Interest in the mechanical properties of water ice under the conditions in which it exists in the outer solar system has motivated the development and use of a new high‐pressure, low‐temperature triaxial deformation apparatus. Constant displacement rate tests on 70 samples of pure polycrystalline water ice have been performed at temperatures 77≤≤258 K, confining pressures 0.1≤≤350 MPa, and strain rates 3.5×10≤ ≤3.5×10 s. In most cases, the ice polymorph tested was ice . Both brittle and ductile behavior have been observed. Brittle behavior of ice, promoted by lower pressure, lower temperature, and higher strain rate, is analogous to that in rocks, with the important exception that brittle fracture strength becomes independent of confining pressure above 50 MPa pressure and the fracture angle is approximately 45° to the loading direction (i.e., the coefficient of internal friction is approximately zero). Ductile flow, the predominant behavior in our tests at ≥195 K, follows a law of form = σ exp (−*/) (σ is stress; is the gas constant; , * are material constants). Three sets of material constants are required to fit the data, with changes in sets (or mechanisms) occurring near 243 K and 195 K. The value of remains near 4 throughout the measured ductile field, but * drops from 91 to 61 to 31 /mole as temperature decreases. The maximum brittle strength measured was 171 MPa; the maximum ductile strength measured was 91 MPa. At confining pressures near the phase transition pressure of ice → ice II, the ductile strength is observed to drop dramatically. Some overlap with previous work occurs at higher temperatures and lower pressures. Agreement with present work is generally good, both quantitatively in the values of and *, and qualitatively in the mechanism of deformation. Although the ductile strengths measured here are somewhat higher than expected on the basis of extrapolations of previous work, the low value of * at <195 K indicates that the ice layer on icy bodies in the solar system is much weaker than has generally been predicted.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB088iS01p0B377","usgsCitation":"Durham, W., Heard, H.C., and Kirby, S.H., 1983, Experimental deformation of polycrystalline H2O ice at high pressure and low temperature: Preliminary results: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 88, p. B377-B392, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB088iS01p0B377.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"B377","endPage":"B392","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371311,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Durham, W.B.","contributorId":72135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durham","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heard, H. C.","contributorId":65997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heard","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, Stephen H. 0000-0003-1636-4688 skirby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-4688","contributorId":2752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Stephen","email":"skirby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207870,"text":"70207870 - 1983 - Rheology of the lithosphere","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-09T15:46:51.784527","indexId":"70207870","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-16T11:48:18","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3284,"text":"Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rheology of the lithosphere","docAbstract":"During the quadrennial term 1979–1982, major advances have been made in our knowledge of the rheology of the oceanic lithosphere by the skillful combination of experimental and theoretical rock mechanics, seismology and marine geophysics in increasingly sophisticated models for the flexure of the oceanic lithosphere at seamounts and island chains, along transform faults, and at subduction zones. The relative simplicity of plate bending geometry, thermal history, and mineralogical and chemical compositions of the oceanic plates in these settings make the geophysical observations very powerful constraints on the in situ rheology of the oceanic lithosphere. In the first part of this paper, I review the laboratory work on materials appropriate to the oceanic lithosphere with emphasis on contributions during the quadrennial period and the need for future work. The important results of flexure models incorporating realistic material properties are then summarized.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/RG021i006p01458","usgsCitation":"Kirby, S.H., 1983, Rheology of the lithosphere: Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics, v. 21, no. 6, p. 1458-1487, https://doi.org/10.1029/RG021i006p01458.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"1458","endPage":"1487","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371309,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-06-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirby, Stephen H. 0000-0003-1636-4688 skirby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-4688","contributorId":2752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Stephen","email":"skirby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70207865,"text":"70207865 - 1983 - Interaction of subsurface brines with oxygenated meteoric water, Ray Point Uranium District, South Texas, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-15T20:17:35","indexId":"70207865","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-15T20:13:04","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3353,"text":"Sciences Geologiques - Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interaction of subsurface brines with oxygenated meteoric water, Ray Point Uranium District, South Texas, USA","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","usgsCitation":"Goldhaber, M.B., Wanty, R.B., Chatham, J., Reynolds, R.L., and Langmuir, D., 1983, Interaction of subsurface brines with oxygenated meteoric water, Ray Point Uranium District, South Texas, USA: Sciences Geologiques - Bulletin, p. 143-151.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"151","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371298,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":371297,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.persee.fr/doc/sgeol_0302-2684_1983_act_73_1_2039"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.50146484374999,\n 25.780107118422244\n ],\n [\n -92.724609375,\n 25.780107118422244\n ],\n [\n -92.724609375,\n 32.194208672875384\n ],\n [\n -106.50146484374999,\n 32.194208672875384\n ],\n [\n -106.50146484374999,\n 25.780107118422244\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldhaber, Martin B. 0000-0002-1785-4243 mgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":1339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Martin","email":"mgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wanty, Richard B. 0000-0002-2063-6423 rwanty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","email":"rwanty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chatham, J.R.","contributorId":221665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chatham","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reynolds, R. L. 0000-0002-4572-2942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":79885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"R.