(1) Our objective was to determine the effect of exposure to an organophosphate pesticide (OP), dicrotophos (3-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyl-cis-scrotonamide dimethyl phosphate), on care of nestlings by wild female starlings (Sturnus vulgaris).
(2) We selected twelve pairs of active nests based on synchrony in the reproductive cycle. When nestlings were 10 days old (day 10), adult males were captured and killed and brood size was adjusted to four. The frequency and temporal distribution of sorties made by each pair of females to feed their young were recorded for 2 h at 18.00 hours on day 11 and 06.00 hours on day 12. One female from each pair was given a single oral dose of dicrotophos (2.5 mg/kg of body weight) dissolved in corn oil; the second female received an equivalent exposure of pure corn oil. Birds were released and their nestlings weighed. Parental care was again monitored between 18.00 and 20.00 hours on day 12 and 06.00 and 08.00 hours on day 13. Females were then captured and they with their young were weighed and killed. Changes in parental care in OP-dosed and control females were compared using paired t-tests.
(3) The OP-dosed females made significantly (P < 0.5) fewer sorties to feed their young and remained away from their boxes for longer periods of time than controls. Nestlings of OP-treated females lost significantly more weight (X̄ = 9.3%) than nestlings of controls (X̄ = 3.2%). Brain ChE activity in OP-treated females was inhibited an average of 50.7% compared with controls. Weight changes in OP-dosed (X̄ = -8.9%) and control females (X̄ = -8.3%) were similar.
(4) Results indicate that parental care may be significantly reduced in songbirds receiving severe but sublethal exposure to organophosphate pesticides. The potential for a reduction or modification in parental care to alter reproductive success in passerines is discussed.
(5) Techniques utilized, or modifications thereof, may be useful in collecting the additional data needed to adequately assess the impact of OPs on songbird reproduction.
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.2307/2403470","usgsCitation":"Grue, C., Powell, G., and McChesney, M., 1982, Care of nestlings by wild female starlings exposed to an organophosphate pesticide: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 19, no. 2, p. 327-335, https://doi.org/10.2307/2403470.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"327","endPage":"335","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193594,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5effa3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grue, C.E.","contributorId":86446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grue","given":"C.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, G.V.N.","contributorId":23894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"G.V.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McChesney, M.J.","contributorId":31484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McChesney","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5223246,"text":"5223246 - 1982 - Longevity records of North American birds: Gaviidae through Alcidae","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:35","indexId":"5223246","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:37","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Longevity records of North American birds: Gaviidae through Alcidae","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Clapp, R.B., Klimkiewicz, M.K., and Kennard, J., 1982, Longevity records of North American birds: Gaviidae through Alcidae: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 53, no. 2, p. 81-124.","productDescription":"81-124","startPage":"81","endPage":"124","numberOfPages":"44","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17020,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/JFO/v053n02/p0081-p0124.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"53","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63f46d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clapp, R. B.","contributorId":9371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clapp","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klimkiewicz, M. K.","contributorId":53490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klimkiewicz","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennard, J.H.","contributorId":22471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennard","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221743,"text":"5221743 - 1982 - Influence of dietary protein and excess methionine on choline needs for young bobwhite quail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-27T09:54:26","indexId":"5221743","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3105,"text":"Poultry Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of dietary protein and excess methionine on choline needs for young bobwhite quail","docAbstract":"Experiments were conducted with young Bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) to investigate the effect of differing dietary protein levels and nondetrimental amounts of excess methionine on choline needs. Growth and feed consumption of quail fed an adequate (27.3%) protein purified diet supplemented with 2000 mg/kg of choline were unaffected by increasing the level of excess methionine to 1.75%; however, greater amounts (2.0%, 2.25%) of excess methionine depressed growth (P less than .01), reduced feed consumption (P less than .01), and decreased feed utilization (P less than .05). Quail fed a purified diet containing 13.85% protein and 515 mg/kg of choline grew poorly. Growth was unaffected by additional choline in this diet. Growth was suboptimal among quail fed purified diets containing adequate or high (41.55%) levels of protein in which choline was limiting; however, a high level of protein did not in itself affect performance. Growth was improved by supplemental choline in these diets. Growth of quail fed purified diets with up to 1.35% excess methionine which were limiting (531 mg/kg) in choline was less than that of groups fed 2000 mg/kg of added dietary choline (P less than .01); however, excess methionine did not significantly influence growth of quail fed choline-deficient diets. These experiments indicate that neither high dietary protein nor excess methionine, fed at non-growth-depressing levels, increases dietary choline needs for young Bobwhite quail.