A microearthquake network is a group of highly sensitive seismographic stations designed primarily to record local earthquakes of magnitudes less than 3. Depending on the application, a microearthquake network will consist of several stations or as many as a few hundred . They are usually classified as either permanent or temporary. In a permanent network, the seismic signal from each is telemetered to a central recording site to cut down on the operating costs and to allow more efficient and up-to-date processing of the data. However, telemetering can restrict the location sites because of the line-of-site requirement for radio transmission or the need for telephone lines. Temporary networks are designed to be extremely portable and completely self-contained so that they can be very quickly deployed. They are most valuable for recording aftershocks of a major earthquake or for studies in remote areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Lee, W., and Steward, S.W., 1979, Microearthquake networks and earthquake prediction: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 11, no. 6, p. 192-195.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"192","endPage":"195","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319259,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be45e4b0f59b85e02eab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steward, S. W.","contributorId":167758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steward","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70168571,"text":"70168571 - 1979 - Predicting rock bursts in mines","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-22T12:47:49","indexId":"70168571","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting rock bursts in mines","docAbstract":"In terms of lives lost, rock bursts in underground mines can be as hazardous as earthquakes on the surface. So it is not surprising that fo the last 40 years the U.S Bureau of Mines has been using seismic methods for detecting areas in underground mines where there is a high differential stress which could lead to structural instability of the rock mass being excavated.
\nThe microseismic method relies on observational data, amply demonstrated in laboratory experiments, that acoustic noise occurs in rocks subjected to high differential stresses. Acoustic emission becomes most pronounced as the breaking strength of the rock is reached. Laboratory studies have shown that the acoustic emission is linked with the release of stored strain energy as the rock mass undergoes small-scale adjustments such as the formation of cracks. Studies in actual mines have shown that acoustic noises often precede failure of rock masses in rock bursts or in coal bumps. Seismologists are, therefore, very interested in whether these results can be applied to large-scale failures; that is, earthquakes. An active research program in predicting rock bursts in mines is being conducted by Brian T. Brady and his colleagues at the U.S Bureau of Mines, Denver Colo.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Spall, H., 1979, Predicting rock bursts in mines: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 11, no. 3, p. 89-94.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"94","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318192,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c84acbe4b0b3c9ae381096","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spall, H.","contributorId":99290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spall","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70169258,"text":"70169258 - 1979 - The Parkfield prediction experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-05T15:51:08","indexId":"70169258","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Parkfield prediction experiment","docAbstract":"The San Andreas fault is part of the boundary between the Pacific and North American crustal plates. In California, movements of about 3 centimeters per year are currently taking place along the fault, although plat tectonic models suggest a faster rate of 5 cm/yr may be the average over a longer period of time and a broader area.
\nThere are two distinct ways in which movement on the San Andreas occurs. Along most of the fault, slip occurs during infrequent great earthquakes. Examples of these in historic time are the 1857 Fort Tejon and the 1906 San Francisco events. Along these portions of the fault, it appears that, during most of the intervening period between great earthquakes, no slip and few microearthquakes occurred. Strain appears to accumulate at shallow depths in a narrow (50 kilometer) zone adjacent to the fault.
\nAlong a 200-km stretch in central California, however, continuous slip occurs with no observable accumulation of strain. Although there is a high level of microseismicity here, earthquakes larger than magnitude (M) 6 are unknown, and most of the slip occurs aseismically. (Several articles in the Earthquake Information Bulletin in 1978 have covered this topic.)
