{"pageNumber":"5280","pageRowStart":"131975","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184660,"records":[{"id":5210299,"text":"5210299 - 1982 - Patterns of homesite attendance in two Minnesota wolf packs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210299","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Patterns of homesite attendance in two Minnesota wolf packs","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wolves of the World: Perspectives of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Noyes Publications","publisherLocation":"Park Ridge, New Jersey","collaboration":"Most of the papers included were originally presented at the 1979 Portland International Wolf Symposium.  OCLC: 8219568","usgsCitation":"Harrington, F., and Mech, L., 1982, Patterns of homesite attendance in two Minnesota wolf packs, chap. <i>of</i> Wolves of the World: Perspectives of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation, p. 81-105.","productDescription":"xx, 474","startPage":"81","endPage":"105","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201167,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688aa7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Harrington, Fred H.","contributorId":114172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrington","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506250,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paquet, Paul C.","contributorId":113003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paquet","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506249,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Harrington, F.H.","contributorId":14524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrington","given":"F.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210298,"text":"5210298 - 1982 - White-faced ibis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210298","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"White-faced ibis","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"CRC Handbook of Census Methods for Terrestrial Vertebrates","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press, Inc.","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, Florida","usgsCitation":"King, K.A., 1982, White-faced ibis, chap. <i>of</i> CRC Handbook of Census Methods for Terrestrial Vertebrates, p. 27-28.","productDescription":"397","startPage":"27","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"397","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f040c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Davis, D.E.","contributorId":51310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506248,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"King, Kirk A.","contributorId":9203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210296,"text":"5210296 - 1982 - The IUCN-SSC Wolf Specialist Group","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210296","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The IUCN-SSC Wolf Specialist Group","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wolves of the World: Perspectives of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Noyes Publications","publisherLocation":"Park Ridge, New Jersey","usgsCitation":"Mech, L., 1982, The IUCN-SSC Wolf Specialist Group, chap. <i>of</i> Wolves of the World: Perspectives of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation, p. 327-333.","productDescription":"xx, 474","startPage":"327","endPage":"333","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c332","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Harrington, Fred H.","contributorId":114172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrington","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506245,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paquet, Paul C.","contributorId":113003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paquet","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506244,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210295,"text":"5210295 - 1982 - Wolves (radio-tracking)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210295","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Wolves (radio-tracking)","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"CRC Handbook of Census Methods for Terrestrial Vertebrates","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press, Inc.","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, Florida","usgsCitation":"Mech, L., 1982, Wolves (radio-tracking), chap. <i>of</i> CRC Handbook of Census Methods for Terrestrial Vertebrates, p. 227-228.","productDescription":"397","startPage":"227","endPage":"228","numberOfPages":"397","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d8e4b07f02db5df881","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Davis, D.E.","contributorId":51310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506243,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210287,"text":"5210287 - 1982 - Gentle release of captive, parent-reared Mississippi sandhill cranes into the wild","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:14","indexId":"5210287","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Gentle release of captive, parent-reared Mississippi sandhill cranes into the wild","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 1981 Crane Workshop.","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Audubon Society","publisherLocation":"Tavernier, FL","usgsCitation":"Zwank, P., and Derrickson, S., 1982, Gentle release of captive, parent-reared Mississippi sandhill cranes into the wild, chap. <i>of</i> Proceedings of the 1981 Crane Workshop., p. 112-116.","productDescription":"viii, 296 ","startPage":"112","endPage":"116","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aea0f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lewis, J. C.","contributorId":10057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506233,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Zwank, P.J.","contributorId":8961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zwank","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Derrickson, S.R.","contributorId":28927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derrickson","given":"S.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210283,"text":"5210283 - 1982 - Whooping crane mortality at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 1966-1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:13","indexId":"5210283","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Whooping crane mortality at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 1966-1981","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 1981 Crane Workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Audubon Society","publisherLocation":"Tavernier, FL","usgsCitation":"Carpenter, J.W., and Derrickson, S., 1982, Whooping crane mortality at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 1966-1981, chap. <i>of</i> Proceedings of the 1981 Crane Workshop, p. 175-179.","productDescription":"viii, 296","startPage":"175","endPage":"179","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196401,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4879","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lewis, J. C.","contributorId":10057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506228,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Derrickson, S.R.","contributorId":28927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derrickson","given":"S.