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Langmuir, D.","contributorId":87303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langmuir","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70011099,"text":"70011099 - 1983 - Temperature and precipitation estimates through the last glacial cycle from Clear Lake, California, pollen data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-10T20:04:03.248998","indexId":"70011099","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature and precipitation estimates through the last glacial cycle from Clear Lake, California, pollen data","docAbstract":"Modern pollen surface samples from six lake and marsh sites in the northern California Coast Ranges establish a linear relation between elevation and the oak/(oak + pine) pollen ratio. Modern temperature and precipitation lapse rates were used to convert variations in the pollen ratio into temperature and precipitation changes. Pollen data from two cores from Clear Lake, Lake County, California, spanning the past 40,000 and 130,000 years were used to estimate temperature and precipitation changes through the last full glacial cycle. The maximum glacial cooling is estimated to be 7° to 8° C; the last full interglacial period was about 1.5° C warmer than the Holocene, and a mid-Holocene interval was warmer than the present. The estimated precipitation changes are probably less reliable than the estimated temperature changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.219.4581.168","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Adam, D., and West, G., 1983, Temperature and precipitation estimates through the last glacial cycle from Clear Lake, California, pollen data: Science, v. 219, no. 4581, p. 168-170, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.219.4581.168.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"168","endPage":"170","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221425,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Clear Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.9635380144356,\n 39.14844575495471\n ],\n [\n -122.9635380144356,\n 38.917438489493804\n ],\n [\n -122.5731123436415,\n 38.917438489493804\n ],\n [\n -122.5731123436415,\n 39.14844575495471\n ],\n [\n -122.9635380144356,\n 39.14844575495471\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"219","issue":"4581","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba4bbe4b08c986b320541","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adam, D.P.","contributorId":14815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adam","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"West, G. James","contributorId":40860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"G. James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70207763,"text":"70207763 - 1983 - Geologic evolution of Hess Rise, central North Pacific Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-24T15:00:15.252521","indexId":"70207763","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-09T14:09:21","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic evolution of Hess Rise, central North Pacific Ocean","docAbstract":"Cores from four Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) sites (310, 464, 465, and 466) and seismic-reflection profiles provide data that are used to interpret the geological evolution and paleoenvironments of Hess Rise, a prominent oceanic plateau in the central North Pacific Ocean. Hess Rise apparently formed in the Southern Hemisphere along the western flank of the Pacific-Farallon Ridge 110 to 100 m.y. B.P. Core stratigraphies and lithologies show the response of sedimentation to subsidence and northward movement of Hess Rise on the Pacific plate. Oceanic islands, which crowned Hess Rise during its early evolution, were eroded and subsequently subsided below sea level.
Major structural trends include three northwest-trending (∼327°) arms, or ridges, and an east-northeast-trending southern Hess Rise that parallels the Mendocino Fracture Zone (060°). Normal faults offset basement as much as 3,000 m along the southern edge and 1,500 m on the western flank of Hess Rise. Many faults were active during sedimentation.
Tholeiitic basalt from the base of Hole 464, trachyte from the base of Hole 465A, and alkalic basalt clasts within sediment of Hole 466 show the diversity of rock types that constitute the igneous basement. A major rock unit is middle Cretaceous limestone, chalk, and minor chert that form the basal sedimentary unit. Some limestone samples, rich in organic carbon, reflect accumulation above the carbonate compensation depth (CCD) within a mid-water oxygen minimum zone. The organic-carbon-rich sediments probably were deposited on the submarine slopes of islands and banks that were at upper bathyal depths as Hess Rise crossed the wide equatorial divergence where increased upwelling and biogenic productivity contributed to high accumulation rates. The source of organic matter was mostly lipid-rich, autochthonous, marine organic matter.
Analyses of sediment samples from across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary at Site 465 show that there was a significant decrease in surface water temperature and biological productivity. An abrupt increase in transition metals and iridium suggests that an outside source, perhaps extraterrestrial, was the cause for many of the sudden oceanographic, geochemical, and biological changes at the boundary.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1983)94<1289:GEOHRC>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Vallier, T., Dean, W.E., Rea, D.K., and Thiede, J., 1983, Geologic evolution of Hess Rise, central North Pacific Ocean: GSA Bulletin, v. 94, no. 11, p. 1289-1307, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1983)94<1289:GEOHRC>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1289","endPage":"1307","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371122,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Hess Rise, Central North Pacific Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -181.58203125,\n 11.178401873711785\n ],\n [\n -146.25,\n 11.178401873711785\n ],\n [\n -146.25,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -181.58203125,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -181.58203125,\n 11.178401873711785\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"94","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vallier, T. L.","contributorId":27513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallier","given":"T. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rea, David K.","contributorId":26823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rea","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7007,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, The University of Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":779230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thiede, Jorn","contributorId":88085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thiede","given":"Jorn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70207761,"text":"70207761 - 1983 - The chemical composition of lakes in the north‐central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-24T14:57:17.984547","indexId":"70207761","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-09T13:56:57","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The chemical composition of lakes in the north‐central United States","docAbstract":"Lake waters of the north‐central U.S.A. are classified into five groups, based on increasing specific conductivity and changes in ionic composition from east to west, from Wisconsin through Minnesota to North and South Dakota. The most dilute group of waters has specific conductivities <29 µmhos · cm−1 at 25°C; the most concentrated group has specific conductances that range from 7,000 to 73,000 µmhos. As conductivity increases all major ions increase, but there is a shift in cation dominance from Ca2 + to Mg2+ to Na+, and in anion dominance from HCO3− to SO42−. This shift partly reflects a westward increase in climatic aridity, and partly a westward sequence of glacial drifts from noncalcareous to calcareous and thence to calcareous with abundant sulfur‐bearing minerals. Levels of pH, K, Cl, F, B, and SiO2 also show a distinct westward increase. Concentrations of NO3− and Mn increase from east to west, but the trend is less distinct. Concentrations of Fe vary widely without any trend over the range of conductivity. Color, mostly from dissolved organic matter, is controlled chiefly by lake depth, except for lakes with extensive peatlands in their drainage basins.