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We analyzed total mercury (Hg) in six macro-invertebrate and one fish species representing Clapper Rail diets from four tidal-marshes in San Francisco Bay, California. Mercury concentrations among individual taxa ranged from lowest at Colma Creek (mean range: 0.09–0.2 μg/g dw) to highest at Cogswell (0.2–0.7), Laumeister (0.2–0.9) and Arrowhead Marshes (0.3–1.9). These spatial patterns for Hg matched patterns reported previously in Clapper Rail blood from the same four marshes. Over 25% of eastern mudsnails (<i>Ilyanassa obsolete</i>) and staghorn sculpin (<i>Leptocottus armatus</i>) exceeded dietary Hg concentrations (ww) often associated with avian reproductive impairment. Our results indicate that Hg concentrations vary considerably among tidal-marshes and diet taxa, and Hg concentrations of prey may provide an appropriate proxy for relative exposure risk for Clapper Rails.","language":"English","publisher":"Pergamon","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.009","usgsCitation":"Casazza, M.L., Ricca, M., Overton, C.T., Takekawa, J.Y., Merritt, A., and Ackerman, J., 2015, Dietary mercury exposure to endangered California Clapper Rails in San Francisco Bay: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 86, no. 1-2, p. 254-260, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.009.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"260","numberOfPages":"7","ipdsId":"IP-055981","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294291,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294230,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.009"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.522833,37.445189 ], [ -122.522833,38.144192 ], [ -122.036897,38.144192 ], [ -122.036897,37.445189 ], [ -122.522833,37.445189 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"86","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb22e4b08312ac7ceff3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ricca, Mark A.","contributorId":39736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricca","given":"Mark A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overton, Cory T. 0000-0002-5060-7447 coverton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-7447","contributorId":3262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overton","given":"Cory","email":"coverton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Merritt, Angela amerritt@usgs.gov","contributorId":5894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merritt","given":"Angela","email":"amerritt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":501948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70137563,"text":"70137563 - 2015 - Variations in population vulnerability to tectonic and landslide-related tsunami hazards in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T15:56:46","indexId":"70137563","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variations in population vulnerability to tectonic and landslide-related tsunami hazards in Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Effective tsunami risk reduction requires an understanding of how at-risk populations are specifically vulnerable to tsunami threats. Vulnerability assessments primarily have been based on single hazard zones, even though a coastal community may be threatened by multiple tsunami sources that vary locally in terms of inundation extents and wave arrival times. We use the Alaskan coastal communities of Cordova, Kodiak, Seward, Valdez, and Whittier (USA), as a case study to explore population vulnerability to multiple tsunami threats. We use anisotropic pedestrian evacuation models to assess variations in population exposure as a function of travel time out of hazard zones associated with tectonic and landslide-related tsunamis (based on scenarios similar to the 1964&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;</span><span>w</span><span>9.2 Good Friday earthquake and tsunami disaster). Results demonstrate that there are thousands of residents, employees, and business customers in tsunami hazard zones associated with tectonically generated waves, but that at-risk individuals will likely have sufficient time to evacuate to high ground before waves are estimated to arrive 30&ndash;60&nbsp;min after generation. Tsunami hazard zones associated with submarine landslides initiated by a subduction zone earthquake are smaller and contain fewer people, but many at-risk individuals may not have enough time to evacuate as waves are estimated to arrive in 1&ndash;2&nbsp;min and evacuations may need to occur during earthquake ground shaking. For all hazard zones, employees and customers at businesses far outnumber residents at their homes and evacuation travel times are highest on docks and along waterfronts. Results suggest that population vulnerability studies related to tsunami hazards should recognize non-residential populations and differences in wave arrival times if emergency managers are to develop realistic preparedness and outreach efforts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11069-014-1399-6","usgsCitation":"Wood, N.J., and Peters, J., 2015, Variations in population vulnerability to tectonic and landslide-related tsunami hazards in Alaska: Natural Hazards, v. 75, no. 2, p. 1811-1831, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1399-6.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1811","endPage":"1831","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057130","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1399-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297117,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.09375,\n              57.42129439209407\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.09375,\n              62.08331486294795\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.4482421875,\n              62.08331486294795\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.4482421875,\n              57.42129439209407\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.09375,\n              57.42129439209407\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c82e4b08de9379b3849","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Nathan J. 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":3347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peters, Jeff 0000-0003-4312-0590 jpeters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4312-0590","contributorId":4711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Jeff","email":"jpeters@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70138213,"text":"70138213 - 2015 - Assessing the magnitude and timing of anthropogenic warming of a shallow aquifer: example from Virginia Beach, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-09T15:36:04","indexId":"70138213","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the magnitude and timing of anthropogenic warming of a shallow aquifer: example from Virginia Beach, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Groundwater temperature measurements in a shallow coastal aquifer in Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA, suggest groundwater warming of +4.1&nbsp;&deg;C relative to deeper geothermal gradients. Observed warming is related to timing and depth of influence of two potential thermal drivers&mdash;atmospheric temperature increases and urbanization. Results indicate that up to 30&nbsp;% of groundwater warming at the water table can be attributed to atmospheric warming while up to 70&nbsp;% of warming can be attributed to urbanization. Groundwater temperature readings to 30-m depth correlate positively with percentage of impervious cover and negatively with percentage of tree canopy cover; thus, these two land-use metrics explain up to 70&nbsp;% of warming at the water table. Analytical and numerical modeling results indicate that an average vertical groundwater temperature profile for the study area, constructed from repeat measurement at 11 locations over 15&nbsp;months, is consistent with the timing of land-use change over the past century in Virginia Beach. The magnitude of human-induced warming at the water table (+4.1&nbsp;&deg;C) is twice the current seasonal temperature variation, indicating the potential for ecological impacts on wetlands and estuaries receiving groundwater discharge from shallow aquifers.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-014-1189-y","usgsCitation":"Eggleston, J.R., and McCoy, K.J., 2015, Assessing the magnitude and timing of anthropogenic warming of a shallow aquifer: example from Virginia Beach, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 23, no. 1, p. 105-120, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-014-1189-y.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"120","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053847","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 18 North","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Virginia Beach","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.34536743164061,\n              36.54936246839778\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.34536743164061,\n              36.97732387852746\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.85578918457031,\n              36.97732387852746\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.85578918457031,\n              36.54936246839778\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.34536743164061,\n              36.54936246839778\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b3ce4b08de9379b32bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eggleston, John R. 0000-0001-6633-3041 jegglest@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6633-3041","contributorId":3068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggleston","given":"John","email":"jegglest@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCoy, Kurt J. 0000-0002-9756-8238 kjmccoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9756-8238","contributorId":1391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Kurt","email":"kjmccoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70137735,"text":"70137735 - 2015 - Age and growth of round gobies in Lake Michigan, with preliminary mortality estimation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-12T09:56:26","indexId":"70137735","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and growth of round gobies in Lake Michigan, with preliminary mortality estimation","docAbstract":"<p><span>The round goby (</span><i>Neogobius melanostomus</i><span>) is a prevalent invasive species throughout Lake Michigan, as well as other Laurentian Great Lakes, yet little information is available on spatial variation in round goby growth within one body of water. Age and growth of round goby at three areas of Lake Michigan were studied by otolith analysis from a sample of 659 specimens collected from 2008 to 2012. Total length (</span><i>TL</i><span>) ranged from 48 to 131&nbsp;mm for Sturgeon Bay, from 50 to 125&nbsp;mm for Waukegan, and from 54 to 129&nbsp;mm for Sleeping Bear Dunes. Ages ranged from 2 to 7&nbsp;years for Sturgeon Bay, from 2 to 5&nbsp;years for Waukegan, and from 2 to 6&nbsp;years for Sleeping Bear Dunes. Area-specific and sex-specific body&ndash;otolith relationships were used to back-calculate estimates of total length at age, which were fitted to von Bertalanffy models to estimate growth rates. For both sexes, round gobies at Sleeping Bear Dunes and Waukegan grew significantly faster than those at Sturgeon Bay. However, round goby growth did not significantly differ between Sleeping Bear Dunes and Waukegan for either sex. At all three areas of Lake Michigan, males grew significantly faster than females. Based on catch curve analysis, estimates of annual mortality rates ranged from 0.79 to 0.84. These relatively high mortality rates suggested that round gobies may be under predatory control in Lake Michigan.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2014.07.003","usgsCitation":"Huo, B., Madenjian, C.P., Xie, C., Zhao, Y., O’Brien, T.P., and Czesny, S.J., 2015, Age and growth of round gobies in Lake Michigan, with preliminary mortality estimation: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 40, no. 3, p. 712-720, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2014.07.003.