\nAt the northern end of this creeping zone, the microseismicity and the slip gradually taper to zero over a distance of about 100 km. This segment is the site of frequent earthquakes (every 5-10 years) having magnitudes of 5.5 and less. At the southern end, near the town of Parkfield, the transition occurs in about 40km. This zone is the site of recurring earthquakes of about magnitude 6.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Lindh, A., Evans, P., Harsh, P., and Buhr, G., 1979, The Parkfield prediction experiment: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 11, no. 6, p. 209-213.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"213","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.39779663085936,\n 35.94966229235088\n ],\n [\n -120.51109313964844,\n 35.884043325566886\n ],\n [\n -120.29685974121094,\n 35.70916520463913\n ],\n [\n -120.19180297851561,\n 35.78384180056804\n ],\n [\n -120.39779663085936,\n 35.94966229235088\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be52e4b0f59b85e02f30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindh, A.","contributorId":41591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindh","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, P.","contributorId":167755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harsh, P.","contributorId":59175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harsh","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buhr, G.","contributorId":167756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buhr","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168595,"text":"70168595 - 1979 - Earthquake predictions using seismic velocity ratios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-22T15:20:02","indexId":"70168595","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake predictions using seismic velocity ratios","docAbstract":"Since the beginning of modern seismology, seismologists have contemplated predicting earthquakes. The usefulness of earthquake predictions to the reduction of human and economic losses and the value of long-range earthquake prediction to planning is obvious. Not as clear are the long-range economic and social impacts of earthquake prediction to a speicifc area. The general consensus of opinion among scientists and government officials, however, is that the quest of earthquake prediction is a worthwhile goal and should be prusued with a sense of urgency.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Sherburne, R.W., 1979, Earthquake predictions using seismic velocity ratios: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 11, no. 1, p. 18-21.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"18","endPage":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318213,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c99c45e4b059daa47c9aad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherburne, R. W.","contributorId":167096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sherburne","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70168572,"text":"70168572 - 1979 - Earthquake research in the Soviet Union","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-13T16:56:09","indexId":"70168572","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake research in the Soviet Union","docAbstract":"Henry Spall talked recently with Robert L. Wesson, the new Chief, Office of Earthquake Studies at the U.S Geological Survey National Center, Reston, Va. Wesson has spent altogether almost 1 year in the U.S.S.R, and 6 months of that time in the Garm area of Soviet Tadzhikistan in 1974.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Spall, H., 1979, Earthquake research in the Soviet Union: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 11, no. 1, p. 22-25.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"22","endPage":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318193,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Former USSR","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 34.453125,\n 69.77895177646761\n ],\n [\n 35.859375,\n 72.50172235139388\n ],\n [\n 28.125,\n 68.78414378041504\n ],\n [\n 30.937499999999996,\n 62.75472592723178\n ],\n [\n 27.0703125,\n 59.5343180010956\n ],\n [\n 28.125,\n 53.54030739150022\n ],\n [\n 37.6171875,\n 48.69096039092549\n ],\n [\n 54.140625,\n 42.8115217450979\n ],\n [\n 64.3359375,\n 42.293564192170095\n ],\n [\n 79.453125,\n 41.50857729743935\n ],\n [\n 80.85937499999999,\n 45.336701909968134\n ],\n [\n 87.890625,\n 48.22467264956519\n ],\n [\n 94.21875,\n 43.58039085560784\n ],\n [\n 110.0390625,\n 44.08758502824516\n ],\n [\n 116.71874999999999,\n 50.736455137010665\n ],\n [\n 132.1875,\n 50.064191736659104\n ],\n [\n 132.1875,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n 136.7578125,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n 142.3828125,\n 50.958426723359935\n ],\n [\n 140.625,\n 54.77534585936447\n ],\n [\n 144.84375,\n 58.63121664342478\n ],\n [\n 152.578125,\n 57.89149735271034\n ],\n [\n 155.7421875,\n 50.28933925329178\n ],\n [\n 185.625,\n 64.32087157990324\n ],\n [\n 182.4609375,\n 68.78414378041504\n ],\n [\n 163.4765625,\n 70.61261423801925\n ],\n [\n 138.1640625,\n 72.39570570653261\n ],\n [\n 116.3671875,\n 74.1160468394894\n ],\n [\n 109.3359375,\n 77.07878389624943\n ],\n [\n 91.40625,\n 76.01609366420995\n ],\n [\n 59.4140625,\n 70.72897946208789\n ],\n [\n 44.6484375,\n 68.00757101804004\n ],\n [\n 34.453125,\n 69.77895177646761\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c84ac7e4b0b3c9ae381046","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spall, H.","contributorId":99290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spall","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70169181,"text":"70169181 - 1979 - Earthquakes; May-June 1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-29T15:35:04","indexId":"70169181","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquakes; May-June 1979","docAbstract":"The months of May and June were somewhat quiet, seismically speaking. There was one major earthquake in the South Pacific on MAy 1. The most destructive earthquake, causing loss of life, was in Indonesia on May 30.
\nIn the United States, the largest earthquakes were in Alaska but caused no damage. Some minor damage was reported from earthquakes in California.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Person, W., 1979, Earthquakes; May-June 1979: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 11, no. 6, p. 236-238.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"236","endPage":"238","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319315,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be3fe4b0f59b85e02e6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Person, W. J.","contributorId":91472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70168573,"text":"70168573 - 1979 - Earthquake prediction research at the Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-22T13:01:28","indexId":"70168573","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake prediction research at the Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology","docAbstract":"The Seismological Laboratory at the California Institute of Techonology (Caltech) was founded in 1928 as a result of a study by the Carnegie Institue of Washington. The study was based primarily on a 1916 report by H. O. Wood which recommended that a network of seismic stations be established in southern California. In 1929, the Carnegie Advisory Committee sponsored a conference at Caltech involving world authorities in seismology (fig. 1). Shortly thereafter, Beno Gutenberg was appointed to work at the Seismological Laboratory, although it was not until 1947 that he was formally names as director. He was succeeded in 1957 by Frank Press (now the President's Science Advisor) and in 1967 by Don Anderson.
\nMuch of the present research at the laboratory involves disciplines that did not exist 20 years ago. They included studies of the free oscillations of the Earth after a great earthquake, studies of the properties of rocks and minerals at high temperatures and pressures, construction of synthetic seismograms, and planetary seismology.
