No-space graphs present one solution to the familiar problem: given data on the occurrence of fossil taxa in separate, well-sampled sections, determine a range chart; that is, a reasonable working hypothesis of the total range in the area in question of each taxon studied. The solution presented here treats only the relative sequence of biostratigraphic events (first and last occurrences of taxa) and does not attempt to determine an amount of spacing between events. Relative to a hypothesized sequence, observed events in any section may be in-place or out-of-place. Out-of-place events may indicate (1) the event in question reflects a taxon that did not fill its entire range (unfilled-range event), or (2) the event in question indicates a need for the revision of the hypothesized sequence. A graph of relative position only (no-space graph) can be used to facilitate the recognition of in-place and out-of-place events by presenting a visual comparison of the observations from each section with the hypothesized sequence. The geometry of the graph as constructed here is such that in-place events will lie along a line series and out-of-place events will lie above or below it. First-occurrence events below the line series and last-occurrence events above the line series indicate unfilled ranges. First-occurrence events above the line series and last-occurrence events below the line series indicate a need for the revision of the hypothesis. Knowing this, the stratigrapher considers alternative positionings of the line series as alternative range hypotheses and seeks the line series that best fits his geologic and paleontologic judgment. No-space graphs are used to revise an initial hypothesis until a final hypothesis is reached. In this final hypothesis every event is found in-place in at least one section, and all events in all sections may be interpreted to represent in-place events or unfilled-range events. No event may indicate a need for further range revision. The application of the no-space graph method requires the assumption of lack of reworking and the assumption that taxa that are present in a single horizon indicate taxa whose ranges overlap. When applied to hypothetical and actual data, the no-space graph technique produces geologically reasonable range charts that compare favorably with results produced by other methods.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0098-3004(78)90057-2","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Edwards, L.E., 1978, Range charts and no-space graphs: Computers & Geosciences, v. 4, no. 3, p. 247-255, https://doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(78)90057-2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"247","endPage":"255","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a949ce4b0c8380cd814f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":364039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012622,"text":"70012622 - 1978 - Dispersion of plutonium from contaminated pond sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-23T11:52:23.709688","indexId":"70012622","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dispersion of plutonium from contaminated pond sediments","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es60145a004","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Rees, T., Cleveland, J., and Carl, G.W., 1978, Dispersion of plutonium from contaminated pond sediments: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 12, no. 9, p. 1085-1087, https://doi.org/10.1021/es60145a004.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1085","endPage":"1087","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222544,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge, Rocky Flats Site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.165260956407,\n 39.87030960253733\n ],\n [\n -105.16556983041212,\n 39.9105979652133\n ],\n [\n -105.17205618452304,\n 39.908821036754375\n ],\n [\n -105.1749904875725,\n 39.90893950008538\n ],\n [\n -105.18487445574144,\n 39.91332249932614\n ],\n [\n -105.18997087682847,\n 39.913440954872414\n ],\n [\n -105.1953761719206,\n 39.91486240545146\n ],\n [\n -105.19753828995698,\n 39.9149808583349\n ],\n [\n -105.20170808902807,\n 39.91367786535122\n ],\n [\n -105.2393907176708,\n 39.914033229532464\n ],\n [\n -105.24124396170265,\n 39.90870257321805\n ],\n [\n -105.24124396170265,\n 39.87042813244\n ],\n [\n -105.165260956407,\n 39.87030960253733\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a021ee4b0c8380cd4fec2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rees, T.F.","contributorId":26068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rees","given":"T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cleveland, J.M.","contributorId":66734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carl, Gottschall W.","contributorId":19292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carl","given":"Gottschall","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012765,"text":"70012765 - 1978 - Earthquake swarms and local crustal spreading along major strike-slip faults