most evident vegetation change has been the loss of short woody vegetation adjacent to the river channels: only one-half the near-channel area covered by short woody vegetation in 1940 was similarly covered in 2000. Woody vegetation removal in the 1950s and 1960s and continuing grazing and trampling by livestock probably are the main reasons for the decrease in short woody vegetation from the dense riparian corridors of willows (Salix sp.) and other riparian shrubs noted in the early 20th century.
\nThe alluvial corridor of the South Fork Sprague River, compared to other Sprague River Basin rivers, has been the most substantially transformed since first historical observations. The present channel is incised, straightened, and separated from the rarely inundated flood plain by levees.
\nDespite these effects of human disturbances, many of the fundamental physical processes forming the Sprague River fluvial systems over the last several thousand years still function. In particular, flows are unregulated, sediment transport processes are active, and overbank flooding allows for floodplain deposition and erosion. Therefore, restoration of many of the native physical conditions and processes is possible without substantial physical manipulation of current conditions for much of the Sprague River study area. An exception is the South Fork Sprague River, where historical trends are not likely to reverse until it attains a more natural channel and flood-plain geometry and the channel aggrades to the extent that overbank flow becomes common.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145223","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Oregon and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"O'Connor, J., McDowell, P.F., Lind, P., Rasmussen, C.G., and Keith, M., 2015, Geomorphology and flood-plain vegetation of the Sprague and lower Sycan Rivers, Klamath Basin, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5223, Report: xi, 121 p.; 1 Plate: 34.11 x 20.80 inches; 8 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145223.","productDescription":"Report: xi, 121 p.; 1 Plate: 34.11 x 20.80 inches; 8 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"138","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052624","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297653,"rank":7,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5223/downloads/sir2014-5223_appendixd.xlsx","text":"Appendix D","size":"10 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":297652,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5223/downloads/sir2014-5223_appendixa.xlsx","text":"Appendix A","size":"12 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":297654,"rank":8,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5223/downloads/sir2014-5223_appendixe.xlsx","text":"Appendix E","size":"12 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":297655,"rank":9,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5223/downloads/sir2014-5223_appendixf.xlsx","text":"Appendix F","size":"21 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":297656,"rank":10,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5223/downloads/sir2014-5223_appendixg.xlsx","text":"Appendix G","size":"31 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":297657,"rank":11,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5223/downloads/sir2014-5223_appendixh.xlsx","text":"Appendix H","size":"27 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":297647,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5223/"},{"id":297651,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5223/downloads/sir2014-5223_appendixc.xlsx","text":"Appendix C","size":"10 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":297648,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5223/downloads/sir2014-5223_plate01.pdf","size":"14.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":297649,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5223/pdf/sir2014-5223.pdf","size":"8.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":297650,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5223/downloads/sir2014-5223_appendixb.xlsx","text":"Appendix B","size":"13 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"}},{"id":297658,"rank":12,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145223.jpg"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Sprague River, Sycan River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.11303710937499,\n 42.30575300304638\n ],\n [\n -122.11303710937499,\n 43.520671902437606\n ],\n [\n -119.4268798828125,\n 43.520671902437606\n ],\n [\n -119.4268798828125,\n 42.30575300304638\n ],\n [\n -122.11303710937499,\n 42.30575300304638\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a83e4b08de9379b30b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Connor, James E. oconnor@usgs.gov","contributorId":138997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"James E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDowell, Patricia F.","contributorId":116892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDowell","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lind, Pollyanna","contributorId":119823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lind","given":"Pollyanna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rasmussen, Christine G.","contributorId":118634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keith, Mackenzie K.","contributorId":16560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"Mackenzie K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70137521,"text":"sir20155005 - 2015 - Data Collection and Simulation of Ecological Habitat and Recreational Habitat in the Shenandoah River, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-21T15:08:10","indexId":"sir20155005","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-30T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5005","title":"Data Collection and Simulation of Ecological Habitat and Recreational Habitat in the Shenandoah River, Virginia","docAbstract":"This report presents updates to methods, describes additional data collected, documents modeling results, and discusses implications from an updated habitat-flow model that can be used to predict ecological habitat for fish and recreational habitat for canoeing on the main stem Shenandoah River in Virginia. Given a 76-percent increase in population predictions for 2040 over 1995 records, increased water-withdrawal scenarios were evaluated to determine the effects on habitat and recreation in the Shenandoah River. Projected water demands for 2040 vary by watershed: the North Fork Shenandoah River shows a 55.9-percent increase, the South Fork Shenandoah River shows a 46.5-percent increase, and the main stem Shenandoah River shows a 52-percent increase; most localities are projected to approach the total permitted surface-water and groundwater withdrawals values by 2040, and a few localities are projected to exceed these values.
\nThe habitat model used for this study evaluates the suitability of ecological habitat, represented by fish, and recreational habitat, represented by canoeing, based on depth, velocity, and substrate conditions, which are weighted for the physical habitat types (riffles, runs, or pools) present within a stretch of river. Weighted usable-habitat area in the Lockes Mill reach was maximized for adult smallmouth bass and sub-adult smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) and river chub (Nocomis micropogon) when streamflows were equal to median flow (900 cubic feet per second) for summer months. Ecological maximum weighted usable-habitat areas for smaller fish, such as spotfin or satinfin shiner (Cyprinella spp.), margined madtom (Noturus insignis), and juvenile redbreast sunfish (Lepomis auritus) occurred with 10th percentile flows (482 cubic feet per second) and lower. Recreational weighted usable-habitat areas for canoeing were maximized when streamflows were above the 75th percentile (1,410 cubic feet per second). During historic droughts, streamflows were less than the 10th percentile, and adult smallmouth bass and sub-adult smallmouth bass habitat was below normal for the majority of days during at least 2 months of the summer. When streamflows were less than the lowest 7-day average in a 10-year period, or 7Q10 flow (357 cubic feet per second), margined madtom, river chub, and sub-adult redbreast sunfish habitat areas were below normal as well. Streamflows that limit most fish species habit availability range from 300 to 500 cubic feet per second. For the drought years simulated, flows that were equal to or less than the 10th percentile for summer months did not provide adequate depth for canoe passage through riffle habitats. A modeling limitation for higher flows than those studied during development of the habitat-suitability criteria is that modeled habitat availability will decrease as flows increase.
