Sampling by spatially replicated counts (point-count) is an increasingly popular method of estimating population size of organisms. Challenges exist when sampling by point-count method, and it is often impractical to sample entire area of interest and impossible to detect every individual present. Ecologists encounter logistical limitations that force them to sample either few large-sample units or many small sample-units, introducing biases to sample counts. We generated a computer environment and simulated sampling scenarios to test the role of number of samples, sample unit area, number of organisms, and distribution of organisms in the estimation of population sizes using N-mixture models. Many sample units of small area provided estimates that were consistently closer to true abundance than sample scenarios with few sample units of large area. However, sample scenarios with few sample units of large area provided more precise abundance estimates than abundance estimates derived from sample scenarios with many sample units of small area. It is important to consider accuracy and precision of abundance estimates during the sample design process with study goals and objectives fully recognized, although and with consequence, consideration of accuracy and precision of abundance estimates is often an afterthought that occurs during the data analysis process.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.08.016","usgsCitation":"Kowalewski, L.K., Chizinski, C.J., Powell, L., Pope, K.L., and Pegg, M.A., 2015, Accuracy or precision: Implications of sample design and methodology on abundance estimation: Ecological Modelling, v. 316, p. 185-190, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.08.016.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"190","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064775","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308504,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"316","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560510c7e4b058f706e51299","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kowalewski, Lucas K.","contributorId":147928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kowalewski","given":"Lucas","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chizinski, Christopher J.","contributorId":7178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chizinski","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, Larkin A.","contributorId":15100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Larkin A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pegg, Mark A.","contributorId":45212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pegg","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70159641,"text":"70159641 - 2015 - Early-Holocene warming in Beringia and its mediation by sea-level and vegetation changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T11:03:29","indexId":"70159641","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-24T06:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1250,"text":"Climate of the Past","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early-Holocene warming in Beringia and its mediation by sea-level and vegetation changes","docAbstract":"Arctic land-cover changes induced by recent global climate change (e.g., expansion of woody vegetation into tundra and effects of permafrost degradation) are expected to generate further feedbacks to the climate system. Past changes can be used to assess our understanding of feedback mechanisms through a combination of process modeling and paleo-observations. The subcontinental region of Beringia (northeastern Siberia, Alaska, and northwestern Canada) was largely ice-free at the peak of deglacial warming and experienced both major vegetation change and loss of permafrost when many arctic regions were still ice covered. The evolution of Beringian climate at this time was largely driven by global features, such as the amplified seasonal cycle of Northern Hemisphere insolation and changes in global ice volume and atmospheric composition, but changes in regional land-surface controls, such as the widespread development of thaw lakes, the replacement of tundra by deciduous forest or woodland, and the flooding of the Bering–Chukchi land bridge, were probably also important. We examined the sensitivity of Beringia's early Holocene climate to these regional-scale controls using a regional climate model (RegCM). Lateral and oceanic boundary conditions were provided by global climate simulations conducted using the GENESIS V2.01 atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) with a mixed-layer ocean. We carried out two present-day simulations of regional climate – one with modern and one with 11 ka geography – plus another simulation for 6 ka. In addition, we performed five ~ 11 ka climate simulations, each driven by the same global AGCM boundary conditions: (i) 11 ka Control, which represents conditions just prior to the major transitions (exposed land bridge, no thaw lakes or wetlands, widespread tundra vegetation), (ii) sea-level rise, which employed present-day continental outlines, (iii) vegetation change, with deciduous needleleaf and deciduous broadleaf boreal vegetation types distributed as suggested by the paleoecological record, (iv) thaw lakes, which used the present-day distribution of lakes and wetlands, and (v) post-11 ka All, incorporating all boundary conditions changed in experiments (ii)–(iv). We find that regional-scale controls strongly mediate the climate responses to changes in the large-scale controls, amplifying them in some cases, damping them in others, and, overall, generating considerable spatial heterogeneity in the simulated climate changes. The change from tundra to deciduous woodland produces additional widespread warming in spring and early summer over that induced by the 11 ka insolation regime alone, and lakes and wetlands produce modest and localized cooling in summer and warming in winter. The greatest effect is the flooding of the land bridge and shelves, which produces generally cooler conditions in summer but warmer conditions in winter and is most clearly manifest on the flooded shelves and in eastern Beringia. By 6 ka continued amplification of the seasonal cycle of insolation and loss of the Laurentide ice sheet produce temperatures similar to or higher than those at 11 ka, plus a longer growing season.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/cp-11-1197-2015","usgsCitation":"Bartlein, P., Edwards, M.E., Hostetler, S.W., Shafer, S., Anderson, P.M., Brubaker, L.B., and Lozhkin, A., 2015, Early-Holocene warming in Beringia and its mediation by sea-level and vegetation changes: Climate of the Past, v. 11, no. 9, p. 1197-1222, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1197-2015.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1197","endPage":"1222","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062524","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1197-2015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311350,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Russia, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beringia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -208.65234374999997,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -208.65234374999997,\n 76.31035754301745\n ],\n [\n -115.31249999999999,\n 76.31035754301745\n ],\n [\n -115.31249999999999,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -208.65234374999997,\n 42.032974332441405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c45e4b0ebfbef0d3144","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartlein, P. 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M.","contributorId":71722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brubaker, L. B","contributorId":149867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brubaker","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[{"id":17844,"text":"University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lozhkin, A. V","contributorId":149868,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lozhkin","given":"A. V","affiliations":[{"id":17845,"text":"North East Interdisciplinary Research Inst, Far East Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan, Russia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70173445,"text":"70173445 - 2015 - Effects of land use on lake nutrients: The importance of scale, hydrologic connectivity, and region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T13:14:12","indexId":"70173445","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-23T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of land use on lake nutrients: The importance of scale, hydrologic connectivity, and region","docAbstract":"Catchment land uses, particularly agriculture and urban uses, have long been recognized as major drivers of nutrient concentrations in surface waters. However, few simple models have been developed that relate the amount of catchment land use to downstream freshwater nutrients. Nor are existing models applicable to large numbers of freshwaters across broad spatial extents such as regions or continents. This research aims to increase model performance by exploring three factors that affect the relationship between land use and downstream nutrients in freshwater: the spatial extent for measuring land use, hydrologic connectivity, and the regional differences in both the amount of nutrients and effects of land use on them. We quantified the effects of these three factors that relate land use to lake total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) in 346 north temperate lakes in 7 regions in Michigan, USA. We used a linear mixed modeling framework to examine the importance of spatial extent, lake hydrologic class, and region on models with individual lake nutrients as the response variable, and individual land use types as the predictor variables. Our modeling approach was chosen to avoid problems of multi-collinearity among predictor variables and a lack of independence of lakes within regions, both of which are common problems in broad-scale analyses of freshwaters. We found that all three factors influence land use-lake nutrient relationships. The strongest evidence was for the effect of lake hydrologic connectivity, followed by region, and finally, the spatial extent of land use measurements. Incorporating these three factors into relatively simple models of land use effects on lake nutrients should help to improve predictions and understanding of land use-lake nutrient interactions at broad scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0135454","usgsCitation":"Soranno, P.A., Cheruvelil, K.S., Wagner, T., Webster, K.E., and Bremigan, M.T., 2015, Effects of land use on lake nutrients: The importance of scale, hydrologic connectivity, and region: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 8, p. 1-22, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0135454.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061088","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471776,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0135454","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324005,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": 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Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1817","title":"Groundwater availability of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, Washington, Oregon, and Idaho","docAbstract":"The Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System (CPRAS) covers about 44,000 square miles of southeastern Washington, northeastern Oregon, and western Idaho. The area supports a $6-billion per year agricultural industry, leading the Nation in production of apples, hops, and eight other commodities. Groundwater pumpage and surface-water diversions supply water to croplands that account for about 5 percent of the Nation’s irrigated lands. Groundwater also is the primary source of drinking water for the more than 1.3 million people in the study area. Increasing competitive demands for water for municipal, fisheries/ecosystems, agricultural, domestic, hydropower, and recreational uses must be met by additional groundwater withdrawals and (or) by changes in the way water resources are allocated and used throughout the hydrologic system. As of 2014, most surface-water resources in the study area were either over allocated or fully appropriated, especially during the dry summer season. In response to continued competition for water, numerous water-management activities and concerns have gained prominence: water conservation, conjunctive use, artificial recharge, hydrologic implications of land-use change, pumpage effects on streamflow, and effects of climate variability and change. An integrated understanding of the hydrologic system is important in order to implement effective water-resource management strategies that address these concerns.