\nNevertheless, basic earthquake-related information has always been of consuming interest to the public and the media in this part of California (fig. 2.). So it is not surprising that earthquake prediction continues to be a significant reserach program at the laboratory. Several of the current spectrum of projects related to prediction are discussed below.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Spall, H., 1979, Earthquake prediction research at the Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 11, no. 3, p. 95-101.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"101","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318194,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c84ac6e4b0b3c9ae38103e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spall, H.","contributorId":99290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spall","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1384,"text":"wsp2062 - 1979 - Geohydrologic impacts of coal development in the Narragansett Basin, Massachusetts and Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-23T19:49:30.946229","indexId":"wsp2062","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2062","title":"Geohydrologic impacts of coal development in the Narragansett Basin, Massachusetts and Rhode Island","docAbstract":"The hydrologic impacts of possible coal mining in the 900-square-mile Carboniferous Narragansett Basin in southeastern New England are described. Geophysical tests and hydrologic observations were made in thirteen 3-inch-diameter test holes which were 330 to 1,500 feet deep. Fractures and lithology, including graphite and coal, were identified and located from interpretation of geophysical logs. Ground-water levels measured in 1976-77 were less than 15 feet below land surface at all test sites. Specific capacities of the test holes to yield water ranged from 0.01 to 5.7 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown after short (2-5-hour) pumping periods. In a test hole in Halifax, Massachusetts, water levels showing drawdown caused by pumping nearby domestic-supply wells indicate that mine dewatering would reduce yields of private wells tapping bedrock. In test holes near Narragansett Bay, ground water was brackish, and water levels fluctuated with about one-fifth the magnitude of the tide in the bay. These conditions suggest that there is potential for a high rate of mine seepage from the bay. As a result of mining, the iron disulfide minerals, pyrite and marcasite, react with air and water to produce acid water containing iron. However, acid mine water is not expected to be as serious a problem in the Narragansett Basin as it is in the Appalachian coal fields. No marcasite and only small amounts of coarsely crystalline pyrite have been observed in the metamorphosed sediments of the basin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2062","usgsCitation":"Frimpter, M.H., and Maevsky, A., 1979, Geohydrologic impacts of coal development in the Narragansett Basin, Massachusetts and Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2062, iv, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2062.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414653,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25561.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":26487,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2062/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137383,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2062/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts, Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.667,\n 42.2\n ],\n [\n -71.5,\n 42.2\n ],\n [\n -71.5,\n 41.5\n ],\n [\n -70.667,\n 41.5\n ],\n [\n -70.667,\n 42.2\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db68870f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frimpter, Michael H.","contributorId":8074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frimpter","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maevsky, Anthony","contributorId":13206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maevsky","given":"Anthony","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7678,"text":"ofr79859 - 1979 - Chemical analyses of coal from the Knobloch and Flowers-Goodale beds, Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation, Otter Creek EMRIA study site, Powder River County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-07T14:48:42.63396","indexId":"ofr79859","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-859","title":"Chemical analyses of coal from the Knobloch and Flowers-Goodale beds, Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation, Otter Creek EMRIA study site, Powder River County, Montana","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79859","usgsCitation":"Affolter, R.H., Hatch, J.R., and McKay, E.J., 1979, Chemical analyses of coal from the Knobloch and Flowers-Goodale beds, Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation, Otter Creek EMRIA study site, Powder River County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-859, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79859.","productDescription":"43 p.","numberOfPages":"44","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403146,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0859/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141337,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0859/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Powder River County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.57699584960938,\n 45.18106885549976\n ],\n [\n -105.34103393554688,\n 45.18106885549976\n ],\n [\n -105.34103393554688,\n 46.00554713642256\n ],\n [\n -106.57699584960938,\n 46.00554713642256\n ],\n [\n -106.57699584960938,\n 45.18106885549976\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4ad1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Affolter, Ronald H. affolter@usgs.gov","contributorId":659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Affolter","given":"Ronald","email":"affolter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":156421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatch, Joseph R. 0000-0001-9257-0278 jrhatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-0278","contributorId":722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Joseph","email":"jrhatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":156422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKay, Edward J.","contributorId":77132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKay","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":7674,"text":"ofr791098 - 1979 - Chemical analyses of coal and coal-associated rock samples from the Rosebud and McKay coal beds, Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation, Colstrip coal deposit, Rosebud County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-14T15:03:07.545845","indexId":"ofr791098","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1098","title":"Chemical analyses of coal and coal-associated rock samples from the Rosebud and McKay coal beds, Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation, Colstrip coal deposit, Rosebud County, Montana","docAbstract":"As part of a continuing program by the U.S. Geological Survey to collect and chemically analyze representative samples of U.S. coals, 61 coal and coal-associated rock samples were collected from the Rosebud and McKay beds in the Paleocene Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation in Rosebud County, Montana. This area is located in the Montana part of the Powder River region, specifically within the Coistrip coal deposit as defined by Matson and Blumer, 1974. Forty of the samples (36 coal and 4 coal-associated rock) are from the Rosebud bed and 21 samples (all coal) are from the McKay bed. The McKay bed is between 5.5 and 18.6 m. below the Rosebud bed. The samples were collected from the Big Sky Mine and from 13 core holes in sec. 1, 2, and 27, T. 1 N., R. 41 E.; sec. 23 and 35, T. 2 N., R. 41 E.; and in sec. 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, and 16, T. 1 N., R. 40 E. The location of the sample collection area is shown in figure 1. Brief descriptions of all 61 samples are listed in table 1 and locations of sampling sites are shown in figure 2.
