Forests comprise approximately 37% of the terrestrial land surface and influence global water cycling. However, very little attention has been directed towards understanding environmental impacts on stand water use (S) or in identifying rates of S from specific forested wetlands. Here, we use sapflow techniques to address two separate but linked objectives: (1) determine S in four, hydrologically distinctive South Carolina (USA) wetland forests from 2009–2010 and (2) describe potential error, uncertainty and stand-level variation associated with these assessments. Sapflow measurements were made from a number of tree species for approximately 2–8 months over 2 years to initiate the model, which was applied to canopy trees (DBH > 10–20 cm). We determined that S in three healthy forested wetlands varied from 1.97–3.97 mm day−1 or 355–687 mm year−1 when scaled. In contrast, saltwater intrusion impacted individual tree physiology and size class distributions on a fourth site, which decreased S to 0.61–1.13 mm day−1 or 110–196 mm year−1. The primary sources of error in estimations using sapflow probes would relate to calibration of probes and standardization relative to no flow periods and accounting for accurate sapflow attenuation with radial depth into the sapwood by species and site. Such inherent variation in water use among wetland forest stands makes small differences in S (<200 mm year−1) difficult to detect statistically through modelling, even though small differences may be important to local water cycling. These data also represent some of the first assessments of S from temperate, coastal forested wetlands along the Atlantic coast of the USA.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10130","usgsCitation":"Krauss, K.W., Duberstein, J., and Conner, W.H., 2015, Assessing stand water use in four coastal wetland forests using sapflow techniques: annual estimates, errors and associated uncertainties: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 1, p. 112-127, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10130.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"112","endPage":"127","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043270","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297107,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b3ce4b08de9379b32ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":537215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duberstein, Jamie A.","contributorId":91007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duberstein","given":"Jamie A.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conner, William H.","contributorId":79376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conner","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":537217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70125328,"text":"sir20145140 - 2015 - Hydrogeologic characterization and assessment of bioremediation of chlorinated benzenes and benzene in wetland areas, Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. Superfund Site, New Castle County, Delaware, 2009-12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:42:52","indexId":"sir20145140","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5140","title":"Hydrogeologic characterization and assessment of bioremediation of chlorinated benzenes and benzene in wetland areas, Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. Superfund Site, New Castle County, Delaware, 2009-12","docAbstract":"Wetlands at the Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. Superfund Site (SCD) in New Castle County, Delaware, are affected by contamination with chlorobenzenes and benzene from past waste storage and disposal, spills, leaks, and contaminated groundwater discharge. In cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Geological Survey began an investigation in June 2009 to characterize the hydrogeology and geochemistry in the wetlands and assess the feasibility of monitored natural attenuation and enhanced bioremediation as remedial strategies. Groundwater flow in the wetland study area is predominantly vertically upward in the wetland sediments and the underlying aquifer, and groundwater discharge accounts for a minimum of 47 percent of the total discharge for the subwatershed of tidal Red Lion Creek. Thus, groundwater transport of contaminants to surface water could be significant. The major contaminants detected in groundwater in the wetland study area included benzene, monochlorobenzene, and tri- and di-chlorobenzenes. Shallow wetland groundwater in the northwest part of the wetland study area was characterized by high concentrations of total chlorinated benzenes and benzene (maximum about 75,000 micrograms per liter [μg/L]), low pH, and high chloride. In the northeast part of the wetland study area, wetland groundwater had low to moderate concentrations of total chlorinated benzenes and benzene (generally not greater than 10,000 μg/L), moderate pH, and high sulfate concentrations. Concentrations in the groundwater in excess of 1 percent of the solubility of the individual chlorinated benzenes indicate that a contaminant source is present in the wetland sediments as dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). Consistently higher contaminant concentrations in the shallow wetland groundwater than deeper in the wetland sediments or the aquifer also indicate a continued source in the wetland sediments, which could include dissolution of DNAPLs and desorption from the sediments.
When highly reducing, methanogenic, or sulfate-reducing conditions existed in the wetland groundwater, molar composition of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) showed that chlorobenzene and benzene were predominant, indicating biodegradation of the chlorinated benzenes through reductive dechlorination pathways. Temporal changes in redox conditions between 2009 and 2011–12 have shifted the locations in the wetland study area where reductive dechlorination is evident. Microbial community analyses of sediment showed relatively high cell numbers and diversity of populations (Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, Desulfitobacterium, and Geobacter) that are known to contain species capable of reductive dechlorination, confirming groundwater geochemistry evidence of the occurrence of reductive dechlorination. Natural attenuation was not sufficient, however, to reduce total VOC concentrations along upward groundwater flowpaths in the wetland sediments, most likely due to the additional source of contaminants in the upper sediments. In situ microcosms that were unamended except for the addition of 13C-labeled contaminants in some treatments, confirmed that the native microbial community was able to biodegrade the higher chlorinated benzenes through reductive dechlorination and that 1,2-dichlorobenzene, chlorobenzene, and benzene could be degraded to carbon dioxide through oxidation pathways. Microcosms that were bioaugmented with the anaerobic dechlorinating consortium WBC-2 and deployed in the wetland sediments showed reductive dechlorination of tri-, di-, and monochlorobenzene, and 13C-chlorobenzene treatments showed complete degradation of chlorobenzene to carbon dioxide under anaerobic conditions.
Experiments with a continuous flow, fixed-film bioreactor seeded with native microorganisms in groundwater from the wetland area showed both aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of dichlorobenzenes, monochlorobenzene, and benzene, although monochlorobenzene and benzene degradation rates decreased under anaerobic conditions compared to aerobic conditions. In two bioreactors with established biofilms of WBC-2, percent removals of all chlorinated benzene compounds (medians of 86 to 94 percent) under anaerobic conditions were as high as those observed for the bioreactors seeded only with native microorganisms from the site groundwater, and benzene removal was greater in the WBC-2 bioaugmented bioreactors. The high percent removals in the WBC-2 bioreactors without the need for an acclimation period indicates that the same dechlorinators are involved in the chlorinated benzene degradation as those for the chlorinated ethanes and ethenes that the culture was developed to degrade. The ability of the WBC-2 culture to completely reduce the chlorinated benzenes and benzene, even in the presence of high sulfate and sulfide concentrations, is unique for known dechlorinating cultures. The availability of the established culture WBC-2, as well as the ability of the native wetland microbial community to degrade the site contaminants under anaerobic and aerobic conditions, provides flexibility in considering bioremediation options for the wetland areas at SCD.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145140","collaboration":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Lorah, M.M., Walker, C.W., Baker, A.C., Teunis, J.A., Emily Majcher, Brayton, M.J., Raffensperger, J.P., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2015, Hydrogeologic characterization and assessment of bioremediation of chlorinated benzenes and benzene in wetland areas, Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. Superfund Site, New Castle County, Delaware, 2009-12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5140, x, 89 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145140.","productDescription":"x, 89 p.","numberOfPages":"106","ipdsId":"IP-057395","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352718,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297248,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5140/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","county":"New Castle County","otherGeospatial":"Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc. Superfund Site","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"545c8d9fe4b0ba8303f70391","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorah, Michelle M. 0000-0002-9236-587X mmlorah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-587X","contributorId":1437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorah","given":"Michelle","email":"mmlorah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walker, Charles W. cwwalker@usgs.gov","contributorId":138712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Charles","email":"cwwalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":538423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, Anna C. 0000-0001-8194-7535 abaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8194-7535","contributorId":4689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Anna","email":"abaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Teunis, Jessica A. jateunis@usgs.gov","contributorId":5657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teunis","given":"Jessica","email":"jateunis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Emily Majcher","contributorId":138713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Emily Majcher","affiliations":[{"id":7050,"text":"Contractor, ETI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brayton, Michael J. mbrayton@usgs.gov","contributorId":2993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brayton","given":"Michael","email":"mbrayton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Raffensperger, Jeff P. 0000-0001-9275-6646 jpraffen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9275-6646","contributorId":199119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raffensperger","given":"Jeff","email":"jpraffen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70058589,"text":"70058589 - 2015 - Depletion of florfenicol amine in tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) maintained in a recirculating aquaculture system following Aquaflor®-medicated feed therapy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-01T22:07:49.564296","indexId":"70058589","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-10T12:37:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":857,"text":"Aquaculture Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Depletion of florfenicol amine in tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) maintained in a recirculating aquaculture system following Aquaflor®-medicated feed therapy","title":"Depletion of florfenicol amine in tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) maintained in a recirculating aquaculture system following Aquaflor®-medicated feed therapy","docAbstract":"Aquaflor® [50% w w−1 florfenicol (FFC)], is approved for use in freshwater‐reared warmwater finfish which include tilapia Oreochromis spp. in the United States to control mortality from Streptococcus iniae. The depletion of florfenicol amine (FFA), the marker residue of FFC, was evaluated after feeding FFC‐medicated feed to deliver a nominal 20 mg FFC kg−1 BW d−1 dose (1.33× the label use of 15 mg FFC kg−1 BW d−1) to Nile tilapia O. niloticus and hybrid tilapia O. niloticus × O. aureus held in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) at production‐scale holding densities. Florfenicol amine concentrations were determined in fillets taken from 10 fish before dosing and from 20 fish at nine time points after dosing (from 1 to 240 h post‐dosing). Water samples were assayed for FFC before, during and after the dosing period. Parameters monitored included daily feed consumption and biofilter function (levels of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate). Mean fillet FFA concentration decreased from 13.77 μg g−1 at 1‐h post dosing to 0.39 μg g−1 at 240‐h post dosing. Water FFC concentration decreased from a maximum of 1400 ng mL−1 at 1 day post‐dosing to 847 ng mL−1 at 240 h post‐dosing. There were no adverse effects noted on fish, feed consumption or biofilter function associated with FFC‐medicated feed administration to tilapia.