in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:02","indexId":"70012765","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3209,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake swarms and local crustal spreading along major strike-slip faults in California","docAbstract":"Earthquake swarms in California are often localized to areas within dextral offsets in the linear trend in active fault strands, suggesting a relation between earthquake swarms and local crustal spreading. Local crustal spereading is required by the geometry of dextral offsets when, as in the San Andreas system, faults have dominantly strike-slip motion with right-lateral displacement. Three clear examples of this relation occur in the Imperial Valley, Coso Hot Springs, and the Danville region, all in California. The first two of these areas are known for their Holocene volcanism and geothermal potential, which is consistent with crustal spreading and magmatic intrusion. The third example, however, shows no evidence for volcanism or geothermal activity at the surface. ?? 1978 Birkha??user Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Birkha??user-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00879733","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Weaver, C., and Hill, D., 1978, Earthquake swarms and local crustal spreading along major strike-slip faults in California: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, v. 117, no. 1-2, p. 51-64, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00879733.","startPage":"51","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205153,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00879733"}],"volume":"117","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0506e4b0c8380cd50c10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weaver, C.S.","contributorId":57874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, D.P.","contributorId":27432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012767,"text":"70012767 - 1978 - Mössbauer spectroscopic investigation of iron species in coal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-15T10:23:55","indexId":"70012767","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1709,"text":"Fuel","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mössbauer spectroscopic investigation of iron species in coal","docAbstract":"A series of Herrin No. 6 coal and three coal-derived samples have been examined by Mo??ssbauer spectroscopy. It is established that Mo??ssbauer spectroscopy can be used to identify multiple iron species in a whole coal or an autoclaved char sample without the need to concentrate the minerals to enhance resolution. Our results indicate that there may be an association between the pyrite in raw coal and the coal matrix. This association appears to be broken down when the coal is heated to temperatures as low as 175 ??C. It is also apparent that the iron sulphide present in the whole coal is converted to pyrite at these low temperatures. For our samples, the total quantity of iron species in different coal lithotypes is about the same, but they differ in their distributions. The fusain has the least amount of Fe2+ species when compared to the vitrain or whole-coal sample used. At least two types of nonstoichiometric pyrrhotite are produced in the heat-treated samples. One of these pyrrhotites is unstable and contains dissolved sulphur which is apparently liberated as the temperature is increased. ?? 1978.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-2361(78)90089-3","issn":"00162361","usgsCitation":"Smith, G.V., Liu, J., and Saporoschenko, M., 1978, Mössbauer spectroscopic investigation of iron species in coal: Fuel, v. 57, no. 1, p. 41-45, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(78)90089-3.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"45","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b8de4b0c8380cd6f632","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Gerard V.","contributorId":93629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Gerard","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Juei-Ho","contributorId":62745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Juei-Ho","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saporoschenko, Mykola","contributorId":31905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saporoschenko","given":"Mykola","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70169285,"text":"70169285 - 1978 - Prediction monitoring and evaluation program; a progress report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-07T16:57:07","indexId":"70169285","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prediction monitoring and evaluation program; a progress report","docAbstract":"Can your friend's relative really predict earthquakes? Or how about that fellow in the mountains who has always liked geology, does he have the answer to the \"when\" of earthquakes? And if these people do actually predict an earthquake, is it a lucky guess or are they tuned in to something? A lucky guess would be interesting; 1 correct guess in 100 tries is hardly prediction. But 90 out of 100-now that's prediction!
