Since the 1970s, there has been both continuing and growing interest in developing accurate estimates of the annual fluvial transport (fluxes and loads) of suspended sediment and sediment-associated chemical constituents. This study provides an evaluation of the effects of manual sample numbers (from 4 to 12 year−1) and sample scheduling (random-based, calendar-based and hydrology-based) on the precision, bias and accuracy of annual suspended sediment flux estimates. The evaluation is based on data from selected US Geological Survey daily suspended sediment stations in the USA and covers basins ranging in area from just over 900 km2 to nearly 2 million km2 and annual suspended sediment fluxes ranging from about 4 Kt year−1 to about 200 Mt year−1. The results appear to indicate that there is a scale effect for random-based and calendar-based sampling schemes, with larger sample numbers required as basin size decreases. All the sampling schemes evaluated display some level of positive (overestimates) or negative (underestimates) bias. The study further indicates that hydrology-based sampling schemes are likely to generate the most accurate annual suspended sediment flux estimates with the fewest number of samples, regardless of basin size. This type of scheme seems most appropriate when the determination of suspended sediment concentrations, sediment-associated chemical concentrations, annual suspended sediment and annual suspended sediment-associated chemical fluxes only represent a few of the parameters of interest in multidisciplinary, multiparameter monitoring programmes. The results are just as applicable to the calibration of autosamplers/suspended sediment surrogates currently used to measure/estimate suspended sediment concentrations and ultimately, annual suspended sediment fluxes, because manual samples are required to adjust the sample data/measurements generated by these techniques so that they provide depth-integrated and cross-sectionally representative data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10172","usgsCitation":"Horowitz, A.J., Clarke, R.T., and Merten, G.H., 2015, The effects of sample scheduling and sample numbers on estimates of the annual fluxes of suspended sediment in fluvial systems: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 4, p. 531-543, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10172.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"531","endPage":"543","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052797","costCenters":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2abfe4b08de9379b31ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Horowitz, Arthur J. 0000-0002-3296-730X horowitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3296-730X","contributorId":1400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horowitz","given":"Arthur","email":"horowitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clarke, Robin T.","contributorId":138769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clarke","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12521,"text":"Department of Geosciences Georgia State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Merten, Gustavo Henrique","contributorId":138770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merten","given":"Gustavo","email":"","middleInitial":"Henrique","affiliations":[{"id":12522,"text":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Hydraulic Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70138204,"text":"70138204 - 2015 - Patterns of floodplain sediment deposition along the regulated lower Roanoke River, North Carolina: annual, decadal, centennial scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-15T13:12:41","indexId":"70138204","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-15T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns of floodplain sediment deposition along the regulated lower Roanoke River, North Carolina: annual, decadal, centennial scales","docAbstract":"The lower Roanoke River on the Coastal Plain of North Carolina is not embayed and maintains a floodplain that is among the largest on the mid-Atlantic Coast. This floodplain has been impacted by substantial aggradation in response to upstream colonial and post-colonial agriculture between the mid-eighteenth and mid-nineteenth centuries. Additionally, since the mid-twentieth century stream flow has been regulated by a series of high dams. We used artificial markers (clay pads), tree-ring (dendrogeomorphic) techniques, and pollen analyses to document sedimentation rates/amounts over short-, intermediate-, and long-term temporal scales, respectively. These analyses occurred along 58 transects at 378 stations throughout the lower river floodplain from near the Fall Line to the Albemarle Sound. Present sediment deposition rates ranged from 0.5 to 3.4 mm/y and 0.3 to 5.9 mm/y from clay pad and dendrogeomorphic analyses, respectively. Deposition rates systematically increased from upstream (high banks and floodplain) to downstream (low banks) reaches, except the lowest reaches. Conversely, legacy sediment deposition (A.D. 1725 to 1850) ranged from 5 to about 40 mm/y, downstream to upstream, respectively, and is apparently responsible for high banks upstream and large/wide levees along some of the middle stream reaches. Dam operations have selectively reduced levee deposition while facilitating continued backswamp deposition. A GIS-based model predicts 453,000 Mg of sediment is trapped annually on the floodplain and that little watershed-derived sediment reaches the Albemarle Sound. Nearly all sediment in transport and deposited is derived from the channel bed and banks. Legacy deposits (sources) and regulated discharges affect most aspects of present fluvial sedimentation dynamics. The lower river reflects complex relaxation conditions following both major human alterations, yet continues to provide the ecosystem service of sediment trapping.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.10.023","usgsCitation":"Hupp, C.R., Schenk, E.R., Kroes, D., Willard, D.A., Townsend, P.A., and Peet, R.K., 2015, Patterns of floodplain sediment deposition along the regulated lower Roanoke River, North Carolina: annual, decadal, centennial scales: Geomorphology, v. 228, p. 666-680, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.10.023.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"666","endPage":"680","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057933","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297300,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Albemarle Sound, Roanoke River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.7337646484375,\n 35.610417892730524\n ],\n [\n -77.7337646484375,\n 36.54936246839778\n ],\n [\n -76.61041259765624,\n 36.54936246839778\n ],\n [\n -76.61041259765624,\n 35.610417892730524\n ],\n [\n -77.7337646484375,\n 35.610417892730524\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"228","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2aa0e4b08de9379b314c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schenk, Edward R. 0000-0001-6886-5754 eschenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-5754","contributorId":2183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Edward","email":"eschenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kroes, Daniel 0000-0001-9104-9077 dkroes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-9077","contributorId":3830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroes","given":"Daniel","email":"dkroes@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942 dwillard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":2076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra","email":"dwillard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Townsend, Phil A.","contributorId":91329,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Townsend","given":"Phil","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peet, Robert K.","contributorId":12711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peet","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70135797,"text":"ds907 - 2015 - Estimated annual agricultural pesticide use for counties of the conterminous United States, 2008-12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T13:36:41","indexId":"ds907","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-15T08:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"907","title":"Estimated annual agricultural pesticide use for counties of the conterminous United States, 2008-12","docAbstract":"Annual county-level pesticide use was estimated for 423 herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides applied to agricultural crops grown in the conterminous United States during 2008–12. For all States except California, pesticide-use data were compiled from proprietary surveys of farm operations located within U.S. Department of Agriculture Crop Reporting Districts (CRDs). Surveyed pesticide-use data were used in conjunction with county annual harvested-crop acres reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture 2007 and 2012 Censuses of Agriculture and the 2008–11 County Agricultural Production Survey to calculate use rates per harvested-crop acre, or an “estimated pesticide use” (EPest) rate, for each crop by year. County-use estimates were then calculated by multiplying EPest rates by harvested-crop acres for each pesticide crop combination. Use estimates for California were obtained from annual Department of Pesticide Regulation-Pesticide Use Reports.
\nProprietary surveyed pesticide-use data were not available for all CRDs and years. When pesticide-survey data were unavailable for a CRD in a particular year, EPest extrapolated rates were calculated from adjoining or nearby CRDs to ensure that pesticide use was estimated for all counties where harvested-crop acres were reported. Two estimation methods were used—EPest-low and EPest high—and differed in how they treated situations when a CRD was surveyed and pesticide use was not reported for a particular pesticide-by-crop combination. California pesticide-use estimates were not extrapolated; therefore, EPest-low and EPest-high are the same for counties in California.
\nThis data series is a continuation of the 1992–2009 pesticide-use estimates reported by Stone (2013). It is an update of estimates for 2008–9 (Stone, 2013), as well as an update of the 2010–11 preliminary estimates reported by Baker and Stone (2013). EPest values from these compilations (1992–2012) are suitable for making national, regional, and watershed assessments of annual pesticide use. County-level estimates are provided to make it easier to compile watershed assessments; however, users should be aware there is a greater degree of uncertainty in individual county-level estimates when compared to CRD or State-level estimates. This report provides EPest-low and EPest-high annual agricultural pesticide use for counties of the conterminous United States for 423 compounds during 2008–12 in tab-delimited files organized by compound, year, State Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) code, county FIPS code, and amount in kilograms (kg).