\nTime-series analyses were used to investigate changes in habitat availability with increased water withdrawals of 10, 20, and almost 50 percent (48.6 percent) up to the 2040 amounts projected by local water supply plans. Adult and sub-adult smallmouth bass frequently had habitat availability outside the normal range for habitat conditions during drought years, yet 10- or 20-percent increases in withdrawals did not contribute to a large reduction in habitat. When withdrawals were increased by 50 percent, there was an additional decrease in habitat. During 2002 drought scenarios, reduced habitat availability for sub-adult redbreast sunfish or river chub was only slightly evident with 50-percent increased withdrawal scenarios. Recreational habitat represented by canoeing decreased lower than normal during the 2002 drought. For a recent normal year, like 2012, increased water-withdrawal scenarios did not affect habitat availability for fish such as adult and sub-adult smallmouth bass, sub-adult redbreast sunfish, or river chub. Canoeing habitat availability was within the normal range most of 2012, and increased water-withdrawal scenarios showed almost no affect. For both ecological fish habitat and recreational canoeing habitat, the antecedent conditions (habitat within normal range of habitat or below normal) appear to govern whether additional water withdrawals will affect habitat availability. As human populations and water demands increase, many of the ecological or recreational stresses may be lessened by managing the timing of water withdrawals from the system.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155005","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Clarke County and Warren County, Virginia","usgsCitation":"Krstolic, J.L., 2015, Data Collection and Simulation of Ecological Habitat and Recreational Habitat in the Shenandoah River, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5005, v, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155005.","productDescription":"v, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054536","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155005.jpg"},{"id":297644,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5005/"},{"id":297645,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5005/pdf/sir2015-5005.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.83 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 17N","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.97649383544922,\n 39.091699613104595\n ],\n [\n -77.97649383544922,\n 39.10695312754686\n ],\n [\n -77.9190731048584,\n 39.10695312754686\n ],\n [\n -77.9190731048584,\n 39.091699613104595\n ],\n [\n -77.97649383544922,\n 39.091699613104595\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a63e4b08de9379b3032","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krstolic, Jennifer L. 0000-0003-2253-9886 jkrstoli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2253-9886","contributorId":3677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krstolic","given":"Jennifer","email":"jkrstoli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70139739,"text":"70139739 - 2015 - Characterizing the distribution of an endangered salmonid using environmental DNA analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T17:59:07","indexId":"70139739","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-30T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing the distribution of an endangered salmonid using environmental DNA analysis","docAbstract":"Determining species distributions accurately is crucial to developing conservation and management strategies for imperiled species, but a challenging task for small populations. We evaluated the efficacy of environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis for improving detection and thus potentially refining the known distribution of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Methow and Okanogan Subbasins of the Upper Columbia River, which span the border between Washington, USA and British Columbia, Canada. We developed an assay to target a 90 base pair sequence of Chinook DNA and used quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to quantify the amount of Chinook eDNA in triplicate 1-L water samples collected at 48 stream locations in June and again in August 2012. The overall probability of detecting Chinook with our eDNA method in areas within the known distribution was 0.77 (±0.05 SE). Detection probability was lower in June (0.62, ±0.08 SE) during high flows and at the beginning of spring Chinook migration than during base flows in August (0.93, ±0.04 SE). In the Methow subbasin, mean eDNA concentration was higher in August compared to June, especially in smaller tributaries, probably resulting from the arrival of spring Chinook adults, reduced discharge, or both. Chinook eDNA concentrations did not appear to change in the Okanogan subbasin from June to August. Contrary to our expectations about downstream eDNA accumulation, Chinook eDNA did not decrease in concentration in upstream reaches (0–120 km). Further examination of factors influencing spatial distribution of eDNA in lotic systems may allow for greater inference of local population densities along stream networks or watersheds. These results demonstrate the potential effectiveness of eDNA detection methods for determining landscape-level distribution of anadromous salmonids in large river systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.025","usgsCitation":"Laramie, M.B., Pilliod, D., and Goldberg, C.S., 2015, Characterizing the distribution of an endangered salmonid using environmental DNA analysis: Biological Conservation, v. 183, p. 29-37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.025.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059842","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472314,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.025","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"British Columbia, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Upper Columbia River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.83312988281249,\n 48.026672195435985\n ],\n [\n -120.83312988281249,\n 49.66762782262192\n ],\n [\n -118.87207031250001,\n 49.66762782262192\n ],\n [\n -118.87207031250001,\n 48.026672195435985\n ],\n [\n -120.83312988281249,\n 48.026672195435985\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"183","publicComments":"Special Issue: Environmental DNA: A powerful new tool for biological conservation","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a5de4b08de9379b3014","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laramie, Matthew B. mlaramie@usgs.gov","contributorId":5627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laramie","given":"Matthew","email":"mlaramie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pilliod, David S. 0000-0003-4207-3518 dpilliod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518","contributorId":161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilliod","given":"David S.","email":"dpilliod@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldberg, Caren S.","contributorId":76879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Caren","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":5132,"text":"Washington State University, Pullman","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70139715,"text":"70139715 - 2015 - Quantification of eDNA shedding rates from invasive bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-04T16:19:11.920957","indexId":"70139715","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-30T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Quantification of eDNA shedding rates from invasive bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix","title":"Quantification of eDNA shedding rates from invasive bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix","docAbstract":"Wildlife managers can more easily mitigate the effects of invasive species if action takes place before a population becomes established. Such early detection requires sensitive survey tools that can detect low numbers of individuals. Due to their high sensitivity, environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys hold promise as an early detection method for aquatic invasive species. Quantification of eDNA amounts may also provide data on species abundance and timing of an organism’s presence, allowing managers to successfully combat the spread of ecologically damaging species. To better understand the link between eDNA and an organism’s presence, it is crucial to know how eDNA is shed into the environment. Our study used quantitative PCR (qPCR) and controlled laboratory experiments to measure the amount of eDNA that two species of invasive bigheaded carps (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) shed into the water. We first measured how much eDNA a single fish sheds and the variability of these measurements. Then, in a series of manipulative lab experiments, we studied how temperature, biomass (grams of fish), and diet affect the shedding rate of eDNA by these fish. We found that eDNA amounts exhibit a positive relationship with fish biomass, and that feeding could increase the amount of eDNA shed by ten-fold, whereas water temperature did not have an effect. Our results demonstrate that quantification of eDNA may be useful for predicting carp density, as well as densities of other rare or invasive species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.020","usgsCitation":"Klymus, K.E., Richter, C.A., Chapman, D., and Paukert, C.P., 2015, Quantification of eDNA shedding rates from invasive bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix: Biological Conservation, v. 183, p. 77-84, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.020.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"84","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053423","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297640,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"183","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2aa5e4b08de9379b3165","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.020","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.020","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Klymus Katy E., Richter Catherine A., Chapman Duane C., Paukert Craig","journalName":"Biological Conservation","publicationDate":"3/2015","auditedOn":"1/11/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klymus, Katy E. 0000-0002-8843-6241 kklymus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8843-6241","contributorId":5043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klymus","given":"Katy","email":"kklymus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richter, Cathy A. 0000-0001-7322-4206 crichter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7322-4206","contributorId":1878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"Cathy","email":"crichter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paukert, Craig P. 0000-0002-9369-8545 cpaukert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-8545","contributorId":879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paukert","given":"Craig","email":"cpaukert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70139682,"text":"70139682 - 2015 - The influence of disturbed habitat on the spatial ecology of Argentine black and white tegu (Tupinambis merianae), a recent invader in the Everglades ecosystem (Florida, USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-30T10:25:38","indexId":"70139682","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-30T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1018,"text":"Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of disturbed habitat on the spatial ecology of Argentine black and white tegu (Tupinambis merianae), a recent invader in the Everglades ecosystem (Florida, USA)","docAbstract":"The threat of invasive species is often intensified in disturbed habitat. To optimize control programs, it is necessary to understand how degraded habitat influences the behavior of invasive species. We conducted a radio telemetry study to characterize movement and habitat use of introduced male Argentine black and white tegus (Tupinambis merianae) in the Everglades of southern Florida from May to August 2012 at the core and periphery of the introduced range. Tegus at the periphery moved farther per day (mean 131.7 ± 11.6 m, n = 6) compared to tegus at the core (mean 50.3 ± 12.4 m, n = 6). However, activity ranges were not significantly smaller in the core (mean 19.4 ± 8.4 ha, n = 6) compared to periphery (mean 29.1 ± 5.2 ha, n = 6). Peripheral activity ranges were more linear due to activity being largely restricted to levee habitat surrounded by open water or marsh. Tegus were located in shrub or tree habitat (mean 96%) more often than expected based on random locations (mean 58%), and the percent cover of trees and shrubs was higher in activity ranges (mean 61%) than the general study area (17%). Our study highlighted the ability of tegus to spread across the Florida landscape, especially in linear disturbed habitats where increased movement occurred and in areas of altered hydrology where movement is not restricted by water.