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/are.12340","usgsCitation":"Gaikowski, M.P., Whitsel, M.K., Charles, S., Schleis, S., Crouch, L.S., and Endris, R.G., 2015, Depletion of florfenicol amine in tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) maintained in a recirculating aquaculture system following Aquaflor®-medicated feed therapy: Aquaculture Research, v. 46, no. 8, p. 1842-1857, https://doi.org/10.1111/are.12340.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1842","endPage":"1857","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049032","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280241,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52a837e1e4b027f847da5850","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitsel, Melissa K.","contributorId":23054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitsel","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Charles, Shawn","contributorId":47679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charles","given":"Shawn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schleis, Susan M.","contributorId":97778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schleis","given":"Susan M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crouch, Louis S.","contributorId":10708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crouch","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Endris, Richard G.","contributorId":44784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Endris","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70159966,"text":"70159966 - 2015 - USGS46 Greenland ice core water – A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-07T13:34:45","indexId":"70159966","displayToPublicDate":"2013-12-03T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1822,"text":"Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS46 Greenland ice core water – A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water","docAbstract":"Ice core from Greenland was melted, filtered, homogenised, loaded into glass ampoules, sealed, autoclaved to eliminate biological activity, and calibrated by dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. This isotopic reference material (RM), USGS46, is intended as one of two secondary isotopic reference waters for daily normalisation of stable hydrogen (δ2H) and stable oxygen (δ18O) isotopic analysis of water with a mass spectrometer or a laser absorption spectrometer. The measured δ2H and δ18O values of this reference water were −235.8 ± 0.7‰ and −29.80 ± 0.03‰, respectively, relative to VSMOW on scales normalised such that the δ2H and δ18O values of SLAP reference water are, respectively, −428 and −55.5‰. Each uncertainty is an estimated expanded uncertainty (U = 2uc) about the reference value that provides an interval that has about a 95-percent probability of encompassing the true value. This reference water is available in cases containing 144 glass ampoules that are filled with either 4 ml or 5 ml of water per ampoule.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association scientifique pour la géologie et ses applications with the assistance of the Centre national de la recherche scientifique","publisherLocation":"Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-908X.2013.00267.x","usgsCitation":"Coplen, T.B., Qi, H., Tarbox, L.V., Lorenz, J.M., and Buck, B., 2015, USGS46 Greenland ice core water – A new isotopic reference material for δ2H and δ18O measurements of water: Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, v. 38, no. 2, p. 153-157, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-908X.2013.00267.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"153","endPage":"157","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050146","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5666bbf9e4b06a3ea36c8b58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qi, Haiping 0000-0002-8339-744X haipingq@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8339-744X","contributorId":507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qi","given":"Haiping","email":"haipingq@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tarbox, Lauren V. 0000-0002-4126-1851 ltarbox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4126-1851","contributorId":5319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarbox","given":"Lauren","email":"ltarbox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lorenz, Jennifer M. 0000-0002-5826-7264 jlorenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-7264","contributorId":3558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenz","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlorenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buck, Bryan bbuck@usgs.gov","contributorId":2326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buck","given":"Bryan","email":"bbuck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70148383,"text":"70148383 - 2015 - Can treatment and disposal costs be reduced through metal recovery?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-05T13:46:14","indexId":"70148383","displayToPublicDate":"2013-10-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Can treatment and disposal costs be reduced through metal recovery?","docAbstract":"This paper describes a framework to conduct a “metal-recovery feasibility assessment” for mining influenced water (MIW) and associated treatment sludge. There are multiple considerations in such a determination, including the geologic/geochemical feasibility, market feasibility, technical feasibility, economic feasibility, and administrative feasibility. Each of these considerations needs to be evaluated to determine the practicality of metal recovery from a particular MIW.","conferenceTitle":"International Mine Water Association 2013 Annual Conference","conferenceDate":"August 5-9, 2013","conferenceLocation":"Golden, CO","language":"English","publisher":"International Mine Water Association","usgsCitation":"Smith, K.S., Figueroa, L., and Plumlee, G.S., 2015, Can treatment and disposal costs be reduced through metal recovery?, International Mine Water Association 2013 Annual Conference, Golden, CO, August 5-9, 2013, p. 729-734.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"729","endPage":"734","ipdsId":"IP-046313","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342105,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59366dace4b0f6c2d0d7d63c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Kathleen S. 0000-0001-8547-9804 ksmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-9804","contributorId":182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kathleen","email":"ksmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Figueroa, Linda","contributorId":112780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Figueroa","given":"Linda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plumlee, Geoffrey S. 0000-0002-9607-5626 gplumlee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5626","contributorId":960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plumlee","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gplumlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70160574,"text":"70160574 - 2015 - Estimating evapotranspiration and groundwater flow from water-table fluctuations for a general wetland scenario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-23T10:43:19","indexId":"70160574","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-07T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1447,"text":"Ecohydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating evapotranspiration and groundwater flow from water-table fluctuations for a general wetland scenario","docAbstract":"The use of diurnal water-table fluctuation methods to calculate evapotranspiration (ET) and groundwater flow is of increasing interest in ecohydrological studies. Most studies of this type, however, have been located in riparian wetlands of semi-arid regions where groundwater levels are consistently below topographic surface elevations and precipitation events are infrequent. Current methodologies preclude application to a wider variety of wetland systems. In this study, we extended a method for estimating sub-daily ET and groundwater flow rates from water-level fluctuations to fit highly dynamic, non-riparian wetland scenarios. Modifications included (1) varying the specific yield to account for periodic flooded conditions and (2) relating empirically derived ET to estimated potential ET for days when precipitation events masked the diurnal signal. To demonstrate the utility of this method, we estimated ET and groundwater fluxes over two growing seasons (2006–2007) in 15 wetlands within a ridge-and-swale wetland complex of the Laurentian Great Lakes under flooded and non-flooded conditions. Mean daily ET rates for the sites ranged from 4.0 mm d−1 to 6.6 mm d−1. Shallow groundwater discharge rates resulting from evaporative demand ranged from 2.5 mm d−1 to 4.3 mm d−1. This study helps to expand our understanding of the evapotranspirative demand of plants under various hydrologic and climate conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","publisherLocation":"Chilchester, UK","doi":"10.1002/eco.1356","usgsCitation":"Carlson Mazur, M.L., Michael J. Wiley, and Douglas A. Wilcox, 2015, Estimating evapotranspiration and groundwater flow from water-table fluctuations for a general wetland scenario: Ecohydrology, v. 7, no. 2, p. 378-390, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1356.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"378","endPage":"390","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-039002","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472490,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/106891","text":"External Repository"},{"id":312789,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.34537506103516,\n 44.84613295361055\n ],\n [\n -83.34537506103516,\n 44.862926272208234\n ],\n [\n -83.31516265869139,\n 44.862926272208234\n ],\n [\n -83.31516265869139,\n 44.84613295361055\n ],\n [\n -83.34537506103516,\n 44.84613295361055\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-01-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567bd3bbe4b0a04ef491a1f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson Mazur, Martha L.","contributorId":95377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson Mazur","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":583175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michael J. Wiley","contributorId":150828,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michael J. Wiley","affiliations":[{"id":18114,"text":"Dept. of Natural Resources & Environment, University of Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Douglas A. Wilcox","contributorId":150827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Douglas A. Wilcox","affiliations":[{"id":18113,"text":"Dept. of Environmental Science & Bio, SUNY-College, Brockport","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70162626,"text":"70162626 - 2015 - Geohydrologic and water-quality characterization of a fractured-bedrock test hole in an area of Marcellus shale gas development, Tioga County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-29T10:05:36","indexId":"70162626","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":128,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"15-24.0","title":"Geohydrologic and water-quality characterization of a fractured-bedrock test hole in an area of Marcellus shale gas development, Tioga County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"An integrated analysis of core, geophysical logs, gas isotopes, and specific-depth water-quality samples from the Cherry Flats test hole was used to characterize the stratigraphy, water-bearing zones, and groundwater quality at a site in southern Tioga County, Pennsylvania. The study was completed as a cooperative effort between the Pennsylvania Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey (BTGS) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The multi-disciplinary characterization of the test hole provided information to aid the bedrock mapping of the Cherry Flats 7.5-minute quadrangle by BTGS, and to help quantify the depth and character of fresh and saline groundwater in an area of shale-gas exploration.