\nEPest-high county pesticide-use estimates were divided into tables 1 through 7 by pesticide name:
\nTable 1: 2, 4-D through Chlorantraniliprole
Table 2: Chlorethoxyfos through Diflufenzopyr
Table 3: Dimethenamid through Gibberellic acid
Table 4: Glufosinate through Metiram
Table 5: Metolachlor through Propazine
Table 6: Propiconazole through Triasulfuron
Table 7: Tribenuron methyl through Zoxamide
EPest-low county pesticide-use estimates were divided into tables 8 through 14 by pesticide name:
\nTable 8: 2, 4-D through Chlorantraniliprole
Table 9: Chlorethoxyfos through Diflufenzopyr
Table 10: Dimethenamid through Gibberellic acid
Table 11: Glufosinate through Metiram
Table 12: Metolachlor through Propazine
Table 13: Propiconazole through Triasulfuron
Table 14: Tribenuron methyl through Zoxamide
Small-bodied songbirds replenish fat reserves during migration at stopover sites where they continually encounter novel and often unpredictable environmental conditions. The ability to select and utilize high quality habitats is critical to survival and fitness. Vegetation phenology is closely linked with emergence of insect prey and may provide valid cues of food availability for stopover habitat selection. Climate change is disrupting phenological synchrony across trophic levels with negative impacts on bird populations. However, whether synchrony or mismatch indicates historic or disrupted systems remains unclear. Many Neotropical migratory songbirds of western North America must cross arid regions where drought conditions related to climate change and human water use are expected to increase. We studied migrant abundance and the diversity (niche breadth) and proportional use of vegetation species as foraging substrates and their synchrony with vegetation flowering during spring migration along the lower Colorado River in the Sonoran Desert of the U.S. and Mexico.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies in Avian Biology book series","language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press Taylor Francis Group","usgsCitation":"Kellermann, J.L., and van Riper, C., 2015, Phenological synchrony of bird migration with tree flowering at desert riparian stopover sites, chap. of Studies in Avian Biology book series, p. 133-144.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"144","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033638","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298949,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.taylorandfrancis.com/books/details/9781482240306/"},{"id":310071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56261480e4b0fb9a11dd764a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellermann, Jherime L.","contributorId":139843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kellermann","given":"Jherime","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13292,"text":"Ecology & Evolutionary Biology ,University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70135044,"text":"sir20145225 - 2015 - A summary of the benthic-invertebrate and fish-community data from streams in the Indianapolis metropolitan area, Indiana, 1981-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-14T15:09:59","indexId":"sir20145225","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-14T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5225","title":"A summary of the benthic-invertebrate and fish-community data from streams in the Indianapolis metropolitan area, Indiana, 1981-2012","docAbstract":"Intermittently, during 1981–2012, the U.S. Geological Survey sampled sites in the White River and several tributaries in the Indianapolis metropolitan area of Indiana for benthic invertebrates and fish communities. During 1981–87, one study focused on benthic-invertebrate data collection at three sites along the White River. During 1994–96, 21 sites were sampled for benthic invertebrates; after 1999, up to 13 sites were sampled for benthic invertebrates and fish communities. The information collected during these studies was used in conjunction with the Indianapolis Department of Public Works and CWA Authority, Inc., programs to help improve overall health of the White River and its tributaries by reducing combined sewer overflows and other point and non-point sources of pollution in the Indianapolis area.
\nBeginning in 1994, the Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) Index and Hilsenhoff Biotic Index (HBI) were calculated. Beginning in 1999, the Invertebrate Community Index (ICI) also was calculated from the benthic-invertebrate data. Fish-community data were collected periodically from 1999 to 2012, from which an Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) was calculated.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145225","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indianapolis Department of Public Works, and CWA Authority, Inc.","usgsCitation":"Voelker, D.C., Bunch, A.R., Dobrowolski, E.G., and Shoda, M.E., 2015, A summary of the benthic-invertebrate and fish-community data from streams in the Indianapolis metropolitan area, Indiana, 1981-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5225, v, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145225.","productDescription":"v, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1981-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-052898","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297252,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145225.jpg"},{"id":297251,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5225/pdf/sir2014-5225.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.15 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":297247,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5225/"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Albers equal area projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Indianapolis","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.627197265625,\n 39.21523130910493\n ],\n [\n -86.627197265625,\n 40.36328834091583\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 40.36328834091583\n ],\n [\n -84.814453125,\n 39.21523130910493\n ],\n [\n -86.627197265625,\n 39.21523130910493\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a4ee4b08de9379b2fd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voelker, David C. dvoelker@usgs.gov","contributorId":278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voelker","given":"David","email":"dvoelker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunch, Aubrey R. 0000-0002-2453-3624 aurbunch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2453-3624","contributorId":4351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunch","given":"Aubrey","email":"aurbunch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dobrowolski, Edward G. 0000-0001-9840-4609 edobrowo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9840-4609","contributorId":5555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobrowolski","given":"Edward","email":"edobrowo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shoda, Megan E. 0000-0002-5343-9717 meshoda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5343-9717","contributorId":4352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoda","given":"Megan","email":"meshoda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70137978,"text":"70137978 - 2015 - Total- and methyl-mercury concentrations and methylation rates across the freshwater to hypersaline continuum of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T16:28:39","indexId":"70137978","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-14T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Total- and methyl-mercury concentrations and methylation rates across the freshwater to hypersaline continuum of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA","docAbstract":"We examined mercury (Hg) speciation in water and sediment of the Great Salt Lake and surrounding wetlands, a locale spanning fresh to hypersaline and oxic to anoxic conditions, in order to test the hypothesis that spatial and temporal variations in Hg concentration and methylation rates correspond to observed spatial and temporal trends in Hg burdens previously reported in biota. Water column, sediment, and pore water concentrations of methylmercury (MeHg) and total mercury (THg), as well as related aquatic chemical parameters were examined. Inorganic Hg(II)-methylation rates were determined in selected water column and sediment subsamples spiked with inorganic divalent mercury (204Hg(II)). Net production of Me204Hg was expressed as apparent first-order rate constants for methylation (kmeth), which were also expanded to MeHg production potential (MPP) rates via combination with tin reducible ‘reactive’ Hg(II) (Hg(II)R) as a proxy for bioavailable Hg(II). Notable findings include: 1) elevated Hg concentrations previously reported in birds and brine flies were spatially proximal to the measured highest MeHg concentrations, the latter occurring in the anoxic deep brine layer (DBL) of the Great Salt Lake; 2) timing of reduced Hg(II)-methylation rates in the DBL (according to both kmeth and MPP) coincides with reduced Hg burdens among aquatic invertebrates (brine shrimp and brine flies) that act as potential vectors of Hg propagation to the terrestrial ecosystem; 3) values ofkmeth were found to fall within the range reported by other studies; and 4) MPP rates were on the lower end of the range reported in methodologically comparable studies, suggesting the possibility that elevated MeHg in the anoxic deep brine layer results from its accumulation and persistence in this quasi-isolated environment, due to the absence of light (restricting abiotic photo demethylation) and/or minimal microbiological demethylation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.092","usgsCitation":"Johnson, W.P., Swanson, N., Black, B., Rudd, A., Carling, G., Fernandez, D.P., Luft, J., Van Leeuwen, J., and Marvin-DiPasquale, M.C., 2015, Total- and methyl-mercury concentrations and methylation rates across the freshwater to hypersaline continuum of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA: Science of the Total Environment, v. 511, p. 489-500, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.092.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"489","endPage":"500","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062111","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297249,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.77740478515624,\n 40.576412521044425\n ],\n [\n -112.77740478515624,\n 41.69752591075902\n ],\n [\n -111.75567626953124,\n 41.69752591075902\n ],\n [\n -111.75567626953124,\n 40.576412521044425\n ],\n [\n -112.77740478515624,\n 40.576412521044425\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"511","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2ac3e4b08de9379b31eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, William P.","contributorId":107288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swanson, Neil","contributorId":138698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swanson","given":"Neil","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12499,"text":"Univ. of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Black, Brooks","contributorId":138699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Black","given":"Brooks","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12499,"text":"Univ. of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rudd, Abigail","contributorId":138700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rudd","given":"Abigail","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12500,"text":"Brooks-Rand LLC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carling, Gregory 0000-0001-5820-125X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5820-125X","contributorId":69459,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carling","given":"Gregory","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6681,"text":"Brigham Young University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fernandez, Diego P.","contributorId":138701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernandez","given":"Diego","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12499,"text":"Univ. of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Luft, John","contributorId":138702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luft","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12501,"text":"State of Utah Division of Wildlife Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Van Leeuwen, Jim","contributorId":138703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Leeuwen","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12501,"text":"State of Utah Division of Wildlife Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark C. 0000-0002-8186-9167 mmarvin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8186-9167","contributorId":1485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marvin-DiPasquale","given":"Mark","email":"mmarvin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70137977,"text":"70137977 - 2015 - Landslide mobility and hazards: implications of the 2014 Oso disaster","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-14T14:04:32","indexId":"70137977","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-14T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landslide mobility and hazards: implications of the 2014 Oso disaster","docAbstract":"Landslides reflect landscape instability that evolves over meteorological and geological timescales, and they also pose threats to people, property, and the environment. The severity of these threats depends largely on landslide speed and travel distance, which are collectively described as landslide “mobility”. To investigate causes and effects of mobility, we focus on a disastrous landslide that occurred on 22 March 2014 near Oso, Washington, USA, following a long period of abnormally wet weather. The landslide's impacts were severe because its mobility exceeded that of prior historical landslides at the site, and also exceeded that of comparable landslides elsewhere. The ∼8×106 m3 landslide originated on a gently sloping (<20°) riverside bluff only 180 m high, yet it traveled across the entire ∼1 km breadth of the adjacent floodplain and spread laterally a similar distance. Seismological evidence indicates that high-speed, flowing motion of the landslide began after about 50 s of preliminary slope movement, and observational evidence supports the hypothesis that the high mobility of the landslide resulted from liquefaction of water-saturated sediment at its base. Numerical simulation of the event using a newly developed model indicates that liquefaction and high mobility can be attributed to compression- and/or shear-induced sediment contraction that was strongly dependent on initial conditions. An alternative numerical simulation indicates that the landslide would have been far less mobile if its initial porosity and water content had been only slightly lower. Sensitive dependence of landslide mobility on initial conditions has broad implications for assessment of landslide hazards.