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.4319/lo.1983.28.2.0287","usgsCitation":"Gorham, E., Dean, W.E., and Sanger, J., 1983, The chemical composition of lakes in the north‐central United States: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 28, no. 2, p. 287-301, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1983.28.2.0287.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"301","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://purl.umn.edu/151358","text":"External Repository"},{"id":371120,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"North-central United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-91.217706,43.50055],[-96.591213,43.500514],[-96.439335,43.113916],[-96.630311,42.770885],[-96.483592,42.510345],[-97.302075,42.86566],[-98.035034,42.764205],[-98.568936,42.998537],[-104.053127,43.000585],[-104.048807,48.933636],[-95.153711,48.998903],[-95.153314,49.384358],[-94.878454,49.333193],[-94.640803,48.741171],[-93.818375,48.534442],[-92.984963,48.623731],[-92.634931,48.542873],[-92.698824,48.494892],[-92.341207,48.23248],[-92.066269,48.359602],[-91.542512,48.053268],[-90.88548,48.245784],[-90.703702,48.096009],[-89.489226,48.014528],[-90.735927,47.624343],[-92.058888,46.809938],[-92.025789,46.710839],[-91.781928,46.697604],[-90.880358,46.957661],[-90.78804,46.844886],[-90.920813,46.637432],[-90.327548,46.550262],[-89.929158,46.29975],[-88.141001,45.930608],[-88.13364,45.823128],[-87.831442,45.714938],[-87.887828,45.358122],[-87.647454,45.345232],[-87.72796,45.207956],[-87.59188,45.094689],[-87.983065,44.72073],[-87.970702,44.530292],[-87.021088,45.296541],[-87.73063,43.893862],[-87.910172,43.236634],[-87.800477,42.49192],[-90.614589,42.508053],[-91.078097,42.806526],[-91.177728,43.118733],[-91.062562,43.243165],[-91.217706,43.50055]]],[[[-86.880572,45.331467],[-86.956192,45.351179],[-86.82177,45.427602],[-86.880572,45.331467]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Minnesota\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gorham, Eville","contributorId":29689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorham","given":"Eville","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sanger, J.E.","contributorId":50037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanger","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207701,"text":"70207701 - 1983 - Tectonic evolution of Gulf of Anadyr and formation of Anadyr and Navarin basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-15T14:50:13.752638","indexId":"70207701","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-06T16:23:12","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":605,"text":"AAPG Bulletin","printIssn":"0149-1423","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic evolution of Gulf of Anadyr and formation of Anadyr and Navarin basins","docAbstract":"New seismic reflectionand refraction data reveal that Anadyr basin is separated from Navarin basin by Anadyr ridge, a southeast-northwest-trending bedrock high that is characterized by high-amplitude, short-wavelength magnetic anomalies. Anadyr ridge may be an offshore extension of the melange belt underlying the Koryak Range. Sonobuoy refraction data indicate that the velocity profile of strata in East Anadyr trough is similar to that in Navarin basin. Structurally, the basins are different.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAPG","doi":"10.1306/03B5B673-16D1-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Marlow, M.S., Cooper, A.K., and Childs, J.R., 1983, Tectonic evolution of Gulf of Anadyr and formation of Anadyr and Navarin basins: AAPG Bulletin, v. 67, no. 4, p. 646-665, https://doi.org/10.1306/03B5B673-16D1-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"646","endPage":"665","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371030,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia","state":"Siberia","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Anadyr and Navarin Basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -180,\n 62.062733258846514\n ],\n [\n -174.375,\n 62.83508901142283\n ],\n [\n -172.96875,\n 64.09140752262307\n ],\n [\n -175.341796875,\n 66.51326044311185\n ],\n [\n -181.93359375,\n 66.99884379185184\n ],\n [\n -187.998046875,\n 64.8115572502203\n ],\n [\n -183.33984375,\n 62.95522304515911\n ],\n [\n -180,\n 62.062733258846514\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marlow, Michael S.","contributorId":72775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marlow","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooper, Alan K. acooper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"Alan","email":"acooper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Childs, Jonathan R. jchilds@usgs.gov","contributorId":3155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childs","given":"Jonathan","email":"jchilds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207692,"text":"70207692 - 1983 - Wandering terranes in southern Alaska: The Aleutia Microplate and implications for the Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-15T14:48:59.025885","indexId":"70207692","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-06T14:22:15","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wandering terranes in southern Alaska: The Aleutia Microplate and implications for the Bering Sea","docAbstract":"Paleomagnetic and geological data suggest that much of southern Alaska is a collage of tectonostratigraphic terranes which originated in Mesozoic time at paleolatitudes far south of their present position. The time of ‘docking’ of the terranes against cratonic Alaska is critical to defining their amalgamated size and extent during their northward motion as well as their role in the evolution of the Bering Sea. One of the largest of the tectonostratigraphic terranes, the Peninsular terrane of south central and southwestern Alaska, extends offshore along the outer Bering Sea continental margin (Beringia). Paleomagnetic data suggest that this terrane has moved northward through all of Cenozoic time, but geologic data imply that the terrane had accreted to Alaska by the end of the Mesozoic. In early Cenozoic time the eastern part of the Aleutian arc appears to have been superimposed on the Peninsular terrane, and postulated northward Cenozoic motion of the terrane would therefore have required northward motion of the arc. Two accretion models, based on docking times for terranes in Alaska, are proposed, and they illustrate that large areas of the abyssal Bering Sea, the Alaska Peninsula, the Aleutian arc, and the Beringian continental margin may be part of a superterrane or microplate called Aleutia (microplate as defined by Beck et al. (1980), i.e., a microplate is a displaced segment of lithosphere that has crustal roots, whereas a superterrane is an amalgamation of terranes which may or may not be rootless). Model A implies that the Aleutian arc developed in situ on the southern edge of Aleutia after the microplate had docked. In model B, the final docking time of the Peninsular terrane is late Cenozoic, which implies that the Aleutia microplate encompasses a mammoth area that includes parts of southern Alaska, the Alaska Peninsula, the southern Beringian margin, the abyssal Bering Sea (Kula plate), and the Aleutian arc. If model A is correct, the docking time of the Peninsular terrane is late Mesozoic or earliest Tertiary. The Aleutia microplate in this model is made up solely of the abyssal Bering Sea (Kula plate), which presumably docked at the same time or slightly after the Peninsular terrane accreted against Alaska. If model B is correct, that is, if the Aleutia collided with nuclear Alaska during the Cenozoic, then a late Cenozoic suture zone, the vestige of a large open sea that must have closed between Aleutia and Alaska, must exist in south central and southwest Alaska. Either evidence for Cenozoic closure and suturing has been obliterated in Alaska or the inferences of Cenozoic terrane motion derived from paleomagnetic data are suspect.