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10530-014-0834-7","usgsCitation":"Klug, P.E., Reed, R., Mazzotti, F., McEachern, M., Vinci, J.J., Craven, K.K., and Yackel Adams, A.A., 2015, The influence of disturbed habitat on the spatial ecology of Argentine black and white tegu (Tupinambis merianae), a recent invader in the Everglades ecosystem (Florida, USA): Biological Invasions, v. 17, no. 6, p. 1785-1797, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-014-0834-7.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1785","endPage":"1797","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054967","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297638,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Miami-Dade County","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.947021484375,\n 25.055745117015316\n ],\n [\n -81.947021484375,\n 26.828972753817787\n ],\n [\n -79.7442626953125,\n 26.828972753817787\n ],\n [\n -79.7442626953125,\n 25.055745117015316\n ],\n [\n -81.947021484375,\n 25.055745117015316\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2abfe4b08de9379b31d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klug, Page E. pklug@usgs.gov","contributorId":5545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klug","given":"Page","email":"pklug@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Robert N. reedr@usgs.gov","contributorId":1686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert N.","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank J.","contributorId":100018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McEachern, Michelle A. mmceachern@usgs.gov","contributorId":5539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEachern","given":"Michelle A.","email":"mmceachern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vinci, Joy J.","contributorId":138977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vinci","given":"Joy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12604,"text":"Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, 3205 College Avenue, University of Florida, Davie, FL 33314, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Craven, Katelin K. kcraven@usgs.gov","contributorId":5286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craven","given":"Katelin","email":"kcraven@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yackel Adams, Amy A. 0000-0002-7044-8447 yackela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-8447","contributorId":3116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel Adams","given":"Amy","email":"yackela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70139644,"text":"70139644 - 2015 - Intercontinental genetic structure and gene flow in Dunlin (Calidris alpina), a potential vector of avian influenza","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-24T18:07:02","indexId":"70139644","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-30T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1601,"text":"Evolutionary Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Intercontinental genetic structure and gene flow in Dunlin (Calidris alpina), a potential vector of avian influenza","title":"Intercontinental genetic structure and gene flow in Dunlin (Calidris alpina), a potential vector of avian influenza","docAbstract":"Waterfowl (Anseriformes) and shorebirds (Charadriiformes) are the most common wild vectors of influenza A viruses. Due to their migratory behavior, some may transmit disease over long distances. Migratory connectivity studies can link breeding and nonbreeding grounds while illustrating potential interactions among populations that may spread diseases. We investigated Dunlin (Calidris alpina), a shorebird with a subspecies (C. a. arcticola) that migrates from nonbreeding areas endemic to avian influenza in eastern Asia to breeding grounds in northern Alaska. Using microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA, we illustrate genetic structure among six subspecies: C. a. arcticola, C. a. pacifica, C. a. hudsonia, C. a. sakhalina, C. a. kistchinski, and C. a. actites. We demonstrate that mitochondrial DNA can help distinguish C. a. arcticola on the Asian nonbreeding grounds with >70% accuracy depending on their relative abundance, indicating that genetics can help determine whether C. a. arcticola occurs where they may be exposed to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) during outbreaks. Our data reveal asymmetric intercontinental gene flow, with some C. a. arcticola short-stopping migration to breed with C. a. pacifica in western Alaska. Because C. a. pacifica migrates along the Pacific Coast of North America, interactions between these subspecies and other taxa provide route for transmission of HPAI into other parts of North America.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eva.12239","usgsCitation":"Miller, M., Haig, S.M., Mullins, T.D., Ruan, L., Casler, B., Dondua, A., Gates, H.R., Johnson, J., Kendall, S.J., Tomkovich, P.S., Tracy, D., Valchuk, O.P., and Lanctot, R.B., 2015, Intercontinental genetic structure and gene flow in Dunlin (Calidris alpina), a potential vector of avian influenza: Evolutionary Applications, v. 8, no. 2, p. 149-171, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12239.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"171","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056312","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472317,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12239","text":"External Repository"},{"id":297637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Russia, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -205.13671875,\n 49.26780455063753\n ],\n [\n -205.13671875,\n 72.28906720017675\n ],\n [\n -128.84765625,\n 72.28906720017675\n ],\n [\n -128.84765625,\n 49.26780455063753\n ],\n [\n -205.13671875,\n 49.26780455063753\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.984375,\n 54.16243396806781\n ],\n [\n -108.984375,\n 72.55449849665266\n ],\n [\n -71.015625,\n 72.55449849665266\n ],\n [\n -71.015625,\n 54.16243396806781\n ],\n [\n -108.984375,\n 54.16243396806781\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a8ae4b08de9379b30e1","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/eva.12239","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12239","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Miller Mark P., Haig Susan M., Mullins Thomas D., Ruan Luzhang, Casler Bruce, Dondua Alexei, Gates H. River, Johnson J. Matthew, Kendall Steve, Tomkovich Pavel S., Tracy Diane, Valchuk Olga P., Lanctot Richard B.","journalName":"Evolutionary Applications","publicationDate":"1/28/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Mark P. mpmiller@usgs.gov","contributorId":138965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark P.","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mullins, Thomas D. 0000-0001-8948-9604 tom_mullins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-9604","contributorId":3615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Thomas","email":"tom_mullins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruan, Luzhang","contributorId":138966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruan","given":"Luzhang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12597,"text":"School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Casler, Bruce","contributorId":138967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casler","given":"Bruce","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12598,"text":"Izembek National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dondua, Alexei","contributorId":138968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dondua","given":"Alexei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12599,"text":"Gatchinskaya Str., 10-27, St. Petersburg, 197198 Russia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gates, H. River","contributorId":138969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gates","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"River","affiliations":[{"id":12600,"text":"ABR, Inc. – Environmental Research and Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnson, J. Matthew","contributorId":138970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"J. Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":12601,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Plumas National Forest","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kendall, Steven J.","contributorId":30911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kendall","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tomkovich, Pavel S.","contributorId":55333,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tomkovich","given":"Pavel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6930,"text":"Zoological Museum of Moscow, MV Lomonosov University, Moscow, Russia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tracy, Diane","contributorId":138971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tracy","given":"Diane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12602,"text":"PO Box 1443, Anchor Point, AK 99556","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Valchuk, Olga P.","contributorId":63310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Valchuk","given":"Olga","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12544,"text":"Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lanctot, Richard B.","contributorId":31894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17786,"text":"Carleton University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":135,"text":"Biological Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70137255,"text":"sir20155002 - 2015 - Chemical constituents in groundwater from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009-13","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-30T09:00:40","indexId":"sir20155002","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-30T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5002","title":"Chemical constituents in groundwater from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009-13","docAbstract":"From 2009 to 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Project office, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, collected water-quality samples from multiple water-bearing zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer. Water samples were collected from 11 monitoring wells completed in about 250–750 feet of the upper part of the aquifer, and samples were analyzed for selected major ions, trace elements, nutrients, radiochemical constituents, and stable isotopes. Each well was equipped with a multilevel monitoring system containing four to seven sampling ports that were each isolated by permanent packer systems. The sampling ports were installed in aquifer zones that were highly transmissive and that represented the water chemistry of the top three to five model layers of a steady-state and transient groundwater‑flow model. The groundwater-flow model and water chemistry are being used to better define movement of wastewater constituents in the aquifer.
