The study area occupies approximately 168 square miles of the Sacramento Valley. The study area boundary is the Yuba River in the north, the Feather River in the west, the Bear River in the south, and the Sierra Nevada foothills in the east.
\nBetween December 1976 and March 1977, 640 wells were selectively canvassed and 274 water levels were taken in the wells canvassed Thirty-six water levels measured in March and April 1976 are recorded in this report. Descriptive data for water wells and water levels are recorded in table 1, and location of wells is shown on maps 1-23.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/ofr7810","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Air Force","usgsCitation":"Rockwell, G.L., 1978, Description of wells at Beale Air Force Base and vicinity, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-10, iv, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr7810.","productDescription":"iv, 45 p.","numberOfPages":"49","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287769,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287768,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0010/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Beale Air Force Base;Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.699643,38.900717 ], [ -121.699643,39.19919 ], [ -121.248773,39.19919 ], [ -121.248773,38.900717 ], [ -121.699643,38.900717 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aabe4b07f02db66990f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rockwell, Gerald L.","contributorId":55401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10575,"text":"ofr781072 - 1978 - A geological and geochemical reconnaissance of the Tathlith one-degree quadrangle, sheet 19/43, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:28","indexId":"ofr781072","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-1072","title":"A geological and geochemical reconnaissance of the Tathlith one-degree quadrangle, sheet 19/43, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"The Tathlith one-degree quadrangle occupies an area of 11,620 sq km in the northeastern Asir region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, in the southeastern part of the Precambrian shield. In the eastern part of the quadrangle the Precambrian rocks are covered by exposures of easterly-dipping sandstone of Cambrian or Ordovician age. A well-developed and highly integrated drainage system trending northward is worn into the Precambrian rocks, but for most of the year the wadis are dry. \r\n\r\nThe Precambrian rocks of the quadrangle consist of an old, non-metamorphosed to variably metamorphosed sequence of volcanic and sedimentary rocks intruded by three main successions of plutonic and hypabyssal igneous rocks. The interlayered volcanic and sedimentary rocks occupy arcuate, north-trending fold belts in which old, rather tight north-trending folds have been refolded at least once by open folds with nearly east-trending axes. Old, north-trending left-lateral faults are associated with the fold belts and are themselves intersected by younger, northwest-trending faults. Motion on both sets of faults has been reactivated several times. \r\n\r\nThe interlayered volcanic and sedimentary rocks are an eugeosynclinal sequence of graywacke and andesite with sparse marble, quartzite, and rhyolite. Andesite is the dominant component of the sequence. Plutonic or hypabyssal equivalents of the andesite intrude the volcanic-sedimentary sequence. In many places these rocks are essentially non-metamorphosed, but elsewhere they are faintly to strongly metamorphosed, or even polymetamorphosed. Dynamothermal metamorphism associated with the northerly folding, and contact metamorphism are the principal kinds of metamorphism. The metamorphic grade is mostly greenschist facies or albite-epidote amphibolite facies. \r\n\r\nThe largest intrusive in the area is a batholith of regional dimension, the east side of which intrudes and divides the fold belts. Granite gneiss and granodiorite gneiss are the main components of the batholith. \r\n\r\nBiotite granite of calc-alkaline composition, and somewhat younger than the granite gneiss and granodiorite gneiss, forms northerly elongate to subcircular plutons in the gneisses and the rocks of the volcanic-sedimentary sequence.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr781072","usgsCitation":"Overstreet, W.C., 1978, A geological and geochemical reconnaissance of the Tathlith one-degree quadrangle, sheet 19/43, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-1072, vi, 132 p. :5 fold. maps (4 fold. col. in pocket) ;27 cm.; (139 p., 4 sheets - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr781072.","productDescription":"vi, 132 p. :5 fold. maps (4 fold. col. in pocket) ;27 cm.; (139 p., 4 sheets - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1072/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38407,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1072/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38408,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1072/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38409,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1072/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38410,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1072/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":38411,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1072/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae52d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Overstreet, William C.","contributorId":73586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overstreet","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11050,"text":"ofr78659 - 1978 - Lithologic and geophysical logs of 16 coal test holes drilled in the Rock Springs coal field, Sweetwater County, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:20","indexId":"ofr78659","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-659","title":"Lithologic and geophysical logs of 16 coal test holes drilled in the Rock Springs coal field, Sweetwater County, Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78659","usgsCitation":"Schroeder, M.L., 1978, Lithologic and geophysical logs of 16 coal test holes drilled in the Rock Springs coal field, Sweetwater County, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-659, i, 33 leaves :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78659.","productDescription":"i, 33 leaves :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142625,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0659/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38816,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0659/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4813","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroeder, Marvin