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB088iB04p03439","usgsCitation":"Marlow, M.S., and Cooper, A.K., 1983, Wandering terranes in southern Alaska: The Aleutia Microplate and implications for the Bering Sea: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 88, no. B4, p. 3439-3446, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB088iB04p03439.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"3439","endPage":"3446","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Southern Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -167.51953124999997,\n 57.70414723434193\n ],\n [\n -173.49609375,\n 57.088515327886505\n ],\n [\n -169.1015625,\n 52.64306343665892\n ],\n [\n -159.2578125,\n 53.4357192066942\n ],\n [\n -155.830078125,\n 56.84897198026975\n ],\n [\n -162.7734375,\n 58.07787626787517\n ],\n [\n -167.51953124999997,\n 57.70414723434193\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"B4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marlow, Michael S.","contributorId":72775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marlow","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":778986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooper, Alan K. acooper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"Alan","email":"acooper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":778987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70200599,"text":"70200599 - 1983 - Rehabilitation and revegetation: environmental report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-25T11:07:46","indexId":"70200599","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T16:54:12","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"Rehabilitation and revegetation: environmental report","language":"English","publisher":"Husky Oil NPR Operations Inc.","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, Alaska","usgsCitation":"Schindler, J.F., and Smith, P.D., 1983, Rehabilitation and revegetation: environmental report, 1 v.","productDescription":"1 v.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":358766,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schindler, John F.","contributorId":210050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schindler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Phillip D.J.","contributorId":210051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Phillip","email":"","middleInitial":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70006455,"text":"70006455 - 1983 - Nearshore phytoplankton of Hammond Bay, Lake Huron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-10-03T17:16:16","indexId":"70006455","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T15:44:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nearshore phytoplankton of Hammond Bay, Lake Huron","docAbstract":"To predict the effects of increased nutrient loading on nearshore phytoplankton populations in northern Lake Huron, we collected phytoplankton from a small, nearshore water intake at Hammond Bay four times per week from August 1973 to July 1975. Phytoplankton density, taxonomic composition, and biomass in the nearshore waters followed predictable, seasonal fluctuations during each of two 12-month periods. The density of total phytoplankton was high (450600 cells/mL) in June and low (60 to 210 cells/mL) from January to April each year. The mean annual composition of the phytoplankton assemblage by number for the study period was 33% cryptomonads, 24% diatoms, 16% chrysophytes, 16% blue-green algae, and 10% green algae. Phytoplankton biomass was low through each year (range, 0.09 to 0.66 g/m3), resembling values previously reported from Lake Superior. Pennate diatoms contributed 60 to 80% of the total biomass from December to April and in July. Phytoflagellates consisting of chrysophytes and cryptomonads accounted for 35% of the biomass throughout the 2-year study.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(83)71925-8","collaboration":"Abstract has subscript/superscript to be fixed","usgsCitation":"Brown, C.L., and Manny, B.A., 1983, Nearshore phytoplankton of Hammond Bay, Lake Huron: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 9, no. 4, p. 523-529, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(83)71925-8.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"523","endPage":"529","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":262254,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":262222,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(83)71925-8"}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e0961ee4b0fec3206ee815","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Charles L.","contributorId":102421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manny, Bruce A. 0000-0002-4074-9329 bmanny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4074-9329","contributorId":3699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manny","given":"Bruce","email":"bmanny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":354542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70200781,"text":"70200781 - 1983 - The Galilean satellite geological mapping program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-31T14:48:34","indexId":"70200781","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T14:47:55","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The Galilean satellite geological mapping program","docAbstract":"The Galilean Satellite Geological Mapping Program was established to illuminate detailed geologic relations on the four large satellites of Jupiter. The program involves about 40 investigators from various universities, reseach institutes, and government offices in the United Sttes, England, Germany, and Italy. A total of 24 researchers have been assigned to map 10 quadrangles on Ganymede, 15 to map 6 quadrangles on Io, and 3 to map 2 quadrangles on Europa. All maps are at a scale of 1:5 million except for three of the Io maps, where high-resolution pictures permitted compilation of selected areas at larger scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"NASA","usgsCitation":"Lucchitta, B.K., 1983, The Galilean satellite geological mapping program, p. 313-313.