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Poultry Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Poultry Science Association","doi":"10.3382/ps.0610902","usgsCitation":"Serafin, J.A., 1982, Influence of dietary protein and excess methionine on choline needs for young bobwhite quail: Poultry Science, v. 61, no. 5, p. 902-908, https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0610902.","startPage":"902","endPage":"908","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480245,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0610902","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":268433,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.0610902"},{"id":193431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6967c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Serafin, John A.","contributorId":11292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serafin","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221742,"text":"5221742 - 1982 - Influence of protein level and supplemental methionine in practical rations for young endangered masked bobwhite quail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-27T09:53:27","indexId":"5221742","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3105,"text":"Poultry Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of protein level and supplemental methionine in practical rations for young endangered masked bobwhite quail","docAbstract":"A study was conducted to examine the protein requirement of young endangered masked Bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus ridgwayi). Five practical starting rations containing 24 to 32% protein were fed alone and supplemented with methionine for 5 weeks. Supplemental methionine significantly improved growth of quail fed diets containing 24 and 26% protein. Increasing the protein level improved growth of quail fed unsupplemented diets but did not do so when diets contained supplemental methionine. A methionine-supplemented ration containing 24% protein appeared adequate for supporting rapid growth of masked Bobwhite quail.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Poultry Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Poultry Science Association","doi":"10.3382/ps.0610988","usgsCitation":"Serafin, J.A., 1982, Influence of protein level and supplemental methionine in practical rations for young endangered masked bobwhite quail: Poultry Science, v. 61, no. 5, p. 988-990, https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0610988.","startPage":"988","endPage":"990","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480244,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0610988","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":268432,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.0610988"},{"id":193409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f1e4b07f02db5ee695","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Serafin, John A.","contributorId":11292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serafin","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221749,"text":"5221749 - 1982 - Hormonal responses and tolerance to cold of female quail following parathion ingestion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-20T20:08:11","indexId":"5221749","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3036,"text":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hormonal responses and tolerance to cold of female quail following parathion ingestion","docAbstract":"Thirty-week-old female bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus), maintained at 26 + 1?C, were provided diets containing 0,25, or 100 ppm parathion ad libitum. After 10 days, birds were exposed to mild cold (6 + 1?C) for 4,8, 12, 24, or 48 hr. Brain acetylcholinesterase activity was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in birds receiving 25 and 100 ppm parathion. Body weight, egg production, and plasma luteinizing hormone and progesterone concentrations were reduced in birds receiving 100 ppm parathion compared with other groups. Cold exposure did not alter plasma corticosterone levels in the 0- and 25-ppm parathion groups, but a two- to five fold elevation of plasma corticosterone was observed in birds fed 100 ppm parathion. These findings indicate that (i) short-term ingestion of parathion can impair reproduction possibly by altering gonadotropin or steroid secretion, and (ii) tolerance to cold may be reduced following ingestion of this organophosphate.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0048-3575(82)90096-7","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., Sileo, L., and Scanes, C., 1982, Hormonal responses and tolerance to cold of female quail following parathion ingestion: Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, v. 18, no. 1, p. 132-138, https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-3575(82)90096-7.","productDescription":"132-138","startPage":"132","endPage":"138","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269826,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-3575(82)90096-7"},{"id":193514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688126","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":334589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sileo, L.","contributorId":46895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sileo","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scanes, C.G.","contributorId":7376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scanes","given":"C.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221766,"text":"5221766 - 1982 - Black ducks and DDE: Review and status","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-10T17:48:34.899827","indexId":"5221766","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Black ducks and DDE: Review and status","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the Northeast Section of the Wildlife Society, 39th Annual Fish and Wildlife Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"39th Annual Fish and Wildlife Conference","conferenceDate":"1982","language":"English","publisher":"Northeast Section of the Wildlife Society","usgsCitation":"Longcore, J.R., and Stendell, R., 1982, Black ducks and DDE: Review and status, in Transactions of the Northeast Section of the Wildlife Society, 39th Annual Fish and Wildlife Conference, v. 39, 1982, p. 68-75.