\n The Cherry Flats test hole was cored to a depth of 1,513 feet (ft) below land surface (bls) and cased to 189 ft through the collapsed mine workings of the former Arnot No. 2 underground coal mine. The test hole penetrated\n128.0 ft of Allegheny Formation and 154.1 ft of Pottsville Formation of Pennsylvanian age, 564.8 ft of Huntley Mountain Formation of Mississippian and Devonian age, and 666.3 ft of Catskill Formation of Devonian age. Core recovery was nearly 100 percent, except where\ncomplete core loss occurred from a depth of 1,231.1 to 1,240.8 ft. Several coal beds and mined-out coal horizons were penetrated in the Allegheny and Pottsville Formations. The test hole penetrated the entire thickness of the\nHuntley Mountain Formation and was completed in the middle part of the Catskill Formation.\n Bedding features penetrated by the test hole were estimated to have a strike of 021 degrees and dip about 1.7 degrees to the southeast, consistent\nwith the test-hole location on the north limb of the Blossburg syncline. Most fractures penetrated by the test hole were parallel to bedding, with steeply dipping fractures present but much less common. Fracture density, determined from optical televiewer, acoustic televiewer, and video logs, generally increased with depth from the base of casing to about 400 ft bls, then decreased with depth to the bottom of the hole except for an increase from 506 to 568 ft bls. Very few fractures were penetrated from 600 to 850 ft.\n The depths of fresh and saline water-bearing zones were identified in the test hole by geophysical-log analysis and, for inflow zones, verified by specific-depth groundwater sampling by the use of a wire-line point sampler.\nUnder ambient conditions and during pumping of the test hole, fresh water entered the hole from fractures at 567 and 580.5 ft bls, within grayish-red siltstone and greenish-gray sandstone, respectively, and flowed upward and\nexited at fractures from 303 to 319.5 ft; a very minor amount exited into fractures within coal beds at 240.4 and 252 ft bls. Transmissivity, estimated from analysis of the specific-capacity data and flowmeter logs, was about 18 ft2/d for the fracture zones from 567 to 580.5 ft and 6.7 ft2/d for fracture zones from 240.4 to 252 ft bls. The analysis estimated the hydraulic head of\nthe lower zone and that of the upper flow zone was 8 ft higher and 37 ft lower than the composite water level in the test hole, respectively. Water samples of the freshwater inflow from zones at 567 to 580.5 ft bls had a total dissolved solids concentration of 577 mg/L indicating that these zone are in the lower part of the active groundwater flow system. \n Below the freshwater-bearing zone at 580.5 ft, the flowmeter did not detect any vertical flow in the test hole, and the gradient of the temperature\nlog approached the geothermal gradient, indicating little ambient fluid flow and minimal fracture transmissivity below this depth. However, small seeps of saline water having total dissolved solids concentrations of greater\nthan about 6,200 mg/L at 945 and 946 ft bls, from dark-greenish-gray to greenish-gray silty beds, were delineated by a time series of specific conductancelogs and observed on the video log. A wat","language":"English","publisher":"Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources ","collaboration":"Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey","usgsCitation":"Williams, J., Risser, D.W., and Clifford H. Dodge, 2015, Geohydrologic and water-quality characterization of a fractured-bedrock test hole in an area of Marcellus shale gas development, Tioga County, Pennsylvania: Open-File Report 15-24.0, Report: 44 p.; Appendices 4; Supplemental Information.","productDescription":"Report: 44 p.; Appendices 4; Supplemental Information","ipdsId":"IP-057238","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328421,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":366027,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":" https://www.docs.dcnr.pa.gov/cs/groups/public/documents/document/dcnr_20031484.zip"},{"id":314929,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/topogeo/publications/pgspub/openfile/Geology-OFMI13-01.1/index.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania ","county":"Tioga County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-76.9651,42.0023],[-76.9291,42.0024],[-76.9238,41.9711],[-76.9209,41.9507],[-76.9162,41.918],[-76.9051,41.8466],[-76.9022,41.8257],[-76.9022,41.8248],[-76.8993,41.808],[-76.8987,41.8007],[-76.8976,41.783],[-76.8936,41.7503],[-76.8907,41.7267],[-76.8873,41.6999],[-76.885,41.6781],[-76.8838,41.6717],[-76.8833,41.6681],[-76.8805,41.6363],[-76.8747,41.599],[-76.8747,41.5968],[-76.8772,41.5941],[-76.8932,41.586],[-76.9,41.5842],[-76.9073,41.5824],[-76.9129,41.5815],[-76.9135,41.5815],[-76.9147,41.582],[-76.9159,41.5825],[-76.9172,41.5825],[-76.9202,41.5811],[-76.9233,41.577],[-76.9258,41.5721],[-76.9308,41.5698],[-76.9375,41.5685],[-76.9455,41.5667],[-76.9517,41.5644],[-76.9572,41.5608],[-76.961,41.5559],[-76.9634,41.5522],[-76.999,41.551],[-77.0009,41.5506],[-77.0751,41.5481],[-77.1279,41.5469],[-77.1979,41.5457],[-77.25,41.5449],[-77.2807,41.5445],[-77.2954,41.5441],[-77.315,41.5442],[-77.3335,41.5442],[-77.3512,41.5442],[-77.3905,41.5438],[-77.4034,41.5438],[-77.4801,41.5434],[-77.4813,41.5434],[-77.4868,41.5434],[-77.4997,41.5434],[-77.5193,41.5434],[-77.5978,41.5424],[-77.5991,41.5424],[-77.5997,41.5497],[-77.601,41.5987],[-77.601,41.6128],[-77.6017,41.6437],[-77.6017,41.6518],[-77.603,41.6999],[-77.603,41.7186],[-77.6043,41.7472],[-77.6043,41.7499],[-77.6043,41.7558],[-77.605,41.7944],[-77.605,41.8007],[-77.6056,41.8093],[-77.6056,41.8121],[-77.6057,41.8334],[-77.6063,41.8402],[-77.6076,41.9015],[-77.6076,41.9174],[-77.6077,41.9211],[-77.6096,41.9998],[-77.4394,42.001],[-77.1767,42.0002],[-77.1133,42.001],[-76.9651,42.0023]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Tioga\",\"state\":\"PA\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d28bade4b0571647d0f932","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, John H. 0000-0002-6054-6908 jhwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-6908","contributorId":1553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"jhwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Risser, Dennis W. 0000-0001-9597-5406 dwrisser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9597-5406","contributorId":898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risser","given":"Dennis","email":"dwrisser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clifford H. Dodge","contributorId":152617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clifford H. Dodge","affiliations":[{"id":18945,"text":"PaDCNR, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70156831,"text":"70156831 - 2015 - Sequence stratigraphic framework of upper pliocene to holocene sediments of the Los Angeles Basin, California: Implications for aquifer architecture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T13:24:26","indexId":"70156831","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"seriesNumber":"12","title":"Sequence stratigraphic framework of upper pliocene to holocene sediments of the Los Angeles Basin, California: Implications for aquifer architecture","docAbstract":"Executive Summary\nGroundwater provides more than one-third of the municipal water supply for the coastal Los Angeles Basin and defining the aquifer architecture is a high priority for ground-water managers. Sequence stratigraphy,\nthe state-of-the-art method for delineating reservoir geometry and continuity in the petroleum industry, is now being incorporated into ground water resource assessments and environmental investigations. By\nevaluating subsurface data using sequence stratigraphy, the geometry and distribution of aquifer and aquitard sediments are linked to the original depositional processes that formed the sediments. Skyline Ridge, Inc.,\nthe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with Los Angeles County Department of Public Works (LACDPW) and the Water Replenishment District of Southern California (WRDSC) completed an\ninvestigation of the Wilmington – Long Beach area by integrating data from new exploratory research boreholes, marine reflection seismic, vintage land reflection seismic, and high-resolution gravity measurements.\nSequence stratigraphy is shown to define pathways for saltwater intrusion into freshwater coastal aquifers by integrating preexisting data with (1) the new borehole observations and (2) structural and physical\nproperties data derived from the geophysical measurements.\nBy constructing a series of seismic reflection and well log cross sections (presented as sheets), this investigation further defines and delineates ten sequences of Late Pliocene to Holocene age in the Wilmington –\nLong Beach area of the Los Angeles Basin. These sequences were first described by Ponti and others (2007), and the implications for sea water intrusion was discussed by Edwards and others (2009a). In addition,\nthis investigation presents regional seismic facies – environment of deposition maps for the five youngest sequences: 1) the Dominquez Sequence; 2) the Mesa Sequence; 3) the Pacific Sequence; the Harbor\nSequence; and 4) the Bent Spring Sequence.\nThe stratigraphic framework established in the Wilmington – Long Beach area is extended into the Central Basin of the greater Los Angeles area by utilizing 1980s and older vintage petroleum exploration land\nseismic reflection data. Tying this data to the available groundwater monitoring well network in the Central and West Coast Basins demonstrate aquifer correlation problems, and may provide insights into\nestablishing a more robust groundwater model for the greater Los Angeles Basin area.","language":"English","publisher":"Pacific Section, SEPM, Society for Sedimentary Geology","usgsCitation":"Ehman, K.D., Edwards, B.D., and Ponti, D.J., 2015, Sequence stratigraphic framework of upper pliocene to holocene sediments of the Los Angeles Basin, California: Implications for aquifer architecture, 49 p.","productDescription":"49 p.","ipdsId":"IP-042898","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341072,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341071,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pacificsectionsepm.org/?page_id=84"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591426c0e4b0e541a03e961a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ehman, Kenneth D.","contributorId":64745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ehman","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Brian D. bedwards@usgs.gov","contributorId":3161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Brian","email":"bedwards@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ponti, Daniel J. 0000-0002-2437-5144 dponti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2437-5144","contributorId":1020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponti","given":"Daniel","email":"dponti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157255,"text":"70157255 - 2015 - Deep-Water Acoustic Anomalies from Methane Hydrate in the Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T10:39:13","indexId":"70157255","displayToPublicDate":"2012-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Deep-Water Acoustic Anomalies from Methane Hydrate in the Bering Sea","docAbstract":"A recent expedition to the central Bering Sea, one of the most remote locations in the world, has yielded observations confirming gas and gas hydrates in this deep ocean basin. Significant sound speed anomalies found using inversion of pre-stack seismic data are observed in association with variable seismic amplitude anomalies in the thick sediment column. The anomalously low sound speeds below the inferred base of methane hydrate stability indicate the presence of potentially large quantities of gas-phase methane associated with each velocity-amplitude anomaly (VAMP). The data acquired are of such high quality that quantitative estimates of the concentrations of gas hydrates in the upper few hundred meters of sediment are also possible, and analyses are under way to make these estimates. Several VAMPs were specifically targeted in this survey; others were crossed incidentally. Indications of many dozens or hundreds of these features exist throughout the portion of the Bering Sea relevant to the U.S. extended continental shelf (ECS) consistent with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
Background: Surface waters are the lowest points in the landscape, and therefore serve as excellent integrators and indicators of changes taking place in the surrounding terrestrial and atmospheric environment.
Aims: Here we synthesise the findings of limnological studies conducted during the past 15 years in streams and lakes in the Green Lakes Valley, which is part of the Niwot Ridge Long-term Ecological Research (LTER) Site.
Methods: The importance of these studies is discussed in the context of aquatic ecosystems as indicators, integrators, and regulators of environmental change. Specifically, investigations into climatic, hydrologic, and nutrient controls on present-day phytoplankton, and historical diatom, community composition in the alpine lake, Green Lake 4, are reviewed. In addition, studies of spatial and temporal patterns in dissolved organic matter (DOM) biogeochemistry and reactive transport modelling that have taken place in the Green Lakes Valley are highlighted.