Estimated strippable coal resources for the Rosebud bed in this area exceed 1,305 metric tons (1,439 million short tons) (Matson and Blumer, 1974). There are currently no estimates of coal resources for the McKay bed from this area.
Analyses of samples D172034 through D172051 have previously been published in Swanson and others (1976) and are included here in order to provide a more complete data listing. For additional information on sulfur and trace element contents in the Rosebud and McKay coal beds, see Chadwick, Woodriff and others (1975) and Chadwick, Rice and others (1975).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr791098","usgsCitation":"Affolter, R.H., and Hatch, J.R., 1979, Chemical analyses of coal and coal-associated rock samples from the Rosebud and McKay coal beds, Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation, Colstrip coal deposit, Rosebud County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1098, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791098.","productDescription":"44 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403749,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1098/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1098/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Rosebud County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.7,\n 45.8\n ],\n [\n -106.5,\n 45.8\n ],\n [\n -106.5,\n 45.9\n ],\n [\n -106.7,\n 45.9\n ],\n [\n -106.7,\n 45.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4b19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Affolter, Ronald H. affolter@usgs.gov","contributorId":659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Affolter","given":"Ronald","email":"affolter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":165,"text":"Central Energy Resources Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":156411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatch, Joseph R. 0000-0001-9257-0278 jrhatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-0278","contributorId":722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Joseph","email":"jrhatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":156412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":6276,"text":"pp1047 - 1979 - Physical stratigraphy and trilobite biostratigraphy of the Carrara Formation (Lower and Middle Cambrian) in the southern Great Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-01T20:59:02.094648","indexId":"pp1047","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1047","title":"Physical stratigraphy and trilobite biostratigraphy of the Carrara Formation (Lower and Middle Cambrian) in the southern Great Basin","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1047","usgsCitation":"Palmer, A.R., and Halley, R., 1979, Physical stratigraphy and trilobite biostratigraphy of the Carrara Formation (Lower and Middle Cambrian) in the southern Great Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1047, Report: v, 131 p.; 2 Plates: 28.00 x 23.00 inches and 17.00 x 12.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1047.","productDescription":"Report: v, 131 p.; 2 Plates: 28.00 x 23.00 inches and 17.00 x 12.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420425,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92999.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":33535,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1047/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33534,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1047/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":33533,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1047/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126405,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1047/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah","otherGeospatial":"southern Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.5025,\n 38.0631\n ],\n [\n -118.5025,\n 35.6303\n ],\n [\n -113.7392,\n 35.6303\n ],\n [\n -113.7392,\n 38.0631\n ],\n [\n -118.5025,\n 38.0631\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685aea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmer, Allison R.","contributorId":24343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmer","given":"Allison","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halley, Robert B.","contributorId":45692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halley","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":152433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9684,"text":"ofr79433 - 1979 - Derivation of linearized constitutive equations for plane-strain of an elastic-plastic (strain hardening) material","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-21T15:14:29.777724","indexId":"ofr79433","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-433","title":"Derivation of linearized constitutive equations for plane-strain of an elastic-plastic (strain hardening) material","docAbstract":"The purpose of this report is to derive several of the basic equations for a paper on folding and folding of idealized rock (Johnson, 1979). That paper is based on constitutive equations for an ideal, strain-hardening material defined by Hill (1950, p. 30) and generalized to include Coulomb behavior and dilatancy by Rudnicki and Rice (1975). The most attractive feature of the theory is that folding and faulting, which are intimately related in nature, are different responses of the same material to different boundary conditions. In the paper by Johnson (1979) it is shown that single layers of sedimentary rocks are unlikely to fold, rather they will fault, because of low contrasts in elasticity and strength properties of sedimentary rocks such as layers of dolomite, limestone, sandstone, or siltstone in media of shale. Further, multi-layers of these same rocks will fault rather than fold if contacts are bonded, but they will fold readily if contacts between layers are frictionless, or have low yield strengths, for example due to high pore-water pressure. These conclusions are based on solutions of the equations presented in the following pages, using experimental stress-strain curves for various rock types.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79433","usgsCitation":"Johnson, A.M., 1979, Derivation of linearized constitutive equations for plane-strain of an elastic-plastic (strain hardening) material: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-433, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79433.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0433/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":404224,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0433/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab1e4b07f02db66ded9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Arvid M.","contributorId":99547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Arvid","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10519,"text":"ofr791638 - 1979 - Data on ground-water resources of the Spring Mountains area, Toiyabe National Forest, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T19:27:49.956626","indexId":"ofr791638","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1638","title":"Data on ground-water resources of the Spring Mountains area, Toiyabe National Forest, Nevada","docAbstract":"This report lists data on ground-water levels for 16 wells and discharge for 18 springs in the Spring Mountain area of the Tolyabe National Forest. Water levels in wells ranged from 325 to 519 feet below land surface. The highest spring discharge listed is 107 gallons per minute. In addition, data on the chemical quality of the water from selected wells and springs are listed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr791638","usgsCitation":"Nichols, W., and Davis, L.E., 1979, Data on ground-water resources of the Spring Mountains area, Toiyabe National Forest, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1638, Report: iv, 19 p.; 1 Plate: 1.55 x 18.34 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791638.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 19 p.; 1 Plate: 1.55 x 18.34 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414567,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_11203.