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"313","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359049,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucchitta, Baerbel K. blucchitta@usgs.gov","contributorId":3649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucchitta","given":"Baerbel","email":"blucchitta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":750492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70006480,"text":"70006480 - 1983 - Population biology of yellow perch in southern Lake Michigan, 1971-79","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-29T14:24:05","indexId":"70006480","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T14:19:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":89,"text":"Technical Paper","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"109","title":"Population biology of yellow perch in southern Lake Michigan, 1971-79","docAbstract":"This study was based mainly on gill-net collections of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) made during July and August 1971-79, in southern Lake Michigan at Grand Haven, Saugatuck, South Haven, Benton Harbor, and New Buffalo, Michigan; Michigan City and Gary, Indiana; Waukegan, Illinois; and Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Abundance of yellow perch was above the 1971-79 average in 1971 and 1972, below average in 1979, and about average or in doubt in the other years. Abundance during 1976-79 was greatest at Saugatuck and decreased more or less progressively from Saugatuck southward and around the southern end of the lake. The geographical differences in abundance were attributable partly to differences in fishing mortality. Average lengths of fish caught were greatest at Saugatuck, and generally greater in Michigan waters than in other areas; they were greater for females than for males. Fish sampled ranged in age from I to IX, but 88% of the males and 81% of the females were of ages II-V. Older perch were generally more common in State of Michigan waters, particularly at Saugatuck, than elsewhere. Females grew faster than males after the second year of life. Average lengths of males and females at the end of 3 years were 197 and 214 mm, respectively, in Michigan waters and 186 and 195 mm in Indiana-Illinois (few perch were caught in Wisconsin). The relation of weight (W) to length (L) for combined sexes was W = 2.6761(10-6) x L3.2644. Perch in southeastern Lake Michigan spawned mainly from late May to mid June. Virtually all males were mature in their second year, but some females not until their fourth year. Perch 174 to 355 mm long contained 9, 300 to 136, 000 eggs. Approximate mortalities of males and females in Michigan waters were 52% and 48%, respectively; rates were higher in Indiana-Illinois.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Wells, L., and Jorgenson, S.C., 1983, Population biology of yellow perch in southern Lake Michigan, 1971-79: Technical Paper 109, 19 p.","productDescription":"19 p.","numberOfPages":"19","temporalStart":"1979-01-01","temporalEnd":"1979-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287831,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.glsc.usgs.gov/publications/1983/591"},{"id":287832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.0434,41.6089 ], [ -88.0434,46.1024 ], [ -84.7385,46.1024 ], [ -84.7385,41.6089 ], [ -88.0434,41.6089 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5388570ce4b0318b93124af5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, LaRue","contributorId":75476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"LaRue","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jorgenson, Sherrell C.","contributorId":15934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"Sherrell","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":354596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":114,"text":"114 - 1983 - Groundwater radon studies for earthquake precursors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-04T13:32:17","indexId":"114","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T13:30:27","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Groundwater radon studies for earthquake precursors","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"Center for Earth Science, University of Southern California","publisherLocation":"Los Angeles, CA","doi":"10.3133/114","usgsCitation":"Teng, T., 1983, Groundwater radon studies for earthquake precursors, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/114.","productDescription":"24 p.","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291615,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e09e59e4b0beb42bdca446","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teng, Ta-liang","contributorId":18356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teng","given":"Ta-liang","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70120436,"text":"70120436 - 1983 - Manual of procedures for the salvage and necropsy of carcasses of the West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-06T16:11:05.088928","indexId":"70120436","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T13:12:14","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesNumber":"PB83-255273","title":"Manual of procedures for the salvage and necropsy of carcasses of the West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus)","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"National Technical Information Service","publisherLocation":"Springfield, VA","usgsCitation":"Bonde, R., O'Shea, T., and Beck, C., 1983, Manual of procedures for the salvage and necropsy of carcasses of the West Indian Manatee (Trichechus manatus), 175 p.","productDescription":"175 p.","numberOfPages":"175","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292205,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":390258,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ntrl.ntis.gov/NTRL/dashboard/searchResults/titleDetail/PB83255273.xhtml","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edcd4ee4b0f61b386d2431","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonde, R. K. 0000-0001-9179-4376","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4376","contributorId":63339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonde","given":"R. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Shea, T. J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":50100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"T. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beck, C.A. 0000-0002-5388-5418","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-5418","contributorId":78674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"C.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70169348,"text":"70169348 - 1983 - Possible relationships between trichinellosis and abnormal behavior in bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-25T12:02:41","indexId":"70169348","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T13:00:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Possible relationships between trichinellosis and abnormal behavior in bears","docAbstract":"Data compiled from parasite studies of grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) and black bears (U. americanus) in the Yellowstone and Glacier National Park populations and surrounding areas of Montana and Wyoming during 1969-79 are reviewed with reference to the possible influence of infection with the muscleworm Trichinella sp. on bear behavior. In grizzly bears, the high prevalence of this parasite (61% of 254 bears infected), the elevated larval concentrations in sensitive anatomical sites such as the tongue (average, 51 larvae per gram of tissue), and the chronic nature of bear infections as indicated by the tendency for highest infection rates to occur in older age classes (> 16 yrs.), suggest a potential behavior-modifying effect might exist. However, retrospective analysis of recent human attacks by 4 grizzlies and 2 black bears in the northern Rocky Mountain region failed to demonstrate a consistent connection between erratic conduct and levels of Trichinella larvae (trichinae) in bear tissues. Clinical similarities of trichinellosis in bears and humans are hypothesized, and possible behavioral effects of ursine trichinellosis are discussed.