Results and conclusions: The findings of these studies identify specific shifts in algal community composition and DOM biogeochemistry that are indicative of changing environmental conditions and provide a framework for detecting future environmental change in the Green Lakes Valley and in other alpine watersheds. Moreover, the studies summarised here demonstrate the importance of long-term monitoring programmes such as the LTER programme.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA","doi":"10.1080/17550874.2012.738255","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., and McKnight, D.M., 2015, Limnology of the Green Lakes Valley: Phytoplankton ecology and dissolved organic matter biogeochemistry at a long-term ecological research site: Plant Ecology and Diversity, v. 8, no. 5-6, p. 689-702, https://doi.org/10.1080/17550874.2012.738255.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"689","endPage":"702","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-031288","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":263885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Boulder","otherGeospatial":"Green Lakes Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.301758,39.964069 ], [ -105.301758,40.094551 ], [ -105.178197,40.094551 ], [ -105.178197,39.964069 ], [ -105.301758,39.964069 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"8","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50c4618fe4b0e44331d07170","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Matthew P. 0000-0002-2537-1823 mamiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1823","contributorId":3919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Matthew","email":"mamiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":469939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":469940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155824,"text":"70155824 - 2015 - Climate-induced changes in lake ecosystem structure inferred from coupled neo- and paleoecological approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-11T14:41:34","indexId":"70155824","displayToPublicDate":"2012-10-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-induced changes in lake ecosystem structure inferred from coupled neo- and paleoecological approaches","docAbstract":"Over the 20th century, surface water temperatures have increased in many lake ecosystems around the world, but long-term trends in the vertical thermal structure of lakes remain unclear, despite the strong control that thermal stratification exerts on the biological response of lakes to climate change. Here we used both neo- and paleoecological approaches to develop a fossil-based inference model for lake mixing depths and thereby refine understanding of lake thermal structure change. We focused on three common planktonic diatom taxa, the distributions of which previous research suggests might be affected by mixing depth. Comparative lake surveys and growth rate experiments revealed that these species respond to lake thermal structure when nitrogen is sufficient, with species optima ranging from shallower to deeper mixing depths. The diatom-based mixing depth model was applied to sedimentary diatom profiles extending back to 1750 AD in two lakes with moderate nitrate concentrations but differing climate settings. Thermal reconstructions were consistent with expected changes, with shallower mixing depths inferred for an alpine lake where treeline has advanced, and deeper mixing depths inferred for a boreal lake where wind strength has increased. The inference model developed here provides a new tool to expand and refine understanding of climate-induced changes in lake ecosystems.
The term ‘seabird’ is generally applied to avian species that forage in the marine environment over open water. Seabirds typically nest in colonies and are long-lived species with low annual reproductive rates. Seabird breeding sites typically occur on islands or along coasts and as such are often at the boundaries of ecological or political zones. During the breeding season, seabirds cross a very distinct terrestrial/marine ecological boundary on a regular basis to forage. Even relatively ‘local’ species cross multiple jurisdictions within a day (e.g., state lands and waters, and federal waters) while pelagic species may transit through international waters on a daily, weekly, or monthly time-frame. Seabird life-histories expose individuals and populations to environmental conditions affecting both terrestrial and marine habitats. The wide-ranging and transboundary nature of seabird ecology also exposes these species to various environmental and anthropogenic forces such as contamination, commercial fisheries and climate forcing that also are transboundary in nature. Therefore, wherever conservation of seabirds or the management of their populations is the goal, consideration must be given to ecosystem dynamics on land and at sea. Because the jurisdiction of agencies does not cross the land-sea boundary in the same manner as the seabirds they are managing, these efforts are facilitated by multi-agency communication and collaboration. By their very nature and by the nature of the systems that they must function within, seabirds embody the complexity of wildlife ecology and conservation in the twenty-first century.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Landscape-scale conservation planning","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/978-90-481-9575-6_8","isbn":"","usgsCitation":"Jodice, P.G., and Suryan, R., 2015, The transboundary nature of seabird ecology, chap. 8 of Landscape-scale conservation planning, p. 139-165, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9575-6_8.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"165","ipdsId":"IP-019673","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340931,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-08-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591183b6e4b0e541a03c1a70","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X pjodice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":1119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","email":"pjodice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Suryan, Robert M.","contributorId":101799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suryan","given":"Robert M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70150452,"text":"70150452 - 2015 - The role of floodplain restoration in mitigating flood risk, Lower Missouri River, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-02T11:06:49","indexId":"70150452","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The role of floodplain restoration in mitigating flood risk, Lower Missouri River, USA","docAbstract":"Recent extreme floods on the Lower Missouri River have reinvigorated public policy debate about the potential role of floodplain restoration in decreasing costs of floods and possibly increasing other ecosystem service benefits. The first step to addressing the benefits of floodplain restoration is to understand the interactions of flow, floodplain morphology, and land cover that together determine the biophysical capacity of the floodplain. In this article we address interactions between ecological restoration of floodplains and flood-risk reduction at 3 scales. At the scale of the Lower Missouri River corridor (1300 km) floodplain elevation datasets and flow models provide first-order calculations of the potential for Missouri River floodplains to store floods of varying magnitude and duration. At this same scale assessment of floodplain sand deposition from the 2011 Missouri River flood indicates the magnitude of flood damage that could potentially be limited by floodplain restoration. At the segment scale (85 km), 1-dimensional hydraulic modeling predicts substantial stage reductions with increasing area of floodplain restoration; mean stage reductions range from 0.12 to 0.66 m. This analysis also indicates that channel widening may contribute substantially to stage reductions as part of a comprehensive strategy to restore floodplain and channel habitats. Unsteady 1-dimensional flow modeling of restoration scenarios at this scale indicates that attenuation of peak discharges of an observed hydrograph from May 2007, of similar magnitude to a 10 % annual exceedance probability flood, would be minimal, ranging from 0.04 % (with 16 % floodplain restoration) to 0.13 % (with 100 % restoration). At the reach scale (15–20 km) 2-dimensional hydraulic models of alternative levee setbacks and floodplain roughness indicate complex processes and patterns of flooding including substantial variation in stage reductions across floodplains depending on topographic complexity and hydraulic roughness. Detailed flow patterns captured in the 2-dimensional model indicate that most floodplain storage occurs on the rising limb of the flood as water flows into floodplain bottoms from downstream; at a later time during the rising limb this pattern is reversed and the entire bottom conveys discharge down the valley. These results indicate that flood-risk reduction by attenuation is likely to be small on a large river like the Missouri and design strategies to optimize attenuation and ecological restoration should focus on frequent floods (20–50 % annual exceedance probability). Local stage reductions are a more certain benefit of floodplain restoration but local effects are highly dependent on magnitude of flood discharge and how floodplain vegetation communities contribute to hydraulic roughness. The most certain flood risk reduction benefit of floodplain restoration is avoidance of flood damages to crops and infrastructure.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphic approaches to integrated floodplain management of lowland fluvial systems in North America and Europe","language":"English","publisher":"Springer New York","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4939-2380-9_9","usgsCitation":"Jacobson, R.B., Lindner, G., and Bitner, C., 2015, The role of floodplain restoration in mitigating flood risk, Lower Missouri River, USA, chap. of Geomorphic approaches to integrated floodplain management of lowland fluvial systems in North America and Europe, p. 203-243, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2380-9_9.","productDescription":"41 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"243","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-038740","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Lower Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 38.61687046392973\n ],\n [\n -96.70166015624999,\n 44.33956524809713\n ],\n [\n -100.634765625,\n 44.43377984606822\n ],\n [\n -100.546875,\n 38.25543637637947\n ],\n [\n -92.92236328125,\n 36.686041276581925\n ],\n [\n -91.38427734374999,\n 37.579412513438385\n ],\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 38.61687046392973\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb8e4b07657d1a90d93","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hudson, Paul F.","contributorId":138603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hudson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":12461,"text":"Leiden University College The Hague","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654809,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Middelkoop, Hans","contributorId":177152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Middelkoop","given":"Hans","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18101,"text":"Utrecht University, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654810,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindner, Garth A.","contributorId":143717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindner","given":"Garth A.","affiliations":[{"id":15309,"text":"University of Maryland Baltimore County","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Bitner, Chance","contributorId":143716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bitner","given":"Chance","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":15308,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Kansas City","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70147052,"text":"70147052 - 2015 - Hindcast of water availability in regional aquifer systems using MODFLOW Farm Process","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-12T10:37:13","indexId":"70147052","displayToPublicDate":"2008-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hindcast of water availability in regional aquifer systems using MODFLOW Farm Process","docAbstract":"Coupled groundwater and surface-water components of the hydrologic cycle can be simulated by the Farm Process for MODFLOW (MF-FMP) in both irrigated and non-irrigated areas and aquifer-storage and recovery systems. MF-FMP is being applied to three productive agricultural regions of different scale in the State of California, USA, to assess the availability of water and the impacts of alternative management decisions. Hindcast simulations are conducted for similar periods from the 1960s to near recent times. Historical groundwater pumpage is mostly unknown in one region (Central Valley) and is estimated by MF-FMP. In another region (Pajaro Valley), recorded pumpage is used to calibrate model-estimated pumpage. Multiple types of observations are used to estimate uncertain parameters, such as hydraulic, land-use, and farm properties. MF-FMP simulates how climate variability and water-import availability affect water demand and supply. MF-FMP can be used to predict water availability based on anticipated changes in anthropogenic or natural water demands.\r\nKeywords groundwater; surface-water; irrigation; water availability; response to climate variability/change","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Predictions for hydrology, ecology, and water resources management: Using data and models to benefit society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"HydroPredict 2008","conferenceDate":"September 15–18, 2008","conferenceLocation":"Prague, Czech Republic","language":"English","publisher":" Czech Association of Hydrogeologists","usgsCitation":"Schmid, W., Hanson, R.T., Faunt, C., and Phillips, S.P., 2015, Hindcast of water availability in regional aquifer systems using MODFLOW Farm Process, in Predictions for hydrology, ecology, and water resources management: Using data and models to benefit society, Prague, Czech Republic, September 15–18, 2008, p. 311-314.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"314","ipdsId":"IP-006401","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299883,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://web.natur.cuni.cz/hydropredict2008/"},{"id":342369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593fa839e4b0764e6c62799d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmid, Wolfgang","contributorId":140408,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmid","given":"Wolfgang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faunt, Claudia C. 0000-0001-5659-7529 ccfaunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":1491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"Claudia C.","email":"ccfaunt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Phillips, Steven P. 0000-0002-5107-868X sphillip@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5107-868X","contributorId":1506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Steven","email":"sphillip@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70156076,"text":"70156076 - 2015 - Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-14T15:57:21","indexId":"70156076","displayToPublicDate":"2008-11-05T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options","docAbstract":"Streams collect runoff, heat, and sediment from their watersheds, making them highly vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbances such as urbanization and climate change. Forecasting the effects of these disturbances using process-based models is critical to identifying the form and magnitude of likely impacts. Here, we integrate a new biotic model with four previously developed physical models (downscaled climate projections, stream hydrology, geomorphology, and water temperature) to predict how stream fish growth and reproduction will most probably respond to shifts in climate and urbanization over the next several decades.