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.020","usgsCitation":"Iverson, R.M., George, D.L., Allstadt, K., Reid, M.E., Collins, B.D., Vallance, J.W., Schilling, S.P., Godt, J.W., Cannon, C., Magirl, C.S., Baum, R.L., Coe, J.A., Schulz, W.H., and Bower, J.B., 2015, Landslide mobility and hazards: implications of the 2014 Oso disaster: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 412, p. 197-208, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.020.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057147","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297246,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Oso","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.85593128204344,\n 48.271597036521754\n ],\n [\n -121.85593128204344,\n 48.287990412094665\n ],\n [\n -121.83001041412354,\n 48.287990412094665\n ],\n [\n -121.83001041412354,\n 48.271597036521754\n ],\n [\n -121.85593128204344,\n 48.271597036521754\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"412","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a8fe4b08de9379b30f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 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E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reid, Mark E. 0000-0002-5595-1503 mreid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-1503","contributorId":1167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Mark","email":"mreid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Collins, Brian D. bcollins@usgs.gov","contributorId":2406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Brian","email":"bcollins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vallance, James W. 0000-0002-3083-5469 jvallance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5469","contributorId":547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallance","given":"James","email":"jvallance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schilling, Steve P. sschilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"Steve","email":"sschilli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Cannon, Charles ccannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":4471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Charles","email":"ccannon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Magirl, Christopher S. 0000-0002-9922-6549 magirl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6549","contributorId":1822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Magirl","given":"Christopher","email":"magirl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Schulz, William H. 0000-0001-9980-3580 wschulz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9980-3580","contributorId":942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"William","email":"wschulz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Bower, J. Brent","contributorId":138697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bower","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Brent","affiliations":[{"id":12498,"text":"NOAA National Weather Service, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70137971,"text":"70137971 - 2015 - Quantifying water requirements of riparian river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia: Implications for the management of environmental flows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T11:40:40","indexId":"70137971","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-14T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying water requirements of riparian river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia: Implications for the management of environmental flows","docAbstract":"Water resource development and drought have altered river flow regimes, increasing average flood return intervals across floodplains in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia, causing health declines in riparian river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) forests and woodlands. Environmental flow allocations helped to alleviate water stress during the recent Millennium Drought (1997–2010), however, quantification of the flood frequency required to support healthy E. camaldulensis communities is still needed. We quantified water requirements of E. camaldulensis for two years across a flood gradient (trees inundated at frequencies of 1:2, 1:5 and 1:10 years) at Yanga National Park, New South Wales to help inform management decision-making and design of environmental flows. Sap flow, evaporative losses and soil moisture measurements were used to determine transpiration, evapotranspiration and plant-available soil water before and after flooding. A formula was developed using plant-available soil water post-flooding and average annual rainfall, to estimate maintenance time of soil water reserves in each flood frequency zone. Results indicated that soil water reserves could sustain 1:2 and 1:5 trees for 15 months and six years, respectively. Trees regulated their transpiration rates, allowing them to persist within their flood frequency zone, and showed reduction in active sapwood area and transpiration rates when flood frequencies exceeded 1:2 years. A leaf area index of 0.5 was identified as a potential threshold indicator of severe drought stress. Our results suggest environmental water managers may have greater flexibility to adaptively manage floodplains in order to sustain E. camaldulensis forests and woodlands than has been appreciated hitherto.
The rural and unregulated Llano River watershed located in central Texas, USA, has a highly variable flow regime and a wide range of instantaneous peak flows. Abrupt transitions in surface lithology exist along the main-stem channel course. Both of these characteristics afford an opportunity to examine hydrologic, lithologic, and sedimentary controls on downstream changes in channel morphology. Field surveys of channel topography and boundary composition are coupled with sediment analyses, hydraulic computations, flood-frequency analyses, and geographic information system mapping to discern controls on channel geometry (profile, pattern, and shape) and dimensions along the mixed alluvial-bedrock Llano River and key tributaries. Four categories of channel classification in a downstream direction include: (i) uppermost ephemeral reaches, (ii) straight or sinuous gravel-bed channels in Cretaceous carbonate sedimentary zones, (iii) straight or sinuous gravel-bed or bedrock channels in Paleozoic sedimentary zones, and (iv) straight, braided, or multithread mixed alluvial–bedrock channels with sandy beds in Precambrian igneous and metamorphic zones. Principal findings include: (i) a nearly linear channel profile attributed to resistant bedrock incision checkpoints; (ii) statistically significant correlations of both alluvial sinuosity and valley confinement to relatively high f (mean depth) hydraulic geometry values; (iii) relatively high b (width) hydraulic geometry values in partly confined settings with sinuous channels upstream from a prominent incision checkpoint; (iv) different functional flow categories including frequently occurring events (< 1.5-year return periods) that mobilize channel-bed material and less frequent events that determine bankfull channel (1.5- to 3-year return periods) and macrochannel (10- to 40-year return periods) dimensions; (v) macrochannels with high f values (most ≤ 0.45) that develop at sites with unit stream power values in excess of 200 watts per square meter (W/m2); and (vi) downstream convergence of hydraulic geometry exponents for bankfull and macrochannels, explained by co-increases of flood magnitude and noncohesive sandy sediments that collectively minimize development of alluvial bankfull indicators. Collectively, these findings indicate that mixed alluvial–bedrock channels exhibit first-order lithologic controls (lithologic resistance and valley confinement) of channel geometry, second-order hydrologic (flow regime) control of channel dimensions, and third-order sedimentary controls that exert subsidiary influence on channel shape and bed configuration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.12.033","usgsCitation":"Heitmuller, F.T., Hudson, P.F., and Asquith, W.H., 2015, Lithologic and hydrologic controls of mixed alluvial-bedrock channels in flood-prone fluvial systems: bankfull and macrochannels in the Llano River watershed, central Texas, USA: Geomorphology, v. 232, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.12.033.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059853","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297224,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Llano River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.56658935546875,\n 30.36102635890718\n ],\n [\n -98.56658935546875,\n 30.958768570779846\n ],\n [\n -97.83050537109375,\n 30.958768570779846\n ],\n [\n -97.83050537109375,\n 30.36102635890718\n ],\n [\n -98.56658935546875,\n 30.36102635890718\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"232","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a92e4b08de9379b3100","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.12.033","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.12.033","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Heitmuller Franklin T., Hudson Paul F., Asquith William H.","journalName":"Geomorphology","publicationDate":"3/2015","auditedOn":"2/13/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heitmuller, Frank T.","contributorId":138602,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heitmuller","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12460,"text":"The University of Southern Mississippi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hudson, Paul F.","contributorId":138603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12461,"text":"Leiden University College The Hague","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70125399,"text":"sir20145158 - 2015 - Baseline water-quality sampling to infer nutrient and contaminant sources at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Island of Hawai‘i, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-27T09:34:15","indexId":"sir20145158","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-14T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5158","title":"Baseline water-quality sampling to infer nutrient and contaminant sources at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Island of Hawai‘i, 2009","docAbstract":"Baseline water-quality sampling was conducted for dissolved nutrients and for chemical and isotopic tracers at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park on the Island of Hawai'i. Existing and future urbanization in the surrounding areas have the potential to affect water quality in the Park, and so the National Park Service and the U.S. Geological Survey designed a water-sampling strategy to document baseline conditions against which future changes can be compared. Sites in and near the Park were sampled twice, in July and December 2009, and included four anchialine pools, two large fishponds, five monitoring wells, an upland production well, tap water, and a holding pond for golf-course irrigation water. Water samples within the coastal park were brackish, ranging in salinity from 15 to 67 percent seawater. Samples were analyzed for dissolved inorganic nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), stable isotopes (nitrogen and oxygen in dissolved nitrate; hydrogen and oxygen in the water molecule), pharmaceuticals, wastewater compounds, and volatile organic compounds. A case of acute, but temporary, fertilizer contamination was evident along the Park's north boundary during the turf grow-in period of a newly constructed golf course. A maximum nitrogen concentration 280 percent above background level was measured in monitoring well MW401 in July, later falling to 109 percent above background by December. Two nearby sites (MW400 and AP 144) had nitrogen concentrations that were elevated compared to remaining sites but less severely than at MW401. Aside from this localized fertilizer influence, other water samples had lower nutrient enrichments: 40 percent or less above background for nitrogen and 57 percent or less above background for phosphorus. Background was defined in this study by a graphical mixing line between saltwater from a deep well in the Park and freshwater at a reference well in the mountainous uplands (Honokōhau production well, at 1,675 ft altitude). Potential nutrient sources between the uplands and coastal lowlands that could contribute to enrichment include rock weathering, natural vegetation, fertilizers, septic leachate, and atmospheric deposition – including motor-vehicle exhaust.