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Conference on Bear Research and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"International Conference on Bear Research and Management.","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Bear Research and Management.","publisherLocation":"Morges, Switzerland","usgsCitation":"Worley, D., Greer, K.R., and Palmisciano, D.A., 1983, Possible relationships between trichinellosis and abnormal behavior in bears, chap. of International Conference on Bear Research and Management, v. 5, p. 280-283.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"280","endPage":"283","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319401,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":319400,"rank":1,"type":{"id":6,"text":"Chapter"},"url":"https://www.bearbiology.com/fileadmin/tpl/Downloads/URSUS/Vol_5/Worley_et_al_Vol_5.pdf"}],"volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f661a9e4b07d796bf770dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Worley, David E.","contributorId":167866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Worley","given":"David E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Greer, Kenneth R.","contributorId":167860,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greer","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Palmisciano, Daniel A.","contributorId":30184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmisciano","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70120430,"text":"70120430 - 1983 - Grizzly bears that kill livestock","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T12:52:37","indexId":"70120430","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T12:51:44","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Grizzly bears that kill livestock","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"International Conference on Bear Research and Management","language":"English","publisher":"International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources","publisherLocation":"Morges, Switzerland","usgsCitation":"Knight, R., and Judd, S., 1983, Grizzly bears that kill livestock, 1 p.","productDescription":"1 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"1","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292200,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edcd4ce4b0f61b386d240d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knight, R.R.","contributorId":59063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Judd, S.L.","contributorId":17538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Judd","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70120427,"text":"70120427 - 1983 - Grizzly bear: habitat relationships in the Yellowstone area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-25T12:57:12","indexId":"70120427","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T12:44:40","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":978,"text":"Bears: Their Biology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Grizzly bear: habitat relationships in the Yellowstone area","docAbstract":"Habitat use by grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) was studied from 1977 through 1979 in a 20,000-km2 area with Yellowstone National Park in the center. Of 1826 aerial radio locations of 46 instrumental grizzlies, 90% were in timber. Three-fourths of the locations were 100 m or less from an edge between timber and an opening. Timber over 3 m tall with a canopy cover of 26-75% accounted for 50% of all activity sites from March through November. The Abies lasiocarpa/Vaccinium scoparium community alone contained 23% of the total activity sites and 35% of the forested activity sites. Of 507 observations of feeding activity, 45% were recorded in timber over 3 m tall with a canopy cover of 26-100%, 34% in timber with a 0.1-25% canopy cover, 20% in open habitats, and 3% in timber less than 3 m tall. Ninety-nine percent of examined day beds were in forested communities.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bears: Their Biology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"conferenceTitle":"Fifth International Conference on Bear Research and Management","conferenceDate":"February 1980","conferenceLocation":"Madison, WI","language":"English","publisher":"International Conference on Bear Research and Management","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.2307/3872528","usgsCitation":"Blanchard, B.M., 1983, Grizzly bear: habitat relationships in the Yellowstone area: Bears: Their Biology and Management, v. 5, p. 118-123, https://doi.org/10.2307/3872528.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"118","endPage":"123","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292196,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3872528"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.156,44.1324 ], [ -111.156,45.109 ], [ -109.8242,45.109 ], [ -109.8242,44.1324 ], [ -111.156,44.1324 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edcd4ce4b0f61b386d2407","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blanchard, Bonnie M.","contributorId":33633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blanchard","given":"Bonnie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221874,"text":"5221874 - 1983 - Lead accumulation and depression of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) in young birds fed automotive waste oil","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-12T17:09:11.219958","indexId":"5221874","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lead accumulation and depression of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) in young birds fed automotive waste oil","docAbstract":"The effects of a 3-week dietary exposure to automotive waste crankcase oil (WCO) were examined in 1-week-old mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducklings and pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) chicks. Treatment groups consisted of birds exposed to 0.5, 1.5, or 4.5% WCO, to 4.5% clean crankcase oil (CCO), or untreated controls. In both species, red blood cell ALAD activity was significantly inhibited after one week by 50 to 60% in the 0.5% WCO group and by 85 to 90% in the 4.5% WCO group due to the presence of lead. Growth, hematocrit, and hemoglobin were not significantly affected at the end of three weeks. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity was higher in mallards after three weeks of ingesting either 4.5% WCO or 4.5% CCO, suggesting an oil-related effect due to components other than lead. Treatment had no effect on plasma concentration of uric acid, glucose, triglycerides, total protein, or cholesterol. Lead analysis showed the WCO to contain 4,200 ppm Pb and the CCO to contain 2 ppm. Tissues of mallards were examined for accumulation of lead and the order of accumulation at the end of three weeks was kidney > liver > blood ∼ brain.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01054998","usgsCitation":"Eastin, W.C., Hoffman, D.J., and O’Leary, C.T., 1983, Lead accumulation and depression of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) in young birds fed automotive waste oil: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 12, no. 1, p. 31-35, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01054998.