\nThe biotic submodel couples dynamics in fish populations and habitat suitability to predict fish assemblage composition, based on readily available biotic information (preferences for habitat, temperature, and food, and characteristics of spawning) and day-to-day variability in stream conditions.
\nWe illustrate the model using Piedmont headwater streams in the Chesapeake Bay watershed of the USA, projecting ten scenarios: Baseline (low urbanization; no on-going construction; and present-day climate); one Urbanization scenario (higher impervious surface, lower forest cover, significant construction activity); four future climate change scenarios [Hadley CM3 and Parallel Climate Models under medium-high (A2) and medium-low (B2) emissions scenarios]; and the same four climate change scenarios plus Urbanization.
\nUrbanization alone depressed growth or reproduction of 8 of 39 species, while climate change alone depressed 22 to 29 species. Almost every recreationally important species (i.e. trouts, basses, sunfishes) and six of the ten currently most common species were predicted to be significantly stressed. The combined effect of climate change and urbanization on adult growth was sometimes large compared to the effect of either stressor alone. Thus, the model predicts considerable change in fish assemblage composition, including loss of diversity.Synthesis and applications. The interaction of climate change and urban growth may entail significant reconfiguring of headwater streams, including a loss of ecosystem structure and services, which will be more costly than climate change alone. On local scales, stakeholders cannot control climate drivers but they can mitigate stream impacts via careful land use. Therefore, to conserve stream ecosystems, we recommend that proactive measures be taken to insure against species loss or severe population declines. Delays will inevitably exacerbate the impacts of both climate change and urbanization on headwater systems.
\n","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x","usgsCitation":"Nelson, K.C., Palmer, M., Pizzuto, J.E., Moglen, G.E., Angermeier, P.L., Hilderbrand, R.H., Dettinger, M., and Hayhoe, K., 2015, Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization and climate change on stream ecosystems: from impacts to management options: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 46, no. 1, p. 154-163, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"154","endPage":"163","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-008736","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01599.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-01-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cf112ae4b01487cbfc77b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Karen C.","contributorId":32864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Palmer, Margaret A.","contributorId":102429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmer","given":"Margaret A.","affiliations":[{"id":13383,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, 6 Solomons, Maryland 20688","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pizzuto, James E.","contributorId":49424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pizzuto","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13220,"text":"The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moglen, Glenn E.","contributorId":106585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moglen","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13220,"text":"The Charles E. Via, Jr. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. biota@usgs.gov","contributorId":1432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":613,"text":"Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hilderbrand, Robert H.","contributorId":140410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hilderbrand","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13480,"text":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Appalachian Laboratory, 301 Braddock Road, Frostburg, Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dettinger, Mike 0000-0002-7509-7332 mddettin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Mike","email":"mddettin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":568195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hayhoe, Katharine","contributorId":35624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayhoe","given":"Katharine","affiliations":[{"id":16625,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":77024,"text":"twri09 - 2015 - National Field Manual for the Collection of Water-Quality Data. U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Book 9","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T15:20:19","indexId":"twri09","displayToPublicDate":"2004-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":336,"text":"Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations","code":"TWRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"09","title":"National Field Manual for the Collection of Water-Quality Data. U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Book 9","docAbstract":"
The mission of the Water Resources Discipline of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is to provide the information and understanding needed for wise management of the Nation's water resources. Inherent in this mission is the responsibility to collect data that accurately describe the physical, chemical, and biological attributes of water systems. These data are used for environmental and resource assessments by the USGS, other government agenices and scientific organizations, and the general public. Reliable and quality-assured data are essential to the credibility and impartiality of the water-resources appraisals carried out by the USGS. The development and use of a National Field Manual is necessary to achieve consistency in the scientific methods and procedures used, to document those methods and procedures, and to maintain technical expertise. USGS field personnel use this manual to ensure that the data collected are of the quality required to fulfill our mission.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/twri09","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 2015, National Field Manual for the Collection of Water-Quality Data. U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Book 9: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 09, Continually updated (Chapters A1-A9); Available online, https://doi.org/10.3133/twri09.","productDescription":"Continually updated (Chapters A1-A9); Available online","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":321360,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":8177,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/owq/FieldManual/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db69877b"} ,{"id":70246272,"text":"70246272 - 2014 - Basin-scale phenology and effects of climate variability on global timing of initial seaward migration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-29T14:03:32.445483","indexId":"70246272","displayToPublicDate":"2023-06-29T08:45:21","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Basin-scale phenology and effects of climate variability on global timing of initial seaward migration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","title":"Basin-scale phenology and effects of climate variability on global timing of initial seaward migration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","docAbstract":"Migrations between different habitats are key events in the lives of many organisms. Such movements involve annually recurring travel over long distances usually triggered by seasonal changes in the environment. Often, the migration is associated with travel to or from reproduction areas to regions of growth. Young anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) emigrate from freshwater nursery areas during spring and early summer to feed and grow in the North Atlantic Ocean. The transition from the freshwater (‘parr’) stage to the migratory stage where they descend streams and enter salt water (‘smolt’) is characterized by morphological, physiological and behavioural changes where the timing of this parr-smolt transition is cued by photoperiod and water temperature. Environmental conditions in the freshwater habitat control the downstream migration and contribute to within- and among-river variation in migratory timing. Moreover, the timing of the freshwater emigration has likely evolved to meet environmental conditions in the ocean as these affect growth and survival of the post-smolts. Using generalized additive mixed-effects modelling, we analysed spatio-temporal variations in the dates of downstream smolt migration in 67 rivers throughout the North Atlantic during the last five decades and found that migrations were earlier in populations in the east than the west. After accounting for this spatial effect, the initiation of the downstream migration among rivers was positively associated with freshwater temperatures, up to about 10 °C and levelling off at higher values, and with sea-surface temperatures. Earlier migration occurred when river discharge levels were low but increasing. On average, the initiation of the smolt seaward migration has occurred 2.5 days earlier per decade throughout the basin of the North Atlantic. This shift in phenology matches changes in air, river, and ocean temperatures, suggesting that Atlantic salmon emigration is responding to the current global climate changes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12363","usgsCitation":"Otero, J., L’Abee-Lund, J.H., Castro-Santos, T., Leonardsson, K., Storvik, G.O., Jonsson, B., Dempson, J., Russell, I.C., Jensen, A.J., Bagliniere, J., Dionne, M., Armstrong, J.D., Romakkaniemi, A., Letcher, B., Kocik, J.F., Erkinaro, J., Poole, R., Rogan, G., Lundqvist, H., MacLean, J.C., Jokikokko, E., Arnekleiv, J.V., Kennedy, R.J., Niemela, E., Caballero, P., Music, P.A., Antonsson, T., Gudjonsson, S., Veselov, A.E., Lamberg, A., Groom, S., Taylor, B.H., Taberner, M., Dillane, M., Arnason, F., Horton, G.E., Hvidsten, N.A., Jonsson, I.R., Jonsson, N., McKelvey, S., Naesje, T.F., Skaala, O., Smith, G.W., Saegrov, H., Stenseth, N.C., and Vøllestad, L., 2014, Basin-scale phenology and effects of climate variability on global timing of initial seaward migration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Global Change Biology, v. 20, p. 61-75, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12363.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"75","ipdsId":"IP-049127","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12363","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":418623,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Otero, Jaime","contributorId":315431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Otero","given":"Jaime","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68317,"text":"1Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"L’Abee-Lund, Jan Henning","contributorId":315432,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"L’Abee-Lund","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"Henning","affiliations":[{"id":68318,"text":"2Norwegian Water and Energy Directorate, P.O. Box 5091 Majorstuen, N-0301 Oslo, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Castro-Santos, Theodore 0000-0003-2575-9120","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-9120","contributorId":315433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castro-Santos","given":"Theodore","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":876544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leonardsson, Kjell","contributorId":315434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leonardsson","given":"Kjell","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68319,"text":"4Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies SLU, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Storvik, Geir O.","contributorId":315435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Storvik","given":"Geir","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":68317,"text":"1Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jonsson, Bror","contributorId":171871,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jonsson","given":"Bror","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6644,"text":"Princeton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dempson, J. Brian","contributorId":315436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dempson","given":"J. Brian","affiliations":[{"id":68320,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada, P.O. Box 5667, St. John’s, NL, A1C 5X1, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Russell, Ian C.","contributorId":315437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":68321,"text":"Cefas Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jensen, Arne J.","contributorId":315438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Arne","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":68322,"text":"Norwegian Institute of Nature Research, P.O. Box 5685 Sluppen, N-7485 Trondheim, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bagliniere, Jean-Luc","contributorId":315439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bagliniere","given":"Jean-Luc","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68323,"text":"Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Agrocampus Ouest, UMR 0985, ESE F-35000 Rennes, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Dionne, Mélanie","contributorId":315440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dionne","given":"Mélanie","affiliations":[{"id":68324,"text":"Ministère des Ressources Naturelles et de la Faune du Québec, Direction de la Faune Aquatique, 880 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Armstrong, John D.","contributorId":315441,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Armstrong","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":68325,"text":"Marine Scotland, Freshwater Laboratory Pitlochry, Perthshire PH16 5LB, Scotland, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Romakkaniemi, Atso","contributorId":221455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Romakkaniemi","given":"Atso","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40380,"text":"Natural Resources Institute Finland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Letcher, Benjamin H. 0000-0003-0191-5678","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":315442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Benjamin H.