\nSome fraction of septic leachate is expected in groundwater because there are unsewered suburban and commercial developments upslope from the Park that rely on cesspools and septic systems. However, stable isotopes of nitrate did not implicate septic-waste nitrogen (heavy δ15N values on the order of +10 per mil or greater). Instead, the heaviest δ15N values of +6 to +8 per mil were associated with the large fishponds, likely as a result of biotic cycling. Water samples with δ15N values of +3 to +5 per mil were still isotopically heavier than the upland groundwater value of +2 per mil and likely reflect addition of heavier nitrogen, possibly from septic sources, nitrogen-fixing vegetation, or vehicular exhaust. Pharmaceuticals, wastewater compounds, and volatile organic compounds indicated that if contamination is present, it appears to be at low, barely detectable, levels--at least as reflected by the results of this study. The most diagnostic indication of septic contamination was at monitoring well KAHO 2, closest to Kaloko Light Industrial Park, where three pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, and thiobendazole) were detected at trace-level parts-per-trillion concentrations. A screening-level test for laundry fabric brighteners indicated positive detection at most sites; however, readings were quite low and if laundry graywater is present, it appears to be a small, dilute fraction. Because the weather was persistently dry throughout the study period, the USGS team was unable to conduct a wet-weather “storm” sampling. Wet-weather results are expected to differ from those reported here, though by how much remains unknown.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145158","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Hunt, C.D., 2015, Baseline water-quality sampling to infer nutrient and contaminant sources at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Island of Hawai‘i, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5158, Report: vii, 52 p.; 2 Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145158.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 52 p.; 2 Tables","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-029480","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297214,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145158.gif"},{"id":297211,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5158/downloads/sir2014-5158_report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":297212,"rank":3,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5158/downloads/sir2014-5158_table3.xlsx","text":"Table 3","size":"48 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 3","linkHelpText":"Laboratory results and field measurements for water samples collected at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Island of Hawai‘i, July 23-28, 2009."},{"id":297213,"rank":4,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5158/downloads/sir2014-5158_table4.xlsx","text":"Table 4","size":"46 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Table 4","linkHelpText":"Laboratory results and field measurements for water samples collected at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Island of Hawai‘i, November 30-December 2, 2009."},{"id":297210,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5158/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai‘i","otherGeospatial":"Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.06903076171875,\n 19.598606721590237\n ],\n [\n -156.06903076171875,\n 19.73697619787738\n ],\n [\n -155.94268798828125,\n 19.73697619787738\n ],\n [\n -155.94268798828125,\n 19.598606721590237\n ],\n [\n -156.06903076171875,\n 19.598606721590237\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a58e4b08de9379b2ff7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Charles D. 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Understanding the relative changes in subsurface fluid pressures is important for systems, such as Devil's Slide, where slope creep can be interrupted by episodic slip events. Surface mapping, exploratory core, tunnel excavation records, and dip meter data were leveraged to conceptualize the parameter space for three-dimensional (3D) Devil's Slide-like simulations. Field observations (i.e. seepage meter, water retention, and infiltration experiments; well records; and piezometric data) and groundwater flow simulation (i.e. one-dimensional vertical, transient, and variably saturated) were used to design the boundary conditions for 3D Devil's Slide-like problems. Twenty-four simulations of steady-state saturated subsurface flow were conducted in a concept-development mode. Recharge, heterogeneity, and anisotropy are shown to increase fluid pressures for failure-prone locations by up to 18.1, 4.5, and 1.8% respectively. Previous estimates of slope stability, driven by simple water balances, are significantly improved upon with the fluid pressures reported here. The results, for a Devil's Slide-like system, provide a foundation for future investigations
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Chichester, England","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10267","usgsCitation":"Thomas, M.A., Loague, K., and Voss, C.I., 2015, Fluid pressure responses for a Devil's Slide-like system: problem formulation and simulation: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 6, p. 1450-1465, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10267.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1450","endPage":"1465","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057308","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297209,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.52433776855469,\n 37.57070524233116\n ],\n [\n -122.52433776855469,\n 37.586554436599386\n ],\n [\n -122.51051902770996,\n 37.586554436599386\n ],\n [\n -122.51051902770996,\n 37.57070524233116\n ],\n [\n -122.52433776855469,\n 37.57070524233116\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a79e4b08de9379b308f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Matthew A.","contributorId":138657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12482,"text":"Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Building 320, Stanford, California 94305-2115, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loague, Keith","contributorId":22408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loague","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70134307,"text":"tm3B10 - 2015 - U.S. Geological Survey groundwater toolbox, a graphical and mapping interface for analysis of hydrologic data (version 1.0): user guide for estimation of base flow, runoff, and groundwater recharge from streamflow data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-13T15:17:29","indexId":"tm3B10","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-13T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3-B10","title":"U.S. Geological Survey groundwater toolbox, a graphical and mapping interface for analysis of hydrologic data (version 1.0): user guide for estimation of base flow, runoff, and groundwater recharge from streamflow data","docAbstract":"This report is a user guide for the streamflow-hydrograph analysis methods provided with version 1.0 of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Groundwater Toolbox computer program. These include six hydrograph-separation methods to determine the groundwater-discharge (base-flow) and surface-runoff components of streamflow—the Base-Flow Index (BFI; Standard and Modified), HYSEP (Fixed Interval, Sliding Interval, and Local Minimum), and PART methods—and the RORA recession-curve displacement method and associated RECESS program to estimate groundwater recharge from streamflow data. The Groundwater Toolbox is a customized interface built on the nonproprietary, open source MapWindow geographic information system software. The program provides graphing, mapping, and analysis capabilities in a Microsoft Windows computing environment. In addition to the four hydrograph-analysis methods, the Groundwater Toolbox allows for the retrieval of hydrologic time-series data (streamflow, groundwater levels, and precipitation) from the USGS National Water Information System, downloading of a suite of preprocessed geographic information system coverages and meteorological data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Climatic Data Center, and analysis of data with several preprocessing and postprocessing utilities. With its data retrieval and analysis tools, the Groundwater Toolbox provides methods to estimate many of the components of the water budget for a hydrologic basin, including precipitation; streamflow; base flow; runoff; groundwater recharge; and total, groundwater, and near-surface evapotranspiration.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section B: Ground-water techniques in Book 3 Applications of Hydraulics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm3B10","usgsCitation":"Barlow, P.M., Cunningham, W.L., Zhai, T., and Gray, M., 2015, U.S. Geological Survey groundwater toolbox, a graphical and mapping interface for analysis of hydrologic data (version 1.0): user guide for estimation of base flow, runoff, and groundwater recharge from streamflow data: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 3-B10, Report: vii, 27 p.; Groundwater Toolbox, https://doi.org/10.3133/tm3B10.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 27 p.; Groundwater Toolbox","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-056037","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297199,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm3B10.jpg"},{"id":297197,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/03/b10/pdf/tm3-b10.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.83 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":297198,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/ogw/gwtoolbox/","text":"Groundwater Toolbox","description":"Groundwater Toolbox","linkHelpText":"A graphical and mapping interface for analysis of hydrologic data"},{"id":297196,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/03/b10/"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 10 of Section B: Ground-water techniques in Book 3 Applications of Hydraulics.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2ac4e4b08de9379b31f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunningham, William L. wcunning@usgs.gov","contributorId":1198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"William","email":"wcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhai, Tong","contributorId":127595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhai","given":"Tong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7072,"text":"Aqua Terra Consultants","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gray, Mark","contributorId":127594,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7072,"text":"Aqua Terra Consultants","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":525801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70137345,"text":"fs20153003 - 2015 - Organic matters: Investigating the sources, transport, and fate of organic matter in Fanno Creek, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-25T21:01:27.670698","indexId":"fs20153003","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-13T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3003","title":"Organic matters: Investigating the sources, transport, and fate of organic matter in Fanno Creek, Oregon","docAbstract":"The term organic matter refers to the remnants of all living material. This can include fallen leaves, yard waste, animal waste, downed timber, or the remains of any other plant and animal life. Organic matter is abundant both on land and in water. Investigating organic matter is necessary for understanding the fate and transport of carbon (a major constituent of organic matter).
\nOrganic matter is necessary for maintaining a healthy ecosystem. It participates in a wide range of ecological functions, such as supplying food to the microbes that are part of the foundation of the food chain. Organic matter also plays a role in many other natural functions, including the binding and transport of some trace metals and controlling how light is absorbed in the water column. Organic matter in a stream can be found in many places, such as in the leaves that have fallen from a tree (termed \"leaf litter\"), in algae floating in the stream or attached to rocks, as part of the soil, or even suspended or dissolved in the water.