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"75","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193461,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":412967,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digital.libraries.psu.edu/digital/collection/newildlife/id/7134/rec/36"}],"volume":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ce4b07f02db607ba4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longcore, J. R. 0000-0003-4898-5438","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-5438","contributorId":43835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stendell, Rey C.","contributorId":82263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stendell","given":"Rey C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221752,"text":"5221752 - 1982 - Distribution and food habits of canvasbacks in the Northeast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-17T15:51:43","indexId":"5221752","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3640,"text":"Transactions of the Northeast Section of the Wildlife Society, Annual Fish and Wildlife Conference","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and food habits of canvasbacks in the Northeast","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the Northeast Section of the Wildlife Society, Annual Fish and Wildlife Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Perry, M., 1982, Distribution and food habits of canvasbacks in the Northeast: Transactions of the Northeast Section of the Wildlife Society, Annual Fish and Wildlife Conference, v. 39, p. 56-67.","productDescription":"56-67","startPage":"56","endPage":"67","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196928,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649f2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Matthew C. 0000-0001-6452-9534","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6452-9534","contributorId":16372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Matthew C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":98348,"text":"wri82350 - 1982 - Physical, Hydrological, and Biological Characteristics of the Loxahatchee River Estuary, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-15T13:00:55","indexId":"wri82350","displayToPublicDate":"2010-04-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-350","title":"Physical, Hydrological, and Biological Characteristics of the Loxahatchee River Estuary, Florida","docAbstract":"The Loxahatchee River estuary empties into the Atlantic Ocean at Jupiter Inlet in southeastern Florida. Although relatively small, the estuary is important for its esthetic value and for its sport fishing, boating, recreation, tourism, and prime residential development. In recent years, the condition of the estuary has become of concern to many citizens and agencies of the State. In response to this concern, the U.S. Geological Survey planned and carried out an in-depth environmental investigation. The events that led to the investigation and the objectives of the investigation are outlined in a recent U.S. Geological Survey report by McPherson and Sabanskas (WRI 80-1109).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri82350","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, South Florida Water Management District, Palm Beach County, Martin County, Jupiter Inlet District, Loxahatchee River Environmental Control District, Town of Jupiter, Village of Tequesta, Jupiter Inlet Colony, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"McPherson, B.F., Sabanskas, M., and Long, W.A., 1982, Physical, Hydrological, and Biological Characteristics of the Loxahatchee River Estuary, Florida (WRI/OFR): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-350, 1 map, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri82350.","productDescription":"1 map","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125898,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_82_350.jpg"},{"id":13597,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri82-350/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.11777777777777,26.933888888888887 ], [ -80.11777777777777,26.966944444444444 ], [ -80.1,26.966944444444444 ], [ -80.1,26.933888888888887 ], [ -80.11777777777777,26.933888888888887 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"WRI/OFR","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685ab5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McPherson, Benjamin F.","contributorId":17965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McPherson","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sabanskas, Maryann","contributorId":31455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sabanskas","given":"Maryann","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Long, William A.","contributorId":10120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":305052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5230182,"text":"5230182 - 1982 - Wolf depredation on livestock in Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-16T13:20:25","indexId":"5230182","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T11:33:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"145","title":"Wolf depredation on livestock in Minnesota","docAbstract":"Depredation by wolves (Canis lupus) on cattle, sheep, and other livestock in Minnesota currently is a minor problem except to a few individual farmers. Indices to the seriousness of the problem are available only from recent years, so historical trends cannot be detected. From 1976 through 1980 the number of farms in the wolf range suffering verified losses to wolves ranged from 9 to 19 (mean of x = 13) per year out of about 12,230. From 1977 through 1980, the highest cattle losses claimed by farmers were 0.45 per 1,000 cattle available in 1979; the highest sheep losses claimed were 1.18 per 1,000 available in 1980. Many claims of losses (especially of calves) are based on missing animals, and few wolves are involved in the verified losses. Most losses occur in summer when livestock are released to graze in open and wooded pasture. Herd management practices, such as calving in forested or brushy pastures and disposal of carcasses in or near pastures, are responsible for many instances of wolf depredation. Failure to distinguish wolves from coyotes (Canis latrans) has contributed to an exaggerated view of the importance of wolves as livestock predators. Recently the number of wolves killed in depredation control has declined, whereas the number of livestock killed has remained fairly stable. Results of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's depredation- control program in 1979 and 1980 suggest that highly restricted trapping, coupled with other management methods, has potential for reducing both livestock losses and the number of wolves that need to be killed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Fritts, S.H., 1982, Wolf depredation on livestock in Minnesota: Resource Publication 145, 11 p.","productDescription":"11 p.