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"712","endPage":"720","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053856","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297122,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","volume":"40","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b2be4b08de9379b3284","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huo, Bin","contributorId":127463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huo","given":"Bin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6955,"text":"College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xie, Cong X.","contributorId":138597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xie","given":"Cong X.","affiliations":[{"id":12457,"text":"Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Fisheries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhao, Yingming","contributorId":49752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhao","given":"Yingming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":538002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O’Brien, Timothy P. 0000-0003-4502-5204 tiobrien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4502-5204","contributorId":2662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Timothy","email":"tiobrien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Czesny, Sergiusz J.","contributorId":138598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Czesny","given":"Sergiusz","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12458,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey, Lake Michigan Biological Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70137568,"text":"70137568 - 2015 - Incorporating climate change and morphological uncertainty into coastal change hazard assessments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T14:22:24","indexId":"70137568","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporating climate change and morphological uncertainty into coastal change hazard assessments","docAbstract":"<p><span>Documented and forecasted trends in rising sea levels and changes in storminess patterns have the potential to increase the frequency, magnitude, and spatial extent of coastal change hazards. To develop realistic adaptation strategies, coastal planners need information about coastal change hazards that recognizes the dynamic temporal and spatial scales of beach morphology, the climate controls on coastal change hazards, and the uncertainties surrounding the drivers and impacts of climate change. We present a probabilistic approach for quantifying and mapping coastal change hazards that incorporates the uncertainty associated with both climate change and morphological variability. To demonstrate the approach, coastal change hazard zones of arbitrary confidence levels are developed for the Tillamook County (State of Oregon, USA) coastline using a suite of simple models and a range of possible climate futures related to wave climate, sea-level rise projections, and the frequency of major El Ni&ntilde;o events. Extreme total water levels are more influenced by wave height variability, whereas the magnitude of erosion is more influenced by sea-level rise scenarios. Morphological variability has a stronger influence on the width of coastal hazard zones than the uncertainty associated with the range of climate change scenarios.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11069-014-1417-8","usgsCitation":"Baron, H.M., Ruggiero, P., Wood, N.J., Harris, E.L., Allan, J., Komar, P.D., and Corcoran, P., 2015, Incorporating climate change and morphological uncertainty into coastal change hazard assessments: Natural Hazards, v. 75, no. 3, p. 2081-2102, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1417-8.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"2081","endPage":"2102","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052235","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472472,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1417-8","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297111,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2bd3e4b08de9379b34fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Heather M.","contributorId":138585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baron","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruggiero, Peter","contributorId":15709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Nathan J. 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":3347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, Erica L.","contributorId":138586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Erica","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allan, Jonathan","contributorId":46847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allan","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[{"id":7198,"text":"Oregon Department Geology and Mineral Industries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Komar, Paul D.","contributorId":138587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Komar","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Corcoran, Patrick","contributorId":138588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corcoran","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12452,"text":"Oregon Sea Grant","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70191890,"text":"70191890 - 2015 - Propagation of hybrid Devils Hole Pupfish × Ash Meadows Amargosa Pupfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T14:29:30","indexId":"70191890","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2885,"text":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Propagation of hybrid Devils Hole Pupfish × Ash Meadows Amargosa Pupfish","docAbstract":"<p><span>Recent censuses of Devils Hole Pupfish&nbsp;</span><i>Cyprinodon diabolis</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>revealed that fewer than 100 individuals currently remain in the wild. Captive propagation is among actions being considered to prevent their extinction, but no pure-strain Devils Hole Pupfish were available for broodstock. To help provide emergency information, we investigated techniques to propagate their most closely related relative, hybrid Devils Hole Pupfish<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>C. diabolis</i><span>× Ash Meadows Amargosa Pupfish<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>C. nevadensis mionectes.</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>We tested various temperatures and larval feeds with respect to egg production, larval survival, and growth. Larval survival and growth were similar from 24°C to 32°C and egg production peaked at static 28°C; however, reducing water temperatures to 23°C and then raising them to 28°C resulted in even higher production. Larvae fed infusoria, Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Chow (RGSM), or Zeigler larval diet (ZLD) had the highest survival (79.4, 71.6, and 73.4%, respectively), and those fed Otohime (OTO) had the lowest survival (60.8%), although OTO provided greatest (14&nbsp;mm) 30-d growth. Supplementation of RGSM or ZLD with<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Artemia</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>nauplii increased growth but decreased survival. Larval production was maximized by placing six spawning mops, constructed of yarn and tile, in each of four 437-L parental aquaria, stocked with 24 adult fish each (1:1 sex ratio) for 3 d, to attract adults and provide spawning substrate. A 30% water change conducted on the same day of mop placement lowered water temperature from 28°C to 23°C. Water temperature was raised back to 28°C over 48&nbsp;h. After 3 d, mops were transferred to hatching aquaria that were held at 28°C and aerated until larval hatch. Although some differences likely exist in effective propagation techniques for hybrid and pure-strain Devils Hole Pupfish, these data help provide initial recommendations to aid recovery.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15222055.2015.1044057","usgsCitation":"Feuerbacher, O., Mapula, J.A., and Bonar, S.A., 2015, Propagation of hybrid Devils Hole Pupfish × Ash Meadows Amargosa Pupfish: North American Journal of Aquaculture, v. 77, no. 4, p. 513-523, https://doi.org/10.1080/15222055.2015.1044057.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"513","endPage":"523","ipdsId":"IP-066121","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347490,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07eba4e4b09af898c8cd02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feuerbacher, Olin","contributorId":187760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feuerbacher","given":"Olin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mapula, Justin A.","contributorId":198573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mapula","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70122717,"text":"70122717 - 2015 - Modeling long-term trends of chlorinated ethene contamination at a public supply well","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T09:52:49","indexId":"70122717","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-28T11:13:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling long-term trends of chlorinated ethene contamination at a public supply well","docAbstract":"<p>A mass-balance solute-transport modeling approach was used to investigate the effects of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) volume, composition, and generation of daughter products on simulated and measured long-term trends of chlorinated ethene (CE) concentrations at a public supply well. The model was built by telescoping a calibrated regional three-dimensional MODFLOW model to the capture zone of a public supply well that has a history of CE contamination. The local model was then used to simulate the interactions between naturally occurring organic carbon that acts as an electron donor, and dissolved oxygen (DO), CEs, ferric iron, and sulfate that act as electron acceptors using the Sequential Electron Acceptor Model in three dimensions (SEAM3D) code. The modeling results indicate that asymmetry between rapidly rising and more gradual falling concentration trends over time suggests a DNAPL rather than a dissolved source of CEs. Peak concentrations of CEs are proportional to the volume and composition of the DNAPL source. The persistence of contamination, which can vary from a few years to centuries, is proportional to DNAPL volume, but is unaffected by DNAPL composition. These results show that monitoring CE concentrations in raw water produced by impacted public supply wells over time can provide useful information concerning the nature of contaminant sources and the likely future persistence of contamination.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12230","usgsCitation":"Chapelle, F.H., Kauffman, L.J., and Widdowson, M.A., 2015, Modeling long-term trends of chlorinated ethene contamination at a public supply well: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 51, no. 1, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12230.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052153","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293151,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12230"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.3813,39.3249 ], [ -75.3813,39.9952 ], [ -74.7182,39.9952 ], [ -74.7182,39.3249 ], [ -75.3813,39.3249 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54003434e4b04e908030b547","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kauffman, Leon J. 0000-0003-4564-0362 lkauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-0362","contributorId":1094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Leon","email":"lkauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Widdowson, Mark A.","contributorId":90379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widdowson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70095741,"text":"70095741 - 2015 - Trophic state in Voyageurs National Park lakes before and after implementation of a revised water-level management plan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-29T12:14:40","indexId":"70095741","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-24T08:23:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trophic state in Voyageurs National Park lakes before and after implementation of a revised water-level management plan","docAbstract":"<p>We compiled Secchi depth, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll a (Chla) data from Voyageurs National Park lakes and compared datasets before and after a new water-level management plan was implemented in January 2000. Average Secchi depth transparency improved (from 1.9 to 2.1 m, p = 0.020) between 1977-1999 and 2000-2011 in Kabetogama Lake for August samples only and remained unchanged in Rainy, Namakan, and Sand Point Lakes, and Black Bay in Rainy Lake. Average open-water season Chla concentration decreased in Black Bay (from an average of 13 to 6.0 &mu;g/l, p = 0.001) and Kabetogama Lake (from 9.9 to 6.2 &mu;g/l, p = 0.006) between 1977-1999 and 2000-2011. Trophic state index decreased significantly in Black Bay from 59 to 51 (p = 0.006) and in Kabetogama Lake from 57 to 50 (p = 0.006) between 1977-1999 and 2000-2011. Trophic state indices based on Chla indicated that after 2000, Sand Point, Namakan, and Rainy Lakes remained oligotrophic, whereas eutrophication has decreased in Kabetogama Lake and Black Bay. Although nutrient inputs from inflows and internal sources are still sufficient to produce annual cyanobacterial blooms and may inhibit designated water uses, trophic state has decreased for Kabetogama Lake and Black Bay and there has been no decline in lake ecosystem health since the implementation of the revised water-level management plan.