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":876555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Kocik, John F.","contributorId":315443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kocik","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":68326,"text":"NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Maine Field Station, 17 Godfrey Drive-Suite 1, Orono, Maine 04473, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Erkinaro, Jaakko","contributorId":221447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erkinaro","given":"Jaakko","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40380,"text":"Natural Resources Institute Finland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Poole, Russell","contributorId":315444,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poole","given":"Russell","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68327,"text":"Fisheries Ecosystem Advisory Services, Marine Institute, Newport, Mayo, Ireland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Rogan, Ger","contributorId":315445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogan","given":"Ger","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68327,"text":"Fisheries Ecosystem Advisory Services, Marine Institute, Newport, Mayo, Ireland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Lundqvist, Hans","contributorId":315446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lundqvist","given":"Hans","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68328,"text":"Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies SLU, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"MacLean, Julian C.","contributorId":315447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacLean","given":"Julian","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":68329,"text":"Marine Scotland, Freshwater Laboratory Field Station, Inchbraoch House, South Quay, Ferryden, Montrose, DD10 9SL, Scotland, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Jokikokko, Erkki","contributorId":315448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jokikokko","given":"Erkki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68330,"text":"Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, Bothnian Bay Fisheries Research Station, Laivurintie 6, FI-94450 Keminmaa, Finland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Arnekleiv, Jo Vegar","contributorId":215993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnekleiv","given":"Jo","email":"","middleInitial":"Vegar","affiliations":[{"id":39345,"text":"NTNU University Muserum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Kennedy, Richard J.","contributorId":315449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":68331,"text":"Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Newforge Lane, Belfast BT9 5PX, Northern Ireland, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Niemela, Eero","contributorId":315450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Niemela","given":"Eero","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68332,"text":"Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, P.O. Box 413, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Caballero, Pablo","contributorId":315451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caballero","given":"Pablo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68333,"text":"Sección de Biodiversidade, Servizo de Conservación da Natureza de Pontevedra, Consellería de Medio Rural-Xunta de Galicia, Fernández Ladreda 43-2, 36071 Pontevedra, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Music, Paul A.","contributorId":315452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Music","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":68326,"text":"NOAA Fisheries NEFSC Maine Field Station, 17 Godfrey Drive-Suite 1, Orono, Maine 04473, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Antonsson, Thorolfur","contributorId":315453,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Antonsson","given":"Thorolfur","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68334,"text":"Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Keldnaholt 112 Reykjavik, Iceland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Gudjonsson, Sigurdur","contributorId":315454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gudjonsson","given":"Sigurdur","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68335,"text":"21Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Keldnaholt 112 Reykjavik, Iceland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28},{"text":"Veselov, Alexey E.","contributorId":315455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Veselov","given":"Alexey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":68336,"text":"Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushkinskaya st. 11, 185910 Petrozavodsk, Russia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":29},{"text":"Lamberg, Anders","contributorId":315456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamberg","given":"Anders","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68337,"text":"Vilt og fiskeinfo AS, Ranheimsvegen 281, N-7054 Ranheim, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":30},{"text":"Groom, Steve","contributorId":315458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groom","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68338,"text":"Remote Sensing Group, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":31},{"text":"Taylor, Benjamin H.","contributorId":315459,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":68338,"text":"Remote Sensing Group, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":32},{"text":"Taberner, Malcolm","contributorId":315460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taberner","given":"Malcolm","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68339,"text":"24Remote Sensing Group, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":33},{"text":"Dillane, Mary","contributorId":315457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dillane","given":"Mary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68327,"text":"Fisheries Ecosystem Advisory Services, Marine Institute, Newport, Mayo, Ireland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":34},{"text":"Arnason, Fridthjofur","contributorId":315461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnason","given":"Fridthjofur","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":35},{"text":"Horton, Gregg E.","contributorId":58928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"Gregg","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":36},{"text":"Hvidsten, Nils A.","contributorId":315462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hvidsten","given":"Nils","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":37},{"text":"Jonsson, Ingi R.","contributorId":315463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jonsson","given":"Ingi","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":38},{"text":"Jonsson, Nina","contributorId":315464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jonsson","given":"Nina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":39},{"text":"McKelvey, Simon","contributorId":315465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKelvey","given":"Simon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":40},{"text":"Naesje, T. F.","contributorId":7526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naesje","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":41},{"text":"Skaala, Oystein","contributorId":315466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skaala","given":"Oystein","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":42},{"text":"Smith, Gordon W.","contributorId":315467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":43},{"text":"Saegrov, Harald","contributorId":315468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saegrov","given":"Harald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":44},{"text":"Stenseth, N. C.","contributorId":7798,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stenseth","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":45},{"text":"Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn","contributorId":224828,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vøllestad","given":"Leif Asbjørn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":46}]}} ,{"id":70100904,"text":"70100904 - 2014 - Challenges and opportunities in protecting the Obed Wild and Scenic River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-29T21:16:46.43051","indexId":"70100904","displayToPublicDate":"2020-02-02T11:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5960,"text":"Dynamiques Environnementales","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Challenges and opportunities in protecting the Obed Wild and Scenic River","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English, French","publisher":"Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux","usgsCitation":"Hughes, J.C., Duncan, J.R., Harrold, B.C., Wolfe, W., and Knight, R., 2014, Challenges and opportunities in protecting the Obed Wild and Scenic River: Dynamiques Environnementales, v. 31, p. 64-79.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"79","ipdsId":"IP-053165","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":375177,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Obed Wild & Scenic River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.69223022460938,\n 36.07907198829112\n ],\n [\n -84.70527648925781,\n 36.09571873655538\n ],\n [\n -84.76982116699219,\n 36.10015727402227\n ],\n [\n -84.82887268066406,\n 36.106259853657704\n ],\n [\n -84.88311767578125,\n 36.09627356744957\n ],\n [\n -84.92225646972656,\n 36.07907198829112\n ],\n [\n -84.96070861816405,\n 36.07962693669393\n ],\n [\n -85.01632690429688,\n 36.04965411892855\n ],\n [\n -85.05271911621094,\n 36.01078347452819\n ],\n [\n -85.06233215332031,\n 35.96911507577482\n ],\n [\n -85.03829956054686,\n 35.96967079918125\n ],\n [\n -85.02525329589844,\n 35.99856302536764\n ],\n [\n -84.95040893554688,\n 36.05020927487619\n ],\n [\n -84.81651306152344,\n 36.06575205170711\n ],\n [\n -84.69223022460938,\n 36.07907198829112\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hughes, J. C.","contributorId":224994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duncan, J. R.","contributorId":26440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrold, B. C.","contributorId":224995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrold","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knight, Rodney R. rrknight@usgs.gov","contributorId":2272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Rodney R.","email":"rrknight@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wolfe, William J. wjwolfe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"William J.","email":"wjwolfe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70055657,"text":"ofr20131024F - 2014 - Time-domain electromagnetic surveys at Fort Irwin, San Bernardino County, California, 2010–12","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70055657,"text":"ofr20131024F - 2014 - Time-domain electromagnetic surveys at Fort Irwin, San Bernardino County, California, 2010–12","indexId":"ofr20131024F","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"F","displayTitle":"Time-Domain Electromagnetic Surveys at Fort Irwin, San Bernardino County, California, 2010–12","title":"Time-domain electromagnetic surveys at Fort Irwin, San Bernardino County, California, 2010–12"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70201192,"text":"ofr20131024 - 2014 - Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","indexId":"ofr20131024","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70201192,"text":"ofr20131024 - 2014 - Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","indexId":"ofr20131024","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-14T13:43:39","indexId":"ofr20131024F","displayToPublicDate":"2018-12-13T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1024","chapter":"F","displayTitle":"Time-Domain Electromagnetic Surveys at Fort Irwin, San Bernardino County, California, 2010–12","title":"Time-domain electromagnetic surveys at Fort Irwin, San Bernardino County, California, 2010–12","docAbstract":"Between 2010 and 2012, a total of 79 time-domain electromagnetic (TEM) soundings were collected in 12 groundwater basins in the U.S. Army Fort Irwin National Training Center (NTC) study area to help improve the understanding of the hydrogeology of the NTC. The TEM data are discussed in this chapter in the context of geologic observations of the study area, the details of which are provided in the other chapters of this volume. Selection of locations for TEM soundings in unexplored basins was guided by gravity data that estimated depth to pre-Tertiary basement complex of crystalline rock and alluvial thickness. Some TEM data were collected near boreholes with geophysical logs. The TEM response at locations near boreholes was used to evaluate sounding data for areas without boreholes. TEM models also were used to guide site selection of subsequent boreholes drilled as part of this study. Following borehole completion, geophysical logs were used to ground-truth and reinterpret previously collected TEM data. This iterative process was used to site subsequent TEM soundings and borehole locations as the study progressed. Although each groundwater subbasin within the NTC boundaries was explored using the TEM method, collection of TEM data was focused in those basins identified as best suited for development of water resources. At the NTC, TEM estimates of some lithologic thicknesses and electrical properties in the unsaturated zone are in good accordance with borehole data; however, water-table elevations were not easily identifiable from TEM data.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131024F","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army, Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Burgess, M.K., and Bedrosian, P.A., 2014, Time-domain electromagnetic surveys at Fort Irwin, San Bernardino County, California, 2010–12, chap. F of Buesch, D.C., ed., Geology and geophysics applied to groundwater hydrology at Fort Irwin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013–1024, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131024F.","productDescription":"Report: v, 64 p.","numberOfPages":"69","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044319","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296420,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/f/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":296367,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1024/f/downloads/ofr2013-1024_f.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","city":"Fort Irwin","contact":"Contact Information,
Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Menlo Park
U.S. Geological Survey
345 Middlefield Road
Menlo Park, CA 94025-3591
The prairie pothole region (PPR) in the north-central United States and south-central Canada constitutes the most important waterfowl breeding area in North America. Projected long-term changes in precipitation and temperature may alter the drivers of waterfowl abundance: wetland availability and emergent vegetation cover. Previous studies have focused on isolated wetland dynamics, but the implications of changing precipitation on managed, river-fed wetlands have not been addressed. Using a structured decision making (SDM) approach, we derived optimal water management actions for 20 years at four river-fed National Wildlife Refuges (NWRs) in North and South Dakota under contrasting increasing/decreasing (+/−0.4 %/year) inflow scenarios derived from empirical trends. Refuge pool depth is manipulated by control structures. Optimal management involves setting control structure heights that have the highest probability of providing a desired mix of waterfowl habitat, given refuge capacities and inflows. We found optimal seasonal control structure heights for each refuge were essentially the same under increasing and decreasing inflow trends of 0.4 %/year over the next 20 years. Results suggest managed pools in the NWRs receive large inflows relative to their capacities. Hence, water availability does not constrain management; pool bathymetry and management tactics can be greater constraints on attaining management objectives than climate-mediated inflow. We present time-dependent optimal seasonal control structure heights for each refuge, which are resilient to the non-stationary precipitation scenarios we examined. Managers can use this information to provide a desired mixture of wildlife habitats, and to re-assess management objectives in reserves where pool bathymetry prevents attaining the currently stated objectives.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-013-1033-8","usgsCitation":"Nicol, S., Griffith, B., Austin, J.E., and Hunter, C.M., 2014, Optimal water depth management on river-fed National Wildlife Refuges in a changing climate: Climatic Change, v. 124, no. 1, p. 271-284, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-013-1033-8.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"284","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-036088","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10.1007/s10584-013-1033-8","text":"External Repository"},{"id":314866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a61002fe4b06e28e9c2539b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nicol, Samuel","contributorId":58562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicol","given":"Samuel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12496,"text":"CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffith, Brad 0000-0001-8698-6859","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8698-6859","contributorId":82571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffith","given":"Brad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":108,"text":"Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Austin, Jane E. 0000-0001-8775-2210 jaustin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8775-2210","contributorId":146411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Jane","email":"jaustin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hunter, Christine M.","contributorId":85717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188574,"text":"70188574 - 2014 - Empirical models for predicting volumes of sediment deposited by debris flows and sediment-laden floods in the transverse ranges of southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-23T15:58:43","indexId":"70188574","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Empirical models for predicting volumes of sediment deposited by debris flows and sediment-laden floods in the transverse ranges of southern California","docAbstract":"Debris flows and sediment-laden floods in the Transverse Ranges of southern California pose severe hazards to nearby communities and infrastructure. Frequent wildfires denude hillslopes and increase the likelihood of these hazardous events. Debris-retention basins protect communities and infrastructure from the impacts of debris flows and sediment-laden floods and also provide critical data for volumes of sediment deposited at watershed outlets. In this study, we supplement existing data for the volumes of sediment deposited at watershed outlets with newly acquired data to develop new empirical models for predicting volumes of sediment produced by watersheds located in the Transverse Ranges of southern California. The sediment volume data represent a broad sample of conditions found in Ventura, Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties, California.\n\nThe measured volumes of sediment, watershed morphology, distributions of burn severity within each watershed, the time since the most recent fire, triggering storm rainfall conditions, and engineering soil properties were analyzed using multiple linear regressions to develop two models. A “long-term model” was developed for predicting volumes of sediment deposited by both debris flows and floods at various times since the most recent fire from a database of volumes of sediment deposited by a combination of debris flows and sediment-laden floods with no time limit since the most recent fire (n = 344). A subset of this database was used to develop an “emergency assessment model” for predicting volumes of sediment deposited by debris flows within two years of a fire (n = 92). Prior to developing the models, 32 volumes of sediment, and related parameters for watershed morphology, burn severity and rainfall conditions were retained to independently validate the long-term model. Ten of these volumes of sediment were deposited by debris flows within two years of a fire and were used to validate the emergency assessment model. The models were validated by comparing predicted and measured volumes of sediment. These validations were also performed for previously developed models and identify that the models developed here best predict volumes of sediment for burned watersheds in comparison to previously developed models.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.04.008","usgsCitation":"Gartner, J.E., Cannon, S.H., and Santi, P.M., 2014, Empirical models for predicting volumes of sediment deposited by debris flows and sediment-laden floods in the transverse ranges of southern California: Engineering Geology, v. 176, no. 24, p. 45-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.04.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"56","ipdsId":"IP-055505","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342578,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Los Angeles County, San Bernadino County, Ventura County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.6416015625,\n 34.8183131456094\n ],\n [\n -119.20166015625,\n 34.8183131456094\n ],\n [\n -119.25659179687499,\n 34.84536693184101\n ],\n [\n -119.2840576171875,\n 34.88593094075317\n ],\n [\n -119.32250976562499,\n 34.88142481679756\n ],\n [\n -119.37744140625,\n 34.89043681762452\n ],\n [\n -119.44885253906251,\n 34.89944783005726\n ],\n [\n -119.4708251953125,\n 34.37517887533528\n ],\n [\n -119.3939208984375,\n 34.31168124115256\n ],\n [\n -119.2950439453125,\n 34.24813554589752\n ],\n [\n -119.21264648437499,\n 34.17090836352573\n ],\n [\n -119.15222167968751,\n 34.102707993174874\n ],\n [\n -119.0972900390625,\n 34.10725639663118\n ],\n [\n -118.99291992187499,\n 34.08451193447477\n ],\n [\n -118.94897460937499,\n 34.057210513510306\n ],\n [\n -118.8775634765625,\n 34.03900467904445\n ],\n [\n -118.817138671875,\n 34.00713506435885\n ],\n [\n -118.77319335937499,\n 34.016241889667015\n ],\n [\n -118.67980957031249,\n 34.05265942137599\n ],\n [\n -118.56994628906249,\n 34.057210513510306\n ],\n [\n -118.52600097656249,\n 34.020794936018724\n ],\n [\n -118.45458984375,\n 33.970697997361626\n ],\n [\n -118.3941650390625,\n 33.8247936182649\n ],\n [\n -118.4271240234375,\n 33.770015152780125\n ],\n [\n -118.39965820312499,\n 33.747180448149855\n ],\n [\n -118.3502197265625,\n 33.747180448149855\n ],\n [\n -118.2843017578125,\n 33.710632271492095\n ],\n [\n -118.10302734374999,\n 33.76088200086917\n ],\n [\n -118.07556152343749,\n 33.792843773631844\n ],\n [\n -118.08654785156249,\n 33.8247936182649\n ],\n [\n -118.037109375,\n 33.8521697014074\n ],\n [\n -117.98217773437499,\n 33.88865750124075\n ],\n [\n -117.96569824218749,\n 33.947916898356404\n ],\n [\n -117.78991699218749,\n 33.957030069982316\n ],\n [\n -117.6800537109375,\n 33.87041555094183\n ],\n [\n -117.6580810546875,\n 33.884097379274905\n ],\n [\n -117.6416015625,\n 33.929687627576605\n ],\n [\n -117.60314941406249,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -117.61962890624999,\n 33.97525348507592\n ],\n [\n -117.5811767578125,\n 33.988918483762156\n ],\n [\n -117.564697265625,\n 34.03900467904445\n ],\n [\n -117.3779296875,\n 34.05265942137599\n ],\n [\n -117.3779296875,\n 34.016241889667015\n ],\n [\n -117.23510742187501,\n 34.03445260967645\n ],\n [\n -117.22961425781249,\n 34.00258128543371\n ],\n [\n -116.93847656250001,\n 34.00258128543371\n ],\n [\n -116.93298339843749,\n 34.048108084909835\n ],\n [\n -115.3179931640625,\n 34.05265942137599\n ],\n [\n -115.3070068359375,\n 34.08451193447477\n ],\n [\n -114.42260742187499,\n 34.08906131584994\n ],\n [\n -114.3402099609375,\n 34.129994745824746\n ],\n [\n -114.29077148437499,\n 34.15272698011818\n ],\n [\n -114.246826171875,\n 34.20725938207231\n ],\n [\n -114.1534423828125,\n 34.298068350990825\n ],\n [\n -114.169921875,\n 34.32982832836203\n ],\n [\n -114.21936035156249,\n 34.37517887533528\n ],\n [\n -114.29077148437499,\n 34.39331222316112\n ],\n [\n -114.345703125,\n 34.43409789359469\n ],\n [\n -114.356689453125,\n 34.488447837809304\n ],\n [\n -114.378662109375,\n 34.56990638085636\n ],\n [\n -114.4061279296875,\n 34.63320791137959\n ],\n [\n -114.43359375,\n 34.68291096793206\n ],\n [\n -114.488525390625,\n 34.74161249883172\n ],\n [\n -114.54345703125,\n 34.8047829195724\n ],\n [\n -114.5599365234375,\n 34.836349990763864\n ],\n [\n -114.6038818359375,\n 34.88142481679756\n ],\n [\n -114.60937499999999,\n 34.93097858831627\n ],\n [\n -114.6368408203125,\n 35.016500995886005\n ],\n [\n -115.653076171875,\n 35.81335872633348\n ],\n [\n -115.7464599609375,\n 35.817813158696616\n ],\n [\n -115.72998046875,\n 35.79108281624994\n ],\n [\n -117.63610839843749,\n 35.79999392988527\n ],\n [\n -117.6470947265625,\n 35.71083783530009\n ],\n [\n -117.6800537109375,\n 35.71083783530009\n ],\n [\n -117.6800537109375,\n 35.67514743608467\n ],\n [\n -117.61962890624999,\n 35.67068501330236\n ],\n [\n -117.6141357421875,\n 35.634976650677295\n ],\n [\n -117.65258789062499,\n 35.64390523787731\n ],\n [\n -117.6416015625,\n 34.8183131456094\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"176","issue":"24","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59439c91e4b062508e31a974","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gartner, Joseph E. jegartner@usgs.gov","contributorId":1876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gartner","given":"Joseph","email":"jegartner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cannon, Susan H. cannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":1019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Susan","email":"cannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Santi, Paul M","contributorId":192990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santi","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":698402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179707,"text":"70179707 - 2014 - Comparison of mineral weathering and biomass nutrient uptake in two small forested watersheds underlain by quartzite bedrock, Catoctin Mountain, Maryland, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-13T10:07:12","indexId":"70179707","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":866,"text":"Aquatic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of mineral weathering and biomass nutrient uptake in two small forested watersheds underlain by quartzite bedrock, Catoctin Mountain, Maryland, USA","docAbstract":"To quantify chemical weathering and biological uptake, mass-balance calculations were performed on two small forested watersheds located in the Blue Ridge Physiographic Province in north-central Maryland, USA. Both watersheds, Bear Branch (BB) and Fishing Creek Tributary (FCT), are underlain by relatively unreactive quartzite bedrock. Such unreactive bedrock and associated low chemical-weathering rates offer the opportunity to quantify biological processes operating within the watershed. Hydrologic and stream-water chemistry data were collected from the two watersheds for the 9-year period from June 1, 1990 to May 31, 1999. Of the two watersheds, FCT exhibited both higher chemical-weathering rates and biomass nutrient uptake rates, suggesting that forest biomass aggradation was limited by the rate of chemical weathering of the bedrock. Although the chemical-weathering rate in the FCT watershed was low relative to the global average, it masked the influence of biomass base-cation uptake on stream-water chemistry. Any differences in bedrock mineralogy between the two watersheds did not exert a significant influence on the overall weathering stoichiometry. The difference in chemical-weathering rates between the two watersheds is best explained by a larger proportion of reactive phyllitic layers within the bedrock of the FCT watershed. Although the stream gradient of BB is about two-times greater than that of FCT, its influence on chemical weathering appears to be negligible. The findings of this study support the biomass nutrient uptake stoichiometry of K1.0Mg1.1Ca0.97 previously determined for the study site. Investigations of the chemical weathering of relatively unreactive quartzite bedrock may provide insight into critical zone processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10498-013-9205-8","usgsCitation":"Rice, K.C., and Price, J.R., 2014, Comparison of mineral weathering and biomass nutrient uptake in two small forested watersheds underlain by quartzite bedrock, Catoctin Mountain, Maryland, USA: Aquatic Geochemistry, v. 20, no. 2, p. 225-242, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-013-9205-8.