\nAs part of an attempt to separate useful predictions from inaccurate guesses, we have kept score on earthquake predictions from all sources brought to our attention over the past year and a half. The program was outlined in \"Earthquake Prediction;Fact and Fallacy\" by Roger N. Hunter (Earthquake Information Bulletin, vol. 8, no. 5, September-October 1976, p. 24-25). The program attracted a great deal of public attention, and, as a result, our files now contain over 2500 predictions from more than 230 different people.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Hunter, R., and Derr, J., 1978, Prediction monitoring and evaluation program; a progress report: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 10, no. 3, p. 93-96.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"96","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319236,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be48e4b0f59b85e02ecb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunter, R.N.","contributorId":43115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"R.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Derr, J.S.","contributorId":37477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derr","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":8968,"text":"ofr78322 - 1978 - Underway seismic data collected on U.S.G.S. Cruise S6-77, southeastern Bering Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-18T21:58:07.565537","indexId":"ofr78322","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-322","title":"Underway seismic data collected on U.S.G.S. Cruise S6-77, southeastern Bering Sea","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78322","usgsCitation":"Gardner, J.V., and Vallier, T., 1978, Underway seismic data collected on U.S.G.S. Cruise S6-77, southeastern Bering Sea: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-322, Report: 6 p.; 1 Plate:, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78322.","productDescription":"Report: 6 p.; 1 Plate:","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":415974,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_14684.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":36590,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0322/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36589,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0322/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141147,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0322/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"southeastern Bering Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -173,\n 57\n ],\n [\n -173,\n 53.5\n ],\n [\n -164,\n 53.5\n ],\n [\n -164,\n 57\n ],\n [\n -173,\n 57\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f654","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, James V.","contributorId":93035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vallier, T.L.","contributorId":69526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vallier","given":"T.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70181879,"text":"70181879 - 1978 - Reservoir ecosystems and western coal development in the Upper Missouri River ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-14T17:05:40","indexId":"70181879","displayToPublicDate":"1978-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Reservoir ecosystems and western coal development in the Upper Missouri River ","docAbstract":"No abstract available
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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":152492,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey","id":918809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009982,"text":"70009982 - 1977 - A high-frequency sonar for profiling small-scale subaqueous bedforms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-17T17:18:16.217026","indexId":"70009982","displayToPublicDate":"2023-04-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A high-frequency sonar for profiling small-scale subaqueous bedforms","docAbstract":"A high-resolution ultrasonic profiler has been developed which permits both laboratory and field studies of small-scale subaqueous bedforms. The device uses a 2.5-cm diameter piezoelectric ceramic crystal pulsed at a frequency of 4.5 MHz to obtain vertical accuracy and resolution of at least 1 mm. Compared to other small-scale profiling methods, this ultrasonic technique profiles the bottom more accurately and more rapidly without disturbing the bedforms. These characteristics are vital in wave-dominated nearshore zones where oscillatory flow and low visibility for the most part have stymied detailed bedform studies.
In the laboratory the transducer is mounted directly to an instrument carriage. For field work the transducer housing is mounted in a 2 m long aluminum frame which is situated and operated by scuba divers. Observations using the device include ripple geometry and migration, the suspension height of sand during sheet flow, and long-term erosion/deposition at a point.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(77)90072-X","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Dingler, J., Boylls, J., and Lowe, R., 1977, A high-frequency sonar for profiling small-scale subaqueous bedforms: Marine Geology, v. 24, no. 4, p. 279-288, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(77)90072-X.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"288","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":488455,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/34794","text":"External Repository"},{"id":219730,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e41ee4b0c8380cd4640f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dingler, J.R.","contributorId":64247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dingler","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boylls, J.C.","contributorId":70916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boylls","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowe, R.L.","contributorId":67063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowe","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":56378,"text":"wdrMDDE761 - 1977 - Water resources data for Maryland and Delaware, water year 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-22T19:29:03.387539","indexId":"wdrMDDE761","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-22T14:45:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"MD-DE-76-1","displayTitle":"Water Resources Data for Maryland and Delaware, Water Year 1976","title":"Water resources data for Maryland and Delaware, water year 1976","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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\"}}]}","contact":"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f42d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221070,"text":"5221070 - 1977 - Studies on the protein and sulfur amino acid requirements of young Bobwhite quail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-25T15:22:52.196399","indexId":"5221070","displayToPublicDate":"2019-12-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3105,"text":"Poultry Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Studies on the protein and sulfur amino acid requirements of young Bobwhite quail","docAbstract":"Four experiments were conducted with purified diets to examine the influence of protein level and to estimate the sulfur amino acid (S.A.A.) requirement of young Bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus). These studies demonstrated (I) that 26% protein was sufficient for rapid growth when the diet was supplemented with methionine; (2) that diets containing higher levels of protein (29.3% and 31.3%) failed to support satisfactory growth unless they contained supplemental methionine; and (3) that young Bobwhite quail require no more than 1.0% sulfur-containing amino acids for optimal growth and efficiency of feed utilization.