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":38368,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1638/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38367,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1638/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144246,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1638/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Spring Mountains area, Toiyabe National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.74,\n 36.375\n ],\n [\n -115.74,\n 36.206\n ],\n [\n -115.526,\n 36.206\n ],\n [\n -115.526,\n 36.375\n ],\n [\n -115.74,\n 36.375\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db69701a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, William D.","contributorId":98296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"William D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Louise E.","contributorId":79478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Louise","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9015,"text":"ofr79746 - 1979 - Drainage areas of the Twelvepole Creek basin, West Virginia; Big Sandy River basin, West Virginia; Tug Fork basin, Virginia, Kentucky, West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-14T22:02:25.668162","indexId":"ofr79746","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-746","title":"Drainage areas of the Twelvepole Creek basin, West Virginia; Big Sandy River basin, West Virginia; Tug Fork basin, Virginia, Kentucky, West Virginia","docAbstract":"This report lists in tabular form: 61 drainage areas in the Twelvepole Creek basin, of West Virginia, 11 drainage areas of the Big Sandy River basin within West Virginia, and 210 drainage areas in the Tug Fork basin of Virginia, Kentucky, and West Virginia. Drainage areas were compiled in a downstream direction, at the mouth of all streams having drainage areas of approximately 5 square miles and for sites at U. S. Geological Survey gaging stations. The site or measuring point for each basin can be located by stream mile measured upstream from the mouth, by county, by quadrangle, or by latitude and longitude.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79746","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Huntington District; West Virginia Geologic and Economic Survey; and the West Virginia Department of Natural Resources, Water Resources Division","usgsCitation":"Wilson, M., 1979, Drainage areas of the Twelvepole Creek basin, West Virginia; Big Sandy River basin, West Virginia; Tug Fork basin, Virginia, Kentucky, West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-746, Report: ii, 50 p.; 1 Figure; 3 Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79746.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 50 p.; 1 Figure; 3 Tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":466316,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0746/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":140726,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0746/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Virginia, West Virginia","tableOfContents":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79829","usgsCitation":"Grauch, R.I., and Whelan, J.F., 1979, [Delta]34S values of selected sulfides from the Camp Smith uranium prospect and Phillips Mine massive sulfide deposit and their bearing on the genesis of the deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-829, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79829.","productDescription":"18 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416587,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75022.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":36826,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0829/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142883,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0829/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","otherGeospatial":"Camp Smith uranium prospect, Phillips mine massive sulfide deposit","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.9719,\n 41.3389\n ],\n [\n -71.9719,\n 41.3197\n ],\n [\n -71.9439,\n 41.3197\n ],\n [\n -71.9439,\n 41.3389\n ],\n [\n -71.9719,\n 41.3389\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4794e4b07f02db48d024","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, Richard I. 0000-0002-1763-0813 rgrauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-0813","contributorId":1193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"Richard","email":"rgrauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":159299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whelan, Joseph F.","contributorId":29792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whelan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":8944,"text":"ofr79693 - 1979 - Approximate water-level changes in wells in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, 1977-79, and measured compaction, 1973-79, in Harris and Galveston Counties, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-14T13:57:32.834033","indexId":"ofr79693","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-693","title":"Approximate water-level changes in wells in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, 1977-79, and measured compaction, 1973-79, in Harris and Galveston Counties, Texas","docAbstract":"This report consists of: (1) Four maps that present data on water-level changes during 1977-79 in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers and; (2) one set of graphs that present data on the compaction of subsurface materials for 1973-79. During 1977-79, groundwater pumping decreased in Galveston County and southern Harris County, Tex., and increased in northern and western Harris County. (Woodard-USGS)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79693","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the cities of Houston and Galveston, the Harris-Galveston Coastal Subsidence District, and the Texas Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Gabrysch, R., 1979, Approximate water-level changes in wells in the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers, 1977-79, and measured compaction, 1973-79, in Harris and Galveston Counties, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-693, 5 Plates: 13.81 x 9.60 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79693.","productDescription":"5 Plates: 13.81 x 9.60 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406668,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_30260.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":406622,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0693/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":406621,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0693/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":406617,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0693/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":406618,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0693/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141120,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0693/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":406620,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0693/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Galveston County, Harris County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -94.75,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -94.75,\n 30.25\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 30.25\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 29\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db67a139","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gabrysch, R.K.","contributorId":105691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gabrysch","given":"R.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10807,"text":"ofr79685 - 1979 - Digital model of the Bayou Bartholomew alluvial aquifer stream system, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-14T21:31:03.336779","indexId":"ofr79685","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-685","title":"Digital model of the Bayou Bartholomew alluvial aquifer stream system, Arkansas","docAbstract":"A digital model of the Bayou Bartholomew aquifer-stream system in Arkansas was calibrated for the purpose of predicting hydrologic responses to stresses of water development. The simulated-time span for model calibration was from 1953 to 1970, during which time the system was stressed largely by ground- and surface-water diversions for rice irrigation.