\nThe water-chemistry composition of all sampled zones for the five new multilevel wells is calcium plus magnesium bicarbonate. One of the zones in well USGS 131A has a slightly different chemistry from the rest of the zones and wells and the difference is attributed to more wastewater influence from the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center. One well, USGS 135, was not influenced by wastewater disposal and consisted of mostly older water in all of its zones.
\nTritium concentrations in relation to basaltic flow units indicate the presence of wastewater influence in multiple basalt flow groups; however, tritium is most abundant in the South Late Matuyama flow group in the southern boundary wells. The concentrations of wastewater constituents in deep zones in wells Middle 2051, USGS 132, USGS 105, and USGS 103 support the concept of groundwater flow deepening in the southwestern corner of the INL, as indicated by the INL groundwater-flow model.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155002","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Bartholomay, R.C., Hopkins, C.B., and Maimer, N.V., 2015, Chemical constituents in groundwater from multiple zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2009-13: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5002, vi, 109 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155002.","productDescription":"vi, 109 p.","numberOfPages":"120","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-053010","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155002.jpg"},{"id":297628,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5002/"},{"id":297630,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5002/pdf/sir2015-5002.pdf","size":"6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Idaho National Laboratory","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.2470703125,\n 43.29519939210697\n ],\n [\n -113.2470703125,\n 44.02442151965934\n ],\n [\n -112.42584228515625,\n 44.02442151965934\n ],\n [\n -112.42584228515625,\n 43.29519939210697\n ],\n [\n -113.2470703125,\n 43.29519939210697\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"DOE/ID-22232","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a5ee4b08de9379b3018","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomay, Roy C. 0000-0002-4809-9287 rcbarth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-9287","contributorId":1131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"Roy","email":"rcbarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hopkins, Candice B. 0000-0003-3207-7267 chopkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-7267","contributorId":1379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"Candice","email":"chopkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maimer, Neil V. 0000-0003-3047-3282 nmaimer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3047-3282","contributorId":5659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maimer","given":"Neil","email":"nmaimer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70139250,"text":"70139250 - 2015 - Origin of Atlantic Sturgeon collected off the Delaware coast during spring months","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-30T08:48:32","indexId":"70139250","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-30T08:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of Atlantic Sturgeon collected off the Delaware coast during spring months","docAbstract":"Atlantic Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus was federally listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act as five distinct population segments (DPS). Currently, at least 18 estuaries coastwide host spawning populations and the viability of these vary, requiring differing levels of protection. Subadults emigrate from their natal estuaries to marine waters where they are vulnerable to bycatch; one of the major threats to the rebuilding of populations. As a result, identifying the population origin of Atlantic Sturgeon in coastal waters is critical to development of management plans intended to minimize interactions of the most imperiled populations with damaging fisheries. We used mitochondrial DNA control region sequencing and microsatellite DNA analyses to determine the origin of 261 Atlantic Sturgeon collected off the Delaware coast during the spring months. Using individual-based assignment (IBA) testing and mixed stock analysis, we found that specimens originated from all nine of our reference populations and the five DPSs used in the listing determination. Using IBA, we found that the Hudson River population was the largest contributor (38.3%) to our coastal collection. The James (19.9%) and Delaware (13.8%) river populations, at one time thought to be extirpated or nearly so, were the next largest contributors. The three populations combined in the South Atlantic DPS contributed 21% of specimens; the Altamaha River, the largest population in the South Atlantic DPS, only contributed a single specimen to the collection. While the origin of specimens collected on the Delaware coast was most likely within rivers of the New York Bight DPS (52.1%), specimens that originated elsewhere were also well represented. Genetic analyses provide a robust tool to identify the population origin of individual sturgeon outside of their natal estuaries and to determine the quantitative contributions of individual populations to coastal aggregations that are vulnerable to bycatch and other anthropogenic threats.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2014.963751","usgsCitation":"Wirgin, I., Breece, M.W., Fox, D.A., Maceda, L., Wark, K.W., and King, T.L., 2015, Origin of Atlantic Sturgeon collected off the Delaware coast during spring months: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 1, p. 20-30, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2014.963751.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"20","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056177","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297629,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.05722045898438,\n 38.49121932062687\n ],\n [\n -75.05722045898438,\n 38.585746636004494\n ],\n [\n -74.88006591796874,\n 38.585746636004494\n ],\n [\n -74.88006591796874,\n 38.49121932062687\n ],\n [\n -75.05722045898438,\n 38.49121932062687\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2aa0e4b08de9379b314a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wirgin, Isaac","contributorId":138929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wirgin","given":"Isaac","affiliations":[{"id":12583,"text":"New York University School of Medicine Tuxedo, New York, UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breece, Matthew W.","contributorId":116999,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breece","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fox, Dewayne A.","contributorId":117052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fox","given":"Dewayne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12970,"text":"Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Delaware State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maceda, Lorraine","contributorId":138930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maceda","given":"Lorraine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12584,"text":"New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York UNITED STATES","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wark, Kevin W.","contributorId":116263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wark","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"King, Tim L. tlking@usgs.gov","contributorId":3520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Tim","email":"tlking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70155959,"text":"70155959 - 2015 - Assessment of surface water chloride and conductivity trends in areas of unconventional oil and gas development — Why existing national data sets cannot tell us what we would like to know","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-15T17:04:15.648777","indexId":"70155959","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of surface water chloride and conductivity trends in areas of unconventional oil and gas development — Why existing national data sets cannot tell us what we would like to