\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with Clean Water Services, recently completed an investigation into the sources, transport, and fate of organic matter in the Fanno Creek watershed. The information provided by this investigation will help resource managers to implement strategies aimed at decreasing the excess supply of organic matter that contributes to low dissolved-oxygen levels in Fanno Creek and downstream in the Tualatin River during summer. This fact sheet summarizes the findings of the investigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153003","collaboration":"Clean Water Services","usgsCitation":"Sobieszczyk, S., Keith, M., Goldman, J.H., and Rounds, S.A., 2015, Organic matters: investigating the sources, transport, and fate of organic matter in Fanno Creek, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3003, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153003.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059566","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297153,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20153003.png"},{"id":297152,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3003/pdf/fs2015-3003.pdf","size":"1.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":297151,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3003/"},{"id":506067,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_101206.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Fanno Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.87246704101562,\n 45.333805815475024\n ],\n [\n -122.87246704101562,\n 45.566948210863636\n ],\n [\n -122.49893188476561,\n 45.566948210863636\n ],\n [\n -122.49893188476561,\n 45.333805815475024\n ],\n [\n -122.87246704101562,\n 45.333805815475024\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a9fe4b08de9379b3148","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sobieszczyk, Steven 0000-0002-0834-8437 ssobie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0834-8437","contributorId":885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sobieszczyk","given":"Steven","email":"ssobie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keith, Mackenzie K. 0000-0002-7239-0576 mkeith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7239-0576","contributorId":138533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"Mackenzie K.","email":"mkeith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":537754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldman, Jami H. 0000-0001-5466-912X jgoldman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5466-912X","contributorId":4848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldman","given":"Jami","email":"jgoldman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rounds, Stewart A. 0000-0002-8540-2206 sarounds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-2206","contributorId":905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rounds","given":"Stewart","email":"sarounds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70116797,"text":"ds868 - 2015 - Data regarding hydraulic fracturing distributions and treatment fluids, additives, proppants, and water volumes applied to wells drilled in the United States from 1947 through 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T14:34:47","indexId":"ds868","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-13T08:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"868","title":"Data regarding hydraulic fracturing distributions and treatment fluids, additives, proppants, and water volumes applied to wells drilled in the United States from 1947 through 2010","docAbstract":"Comprehensive, published, and publicly available data regarding the extent, location, and character of hydraulic fracturing in the United States are scarce. The objective of this data series is to publish data related to hydraulic fracturing in the public domain. The spreadsheets released with this data series contain derivative datasets aggregated temporally and spatially from the commercial and proprietary IHS database of U.S. oil and gas production and well data (IHS Energy, 2011). These datasets, served in 21 spreadsheets in Microsoft Excel (.xlsx) format, outline the geographical distributions of hydraulic fracturing treatments and associated wells (including well drill-hole directions) as well as water volumes, proppants, treatment fluids, and additives used in hydraulic fracturing treatments in the United States from 1947 through 2010. This report also describes the data—extraction/aggregation processing steps, field names and descriptions, field types and sources. An associated scientific investigation report (Gallegos and Varela, 2014) provides a detailed analysis of the data presented in this data series and comparisons of the data and trends to the literature.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds868","usgsCitation":"Gallegos, T.J., and Varela, B.A., 2015, Data regarding hydraulic fracturing distributions and treatment fluids, additives, proppants, and water volumes applied to wells drilled in the United States from 1947 through 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 868, Report: iv, 11 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds868.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 11 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1947-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-050902","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297145,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0868/"},{"id":297146,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0868/pdf/ds868.pdf","text":"Report","size":"292 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":297147,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0868/downloads","text":"Downloads Directory","description":"Downloads Directory","linkHelpText":"Contains: spreadsheets in Microsoft Excel format for Volumes, Distributions, Wells, Treatments, and Keys."},{"id":297154,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds868.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -177.71484375,\n 24.5271348225978\n ],\n [\n -177.71484375,\n 71.52490903732816\n ],\n [\n -66.09375,\n 71.52490903732816\n ],\n [\n -66.09375,\n 24.5271348225978\n ],\n [\n -177.71484375,\n 24.5271348225978\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a63e4b08de9379b3034","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gallegos, Tanya J. 0000-0003-3350-6473 tgallegos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-6473","contributorId":2206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"Tanya","email":"tgallegos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Varela, Brian A. 0000-0001-9849-6742 bvarela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9849-6742","contributorId":5058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varela","given":"Brian","email":"bvarela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70116798,"text":"sir20145131 - 2015 - Trends in hydraulic fracturing distributions and treatment fluids, additives, proppants, and water volumes applied to wells drilled in the United States from 1947 through 2010: data analysis and comparison to the literature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T14:35:30","indexId":"sir20145131","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-12T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5131","title":"Trends in hydraulic fracturing distributions and treatment fluids, additives, proppants, and water volumes applied to wells drilled in the United States from 1947 through 2010: data analysis and comparison to the literature","docAbstract":"Hydraulic fracturing is presently the primary stimulation technique for oil and gas production in low-permeability, unconventional reservoirs. Comprehensive, published, and publicly available information regarding the extent, location, and character of hydraulic fracturing in the United States is scarce. This national spatial and temporal analysis of data on nearly 1 million hydraulically fractured wells and 1.8 million fracturing treatment records from 1947 through 2010 (aggregated in Data Series 868) is used to identify hydraulic fracturing trends in drilling methods and use of proppants, treatment fluids, additives, and water in the United States. These trends are compared to the literature in an effort to establish a common understanding of the differences in drilling methods, treatment fluids, and chemical additives and of how the newer technology has affected the water use volumes and areal distribution of hydraulic fracturing. Historically, Texas has had the highest number of records of hydraulic fracturing treatments and associated wells in the United States documented in the datasets described herein. Water-intensive horizontal/directional drilling has also increased from 6 percent of new hydraulically fractured wells drilled in the United States in 2000 to 42 percent of new wells drilled in 2010. Increases in horizontal drilling also coincided with the emergence of water-based “slick water” fracturing fluids. As such, the most current hydraulic fracturing materials and methods are notably different from those used in previous decades and have contributed to the development of previously inaccessible unconventional oil and gas production target areas, namely in shale and tight-sand reservoirs. Publicly available derivative datasets and locations developed from these analyses are described.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145131","usgsCitation":"Gallegos, T.J., and Varela, B.A., 2015, Trends in hydraulic fracturing distributions and treatment fluids, additives, proppants, and water volumes applied to wells drilled in the United States from 1947 through 2010: data analysis and comparison to the literature: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5131, iv, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145131.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050903","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297130,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145131.jpg"},{"id":297129,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5131/pdf/sir2014-5131.pdf#"},{"id":297128,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5131/"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2ac3e4b08de9379b31ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gallegos, Tanya J. 0000-0003-3350-6473 tgallegos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-6473","contributorId":2206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallegos","given":"Tanya","email":"tgallegos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Varela, Brian A. 0000-0001-9849-6742 bvarela@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9849-6742","contributorId":5058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varela","given":"Brian","email":"bvarela@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70074687,"text":"70074687 - 2015 - Predation on native sculpin by exotic brown trout exceeds that by native cutthroat trout within a mountain watershed (Logan, UT, USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-24T10:07:50","indexId":"70074687","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predation on native sculpin by exotic brown trout exceeds that by native cutthroat trout within a mountain watershed (Logan, UT, USA)","docAbstract":"We explored potential negative effects of exotic brown trout (Salmo trutta) on native sculpin (Cottus sp.) on the Logan River, Utah, USA by (i) examining factors most strongly correlated with sculpin abundance (e.g., abiotic conditions or piscivory?), (ii) contrasting the extent of brown trout predation on sculpin with that by native cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii utah) and (iii) estimating the number of sculpin consumed by brown trout along an elevational gradient using bioenergetics. Abundance of sculpin across reaches showed a strong (r ≥ 0.40) and significant (P < 0.05) correlation with physical variables describing width (positive) and gradient (negative), but not with abundance of piscivorous brown trout or cutthroat trout. In mainstem reaches containing sculpin, we found fish in 0% of age‐1, 10% of age‐2 and 33% of age‐3 and older brown trout diets. Approximately 81% of fish consumed by brown trout were sculpin. Despite a similar length–gape relationship for native cutthroat trout, we found only two fish (one sculpin and one unknown) in the diets of native cutthroat trout similar in size to age‐3 brown trout. Based on bioenergetics, we estimate that an average large (> 260 mm) brown trout consumes as many as 34 sculpin per year. Nevertheless, results suggest that sculpin abundance in this system is controlled by abiotic factors and not brown trout predation. Additional research is needed to better understand how piscivory influences brown trout invasion success, including in‐stream experiments exploring trophic dynamics and interactions between brown trout and native prey under different environmental conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12134","usgsCitation":"Meredith, C.S., Budy, P., and Thiede, G.P., 2015, Predation on native sculpin by exotic brown trout exceeds that by native cutthroat trout within a mountain watershed (Logan, UT, USA): Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 24, no. 1, p. 133-147, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12134.