{"pageNumber":"5175","pageRowStart":"129350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165485,"records":[{"id":5222523,"text":"5222523 - 1978 - [Book review] De Dansk Ynglefugles Udbredelse, Tommy Dybbro, coordinator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:34","indexId":"5222523","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2687,"text":"Maryland Birdlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book review] De Dansk Ynglefugles Udbredelse, Tommy Dybbro, coordinator","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Maryland Birdlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1978, [Book review] De Dansk Ynglefugles Udbredelse, Tommy Dybbro, coordinator: Maryland Birdlife, v. 34, no. 1.","productDescription":"64","startPage":"64","numberOfPages":"64","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201512,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47a3e4b07f02db4961ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221037,"text":"5221037 - 1978 - Distribution and abundance patterns of the palila on Mauna Kea,  Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T13:41:05","indexId":"5221037","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:56","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and abundance patterns of the palila on Mauna Kea,  Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p><span>Censuses of the known geographical range of the rare and endangered Palila were conducted in January (nonbreeding season) and September (breeding season) 1975. The habitat (mamane and naio forest of Mauna Kea, Hawaii) was divided into five major areas, with each analyzed for vegetational composition, phenology of the predominant tree species, and Palila density. Using a line transect census technique, we determined that: 1) the Palila occupied 5,560 ha, approximately 10% of its former range; 2) Palila populations were more restricted in the nonbreeding season, possibly reflecting their flocking tendency; 3) Palila densities were 38 birds per km2 in the breeding season and 36 birds per km2 in the nonbreeding season; 4) Palila population movements were small, and apparently were correlated with patterns of food availability; and 5) all methods of analysis yielded a projected population of approximately 1,600 birds. These low numbers, coupled with its restricted range, make the Palila one of the most vulnerable endangered species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"van Riper, C., Scott, J.M., and Woodside, D., 1978, Distribution and abundance patterns of the palila on Mauna Kea,  Hawaii: The Auk, v. 95, no. 3, p. 518-527.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"518","endPage":"527","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197170,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17608,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4085154"}],"volume":"95","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649f80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":332908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, J. Michael","contributorId":98877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Woodside, D.M.","contributorId":78840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodside","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5221416,"text":"5221416 - 1978 - Uptake and retention of dietary cadmium in mallard ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-12T18:52:31.920549","indexId":"5221416","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:56","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1561,"text":"Environmental Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uptake and retention of dietary cadmium in mallard ducks","docAbstract":"Adult mallard ducks fed 0, 2, 20, or 200 ppm of cadmium chloride in the diet were sacrificed at 30-day intervals and tissues were analyzed for cadmium. No birds died during the study and body weights did not change. The liver and kidney accumulated the highest levels of cadmium. Tissue residues were significantly correlated in all treatment groups and residues increased with treatment level. Hematocrits and hemoglobin concentrations were normal in all groups throughout the study. Little cadmium accumulated in eggs of laying hens, but egg production was suppressed in the group fed 200 ppm.","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0013-9351(78)90060-9","usgsCitation":"White, D.H., and Finley, M.T., 1978, Uptake and retention of dietary cadmium in mallard ducks: Environmental Research, v. 17, no. 1, p. 53-59, https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-9351(78)90060-9.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606485","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Donald H.","contributorId":97868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finley, M. T.","contributorId":40297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223168,"text":"5223168 - 1978 - Differential use of fresh water environments by wintering waterfowl of coastal Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:08","indexId":"5223168","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:56","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differential use of fresh water environments by wintering waterfowl of coastal Texas","docAbstract":"A comparative study of the environmental relationships among 14 species of wintering waterfowl was conducted at the Welder Wildlife Foundation, San Patricia County, near Sinton, Texas during the fall and early winter of 1973. Measurements of 20 environmental factors (social, vegetational, physical, and chemical) were subjected to multivariate statistical methods to determine certain niche characteristics and environmental relationships of waterfowl wintering in the aquatic community.....Each waterfowl species occupied a unique realized niche by responding to distinct combinations of environmental factors identified by principal component analysis. One percent confidence ellipses circumscribing the mean scores plotted for the first and second principal components gave an indication of relative niche width for each species. The waterfowl environments were significantly different interspecifically and water depth at feeding site and % emergent vegetation were most important in the separation. This was shown by subjecting the transformed data to multivariate analysis of variance with an associated step-down procedure. The species were distributed along a community cline extending from shallow water with abundant emergent vegetation to open deep water with little emergent vegetation of any kind. Four waterfowl subgroups were significantly separated along the cline, as indicated by one-way analysis of variance with Duncan?s multiple range test. Clumping of the bird species toward the middle of the available habitat hyperspace was shown in a plot of the principal component scores for the random samples and individual species.....Naturally occurring relationships among waterfowl were clarified using principal comcomponent analysis and related multivariate procedures. These techniques may prove useful in wetland management for particular groups of waterfowl based on habitat preferences.