\nTo provide information to stakeholders involved in water-management activities, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Groundwater Resources Program assessed the groundwater availability as part of a national study of regional systems (U.S. Geological Survey, 2008). The CPRAS assessment includes:
\nThis effort builds on previous investigations, especially the USGS Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer-System Analysis study (CP-RASA). A major product of this new assessment is a numerical groundwater-flow model of the system. The model was used to estimate water-budget components of the hydrogeologic units composing the groundwater system, and to evaluate groundwater availability under existing land- and water-use conditions and a possible future climate scenario representing an increase in pumpage demand due to a warming climate. Information from this study also allowed for analysis of:
\nThe model also is a useful tool for investigating water supply, water demand, management strategies, groundwater-surface water exchanges, and potential effects of changing climate on the hydrologic system.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1817","isbn":"978-1-4113-3928-6","collaboration":"Groundwater Resources Program","usgsCitation":"Vaccaro, J.J., Kahle, S.C., Ely, D.M., Burns, E.R., Snyder, D.T., Haynes, J.V., Olsen, T.D., Welch, W.B., and Morgan, D.S., 2015, Groundwater availability of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, Washington, Oregon, and Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1817, 87 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/pp1817.","productDescription":"xi, 87 p.","numberOfPages":"104","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055330","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415710,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N015G7","text":"Data Release: MODFLOW-NWT model used to evaluate the groundwater availability of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, Washington, Oregon, and Idaho"},{"id":308248,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20153063","text":"Fact Sheet 2015-3063"},{"id":308247,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1817/pp1817.pdf","text":"Report","size":"24 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1817 PDF"},{"id":308246,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1817/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.1240234375,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -122.1240234375,\n 48.03401915864286\n ],\n [\n -115.4443359375,\n 48.03401915864286\n ],\n [\n -115.4443359375,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -122.1240234375,\n 43.929549935614595\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S.Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
http://wa.water.usgs.gov/
Project web page at:http://wa.water.usgs.gov/projects/cpgw/
","tableOfContents":"To predict future coastal hazards, it is important to quantify any links between climate drivers and spatial patterns of coastal change. However, most studies of future coastal vulnerability do not account for the dynamic components of coastal water levels during storms, notably wave-driven processes, storm surges and seasonal water level anomalies, although these components can add metres to water levels during extreme events. Here we synthesize multi-decadal, co-located data assimilated between 1979 and 2012 that describe wave climate, local water levels and coastal change for 48 beaches throughout the Pacific Ocean basin. We find that observed coastal erosion across the Pacific varies most closely with El Niño/Southern Oscillation, with a smaller influence from the Southern Annular Mode and the Pacific North American pattern. In the northern and southern Pacific Ocean, regional wave and water level anomalies are significantly correlated to a suite of climate indices, particularly during boreal winter; conditions in the northeast Pacific Ocean are often opposite to those in the western and southern Pacific. We conclude that, if projections for an increasing frequency of extreme El Niño and La Niña events over the twenty-first century are confirmed, then populated regions on opposite sides of the Pacific Ocean basin could be alternately exposed to extreme coastal erosion and flooding, independent of sea-level rise.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/NGEO2539","usgsCitation":"Barnard, P.L., Short, A.D., Harley, M.D., Splinter, K.D., Vitousek, S., Turner, I.L., Allan, J., Banno, M., Bryan, K., Doria, A., Hansen, J., Kato, S., Kuriyama, Y., Randall-Goodwin, E., Ruggiero, P., Walker, I.J., and Heathfield, D.K., 2015, Coastal vulnerability across the Pacific dominated by El Niño-Southern Oscillation: Nature Geoscience, v. 8, p. 801-807, https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2539.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"801","endPage":"807","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064922","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9md5g3vx","text":"External 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Waikato","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Doria, Andre","contributorId":147361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doria","given":"Andre","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12888,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ of California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hansen, Jeff E.","contributorId":60339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Jeff E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kato, Shigeru","contributorId":147363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kato","given":"Shigeru","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16830,"text":"Toyohashi University of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Kuriyama, Yoshiaki","contributorId":147364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuriyama","given":"Yoshiaki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16828,"text":"Port and Airport Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Randall-Goodwin, Evan","contributorId":147365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randall-Goodwin","given":"Evan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Ruggiero, Peter","contributorId":15709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruggiero","given":"Peter","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Walker, Ian J.","contributorId":147367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Heathfield, Derek K.","contributorId":147362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heathfield","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16829,"text":"University of Victoria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70157341,"text":"70157341 - 2015 - Intra-annual patterns in adult band-tailed pigeon survival estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-21T13:37:42","indexId":"70157341","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-21T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3777,"text":"Wildlife Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intra-annual patterns in adult band-tailed pigeon survival estimates","docAbstract":"Context: The band-tailed pigeon (Patagioenas fasciata) is a migratory species occurring in western North America with low recruitment potential and populations that have declined an average of 2.4% per year since the 1960s. Investigations into band-tailed pigeon demographic rates date back to the early 1900s, and existing annual survival rate estimates were derived in the 1970s using band return data.
\nAims: The primary purpose of the paper was to demonstrate that the apparent paradox between band-tailed pigeon population dynamics (long-term steady decline) and breeding season survival rates (very high) can be explained by changes in survival probability during the remainder of the year.
\nMethods: We trapped Pacific coast band-tailed pigeons during two separate periods: we equipped pigeons with very high frequency (VHF) radio-transmitters in 1999–2000 (1999 = 20; 2000 = 34); and outfitted pigeons with solar powered platform transmitting terminal (PTT) transmitters in 2006–08 (n = 20). We used known fate models to estimate annual survival rates and seasonal survival variation among four periods based on an annual behavioural cycle based on phenological events (nesting, autumn migration, winter and spring migrations). We used model averaged parameter estimates to account for model selection uncertainty.
\nKey results: Neither body condition nor sex were associated with variation in band-tailed pigeon survival rates. Weekly survival during the nesting season did not differ significantly between VHF-marked (0.996; CI = 0.984–0.999) and PTT-marked pigeons (0.998; CI = 0.990–1.00). Model averaged annual survival of PTT-marked pigeons was 0.682 (95% CI = 0.426–0.861) and was similar to annual survival estimated in previous studies using band return data. Survival probability was lowest during both migration periods and highest during the nesting period.
\nConclusions: Our survival estimates are consistent with those of prior studies and suggest that mortality risk is greatest during migration. Weekly survival probability during winter was nearly the same as during the nesting season; however, winter was the longest period and survival throughout winter was lower than other seasons.
\nImplications: We present the first inter-seasonal analysis of survival probability of the Pacific coast race of band-tailed pigeons and illustrate important temporal patterns that may influence future species management including harvest strategies and disease monitoring.