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12234","usgsCitation":"Christensen, V.G., and Maki, R., 2015, Trophic state in Voyageurs National Park lakes before and after implementation of a revised water-level management plan: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 51, no. 1, p. 99-111, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12234.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"111","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-035598","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472476,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12234","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":283869,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294437,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12234"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Voyaguers National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.203689,48.299689 ], [ -93.203689,48.631628 ], [ -92.453285,48.631628 ], [ -92.453285,48.299689 ], [ -93.203689,48.299689 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"51","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5423dd2fe4b037b608f9d4b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christensen, Victoria G. 0000-0003-4166-7461 vglenn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4166-7461","contributorId":2354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Victoria","email":"vglenn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maki, Ryan P.","contributorId":100111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maki","given":"Ryan P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70138844,"text":"70138844 - 2015 - The role of citzens in detecting and responding to a rapid marine invasion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-03T10:36:29","indexId":"70138844","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1326,"text":"Conservation Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of citzens in detecting and responding to a rapid marine invasion","docAbstract":"<p><span>Documenting and responding to species invasions requires innovative strategies that account for ecological and societal complexities. We used the recent expansion of Indo-Pacific lionfish (</span><i>Pterois volitans</i><span>/</span><i>miles</i><span>) throughout northern Gulf of Mexico coastal waters to evaluate the role of stakeholders in documenting and responding to a rapid marine invasion. We coupled an online survey of spearfishers and citizen science monitoring programs with traditional fishery-independent data sources and found that citizen observations documented lionfish 1&ndash;2 years earlier and more frequently than traditional reef fish monitoring programs. Citizen observations first documented lionfish in 2010 followed by rapid expansion and proliferation in 2011 (+367%). From the survey of spearfishers, we determined that diving experience and personal observations of lionfish strongly influenced perceived impacts, and these perceptions were powerful predictors of support for initiatives. Our study demonstrates the value of engaging citizens for assessing and responding to large-scale and time-sensitive conservation problems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/conl.12127","usgsCitation":"Scyphers, S.B., Powers, S.P., Akins, J.L., Drymon, J., Martin, C.M., Schobernd, Z.H., Schofield, P., Shipp, R.L., and Switzer, T.S., 2015, The role of citzens in detecting and responding to a rapid marine invasion: Conservation Letters, v. 8, no. 4, p. 242-250, https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12127.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"242","endPage":"250","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037956","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12127","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":297480,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.362548828125,\n              27.410785702577023\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.362548828125,\n              30.779598396611537\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.64990234375,\n              30.779598396611537\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.64990234375,\n              27.410785702577023\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.362548828125,\n              27.410785702577023\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c70e4b08de9379b37f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scyphers, Stephen B.","contributorId":138869,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scyphers","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12554,"text":"University of South Alabama and Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powers, Sean P.","contributorId":138867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powers","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12554,"text":"University of South Alabama and Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Akins, J. Lad","contributorId":102735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Akins","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drymon, J. Marcus","contributorId":138866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drymon","given":"J. Marcus","affiliations":[{"id":12553,"text":"Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, AL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martin, Charles M.","contributorId":55490,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schobernd, Zeb H.","contributorId":138868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schobernd","given":"Zeb","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12555,"text":"NOAA Fisheries – Beaufort Laboratory, Beaufort, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":539049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schofield, Pamela J. 0000-0002-8752-2797 pschofield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-2797","contributorId":127812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schofield","given":"Pamela J.","email":"pschofield@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":539045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Shipp, Robert L.","contributorId":138870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shipp","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Switzer, Theodore S.","contributorId":138871,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Switzer","given":"Theodore","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":539053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70126405,"text":"70126405 - 2015 - Biogeochemical environments of streambed-sediment pore waters with and without arsenic enrichment in a sedimentary rock terrain, New Jersey Piedmont, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-01T15:43:36.183428","indexId":"70126405","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-14T09:38:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biogeochemical environments of streambed-sediment pore waters with and without arsenic enrichment in a sedimentary rock terrain, New Jersey Piedmont, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Release of arsenic (As) from sedimentary rocks has resulted in contamination of groundwater in aquifers of the New Jersey Piedmont Physiographic Province, USA; the contamination also may affect the quality of the region's streamwater to which groundwater discharges. Biogeochemical mechanisms involved in the release process were investigated in the streambeds of Six Mile Run and Pike Run, tributaries to the Millstone River in the Piedmont. At Six Mile Run, streambed pore water and shallow groundwater were low or depleted in oxygen, and contained As at concentrations greater than 20</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>μg/L. At Pike Run, oxidizing conditions were present in the streambed, and the As concentration in pore water was 2.1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>μg/L. The 16S rRNA gene and the As(V) respiratory reductase gene,&nbsp;</span><i>arrA</i><span>, were amplified from DNA extracted from streambed pore water at both sites and analyzed, revealing that distinct bacterial communities that corresponded to the redox conditions were present at each site. Anaerobic enrichment cultures were inoculated with pore water from gaining reaches of the streams with acetate and As(V). As(V) was reduced by microbes to As(III) in enrichments with Six Mile Run pore water and groundwater, whereas no reduction occurred in enrichments with Pike Run pore water. Cloning and sequencing of the&nbsp;</span><i>arrA</i><span>&nbsp;gene indicated 8 unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at Six Mile Run and 11 unique OTUs at Pike Run, which may be representative of the arsenite oxidase gene&nbsp;</span><i>arxA</i><span>. Low-oxygen conditions at Six Mile Run have favored microbial As reduction and release, whereas release was inhibited by oxidizing conditions at Pike Run.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.104","usgsCitation":"Mumford, A., Barringer, J., Reilly, P.A., Eberl, D.D., Blum, A.E., and Young, L.Y., 2015, Biogeochemical environments of streambed-sediment pore waters with and without arsenic enrichment in a sedimentary rock terrain, New Jersey Piedmont, USA: Science of the Total Environment, v. 505, p. 1350-1360, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.104.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1350","endPage":"1360","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052994","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294329,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.5598,38.9286 ], [ -75.5598,41.3574 ], [ -73.9024,41.3574 ], [ -73.9024,38.9286 ], [ -75.5598,38.9286 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"505","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb18e4b08312ac7cef39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mumford, Adam C.","contributorId":27307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mumford","given":"Adam C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barringer, Julia L.","contributorId":59419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barringer","given":"Julia L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reilly, Pamela A. 0000-0002-2937-4490 jankowsk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2937-4490","contributorId":653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Pamela","email":"jankowsk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":502010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eberl, Dennis D.","contributorId":68388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"Dennis","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blum, Alex E. aeblum@usgs.gov","contributorId":2845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blum","given":"Alex","email":"aeblum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":502011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Young, Lily Y.","contributorId":19697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Lily","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70227643,"text":"70227643 - 2015 - Pore characteristics of Wilcox Group Coal, U.S. Gulf Coast Region: Implications for the occurrence of coalbed gas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-24T14:45:24.524588","indexId":"70227643","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-13T08:40:13","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pore characteristics of Wilcox Group Coal, U.S. Gulf Coast Region: Implications for the occurrence of coalbed gas","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0005\"><span>Pore characteristics of 27&nbsp;subbituminous coal&nbsp;samples (16</span>&nbsp;mesh splits) from the Paleocene–Eocene Wilcox Group of north Louisiana (Ouachita and Caldwell Parishes) and south Texas (Zavala County) were examined in relation to desorbed gas content. Coal gas of the Wilcox Group is primarily biogenic in origin; thermogenic gas also may be present in some areas. On an as-received basis, desorbed gas contents range from 0.59 to 1.28&nbsp;m<sup>3</sup>/t for