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193363,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8952","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eastin, W. C. Jr.","contributorId":6147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eastin","given":"W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, David J.","contributorId":86075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":334889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Leary, C. T.","contributorId":36241,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Leary","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70208076,"text":"70208076 - 1983 - The role of the USFWS geographic information system in coastal decisionmaking","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-28T07:00:23","indexId":"70208076","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T12:14:18","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The role of the USFWS geographic information system in coastal decisionmaking","docAbstract":"Unprecedented demand on coastal resources in the 1980's has generated a need for valid information and analyses to support wise management of the coastal zone. The National Coastal Ecosystems Team of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service recently implemented a geographic information system to enhance its ability to analyze and display environmental information about the coastal zone. Outputs from this system have been presented to the State of Louisiana Senate and House Committees on Natural Resources and to the Congressional House of Representatives Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. The purpose of this paper is to describe the use of the Map Overlay Statistical System for addressing selected coastal issues and to discuss its utility for coastal decisionmaking.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Auto-Carto 5: Proceedings: Environmental assessment and resource management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry and American Congress on Surveying and Mapping","usgsCitation":"Ader, R., and Stayner, F.O., 1983, The role of the USFWS geographic information system in coastal decisionmaking, in Auto-Carto 5: Proceedings: Environmental assessment and resource management, p. 1-12.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371574,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":371573,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cartogis.org/docs/proceedings/archive/auto-carto-5/index.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi River Delta, Mobile Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.19750976562499,\n 28.806173508854776\n ],\n [\n -88.96728515624999,\n 28.806173508854776\n ],\n [\n -88.96728515624999,\n 30.344435586368462\n ],\n [\n -91.19750976562499,\n 30.344435586368462\n ],\n [\n -91.19750976562499,\n 28.806173508854776\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.29711914062499,\n 30.149877316442065\n ],\n [\n -87.7313232421875,\n 30.149877316442065\n ],\n [\n -87.7313232421875,\n 30.746556862773616\n ],\n [\n -88.29711914062499,\n 30.746556862773616\n ],\n [\n -88.29711914062499,\n 30.149877316442065\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.2109375,\n 25.562265014427492\n ],\n [\n -83.0126953125,\n 28.033197847676377\n ],\n [\n -82.79296874999999,\n 29.075375179558346\n ],\n [\n -84.0673828125,\n 30.259067203213018\n ],\n [\n -85.1220703125,\n 29.80251790576445\n ],\n [\n -86.3525390625,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -88.9013671875,\n 30.259067203213018\n ],\n [\n -90.65917968749999,\n 29.036960648558267\n ],\n [\n -91.845703125,\n 29.84064389983441\n ],\n [\n -92.548828125,\n 29.38217507514529\n ],\n [\n -93.9990234375,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -97.470703125,\n 27.527758206861886\n ],\n [\n -97.1630859375,\n 25.839449402063185\n ],\n [\n -97.6904296875,\n 25.12539261151203\n ],\n [\n -97.6904296875,\n 21.820707853875017\n ],\n [\n -96.1962890625,\n 19.186677697957833\n ],\n [\n -94.39453125,\n 18.396230138028827\n ],\n [\n -91.93359375,\n 18.687878686034182\n ],\n [\n -90.263671875,\n 21.3303150734318\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 21.779905342529645\n ],\n [\n -81.2109375,\n 25.562265014427492\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ader, Robert","contributorId":218020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ader","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stayner, Floyd O.","contributorId":216223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stayner","given":"Floyd","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70120421,"text":"70120421 - 1983 - Aspects of food finding by wintering Bald Eagles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-13T15:43:04","indexId":"70120421","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T11:57:24","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aspects of food finding by wintering Bald Eagles","docAbstract":"We examined three aspects of food location by Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) wintering along the Nooksack River, Washington. First, eagles used intra- and interspecific local enhancement to locate food. Second, the time that eagles spent aerially searching for food, as indicated by the percentage of eagles flying or soaring, was negatively correlated with relative food availability. Third, eagles often followed others when departing from or arriving at communal night roosts. Following was most frequent when all food was eliminated by flood waters, suggesting a possible food-location function of this behavior. During the flood period, adult eagles were followed more often than immatures.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Knight, S.K., and Knight, R., 1983, Aspects of food finding by wintering Bald Eagles: The Auk, v. 100, no. 2, p. 477-484.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"477","endPage":"484","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292193,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341261,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4086542"}],"volume":"100","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edcd43e4b0f61b386d23a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knight, Susan K.","contributorId":22699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knight, Richard L.","contributorId":46014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Richard L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70120418,"text":"70120418 - 1983 - Systematic relationships of gray wolves (Canis lupus) in southwestern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T14:51:13","indexId":"70120418","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T11:43:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5670,"text":"Occasional Papers, the Museum of Southwestern Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Systematic relationships of gray wolves (Canis lupus) in southwestern North America","title":"Systematic relationships of gray wolves (Canis lupus) in southwestern North America","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"Museum of Southwestern Biology","publisherLocation":"Albuquerque, NM","usgsCitation":"Bogan, M., and Mehlhop, P., 1983, Systematic relationships of gray wolves (Canis lupus) in southwestern North America: Occasional Papers, the Museum of Southwestern Biology, v. 1, 21 p.","productDescription":"21 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edcd52e4b0f61b386d2491","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bogan, Michael A.","contributorId":27128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bogan","given":"Michael A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mehlhop, Patricia","contributorId":67046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehlhop","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70236826,"text":"70236826 - 1983 - Delineation of blue-ice areas in Antarctica from satellite imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-19T16:30:55.055324","indexId":"70236826","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T11:25:31","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Delineation of blue-ice areas in Antarctica from satellite imagery","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Antarctic glaciology and meteorites — Discussions, recommendations and abstracts of a workshop held in Houston on April 19–21, 1982","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Lunar and Planetary Institute","usgsCitation":"Williams, R., Meunier, T.K., and Ferrigno, J.G., 1983, Delineation of blue-ice areas in Antarctica from satellite imagery, in Antarctic glaciology and meteorites — Discussions, recommendations and abstracts of a workshop held in Houston on April 19–21, 1982, p. 49-50.