","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO","publisherLocation":"East Melbourne, Australia","doi":"10.1071/WR14199","collaboration":"CADFW, USFWS, ORFW, WAFW","usgsCitation":"Casazza, M.L., Coates, P.S., Overton, C.T., and Howe, K.H., 2015, Intra-annual patterns in adult band-tailed pigeon survival estimates: Wildlife Research, v. 42, no. 5, p. 454-459, https://doi.org/10.1071/WR14199.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"454","endPage":"459","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062587","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308315,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56011c6fe4b03bc34f5443db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overton, Cory T. 0000-0002-5060-7447 coverton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-7447","contributorId":3262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overton","given":"Cory","email":"coverton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howe, Kristy H. khowe@usgs.gov","contributorId":147803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howe","given":"Kristy","email":"khowe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157284,"text":"70157284 - 2015 - Individual heterogeneity in growth and age at sexual maturity: A gamma process analysis of capture–mark–recapture data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-11T16:53:03","indexId":"70157284","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-21T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2151,"text":"Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Individual heterogeneity in growth and age at sexual maturity: A gamma process analysis of capture–mark–recapture data","docAbstract":"Knowledge of organisms’ growth rates and ages at sexual maturity is important for conservation efforts and a wide variety of studies in ecology and evolutionary biology. However, these life history parameters may be difficult to obtain from natural populations: individuals encountered may be of unknown age, information on age at sexual maturity may be uncertain and interval-censored, and growth data may include both individual heterogeneity and measurement errors. We analyzed mark–recapture data for Red-backed Salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) to compare sex-specific growth rates and ages at sexual maturity. Aging of individuals was made possible by the use of a von Bertalanffy model of growth, complemented with models for interval-censored and imperfect observations at sexual maturation. Individual heterogeneity in growth was modeled through the use of Gamma processes. Our analysis indicates that female P. cinereus mature earlier and grow more quickly than males, growing to nearly identical asymptotic size distributions as males.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Statistical Association: International Biometric Society","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","doi":"10.1007/s13253-015-0211-8","usgsCitation":"Link, W.A., and Hesed, K.M., 2015, Individual heterogeneity in growth and age at sexual maturity: A gamma process analysis of capture–mark–recapture data: Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics, v. 20, no. 3, p. 343-352, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13253-015-0211-8.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"343","endPage":"352","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063230","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308314,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56011c6ae4b03bc34f5443d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Link, William A. 0000-0002-9913-0256 wlink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9913-0256","contributorId":146920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Link","given":"William","email":"wlink@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hesed, Kyle Miller","contributorId":147823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hesed","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"Miller","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70190286,"text":"70190286 - 2015 - Hydro-bio-geomechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments from Nankai Trough","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T16:11:28","indexId":"70190286","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2382,"text":"Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydro-bio-geomechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments from Nankai Trough","docAbstract":"Natural hydrate-bearing sediments from the Nankai Trough, offshore Japan, were studied using the Pressure Core Characterization Tools (PCCTs) to obtain geomechanical, hydrological, electrical, and biological properties under in situ pressure, temperature, and restored effective stress conditions. Measurement results, combined with index-property data and analytical physics-based models, provide unique insight into hydrate-bearing sediments in situ. Tested cores contain some silty-sands, but are predominantly sandy- and clayey-silts. Hydrate saturations Sh range from 0.15 to 0.74, with significant concentrations in the silty-sands. Wave velocity and flexible-wall permeameter measurements on never-depressurized pressure-core sediments suggest hydrates in the coarser-grained zones, the silty-sands where Sh exceeds 0.4, contribute to soil-skeletal stability and are load-bearing. In the sandy- and clayey-silts, where Sh < 0.4, the state of effective stress and stress history are significant factors determining sediment stiffness. Controlled depressurization tests show that hydrate dissociation occurs too quickly to maintain thermodynamic equilibrium, and pressure–temperature conditions track the hydrate stability boundary in pure-water, rather than that in seawater, in spite of both the in situ pore water and the water used to maintain specimen pore pressure prior to dissociation being saline. Hydrate dissociation accompanied with fines migration caused up to 2.4% vertical strain contraction. The first-ever direct shear measurements on never-depressurized pressure-core specimens show hydrate-bearing sediments have higher sediment strength and peak friction angle than post-dissociation sediments, but the residual friction angle remains the same in both cases. Permeability measurements made before and after hydrate dissociation demonstrate that water permeability increases after dissociation, but the gain is limited by the transition from hydrate saturation before dissociation to gas saturation after dissociation. In a proof-of-concept study, sediment microbial communities were successfully extracted and stored under high-pressure, anoxic conditions. Depressurized samples of these extractions were incubated in air, where microbes exhibited temperature-dependent growth rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.02.033","usgsCitation":"Santamarina, J., Dai, S., Terzariol, M., Jang, J., Waite, W., Winters, W.J., Nagao, J., Yoneda, J., Konno, Y., Fujii, T., and Suzuki, K., 2015, Hydro-bio-geomechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments from Nankai Trough: Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 66, no. 2, p. 434-450, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.02.033.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"434","endPage":"450","ipdsId":"IP-062005","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.02.033","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":345091,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"599e944ae4b04935557fe9dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Santamarina, J.C.","contributorId":50283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santamarina","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dai, Shifeng","contributorId":138922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dai","given":"Shifeng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12582,"text":"State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":708294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Terzariol, M.","contributorId":195811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Terzariol","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jang, Jeonghwan","contributorId":190816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jang","given":"Jeonghwan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Waite, William F. 0000-0002-9436-4109 wwaite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-4109","contributorId":625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"William F.","email":"wwaite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Winters, William J. bwinters@usgs.gov","contributorId":522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"William","email":"bwinters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":708297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nagao, J.","contributorId":195812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nagao","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yoneda, J.","contributorId":195813,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yoneda","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Konno, Y.","contributorId":195814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Konno","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Fujii, T.","contributorId":195815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujii","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Suzuki, K.","contributorId":178737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suzuki","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":708302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70157348,"text":"70157348 - 2015 - A comparison of estimates of basin-scale soil-moisture evapotranspiration and estimates of riparian groundwater evapotranspiration with implications for water budgets in the Verde Valley, Central Arizona, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-03T14:59:40.000811","indexId":"70157348","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of estimates of basin-scale soil-moisture evapotranspiration and estimates of riparian groundwater evapotranspiration with implications for water budgets in the Verde Valley, Central Arizona, USA","docAbstract":"Population growth in the Verde Valley in Arizona has led to efforts to better understand water availability in the watershed. Evapotranspiration (ET) is a substantial component of the water budget and a critical factor in estimating groundwater recharge in the area. In this study, four estimates of ET are compared and discussed with applications to the Verde Valley. Higher potential ET (PET) rates from the soil-water balance (SWB) recharge model resulted in an average annual ET volume about 17% greater than for ET from the basin characteristics (BCM) recharge model. Annual BCM PET volume, however, was greater by about a factor of 2 or more than SWB actual ET (AET) estimates, which are used in the SWB model to estimate groundwater recharge. ET also was estimated using a method that combines MODIS-EVI remote sensing data and geospatial information and by the MODFLOW-EVT ET package as part of a regional groundwater-flow model that includes the study area. Annual ET volumes were about same for upper-bound MODIS-EVI ET for perennial streams as for the MODFLOW ET estimates, with the small differences between the two methods having minimal impact on annual or longer groundwater budgets for the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.005","usgsCitation":"Tillman, F.D., Wiele, S.M., and Pool, D.R., 2015, A comparison of estimates of basin-scale soil-moisture evapotranspiration and estimates of riparian groundwater evapotranspiration with implications for water budgets in the Verde Valley, Central Arizona, USA: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 124, p. 278-291, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.005.