know","docAbstract":"Heightened concern regarding the potential effects of unconventional oil and gas development on regional water quality has emerged, but the few studies on this topic are limited in geographic scope. Here we evaluate the potential utility of national and publicly available water-quality data sets for addressing questions regarding unconventional oil and gas development. We used existing U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency data sets to increase understanding of the spatial distribution of unconventional oil and gas development in the U.S. and broadly assess surface water quality trends in these areas. Based on sample size limitations, we were able to estimate trends in specific conductance (SC) and chloride (Cl−) from 1970 to 2010 in 16% (n = 155) of the watersheds with unconventional oil and gas resources. We assessed these trends relative to spatiotemporal distributions of hydraulically fractured wells. Results from this limited analysis suggest no consistent and widespread trends in surface water quality for SC and Cl− in areas with increasing unconventional oil and gas development and highlight limitations of existing national databases for addressing questions regarding unconventional oil and gas development and water quality.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014WR016382","usgsCitation":"Bowen, Z.H., Oelsner, G.P., Cade, B.S., Gallegos, T.J., Farag, A.M., Mott, D.N., Potter, C.J., Cinotto, P.J., Clark, M.L., Kappel, W.M., Kresse, T.M., Melcher, C.P., Paschke, S.S., Susong, D.D., and Varela, B., 2015, Assessment of surface water chloride and conductivity trends in areas of unconventional oil and gas development — Why existing national data sets cannot tell us what we would like to know: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 1, p. 704-715, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016382.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"704","endPage":"715","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051045","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472318,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014wr016382","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306679,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130.67138671875,\n 54.686534234529695\n ],\n [\n -129.9462890625,\n 55.36662484928637\n ],\n [\n -130.1220703125,\n 56.145549500679074\n ],\n [\n -131.9677734375,\n 56.9449741808516\n ],\n [\n -135.3076171875,\n 59.833775202184206\n ],\n [\n -136.38427734375,\n 59.65664225341022\n ],\n [\n -136.6259765625,\n 59.23217626921806\n ],\n [\n -137.52685546875,\n 58.938673187948304\n ],\n [\n -137.65869140625,\n 59.33318942659219\n ],\n [\n -138.8232421875,\n 60.009970961180386\n ],\n [\n -139.21874999999997,\n 60.108670463036\n ],\n [\n -139.04296875,\n 60.403001945865476\n ],\n [\n -139.85595703125,\n 60.337823495982015\n ],\n [\n -140.99853515625,\n 60.337823495982015\n ],\n [\n -141.15234374999997,\n 69.71810669906763\n ],\n [\n -143.4375,\n 70.17020068549206\n ],\n [\n -145.1953125,\n 70.08056215839737\n ],\n [\n -149.765625,\n 70.58341752317065\n ],\n [\n -152.40234375,\n 70.61261423801925\n ],\n [\n -152.314453125,\n 70.95969716686398\n ],\n [\n -157.1484375,\n 71.35706654962706\n ],\n [\n -159.9609375,\n 70.8734913192635\n ],\n [\n -162.0703125,\n 70.31873847853124\n ],\n [\n -163.916015625,\n 69.06856318696033\n ],\n [\n -166.376953125,\n 68.942606818121\n ],\n [\n -166.376953125,\n 68.26938680456564\n ],\n [\n -163.30078125,\n 66.86108230224609\n ],\n [\n -161.982421875,\n 66.47820814385636\n ],\n [\n -163.564453125,\n 66.08936427047088\n ],\n [\n -163.564453125,\n 66.6181218846659\n ],\n [\n -165.76171875,\n 66.40795547978848\n ],\n [\n -168.0908203125,\n 65.69447579373418\n ],\n [\n -166.55273437499997,\n 65.14611484756372\n ],\n [\n -166.904296875,\n 65.05360170595502\n ],\n [\n -166.3330078125,\n 64.41592147626879\n ],\n [\n -162.861328125,\n 64.39693778132846\n ],\n [\n -160.927734375,\n 64.90491004905083\n ],\n [\n -161.0595703125,\n 64.47279382008166\n ],\n [\n -161.4990234375,\n 64.49172504435471\n ],\n [\n -160.8837890625,\n 63.87939001720202\n ],\n [\n -161.1474609375,\n 63.470144746565424\n ],\n [\n -162.6416015625,\n 63.64625919492172\n ],\n [\n -163.212890625,\n 63.05495931065107\n ],\n [\n -164.2236328125,\n 63.37183226679281\n ],\n [\n -166.1572265625,\n 61.75233128411639\n ],\n [\n -165.3662109375,\n 60.54377524118842\n ],\n [\n -167.431640625,\n 60.326947742998414\n ],\n [\n -167.255859375,\n 59.866883195210214\n ],\n [\n -165.8935546875,\n 59.7563950493563\n ],\n [\n -162.68554687499997,\n 59.734253447591364\n ],\n [\n -162.3779296875,\n 60.174306261926034\n ],\n [\n -161.806640625,\n 59.46740794183739\n ],\n [\n -162.0263671875,\n 59.108308258604964\n ],\n [\n -161.806640625,\n 58.768200159239576\n ],\n [\n -162.20214843749997,\n 58.65408464530598\n ],\n [\n -160.83984375,\n 58.44773280389084\n ],\n [\n -159.9609375,\n 58.6769376725869\n ],\n [\n -159.08203125,\n 58.309488840677645\n ],\n [\n -156.88476562499997,\n 58.92733441827545\n ],\n [\n -157.5,\n 58.516651799363785\n ],\n [\n -157.8076171875,\n 57.61010702068388\n ],\n [\n -161.54296875,\n 56.022948079627454\n ],\n [\n -168.6181640625,\n 53.4357192066942\n ],\n [\n -174.9462890625,\n 52.26815737376817\n ],\n [\n -178.2421875,\n 51.83577752045248\n ],\n [\n -173.1884765625,\n 51.590722643120145\n ],\n [\n -162.5537109375,\n 54.23955053156177\n ],\n [\n -155.302734375,\n 55.52863052257191\n ],\n [\n -151.4794921875,\n 57.51582286553883\n ],\n [\n -146.9970703125,\n 60.08676274626006\n ],\n [\n -145.546875,\n 60.21799073323445\n ],\n [\n -144.228515625,\n 59.689926220143356\n ],\n [\n -142.3828125,\n 59.93300042374631\n ],\n [\n -138.3837890625,\n 58.83649009392136\n ],\n [\n -135.6591796875,\n 56.31653672211301\n ],\n [\n -133.2421875,\n 54.521081495443596\n ],\n [\n -130.67138671875,\n 54.686534234529695\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.796875,\n 44.902577996288876\n ],\n [\n -67.67578124999999,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -67.939453125,\n 47.57652571374621\n ],\n [\n -69.2578125,\n 47.338822694822\n ],\n [\n -71.19140625,\n 45.27488643704891\n ],\n [\n -75.146484375,\n 44.96479793033101\n ],\n [\n -78.046875,\n 43.644025847699496\n ],\n [\n -79.1015625,\n 43.51668853502906\n ],\n [\n -79.1015625,\n 42.87596410238256\n ],\n [\n -82.68310546875,\n 41.65649719441145\n ],\n [\n -83.14453125,\n 42.049292638686836\n ],\n [\n -83.07861328125,\n 42.374778361114195\n ],\n [\n -82.529296875,\n 42.601619944327965\n ],\n [\n -82.24365234375,\n 43.6599240747891\n ],\n [\n -82.41943359375,\n 45.058001435398275\n ],\n [\n -83.60595703125,\n 45.85941212790755\n ],\n [\n -83.49609375,\n 46.027481852486645\n ],\n [\n -83.7158203125,\n 46.164614496897094\n ],\n [\n -83.95751953125,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n -84.24316406249999,\n 46.558860303117164\n ],\n [\n -84.72656249999999,\n 46.558860303117164\n ],\n [\n -84.90234375,\n 46.92025531537451\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 48.3416461723746\n ],\n [\n -89.3408203125,\n 47.96050238891509\n ],\n [\n -90.76904296874999,\n 48.122101028190805\n ],\n [\n -90.87890625,\n 48.22467264956519\n ],\n [\n -91.51611328125,\n 48.10743118848039\n ],\n [\n -92.2412109375,\n 48.37084770238366\n ],\n [\n -92.39501953125,\n 48.23930899024907\n ],\n [\n -92.94433593749999,\n 48.61838518688487\n ],\n [\n -93.44970703125,\n 48.63290858589535\n ],\n [\n -94.7021484375,\n 48.748945343432936\n ],\n [\n -94.833984375,\n 49.23912083246698\n ],\n [\n -95.1416015625,\n 49.396675075193976\n ],\n [\n -95.20751953125,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -123.0908203125,\n 48.80686346108517\n ],\n [\n -123.24462890625,\n 48.66194284607006\n ],\n [\n -123.1787109375,\n 48.32703913063476\n ],\n [\n -124.78271484375,\n 48.472921272487824\n ],\n [\n -124.93652343749999,\n 48.16608541901253\n ],\n [\n -124.365234375,\n 46.58906908309182\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 44.15068115978094\n ],\n [\n -124.93652343749999,\n 42.69858589169842\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 41.22824901518529\n ],\n [\n -124.73876953125,\n 40.43022363450862\n ],\n [\n -124.03564453125,\n 39.35129035526705\n ],\n [\n -124.01367187499999,\n 38.8225909761771\n ],\n [\n -122.05810546875,\n 36.12012758978146\n ],\n [\n -120.95947265624999,\n 