Ouachita Parish samples, 0.37 to 5.19&nbsp;m<sup>3</sup>/t for the Caldwell Parish samples, and 0.02 to 0.06&nbsp;m<sup>3</sup><span>/t for the Zavala County samples. For Louisiana coal samples,&nbsp;micropore&nbsp;surface area and volume are correlated to the desorbed gas content of the Wilcox Group coal (correlations: r</span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span>0.50 and 0.47, respectively), suggesting that micropore surface area and volume are important in terms of gas-holding capacity. Adsorption by&nbsp;micropores&nbsp;appears to be the primary form of gas storage for the Louisiana coal samples. Micropore surface area and volumes also are strongly correlated with the carbon/ash yield ratio (r</span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span>0.97 and 0.94, respectively), indicating that gas&nbsp;sorption&nbsp;occurs primarily on organic matter. Mineral matter appears to reduce the sorption capacity of the coal. Micropore width decreases with depth (r</span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;−&nbsp;0.63), probably as the result of increasing pressure and coal rank with depth. For the Louisiana coal samples, mesopore surface area is negatively correlated with the carbon/ash yield ratio (r&nbsp;=&nbsp;−&nbsp;0.70), suggesting that mesopores are preferentially associated with mineral matter. Average mesopore size is correlated with desorbed gas (r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.80) for the relatively shallow Ouachita Parish samples (average depth&nbsp;=&nbsp;441&nbsp;m, 1446&nbsp;ft); these results suggest that the permeability of the Wilcox coal is greater in the shallow stratigraphic intervals compared to deeper intervals. Additionally, mesopore size decreases with depth (r&nbsp;=&nbsp;−&nbsp;0.80). For Ouachita Parish coal samples, negative correlations of gas with mesopore surface area (r&nbsp;=&nbsp;−&nbsp;0.74) and mesopore volume (r&nbsp;=&nbsp;−&nbsp;<span>0.56) strongly suggest that gas is not adsorbed in mesopores, and that free gas may be present in larger mesopores,&nbsp;macropores, or fractures of the Wilcox coal. Results also suggest that moisture in Ouachita Parish samples is present in mesopores; moisture in mesopores may have blocked&nbsp;gas adsorption.</span></p><p id=\"sp0010\">The low-gas south Texas samples (average depth&nbsp;=&nbsp;313&nbsp;m, 1026&nbsp;ft) are markedly different from the Louisiana samples. Specifically, micropore surface area and micropore volume are negatively correlated with desorbed gas for the Texas samples (r&nbsp;=−&nbsp;0.21 and −&nbsp;<span>0.36, respectively). Geologic or environmental conditions probably were not conducive to the generation or storage of microbial gas in the Zavala County coals. The geologic settings (i.e., salinity of formation water,&nbsp;groundwater recharge, permeability of coal) of each study area are important factors that need to be considered in relation to the potential for generation or storage of microbial gas. In south Texas, tectonic stress may have led to a reduction in permeability in the Wilcox Group coal, creating an unfavorable environment for the generation or preservation of microbial gas. The subbituminous rank of the Zavala coals is also too low for significant thermogenic gas generation to have occurred.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2014.07.012","usgsCitation":"Swanson, S.M., Mastalerz, M.D., Engle, M., Valentine, B.J., Warwick, P., Hackley, P.C., and Belkin, H.E., 2015, Pore characteristics of Wilcox Group Coal, U.S. Gulf Coast Region: Implications for the occurrence of coalbed gas: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 139, p. 80-94, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2014.07.012.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"94","ipdsId":"IP-056317","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394756,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"northern Gulf of Mexico basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -100.32714843749999,\n              26.194876675795218\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.2529296875,\n              26.194876675795218\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.2529296875,\n              33.8521697014074\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.32714843749999,\n              33.8521697014074\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.32714843749999,\n              26.194876675795218\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"139","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Sharon M. 0000-0002-4235-1736 smswanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4235-1736","contributorId":590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Sharon","email":"smswanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mastalerz, Maria D.","contributorId":272089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mastalerz","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":33640,"text":"Indiana Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":831497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engle, Mark 0000-0001-5258-7374","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":222085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Valentine, Brett J. 0000-0002-8678-2431 bvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-2431","contributorId":3846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Brett","email":"bvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Warwick, Peter D. 0000-0002-3152-7783","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-7783","contributorId":207248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warwick","given":"Peter D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hackley, Paul C. 0000-0002-5957-2551 phackley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-2551","contributorId":592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Paul","email":"phackley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Belkin, Harvey E. 0000-0001-7879-6529 hbelkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-6529","contributorId":581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belkin","given":"Harvey","email":"hbelkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":831502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70160540,"text":"70160540 - 2015 - Predicted effects of future climate warming on thermal habitat suitability for Lake Sturgeon (<i>Acipenser fulvescens</i>, Rafinesque, 1817) in rivers in Wisconsin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-23T10:35:36","indexId":"70160540","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-11T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicted effects of future climate warming on thermal habitat suitability for Lake Sturgeon (<i>Acipenser fulvescens</i>, Rafinesque, 1817) in rivers in Wisconsin, USA","docAbstract":"<p>The Lake Sturgeon (<i>Acipenser fulvescens</i>, Rafinesque, 1817) may be threatened by future climate warming. The purpose of this study was to identify river reaches in Wisconsin, USA, where they might be vulnerable to warming water temperatures. In Wisconsin, <i>A. fulvescens</i> is known from 2291 km of large-river habitat that has been fragmented into 48 discrete river-lake networks isolated by impassable dams. Although the exact temperature tolerances are uncertain, water temperatures above 28&ndash;30&deg;C are potentially less suitable for this coolwater species. Predictions from 13 downscaled global climate models were input to a lotic water temperature model to estimate amounts of potential thermally less-suitable habitat at present and for 2046&ndash;2065. Currently, 341 km (14.9%) of the known habitat are estimated to regularly exceed 28&deg;C for an entire day, but only 6 km (0.3%) to exceed 30&deg;C. In 2046&ndash;2065, 685&ndash;2164 km (29.9&ndash;94.5%) are projected to exceed 28&deg;C and 33&ndash;1056 km (1.4&ndash;46.1%) to exceed 30&deg;C. Most river-lake networks have cooler segments, large tributaries, or lakes that might provide temporary escape from potentially less suitable temperatures, but 12 short networks in the Lower Fox and Middle Wisconsin rivers totaling 93.6 km are projected to have no potential thermal refugia. One possible adaptation to climate change could be to provide fish passage or translocation so that riverine Lake Sturgeon might have access to more thermally suitable habitats.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","publisherLocation":"Berlin","doi":"10.1111/jai.12543","collaboration":"John Lyons, WI Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Lyons, J., and Stewart, J.S., 2015, Predicted effects of future climate warming on thermal habitat suitability for Lake Sturgeon (<i>Acipenser fulvescens</i>, Rafinesque, 1817) in rivers in Wisconsin, USA: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 30, no. 6, p. 1508-1513, https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12543.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1508","endPage":"1513","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055775","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472478,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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,{"id":70129652,"text":"70129652 - 2015 - Evaluating the predictive performance of empirical estimators of natural mortality rate using information on over 200 fish species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T11:37:30","indexId":"70129652","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-01T14:28:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1936,"text":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the predictive performance of empirical estimators of natural mortality rate using information on over 200 fish species","docAbstract":"<p><span>Many methods have been developed in the last 70 years to predict the natural mortality rate,&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>, of a stock based on empirical evidence from comparative life history studies. These indirect or empirical methods are used in most stock assessments to (i) obtain estimates of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>M</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>in the absence of direct information, (ii) check on the reasonableness of a direct estimate of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>M</i><span>, (iii) examine the range of plausible<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>M</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>estimates for the stock under consideration, and (iv) define prior distributions for Bayesian analyses. The two most cited empirical methods have appeared in the literature over 2500 times to date. Despite the importance of these methods, there is no consensus in the literature on how well these methods work in terms of prediction error or how their performance may be ranked. We evaluate estimators based on various combinations of maximum age (</span><i>t</i><sub>max</sub><span>), growth parameters, and water temperature by seeing how well they reproduce &gt;200 independent, direct estimates of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>M</i><span>. We use tenfold cross-validation to estimate the prediction error of the estimators and to rank their performance. With updated and carefully reviewed data, we conclude that a<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>t</i><sub>max</sub><span>-based estimator performs the best among all estimators evaluated. The<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>t</i><sub>max</sub><span>-based estimators in turn perform better than the Alverson–Carney method based on<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>t</i><sub>max</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and the von Bertalanffy<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>K</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>coefficient, Pauly’s method based on growth parameters and water temperature and methods based just on<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>K</i><span>. It is possible to combine two independent methods by computing a weighted mean but the improvement over the<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>t</i><sub>max</sub><span>-based methods is slight. Based on cross-validation prediction error, model residual patterns, model parsimony, and biological considerations, we recommend the use of a<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>t</i><sub>max</sub><span>-based estimator (</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi xmlns=&quot;&quot;>M</mi><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>=</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>4.899</mn><msubsup