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"278","endPage":"291","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062528","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308335,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Verde Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.43291497881991,\n 35.18255355174023\n ],\n [\n -112.43291497881991,\n 34.55130008916785\n ],\n [\n -110.95736033278712,\n 34.55130008916785\n ],\n [\n -110.95736033278712,\n 35.18255355174023\n ],\n [\n -112.43291497881991,\n 35.18255355174023\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"124","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56012a34e4b03bc34f5443ea","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.005","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.09.005","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Tillman F.D, Wiele S.M., Pool D.R.","journalName":"Journal of Arid Environments","publicationDate":"1/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillman, Fred D. 0000-0002-2922-402X ftillman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-402X","contributorId":147809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"Fred","email":"ftillman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiele, Stephen M. smwiele@usgs.gov","contributorId":2199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiele","given":"Stephen","email":"smwiele@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pool, Donald R. drpool@usgs.gov","contributorId":1121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"Donald","email":"drpool@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70215738,"text":"70215738 - 2015 - Metagenomic analysis of planktonic microbial consortia from a non-tidal urban-impacted segment of James River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-28T12:55:07.626365","indexId":"70215738","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-19T07:49:37","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7182,"text":"Standards in Genomic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metagenomic analysis of planktonic microbial consortia from a non-tidal urban-impacted segment of James River","docAbstract":"Knowledge of the diversity and ecological function of the microbial consortia of James River in Virginia, USA, is essential to developing a more complete understanding of the ecology of this model river system. Metagenomic analysis of James River's planktonic microbial community was performed for the first time using an unamplified genomic library and a 16S rDNA amplicon library prepared and sequenced by Ion PGM and MiSeq, respectively. From the 0.46-Gb WGS library (GenBank:SRR1146621; MG-RAST:4532156.3), 4 × 106 reads revealed >3 × 106 genes, 240 families of prokaryotes, and 155 families of eukaryotes. From the 0.68-Gb 16S library (GenBank:SRR2124995; MG-RAST:4631271.3; EMB:2184), 4 × 106 reads revealed 259 families of eubacteria. Results of the WGS and 16S analyses were highly consistent and indicated that more than half of the bacterial sequences were Proteobacteria, predominantly Comamonadaceae. The most numerous genera in this group were Acidovorax (including iron oxidizers, nitrotolulene degraders, and plant pathogens), which accounted for 10 % of assigned bacterial reads. Polaromonas were another 6 % of all bacterial reads, with many assignments to groups capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Albidiferax (iron reducers) and Variovorax (biodegraders of a variety of natural biogenic compounds as well as anthropogenic contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and endocrine disruptors) each accounted for an additional 3 % of bacterial reads. Comparison of these data to other publically-available aquatic metagenomes revealed that this stretch of James River is highly similar to the upper Mississippi River, and that these river systems are more similar to aquaculture and sludge ecosystems than they are to lakes or to a pristine section of the upper Amazon River. Taken together, these analyses exposed previously unknown aspects of microbial biodiversity, documented the ecological responses of microbes to urban effects, and revealed the noteworthy presence of 22 human-pathogenic bacterial genera (e.g., Enterobacteriaceae, pathogenic Pseudomonadaceae, and ‘Vibrionales') and 6 pathogenic eukaryotic genera (e.g., Trypanosomatidae and Vahlkampfiidae). This information about pathogen diversity may be used to promote human epidemiological studies, enhance existing water quality monitoring efforts, and increase awareness of the possible health risks associated with recreational use of James River.
The water resources of Deep Creek Valley were assessed during 2012–13 with an emphasis on better understanding the groundwater flow system and groundwater budget. Surface-water resources are limited in Deep Creek Valley and are generally used for agriculture. Groundwater is the predominant water source for most other uses and to supplement irrigation. Most groundwater withdrawal in Deep Creek Valley occurs from the unconsolidated basin-fill deposits, in which conditions are generally unconfined near the mountain front and confined in the lower-altitude parts of the valley. Productive aquifers are also present in fractured bedrock that occurs along the valley margins and beneath the basin-fill deposits. The consolidated-rock and basin-fill aquifers are hydraulically connected in many areas with much of the recharge occurring in the consolidated-rock mountain blocks and most of the discharge occurring from the lower-altitude basin-fill deposits.
\nAverage annual recharge to the Deep Creek Valley hydrographic area was estimated to be between 19,000 and 29,000 acre-feet. Groundwater recharge occurs mostly from the infiltration of precipitation and snowmelt at high altitudes. Additional, but limited recharge occurs from the infiltration of runoff from precipitation near the mountain front, infiltration along stream channels, and possible subsurface inflow from adjacent hydrographic areas. Groundwater moves from areas of recharge to springs and streams in the mountains, and to evapotranspiration areas, springs, streams, and wells in the basins. Discharge may also occur as subsurface groundwater outflow to adjacent hydrographic areas. Average annual discharge from the Deep Creek Valley hydrographic area was estimated to be between 21,000 and 22,000 acre-feet, with the largest portion of discharge occurring as evapotranspiration.
\nGroundwater samples were collected from 10 sites for geochemical analysis. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 126 to 475 milligrams per liter, and none of the sites sampled during this study had dissolved-solids concentrations that exceeded the Environmental Protection Agency secondary standard for drinking water of 500 milligrams per liter. Tritium concentrations from 1.6 to 10.1 tritium units at 3 of the 10 sample sites indicate the presence of modern (less than 60 years old) groundwater, and apparent tritium/helium-3 ages calculated for these sites ranged from 7 to 29 years. The other seven sample sites had tritium concentrations less than or equal to 0.4 tritium units and are assumed to be pre-modern. Adjusted minimum radiocarbon ages of these seven pre-modern water samples ranged from 1,000 to 8,000 years with the ages of at least four of the samples being more than 3,000 years. Noble-gas recharge temperatures indicate that groundwater sampled along the valley axis recharged at both mountain and valley altitudes, providing evidence for both mountain-block and mountain-front recharge.
\nWater-level altitude contours and groundwater ages indicate the potential for a long flow path from southwest to northeast between northern Spring and Deep Creek Valleys through Tippett Valley. Although information gathered during this study is insufficient to conclude whether or not groundwater travels along this interbasin flow path, dissolved sulfate and chloride data indicate that a small fraction of the lower altitude, northern Deep Creek Valley discharge may be sourced from these areas. Despite the uncertainty due to limited data collection points, a hydraulic connection between northern Spring Valley, Tippett Valley, and Deep Creek Valley appears likely, and potential regional effects resulting from future groundwater withdrawals in northern Spring Valley warrant ongoing monitoring of groundwater levels across this area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155097","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs","usgsCitation":"Gardner, P.M., and Masbruch, M.D., 2015, Hydrogeologic and geochemical characterization of groundwater resources in Deep Creek Valley and adjacent areas, Juab and Tooele Counties, Utah, and Elko and White Pine Counties, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5097, 53 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155097.","productDescription":"viii, 54 p.","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037371","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308275,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5097/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":308276,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5097/sir20155097.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5097 PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada, Utah","county":"Elko County, Juab County, Tooele County, White Pine County","otherGeospatial":"Deep Creek Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.59564208984374,\n 39.35766163717121\n ],\n [\n -114.59564208984374,\n 40.49918094806632\n ],\n [\n -113.72222900390625,\n 40.49918094806632\n ],\n [\n -113.72222900390625,\n 39.35766163717121\n ],\n [\n -114.59564208984374,\n 39.35766163717121\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Utah Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2329 Orton Circle
Salt Lake City, Utah 84119-2047
http://ut.water.usgs.gov
Algal blooms in the Great Lakes are a potential food source for silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (H. nobilis; together bigheaded carps). Understanding these blooms thus plays an important role in understanding the invasion potential of bigheaded carps. We used remote sensing imagery, temperatures, and improved species specific bioenergetics models to determine algal concentrations sufficient for adult bigheaded carps. Depending on water temperature we found that bigheaded carp require between 2 and 7 μg/L chlorophyll or between 0.3 and 1.26 × 105cells/mL Microcystis to maintain body weight. Algal concentrations in the western basin and shoreline were found to be commonly several times greater than the concentrations required for weight maintenance. The remote sensing images show that area of sufficient algal foods commonly encompassed several hundred square kilometers to several thousands of square kilometers when blooms form. From 2002 to 2011, mean algal concentrations increased 273%–411%. This indicates Lake Erie provides increasingly adequate planktonic algal food for bigheaded carps. The water temperatures and algal concentrations detected in Lake Erie from 2008 to 2012 support positive growth rates such that a 4 kg silver carp could gain between 19 and 57% of its body weight in a year. A 5 kg bighead carp modeled at the same water temperatures could gain 20–81% of their body weight in the same period. The remote sensing imagery and bioenergetic models suggest that bigheaded carps would not be food limited if they invaded Lake Erie.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.029","usgsCitation":"Anderson, K.R., Chapman, D., Wynne, T., Masagounder, K., and Paukert, C.P., 2015, Suitability of Lake Erie for bigheaded carps based on bioenergetic models and remote sensing: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 41, no. 2, p. 358-366, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.029.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"358","endPage":"366","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056785","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308312,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie, Lake St. Clair","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n 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]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56012aabe4b03bc34f544434","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Karl R. 0000-0002-8584-1225 karlanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8584-1225","contributorId":5113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Karl","email":"karlanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wynne, Timothy","contributorId":147819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wynne","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[{"id":16942,"text":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Masagounder, Karthik 0000-0001-7354-1009","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7354-1009","contributorId":147820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Masagounder","given":"Karthik","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16943,"text":"University of Missouri-Columbia MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paukert, Craig P. 0000-0002-9369-8545 cpaukert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-8545","contributorId":147821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paukert","given":"Craig","email":"cpaukert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155178,"text":"tm7C12 - 2015 - Approaches in highly parameterized inversion—PEST++ Version 3, a Parameter ESTimation and uncertainty analysis software suite optimized for large environmental models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-06T11:25:48","indexId":"tm7C12","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-18T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"7-C12","title":"Approaches in highly parameterized inversion—PEST++ Version 3, a Parameter ESTimation and uncertainty analysis software suite optimized for large environmental models","docAbstract":"The PEST++ Version 1 object-oriented parameter estimation code is here extended to Version 3 to incorporate additional algorithms and tools to further improve support for large and complex environmental modeling problems. PEST++ Version 3 includes the Gauss-Marquardt-Levenberg (GML) algorithm for nonlinear parameter estimation, Tikhonov regularization, integrated linear-based uncertainty quantification, options of integrated TCP/IP based parallel run management or external independent run management by use of a Version 2 update of the GENIE Version 1 software code, and utilities for global sensitivity analyses. The Version 3 code design is consistent with PEST++ Version 1 and continues to be designed to lower the barriers of entry for users as well as developers while providing efficient and optimized algorithms capable of accommodating large, highly parameterized inverse problems. As such, this effort continues the original focus of (1) implementing the most popular and powerful features of the PEST software suite in a fashion that is easy for novice or experienced modelers to use and (2) developing a software framework that is easy to extend.