34.88593094075317\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -118.21289062499999,\n 32.2313896627376\n ],\n [\n -117.22412109375,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 32.713355353177555\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 32.491230287947594\n ],\n [\n -110.98388671874999,\n 31.3348710339506\n ],\n [\n -108.21533203125,\n 31.297327991404266\n ],\n [\n -108.2373046875,\n 31.765537409484374\n ],\n [\n -106.435546875,\n 31.765537409484374\n ],\n [\n -104.9853515625,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -104.47998046875,\n 29.592565403314087\n ],\n [\n -103.20556640625,\n 28.94086176940557\n ],\n [\n -102.65625,\n 29.76437737516313\n ],\n [\n -102.3486328125,\n 29.84064389983441\n ],\n [\n -101.49169921875,\n 29.7453016622136\n ],\n [\n -100.83251953125,\n 29.267232865200878\n ],\n [\n -100.30517578125,\n 28.246327971048842\n ],\n [\n -99.60205078124999,\n 27.586197857692664\n ],\n [\n -99.47021484375,\n 27.31321389856826\n ],\n [\n -99.228515625,\n 26.52956523826758\n ],\n [\n -98.2177734375,\n 26.05678288577881\n ],\n [\n -97.75634765625,\n 26.03704188651584\n ],\n [\n -97.44873046875,\n 25.839449402063185\n ],\n [\n -97.20703125,\n 25.93828707492375\n ],\n [\n -96.8994140625,\n 26.194876675795218\n ],\n [\n -96.78955078125,\n 27.858503954841247\n ],\n [\n -93.75732421875,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -90.2197265625,\n 28.998531814051795\n ],\n [\n -88.22021484375,\n 29.05616970274342\n ],\n [\n -87.91259765625,\n 30.14512718337613\n ],\n [\n -86.5283203125,\n 30.183121842195515\n ],\n [\n -85.2978515625,\n 29.49698759653577\n ],\n [\n -84.13330078125,\n 29.80251790576445\n ],\n [\n -82.81494140625,\n 28.555576049185973\n ],\n [\n -83.21044921875,\n 27.800209937418252\n ],\n [\n -82.77099609375,\n 26.941659545381516\n ],\n [\n -82.08984375,\n 25.878994400196202\n ],\n [\n -81.5625,\n 25.264568475331583\n ],\n [\n -82.28759765625,\n 24.467150664739002\n ],\n [\n -82.0458984375,\n 24.046463999666567\n ],\n [\n -80.6396484375,\n 24.56710835257599\n ],\n [\n -79.78271484375,\n 25.34402602913433\n ],\n [\n -79.60693359375,\n 27.27416111737468\n ],\n [\n -80.68359375,\n 30.713503990354965\n ],\n [\n -80.66162109375,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -76.81640625,\n 34.07086232376631\n ],\n [\n -75.16845703124999,\n 35.263561862152095\n ],\n [\n -75.498046875,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -73.58642578125,\n 39.90973623453719\n ],\n [\n -71.3671875,\n 40.84706035607122\n ],\n [\n -69.63134765625,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -70.0048828125,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -70.3564453125,\n 42.89206418807337\n ],\n [\n -67.2802734375,\n 44.37098696297173\n ],\n [\n -67.0166015625,\n 44.69989765840318\n ],\n [\n -66.796875,\n 44.902577996288876\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfaae4b08400b1fe13d4","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2014wr016382","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014wr016382","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Bowen Zachary H., Oelsner Gretchen P., Cade Brian S., Gallegos Tanya J., Farag Aida M., Mott David N., Potter Christopher J., Cinotto Peter J., Clark Melanie L., Kappel William M., Kresse Timothy M., Melcher Cynthia P., Paschke Suzanne S., Susong David D., Varela Brian A.","journalName":"Water Resources Research","publicationDate":"1/2015","auditedOn":"2/10/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Zachary H. 0000-0002-8656-1831 bowenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-1831","contributorId":821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Zachary","email":"bowenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oelsner, Gretchen P. 0000-0001-9329-7357 goelsner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9329-7357","contributorId":4440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oelsner","given":"Gretchen","email":"goelsner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cade, Brian S. 0000-0001-9623-9849 cadeb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-9849","contributorId":1278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cade","given":"Brian","email":"cadeb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gallegos, Tanya J. 0000-0003-3350-6473 tgallegos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-6473","contributorId":2206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"Tanya","email":"tgallegos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farag, Aida M. 0000-0003-4247-6763 aida_farag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6763","contributorId":1139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farag","given":"Aida","email":"aida_farag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mott, David N. dmott@usgs.gov","contributorId":744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mott","given":"David","email":"dmott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Potter, Christopher J. 0000-0002-2300-6670 cpotter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-6670","contributorId":1026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"Christopher","email":"cpotter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cinotto, Peter J. pcinotto@usgs.gov","contributorId":451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cinotto","given":"Peter","email":"pcinotto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":354,"text":"Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Clark, Melanie L. mlclark@usgs.gov","contributorId":1827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Melanie","email":"mlclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kappel, William M. 0000-0002-2382-9757 wkappel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2382-9757","contributorId":1074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kappel","given":"William","email":"wkappel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kresse, Timothy M. 0000-0003-1035-0672 tkresse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1035-0672","contributorId":2758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kresse","given":"Timothy","email":"tkresse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Melcher, Cynthia P. 0000-0002-8044-9689 melcherc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8044-9689","contributorId":5094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melcher","given":"Cynthia","email":"melcherc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Paschke, Suzanne S. 0000-0002-3471-4242 spaschke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3471-4242","contributorId":1347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paschke","given":"Suzanne","email":"spaschke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Susong, David D. ddsusong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Susong","given":"David","email":"ddsusong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Varela, Brian A. 0000-0001-9849-6742","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9849-6742","contributorId":62495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varela","given":"Brian A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70138255,"text":"ofr20141260 - 2015 - California State Waters Map Series — Offshore of Pacifica, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T19:57:57.322391","indexId":"ofr20141260","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-29T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1260","title":"California State Waters Map Series — Offshore of Pacifica, California","docAbstract":"In 2007, the California Ocean Protection Council initiated the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP), designed to create a comprehensive seafloor map of high-resolution bathymetry, marine benthic habitats, and geology within the 3-nautical-mile limit of California’s State Waters. The CSMP approach is to create highly detailed seafloor maps through collection, integration, interpretation, and visualization of swath sonar data, acoustic backscatter, seafloor video, seafloor photography, high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom-sediment sampling data. The map products display seafloor morphology and character, identify potential marine benthic habitats, and illustrate both the surficial seafloor geology and shallow (to about 100 m) subsurface geology.