xmlns=&quot;&quot;><mi>t</mi><mrow><mo movablelimits=&quot;true&quot;>max</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>&amp;#x2212;</mo><mn>0.916</mn></mrow></msubsup></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" class=\"math\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-2\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-3\" class=\"mi\">M</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" class=\"mo\">=</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-5\" class=\"mn\">4.899</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-6\" class=\"msubsup\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-7\" class=\"mi\">t</span></span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-8\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-9\" class=\"mo\">−</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-10\" class=\"mn\">0.916</span></span></span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-11\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-12\" class=\"mo\">max</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">M=4.899tmax−0.916</span></span></span><span>, prediction error = 0.32) when possible and a growth-based method (</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi xmlns=&quot;&quot;>M</mi><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>=</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>4.118</mn><mrow xmlns=&quot;&quot;><msup><mi>K</mi><mrow><mn>0.73</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><msubsup xmlns=&quot;&quot;><mi>L</mi><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>&amp;#x221E;</mi><mrow><mo>&amp;#x2212;</mo><mn>0.33</mn></mrow></msubsup></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-13\" class=\"math\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-14\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-15\" class=\"mi\">M</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-16\" class=\"mo\">=</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-17\" class=\"mn\">4.118</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-18\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-19\" class=\"msup\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-20\" class=\"mi\">K</span></span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-21\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-22\" class=\"mn\">0.73</span></span></span></span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-23\" class=\"msubsup\"><span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-24\" class=\"mi\">L</span></span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-25\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-26\" class=\"mo\">−</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-27\" class=\"mn\">0.33</span></span></span><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-28\" class=\"mi\">∞</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">M=4.118K0.73L∞−0.33</span></span></span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>, prediction error = 0.6, length in cm) otherwise.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Council for the Exploration of the Sea","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsu136","usgsCitation":"Then, A., Hoenig, J., Hall, N.G., and Hewitt, D.A., 2015, Evaluating the predictive performance of empirical estimators of natural mortality rate using information on over 200 fish species: ICES Journal of Marine Science, v. 72, no. 1, p. 82-92, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu136.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"82","endPage":"92","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053553","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu136","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":295737,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"544b6a1fe4b03653c63fb1cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Then, Amy Y.","contributorId":81038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Then","given":"Amy Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoenig, John M","contributorId":58211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoenig","given":"John M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hall, Norman G.","contributorId":76245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hewitt, David A. 0000-0002-5387-0275 dhewitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-0275","contributorId":3767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hewitt","given":"David","email":"dhewitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70124041,"text":"70124041 - 2015 - Contrasting long-term survival of two outplanted Mojave Desert perennials for post-fire revegetation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:51:57","indexId":"70124041","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-01T11:47:23","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":904,"text":"Arid Land Research and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contrasting long-term survival of two outplanted Mojave Desert perennials for post-fire revegetation","docAbstract":"<p>Post-fire recovery of arid shrublands is typically slow, and planting greenhouse-raised seedlings may be a means of jump-starting this process. Recovery can be further accelerated by understanding the factors controlling post-planting survival. In fall 2007 and 2009, we outplanted seedlings of two contrasting native evergreen shrubs&mdash;fast-growing Nevada jointfir and slow-growing blackbrush&mdash;across five burned sites in the Mojave Desert. To increase soil moisture and optimize seedling survival, we experimentally applied and evaluated soil amendments and supplemental watering. We also evaluated two herbicides that reduce competitive invasive annual grasses and two types of herbivore protection. Survival of jointfir outplanted in 2007 was 61% after 43 months, and site largely influenced survival, while herbicide containing imazapic applied more than one year after outplanting reduced survival. Reduced survival of jointfir outplanted in 2009 coincided with delayed seasonal precipitation that intensified foliar damage by small mammals. In contrast, blackbrush survival was 4% after 43 months, and was influenced by site, type of herbivore protection, and greenhouse during the 2007 outplanting, and soil amendment during 2009. Counter to expectations, we found that supplemental watering and soil amendments did not influence long-term survival of either blackbrush or jointfir. Shrub species with rapid growth rates and broad environmental tolerances, such as jointfir, make ideal candidates for outplanting, provided that seedlings are protected from herbivores. Re-introduction of species with slow growth rates and narrow environmental tolerances, such as blackbrush, requires careful consideration to optimize pre- and post-planting conditions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1080/15324982.2014.901994","usgsCitation":"Scoles-Sciulla, S.J., Defalco, L., and Esque, T., 2015, Contrasting long-term survival of two outplanted Mojave Desert perennials for post-fire revegetation: Arid Land Research and Management, v. 29, no. 1, p. 110-124, https://doi.org/10.1080/15324982.2014.901994.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"124","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042562","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293705,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293620,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15324982.2014.901994"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.9789,34.1607 ], [ -117.9789,37.5219 ], [ -114.7254,37.5219 ], [ -114.7254,34.1607 ], [ -117.9789,34.1607 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412b9a1e4b0239f1986ba33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scoles-Sciulla, Sara J.","contributorId":26637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scoles-Sciulla","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Defalco, Lesley A. ldefalco@usgs.gov","contributorId":2458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Defalco","given":"Lesley A.","email":"ldefalco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":3221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159977,"text":"70159977 - 2015 - The economic viability of smallholder timber production under expanding açaí palm production in the Amazon Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:57:01","indexId":"70159977","displayToPublicDate":"2014-08-01T03:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2295,"text":"Journal of Forest Economics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The economic viability of smallholder timber production under expanding açaí palm production in the Amazon Estuary","docAbstract":"<p><span>Relatively little attention has been paid to the economic potentials and limitations of tropical timber production and management at smallholder scales, with the most relevant research focusing on community forestry efforts. As a rare tropical example of long-lasting small-scale timber production, in this study we explore the economics of smallholder vertically integrated timber use to better understand the activity in the context of its primary land use alternative in the Amazon Estuary, a&ccedil;a&iacute; palm fruit production. We use data from landowner and firm surveys, participatory monitoring of firms, and detailed forest and sawmill operation monitoring to devise financial returns models of smallholder timber micro firms and a&ccedil;a&iacute; palm fruit production. We then compare the economics of the two activities to better understand how differences may shape decisions at the small holder scale that impact current land use shifts in the region.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Umeå Forest University Press","publisherLocation":"Umeå, Sweden","doi":"10.1016/j.jfe.2014.06.001","usgsCitation":"Fortini, L.B., and Carter, D.R., 2015, The economic viability of smallholder timber production under expanding açaí palm production in the Amazon Estuary: Journal of Forest Economics, v. 20, no. 3, p. 223-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfe.2014.06.001.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"235","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052234","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488396,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfe.2014.06.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","otherGeospatial":"Amazon River, Mazagão watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -51.6,\n              -0.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -51.6,\n              -0.4  \n            ],\n            [\n              -51.5,\n             -0.4  \n            ],\n            [\n              -51.5,\n              -0.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -51.6,\n              -0.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5666bbf6e4b06a3ea36c8b54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fortini, Lucas B. 0000-0002-5781-7295 lfortini@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5781-7295","contributorId":4645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortini","given":"Lucas","email":"lfortini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, Douglas R.","contributorId":150364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carter","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13197,"text":"School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70116459,"text":"70116459 - 2015 - Event sedimentation in low-latitude deep-water carbonate basins, Anegada passage, northeast Caribbean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T09:53:13","indexId":"70116459","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T15:56:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":972,"text":"Basin Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Event sedimentation in low-latitude deep-water carbonate basins, Anegada passage, northeast Caribbean","docAbstract":"<p>The Virgin Islands and Whiting basins in the Northeast Caribbean are deep, structurally controlled depocentres partially bound by shallow-water carbonate platforms. Closed basins such as these are thought to document earthquake and hurricane events through the accumulation of event layers such as debris flow and turbidity current deposits and the internal deformation of deposited material. Event layers in the Virgin Islands and Whiting basins are predominantly thin and discontinuous, containing varying amounts of reef- and slope-derived material. Three turbidites/sandy intervals in the upper 2 m of sediment in the eastern Virgin Islands Basin were deposited between ca. 2000 and 13 600 years ago, but do not extend across the basin. In the central and western Virgin Islands Basin, a structureless clay-rich interval is interpreted to be a unifite. Within the Whiting Basin, several discontinuous turbidites and other sand-rich intervals are primarily deposited in base of slope fans. The youngest of these turbidites is ca. 2600 years old. Sediment accumulation in these basins is low (&minus;1) for basin adjacent to carbonate platform, possibly due to limited sediment input during highstand sea-level conditions, sediment trapping and/or cohesive basin walls. We find no evidence of recent sediment transport (turbidites or debris flows) or sediment deformation that can be attributed to the ca. M7.2 1867 Virgin Islands earthquake whose epicentre was located on the north wall of the Virgin Islands Basin or to recent hurricanes that have impacted the region. The lack of significant appreciable pebble or greater size carbonate material in any of the available cores suggests that submarine landslide and basin-wide blocky debris flows have not been a significant mechanism of basin margin modification in the last several thousand years. Thus, basins such as those described here may be poor recorders of past natural hazards, but may provide a long-term record of past oceanographic conditions in ocean passages.