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"242","ipdsId":"IP-043877","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Frederick","otherGeospatial":"Catoctin Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.50957489013672,\n 39.525494363862606\n ],\n [\n -77.50957489013672,\n 39.67019926771586\n ],\n [\n -77.37361907958984,\n 39.67019926771586\n ],\n [\n -77.37361907958984,\n 39.525494363862606\n ],\n [\n -77.50957489013672,\n 39.525494363862606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5878a48de4b04df303d9581c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":178269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Price, Jason R.","contributorId":178278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70115891,"text":"70115891 - 2014 - Response to L. Land comment on Bricker, Rice, Bricker (2014) From Headwaters to Coast: Influence of human activities on water quality of the Potomac River Estuary. Aquatic Geochemistry 20: 291-324","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-16T20:53:46.205726","indexId":"70115891","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":866,"text":"Aquatic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response to L. Land comment on Bricker, Rice, Bricker (2014) From Headwaters to Coast: Influence of human activities on water quality of the Potomac River Estuary. Aquatic Geochemistry 20: 291-324","docAbstract":"Overabundance of nutrients is considered one of the top challenges to most populated coastal water bodies, including Chesapeake Bay (Executive Order 13508). As scientists, one of our responsibilities is to contribute to the discussion and evaluation of management actions that have the potential to decrease pollution with concomitant improvement of water quality. Results of our science should inform the legislative process for public policy. Bricker et al. (2014) consider the use of shellfish (i.e., oysters) to remediate nutrient pollution in the Potomac River Estuary (PRE), a tributary to Chesapeake Bay. This concept, termed bioextraction, has generated interest around the globe and has shown promise as a nutrient-removal method in other estuaries and with other shellfish species (Lindahl et al. 2005; Ferreira et al. 2009; Shumway 2011; Silva et al. 2011; Carmichael et al. 2012; Pollack et al. 2013; Rose et al. 2014).
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10498-014-9233-z","usgsCitation":"Bricker, S.B., Rice, K.C., and Bricker, I.O., 2014, Response to L. Land comment on Bricker, Rice, Bricker (2014) From Headwaters to Coast: Influence of human activities on water quality of the Potomac River Estuary. Aquatic Geochemistry 20: 291-324: Aquatic Geochemistry, v. 20, no. 5, p. 459-463, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-014-9233-z.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"463","ipdsId":"IP-057597","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333174,"rank":2,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70101080","text":"From Headwaters to Coast: Influence of human activities on water quality of the Potomac River Estuary"}],"volume":"20","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5877230be4b0315b4c11fe6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bricker, Suzanne B.","contributorId":64555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bricker","given":"Suzanne","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12448,"text":"U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":519031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":1998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bricker, III Owen Owen, P.","contributorId":119804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"III","suffix":"Owen, P.","email":"","middleInitial":"Owen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179913,"text":"70179913 - 2014 - Groundwater conditions in Utah, spring of 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-22T09:26:33","indexId":"70179913","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":110,"text":"Cooperative Investigations Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"55","title":"Groundwater conditions in Utah, spring of 2014","docAbstract":"This is the fifty-first in a series of annual reports that describe groundwater conditions in Utah. Reports in this series, published cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality, provide data to enable interested parties to maintain awareness of changing groundwater conditions.
This report, like the others in the series, contains information on well construction, groundwater withdrawal from wells, water-level changes, precipitation, streamflow, and chemical quality of water. Information on well construction included in this report refers only to wells constructed for new appropriations of groundwater. Supplementary data are included in reports of this series only for those years or areas that are important to a discussion of changing groundwater conditions and for which applicable data are available.
This report includes individual discussions of selected significant areas of groundwater development in the State for calendar year 2013. Most of the reported data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality. This report is also available online at http://www.waterrights.utah.gov/techinfo/ and http://ut.water. usgs.gov/publications/GW2014.pdf. Groundwater conditions in Utah for calendar year 2012 are reported in Burden and others (2013) and are available online at http://ut.water.usgs. gov/publications/GW2013.pdf
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, and Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality","usgsCitation":"Burden, C.B., Birken, A.S., Gerner, S.J., Carricaburu, J.P., Derrick, V.N., Downhour, P., Smith, L., Eacret, R.J., Gibson, T.L., Slaugh, B.A., Whittier, N.R., Howells, J.H., Christiansen, H.K., and Fisher, M.J., 2014, Groundwater conditions in Utah, spring of 2014: Cooperative Investigations Report 55, x, 118 p.","productDescription":"x, 118 p.","numberOfPages":"132","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333538,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":364062,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/techinfo/wwwpub/GW2014.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58833023e4b0d00231637796","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burden, Carole B. cburden@usgs.gov","contributorId":852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burden","given":"Carole","email":"cburden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":659189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birken, Adam S.","contributorId":178617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birken","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gerner, Steven J. 0000-0002-5701-1304 sjgerner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5701-1304","contributorId":972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerner","given":"Steven","email":"sjgerner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carricaburu, John P.","contributorId":178619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carricaburu","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Derrick, V. Noah","contributorId":178618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Derrick","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"Noah","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Downhour, Paul downhour@usgs.gov","contributorId":968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downhour","given":"Paul","email":"downhour@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, Lincoln","contributorId":178614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Lincoln","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Eacret, Robert J. rjeacret@usgs.gov","contributorId":971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eacret","given":"Robert","email":"rjeacret@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gibson, Travis L.","contributorId":178615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibson","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Slaugh, Bradley A. baslaugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slaugh","given":"Bradley","email":"baslaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Whittier, Nickolas R.","contributorId":178616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittier","given":"Nickolas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Howells, James H. jhowells@usgs.gov","contributorId":969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howells","given":"James","email":"jhowells@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Christiansen, Howard K.","contributorId":47830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Fisher, Martel J. mjfisher@usgs.gov","contributorId":4410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Martel","email":"mjfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":660153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70176232,"text":"70176232 - 2014 - Fate of nutrients in shallow groundwater receiving treated septage, Malibu, CA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-06T20:06:38","indexId":"70176232","displayToPublicDate":"2016-09-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate of nutrients in shallow groundwater receiving treated septage, Malibu, CA","docAbstract":"Treated wastewater discharged from more than 400 onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) near the Civic Center area of Malibu, California, 40 km west of downtown Los Angeles, composes 28% of the recharge to a 3.4 km2 alluvial aquifer. On the basis of δ18O and δD data, the fraction of wastewater in some samples was >70%. Ammonium and nitrate concentrations in water from 15 water-table wells sampled in July 2009 and April 2010 ranged from <0.01 to 12 milligrams per liter as nitrogen (mg/L as N), and from <0.01 to 11 mg/L as N, respectively. Chemical and isotopic data (δ15N of ammonium and nitrate, and δ18O of nitrate) show two processes remove nitrogen discharged from OWTS. Where groundwater was reducing, sorption of ammonium resulted in 30 to 50% nitrogen removal. Where groundwater was initially oxic, nitrification with subsequent denitrification as reducing conditions developed, resulted in up to 60% nitrogen removal. Nitrogen removal through sorption dominated during the cooler April sample period, and denitrification dominated during the warmer July sample period. The combination of mixing and nitrogen removal due to denitrification, sorption, and volatilization produces a δ15N apparent fractionation factor (εapp= -5), that can be explained using laboratory-derived fractionation factors (ε) for the individual processes. Phosphate concentrations ranged from <0.04 to 2 mg/L as phosphorous. Sorption to iron oxides on the surfaces of mineral grains at near-neutral pH's removed some phosphate; however, little removal occurred at more alkaline pH's (>7.3).
","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12194","usgsCitation":"Izbicki, J.A., 2014, Fate of nutrients in shallow groundwater receiving treated septage, Malibu, CA: Groundwater, v. 52, no. Supplement S1, p. 218-233, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12194.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"218","endPage":"233","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043823","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472497,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12194","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328238,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Malibu","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.675,\n 34.02\n ],\n [\n -118.675,\n 34.05\n ],\n [\n -118.7,\n 34.05\n ],\n [\n -118.7,\n 34.02\n ],\n [\n -118.675,\n 34.02\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"Supplement S1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57cd379ae4b0f2f0cec49185","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Izbicki, John A. 0000-0003-0816-4408 jaizbick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":152474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"John","email":"jaizbick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}