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"White, D.H., and James, D., 1978, Differential use of fresh water environments by wintering waterfowl of coastal Texas: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 90, no. 1, p. 99-111.","productDescription":"99-111","startPage":"99","endPage":"111","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17610,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Wilson/v090n01/p0099-p0111.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"90","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d717","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Donald H.","contributorId":97868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"James, D.","contributorId":36247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5221020,"text":"5221020 - 1978 - Turkey vulture eggshell thinning in California, Florida, and Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-13T07:40:17","indexId":"5221020","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:56","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Turkey vulture eggshell thinning in California, Florida, and Texas","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Wilbur, S., 1978, Turkey vulture eggshell thinning in California, Florida, and Texas: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 90, no. 4, p. 642-643.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"642","endPage":"643","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research 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,{"id":5221436,"text":"5221436 - 1978 - Influence of laying on lead accumulation in bone of mallard ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-16T15:34:50","indexId":"5221436","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2480,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of laying on lead accumulation in bone of mallard ducks","docAbstract":"Paired mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) were given No. 4 lead shot, and bone lead concentrations were compared in drakes and in laying and nonlaying hens. Lead accumulation was significantly greater in bones with a high medullary content (femur and sternum) compared with bones with a lower medullary content (ulna-radius or wingbones). In dosed groups, hens always contained higher bone lead residues than drakes. After dosage with one shot (approximately 200 mg lead), lead in femurs of laying hens averaged 488.4 ppm compared with 113.6 ppm in nonlaying hens. Femurs of drakes averaged 9.4 ppm lead. Dosage with the second lead shot did not result in further accumulation of bone lead in hens, but increased bone lead concentrations threefold in drakes, suggesting that saturation levels for bone lead had already been reached in the hens after ingestion of one shot. There was no demonstrable relationship between egg production and bone lead residues. The high lead residues, found in medullary bones of laying hens indicate that sex and physiological condition are major factors influencing lead absorption by bone.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/15287397809529649","usgsCitation":"Finley, M.T., and Dieter, M.P., 1978, Influence of laying on lead accumulation in bone of mallard ducks: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, v. 4, no. 1, p. 123-129, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287397809529649.","productDescription":"123-129","startPage":"123","endPage":"129","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269463,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287397809529649"},{"id":198484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee6fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finley, M. T.","contributorId":40297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dieter, M. P.","contributorId":89626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dieter","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5222222,"text":"5222222 - 1978 - Rehabilitation of birds oiled on two mid-Atlantic estuaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-12T12:13:40","indexId":"5222222","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3139,"text":"Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rehabilitation of birds oiled on two mid-Atlantic estuaries","docAbstract":"<p>An estimated 52,500 birds died as a result of 7 major oil spills on 2 mid-Atlantic estuaries between 1973-78. Ruddy ducks (<i>Oxyura jamaicensis</i>) constituted 98% of 12,500 birds known to have died from 5 spills on the Delaware River. Seventy-six percent of 40,000 dead birds from 2 Chesapeake Bay spills were horned grebes (<i>Podiceps</i> <i>auritus</i>) and oldsquaw (<i>Clangula</i> <i>hyemalis</i>). Oiled waterfowl that were captured alive (6% of the estimated mortality) were cleaned with a variety of cleaning agents and techniques. High mortality occurred during and shortly after cleaning, and was apparently due to hypothermia and to toxicity of solvent cleaning agents. Eighty-two percent of the 3,113 birds that were cleaned died prior to or at time of release. The fate of the remaining 18% is unknown. Petroleum solvents used as cleaning agents were toxic to the birds. Most detergents left a surfactant (wetting agent) on the feathers which resulted in subsequent wetting of released birds. Although rehabilitation techniques have improved in recent years, high bird mortality can be expected following future oil spills.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","usgsCitation":"Perry, M.C., Ferrigno, F., and Settle, F.H., 1978, Rehabilitation of birds oiled on two mid-Atlantic estuaries: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 32, p. 318-325.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"318","endPage":"325","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay, Delaware River","volume":"32","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db634d74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Matthew C. mperry@usgs.gov","contributorId":429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Matthew","email":"mperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":335842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferrigno, Fred","contributorId":55107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferrigno","given":"Fred","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Settle, Fairfax H.","contributorId":27758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Settle","given":"Fairfax","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5221415,"text":"5221415 - 1978 - Histopathologic effects of dietary cadmium on kidneys and testes of mallard ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-12T16:42:39.889389","indexId":"5221415","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2480,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Histopathologic effects of dietary cadmium on kidneys and testes of mallard ducks","docAbstract":"<p>Mallard ducks fed 2, 20, or 200 ppm cadmium chloride were sacrificed at 30, 60, and 90 d. No mortality occurred during the study and body weights remained unchanged. Kidney weights of the 200-ppm group were significantly greater after 60 and 90 d than those of controls; also, testis weights were significantly lower after 90 d. Kidneys of ducks fed 2 and 20 ppm cadmium were relatively unaffected; however, slight to severe kidney lesions were found in the 200-ppm group after 60 d of treatment. No significant lesions were found in mallard testes after feeding 2 ppm cadmium in the diet, and only a few birds in the 20-ppm group showed slight to moderate gonad alterations. After 90 d of treatment, however, testes of males fed 200 ppm had atrophied and the spermatogenic process had ceased. This study should provide important information for the interpretation of cadmium levels found in kidneys and testes of wild ducks.