\nThe PEST++ Version 3 software suite can be compiled for Microsoft Windows®4 and Linux®5 operating systems; the source code is available in a Microsoft Visual Studio®6 2013 solution; Linux Makefiles are also provided. PEST++ Version 3 continues to build a foundation for an open-source framework capable of producing robust and efficient parameter estimation tools for large environmental models.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section C: Computer programs in Book 7 Automated Data Processing and Computations","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm7C12","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,Wisconsin Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, Wisconsin 53562-3586
http://wi.water.usgs.gov/
Historically, the city of Palmdale and vicinity have relied on groundwater as the primary source of water, owing, in large part, to the scarcity of surface water in the region. Despite recent importing of surface water, groundwater withdrawal for municipal, industrial, and agricultural use has resulted in groundwater-level declines near the city of Palmdale in excess of 200 feet since the early 1900s. To meet the growing water demand in the area, the city of Palmdale has proposed the Amargosa Creek Recharge Project (ACRP), which has a footprint of about 150 acres along the Amargosa Creek 2 miles west of Palmdale, California. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term feasibility of recharging the Antelope Valley aquifer system by using infiltration of imported surface water from the California State Water Project in percolation basins at the ACRP.
\nThree monitoring sites were constructed, and geophysical surveys (gravity, seismic, and resistivity) were completed to define the thickness of valley-fill deposits, depth to water, and location of faults that could influence groundwater flow. Data collected at the monitoring sites, and results from the geophysical surveys, were used to identify three northwest-southeast trending faults in the vicinity of the proposed recharge facility; these faults are probably related to the nearby San Andreas fault zone. Water levels collected from wells at the monitoring sites showed water-level altitude differences as much as 230 feet between the upgradient and downgradient sides of the faults, indicating that these faults are barriers to groundwater flow. Lithologic and geophysical logs indicated the presence of a coarse gravel and sand unit extending from land surface to about 150 feet below land surface that did not appear to be disrupted by faulting.
\nWater samples collected from the monitoring wells were analyzed for major ions, nutrients, trace elements, dissolved organic carbon, volatile organic compounds, stable isotopes of oxygen (oxygen-18) and hydrogen (hydrogen-2, or deuterium), and the radioactive isotopes of hydrogen (hydrogen-3, or tritium) and carbon (carbon-14, or 14C) to determine the water quality of the aquifer system and to help determine the source and age of the groundwater. Results of the water-quality analysis indicated that the source of natural recharge is Amargosa Creek near the ACRP, but that the creek does not provide modern-day recharge downstream of the ACRP.
\nPotential effects of artificial recharge at the ACRP were evaluated by using a local-scale model of groundwater flow. On the basis of geologic samples collected during drilling, the hydraulic conductivity of the sand and gravel unit in the upper 150 feet was assumed to range from 10 to 100 feet per day. To address the goal of minimizing the potential for liquefaction during an earthquake from water-table rise associated with groundwater recharge at the ACRP, simulated water levels were constrained to remain at least 50 feet below land surface, except beneath the proposed artificial-recharge facility.
\nThe hydraulic conductivities of faults were estimated on the basis of water-level data and an estimate of natural recharge along Amargosa Creek. With assumed horizontal hydraulic conductivities of 10 and 100 feet per day in the upper 150 feet, the simulated maximum artificial recharge rates to the regional flow system at the ACRP were 3,400 and 9,400 acre-feet per year, respectively. These maximum recharge rates were limited primarily by the horizontal hydraulic conductivity in the upper 150 feet and by the liquefaction constraint. Future monitoring of water-level and soil-water content changes during the proposed project would allow improved estimation of aquifer hydraulic properties, the effect of the faults on groundwater movement, and the overall recharge capacity of the ACRP.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155054","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the city of Palmdale, California","usgsCitation":"Christensen, A.H., Siade, A.J., Martin, Peter, Langeheim, V.E., Catchings, R.D., and Burgess, M.K., 2015, Feasibility and potential effects of the proposed Amargosa Creek recharge project, Palmdale, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5054, 48 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/SIR20155054.","productDescription":"viii, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-029364","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307894,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5054/sir20155054.pdf","text":"Report","size":"24.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5054"},{"id":307893,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5054/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Palmdale","otherGeospatial":"Antelope Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.58779907226561,\n 34.41710628141647\n ],\n [\n -118.58779907226561,\n 34.813803317113155\n ],\n [\n -117.73635864257812,\n 34.813803317113155\n ],\n [\n -117.73635864257812,\n 34.41710628141647\n ],\n [\n -118.58779907226561,\n 34.41710628141647\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95829
http://ca.water.usgs.gov
This study focused on the importance of the colmation layer in the removal of cyanobacteria, viruses, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) during natural bank filtration. Injection-and-recovery studies were performed at two shallow (0.5 m deep), sandy, near-shore sites at the southern end of Ashumet Pond, a waste-impacted, kettle pond on Cape Cod, MA, that is subject to periodic blooms of cyanobacteria and continuously recharges a sole-source drinking-water aquifer. The experiment involved assessing the transport behaviors of bromide (conservative tracer), Synechococcus sp. IU625 (cyanobacterium, 2.6 ± 0.2 µm), AS-1 (tailed cyanophage, 110 nm long), MS2 (coliphage, 26 nm diameter), and carboxylate-modified microspheres (1.7 µm diameter) introduced to the colmation layer using a bag-and-barrel (Lee-type) seepage meter. The injectate constituents were tracked as they were advected across the pond water–groundwater interface and through the underlying aquifer sediments under natural-gradient conditions past push-point samplers placed at ∼30-cm intervals along a 1.2-m-long, diagonally downward flow path. More than 99% of the microspheres, IU625, MS2, AS-1, and ∼44% of the pond DOC were removed in the colmation layer (upper 25 cm of poorly sorted bottom sediments) at two test locations characterized by dissimilar seepage rates (1.7 vs. 0.26 m d−1). Retention profiles in recovered core material indicated that >82% of the attached IU625 were in the top 3 cm of bottom sediments. The colmation layer was also responsible for rapid changes in the character of the DOC and was more effective (by three orders of magnitude) at removing microspheres than was the underlying 20-cm-thick segment of sediment.