A fifth experiment was conducted to examine the protein and S.A.A. requirements of young Bobwhite quail using practical rations and to compare results with those obtained with purified diets. Diets containing 24%, 26% and 28% protein were supplied with and without supplemental methionine in a five week study. Results showed significant growth responses to protein and supplemental methionine. Responses showed that Bobwhite quail require no more than 26% protein for maximum growth and efficiency of feed utilization when the S.A.A. level of the diet was approximately 1.0%. The results were in close agreement with those obtained with purified diets. These findings define more precisely than had been known the quantitative requirements of young Bobwhite quail for protein and for the S.A.A. necessary for optimal growth.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.3382/ps.0560577","usgsCitation":"Serafin, J.A., 1977, Studies on the protein and sulfur amino acid requirements of young Bobwhite quail: Poultry Science, v. 56, no. 2, p. 577-585, https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0560577.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"577","endPage":"585","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":491502,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0560577","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":194008,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699dfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Serafin, John A.","contributorId":11292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serafin","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199454,"text":"70199454 - 1977 - Field expectations and the determination of wildcat drilling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T14:33:40","indexId":"70199454","displayToPublicDate":"2018-09-18T14:22:54","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3446,"text":"Southern Economic Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field expectations and the determination of wildcat drilling","docAbstract":"There is currently some dissatisfaction with macroeconomic approaches to modeling the supply of domestic crude oil. One problem that has been pointed out is that the estimated supply responses of new discoveries brought about by price increases appear to be unrealistically high. Because data frequently used in these models are highly aggregated over time and include diverse geologic regions, this criticism may not be unwarranted. Moreover, with highly aggregated data testable hypotheses relating to operator behavior at the field level are limited. Because of the somewhat decentralized nature of firm decision making, operator field behavior significantly affects the wildcat drilling rate and hence the interarrival times, i.e., temporal sequence, of expected discoveries.
","language":"English ","publisher":"Southern Economic Association","doi":"10.2307/1057299","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E., and Drew, L.J., 1977, Field expectations and the determination of wildcat drilling: Southern Economic Journal, v. 44, no. 1, p. 53-67, https://doi.org/10.2307/1057299.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"67","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357448,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, Emil D. 0000-0001-6845-7160 attanasi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":198728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"Emil D.","email":"attanasi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drew, L. J.","contributorId":118947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70198466,"text":"70198466 - 1977 - Geology of the Greenfield and Sherando quadrangles, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-03T13:04:06","indexId":"70198466","displayToPublicDate":"2018-01-01T13:03:38","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Geology of the Greenfield and Sherando quadrangles, Virginia","largerWorkTitle":"Virginia division of mineral resources publication","publisher":"Commonwealth of Virginia, Dept. of Conservation and Economic Development, Division of Mineral Resources","publisherLocation":"Charlottesville, VA","usgsCitation":"Bartholomew, M.J., 1977, Geology of the Greenfield and Sherando quadrangles, Virginia, v. 4, 43 p.","productDescription":"43 p.","costCenters":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356140,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Greenfield quandrangle, Sherando quadrangle","volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomew, Mervin J.","contributorId":111518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomew","given":"Mervin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70180026,"text":"70180026 - 1977 - Developing a state water plan: Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 1977","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T13:00:14","indexId":"70180026","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":110,"text":"Cooperative Investigations Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"16","title":"Developing a state water plan: Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 1977","docAbstract":"This report is the fourteenth in a series of annual reports that describe ground-water conditions in Utah. Reports in this series, prepared cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Utah Division of Water Resources, provide data to enable interested parties to keep abreast of changing ground-water conditions.
This report, like the others (see references, p. 16), contains information on well construction, ground-water withdrawals, water-level changes, and related changes in precipitation and streamflow. Supplementary data such as graphs showing chemical quality of water and maps showing water-table configuration are included in reports of this series only for those years or areas for which applicable data are available and are important to a discussion of changing ground-water conditions.