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/15287397809529678","usgsCitation":"White, D.H., Finley, M.T., and Ferrell, J.F., 1978, Histopathologic effects of dietary cadmium on kidneys and testes of mallard ducks: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, v. 4, no. 4, p. 551-558, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287397809529678.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"551","endPage":"558","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199101,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6886c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Donald H.","contributorId":97868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finley, M. T.","contributorId":40297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finley","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ferrell, J. F.","contributorId":101355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrell","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159224,"text":"70159224 - 1978 - A selected bibliography: Remote sensing applications for tropical and subtropical vegetation analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-04T16:00:55.042785","indexId":"70159224","displayToPublicDate":"2010-02-02T05:15:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"A selected bibliography: Remote sensing applications for tropical and subtropical vegetation analysis","docAbstract":"<p>This bibliography contains 425 citations of selected technical reports, journal articles, and other publications covering the general subject of tropical and subtropical vegetation analysis. Functionally related topics that include vegetation analysis are included for completeness, and citations have been organized under the following subheadings for ease of reference: remote sensing application overviews, vegetation (general), forestry, grasslands/savannah/shrublands, agriculture, land use/thematic mapping, and integrated surveys/multiple resource analysis/land systems. The terms \"tropics and subtropics\" are used in the widest context to include applications related to a broad range of equatorial environments. The bibliography contains selected citations published between 1924 and 1978. Many foreign language and non U.S.- source items are included.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Sioux Falls, SD","doi":"10.3133/70159224","usgsCitation":"Pettinger, L.R., 1978, A selected bibliography: Remote sensing applications for tropical and subtropical vegetation analysis, ii, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70159224.","productDescription":"ii, 47 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310066,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159224.jpg"},{"id":311213,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159224/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56261430e4b0fb9a11dd75eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pettinger, Lawrence R.","contributorId":18274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pettinger","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5230129,"text":"5230129 - 1978 - Use of circular plot surveys in estimating the density of a population with poisson scattering","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:26","indexId":"5230129","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":202,"text":"Oregon State University Department of Statistics, Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"No. 60","title":"Use of circular plot surveys in estimating the density of a population with poisson scattering","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, F.L., and Scott, J.M., 1978, Use of circular plot surveys in estimating the density of a population with poisson scattering: Oregon State University Department of Statistics, Technical Report No. 60.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685c93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, F. L.","contributorId":92379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"F.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, J. M.","contributorId":55766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5200266,"text":"5200266 - 1978 - Pesticide Decision Making","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-18T14:33:29.29077","indexId":"5200266","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":155,"text":"Analytical Studies for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"title":"Pesticide Decision Making","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC.","usgsCitation":"Eden, W.G., and Stickel, L., 1978, Pesticide Decision Making: Analytical Studies for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, v. VII, xiv, 109 p.","productDescription":"xiv, 109 p.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"VII","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd2ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eden, W. G.","contributorId":11740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eden","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stickel, L.F.","contributorId":41095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stickel","given":"L.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5200350,"text":"5200350 - 1978 - Hawaiian Bird Bibliography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5200350","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":169,"text":"Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"21.","title":"Hawaiian Bird Bibliography","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Manoa","publisherLocation":"Honolulu, Hawaii","collaboration":"Contents:  Part 1, The Bibliography -- Part 2, Keyword Index -- Part 3, Author/Source Index -- Computer compilation by Kent W. Bridges and Mala Swe Bridges","usgsCitation":"Banko, W., 1978, Hawaiian Bird Bibliography: Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, Technical Report 21., 3 parts, unnumbered.","productDescription":"3 parts, unnumbered","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202588,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640f40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banko, W.E.","contributorId":62694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banko","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5200110,"text":"5200110 - 1978 - Newsletter for the Accelerated Research Program for migratory shore and upland game birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:25","indexId":"5200110","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":193,"text":"Newsletter for the Accelerated Research Program for migratory shore and upland game birds","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"No. 3.","title":"Newsletter for the Accelerated Research Program for migratory shore and upland game