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size classes. We hypothesised that morphotypes would have different spatial distributions and would be associated with different habitat features based on feeding behaviour and diet. Spatially continuous sampling was conducted over a broad extent (29 km) in the Calawah River, WA (USA). Whitefish were enumerated via snorkelling in three size classes: small (10–29 cm), medium (30–49 cm), and large (≥50 cm). We identified morphotypes based on head and snout morphology: a pinocchio form that had an elongated snout and a normal form with a blunted snout. Large size classes of both morphotypes were distributed downstream of small and medium size classes, and normal whitefish were distributed downstream of pinocchio whitefish. Ordination of whitefish assemblages with nonmetric multidimensional scaling revealed that normal whitefish size classes were associated with higher gradient and depth, whereas pinocchio whitefish size classes were positively associated with pool area, distance upstream, and depth. Reach-scale generalised additive models indicated that normal whitefish relative density was associated with larger substrate size in downstream reaches (R2 = 0.64), and pinocchio whitefish were associated with greater stream depth in the reaches farther upstream (R2 = 0.87). These results suggest broad-scale spatial segregation (1–10 km), particularly between larger and more phenotypically extreme individuals. These results provide the first perspective on spatial distributions and habitat relationships of polymorphic mountain whitefish.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12163","usgsCitation":"Starr, J.C., and Torgersen, C.E., 2015, Polymorphic mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) in a coastal riverscape: size class assemblages, distribution, and habitat associations: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 24, no. 4, p. 505-518, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12163.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"505","endPage":"518","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055420","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308205,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Calawah River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.43870544433595,\n 47.93566683402829\n ],\n [\n -124.43870544433595,\n 47.98027031431345\n ],\n [\n -124.20318603515624,\n 47.98027031431345\n ],\n [\n -124.20318603515624,\n 47.93566683402829\n ],\n [\n -124.43870544433595,\n 47.93566683402829\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa849de4b05d6c4e501a29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Starr, James C. jstarr@usgs.gov","contributorId":5854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starr","given":"James","email":"jstarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737 ctorgersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":146935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian","email":"ctorgersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70157264,"text":"70157264 - 2015 - Landscape structure affects specialists but not generalists in naturally fragmented grasslands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-04T10:37:26","indexId":"70157264","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-16T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape structure affects specialists but not generalists in naturally fragmented grasslands","docAbstract":"Understanding how biotic communities respond to landscape spatial structure is critically important for conservation management as natural landscapes become increasingly fragmented. However, empirical studies of the effects of spatial structure on plant species richness have found inconsistent results, suggesting that more comprehensive approaches are needed. In this study, we asked how landscape structure affects total plant species richness and the richness of a guild of specialized plants in a multivariate context. We sampled herbaceous plant communities at 56 dolomite glades (insular, fire-adapted grasslands) across the Missouri Ozarks, and used structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the relative importance of landscape structure, soil resource availability, and fire history for plant communities. We found that landscape spatial structure-defined as the area-weighted proximity of glade habitat surrounding study sites (proximity index)-had a significant effect on total plant species richness, but only after we controlled for environmental covariates. Richness of specialist species, but not generalists, was positively related to landscape spatial structure. Our results highlight that local environmental filters must be considered to understand the influence of landscape structure on communities, and that unique species guilds may respond differently to landscape structure than the community as a whole. These findings suggest that both local environment and landscape context should be considered when developing management strategies for species of conservation concern in fragmented habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Brooklyn, NY","doi":"10.1890/15-0245.1","collaboration":"Jesse E. D. Miller, University of Wisconsin\nEllen I. Damschen, University of Wisconsin\nSusan P. Harrison, University of California - Davis","usgsCitation":"Miller, J., Damschen, E.I., Harrison, S.P., and Grace, J.B., 2015, Landscape structure affects specialists but not generalists in naturally fragmented grasslands: Ecology, v. 96, no. 12, p. 3323-3331, https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0245.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"3323","endPage":"3331","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063314","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308206,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa849ce4b05d6c4e501a25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Jesse","contributorId":147734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Jesse","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16916,"text":"Dept. of Zoology, University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Damschen, Ellen Ingman","contributorId":6177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Damschen","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"Ingman","affiliations":[{"id":16916,"text":"Dept. of Zoology, University of Wisconsin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrison, Susan P.","contributorId":147735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16917,"text":"Dept. of Env. Sci. and Policy, University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157267,"text":"70157267 - 2015 - Will a warmer and wetter future cause extinction of native Hawaiian forest birds?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T13:41:14","indexId":"70157267","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-16T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Will a warmer and wetter future cause extinction of native Hawaiian forest birds?","docAbstract":"Isolation of the Hawaiian archipelago produced a highly endemic and unique avifauna. Avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum), an introduced mosquito-borne pathogen, is a primary cause of extinctions and declines of these endemic honeycreepers. Our research assesses how global climate change will affect future malaria risk and native bird populations. We used an epidemiological model to evaluate future bird-mosquito-malaria dynamics in response to alternative climate projections from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). Climate changes during the second half of the century accelerate malaria transmission and cause a dramatic decline in bird abundance. Different temperature and precipitation patterns produce divergent trajectories where native birds persist with low malaria infection under a warmer and dryer projection (RCP4.5), but suffer high malaria infection and severe reductions under hot and dry (RCP8.5) or warm and wet (A1B) futures. We conclude that future global climate change will cause significant decreases in the abundance and diversity of remaining Hawaiian bird communities. Because these effects appear unlikely before mid-century, natural resource managers have time to implement conservation strategies to protect this unique avifauna from further decimation. Similar climatic drivers for avian and human malaria suggest that mitigation strategies for Hawai'i have broad application to human health.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1111/gcb.13005","usgsCitation":"Liao, W., Timm, O.E., Zhang, C., Atkinson, C.T., LaPointe, D., and Samuel, M.D., 2015, Will a warmer and wetter future cause extinction of native Hawaiian forest birds?: Global Change Biology, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13005.","productDescription":"32 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059405","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308224,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.77392578125,\n 21.881889807629282\n ],\n [\n -159.80712890625,\n 22.553147478403194\n ],\n [\n -158.6865234375,\n 22.451648819126216\n ],\n [\n -154.95117187499997,\n 20.52993312517078\n ],\n [\n -154.46777343749997,\n 19.539084135509334\n ],\n [\n -155.54443359374997,\n 18.70869162255995\n ],\n [\n -156.4892578125,\n 19.145168196205297\n ],\n [\n -156.55517578125,\n 19.973348786110602\n ],\n [\n -157.5,\n 20.858811790867687\n ],\n [\n -158.97216796875,\n 21.51440672003028\n ],\n [\n -159.93896484375,\n 21.6778482933475\n ],\n [\n -160.6201171875,\n 21.35078115067975\n ],\n [\n -160.77392578125,\n 21.881889807629282\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa849ee4b05d6c4e501a31","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gcb.13005","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13005","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Liao Wei, Elison Timm Oliver, Zhang Chunxi, Atkinson Carter T., LaPointe Dennis A., Samuel Michael D.","journalName":"Global Change Biology","publicationDate":"6/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liao, Wei","contributorId":147740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liao","given":"Wei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13018,"text":"Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Timm, Oliver Elison","contributorId":147741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Timm","given":"Oliver","email":"","middleInitial":"Elison","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Chunxi","contributorId":147742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Chunxi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Atkinson, Carter T. 0000-0002-4232-5335 catkinson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-5335","contributorId":1124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atkinson","given":"Carter","email":"catkinson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"LaPointe, Dennis dlapointe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPointe","given":"Dennis","email":"dlapointe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov","contributorId":1419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"Michael","email":"msamuel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70157256,"text":"70157256 - 2015 - Evaluating species richness: biased ecological inference results from spatial heterogeneity in species detection probabilities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T08:56:53","indexId":"70157256","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-16T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating species richness: biased ecological inference results from spatial heterogeneity in species detection probabilities","docAbstract":"Accurate estimates of species richness are necessary to test predictions of ecological theory and evaluate biodiversity for conservation