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/bre.12076","usgsCitation":"Chaytor, J., and ten Brink, U., 2015, Event sedimentation in low-latitude deep-water carbonate basins, Anegada passage, northeast Caribbean: Basin Research, v. 27, no. 3, p. 310-335, https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12076.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"310","endPage":"335","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056213","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289821,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289785,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bre.12076"}],"otherGeospatial":"Anegada Passage, Caribbean","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -66.0,17.0 ], [ -66.0,19.0 ], [ -64.0,19.0 ], [ -64.0,17.0 ], [ -66.0,17.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0ebaae4b065ccca5fe327","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/bre.12076","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bre.12076","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Chaytor Jason D., ten Brink Uri S.","journalName":"Basin Research","publicationDate":"7/10/2014","auditedOn":"11/1/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chaytor, Jason D.","contributorId":88637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaytor","given":"Jason D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70117160,"text":"70117160 - 2015 - Rapid removal of nitrobenzene in a three-phase ozone loaded system with gas-liquid-liquid","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-09T15:05:04","indexId":"70117160","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T15:57:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1212,"text":"Chemical Engineering Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid removal of nitrobenzene in a three-phase ozone loaded system with gas-liquid-liquid","docAbstract":"<p>This study explores the removal rate of nitrobenzene (NB) using a new gas-liquid-liquid (G-L-L) three-phase ozone loaded system consisting of a gaseous ozone, an aqueous solvent phase, and a fluorinated solvent phase (perfluorodecalin, or FDC). The removal rate of NB was quantified in relation to six factors including 1) initial pH, 2) initial NB dosage, 3) gaseous ozone dosage, 4) free radical scavenger, 5) FDC pre-aerated gaseous ozone, and 6) reuse of FDC. The NB removal rate is positively affected by the first three factors. Compared with the conventional gas-liquid (water) (G-L) two-phase ozonation system, the free radical scavenger (tertiary butyl alcohol) has much less influence on the removal rate of NB in the G-L-L system. The FDC loaded ozone acts as an ozone reservoir and serves as the main reactive phase in the G-L-L three-phase system. The reuse of FDC has little influence on the removal rate of NB. These experimental results suggest that the oxidation efficiency of ozonation in the G-L-L three-phase system is better than that in the conventional G-L two-phase system.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Engineering Communications","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00986445.2013.867259","usgsCitation":"Li, S., Zhu, J., Wang, G., Ni, L., Zhang, Y., and Green, C.T., 2015, Rapid removal of nitrobenzene in a three-phase ozone loaded system with gas-liquid-liquid: Chemical Engineering Communications, v. 202, no. 6, p. 799-805, https://doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2013.867259.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"799","endPage":"805","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053439","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":290493,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290480,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2013.867259"}],"volume":"202","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd6f2ce4b0b29085106402","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Shiyin","contributorId":99055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Shiyin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhu, Jiangpeng","contributorId":86698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Jiangpeng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Guoxiang","contributorId":102397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Guoxiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ni, Lixiao","contributorId":73115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ni","given":"Lixiao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhang, Yong","contributorId":19029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Yong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Green, Christopher T. 0000-0002-6480-8194 ctgreen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-8194","contributorId":1343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Christopher","email":"ctgreen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70057694,"text":"70057694 - 2015 - Predicted avian responses to bioenergy development scenarios in an intensive agricultural landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T15:47:55","indexId":"70057694","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-27T14:21:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1718,"text":"GCB Bioenergy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicted avian responses to bioenergy development scenarios in an intensive agricultural landscape","docAbstract":"<p>Conversion of native prairie to agriculture has increased food and bioenergy production but decreased wildlife habitat. However, enrollment of highly erodible cropland in conservation programs has compensated for some grassland loss. In the future, climate change and production of second-generation perennial biofuel crops could further transform agricultural landscapes and increase or decrease grassland area. Switchgrass (<i>Panicum virgatum</i>) is an alternative biofuel feedstock that may be economically and environmentally superior to maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) grain for ethanol production on marginally productive lands. Switchgrass could benefit farmers economically and increase grassland area, but there is uncertainty as to how conversions between rowcrops, switchgrass monocultures and conservation grasslands might occur and affect wildlife. To explore potential impacts on grassland birds, we developed four agricultural land-use change scenarios for an intensively cultivated landscape, each driven by potential future climatic changes and ensuing irrigation limitations, ethanol demand, commodity prices, and continuation of a conservation program. For each scenario, we calculated changes in area for landcover classes and predicted changes in grassland bird abundances. Overall, birds responded positively to the replacement of rowcrops with switchgrass and negatively to the conversion of conservation grasslands to switchgrass or rowcrops. Landscape context and interactions between climate, crop water use, and irrigation availability could influence future land-use, and subsequently, avian habitat quality and quantity. Switchgrass is likely to provide higher quality avian habitat than rowcrops but lower quality habitat than conservation grasslands, and therefore, may most benefit birds in heavily cultivated, irrigation dependent landscapes under warmer and drier conditions, where economic profitability may also encourage conversions to drought tolerant bioenergy feedstocks.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"GCB Bioenergy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12157","usgsCitation":"Uden, D.R., Allen, C.R., Mitchell, R.B., McCoy, T.D., and Guan, Q., 2015, Predicted avian responses to bioenergy development scenarios in an intensive agricultural landscape: GCB Bioenergy, v. 7, no. 4, p. 717-726, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12157.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"717","endPage":"726","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052730","costCenters":[{"id":463,"text":"Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472480,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12157","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":289149,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289148,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12157"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.0535,39.9999 ], [ -104.0535,43.0017 ], [ -95.3083,43.0017 ], [ -95.3083,39.9999 ], [ -104.0535,39.9999 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"7","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae77eae4b0abf75cf2c536","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gcbb.12157","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12157","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Uden Daniel R., Allen Craig R., Mitchell Rob B., McCoy Tim D., Guan Qingfeng","journalName":"GCB Bioenergy","publicationDate":"6/3/2014","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Uden, Daniel R.","contributorId":74258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uden","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, Rob B.","contributorId":100715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Rob","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCoy, Tim D.","contributorId":86669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"Tim","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guan, Qingfeng","contributorId":85067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guan","given":"Qingfeng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70104727,"text":"70104727 - 2015 - Hydrologic response to valley-scale structure in alpine headwaters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-24T18:04:36","indexId":"70104727","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-19T09:54:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic response to valley-scale structure in alpine headwaters","docAbstract":"<p>Few systematic studies of valley-scale geomorphic drivers of streamflow regimes in complex alpine headwaters have compared response between catchments. As a result, little guidance is available for regional-scale hydrological research and monitoring efforts that include assessments of ecosystem function. Physical parameters such as slope, elevation range, drainage area and bedrock geology are often used to stratify differences in streamflow response between sampling sites within an ecoregion. However, these metrics do not take into account geomorphic controls on streamflow specific to glaciated mountain headwaters. The coarse-grained nature of depositional features in alpine catchments suggests that these landforms have little water storage capacity because hillslope runoff moves rapidly just beneath the rock mantle before emerging in fluvial networks. However, recent studies show that a range of depositional features, including talus slopes, protalus ramparts and 'rock-ice' features may have more storage capacity than previously thought.