birds","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird & Habitat Research Laboratory","publisherLocation":"Laurel, MD","usgsCitation":"Coon, R., 1978, Newsletter for the Accelerated Research Program for migratory shore and upland game birds: Newsletter for the Accelerated Research Program for migratory shore and upland game birds No. 3., 23.","productDescription":"23","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa4dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coon, R.A.","contributorId":43060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coon","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5200033,"text":"5200033 - 1978 - The California condor, 1966-1976: A Look at its Past and Future","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:23","indexId":"5200033","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:21","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":58,"text":"North American Fauna","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"No. 72","title":"The California condor, 1966-1976: A Look at its Past and Future","docAbstract":"The California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) was studied on about 900 field days between 1966 and 1976.  In addition, some 1,000 items of literature, specimen records from 56 museums, and 3,500 reports of condor sitings by cooperators were analyzed.  Distribution does not appear to have changed significantly since the 1930's, although there are some areas within the. species' range that have become unusable.  Two subpopulations of condors exist, one occupying the Coast Range Mountains, and the other found in the Transverse Ranges, Tehachapi Mountains, and Sierra Nevadas.  There are well-defined seasonal movements within each subpopulation area.  The surviving, wild population was estimated to be 45 condors in 1976, a decline of about 20% since 1965 and probably over 50% since 1940.  No reliable population estimates are available before the 1940's, but it appears that a major decline occurred between 1880 and 1920.  Shooting and specimen collecting were the primary causes of the early decline, and shooting continued as a major problem into the 1960's.  Recent declines are a result of inadequate production; annual surveys indicate that only 16 young have been produced since 1968.  Causes of low production are unknown but inadequate food supply, environmental contaminants, and disturbance from air traffic and petroleum extraction are implicated.  A recovery plan for the condor is in operation; steps have been taken to supplement food supplies, preserve nesting and roosting habitat, and protect surviving birds from man-caused mortality or disturbance.  The condor's prospects of recovery in its natural habitat seem bleak; a captive propagation program is proposed to supplement wild production.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"NTIS Accession Number: PB97-152821   PDF on file: 2156_Wilbur.pdf  5.9 MB","usgsCitation":"Wilbur, S., 1978, The California condor, 1966-1976: A Look at its Past and Future: North American Fauna No. 72, 136.","productDescription":"136","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db6820c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilbur, S.R.","contributorId":53908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilbur","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5211248,"text":"5211248 - 1978 - Wildlife and electric power transmission","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:27","indexId":"5211248","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Wildlife and electric power transmission","docAbstract":"Hundreds of thousands of miles of transmission lines have been introduced into our natural environment.  These lines and their corridors can be damaging or beneficial to wildlife communities depending on how they are designed, where they are placed, and when they are constructed and maintained.  With the current trend toward UHV systems, new problems (associated with additional increments in audible noise, electric and magnetic force fields, etc.) must be addressed.  We recommend the following areas for careful study: (1) the response of wilderness species to transmission lines and line construction and maintenance activities (2) the magnitude of bird collision and electrocution mortality, (3) the response of power corridor and power tower in habiting wildlife to laboratory and field doses of electro-chemical oxidants, corona noise, electric and magnetic fields, etc., (4) the productivity of tower inhabiting birds compared with nearby non-tower nesters, and (5) the influence of powerline corridors on mammalian and avian migration patterns.  It is our hope that the questions identified in this study will help stimulate further research so that we can maximize wildlife benefits and minimize wildlife detriments.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Effects of Noise on Wildlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","usgsCitation":"Ellis, D.H., Goodwin, J., and Hunt, J., 1978, Wildlife and electric power transmission, chap. <i>of</i> Effects of Noise on Wildlife, p. 81-104.","productDescription":"x, 305","startPage":"81","endPage":"104","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db54533b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Fletcher, John L.","contributorId":112722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507872,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Busnel, R.G.","contributorId":111714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busnel","given":"R.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507871,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, D. H.","contributorId":79830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goodwin, J.G. Jr.","contributorId":60356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodwin","given":"J.G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunt, J.R.","contributorId":77640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5211247,"text":"5211247 - 1978 - Status of the peregrine falcon in the Rocky Mountains and the southwestern United States, Baja California, and Mexico (south of Texas)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:24","indexId":"5211247","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Status of the peregrine falcon in the Rocky Mountains and the southwestern United States, Baja California, and Mexico (south of Texas)","docAbstract":"About 31 pairs of  peregrines still nest north of Mexico, from Idaho and Montana south through West Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. At least thirty-six additional pairs nest in Mexico. Although the nesting sites are occupied, the tissues of the peregrine?s prey species still contain high concentrations of pesticides. The eggs in some Rocky Mountain eyries have shells which are precariously thin and have high residue levels of DDE in their contents.  Increasing economic development is encroaching on the peregrine habitat throughout its range in western North America.  