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"133","endPage":"147","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042175","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":355915,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Logan River","volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fcc5de4b0f5d57878ecd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meredith, Christy S.","contributorId":197695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meredith","given":"Christy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budy, Phaedra E. 0000-0002-9918-1678 pbudy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9918-1678","contributorId":140028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"Phaedra","email":"pbudy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thiede, Gary P.","contributorId":9154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thiede","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":740758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70137253,"text":"70137253 - 2015 - Geochemical evolution of groundwater in the Mud Lake area, eastern Idaho, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-02T11:09:36","indexId":"70137253","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1534,"text":"Environmental Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical evolution of groundwater in the Mud Lake area, eastern Idaho, USA","docAbstract":"Groundwater with elevated dissolved-solids concentrations—containing large concentrations of chloride, sodium, sulfate, and calcium—is present in the Mud Lake area of Eastern Idaho. The source of these solutes is unknown; however, an understanding of the geochemical sources and processes controlling their presence in groundwater in the Mud Lake area is needed to better understand the geochemical sources and processes controlling the water quality of groundwater at the Idaho National Laboratory. The geochemical sources and processes controlling the water quality of groundwater in the Mud Lake area were determined by investigating the geology, hydrology, land use, and groundwater geochemistry in the Mud Lake area, proposing sources for solutes, and testing the proposed sources through geochemical modeling with PHREEQC. Modeling indicated that sources of water to the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer were groundwater from the Beaverhead Mountains and the Camas Creek drainage basin; surface water from Medicine Lodge and Camas Creeks, Mud Lake, and irrigation water; and upward flow of geothermal water from beneath the aquifer. Mixing of groundwater with surface water or other groundwater occurred throughout the aquifer. Carbonate reactions, silicate weathering, and dissolution of evaporite minerals and fertilizer explain most of the changes in chemistry in the aquifer. Redox reactions, cation exchange, and evaporation were locally important. The source of large concentrations of chloride, sodium, sulfate, and calcium was evaporite deposits in the unsaturated zone associated with Pleistocene Lake Terreton. Large amounts of chloride, sodium, sulfate, and calcium are added to groundwater from irrigation water infiltrating through lake bed sediments containing evaporite deposits and the resultant dissolution of gypsum, halite, sylvite, and bischofite.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12665-014-3988-9","usgsCitation":"Rattray, G.W., 2015, Geochemical evolution of groundwater in the Mud Lake area, eastern Idaho, USA: Environmental Earth Sciences, v. 73, no. 12, p. 8251-8269, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3988-9.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"8251","endPage":"8269","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054801","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3988-9","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297528,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Mud Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.09228515624999,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -117.158203125,\n 42.04929263868686\n ],\n [\n -111.005859375,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -111.11572265625,\n 44.77793589631623\n ],\n [\n -116.08154296875001,\n 48.99463598353408\n ],\n [\n -117.09228515624999,\n 49.009050809382046\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a7de4b08de9379b30a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattray, Gordon W. 0000-0002-1690-3218 grattray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1690-3218","contributorId":2521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattray","given":"Gordon","email":"grattray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70134232,"text":"ofr20141231 - 2015 - Monitoring-well installation, slug testing, and groundwater quality for selected sites in South Park, Park County, Colorado, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-26T13:07:58","indexId":"ofr20141231","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-08T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1231","title":"Monitoring-well installation, slug testing, and groundwater quality for selected sites in South Park, Park County, Colorado, 2013","docAbstract":"During May–June, 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Park County, Colorado, drilled and installed four groundwater monitoring wells in areas identified as needing new wells to provide adequate spatial coverage for monitoring water quality in the South Park basin. Lithologic logs and well-construction reports were prepared for each well, and wells were developed after drilling to remove mud and foreign material to provide for good hydraulic connection between the well and aquifer. Slug tests were performed to estimate hydraulic-conductivity values for aquifer materials in the screened interval of each well, and groundwater samples were collected from each well for analysis of major inorganic constituents, trace metals, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, volatile organic compounds, ethane, methane, and radon. Documentation of lithologic logs, well construction, well development, slug testing, and groundwater sampling are presented in this report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141231","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Park County, Colorado","usgsCitation":"Arnold, L.R., 2015, Monitoring-well installation, slug testing, and groundwater quality for selected sites in South Park, Park County, Colorado, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1231, Report: v, 32 p.; Appendixes 1-4, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141231.","productDescription":"Report: v, 32 p.; Appendixes 1-4","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2013-05-01","temporalEnd":"2013-06-30","ipdsId":"IP-054626","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297075,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141231.jpg"},{"id":297068,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1231/"},{"id":297069,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1231/pdf/ofr2014-1231.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.36 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":297070,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1231/appendix/ofr2014-1231_appendix1_logs.pdf","text":"Appendix 1","size":"109 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 1","linkHelpText":"Lithologic Logs"},{"id":297071,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1231/appendix/ofr2014-1231_appendix2_diagrams.pdf","text":"Appendix 2","size":"432 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 2","linkHelpText":"Well-Constructed Diagrams"},{"id":297072,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1231/appendix/ofr2014-1231_appendix3_development.pdf","text":"Appendix 3","size":"91 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 3","linkHelpText":"Well-Developed Records"},{"id":297073,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1231/appendix/ofr2014-1231_appendix4_qc_data.xlsx","text":"Appendix 4","size":"33 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Appendix 4","linkHelpText":"Water-Quality Control Data"}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Park County","otherGeospatial":"South Park basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.10321044921875,\n 38.700515838688716\n ],\n [\n -106.10321044921875,\n 39.42770738465604\n ],\n [\n -105.45364379882812,\n 39.42770738465604\n ],\n [\n -105.45364379882812,\n 38.700515838688716\n ],\n [\n -106.10321044921875,\n 38.700515838688716\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a9ae4b08de9379b312e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arnold, L. R. 0000-0002-5110-9642 lrarnold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5110-9642","contributorId":1307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"L.","email":"lrarnold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70140287,"text":"70140287 - 2015 - Prevalence of toxin-producing Clostridium botulinum associated with the macroalga Cladophora in three Great Lakes: Growth and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-01T12:27:24.376222","indexId":"70140287","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Prevalence of toxin-producing Clostridium botulinum associated with the macroalga Cladophora in three Great Lakes: growth and management","title":"Prevalence of toxin-producing Clostridium botulinum associated with the macroalga Cladophora in three Great Lakes: Growth and management","docAbstract":"The reemergence of avian botulism caused by Clostridium botulinum type E has been observed across the Great Lakes in recent years. Evidence suggests an association between the nuisance algae, Cladophoraspp., and C. botulinum in nearshore areas of the Great Lakes. However, the nature of the association between Cladophora and C. botulinum is not fully understood due, in part, to the complex food web interactions in this disease etiology. In this study, we extensively evaluated their association by quantitatively examining population size and serotypes of C. botulinum in algal mats collected from wide geographic areas in lakes Michigan, Ontario, and Erie in 2011–2012 and comparing them with frequencies in other matrices such as sand and water. A high prevalence (96%) of C. botulinum type E was observed inCladophora mats collected from shorelines of the Great Lakes in 2012. Among the algae samples containing detectable C. botulinum, the population size of C. Botulinum type E was 100–104 MPN/g dried algae, which was much greater (up to 103 fold) than that found in sand or the water column, indicating thatCladophora mats are sources of this pathogen. Mouse toxinantitoxin bioassays confirmed that the putativeC. botulinum belonged to the type E serotype. Steam treatment was effective in reducing or eliminating C. botulinum type E viable cells in Cladophora mats, thereby breaking the potential transmission route of toxin up to the food chain. Consequently, our data suggest that steam treatment incorporated with a beach cleaning machine may be an effective treatment of Cladophora-borne C. botulinum and may reduce bird mortality and human health risks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.080","usgsCitation":"Chun, C.L., Kahn, C.I., Borchert, A.J., Byappanahalli, M., Whitman, R.L., Peller, J.R., Pier, C., Lin, G., Johnson, E.A., and Sadowsky, M.J., 2015, Prevalence of toxin-producing Clostridium botulinum associated with the macroalga Cladophora in three Great Lakes: Growth and management: Science of the Total Environment, v. 511, p. 523-529, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.080.