purposes. However, species richness is difficult to measure in the field because some species will almost always be overlooked due to their cryptic nature or the observer's failure to perceive their cues. Common measures of species richness that assume consistent observability across species are inviting because they may require only single counts of species at survey sites. Single-visit estimation methods ignore spatial and temporal variation in species detection probabilities related to survey or site conditions that may confound estimates of species richness. We used simulated and empirical data to evaluate the bias and precision of raw species counts, the limiting forms of jackknife and Chao estimators, and multi-species occupancy models when estimating species richness to evaluate whether the choice of estimator can affect inferences about the relationships between environmental conditions and community size under variable detection processes. Four simulated scenarios with realistic and variable detection processes were considered. Results of simulations indicated that (1) raw species counts were always biased low, (2) single-visit jackknife and Chao estimators were significantly biased regardless of detection process, (3) multispecies occupancy models were more precise and generally less biased than the jackknife and Chao estimators, and (4) spatial heterogeneity resulting from the effects of a site covariate on species detection probabilities had significant impacts on the inferred relationships between species richness and a spatially explicit environmental condition. For a real dataset of bird observations in northwestern Alaska, the four estimation methods produced different estimates of local species richness, which severely affected inferences about the effects of shrubs on local avian richness. Overall, our results indicate that neglecting the effects of site covariates on species detection probabilities may lead to significant bias in estimation of species richness, as well as the inferred relationships between community size and environmental covariates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/14-1248.1","collaboration":"Colleen Handel","usgsCitation":"McNew, L.B., and Handel, C.M., 2015, Evaluating species richness: biased ecological inference results from spatial heterogeneity in species detection probabilities: Ecological Applications, v. 25, no. 6, p. 1669-1680, https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1248.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1669","endPage":"1680","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056170","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438682,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7F18WS3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Avian Habitat Data; Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 2012"},{"id":438681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7JS9NG2","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Avian Point Transect Survey, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 2012"},{"id":308145,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa8499e4b05d6c4e501a21","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McNew, Lance B. lmcnew@usgs.gov","contributorId":5086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNew","given":"Lance","email":"lmcnew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155020,"text":"70155020 - 2015 - Landslides and megathrust splay faults captured by the late Holocene sediment record of eastern Prince William Sound, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-23T15:48:44","indexId":"70155020","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-15T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landslides and megathrust splay faults captured by the late Holocene sediment record of eastern Prince William Sound, Alaska","docAbstract":"We present new marine seismic‐reflection profiles and bathymetric maps to characterize Holocene depositional patterns, submarine landslides, and active faults beneath eastern and central Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska, which is the eastern rupture patch of the 1964 Mw 9.2 earthquake. We show evidence that submarine landslides, many of which are likely earthquake triggered, repeatedly released along the southern margin of Orca Bay in eastern PWS. We document motion on reverse faults during the 1964 Great Alaska earthquake and estimate late Holocene slip rates for these growth faults, which splay from the subduction zone megathrust. Regional bathymetric lineations help define the faults that extend 40–70 km in length, some of which show slip rates as great as 3.75 mm/yr. We infer that faults mapped below eastern PWS connect to faults mapped beneath central PWS and possibly onto the Alaska mainland via an en echelon style of faulting. Moderate (Mw>4) upper‐plate earthquakes since 1964 give rise to the possibility that these faults may rupture independently to potentially generate Mw 7–8 earthquakes, and that these earthquakes could damage local infrastructure from ground shaking. Submarine landslides, regardless of the source of initiation, could generate local tsunamis to produce large run‐ups along nearby shorelines. In a more general sense, the PWS area shows that faults that splay from the underlying plate boundary present proximal, perhaps independent seismic sources within the accretionary prism, creating a broad zone of potential surface rupture that can extend inland 150 km or more from subduction zone trenches.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Stanford","doi":"10.1785/0120140273","usgsCitation":"Finn, S., Liberty, L.M., Haeussler, P.J., and Pratt, T.L., 2015, Landslides and megathrust splay faults captured by the late Holocene sediment record of eastern Prince William Sound, Alaska: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 105, no. 5, p. 2343-2353, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120140273.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2343","endPage":"2353","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066872","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310615,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.512939453125,\n 59.147769484619786\n ],\n [\n -149.512939453125,\n 61.454521127671924\n ],\n [\n -144.20654296875,\n 61.454521127671924\n ],\n [\n -144.20654296875,\n 59.147769484619786\n ],\n [\n -149.512939453125,\n 59.147769484619786\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"105","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a30e4b00162522207d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finn, S.P.","contributorId":65438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liberty, Lee M.","contributorId":89631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liberty","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pratt, Thomas L. 0000-0003-3131-3141 tpratt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-3141","contributorId":3279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thomas","email":"tpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70156981,"text":"ofr20151169 - 2015 - Sedimentological and radiochemical characteristics of marsh deposits from Assateague Island and the adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia, following Hurricane Sandy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-13T16:53:28.235417","indexId":"ofr20151169","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-15T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1169","title":"Sedimentological and radiochemical characteristics of marsh deposits from Assateague Island and the adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia, following Hurricane Sandy","docAbstract":"The effect of tropical and extratropical cyclones on coastal wetlands and marshes is highly variable and depends on a number of climatic, geologic, and physical variables. The impacts of storms can be either positive or negative with respect to the wetland and marsh ecosystems. Small to moderate amounts of inorganic sediment added to the marsh surface during storms or other events help to abate pressure from sea-level rise. However, if the volume of sediment is large and the resulting deposits are thick, the organic substrate may compact causing submergence and a loss in elevation. Similarly, thick deposits of coarse inorganic sediment may also alter the hydrology of the site and impede vegetative processes. Alternative impacts associated with storms include shoreline erosion at the marsh edge as well as potential emergence. Evaluating the outcome of these various responses and potential long-term implications is possible from a systematic assessment of both historical and recent event deposits. A study was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey to assess the sedimentological and radiochemical characteristics of marsh deposits from Assateague Island and areas around Chincoteague Bay, Maryland and Virginia, following Hurricane Sandy in 2012. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the surficial sediment of the relict to recent washover fans and back-barrier marshes in the study area, and (2) characterize the sediment of six marsh cores from the back-barrier marshes and a single marsh island core near the mainland. These geologic data will be integrated with other remote sensing data collected along Assateague Island in Maryland and Virginia and assimilated into an assessment of coastal wetland response to storms.
\nThis report serves as an archive for sedimentological and radiochemical data derived from the surface sediments and marsh cores collected March 26–April 4, 2014. Select surficial data are available for the additional sampling periods October 21–30, 2014. Downloadable data are available as Excel spreadsheets and as JPEG files. Additional files include: Field documentation, x-radiographs, photographs, detailed results of sediment grain size analyses, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee metadata (data downloads).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151169","usgsCitation":"Smith, C.G., Marot, M.E., Ellis, A.M., Wheaton, C.J., Bernier, J.C., and Adams, C.S., 2015, Sedimentological and radiochemical characteristics of marsh deposits from Assateague Island and the adjacent vicinity, Maryland and Virginia, following Hurricane Sandy: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1169, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151169.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2014-03-26","temporalEnd":"2014-10-30","ipdsId":"IP-065781","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308090,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1169/index.html","text":"Report (HTML)","description":"OFR 2015-1169"},{"id":308089,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1169/images/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Assateague Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.4815673828125,\n 37.82931081282506\n ],\n [\n -75.4815673828125,\n 38.447135775082444\n ],\n [\n -75.02838134765625,\n 38.447135775082444\n ],\n [\n -75.02838134765625,\n 37.82931081282506\n ],\n [\n -75.4815673828125,\n 37.82931081282506\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 Fourth Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701-4846
(727) 502-8000
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/
This document provides an overview of the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) supplemental algorithms in conjunction with the reuse of Landsat geometric algorithms modified by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC) to create an ASTER Level 1 Precision Terrain Corrected Registered At-Sensor Radiance (AST_L1T) product. Implementation of these algorithms occurs within the AST_L1T product generation executable (PGE) as part of the open source Simple, Scalable, Script-based Science Processor for Missions (S4PM) processing software subsystem.