In Baja California. and Mexico south of Texas this involves increased agricultural activity including use of organochlorine pesticides, increased tourism and increased use of the Gulf of California both for commercial and sport fishing, with their potential disturbance of eyrie sites and reduction of the peregrine?s aquatic feeding prey base. As the fish in the Gulf decrease in number, some of the avian species on which peregrines prey will likewise decrease. This ultimately may effect the peregrine. These factors may have been involved in the demise of the peregrine on Baja California?s Pacific coast.     Furthermore, throughout its range, residential, industrial, mining, geothermal, recreational and other types of development and land use practices sometimes destroy habitat essential to the survival of the peregrine. A recent request for the protection of an historical site in California as Critical Habitat under Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act was rejected because peregrines, although observed there, were not known to have produced eggs or young at the site for several decades.     With inadequate protection of abandoned, but still suitable, historical eyrie sites, the peregrine may have an insufficient number of eyries to reoccupy in recovery attempts. The lack of present occupancy of a site, without biological evidence that the site is no longer suitable for reoccupancy, is insufficient cause to give up the site to the pressures of development. Since destruction of habitat is forever, preservation of this essential habitat is of utmost importance to the survival of the species.     On the other hand, we must not allow the peregrine, or other of the endangered species, to be used as levers for the sole purpose of restricting economic development. When an impasse between the two does occur, our defense of the endangered species must be justified on sound biological evidence if the Endangered Species Act of 1973 is to survive.     The formation of the recovery teams, the development of recovery plans, and the success of captive breeding and reintroduction projects are all on the plus side of the ledger for the peregrine. They suggest optimism for the future of the peregrine, providing use of DDT is restricted both north and south of our southern border, and a sufficient number of the still suitable inactive eyrie sites are preserved to effect recovery. We need to categorize all active and inactive sites on the basis of quality and/or suitability for reoccupancy and preserve those required for the recovery of the species. Categorizing inactive eyries as to suitability for reoccupancy will provide land management agencies information badly needed for critical value judgements affecting the future of the peregrine falcon in the West.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Audubon Society Symposium on the Current Status of Peregrine Falcon Populations in North America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Audubon Society Western Education Center","publisherLocation":"Tiburon, California","usgsCitation":"Porter, R., Craig, G., Ellis, D.H., Enderson, J., and Hunt, W., 1978, Status of the peregrine falcon in the Rocky Mountains and the southwestern United States, Baja California, and Mexico (south of Texas), chap. <i>of</i> Proceedings of the National Audubon Society Symposium on the Current Status of Peregrine Falcon Populations in North America, p. 26-31.","productDescription":"67","startPage":"26","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"67","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4728","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schaeffer, Philip P.","contributorId":113492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507870,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ehlers, Sharyn M.","contributorId":113240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ehlers","given":"Sharyn M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507869,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Porter, Ron","contributorId":93993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porter","given":"Ron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Craig, G.R.","contributorId":30332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craig","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, D. H.","contributorId":79830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Enderson, J.H.","contributorId":76843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enderson","given":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunt, W.G.","contributorId":7816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"W.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5210930,"text":"5210930 - 1978 - Constitution Gardens: the making of an urban park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:27","indexId":"5210930","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Constitution Gardens: the making of an urban park","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Manual of site management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Design Press","publisherLocation":"Reston, Va.","collaboration":"OCLC: 4090027","usgsCitation":"Hammerschlag, R., and Patterson, J., 1978, Constitution Gardens: the making of an urban park, chap. <i>of</i> Manual of site management, 1 vol, loose-leaf.","productDescription":"1 vol, loose-leaf.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202307,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2b45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hammerschlag, R.S.","contributorId":78050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammerschlag","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patterson, J.C.","contributorId":54708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210125,"text":"5210125 - 1978 - Nongame research in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:18","indexId":"5210125","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Nongame research in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, meeting on nongame/urban wildlife/endangered species program concerns.  ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and Northeast Section, The Wildlife Society","usgsCitation":"Anderson, S., 1978, Nongame research in the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, chap. <i>of</i> Proceedings, meeting on nongame/urban wildlife/endangered species program concerns.  , p. 19-21.","productDescription":"83","startPage":"19","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"83","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db697075","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, S.H.","contributorId":33667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210207,"text":"5210207 - 1978 - Diets, equipment, and techniques for maintaining crawfish in the laboratory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:16","indexId":"5210207","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Diets, equipment, and techniques for maintaining crawfish in the laboratory","docAbstract":"One commercial and 4 laboratory prepared extruded, water-stable diets were fed 3 times a week in 1-g portions to juvenile male and female White River crawfish, Procambarus acutus acutus (Girard), for 10 weeks.  The. binding material in the laboratory preparation was alginate (Kelgin), whereas that in the commercial preparation was starch.  No statistically significant weight differences developed between the groups of crawfish at the end of the 10-week period; all 5 diets were found satisfactory for feeding and maintaining P. acutus acutus in the laboratory, and all test crawfish survived throughout the experimental period.  