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"523","endPage":"529","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060741","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie, Lake Michigan, Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.715576171875,\n 45.89000815866184\n ],\n [\n -86.4404296875,\n 46.384833223492784\n ],\n [\n -88.978271484375,\n 44.071800467511565\n ],\n [\n -87.47314453125,\n 41.55792157780418\n ],\n [\n -86.407470703125,\n 41.89409955811395\n ],\n [\n -86.055908203125,\n 42.79540065303723\n ],\n [\n -84.715576171875,\n 45.89000815866184\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.507080078125,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -83.16650390625,\n 42.12267315117259\n ],\n [\n -81.243896484375,\n 42.706659563510385\n ],\n [\n -78.870849609375,\n 42.90816007196054\n ],\n [\n -79.07958984375,\n 42.52879629320373\n ],\n [\n -81.705322265625,\n 41.46742831254425\n ],\n [\n -83.056640625,\n 41.37680856570233\n ],\n [\n -83.507080078125,\n 41.705728515237524\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.837646484375,\n 43.28520334369384\n ],\n [\n -79.090576171875,\n 43.88205730390537\n ],\n [\n -76.519775390625,\n 44.32384807250689\n ],\n [\n -75.992431640625,\n 43.98491011404692\n ],\n [\n -76.22314453125,\n 43.48481212891603\n ],\n [\n -76.904296875,\n 43.229195113965005\n ],\n [\n -77.640380859375,\n 43.18915769654922\n ],\n [\n -78.42041015625,\n 43.36512572875844\n ],\n [\n -79.266357421875,\n 43.16512263158296\n ],\n [\n -79.82666015625,\n 43.25320494908846\n ],\n [\n -79.837646484375,\n 43.28520334369384\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"511","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2aa4e4b08de9379b315f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chun, Chan Lan","contributorId":43251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chun","given":"Chan","email":"","middleInitial":"Lan","affiliations":[{"id":12644,"text":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kahn, Chase I.","contributorId":139078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kahn","given":"Chase","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":12644,"text":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Borchert, Andrew J.","contributorId":139079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borchert","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12644,"text":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N. byappan@usgs.gov","contributorId":3324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byappanahalli","given":"Muruleedhara N.","email":"byappan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whitman, Richard L. rwhitman@usgs.gov","contributorId":542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"Richard","email":"rwhitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":539944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peller, Julie R.","contributorId":48889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peller","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12645,"text":"Indiana University - Northwest","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pier, Christina","contributorId":139080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pier","given":"Christina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7122,"text":"University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lin, Guangyun","contributorId":106774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Guangyun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7122,"text":"University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Johnson, Eric A.","contributorId":80158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7122,"text":"University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sadowsky, Michael J.","contributorId":34003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sadowsky","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12644,"text":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70147951,"text":"70147951 - 2015 - Multilevel learning in the adaptive management of waterfowl harvests: 20 years and counting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-08T15:00:19","indexId":"70147951","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multilevel learning in the adaptive management of waterfowl harvests: 20 years and counting","docAbstract":"In 1995, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service implemented an adaptive harvest management program (AHM) for the sport harvest of midcontinent mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). The program has been successful in reducing long-standing contentiousness in the regulatory process, while integrating science and policy in a coherent, rigorous, and transparent fashion. After 20 years, much has been learned about the relationship among waterfowl populations, their environment, and hunting regulations, with each increment of learning contributing to better management decisions. At the same time, however, much has been changing in the social, institutional, and environmental arenas that provide context for the AHM process. Declines in hunter numbers, competition from more pressing conservation issues, and global-change processes are increasingly challenging waterfowl managers to faithfully reflect the needs and desires of stakeholders, to account for an increasing number of institutional constraints, and to (probabilistically) predict the consequences of regulatory policy in a changing environment. We review the lessons learned from the AHM process so far, and describe emerging challenges and ways in which they may be addressed. We conclude that the practice of AHM has greatly increased an awareness of the roles of social values, trade-offs, and attitudes toward risk in regulatory decision-making. Nevertheless, going forward the waterfowl management community will need to focus not only on the relationships among habitat, harvest, and waterfowl populations, but on the ways in which society values waterfowl and how those values can change over time.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.518","usgsCitation":"Johnson, F.A., Boomer, G.S., Williams, B., Nichols, J., and Case, D.J., 2015, Multilevel learning in the adaptive management of waterfowl harvests: 20 years and counting: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 39, no. 1, p. 9-19, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.518.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"19","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056296","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472343,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.518","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300245,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"554dde2fe4b082ec54129f2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Fred A. 0000-0002-5854-3695 fjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-3695","contributorId":2773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred","email":"fjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boomer, G. Scott","contributorId":139565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boomer","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, Byron K.","contributorId":139564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Byron K.","affiliations":[{"id":12801,"text":"The Wildlife Society","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Case, David J.","contributorId":140653,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Case","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13543,"text":"DJ Case & Associates","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70125302,"text":"sir20145180 - 2015 - Flood-inundation maps and wetland restoration suitability index for the Blue River and selected tributaries, Kansas City, Missouri, and vicinity, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-26T13:04:17","indexId":"sir20145180","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-07T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5180","title":"Flood-inundation maps and wetland restoration suitability index for the Blue River and selected tributaries, Kansas City, Missouri, and vicinity, 2012","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 39.7-mile reach of the Blue River and selected tributaries (Brush Creek, Indian Creek, and Dyke Branch) at Kansas City, Missouri, and vicinity, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Kansas City, Missouri. The flood-inundation maps, accessed through the USGS Flood-Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/, depict estimates of the spatial extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at 15 reference streamgages and associated stream reaches in the Blue River Basin. Near-real-time stage data from the streamgages may be obtained from the USGS National Water Information System at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/ or the National Weather Service (NWS) Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) at http://water.weather.gov/ahps/, which also forecasts flood hydrographs at selected sites.
\n\n
Flood profiles were computed for each of 15 reaches by means of one-dimensional or two-dimensional hydraulic models. The models were calibrated by using the current stage-streamflow relations at 10 USGS streamgages and documented high-water marks from the flood of June 14, 2010. Hydraulic models were then used to compute water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from the National Weather Service Action stage, or near bankfull streamflow, through the stage corresponding to, or exceeding, the estimated 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability flood (500-year recurrence interval flood).
\n\n
The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system (GIS) terrain model derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) data having a vertical accuracy of less than 0.6 foot and maximum nominal horizontal post spacing of 2.46–3.28 feet to delineate the area flooded at each 1-foot increment of stage. The availability of these flood-inundation maps, along with Internet information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgages and forecasted high-flow stages from the NWS, will provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for postflood recovery efforts.
\n\n
Additional information in this report includes maps of simulated stream velocity for an 8.2-mile, two-dimensional modeled reach of the Blue River and a Wetland Restoration Suitability Index (WRSI) generated for the study area that was based on hydrologic, topographic, and land-use digital feature layers. The calculated WRSI for the selected flood-plain area ranged from 1 (least suitable for possible wetland mitigation efforts) to 10 (most suitable for possible wetland mitigation efforts). A WRSI of 5 to 10 is most closely associated with existing riparian wetlands in the study area. The WRSI allows for the identification of lands along the Blue River and selected tributaries that are most suitable for restoration or creation of wetlands. Alternatively, the index can be used to identify and avoid disturbances to areas with the highest potential to support healthy sustainable riparian wetlands.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145180","usgsCitation":"Heimann, D.C., Kelly, B.P., and Studley, S.E., 2015, Flood-inundation maps and wetland restoration suitability index for the Blue River and selected tributaries, Kansas City, Missouri, and vicinity, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5180, Report: vii, 23 p.; 7 Tables; Geospatial Data Files, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145180.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 23 p.; 7 Tables; Geospatial Data Files","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058050","costCenters":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145180.jpg"},{"id":297016,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5180/"},{"id":297017,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5180/pdf/sir2014-5180.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":297018,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5180/downloads/tables_sir2014-5180/","text":"Tables 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 8","description":"Tables"},{"id":297019,"rank":4,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5180/downloads/gis_data/","text":"Geospatial Data Files","description":"Geospatial Data Files","linkHelpText":"Contains flood-inundation shapefiles, water-depth grid files, and Wetland Restoration Suitability Index raster file"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","city":"Kansas City","otherGeospatial":"Blue River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.63348388671875,\n 39.11407918425643\n ],\n [\n -94.48104858398438,\n 39.11407918425643\n ],\n [\n -94.48791503906249,\n 39.0373196521048\n ],\n [\n -94.64035034179688,\n 39.04265287290379\n ],\n [\n -94.63348388671875,\n 39.11407918425643\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a77e4b08de9379b3087","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heimann, David C. 0000-0003-0450-2545 dheimann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0450-2545","contributorId":3822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heimann","given":"David","email":"dheimann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelly, Brian P. 0000-0001-6378-2837 bkelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-2837","contributorId":897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Brian","email":"bkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Studley, Seth E. sstudley@usgs.gov","contributorId":5916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Studley","given":"Seth","email":"sstudley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70239258,"text":"70239258 - 2015 - A crustal structure model of the Beaufort-Mackenzie Margin, southern Canada Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-05T12:58:38.495393","indexId":"70239258","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-05T06:55:11","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A crustal structure model of the Beaufort-Mackenzie Margin, southern Canada Basin","docAbstract":"Canada and the United States collaborated in geophysical survey operations in the Amerasia Basin from 2007 to 2011 using the Canadian icebreaker CCGS Louis S. St. Laurent and the US icebreaker USCGC Healy. Over 15000 km of bathymetry, sub-bottom profiles, and 16-channel seismic reflection data were acquired over the Canada Basin and Alpha Ridge. Expendable sonobuoys were deployed to collect P-wave refraction and wide angle reflection data to define the regional velocity structure of the sedimentary successions. Although the new seismic profiles tie with existing GSC multichannel seismic lines on the Beaufort Shelf, water-bottom multiples obscure direct correlation of deeper stratigraphic horizons and (at best) basement is poorly imaged.