\nThe Offshore of Pacifica map area is located in northern California, on the Pacific coast of the San Francisco Peninsula about 10 kilometers south of the Golden Gate. The map area extends from Daly City, through Pacifica, to the small coastal community of Montara. Much of the coastal zone is managed by either the State of California or local governments, including Thornton Beach State Park, Mussel Rock Park, Pacifica State Beach, Gray Whale Cove State Beach, and Montara State Beach.
\nThe major structure in the transform boundary between the Pacific and North American tectonic plates, the northwest-striking San Andreas Fault, cuts through the map area, crossing the shoreline near Mussel Rock before continuing offshore. The epicenter of the great 1906 California earthquake is located on the offshore part of the San Andreas Fault Zone a few kilometers north of the map area.
\nThe map area is located at the northwest end of the Santa Cruz Mountains, much of which has been uplifted in the last 400,000 years. Southwest of the San Andreas Fault Zone, this uplift has resulted in a highly variable coastal morphology characterized by long, narrow beaches bounded by steep cliffs or marine terraces, small pocket beaches surrounded by rocky promontories, and steep, narrow coastal watersheds. Geologic units mapped along the coast include sedimentary, volcanic, and metamorphic rocks of the Franciscan Complex; Cretaceous granitic rocks; Tertiary sedimentary rocks; and Quaternary coastal marine terraces, deep-seated and shallow landslides, and beach and sand dune deposits, all of which contribute sediment to the coastal zone.
\nIn contrast to the more rural coastal zone to the south, the highly urbanized coastal zone north of Mussel Rock and the San Andreas Fault Zone is characterized by a narrow beach bounded by steep, 50- to 120-m-high cliffs made up of sand, silt, and clay of the Pliocene and Pleistocene Merced Formation, the source of numerous landslides. Two large landslides along “Northridge bluff” in 2003 and 2007 had estimated volumes of 305,800 to 382,300 m3 and 120,800 m3, respectively. Coastal landslides also are an issue to the south between Mussel Rock and Mori Point, even as bluffs diminish in height and pocket beaches transition to a more continuous strand bounded by Quaternary-age dunes and low-lying marine terraces. Mori Point, a coastal promontory in Pacifica underlain by rocks of the Franciscan Complex, rises abruptly to a height of 90 m from the shoreline. Pocket beaches characterize the shoreline from Mori Point south to Shelter Cove, the largest of which, Pacifica State Beach, is at the mouth of San Pedro Creek.
\nThe coastal zone south of Pacifica, which stretches from Shelter Cove to Montara and includes Point San Pedro and Devils Slide, lies at the northwest end of San Pedro Mountain (underlain largely by early Tertiary sedimentary rocks) and Montara Mountain (underlain by Cretaceous granitic rocks). Elevations at Montara Mountain exceed 500 m just 4 km from the shoreline, and steep cliffs along the coast are as high as 275 m. This rugged terrain results in numerous rocky promontories, small pocket beaches, and large coastal landslides. Slope failures along Devils Slide are notorious for closing California Highway 1, creating such a large and persistent problem that the California Department of Transportation has bypassed this coastal section by tunneling through San Pedro Mountain; the tunnel was completed and the new section of highway opened in 2013. Coastal relief diminishes at Montara in the southernmost part of the map area, where the shoreline is bounded by 10- to 20-m-high marine terraces.
\nThroughout the year, this part of the coast is exposed to the north Pacific swell, the southern swell, northwest wind waves, and local wind waves. The north Pacific swell dominates in winter months, having wave heights that range from 2 to 10 m at offshore buoys and wave periods that range from 10 to 25 s. During summer months, the largest waves come from the southern swell, generated by storms in the south Pacific and offshore of Central America. Characteristically, these swells have smaller wave heights (0.3–3 m) but similarly long wave periods (10–25 s). Local wind waves are most common from October to April, whereas northwest wind waves affect the coast throughout the year. These two wind-wave regimes typically have wave heights of 1 to 4 m and short wave periods (3–10 s).
\nUnlike many other parts of the California coast where sediment is supplied primarily from river and (or) stream runoff, sediment supply to the offshore along this part of northern California is a complex mixture of (1) sand transported from the coast north of the Golden Gate, (2) sediment transported to the coast through the San Francisco Bay via the Golden Gate and then dispersed over the adjacent ebb-tide delta, and (3) varying volumes of sediment eroded from adjacent steep coastal bluffs caused by wave-induced landslides and other erosional events. Additionally, since the 1980s, coastal erosion south of the Golden Gate has increased substantially between Ocean Beach (on the west coast of San Francisco, about 5 km north of the map area) and Point San Pedro. The combined sediment load is transported southward along the coast by the generally north-to-south alongshore current, which develops in response to the energetic winter-wave climate associated with the north Pacific swell. Overall, beaches in the map area have a long-term erosional trend, except near Mussel Rock where a long-term accretionary trend may reflect increased sediment supply from landslides. Beach-front riprap armoring and retaining walls are used locally to protect the shoreline from seasonal storm waves, most notably between Mussel Rock and Mori Point.