The model was calibrated by comparing groundwater-level and streamflow data with model-derived groundwater levels and streamflow. In the calibrated model, the ratio of model-derived to observed streamflows for 17 subbasins averaged 1.1; the ratios among the subbasins ranged from 0.8 to 1.6. The average deviation of the differences between model-derived and observed groundwater levels at 47 nodes was 0.2; the average among the nodes ranged from -2.3 to 10.4. The average standard deviation of the differences between the model-derived and observed groundwater levels was 3.5; the average among the nodes ranged from 0.4 to 10.5.
The model will provide projections of changes in the potentiometric surface resulting from (1) changes in the rate or distribution of groundwater pumpage or (2) changes in the stage of streams and reservoirs. The model will provide only approximate projections of the streamflow.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79685","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Arkansas Geological Commission","usgsCitation":"Reed, J., and Broom, M.E., 1979, Digital model of the Bayou Bartholomew alluvial aquifer stream system, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-685, vi, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79685.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":466314,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0685/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143869,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0685/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Bayou Bartholomew alluvial aquifer stream system","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.2204577284588,\n 34.387761168083614\n ],\n [\n -92.2204577284588,\n 33.00814806284808\n ],\n [\n -90.96476672569646,\n 33.00814806284808\n ],\n [\n -90.96476672569646,\n 34.387761168083614\n ],\n [\n -92.2204577284588,\n 34.387761168083614\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","tableOfContents":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr79250","usgsCitation":"Wright, J.C., and Dickey, D.D., 1979, Stratigraphic sections of Jurassic San Rafael Group and adjacent rocks in Delta, Mesa, and Montrose Counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-250, i, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79250.","productDescription":"i, 29 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144747,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0250/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":419718,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0250/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Delta County, Mesa County, Montrose County","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae873","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, James Clifton","contributorId":95878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"Clifton","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dickey, Dayton Delbert","contributorId":8472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickey","given":"Dayton","email":"","middleInitial":"Delbert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":39634,"text":"pp1093 - 1979 - Reconnaissance study of Upper Cretaceous to Miocene stratigraphic units and sedimentary facies, Kodiak and adjacent islands, Alaska, with a section on sedimentary petrography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-12T20:28:16.515686","indexId":"pp1093","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1093","title":"Reconnaissance study of Upper Cretaceous to Miocene stratigraphic units and sedimentary facies, Kodiak and adjacent islands, Alaska, with a section on sedimentary petrography","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp1093","usgsCitation":"Nilsen, T.H., Moore, G.W., and Winkler, G., 1979, Reconnaissance study of Upper Cretaceous to Miocene stratigraphic units and sedimentary facies, Kodiak and adjacent islands, Alaska, with a section on sedimentary petrography: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1093, iii, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1093.","productDescription":"iii, 34 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":423453,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_92998.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":67294,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1093/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119380,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1093/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kodiak and adjacent islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.28399817357698,\n 59.09188784586141\n ],\n [\n -156.21502324975097,\n 56.928847174988135\n ],\n [\n -157.4912996207561,\n 55.944402141102984\n ],\n [\n -154.65842888802027,\n 55.228220221718345\n ],\n [\n -150.73142570390337,\n 57.773066039035626\n ],\n [\n -151.03162130058027,\n 58.89851922131746\n ],\n [\n -152.28399817357698,\n 59.09188784586141\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db63676e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nilsen, Tor Helge","contributorId":89864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilsen","given":"Tor","email":"","middleInitial":"Helge","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, George William","contributorId":89123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winkler, Gary R.","contributorId":75513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winkler","given":"Gary R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":37360,"text":"ssrw216 - 1979 - Environmental pollutants and eggshell thickness: Anhingas and wading birds in the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-19T13:40:37","indexId":"ssrw216","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"216","title":"Environmental pollutants and eggshell thickness: Anhingas and wading birds in the eastern United States","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Ohlendorf, H.M., Klaas, E.E., and Kaiser, T.E., 1979, Environmental pollutants and eggshell thickness: Anhingas and wading birds in the eastern United States: Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 216, 94 p.","productDescription":"94 p.