L.","contributorId":91104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11572,"text":"ofr78692 - 1978 - Update and revision of brachiopod collections of the Phosphoria, Park City, and Shedhorn Formations (Permian) of the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-22T20:15:52.440693","indexId":"ofr78692","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-692","title":"Update and revision of brachiopod collections of the Phosphoria, Park City, and Shedhorn Formations (Permian) of the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"The numerous collections amassed by the U.S. Geological Survey's study of the Western Phosphate Field have been examined. Many collections already have been discarded; and only those still housed at the Smithsonian are dealt with in this paper. Future studies of the biostratigraphy and paleogeography of the Phosphoria Formation and related rocks will be based on this data. Sections and samples are those presented by Yochelson (1968). In this paper, the brachiopods of each sample are listed. New and undescribed forms (in quotations) are presented as the closest allied and described taxon. Lingula and Orbiculoidea are not listed.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78692","usgsCitation":"Wardlaw, B.R., 1978, Update and revision of brachiopod collections of the Phosphoria, Park City, and Shedhorn Formations (Permian) of the U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-692, 80 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78692.","productDescription":"80 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":413307,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0692/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145853,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0692/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60eb9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wardlaw, Bruce R. bwardlaw@usgs.gov","contributorId":266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wardlaw","given":"Bruce","email":"bwardlaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":163377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11049,"text":"ofr78658 - 1978 - Geophysical logs of 15 coal test holes drilled in the Kemmerer coal field, Uinta County, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:20","indexId":"ofr78658","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-658","title":"Geophysical logs of 15 coal test holes drilled in the Kemmerer coal field, Uinta County, Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78658","usgsCitation":"Schroeder, M.L., 1978, Geophysical logs of 15 coal test holes drilled in the Kemmerer coal field, Uinta County, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-658, i, 30 leaves :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78658.","productDescription":"i, 30 leaves :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142624,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0658/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38815,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0658/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bab0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroeder, Marvin L.","contributorId":91104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11685,"text":"ofr78103 - 1978 - Principal facts for gravity stations in the Clearwater and Blackfoot River valleys, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-29T08:55:40","indexId":"ofr78103","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-103","title":"Principal facts for gravity stations in the Clearwater and Blackfoot River valleys, Montana","docAbstract":"A gravity survey was made in the Clearwater and Blackfoot River valleys to provide information on structural relationships and subsurface geology as part of the Big Fork-Avon environmental and land-use project undertaken by the U.S. Geological Survey and Missoula and Powell Counties, Montana.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78103","usgsCitation":"Wilson, D.M., 1978, Principal facts for gravity stations in the Clearwater and Blackfoot River valleys, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-103, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78103.","productDescription":"9 p.","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287789,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287788,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0103/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Blackfoot River;Clearwater River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.75,46.5 ], [ -113.75,47.333333 ], [ -112.75,47.333333 ], [ -112.75,46.5 ], [ -113.75,46.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db667e7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Dolores M.","contributorId":100394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Dolores","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":12728,"text":"ofr781017 - 1978 - List of intensities, epicentral distances, and azimuths for the 1897 Giles County, Virginia, earthquake and the 1969 Elgood, West Virginia, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:39","indexId":"ofr781017","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-1017","title":"List of intensities, epicentral distances, and azimuths for the 1897 Giles County, Virginia, earthquake and the 1969 Elgood, West Virginia, earthquake","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr781017","usgsCitation":"Bollinger, G.A., and Stover, C.W., 1978, List of intensities, epicentral distances, and azimuths for the 1897 Giles County, Virginia, earthquake and the 1969 Elgood, West Virginia, earthquake: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-1017, 18 p. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr781017.","productDescription":"18 p. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bollinger, G. A.","contributorId":55809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollinger","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stover, Carl W.","contributorId":28955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stover","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11406,"text":"ofr78117 - 1978 - Principles of computer processing of Landsat data for geologic applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-28T14:49:59","indexId":"ofr78117","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-117","title":"Principles of computer processing of Landsat data for geologic applications","docAbstract":"The main objectives of computer processing of Landsat data for geologic applications are to improve display of image data to the analyst or to facilitate evaluation of the multispectral characteristics of the data. Interpretations of the data are made from enhanced and classified data by an analyst trained in geology. Image enhancements involve adjustments of brightness values for individual picture elements. Image classification involves determination of the brightness values of picture elements for a particular cover type. Histograms are used to display the range and frequency of occurrence of brightness values. \r\n\r\nLandsat-1 and -2 data are preprocessed at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) to adjust for the detector response of the multispectral scanner (MSS). Adjustments are applied to minimize the effects of striping, adjust for bad-data lines and line segments and lost individual pixel data. Because illumination conditions and landscape characteristics vary considerably and detector response changes with time, the radiometric adjustments applied at GSFC are seldom perfect and some detector striping remain in Landsat data. Rotation of the Earth under the satellite and movements of the satellite platform introduce geometric distortions in the data that must also be compensated for if image data are to be correctly displayed to the data analyst. Adjustments to Landsat data are made to compensate for variable solar illumination and for atmospheric effects. GeoMetric registration of Landsat data involves determination of the spatial location of a pixel in. the output image and the determination of a new value for the pixel. \r\n\r\nThe general objective of image enhancement is to optimize display of the data to the analyst. Contrast enhancements are employed to expand the range of brightness values in Landsat data so that the data can be efficiently recorded in a manner desired by the analyst. Spatial frequency enhancements are designed to enhance boundaries between features which have subtle differences in brightness values. Ratioing tends to reduce the effects due to topography and it tends to emphasize changes in brightness values between two Landsat bands. Simulated natural color is produced for geologists so that the colors of materials on images appear similar to colors of actual materials in the field. \r\n\r\nImage classification of Landsat data involves both machine assisted delineation of multispectral patterns in four-dimensional spectral space and identification of machine delineated multispectral patterns that represent particular cover conditions. The geological information derived from an analysis of a multispectral classification is usually related to lithology.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78117","usgsCitation":"Taranik, J.V., 1978, Principles of computer processing of Landsat data for geologic applications: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-117, vi, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78117.","productDescription":"vi, 50 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":39229,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0117/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0117/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699a86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taranik, James V.","contributorId":67514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taranik","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10831,"text":"ofr78666 - 1978 - Stamukhi shoals of the Arctic - some observations from the Beaufort Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-21T22:06:24.865212","indexId":"ofr78666","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-666","title":"Stamukhi shoals of the Arctic - some observations from the Beaufort Sea","docAbstract":"A number of linear shoals, representing pronounced topographic anomalies on the surface of the Arctic shelf, have been studied in the Prudhoe Bay area. These shoals have been referred to in several previous studies. Based on seismic reflection records, Reimnitz et al., (1972a), stated that the shoals are constructional features younger than the post-Wisconsin transgression. Large chunks of grounded ice have frequently been seen on the linear shoals of the inner shelf. These ice chunks form barriers parallel to the shore (Reimnitz, et al. 1972b). Reimnitz and Barnes (1974) considered the lack of gravel concentrations on the shoals to be evidence that the stream of pack ice drifting past northern Alaska carries very little gravel today. Lewellen (1977) referred to the linear shoals as submerged barrier islands, while Reimnitz, et al., (1977b) pointed out that, although similar in shape to barrier islands, the linear shoals are very different in composition and do not appear to represent drowned harrier islands. They show that the shoals localize the formation of major shear and pressure events in the ice, which in turn cause the formation of linear belts of deformed and grounded ice. Today the shoals appear to be migrating under the influence of ice-bottom interaction, and indeed may have formed in response to ice-bottom interaction within the \"stamukhi zone\". The shoals migrate rather slowly and retain their shapes over periods of 25 years, yet control the location and stabilize the outer edge of the floating fast ice zone, and provide shelter for the inner shelf and coast. Reimnitz et al. (1977b) surmised that similar artificial structures might be used to modify the ice environment on the arctic shelf.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78666","usgsCitation":"Reimnitz, E., and Maurer, D.K., 1978, Stamukhi shoals of the Arctic - some observations from the Beaufort Sea: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-666, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78666.","productDescription":"17 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422793,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0666/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145700,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0666/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.62776526776008,\n 72.48635444013865\n ],\n [\n -158.62776526776008,\n 69.63447837595365\n ],\n [\n -141.011122578925,\n 69.63447837595365\n ],\n [\n -141.011122578925,\n 72.48635444013865\n ],\n [\n -158.62776526776008,\n 72.48635444013865\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4864","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reimnitz, Erk","contributorId":17963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reimnitz","given":"Erk","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maurer, Douglas K. dkmaurer@usgs.gov","contributorId":2308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurer","given":"Douglas","email":"dkmaurer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":162042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11768,"text":"ofr78565 - 1978 - Petrophysical measurements across a uranium roll feature: Rajah-49 Mines, Gateway, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:36","indexId":"ofr78565","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-565","title":"Petrophysical measurements across a uranium roll feature: Rajah-49 Mines, Gateway, Colorado","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78565","usgsCitation":"Wynn, J.C., and Brooks, R.A., 1978, Petrophysical measurements across a uranium roll feature: Rajah-49 Mines, Gateway, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-565, 54 leaves :ill. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78565.","productDescription":"54 leaves :ill. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0565/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39646,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0565/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687c79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wynn, Jeffrey C.","contributorId":81081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wynn","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooks, Robert A.","contributorId":60645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11745,"text":"ofr78572 - 1978 - Four maps showing lithologic distributions of selected parts of the Jurassic San Rafael Group and related units, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-21T16:47:44.746518","indexId":"ofr78572","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-572","title":"Four maps showing lithologic distributions of selected parts of the Jurassic San Rafael Group and related units, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78572","usgsCitation":"Wright, J.C., 1978, Four maps showing lithologic distributions of selected parts of the Jurassic San Rafael Group and related units, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-572, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78572.","productDescription":"7 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":390745,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74889.htm"},{"id":39639,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0572/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0572/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Jurassic San Rafael Group and related units","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -107,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -107,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 34.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a912f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, James C.","contributorId":83936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11535,"text":"ofr79258 - 1978 - Estimated inflow and evaporation for Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1931-76, with revised model for evaluating the effects of dikes on the water and salt balance of the lake","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":11535,"text":"ofr79258 - 1978 - Estimated inflow and evaporation for Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1931-76, with revised model for evaluating the effects of dikes on the water and salt balance of the lake","indexId":"ofr79258","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"title":"Estimated inflow and evaporation for Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1931-76, with revised model for evaluating the effects of dikes on the water and salt balance of the lake"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70046184,"text":"70046184 - 1980 - Estimated inflow and evaporation for Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1931-76, with revised model for evaluating the effects of dikes on the water and salt balance of the lake: Comprehensive water planning program","indexId":"70046184","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Estimated inflow and evaporation for Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1931-76, with revised model for evaluating the effects of dikes on the water and salt balance of the lake: Comprehensive water planning program"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70046184,"text":"70046184 - 1980 - Estimated inflow and evaporation for Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1931-76, with revised model for evaluating the effects of dikes on the water and salt balance of the lake: Comprehensive water planning program","indexId":"70046184","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Estimated inflow and evaporation for Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1931-76, with revised model for evaluating the effects of dikes on the water and salt balance of the lake: Comprehensive water planning program"},"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-29T16:10:03","indexId":"ofr79258","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-258","title":"Estimated inflow and evaporation for Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1931-76, with revised model for evaluating the effects of dikes on the water and salt balance of the lake","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr79258","usgsCitation":"Waddell, K., and Barton, J., 1978, Estimated inflow and evaporation for Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1931-76, with revised model for evaluating the effects of dikes on the water and salt balance of the lake: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-258, 61 p. :ill., maps (some fold.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79258.","productDescription":"61 p. :ill., maps (some fold.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144554,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a142","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddell, K.M.","contributorId":59009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, J.D.","contributorId":54207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":10552,"text":"ofr78463 - 1978 - Electrical properties of salt cored from Carlsbad, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:20","indexId":"ofr78463","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-463","title":"Electrical properties of salt cored from Carlsbad, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78463","usgsCitation":"Olhoeft, G., 1978, Electrical properties of salt cored from Carlsbad, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-463, 5 leaves :ill. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78463.","productDescription":"5 leaves :ill. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":112936,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0463/report.pdf","size":"159","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142498,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0463/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db606f3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olhoeft, G.R.","contributorId":10405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olhoeft","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11405,"text":"ofr78187 - 1978 - Characteristics of the Landsat Multispectral Data System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-28T14:54:19","indexId":"ofr78187","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-187","title":"Characteristics of the Landsat Multispectral Data System","docAbstract":"Landsat satellites were launched into orbit in 1972 and 1975. Additional Landsat satellites are planned for launch in 1978 and 1981. The satellites orbit the Earth at an altitude of approximately 900 km and each can obtain repetitive coverage of cloud-free areas every 18 days. A sun-synchronous orbit is used to insure repeatable illumination conditions. Repetitive satellite coverage allows optimal cover conditions for geologic applications to be identified. Seasonal variations in solar illumination must be analyzed to select the best Landsat data for geologic applications. Landsat data may be viewed in stereo where there is sufficient sidelap and sufficient topographic relief. Landsat-1 ceased operation on January 10, 1978. Landsat-2 detects, only solar radiation that is reflected from the Earth's surface in visible and near-visible wavelengths. The third Landsat will also detect emitted thermal radiation. The multispectral scanner (MSS) was the only sensing instrument used on the first two satellites. The MSS on Landsats-1 and -2 detect radiation which is reflected from a 79 m by 79 m area, and the data are formatted as if the measurement was made from a 56 m by 79 m area.\r\n\r\nThe MSS integrates spectral response from all cover types within the 79 m by 79 m area. The integrated spectral signature often does not resemble the spectral signature from individual cover types, and the integrated signature is also modified by the atmosphere. Landsat-1 and -2 data are converted to 70 mm film and computer compatible tapes (CCT's) at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC); these are shipped to the EROS Data Center (EDC) for duplication and distribution to users. Landsat-C data will be converted to 241 mm-wide film and CCT's at EDC. Landsat-D data will be relayed from the satellite directly to geosynchronous satellites and then to the United States from any location on Earth.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78187","usgsCitation":"Taranik, J.V., 1978, Characteristics of the Landsat Multispectral Data System: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-187, viii, 76 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78187.","productDescription":"viii, 76 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":142609,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0187/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39228,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0187/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49cae4b07f02db5d766c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taranik, James V.","contributorId":67514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taranik","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":11843,"text":"ofr781077B - 1978 - Analyses and descriptions of geochemical samples, Mountain Lake Wilderness Study Area, Virginia and West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:45","indexId":"ofr781077B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-1077","chapter":"B","title":"Analyses and descriptions of geochemical samples, Mountain Lake Wilderness Study Area, Virginia and West Virginia","docAbstract":"Semiquantitative emission spectrographic analyses for 64 elements on 95 stream sediment and 122 rock samples from Mountain Lake Wilderness Study Area, Giles and Craig Counties, Virginia and Monroe County, West Virginia, are reported here in detail. Locations for all samples are in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates. Brief descriptions of rock samples are also included. Rocks analysed are mostly sandstone. Samples of hematitic sandstone of the Rose Hill Formation and limonite-cemented sandstone of the Rocky Gap Sandstone contain high values of iron; these rocks are submarginal iron resources. Some of these iron-rich samples have a little more barium, copper, cobalt, lead, silver, and/or zinc than in average sandstone, but they do not suggest the presence of economic deposits of these metals. A few samples of Tuscarora Quartzite contain moderate amounts of manganese. These are from a submarginal manganese resource. No other obviously anomalous-values related to mineralized rock are present in the data.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr781077B","usgsCitation":"Mei, L., Fletcher, J., Rait, N., and Lesure, F., 1978, Analyses and descriptions of geochemical samples, Mountain Lake Wilderness Study Area, Virginia and West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-1077, 25 p. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr781077B.","productDescription":"25 p. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1077b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39743,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1077b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad1e4b07f02db680f46","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mei, Leung","contributorId":40204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mei","given":"Leung","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fletcher, J.D.","contributorId":24928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rait, Norma","contributorId":44128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rait","given":"Norma","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lesure, F. G.","contributorId":7694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lesure","given":"F. G.