</p>\n<p>To better evaluate potential differences in streamflow response among basins with extensive coarse depositional features and those without, we examined the relationships between streamflow discharge, stable isotopes, water temperature and the amplitude of the diurnal signal at five basin outlets. We also quantified the percentages of colluvial channel length measured along the stepped longitudinal profile. Colluvial channels, characterized by the presence of surficial, coarse-grained depositional features, presented sediment-rich, transport-limited morphologies that appeared to have a cumulative effect on the timing and volume of flow downstream. Measurements taken from colluvial channels flowing through depositional landforms showed median recession constants (K<sub>r</sub>) of 0.9-0.95, &delta;<sup>18</sup>O values of &ge;&minus;14.5 and summer diurnal amplitudes &le;0.8 as compared with more typical surface water recession constant values of 0.7, &delta;<sup>18</sup>O&thinsp;&le;&thinsp;&minus;13.5 and diurnal amplitudes &gt;2.0. Our results demonstrated strong associations between the percentage of colluvial channel length within a catchment and moderated streamflow regimes, water temperatures, diurnal signals and depleted &delta;<sup>18</sup>O related to groundwater influx.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10141","usgsCitation":"Weekes, A.A., Torgersen, C., Montgomery, D.R., Woodward, A., and Bolton, S.M., 2015, Hydrologic response to valley-scale structure in alpine headwaters: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 3, p. 356-372, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10141.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"356","endPage":"372","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052531","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287280,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.853059,46.707817 ], [ -121.853059,47.026358 ], [ -121.442875,47.026358 ], [ -121.442875,46.707817 ], [ -121.853059,46.707817 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"537b19d2e4b0929ba496ab35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weekes, Anne A.","contributorId":11870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weekes","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":48143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery, David R.","contributorId":67389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bolton, Susan M.","contributorId":76987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolton","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70103310,"text":"70103310 - 2015 - High-resolution paleoclimatology of the Santa Barbara Basin during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and early Little Ice Age based on diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-09T10:06:27","indexId":"70103310","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-05T14:54:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-resolution paleoclimatology of the Santa Barbara Basin during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and early Little Ice Age based on diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC","docAbstract":"<p>Diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages documented in a high-resolution time series spanning 800 to 1600 AD in varved sediment recovered in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC (34&deg;16.845&rsquo; N, 120&deg;02.332&rsquo; W, water depth 588 m) from the Santa Barbara Basin (SBB) reveal that SBB surface water conditions during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the early part of the Little Ice Age (LIA) were not extreme by modern standards, mostly falling within one standard deviation of mean conditions during the pre anthropogenic interval of 1748 to 1900. No clear differences between the character of MCA and the early LIA conditions are apparent. During intervals of extreme droughts identified by terrigenous proxy scanning XRF analyses, diatom and silicoflagellate proxies for coastal upwelling typically exceed one standard deviation above mean values for 1748-1900, supporting the hypothesis that droughts in southern California are associated with cooler (or La Ni&ntilde;a-like) sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Increased percentages of diatoms transported downslope generally coincide with intervals of increased siliciclastic flux to the SBB identified by scanning XRF analyses. Diatom assemblages suggest only two intervals of the MCA (at ~897 to 922 and ~1151 to 1167) when proxy SSTs exceeded one standard deviation above mean values for 1748 to 1900. Conversely, silicoflagellates imply extreme warm water events only at ~830 to 860 (early MCA) and ~1360 to 1370 (early LIA) that are not supported by the diatom data. Silicoflagellates appear to be more suitable for characterizing average climate during the 5 to 11 year-long sample intervals studied in the SPR0901-02KC core than diatoms, probably because diatom relative abundances may be dominated by seasonal blooms of a particular year.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2014.04.020","usgsCitation":"Barron, J.A., Bukry, D.B., and Hendy, I.L., 2015, High-resolution paleoclimatology of the Santa Barbara Basin during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and early Little Ice Age based on diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in Kasten core SPR0901-02KC: Quaternary International, v. 387, p. 13-22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.04.020.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051912","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286826,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.04.020"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Barbara Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.50000,33.666667 ], [ -120.50000,34.666667 ], [ -119.00000,34.666667 ], [ -119.00000,33.666667 ], [ -120.50000,33.666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"387","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5368a4d1e4b059f7e82882ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bukry, David B.","contributorId":87070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hendy, Ingrid L.","contributorId":67416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendy","given":"Ingrid","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70059676,"text":"70059676 - 2015 - Demographic changes following mechanical removal of exotic brown trout in an Intermountain West (USA), high-elevation stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-19T15:36:45","indexId":"70059676","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-01T12:03:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographic changes following mechanical removal of exotic brown trout in an Intermountain West (USA), high-elevation stream","docAbstract":"<p>Exotic species present a great threat to native fish conservation; however, eradicating exotics is expensive and often impractical. Mechanical removal can be ineffective for eradication, but nonetheless may increase management effectiveness by identifying portions of a watershed that are strong sources of exotics. We used mechanical removal to understand processes driving exotic brown trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>) populations in the Logan River, Utah. Our goals were to: (i) evaluate the demographic response of brown trout to mechanical removal, (ii) identify sources of brown trout recruitment at a watershed scale and (iii) evaluate whether mechanical removal can reduce brown trout densities. We removed brown trout from 2 km of the Logan River (4174 fish), and 5.6 km of Right Hand Fork (RHF, 15,245 fish), a low-elevation tributary, using single-pass electrofishing. We compared fish abundance and size distributions prior to, and after 2 years of mechanical removal. In the Logan River, immigration to the removal reach and high natural variability in fish abundances limited the response to mechanical removal. In contrast, mechanical removal in RHF resulted in a strong recruitment pulse, shifting the size distribution towards smaller fish. These results suggest that, before removal, density-dependent mortality or emigration of juvenile fish stabilised adult populations and may have provided a source of juveniles to the main stem. Overall, in sites demonstrating strong density-dependent population regulation, or near sources of exotics, short-term mechanical removal has limited effects on brown trout populations but may help identify factors governing populations and inform large-scale management of exotic species.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12143","usgsCitation":"Saunders, W.C., Budy, P.E., and Thiede, G.P., 2015, Demographic changes following mechanical removal of exotic brown trout in an Intermountain West (USA), high-elevation stream: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 24, no. 2, p. 252-263, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12143.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"252","endPage":"263","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-034361","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12143","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":291664,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291663,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eff.12143"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","city":"Logan","otherGeospatial":"Logan River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.901876,41.692809 ], [ -111.901876,41.939489 ], [ -111.492027,41.939489 ], [ -111.492027,41.692809 ], [ -111.901876,41.692809 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e1efcae4b0fe532be2de0e","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/eff.12143","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eff.12143","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Saunders W. Carl, Budy Phaedra, Thiede Gary P.","journalName":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","publicationDate":"5/2/2014","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saunders, W. Carl","contributorId":46883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saunders","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Carl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budy, Phaedra E. pbudy@usgs.gov","contributorId":2232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"Phaedra","email":"pbudy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":322,"text":"Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thiede, Gary P.","contributorId":9154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thiede","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70141792,"text":"70141792 - 2015 - Trend analyses with river sediment rating curves","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-03-02T10:00:11","indexId":"70141792","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-25T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trend analyses with river sediment rating curves","docAbstract":"<p>Sediment rating curves, which are fitted relationships between river discharge (Q) and suspended-sediment concentration (C), are commonly used to assess patterns and trends in river water quality. In many of these studies it is assumed that rating curves have a power-law form (i.e., C = aQb, where a and b are fitted parameters). Two fundamental questions about the utility of these techniques are assessed in this paper: (i) How well to the parameters, a and b, characterize trends in the data? (ii) Are trends in rating curves diagnostic of changes to river water or sediment discharge? As noted in previous research, the offset parameter, a, is not an independent variable for most rivers, but rather strongly dependent on b and Q. Here it is shown that a is a poor metric for trends in the vertical offset of a rating curve, and a new parameter, &acirc;, as determined by the discharge-normalized power function [C = &acirc; (Q/QGM)b], where QGM is the geometric mean of the Q values sampled, provides a better characterization of trends. However, these techniques must be applied carefully, because curvature in the relationship between log(Q) and log(C), which exists for many rivers, can produce false trends in &acirc; and b. Also, it is shown that trends in &acirc; and b are not uniquely diagnostic of river water or sediment supply conditions. For example, an increase in &acirc; can be caused by an increase in sediment supply, a decrease in water supply, or a combination of these conditions. Large changes in water and sediment supplies can occur without any change in the parameters, &acirc; and b. Thus, trend analyses using sediment rating curves must include additional assessments of the time-dependent rates and trends of river water, sediment concentrations, and sediment discharge.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley Online Library","publisherLocation":"Chichester, Sussex, England","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10198","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J., 2015, Trend analyses with river sediment rating curves: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 6, p. 936-949, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10198.