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":167106,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.470703125,\n 25.24469595130604\n ],\n [\n -70.4443359375,\n 25.24469595130604\n ],\n [\n -70.4443359375,\n 49.1242192485914\n ],\n [\n -97.470703125,\n 49.1242192485914\n ],\n [\n -97.470703125,\n 25.24469595130604\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db60226b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ohlendorf, Harry M.","contributorId":60291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlendorf","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":217928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klaas, Erwin E.","contributorId":101219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaas","given":"Erwin","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":217930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaiser, T. Earl","contributorId":84826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaiser","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"Earl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":217929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70140088,"text":"70140088 - 1979 - Coccolith and silicoflagellate stratigraphy, northern mid-Atlantic Ridge and Reykjanes Ridge, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 49","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-03T11:34:26","indexId":"70140088","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1997,"text":"Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coccolith and silicoflagellate stratigraphy, northern mid-Atlantic Ridge and Reykjanes Ridge, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 49","docAbstract":"Leg 49 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project recovered 192 cores at eight drilling sites, 407 through 414 (Figure 1). Light-microscope techniques were used to study the cocoliths, silicoflagellates, and sponge spicules of 120 samples from these cores. The cocolith zonation of the samples follows Bukry (1975a), and is summarized in Figure 2. Silicoflagellate zonation, summarized in Figure 3, is explained in the text. Siliceous sponge spicules are common in many samples and are briefly discussed and illustrated. One new silicoflagellate, Distephanus sulcatus, from the Plicene of Site 407, is described.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Science Foundation","doi":"10.2973/dsdp.proc.49.118.1979","usgsCitation":"Bukry, D., 1979, Coccolith and silicoflagellate stratigraphy, northern mid-Atlantic Ridge and Reykjanes Ridge, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 49: Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, v. 49, p. 551-581, https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.49.118.1979.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"551","endPage":"581","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488332,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.49.118.1979","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297715,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.deepseadrilling.org/49/dsdp_toc.htm"}],"otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -62.22656249999999,\n 15.368949896534705\n ],\n [\n -62.22656249999999,\n 67.23806155909902\n ],\n [\n 4.306640625,\n 67.23806155909902\n ],\n [\n 4.306640625,\n 15.368949896534705\n ],\n [\n -62.22656249999999,\n 15.368949896534705\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b5ee4b08de9379b3349","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bukry, David 0000-0003-4540-890X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-890X","contributorId":30980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70190671,"text":"70190671 - 1979 - The Yellow Dog peridotite and a possible buried igneous complex of lower Keweenawan age in the northern peninsula of Michigan","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9104,"text":"ofr7793 - 1977 - The Yellow Dog peridotite and a possible buried igneous complex of Lower Keweenawan Age in the northern peninsula of Michigan","indexId":"ofr7793","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"title":"The Yellow Dog peridotite and a possible buried igneous complex of Lower Keweenawan Age in the northern peninsula of Michigan"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70190671,"text":"70190671 - 1979 - The Yellow Dog peridotite and a possible buried igneous complex of lower Keweenawan age in the northern peninsula of Michigan","indexId":"70190671","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"The Yellow Dog peridotite and a possible buried igneous complex of lower Keweenawan age in the northern peninsula of Michigan"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-19T11:06:20","indexId":"70190671","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":282,"text":"Michigan Geological Survey Report of Investigation","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"24","title":"The Yellow Dog peridotite and a possible buried igneous complex of lower Keweenawan age in the northern peninsula of Michigan","docAbstract":"Partly serpentinized peridotite of early Keweenawan age crops out in two places along a 20-kilometer-long zone of positive aeromagnetic anomalies in northern Marquette County, Michigan. Most of the area is mantled by Pleistocene drift with few bedrock exposures.
Petrographic and electron microprobe studies show that the peridotite was originally a plagioclase lherzolite containing 40 to 50 percent olivine (Fo80) and approximately 10 to 15 percent each of enstatite (En78Wo04Fs18) and diopsidic augite (En47Wo42Fs11). The plagioclase varies from 5 to 10 percent, and according to Morris (1977) is labradorite with a composition of An57-65. Major oxide minerals (4 to 6 percent) are ilmenite and magnetite. Sulfides comprise 1 to 2 percent of the peridotite and are chiefly pyrrhotite, pentlandite, and chalcopyrite.
Ground magnetic, gravity, and very low frequency electro-magnetic (VLF-EM) surveys have refined the location and magnitude of anomalies previously known only from aeromagnetic studies. These surveys together with soil geochemical studies suggest that peridotite, and possibly other mafic rocks forming a differentiated igneous complex, may occur throughout a belt 20 kilometers long (east-west) and 1 to 2 kilometers wide (north-south).