We present a 2-D gravity and magnetic model for the southern Canada Basin margin and Beaufort-Mackenzie Basin integrating the new LSSL data with an existing deep crustal seismic reflection profile. The model crosses the slope region, where bathymetry shallows, base-of-sediments is deep, and basement is not imaged because of the water-bottom multiple. The density values used in the model are constrained by empirical relationships between velocity and density rock properties; however, magnetic susceptibility values are based on typical values for the inferred crustal lithologies. Velocity analyses of the new sonobuoy data provide constraints on the composition of the sediments, and enable quantitative mapping of continental, oceanic, and transitional domains within the Canada Basin. The 2-D gravity and magnetic forward model provides estimates for basement and Moho depths, the distribution and depths of magnetic sources, and visualization of the underlying crustal architecture controlling basin formation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"OTC Arctic Technology Conference Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"OTC Arctic Technology Conference","conferenceDate":"March 23-25, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Copenhagen, Denmark","language":"English","publisher":"One Petro","doi":"10.4043/25470-MS","usgsCitation":"Oakey, G.N., Saltus, R., and Shimeld, J.W., 2015, A crustal structure model of the Beaufort-Mackenzie Margin, southern Canada Basin, in OTC Arctic Technology Conference Proceedings, Copenhagen, Denmark, March 23-25, 2015, https://doi.org/10.4043/25470-MS.","ipdsId":"IP-061942","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411426,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148.5313622288357,\n 71.20442863543764\n ],\n [\n -148.5313622288357,\n 62.45942351557227\n ],\n [\n -129.9064593578879,\n 62.45942351557227\n ],\n [\n -129.9064593578879,\n 71.20442863543764\n ],\n [\n -148.5313622288357,\n 71.20442863543764\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oakey, Gordon N.","contributorId":300609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oakey","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":7219,"text":"Natural Resources Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saltus, Richard W. 0000-0001-6920-2936","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6920-2936","contributorId":207255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saltus","given":"Richard W.","affiliations":[{"id":37502,"text":"NOAA-NCEI, 325 Broadway, NOAA E/GC3, Office 1B507, Boulder, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shimeld, John W.","contributorId":300610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shimeld","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7219,"text":"Natural Resources Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":860943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70143081,"text":"70143081 - 2015 - Prevalence and spatio-temporal variation of an alopecia syndrome in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) of the southern Beaufort Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-20T15:33:42.68495","indexId":"70143081","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Prevalence and spatio-temporal variation of an alopecia syndrome in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) of the southern Beaufort Sea","title":"Prevalence and spatio-temporal variation of an alopecia syndrome in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) of the southern Beaufort Sea","docAbstract":"Alopecia (hair loss) has been observed in several marine mammal species and has potential energetic consequences for sustaining a normal core body temperature, especially for Arctic marine mammals routinely exposed to harsh environmental conditions. Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) rely on a thick layer of adipose tissue and a dense pelage to ameliorate convective heat loss while moving between sea ice and open water. From 1998 to 2012, we observed an alopecia syndrome in polar bears from the southern Beaufort Sea of Alaska that presented as bilaterally asymmetrical loss of guard hairs and thinning of the undercoat around the head, neck, and shoulders, which, in severe cases, was accompanied by exudation and crusted skin lesions. Alopecia was observed in 49 (3.45%) of the bears sampled during 1,421 captures, and the apparent prevalence varied by years with peaks occurring in 1999 (16%) and 2012 (28%). The probability that a bear had alopecia was greatest for subadults and for bears captured in the Prudhoe Bay region, and alopecic individuals had a lower body condition score than unaffected individuals. The cause of the syndrome remains unknown and future work should focus on identifying the causative agent and potential effects on population vital rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.7589/2013-11-301","usgsCitation":"Atwood, T.C., Peacock, E.L., Burek, K., Shearn-Bochsler, V.I., Bodenstein, B.L., Beckmen, K.B., and Durner, G.M., 2015, Prevalence and spatio-temporal variation of an alopecia syndrome in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) of the southern Beaufort Sea: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 51, no. 1, p. 48-59, https://doi.org/10.7589/2013-11-301.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055759","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.193359375,\n 68.87935761076949\n ],\n [\n -125.68359374999999,\n 68.87935761076949\n ],\n [\n -125.68359374999999,\n 73.50346063726599\n ],\n [\n -153.193359375,\n 73.50346063726599\n ],\n [\n -153.193359375,\n 68.87935761076949\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55095032e4b02e76d757e630","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peacock, Elizabeth L. 0000-0001-7279-0329 lpeacock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-0329","contributorId":3361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Elizabeth","email":"lpeacock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":542531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burek, K.A.","contributorId":82937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burek","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie I. 0000-0002-5590-6518 vbochsler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5590-6518","contributorId":3234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shearn-Bochsler","given":"Valerie","email":"vbochsler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bodenstein, Barbara L. 0000-0001-7946-0103 bbodenstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7946-0103","contributorId":4389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodenstein","given":"Barbara","email":"bbodenstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Beckmen, Kimberlee B.","contributorId":12770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beckmen","given":"Kimberlee","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Durner, George M. 0000-0002-3370-1191 gdurner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191","contributorId":3576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durner","given":"George","email":"gdurner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70198436,"text":"70198436 - 2015 - Causal factors for seismicity near Azle, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-03T15:43:08","indexId":"70198436","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T15:43:01","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Causal factors for seismicity near Azle, Texas","docAbstract":"In November 2013, a series of earthquakes began along a mapped ancient fault system near Azle, Texas. Here we assess whether it is plausible that human activity caused these earthquakes. Analysis of both lake and groundwater variations near Azle shows that no significant stress changes were associated with the shallow water table before or during the earthquake sequence. In contrast, pore-pressure models demonstrate that a combination of brine production and wastewater injection near the fault generated subsurface pressures sufficient to induce earthquakes on near-critically stressed faults. On the basis of modelling results and the absence of historical earthquakes near Azle, brine production combined with wastewater disposal represent the most likely cause of recent seismicity near Azle. For assessing the earthquake cause, our research underscores the necessity of monitoring subsurface wastewater formation pressures and monitoring earthquakes having magnitudes of ∼M2 and greater. Currently, monitoring at these levels is not standard across Texas or the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/ncomms7728","usgsCitation":"Hornbach, M.J., DeShon, H.R., Ellsworth, W.L., Stump, B.W., Hayward, C., Frohlich, C., Oldham, H.R., Olson, J.E., Magnani, M., Brokaw, C., and Luetgert, J.H., 2015, Causal factors for seismicity near Azle, Texas: Nature Communications, v. 6, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7728.","productDescription":"Article number: 6728; 11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","ipdsId":"IP-058753","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472348,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7728","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356161,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fcc5de4b0f5d57878ecdb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hornbach, Matthew J.","contributorId":14258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornbach","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeShon, Heather R.","contributorId":48540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeShon","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellsworth, William L. 0000-0001-8378-4979 ellsworth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8378-4979","contributorId":206685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"William","email":"ellsworth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stump, Brian W.","contributorId":206742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stump","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hayward, Chris","contributorId":206743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayward","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Frohlich, Cliff","contributorId":96541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frohlich","given":"Cliff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Oldham, Harrison R.","contributorId":206688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oldham","given":"Harrison","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":20300,"text":"Southern Methodist University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Olson, Jon E.","contributorId":206744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Magnani, M. Beatrice","contributorId":197231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magnani","given":"M. 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Aspen forests and woodlands provide numerous ecosystem services, such as high primary productivity and biodiversity, retention and storage of environmental variables (precipitation, temperature, snow–water equivalent) that affect the spring and fall phenology of the aspen woodland communities of southwestern Colorado. We assessed the land surface phenology of aspen woodlands using two phenology indices, start of season time (SOST) and end of season time (EOST), from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) database of conterminous U.S. phenological indicators over an 11-year time period (2001–2011). These indicators were developed with 250 m resolution remotely sensed data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer processed to highlight vegetation response. We compiled data on SOST, EOST, elevation, precipitation, air temperature, and snow water equivalent (SWE) for selected sites having more than 80% cover by aspen woodland communities. In the 11-year time frame of our study, EOST had significant positive correlation with minimum fall temperature and significant negative correlation with fall precipitation. SOST had a significant positive correlation with spring SWE and spring maximum temperature.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.05.033","usgsCitation":"Meier, G.A., Brown, J., Evelsizer, R.J., and Vogelmann, J., 2015, Phenology and climate relationships in aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forest and woodland communities of southwestern Colorado: Ecological Indicators, v. 48, p. 189-197, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.05.033.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"197","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045382","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294919,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.07739323500078,\n 38.82479148331984\n ],\n [\n -109.07739323500078,\n 37.04810861806919\n ],\n [\n -105.56044097270126,\n 37.04810861806919\n ],\n [\n -105.56044097270126,\n 38.82479148331984\n ],\n [\n -109.07739323500078,\n 38.82479148331984\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542fbaa6e4b092f17df61d6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meier, Gretchen A.","contributorId":96615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"Gretchen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Jesslyn F. 0000-0002-9976-1998","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-1998","contributorId":26243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jesslyn F.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":489304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evelsizer, Ross J.","contributorId":80211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evelsizer","given":"Ross","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vogelmann, James E. 0000-0002-0804-5823 vogel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James E.","email":"vogel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":489303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}