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"936","endPage":"949","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052344","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488444,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10198","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":298087,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54ec5d49e4b02d776a67dab9","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/hyp.10198","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10198","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Warrick Jonathan A.","journalName":"Hydrological Processes","publicationDate":"4/25/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814 jwarrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":139314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan A.","email":"jwarrick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":541095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70048328,"text":"70048328 - 2015 - Simulation of water-table aquifers using specified saturated thickness","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-27T16:53:35.611776","indexId":"70048328","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-20T13:20:04","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation of water-table aquifers using specified saturated thickness","docAbstract":"<p><span>Simulating groundwater flow in a water-table (unconfined) aquifer can be difficult because the saturated thickness available for flow depends on model-calculated hydraulic heads. It is often possible to realize substantial time savings and still obtain accurate head and flow solutions by specifying an approximate saturated thickness a priori, thus linearizing this aspect of the model. This specified-thickness approximation often relies on the use of the “confined” option in numerical models, which has led to confusion and criticism of the method. This article reviews the theoretical basis for the specified-thickness approximation, derives an error analysis for relatively ideal problems, and illustrates the utility of the approximation with a complex test problem. In the transient version of our complex test problem, the specified-thickness approximation produced maximum errors in computed drawdown of about 4% of initial aquifer saturated thickness even when maximum drawdowns were nearly 20% of initial saturated thickness. In the final steady-state version, the approximation produced maximum errors in computed drawdown of about 20% of initial aquifer saturated thickness (mean errors of about 5%) when maximum drawdowns were about 35% of initial saturated thickness. In early phases of model development, such as during initial model calibration efforts, the specified-thickness approximation can be a very effective tool to facilitate convergence. The reduced execution time and increased stability obtained through the approximation can be especially useful when many model runs are required, such as during inverse model calibration, sensitivity and uncertainty analyses, multimodel analysis, and development of optimal resource management scenarios.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12164","usgsCitation":"Sheets, R., Hill, M.C., Haitjema, H.M., Provost, A., and Masterson, J., 2015, Simulation of water-table aquifers using specified saturated thickness: Ground Water, v. 53, no. 1, p. 151-157, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12164.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"151","endPage":"157","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051323","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282837,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c59e4b08de9379b3743","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheets, Rodney A. rasheets@usgs.gov","contributorId":1848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheets","given":"Rodney A.","email":"rasheets@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haitjema, Henk M.","contributorId":74678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haitjema","given":"Henk","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Provost, Alden M.","contributorId":85652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Provost","given":"Alden M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":484340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413 jpmaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":1865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","email":"jpmaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":484338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70144555,"text":"70144555 - 2015 - Evidence of low genetic variation and rare alleles in a bottlenecked endangered island endemic, the Lasan Teal (Anas laysanensis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-09-04T19:46:37.140624","indexId":"70144555","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-29T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":222,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-063","title":"Evidence of low genetic variation and rare alleles in a bottlenecked endangered island endemic, the Lasan Teal (Anas laysanensis)","docAbstract":"<p>Genetic diversity is assumed to reflect the evolutionary potential and adaptability of populations, and thus quantifying the genetic diversity of endangered species is useful for recovery programs. In particular, if conservation strategies include reintroductions, periodic genetic assessments are useful to evaluate whether management efforts have resulted in the maximization or loss of genetic variation within populations over generations. In this study, we collected blood, feather, and tissue samples during 1999&ndash;2009 and quantified genetic diversity for a critically endangered waterfowl species endemic to the Hawaiian archipelago, the Laysan teal or duck (Anas laysanensis; n = 239 individual birds sampled). The last extant population of this species at Laysan Island was sourced in 2004&ndash;2005 for a &lsquo;wild to wild&rsquo; translocation of 42 individuals for an experimental reintroduction to Midway Atoll. To inform future management strategies, we compared genetic diversity sampled from the source population (n = 133 Laysan birds) including 23 of Midway&rsquo;s founders and offspring of the translocated population 2&ndash;5 years post release (n = 96 Midway birds). We attempted to identify polymorphic markers by screening nuclear microsatellite (N = 83) and intronic loci (N = 19), as well as the mitochondrial control region (mtDNA) for a subset of samples. Among 83 microsatellite loci screened, six were variable. We found low nuclear variation consistent with the species&rsquo; historical population bottlenecks and sequence variation was observed at a single intron locus. We detected no variation within the mtDNA. We found limited but similar estimates of allelic richness (2.58 alleles per locus) and heterozygosity within islands. Two rare alleles found in the Laysan Island source population were not present in the Midway translocated group, and a rare allele was discovered in an individual on Midway in 2008. We found similar genetic diversity and low, but statistically significant, levels of differentiation (0.6%) between island populations suggesting that genetic drift (as a result of translocation-induced population bottlenecking) has had a limited effect within five years post-release. Our results have utility for informing translocation and genetic management decisions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, M.H., Pearce, J.M., Lavretsky, P., Peters Jeffrey L, Courtot, K., and Seixas, P.P., 2015, Evidence of low genetic variation and rare alleles in a bottlenecked endangered island endemic, the Lasan Teal (Anas laysanensis): Technical Report HCSU-063, Report: ii, 14 p.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062847","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research 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0000-0002-8849-4054 kcourtot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-4054","contributorId":140002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Courtot","given":"Karen","email":"kcourtot@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Seixas, Pedro P.","contributorId":140003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seixas","given":"Pedro","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":13349,"text":"Centro de Reprodução Anatideos, PORTUGAL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70136228,"text":"70136228 - 2015 - Assessing stand water use in four coastal wetland forests using sapflow techniques: annual estimates, errors and associated uncertainties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-09T13:22:06","indexId":"70136228","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing stand water use in four coastal wetland forests using sapflow techniques: annual estimates, errors and associated uncertainties","docAbstract":"<p><span>Forests comprise approximately 37% of the terrestrial land surface and influence global water cycling. However, very little attention has been directed towards understanding environmental impacts on stand water use (</span><i>S</i><span>) or in identifying rates of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>S</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>from specific forested wetlands. Here, we use sapflow techniques to address two separate but linked objectives: (1) determine<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>S</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>in four, hydrologically distinctive South Carolina (USA) wetland forests from 2009&ndash;2010 and (2) describe potential error, uncertainty and stand-level variation associated with these assessments. Sapflow measurements were made from a number of tree species for approximately 2&ndash;8&thinsp;months over 2&thinsp;years to initiate the model, which was applied to canopy trees (DBH&thinsp;&gt;&thinsp;10&ndash;20&thinsp;cm). We determined that<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>S</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>in three healthy forested wetlands varied from 1.97&ndash;3.97&thinsp;mm&thinsp;day</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>or 355&ndash;687&thinsp;mm&thinsp;year</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>when scaled. In contrast, saltwater intrusion impacted individual tree physiology and size class distributions on a fourth site, which decreased<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>S</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>to 0.61&ndash;1.13&thinsp;mm&thinsp;day</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>or 110&ndash;196&thinsp;mm&thinsp;year</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>. The primary sources of error in estimations using sapflow probes would relate to calibration of probes and standardization relative to no flow periods and accounting for accurate sapflow attenuation with radial depth into the sapwood by species and site. Such inherent variation in water use among wetland forest stands makes small differences in<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>S</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(&lt;200&thinsp;mm&thinsp;year</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>) difficult to detect statistically through modelling, even though small differences may be important to local water cycling. These data also represent some of the first assessments of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>S</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>from temperate, coastal forested wetlands along the Atlantic coast of the USA.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10130","usgsCitation":"Krauss, K.W., Duberstein, J., and Conner, W.H., 2015, Assessing stand water use in four coastal wetland forests using sapflow techniques: annual estimates, errors and associated uncertainties: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 1, p. 112-127, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10130.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"112","endPage":"127","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043270","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297107,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b3ce4b08de9379b32ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duberstein, Jamie A.","contributorId":91007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duberstein","given":"Jamie A.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conner, William H.","contributorId":79376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conner","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}