\nThe continental shelf in the map area is about 40 km wide, with water depths at the shelf break that range from about 80 to 120 m. Within California’s State Waters, the midshelf to inner shelf areas are characterized by a relatively flat, shallow (water depths of as much as 44 m) seafloor that dips gently (about 0.2° to 0.3°) westward. The seafloor is composed primarily of unconsolidated Holocene sediment (marine deposits), as well as some nearshore bedrock outcrops that consist primarily of rocks of the Tertiary Purisima Formation and also Cretaceous plutonic rocks (granite or granodiorite).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141260","usgsCitation":"Edwards, B.D., Phillips, E.L., Dartnell, P., Greene, H., Bretz, C., Kvitek, R.G., Hartwell, S.R., Johnson, S.Y., Cochrane, G.R., Dieter, B., Sliter, R.W., Ross, S.L., Golden, N., Watt, J.T., Chinn, J.L., Erdey, M.D., Krigsman, L., Manson, M., and Endris, C.A., 2015, California State Waters Map Series — Offshore of Pacifica, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1260, Report: iv, 38 p.; 10 Sheets: 48.00 × 36.00 inches or smaller; Metadata; Data Catalog, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141260.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 38 p.; 10 Sheets: 48.00 × 36.00 inches or smaller; Metadata; Data Catalog","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052391","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297627,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141260.gif"},{"id":297624,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1260/downloads/ofr2014-1260_sheet8.pdf","text":"Sheet 8","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 8","linkHelpText":"Seismic-Reflection Profiles, Offshore of Pacifica Map Area, California By Ray W. Sliter, Samuel Y. Johnson, Stephanie L. Ross, and John L. Chin (48\" x 36\", 18.7 MB)"},{"id":297616,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1260/downloads/ofr2014-1260_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Pamphlet"},{"id":297615,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1260/"},{"id":297620,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1260/downloads/ofr2014-1260_sheet4.pdf","text":"Sheet 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 4","linkHelpText":"Data Integration and Visualization, Offshore of Pacifica Map Area, California By Peter Dartnell (46\" x 36\", 17 MB)"},{"id":297621,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1260/downloads/ofr2014-1260_sheet5.pdf","text":"Sheet 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 5","linkHelpText":"Seafloor Character, Offshore of Pacifica Map Area, California By Eleyne L. Phillips and Guy R. Cochrane (46\" x 36\", 26.5 MB)"},{"id":297617,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1260/downloads/ofr2014-1260_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 1","linkHelpText":"Colored Shaded-Relief Bathymetry, Offshore of Pacifica Map Area, California By Carrie K. Bretz, Rikk G. Kvitek, Peter Dartnell, and Eleyne L. Phillips (39\" x 36\", 20 MB)"},{"id":297618,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1260/downloads/ofr2014-1260_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 2","linkHelpText":"Shaded-Relief Bathymetry, Offshore of Pacifica Map Area, California By Carrie K. Bretz, Rikk G. Kvitek, Peter Dartnell, and Eleyne L. Phillips (39\" x 36\", 23.5 MB)"},{"id":297619,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1260/downloads/ofr2014-1260_sheet3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 3","linkHelpText":"Acoustic Backscatter, Offshore of Pacifica Map Area, California By Carrie K. Bretz, Rikk G. Kvitek, Peter Dartnell, Mercedes D. Erdey, and Eleyne L. Phillips (39\" x 36\", 25.7 MB)"},{"id":297622,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1260/downloads/ofr2014-1260_sheet6.pdf","text":"Sheet 6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 6","linkHelpText":"Ground-Truth Studies, Offshore of Pacifica Map Area, California By Nadine E. Golden, Brian D. Edwards, Guy R. Cochrane, Eleyne L. Phillips, Mercedes D. Erdey, and Lisa M. Krigsman (46\" x 36\", 19.6 MB)"},{"id":297623,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1260/downloads/ofr2014-1260_sheet7.pdf","text":"Sheet 7","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 7","linkHelpText":"Potential Marine Benthic Habitats, Offshore of Pacifica Map Area, California By Charles A. Endris, H. Gary Greene, Bryan E. Dieter, Mercedes D. Erdey, Nadine E. Golden, and Brian D. Edwards (46\" x 36\", 17.4 MB)"},{"id":297625,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1260/downloads/ofr2014-1260_sheet9.pdf","text":"Sheet 9","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 9","linkHelpText":"Local (Offshore of Pacifica Map Area) and Regional (Offshore from Bolinas to Pescadero) Shallow-Subsurface Geology and Structure, California By Samuel Y. Johnson, Stephen R. Hartwell, Ray W. Sliter, Janet T. Watt, Eleyne L. Phillips, Stephanie L. Ross, and John L. Chin (46\" x 36\", 8.7 MB)"},{"id":297626,"rank":12,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1260/downloads/ofr2014-1260_sheet10.pdf","text":"Sheet 10","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Sheet 10","linkHelpText":"Offshore and Onshore Geology and Geomorphology, Offshore of Pacifica Map Area, California By H. Gary Greene, Stephen R. Hartwell, Michael W. Manson, Samuel Y. Johnson, Bryan E. Dieter, Eleyne L. Phillips, and Janet T. Watt (47.8\" x 36\", 13.6 MB)"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Pacifica","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.662353515625,\n 37.50318937824072\n ],\n [\n -122.662353515625,\n 37.72293542866175\n ],\n [\n -122.420654296875,\n 37.72293542866175\n ],\n [\n -122.420654296875,\n 37.50318937824072\n ],\n [\n -122.662353515625,\n 37.50318937824072\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a5ce4b08de9379b300a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Cochran, Susan A. 0000-0002-2442-8787 scochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2442-8787","contributorId":2062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Susan A.","email":"scochran@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539543,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Brian D. bedwards@usgs.gov","contributorId":3161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Brian","email":"bedwards@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539544,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, Brian D. bedwards@usgs.gov","contributorId":3161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Brian","email":"bedwards@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Eleyne L.","contributorId":44485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Eleyne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dartnell, Peter 0000-0002-9554-729X pdartnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-729X","contributorId":2688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dartnell","given":"Peter","email":"pdartnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Greene, H. Gary","contributorId":38958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"H. Gary","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bretz, Carrie K.","contributorId":19101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bretz","given":"Carrie K.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kvitek, Rikk G.","contributorId":107804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvitek","given":"Rikk","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hartwell, Stephen R. 0000-0002-3522-7526 shartwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3522-7526","contributorId":4995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartwell","given":"Stephen","email":"shartwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Johnson, Samuel Y. 0000-0001-7972-9977 sjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7972-9977","contributorId":2607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Samuel","email":"sjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cochrane, Guy R. 0000-0002-8094-4583 gcochrane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8094-4583","contributorId":2870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochrane","given":"Guy","email":"gcochrane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Dieter, Bryan E.","contributorId":21859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieter","given":"Bryan E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sliter, Ray W. 0000-0003-0337-3454 rsliter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-3454","contributorId":1992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"Ray","email":"rsliter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ross, Stephanie L. 0000-0003-1389-4405 sross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-4405","contributorId":1024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Stephanie","email":"sross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Golden, Nadine E. ngolden@usgs.gov","contributorId":1980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golden","given":"Nadine E.","email":"ngolden@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Watt, Janet Tilden 0000-0002-4759-3814 jwatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4759-3814","contributorId":1754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watt","given":"Janet","email":"jwatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tilden","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Chinn, John L.","contributorId":97497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chinn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Erdey, Mercedes D. merdey@usgs.gov","contributorId":5411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erdey","given":"Mercedes","email":"merdey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Krigsman, Lisa M.","contributorId":43642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krigsman","given":"Lisa M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Manson, Michael W.","contributorId":48503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manson","given":"Michael W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Endris, Charles A.","contributorId":87824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Endris","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ]}