Differentiated igneous complexes in many parts of the world are hosts for copper, nickel, chromium, or precious-metal deposits. The peridotite in the area of this study is anomalously rich in copper and sulfur compared to world-wide averages for peridotite. Positive electro-magnetic anomalies found near the peridotite outcrops may be caused by sulfide-rich zones in the igneous rocks and should be explored further for copper-nickel mineralization.
","language":"English","publisher":"State of Michigan Department of Natural Resources","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","usgsCitation":"Klasner, J.S., Snider, D.W., Cannon, W., and Slack, J.F., 1979, The Yellow Dog peridotite and a possible buried igneous complex of lower Keweenawan age in the northern peninsula of Michigan: Michigan Geological Survey Report of Investigation 24, v, 31 p.","productDescription":"v, 31 p.","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345637,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":345636,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.michigan.gov/documents/deq/RI_24opt_309211_7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59b8f222e4b08b1644e0af0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klasner, John S.","contributorId":46591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klasner","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snider, David W.","contributorId":196332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snider","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cannon, W.F. 0000-0002-2699-8118","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2699-8118","contributorId":70382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"W.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":710090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":710091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185410,"text":"70185410 - 1979 - Nesting ecology of Arctic loons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T11:03:19","indexId":"70185410","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nesting ecology of Arctic loons","docAbstract":"Arctic Loons were studied on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, from the time of their arrival in May to their departure in September, in 1974 and 1975. Pairs arrived on breeding ponds as soon as sufficient meltwater was available to allow their take-off and landing. Loons apparently do not initiate nests immediately after their arrival, even when nest-sites are available. Delayed egg-laying may be dependent on a period of yolk formation. Delaying yolk formation until after arrival on nest ponds is an adaptation by loons to the variable time suitable habitat becomes available for nesting. Predation of eggs by Glaucous Gulls, Long-tailed and Parasitic jaegers and foxes varied in relation to the location of the nest-site, and the availability of alternate prey. Hatching success was the lowest recorded for Arctic Loons (5%) in 1974, when eggs of both loons and Cackling Geese were taken in large numbers by predators. Hatching success increased to 32% in 1975 when an abundance of tundra voles was observed. No loon eggs hatched after the hatching of the Cackling Goose eggs when this alternate prey was no longer available. Nests destroyed by foxes were predominantly along shorelines, and those by gulls and jaegers were predominantly on islands. Nest-site selection by Arctic Loons may reflect an adaptive response to varying selective pressures by their predators.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.R., 1979, Nesting ecology of Arctic loons: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 91, no. 4, p. 608-617.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"608","endPage":"617","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337984,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wjoonline.org/?code=wors-site","text":"Journal's Homepage"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Clarence Rhode National Wildlife Range, Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","volume":"91","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b9be4b0236b68f829b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185412,"text":"70185412 - 1979 - Pomarine jaeger preys on adult black-legged kittiwake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-23T11:09:46","indexId":"70185412","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pomarine jaeger preys on adult black-legged kittiwake","docAbstract":"On 5 June 1977, while on a cruise in the decomposing pack ice in the Bering Sea, we observed a light phase Pomarine Jaeger (Stercorarius pomarinus) attack, kill and feed on an adult Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), 1 of approximately 10 individuals within 20 m of the ship's stern. We did not observe the birds until 1 min after the initial attack and do not know if the kittiwake was sitting or flying. No food was visible in the kittiwake's bill at the start of our observations nor was it observed regurgitating its stomach contents after the attack. During the first 5 min the kittiwake managed to become airborne a number of times but the jaeger maintained its hold and forced it back to the water. After 5 min the jaeger began to submerge the kittiwake's head, still holding it by the neck. Because of the kittiwake's struggling, the jaeger was unable to hold it under for more than 5 sec at a time. For the next 15 min it continued to submerge the victim's head, lift it out of the water, and then submerge it again. When it held the kittiwake under water, it kept both feet on its lower neck; this may have helped keep the head submerged. In the last 5 min of this activity, when the kittiwake offered little resistance, the jaeger occasionally used only its feet to push it under water. Other kittiwakes remained in the area, a few swimming within 2 m of the 2 birds. No attempt was made to mob the jaeger.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Divoky, G.J., Oakley, K.L., and Huber, H., 1979, Pomarine jaeger preys on adult black-legged kittiwake: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 91, no. 2, p. 329-329.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"329","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338009,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337987,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wjoonline.org/?code=wors-site","text":"Journal's Homepage"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b9be4b0236b68f829b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Divoky, George J.","contributorId":100912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Divoky","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":685505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oakley, Karen L. koakley@usgs.gov","contributorId":747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oakley","given":"Karen","email":"koakley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huber, H.R.","contributorId":63341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huber","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}