Weight gains were highest in a diet containing 50.5% protein; intermediate in those fed a diet with 46.0% protein; and lowest in those fed diets with 31.7 or 36.3% protein.  Crawfish fed the commercial preparation of one of the 46.0% protein diets showed a slightly but not significantly higher weight gain than those fed the laboratory preparation of the diet.  In an evaluation of the water stability of 5 commercially prepared animal chow diets and the commercial extruded diet, 2 of the commercial diets disintegrated after one hour exposure in water and the other 3 became bloated after one hour and remained on the surface throughout the 24-hour test.  The commercial extruded diet maintained its water stability for the full 24 hours.  The commercial preparation of the 46.0% protein diet was successfully used under laboratory conditions for feeding and maintaining the following crawfishes: Cambarellus shufeldtii (Faxon), Cambarus acuminatus Faxon, Orconectes limosus (Rafinesque), O. virilis (Hagen), Procambarus clarkii (Girard), and P. spiculifer (Le conte).  In longevity experiments Cambarus diogenes diogenes Girard and Procambarus hinei (Ortmann) now have survived for 8 months on this diet in the laboratory.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Meeting of the World Mariculture Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Louisiana State University","publisherLocation":"Baton Rouge","collaboration":"OCLC: 221633370  PDF on file: 2145_Tarshis.pdf","usgsCitation":"Tarshis, I., 1978, Diets, equipment, and techniques for maintaining crawfish in the laboratory, chap. <i>of</i> Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Meeting of the World Mariculture Society, p. 259-269.","productDescription":"xiii, 807","startPage":"259","endPage":"269","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d7d0","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Avault, James W.","contributorId":112025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avault","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506114,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Tarshis, I.B.","contributorId":83625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarshis","given":"I.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210150,"text":"5210150 - 1978 - Artificial insemination for breeding non-domestic birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:21","indexId":"5210150","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"43","title":"Artificial insemination for breeding non-domestic birds","docAbstract":"Captive breeding of non-domestic birds has increased dramatically in this century, and production of young often exceeds that of the same number of birds in their native habitat. However, when infertility is a problem, artificial insemination can be a useful method to improve production. Artificial insemination programs with non-domestic birds are relatively recent, but several notable successes have been documented, especially with cranes and raptors.      Three methods of artificial insemination are described--cooperative, massage, and electroejaculation. Cooperative artificial insemination requires training of birds imprinted on man and is used extensively in some raptor programs. The massage technique generally is used when there are larger numbers of birds to inseminate since it requires less training of the birds than with the cooperative method, and a larger number of attempted semen collections are successful. Although the best samples are obtained from birds conditioned to capture and handling procedures associated with the massage method, samples can be obtained from wild birds. Semen collection and insemination for the crane serves to illustrate some of the modifications necessary to compensate for anatomical variations. Collection of semen by electrical stimulation is not commonly used in birds. Unlike the other two methods which require behavioral cooperation by the bird, electroejaculation is possible in reproductively active birds without prior conditioning when properly restrained.      Fertility from artificial insemination in captive non-domestic-birds has been good. Although some spermatozoal morphology has been reported, most aspects of morphology are not useful in predicting fertility. However, spermatozoal head length in the crane may have a positive correlation with fertility. Nevertheless, insemination with the largest number of live spermatozoa is still the best guarantee of fertile egg production.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Artificial Breeding of Non-Domestic Animals.","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"London","usgsCitation":"Gee, G., and Temple, S., 1978, Artificial insemination for breeding non-domestic birds, chap. <i>of</i> Artificial Breeding of Non-Domestic Animals., p. 51-72.","productDescription":"xxi, 376","startPage":"51","endPage":"72","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672bac","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Watson, P.F.","contributorId":113200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506062,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Gee, G.F.","contributorId":70335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"G.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Temple, S.A.","contributorId":100812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Temple","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210130,"text":"5210130 - 1978 - Status undetermined: Black rail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:19","indexId":"5210130","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Status undetermined: Black rail","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rare and Endangered Biota of Florida, Volume Two: Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University Presses of Florida","publisherLocation":"Gainesville, FL","usgsCitation":"Sykes, P., 1978, Status undetermined: Black rail, chap. <i>of</i> Rare and Endangered Biota of Florida, Volume Two: Birds, p. 114-115.","productDescription":"xix, 121","startPage":"114","endPage":"115","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201123,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b46c3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kale, H.W. II","contributorId":33423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kale","given":"H.W.","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506035,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Sykes, P.W. Jr.","contributorId":107385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sykes","given":"P.