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":204218,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49cae4b07f02db5d7f03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fritts, S. 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Part 1, Gaviiformes through Pelecaniformes","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Clapp, R.B., Banks, R., Morgan-Jacobs, D., and Hoffman, W., 1982, Marine birds of the southwestern United States and Gulf of Mexico. Part 1, Gaviiformes through Pelecaniformes: FWS/OBS 82/01, 637.","productDescription":"637","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db60647d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clapp, R. 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Part II, Anseriformes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:28","indexId":"5230244","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/20","title":"Marine birds of the southwestern United States and Gulf of Mexico. Part II, Anseriformes","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Clapp, R.B., Morgan-Jacobs, D., and Banks, R., 1982, Marine birds of the southwestern United States and Gulf of Mexico. Part II, Anseriformes: FWS/OBS 82/20, xiii, 491.","productDescription":"xiii, 491","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606484","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clapp, R. 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Distribution and derivation of the harvest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-16T13:25:23","indexId":"5230180","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"147","title":"Population ecology of the mallard: VII. Distribution and derivation of the harvest","docAbstract":"This is the seventh in a series of comprehensive reports on population ecology of the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) in North America. Banding records for 1961-1975 were used, together with information from previous reports in this series, to estimate annual and average preseason age and sex structure of the mallard population and patterns of harvest distribution and derivation. Age ratios in the pre-season population averaged 0.98 immatures per adult and ranged from 0.75 to 1.44. The adult male per female ration averaged 1.42. The young male per female ratio average 1.01. Geographic and annual differences in recovery distributions were associated with age, sex, and years after banding. Such variation might indicate that survival or band recovery rates, or both, change as a function of number of years after banding, and that estimates of these rates might thus be affected. Distribution of the mallard harvest from 16 major breeding ground reference areas to States, Provinces, and flyways is tabulated and illustrated. Seasonal (weekly) breeding ground derivation of the harvest within States and Provinces from the 16 reference areas also is tabulated. Harvest distributions, derivation, and similarity of derivation between harvest areas are summarily illustrated with maps. Derivation of harvest appears to be consistent throughout the hunting season in the middle and south central United States, encompassing States in both the Central and Mississippi flyways. However, weekly derivation patterns for most northern States suggest that early dates of hunting result in relatively greater harvest of locally derived mallard, in contrast to birds from more northern breeding areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Munro, R.E., and Kimball, C.F., 1982, Population ecology of the mallard: VII. Distribution and derivation of the harvest: Resource Publication 147, 127 p.","productDescription":"127 p.","numberOfPages":"133","temporalStart":"1961-01-01","temporalEnd":"1975-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":290102,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/5230180/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683eec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munro, Robert E.","contributorId":29316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munro","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimball, Charles F.","contributorId":23447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5230183,"text":"5230183 - 1982 - Potential Impacts of Winter Navigation on Migratory Birds of the Upper U.S. Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:27","indexId":"5230183","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/51","title":"Potential Impacts of Winter Navigation on Migratory Birds of the Upper U.S. Great Lakes","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"with U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Davis, T., and Erwin, R., 1982, Potential Impacts of Winter Navigation on Migratory Birds of the Upper U.S. Great Lakes: FWS/OBS 82/51, 372.","productDescription":"372","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683929","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, T.E.","contributorId":45040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5210291,"text":"5210291 - 1982 - A workshop on raptor management and biology in Alaska and western Canada - A summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T15:05:28","indexId":"5210291","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:23:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"seriesNumber":"FWS/AK/PROC-82","title":"A workshop on raptor management and biology in Alaska