This report includes individual discussions of selected major areas of ground-water withdrawal in the State for the calendar year 1976. Water-level fluctuations, however, are described for the period spring 1976 to spring 1977. Much of the data used in this report were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Division of Water Rights, Utah Department of Natural Resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Utah","usgsCitation":"Bolke, E., Jibson, W., Mower, R.W., Razem, A., Cordova, R., Jensen, V., ReMillard, M.D., Sandberg, G.W., Sumison, C., and Herbert, L.R., 1977, Developing a state water plan: Ground-water conditions in Utah, spring of 1977: Cooperative Investigations Report 16, viii, 64 p.","productDescription":"viii, 64 p.","numberOfPages":"74","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333716,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=50-1-188"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5887248be4b08aa8f945abfa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bolke, E.L.","contributorId":52151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolke","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jibson, W.N.","contributorId":27928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jibson","given":"W.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mower, R. W.","contributorId":34898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mower","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Razem, A. C.","contributorId":34924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Razem","given":"A. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cordova, R.M.","contributorId":77511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordova","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jensen, V.L.","contributorId":99034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"V.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"ReMillard, M. D.","contributorId":38645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ReMillard","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sandberg, G. W.","contributorId":55426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sumison, C.T.","contributorId":39057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sumison","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Herbert, L. R.","contributorId":39865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herbert","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":659878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70178602,"text":"70178602 - 1977 - Earthquakes: March-April 1977","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T14:43:38","indexId":"70178602","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquakes: March-April 1977","docAbstract":"[No abstract]
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Person, W.J., 1977, Earthquakes: March-April 1977: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 9, no. 6, p. 25-26.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"26","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331332,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"583ff366e4b04fc80e437287","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Spall, Henry","contributorId":77933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spall","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654523,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Person, Waverly J.","contributorId":75143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"Waverly","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70178730,"text":"70178730 - 1977 - Earthquake-hazard map of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-06T14:35:42","indexId":"70178730","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake-hazard map of the United States","docAbstract":"[None]
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Algermissen, S.T., and Perkins, D.M., 1977, Earthquake-hazard map of the United States: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 9, no. 1, p. 20-21.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"20","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331579,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5847dc80e4b06d80b7af6ac1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Spall, Henry","contributorId":77933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spall","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655002,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Algermissen, Sylvester Theodore","contributorId":94300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Algermissen","given":"Sylvester","email":"","middleInitial":"Theodore","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perkins, David M. perkins@usgs.gov","contributorId":2114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"David","email":"perkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":301,"text":"Geologic Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178732,"text":"70178732 - 1977 - A California jokulhlaup","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-06T14:45:11","indexId":"70178732","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A California jokulhlaup","docAbstract":"[None]
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Hill, M., and Egenhoff, E.L., 1977, A California jokulhlaup: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 9, no. 1, p. 27-31.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"27","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":331584,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5847dc80e4b06d80b7af6ac3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Spall, Henry","contributorId":77933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spall","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655010,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Mary","contributorId":48169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Egenhoff, Elisabeth L.","contributorId":177207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Egenhoff","given":"Elisabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178608,"text":"70178608 - 1977 - Determining the depth of an earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T15:12:59","indexId":"70178608","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining the depth of an earthquake","docAbstract":"[No abstract]
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"1977, Determining the depth of an earthquake: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 9, no. 4, p. 16-16.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"16","numberOfPages":"1","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331340,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"583ff366e4b04fc80e437289","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Spall, Henry","contributorId":77933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spall","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654530,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70178605,"text":"70178605 - 1977 - Seismic data flow at Neis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T15:05:31","indexId":"70178605","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic data flow at Neis","docAbstract":"[No abstract]
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Carlson, M., 1977, Seismic data flow at Neis: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 9, no. 4, p. 10-12.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":331336,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"583ff366e4b04fc80e43728b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Spall, Henry","contributorId":77933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spall","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654527,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, Marvin A.","contributorId":177079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"Marvin A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}