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210132,"text":"5210132 - 1978 - A comparative study on the cryogenic preservation of semen from the sandhill crane and the domestic fowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:19","indexId":"5210132","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"43","title":"A comparative study on the cryogenic preservation of semen from the sandhill crane and the domestic fowl","docAbstract":"SYNOPSIS: Recent findings on the cryogenic preservation of semen from the crane, Grus canadensis pratensis and the domestic fowl, Gallus domesticus, are compared. Highest levels of post-thaw motility for crane semen (55%) were obtained when semen was diluted 1:1 with the Beltsville Poultry Semen Extender (BPSE) and held for 30 min at 5 C before it was equilibrated with 4% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 15 min. In contrast, post-thaw motility for fowl spermatozoa was highest (80%) when semen was diluted 1:3 with BPSE and held for 60 min at 5 C before it was equilibrated with 4% DMSO for 60 min. Post-thaw motility of spermatozoa of both species was highest when the following freezing rates were used: l C per min from +5 to -20 C, 50 C per min from -20 to -80 C, then plunging into liquid nitrogen which resulted in a rate of 160 C per min from -80 to -196 C. One of four crane eggs resulting from insemination with frozen-thawed semen was fertile, whereas 27 of 55 fowl eggs were fertile, but this difference may have been due largely to fewer spermatozoa being inseminated into the female crane than into the fowl.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Artificial Breeding of Non-Domestic Animals","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"London","collaboration":"OCLC no. 5676848.  Symposium held at the Zoological Society of London on September 7-8, 1977.","usgsCitation":"Sexton, T.J., and Gee, G., 1978, A comparative study on the cryogenic preservation of semen from the sandhill crane and the domestic fowl, chap. <i>of</i> Artificial Breeding of Non-Domestic Animals, p. 89-95.","productDescription":"xxi, 376","startPage":"89","endPage":"95","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b103f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Watson, P.F.","contributorId":113200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506037,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Sexton, Thomas J.","contributorId":84856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexton","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gee, G.F.","contributorId":70335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"G.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210128,"text":"5210128 - 1978 - The peregrine falcon and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:18","indexId":"5210128","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The peregrine falcon and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Audubon Society's Symposium on the Current Status of Peregrine Falcon Populations in North America","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Audubon Society, Western Education Center","publisherLocation":"Tiburon, CA","usgsCitation":"Wilbur, S., 1978, The peregrine falcon and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, chap. <i>of</i> Proceedings of the National Audubon Society's Symposium on the Current Status of Peregrine Falcon Populations in North America, p. 22-25.","productDescription":"67","startPage":"22","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"67","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201121,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db64859e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schaeffer, Philip P.","contributorId":113492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506032,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ehlers, Sharyn Marie","contributorId":112077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ehlers","given":"Sharyn","email":"","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506031,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Wilbur, S.R.","contributorId":53908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilbur","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70162706,"text":"70162706 - 1978 - Significance of age relations above and below upper jurassic ophiolite in the Geysers-Clear Lake region, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-29T10:51:48","indexId":"70162706","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T04:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Significance of age relations above and below upper jurassic ophiolite in the Geysers-Clear Lake region, California","docAbstract":"<p>In The Geysers-Clear Lake area of northern California, a fragmented Upper Jurassic ophiolite overlain depositionally by the Great Valley sequence is juxtaposed over deformed and metomorphosed rocks of the Franciscan assemblage along the Coast Range thrust. The basal strata of the Great Valley sequence consist of thick breccias of mafic clasts, identical in composition to the upper part of the ophiolite. These breccias and their contact relations suggest that more than 1 km of the upper part of the ophiolite was locally eroded in early Tithonian time. On the basis of their radiolarian faunas, cherts in the Franciscan assemblage below the ophiolite range in age from Late Jurassic (early Tithonian) to Late Cretaceous (early Cenomanian). Of particular significance is an individual chert body (= The Geysers chert) of this age range. The early Cenomanian radiolarians, except for two occurrences associated with pelagic limestone, are significantly younger than those previously reported from the Franciscan assemblage. The existence of a sequence of Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous radiolarian chert places critical constraints on subduction models for emplacement of the Franciscan assemblage beneath the Coast Range ophiolite and Great Valley sequence in The Geysers-Clear Lake area. From early Tithonian to post-early Cenomanian time, the Franciscan assemblage received pelagic sedimentation far from any site of subduction. By other data, blueschist metamorphism of subducted Franciscan strata also occurred during this time. The radiolarian data from The Geysers area permit a correlation with Upper Cretaceous pelagic limestones in the Laytonville area northwest of The Geysers and also imply that the Great Valley sequence was never depositionally in contact with the Franciscan assemblage.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"McLaughlin, R.J., and Pessagno, E., 1978, Significance of age relations above and below upper jurassic ophiolite in the Geysers-Clear Lake region, California: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 6, no. 6, p. 715-726.