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":163861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":11404,"text":"ofr78531 - 1978 - A table of photopeaks useful in nuclear geophysics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-24T19:39:06.916813","indexId":"ofr78531","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-531","title":"A table of photopeaks useful in nuclear geophysics","docAbstract":"The table lists full-energy, single-escape, and double-escape photopeak energies corresponding to about 1800 x- and gamma rays derived from natural radioactivity, X-ray fluorescence, neutron reactions, and induced radioactivity. Photon lines have been selected on the basis of their importance in borehole logging by nuclear methods. The mode of production of each photopeak and the half lives of natural and artificial radionuclides are given, but intensity information is omitted.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78531","usgsCitation":"Tanner, A.B., and Senftle, F.E., 1978, A table of photopeaks useful in nuclear geophysics: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-531, 69 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78531.","productDescription":"69 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422932,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0531/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":142608,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0531/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a5ccd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanner, Allan B.","contributorId":11611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senftle, Frank E.","contributorId":49401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senftle","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":11171,"text":"ofr78510 - 1978 - Annotated bibliography of penecontemporaneous deformational structures in sediments 1819-April, 1978","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-12T21:40:51.024768","indexId":"ofr78510","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-510","title":"Annotated bibliography of penecontemporaneous deformational structures in sediments 1819-April, 1978","docAbstract":"This bibliography summarizes the literature concerned with penecontemporaneous deformational and related structures in sediments produced in various depositional environments. Such structures are formed at the time of or shortly after the deposition of the sediments, and may be broadly construed to include deformation derived from both inorganic and organic processes. Structures associated with glacial and periglacial deposits and processes are included, in part, because they often mimic structures in other types of deposits that were produced by non-glacial processes, and because their description and interpretation expands the morphological variation of similar structures in dissimilar environments. These structures are most likely to be confused with other structures in instances where the environment of formation is in question. Excluded from the bibliography are those articles concerned with purely tectonic deformation such as folds, faults, shears, and tectonites. Excluded also are the products of chemical alteration processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78510","usgsCitation":"Sims, J.D., 1978, Annotated bibliography of penecontemporaneous deformational structures in sediments 1819-April, 1978: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-510, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78510.","productDescription":"79 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420744,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0510/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143924,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0510/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bebe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sims, John D.","contributorId":60202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sims","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10748,"text":"ofr781020 - 1978 - Hot, deep origin of petroleum: deep basin evidence and application","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:24","indexId":"ofr781020","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-1020","title":"Hot, deep origin of petroleum: deep basin evidence and application","docAbstract":"Use of the model of a hot deep origin of oil places rigid constraints on the migration and entrapment of crude oil. Specifically, oil originating from depth migrates vertically up faults and is emplaced in traps at shallower depths. Review of petroleum-producing basins worldwide shows oil occurrence in these basins conforms to the restraints of and therefore supports the hypothesis. Most of the world's oil is found in the very deepest sedimentary basins, and production over or adjacent to the deep basin is cut by or directly updip from faults dipping into the basin deep. Generally the greater the fault throw the greater the reserves. Fault-block highs next to deep sedimentary troughs are the best target areas by the present concept. Traps along major basin-forming faults are quite prospective. The structural style of a basin governs the distribution, types, and amounts of hydrocarbons expected and hence the exploration strategy. Production in delta depocenters (Niger) is in structures cut by or updip from major growth faults, and structures not associated with such faults are barren. Production in block fault basins is on horsts next to deep sedimentary troughs (Sirte, North Sea). In basins whose sediment thickness, structure and geologic history are known to a moderate degree, the main oil occurrences can be specifically predicted by analysis of fault systems and possible hydrocarbon migration routes.\r\n\r\nUse of the concept permits the identification of significant targets which have either been downgraded or ignored in the past, such as production in or just updip from thrust belts, stratigraphic traps over the deep basin associated with major faulting, production over the basin deep, and regional stratigraphic trapping updip from established production along major fault zones.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr781020","usgsCitation":"Price, L.C., 1978, Hot, deep origin of petroleum: deep basin evidence and application: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-1020, 69 leaves, 45 leaves of ill. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; (110 p. - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr781020.","productDescription":"69 leaves, 45 leaves of ill. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; (110 p. - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1020/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38554,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1020/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db68807b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, Leigh C.","contributorId":39379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Leigh","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10665,"text":"ofr78107A - 1978 - Principal facts for a gravity survey of the Double Hot Springs Known Geothermal Resource Area, Humboldt County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-14T15:26:55.264408","indexId":"ofr78107A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-107","chapter":"A","title":"Principal facts for a gravity survey of the Double Hot Springs Known Geothermal Resource Area, Humboldt County, Nevada","docAbstract":"During July 1977, forty-nine gravity stations were obtained in the Double Hot Springs Known Geothermal Resource Area and vicinity, northwestern Nevada. Elevations for twenty-two stations were estimated from lake bed topographic contours. Horizontal positions for these stations were determined from topographic maps and vehicle odometer. Elevations for stations DBLD34 and DBLD35 were determined with altimeters. Positions for the remaining stations were taken from spot elevations shown on U.S. Geological Survey topographic maps at scales of 1:24,000.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78107A","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.L., and Kaufmann, H.E., 1978, Principal facts for a gravity survey of the Double Hot Springs Known Geothermal Resource Area, Humboldt County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-107, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78107A.","productDescription":"5 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":430208,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0107-a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143097,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0107-a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Humboldt County","otherGeospatial":"Double Hot Springs Known Geothermal Resource Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.083333,41.0 ], [ -117.083333,41.083333 ], [ -117.0,41.083333 ], [ -117.0,41.0 ], [ -117.083333,41.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668aa1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Donald L.","contributorId":28597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaufmann, Harold E.","contributorId":102891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaufmann","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":10747,"text":"ofr781070 - 1978 - Aqueous solubility of nitrogen at 290 degrees as a function of pressure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:24","indexId":"ofr781070","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-1070","title":"Aqueous solubility of nitrogen at 290 degrees as a function of pressure","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr781070","usgsCitation":"Price, L.C., 1978, Aqueous solubility of nitrogen at 290 degrees as a function of pressure: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-1070, 8 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr781070.","productDescription":"8 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679fa8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Price, Leigh C.","contributorId":39379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Leigh","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10908,"text":"ofr78674 - 1978 - A prototype design for microprocessor based digital telemetry transmitter for low frequency data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-22T20:16:41.413111","indexId":"ofr78674","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-674","title":"A prototype design for microprocessor based digital telemetry transmitter for low frequency data","docAbstract":"A prototype microprocessor based digital transmitter with low power requirements has been designed and built for use in dial-up telemetry applications. The processor used is the 8 bit RCA COSMAC. Input data is an analog signal in the range of -5 volts to +5 volts which is digitized to 12-bit precision. The transmitted data is a serialized and encoded frequency-shift-keyed signal suitable for transmission over phone lines or radio. Over 500 16-bit words can be stored in the data buffer for transmission with expansion up to 8k words possible. Average power consumption is less than 100 ma at 5 volts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78674","usgsCitation":"Roger, J., Cutler, R., and Varon, M., 1978, A prototype design for microprocessor based digital telemetry transmitter for low frequency data: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-674, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78674.","productDescription":"20 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":413309,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0674/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143315,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0674/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a87f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roger, J.","contributorId":66692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roger","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cutler, R.","contributorId":60221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cutler","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Varon, M.","contributorId":8107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varon","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":10670,"text":"ofr781094 - 1978 - Measured sections of the lower member and Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) in the Henry Mountains Mineral Belt of southern Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:24","indexId":"ofr781094","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-1094","title":"Measured sections of the lower member and Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) in the Henry Mountains Mineral Belt of southern Utah","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr781094","usgsCitation":"Peterson, F., 1978, Measured sections of the lower member and Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) in the Henry Mountains Mineral Belt of southern Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-1094, 97 p. :ill., map ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr781094.","productDescription":"97 p. :ill., map ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1094/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38494,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/1094/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db610efb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Fred fpeterson@usgs.gov","contributorId":1309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Fred","email":"fpeterson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":161773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}