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"50","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":406980,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":406979,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://repository.hou.usra.edu/handle/20.500.11753/910"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Richard S. Jr.","contributorId":90679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Richard S.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meunier, Tony K.","contributorId":52662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meunier","given":"Tony","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ferrigno, Jane G. jferrign@usgs.gov","contributorId":39825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrigno","given":"Jane","email":"jferrign@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":852285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70120417,"text":"70120417 - 1983 - Use of pine nuts by grizzly and black bears in the Yellowstone area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-14T11:39:08","indexId":"70120417","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T11:19:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":978,"text":"Bears: Their Biology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of pine nuts by grizzly and black bears in the Yellowstone area","docAbstract":"The large seeds (pine nuts) of whitebark pine are commonly eaten in the spring (March-May) and fall (September-November) by grizzly and black bears in Yellowstone National Park and adjacent areas (Craighead and Craighead 1972, Blanchard 1978, Mealey 1980) and western Montana (Tisch 1961; J. Sumner and J. J. Craighead, unpubl. rep., Montant Coop. Wildl. Res. Unit, Univ. Montana, Missoula, 1973). Similar nuts from limber pine are eaten by grizzly bears on the east Rocky Mountain Front of northwestern Montana (Schallenberger and Jonkel, annual rep., Border Grizzly Project, Univ. Montana, Missoula, 1980). The nuts of the European stone pine (P. cembra) are an important food for brown bears (U. arctos) throughout the taiga zone in the Soviet Union (Pavlov and Zhdanov 1972, Ustinov 1972, Yazan 1972). Both the production of whitebark pine cones (Forcella 1977, Blanchard 1978, Mealey 1980) and the quantity of nuts consumed by bears vary annually (Mealey 1975, Blancard 1978).
\nPine nuts are also an important food for red squirrels in whitebark forests. In fall, squirrels remove cones from trees and cache them in middens. Bears as well as other mammalian and avian seed predators compete with squirrels for whitebark nuts (Forcella 1977, Tomback 1977).
\nConfusion about the ripening process of whitebark pine cones has resulted in errors in the literature on the availability of pine nuts as a bear food. Whitebark cones are indehiscent and do not disintegrate (Tomback 1981). Vertebrate foraging probably leaves few, if any, seed-bearing cones on trees by late fall; the cones remaining abscise sometime thereafter (Tomback 1981). Because cones do not abscise or release their seed in fall, bears may obtain pine nuts in 2 ways. Black bears may climb whitebark pine trees and break off cone-bearing brnahces to feed on cones (Tisch 1961, Mealey 1975, Forcella 1977); or both black bears and grizzly bears may raid squirrel caches to feed on pine nuts (Tisch 1961, Craighead and Craighead 1972, Blanchard 1978). The purpose of this study was to determine (1) the major source of pine nuts for bears, (2) why cone scales do not appear in bear scat containing pine nuts, and (3) what factors influence bear use of pine nuts.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bears: Their Biology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Conference on Bear Research and Management","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.2307/3872534","usgsCitation":"Kendall, K.C., 1983, Use of pine nuts by grizzly and black bears in the Yellowstone area: Bears: Their Biology and Management, v. 5, p. 166-173, https://doi.org/10.2307/3872534.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"166","endPage":"173","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292188,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292187,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3872534"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.156,44.1324 ], [ -111.156,45.109 ], [ -109.8242,45.109 ], [ -109.8242,44.1324 ], [ -111.156,44.1324 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53edcd56e4b0f61b386d24be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendall, Katherine C. 0000-0002-4831-2287 kkendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-2287","contributorId":3081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Katherine","email":"kkendall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70231498,"text":"70231498 - 1983 - Combining Landsat and geophysical data for mineral and groundwater exploration in the Tucson area, Arizona, and Sonora","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-11T16:28:46.304482","indexId":"70231498","displayToPublicDate":"1983-01-01T11:17:24","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Combining Landsat and geophysical data for mineral and groundwater exploration in the Tucson area, Arizona, and Sonora","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1983","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"53rd Annual International Meeting and Exposition of Society of Exploration Geophysicists","conferenceDate":"September 11-15, 1983","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, Nevada, United States","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1893806","usgsCitation":"Hastings, D.A., 1983, Combining Landsat and geophysical data for mineral and groundwater exploration in the Tucson area, Arizona, and Sonora, in SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1983, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, September 11-15, 1983, p. 194-197, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893806.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"194","endPage":"197","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400514,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Arizona, Sonora","city":"Tucson","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.96142578125,\n 30.62845887475364\n ],\n [\n -109.00634765625,\n 30.62845887475364\n ],\n [\n -109.00634765625,\n 33.458942753687644\n ],\n [\n -112.96142578125,\n 33.458942753687644\n ],\n [\n -112.96142578125,\n 30.62845887475364\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-03-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hastings, D. A.","contributorId":48197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hastings","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}