The AST_L1T algorithms include the following:
Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center
U.S. Geological Survey
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http://eros.usgs.gov/
Tidal wetlands are highly productive and act as critical habitat for a wide variety of plants, fish, shellfish, and other wildlife. These ecotones between aquatic and terrestrial environments also provide protection from storm damage, run-off filtering, and recharge of aquifers. Many wetlands along coasts have been exposed to stress-inducing alterations globally, including dredge and fill operations, hydrologic modifications, pollutants, impoundments, fragmentation by roads/ditches, and sea level rise. For wetland protection and sensible coastal development, there is a need to monitor these ecosystems at global and regional scales. Recent advances in satellite sensor design and data analysis are providing practical methods for monitoring natural and man-made changes in wetlands. However, available satellite remote sensors have been limited to mapping primarily wetland location and extent. This paper describes how the HyspIRI hyperspectral and thermal infrared sensors can be used to study and map key ecological properties, such as species composition, biomass, hydrology, and evapotranspiration of tidal salt and brackish marshes and mangroves, and perhaps other major wetland types, including freshwater marshes and wooded/shrub wetlands.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Elsevier Pub. Co","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2015.05.008","usgsCitation":"Kevin Turpie, Klemas, V., Byrd, K.B., Kelly, M., and Jo, Y., 2015, Prospective HyspIRI global observations of tidal wetlands: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 167, p. 206-217, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.05.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"206","endPage":"217","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059690","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471794,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2hw3t446","text":"External Repository"},{"id":312010,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"167","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5666bbece4b06a3ea36c8b40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kevin Turpie","contributorId":150358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kevin Turpie","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klemas, Victor","contributorId":150359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klemas","given":"Victor","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byrd, Kristin B. 0000-0002-5725-7486 kbyrd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-7486","contributorId":3814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrd","given":"Kristin","email":"kbyrd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelly, Maggi","contributorId":150360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Maggi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7102,"text":"University of California, Berkeley, Dept. of Civil & Envir. Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jo, Young-Heon","contributorId":150361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jo","given":"Young-Heon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18010,"text":"Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70157314,"text":"70157314 - 2015 - Integrated thermal infrared imaging and Structure-from-Motion photogrametry to map apparent temperature and radiant hydrothermal heat flux at Mammoth Mountain, CA USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-21T16:10:21","indexId":"70157314","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated thermal infrared imaging and Structure-from-Motion photogrametry to map apparent temperature and radiant hydrothermal heat flux at Mammoth Mountain, CA USA","docAbstract":"This work presents a method to create high-resolution (cm-scale) orthorectified and georeferenced maps of apparent surface temperature and radiant hydrothermal heat flux and estimate the radiant hydrothermal heat emission rate from a study area. A ground-based thermal infrared (TIR) camera was used to collect (1) a set of overlapping and offset visible imagery around the study area during the daytime and (2) time series of co-located visible and TIR imagery at one or more sites within the study area from pre-dawn to daytime. Daytime visible imagery was processed using the Structure-from-Motion photogrammetric method to create a digital elevation model onto which pre-dawn TIR imagery was orthorectified and georeferenced. Three-dimensional maps of apparent surface temperature and radiant hydrothermal heat flux were then visualized and analyzed from various computer platforms (e.g., Google Earth, ArcGIS). We demonstrate this method at the Mammoth Mountain fumarole area on Mammoth Mountain, CA. Time-averaged apparent surface temperatures and radiant hydrothermal heat fluxes were observed up to 73.7 oC and 450 W m-2, respectively, while the estimated radiant hydrothermal heat emission rate from the area was 1.54 kW. Results should provide a basis for monitoring potential volcanic unrest and mitigating hydrothermal heat-related hazards on the volcano.
","language":"English","publisher":"ScienceDirect","usgsCitation":"Lewis, A., Hilley, G., and Lewicki, J.L., 2015, Integrated thermal infrared imaging and Structure-from-Motion photogrametry to map apparent temperature and radiant hydrothermal heat flux at Mammoth Mountain, CA USA: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 303, p. 16-24.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"16","endPage":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064910","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308336,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":308274,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.07.025"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mammoth Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.11582946777342,\n 37.60117623656667\n ],\n [\n -119.11582946777342,\n 37.69088430259205\n ],\n [\n -118.9441680908203,\n 37.69088430259205\n ],\n [\n -118.9441680908203,\n 37.60117623656667\n ],\n [\n -119.11582946777342,\n 37.60117623656667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"303","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56012a5de4b03bc34f544409","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Aaron","contributorId":147792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Aaron","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hilley, George","contributorId":147793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hilley","given":"George","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewicki, Jennifer L. 0000-0003-1994-9104 jlewicki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-9104","contributorId":5071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewicki","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlewicki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70155523,"text":"ds948 - 2015 - U.S. conterminous wall-to-wall anthropogenic land use trends (NWALT), 1974–2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-17T10:12:03","indexId":"ds948","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-14T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"948","title":"U.S. conterminous wall-to-wall anthropogenic land use trends (NWALT), 1974–2012","docAbstract":"This dataset provides a U.S. national 60-meter, 19-class mapping of anthropogenic land uses for five time periods: 1974, 1982, 1992, 2002, and 2012. The 2012 dataset is based on a slightly modified version of the National Land Cover Database 2011 (NLCD 2011) that was recoded to a schema of land uses, and mapped back in time to develop datasets for the four earlier eras. The time periods coincide with U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Census of Agriculture data collection years. Changes are derived from (a) known changes in water bodies from reservoir construction or removal; (b) housing unit density changes; (c) regional mining/extraction trends; (d) for 1999–2012, timber and forestry activity based on U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Landscape Fire and Resource Management Planning Tools (Landfire) data; (e) county-level USDA Census of Agriculture change in cultivated land; and (f) establishment dates of major conservation areas. The data are compared to several other published studies and datasets as validation. Caveats are provided about limitations of the data for some classes. The work was completed as part of the USGS National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program and termed the NAWQA Wall-to-Wall Anthropogenic Land Use Trends (NWALT) dataset. The associated datasets include five 60-meter geospatial rasters showing anthropogenic land use for the years 1974, 1982, 1992, 2002, and 2012, and 14 rasters showing the annual extent of timber clearcutting and harvest from 1999 to 2012.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds948","usgsCitation":"Falcone, J.A., 2015, U.S. conterminous wall-to-wall anthropogenic land use trends (NWALT), 1974–2012: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 948, 33 p. plus appendixes 3–6 as separate files, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds948.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 33 p.; Appendixes 3-6; Spatial Data","numberOfPages":"45","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-066108","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308093,"rank":7,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/ds948_NWALT.xml","text":"DS 948 NWALT","description":"DS 948"},{"id":308002,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0948/ds948.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.29 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 948"},{"id":308001,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0948/cover.jpg"},{"id":308003,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0948/appendix/ds948_appendix3.pdf","text":"DS 948 - Appendix 3","size":"106 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 948"},{"id":308004,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0948/appendix/ds948_appendix4.pdf","text":"DS 948 - Appendix 4","size":"161 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 948"},{"id":308005,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0948/appendix/ds948_appendix5.pdf","text":"DS 948 - Appendix 5","size":"8.44 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 948"},{"id":308006,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0948/appendix/ds948_appendix6.xlsx","text":"DS 948 - Appendix 6","size":"97.6 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"DS 948"}],"country":"United States","contact":"Chief, Office of Water Quality
U.S. Geological Survey
412 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
http://water.usgs.gov/owq/