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"715","endPage":"726","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":315044,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":315043,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1978/vol6issue6/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"26.93 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Geysers-Clear Lake region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.1455078125,\n              41.96765920367816\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.34326171874999,\n              41.85319643776675\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.16748046874999,\n              41.50857729743935\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.18945312500001,\n              41.16211393939692\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.27734374999999,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.51904296875,\n              40.58058466412764\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.51904296875,\n              40.27952566881291\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.27734374999999,\n              40.094882122321174\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.03564453125,\n              39.8928799002948\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.96972656249999,\n              39.53793974517628\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.99169921875,\n              39.027718840211605\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.662109375,\n              38.685509760012\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.28857421875,\n              38.28993659801203\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.11279296875001,\n              37.97884504049713\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.84912109375,\n              37.77071473849609\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.71728515624999,\n              37.52715361723378\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4755859375,\n              37.42252593456307\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.66259765625001,\n              37.38761749978395\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.04736328125,\n              37.38761749978395\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.76171875,\n              37.59682400108367\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.30029296875,\n              38.08268954483802\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.73974609374999,\n              39.027718840211605\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.728515625,\n              40.36328834091583\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.9482421875,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.49755859375,\n              41.409775832009565\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.80517578125,\n              42.01665183556825\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.1455078125,\n              41.96765920367816\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ac9b7ae4b0403299f53b20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLaughlin, R. J. 0000-0002-4390-2288","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-2288","contributorId":107271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"R.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pessagno, E.A. Jr.","contributorId":69389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pessagno","given":"E.A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70162712,"text":"70162712 - 1978 - Phosphorus in hydrothermal waters of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-29T11:40:28","indexId":"70162712","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-28T04:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phosphorus in hydrothermal waters of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p>Ninety-seven hot-spring and geyser samples (field acidified to pH&lt;1.4 with HCl or HNO<sub>3</sub>) from Yellowstone National Park, Wyo., were analyzed for PO<sub>4</sub>-P using reduced molybdenum-blue and the selective arsenate reducing agent, metabisulfite-thiosulfate. The PO<sub>4</sub>-P&nbsp;concentrations ranged from below detection limit (~1-73 micrograms per liter). Twenty-five springs had PO<sub>4</sub>-P&nbsp;concentrations exceeding 6.8 <span>&mu;</span>g/L; seven spring samples exceeded 20 &mu;g/L. Elevated PO<sub>4</sub>-P&nbsp;contents were invariably associated with mixed springs, as evidenced by diluted chloride concentrations and, commonly, subboiling temperatures, low pH's, and elevated calcium concentrations. Alkaline high-chloride (&gt;400 milligrams per liter) hydrothermal waters from Upper and Norris Geyser Basins had PO<sub>4</sub>-P&nbsp;concentrations below 2 &mu;g/L and represent the low end of the range of PO<sub>4</sub>-P&nbsp;contents in natural waters.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Stauffer, R.E., and Thompson, J.M., 1978, Phosphorus in hydrothermal waters of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 6, no. 6, p. 755-763.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"755","endPage":"763","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":315057,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":315055,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1978/vol6issue6/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"26.93 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.09100341796875,\n              45.11617660357484\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0113525390625,\n              45.11811475546806\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.67626953125,\n              45.10066901851988\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.0390625,\n              45.03277379605973\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.92370605468749,\n              45.01530198999212\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.88800048828125,\n              44.92397370210939\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.92370605468749,\n              44.87533557756195\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.92095947265625,\n              44.820812031724444\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.88525390624999,\n              44.75648588056624\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.83032226562499,\n              44.72136867346628\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.81109619140625,\n              44.692088041727814\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.82757568359375,\n              44.66474608911831\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.92370605468749,\n              44.64716230650056\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.0225830078125,\n              44.610023477890515\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.093994140625,\n              44.56503415498704\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.1214599609375,\n              44.535674532413196\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.1104736328125,\n              44.52001001133986\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.9896240234375,\n              44.49454617990028\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.97863769531249,\n              44.453388800301774\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.0225830078125,\n              44.41024041296011\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.06927490234375,\n              44.396504700115536\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.00885009765625,\n              44.345458103018316\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.97314453125,\n              44.29043508918884\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.94018554687499,\n              44.132942183139654\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.9676513671875,\n              44.12702800650004\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.08001708984375,\n              44.125056482685146\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.09100341796875,\n              45.11617660357484\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ac9b6de4b0403299f53a9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stauffer, R. 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