and western Canada - A summary","docAbstract":"A workshop on raptor management and biology in Alaska and western Canada was held on February 20, 1981, in Anchorage, Alaska. It was attended by about 50 biologists. The following twofold prime objective was established: (1) To prevent any raptor species from becoming extirpated in any significant part of its present range; and (2) to establish or maintain population levels consistent with the carrying capacity of available habitat. Collateral objectives, specific priorities, potential threats, and research and management needs were discussed, and the ideas that were expressed were listed. Although a draft raptor program was not developed during the workshop, the information and opinions presented by the participants will form a strong foundation and set a correct course for its subsequent formation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of a symposium and workshop: Raptor management and biology in Alaska and western Canada","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Raptor Management and Biology in Alaska and Western Canada","conferenceDate":"February 17-20, 1981","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","usgsCitation":"Schempf, P.F., and Fuller, M.R., 1982, A workshop on raptor management and biology in Alaska and western Canada - A summary, in Proceedings of a symposium and workshop: Raptor management and biology in Alaska and western Canada, Anchorage, AK, February 17-20, 1981, p. 305-314.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"305","endPage":"314","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4ce9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ladd, Wilbur N.","contributorId":112170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ladd","given":"Wilbur","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506239,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schempf, Philip F.","contributorId":36795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schempf","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506238,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Schempf, Philip F.","contributorId":36795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schempf","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Mark R. 0000-0001-7459-1729 mark_fuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1729","contributorId":2296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":328144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5210649,"text":"5210649 - 1982 - Methods to evaluate habitat use by raptors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210649","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:23:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"seriesNumber":"FWS/AK/PROC-82","title":"Methods to evaluate habitat use by raptors","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of a Symposium and Workshop: Raptor Management and Biology in Alaska and Western Canada","conferenceTitle":"Raptor Management and Biology in Alaska and Western Canada","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Fuller, M., Noon, B., and Mosher, J.A., 1982, Methods to evaluate habitat use by raptors, viii, 335.","productDescription":"viii, 335","startPage":"303","endPage":"304(abs)","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a55e4b07f02db62d118","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ladd, Wilbur N.","contributorId":112170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ladd","given":"Wilbur","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506855,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schempf, P.F.","contributorId":99261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schempf","given":"P.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506854,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, M.R.","contributorId":71278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noon, B.R.","contributorId":24311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noon","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mosher, J. 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Slevin's journey to the Galapagos, 1905-1906","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:22","indexId":"5200205","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":178,"text":"Herpetological Monograph","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"1.","title":"Race with extinction: herpetological notes of J.R. Slevin's journey to the Galapagos, 1905-1906","language":"English","publisher":"Herpetologists' League","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, Kansas","collaboration":"OCLC: 8627339. Joseph Richard Slevin,1881-1957","usgsCitation":"Herpetologists' League, 1982, Race with extinction: herpetological notes of J.R. 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Good documentation is available for specific breeding sites and an additional 20 general locations. This report, based on the published literature, an extensive personal contact survey, an aerial habitat inventory (over 124 hours air time), and ground visits to over 300 locations, provides information on habitat preferences and management practices which can contribute to the bird's survival. In seeking to identify the habitat preferences of the falcon, many site description factors were examined. Those traits which appeared common to most recent Arizona sites (and therefore most useful in evaluating habitat) were: elevation less than 9,000 feet, cliffs tall or very tall, cliffs extensive, topographic relief high, and surface water readily available. All recent sites are in extensive canyon systems or in extensive mountain ranges. Using a habitat evaluation key derived from the traits common to known breeding sites, all cliff regions in Arizona and the Navajo Indian Reservation were flown and evaluated for suitability. Nineteen falcon eyries located in subsequent ground visits were all in areas previously ranked acceptable or better. Many management alternatives are discussed: management of information on breeding sites, habitat preservation, controlling disruptive human activities, and enhancing productivity through the creation of suitable breeding ledges, providing pesticide free prey, or direct reintroductions. 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