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210460,"text":"5210460 - 1982 - Field feeding by Cygnus columbianus columbianus in Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:18","indexId":"5210460","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Field feeding by Cygnus columbianus columbianus in Maryland","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Second International Swan Symposium Proceedings, Sapporo, Japan, 1980","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Waterfowl Research Bureau","publisherLocation":"Slimbridge, England","usgsCitation":"Munro, R.E., 1982, Field feeding by Cygnus columbianus columbianus in Maryland, chap. <i>of</i> Second International Swan Symposium Proceedings, Sapporo, Japan, 1980, p. 261-272.","productDescription":"396","startPage":"261","endPage":"272","numberOfPages":"396","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200443,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f59af","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Matthews, G.V.T.","contributorId":112333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthews","given":"G.V.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506493,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smart, M.","contributorId":112556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smart","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506494,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Munro, R. E.","contributorId":75656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munro","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210305,"text":"5210305 - 1982 - Royal and sandwich terns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:21","indexId":"5210305","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Royal and sandwich terns","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"CRC Handbook of Census Methods for Terrestrial Vertebrates","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press, Inc.","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, Florida","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., 1982, Royal and sandwich terns, chap. <i>of</i> CRC Handbook of Census Methods for Terrestrial Vertebrates, p. 83-85.","productDescription":"397","startPage":"83","endPage":"85","numberOfPages":"397","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200916,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cb28","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Davis, D.E.","contributorId":51310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506257,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210303,"text":"5210303 - 1982 - Examination of woodcock nest sites in central Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:13","indexId":"5210303","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":99,"text":"Wildlife Research Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"14","title":"Examination of woodcock nest sites in central Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Evidence is given to support Iow selectivity in choice of nest sites by woodcock (Philohela minor). Habitat characteristics measured at 30 woodcock nest sites were compared with non-nest control sites in Huntingdon County, central Pennsylvania. Mean nest density per year was 1/4.8 ha within the 54-ha study area. Of 14 characteristics measured, higher shrub-stem density at nests was the only variable significantly different (P < 0.05) from controls by univariate t-test. A multivariate t-test showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) between habitat characteristics at nests and controls. A computed discriminant function also indicated little distinction between nests and controls. Spatial distribution of nests for each of the three years did not depart significantly (P :> 0.05) from a random distribution. Although evidence is given for little overall selectivity, greater shrub-stem density at nests and associations related in part to 'edge' habitat may be important in the location of substantial numbers of woodcock nests. The mean distance from nest site to nearest tree (1.0 ? 1.1 m) and to nearest shrub (22.8 ? 17.8 cm) was significantly less (P < 0.01) than for control areas. Additional research on woodcock nest-site selection may lead to enhanced woodcock production in a variety of habitats.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Woodcock Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Coon, R., Williams, B.K., Lindzey, J., and George, J., 1982, Examination of woodcock nest sites in central Pennsylvania: Wildlife Research Report 14, v, 191.","productDescription":"v, 191","startPage":"55","endPage":"62","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5dfe16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coon, R.A.","contributorId":43060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coon","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, B. Kenneth","contributorId":107798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindzey, J.S.","contributorId":31074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindzey","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"George, J.L.","contributorId":64749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5210306,"text":"5210306 - 1982 - Red-winged blackbird","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:13","indexId":"5210306","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Red-winged blackbird","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"CRC Handbook of Census Methods for Terrestrial Vertebrates","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press, Inc.","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, Florida","collaboration":"OCLC:  7978126","usgsCitation":"Albers, P., 1982, Red-winged blackbird, chap. <i>of</i> CRC Handbook of Census Methods for Terrestrial Vertebrates, p. 108-109.","productDescription":"397","startPage":"108","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"397","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196396,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db6353b9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Davis, David E.","contributorId":113859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506258,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Albers, P.H.","contributorId":26646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210221,"text":"5210221 - 1982 - Everglade kite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:16","indexId":"5210221","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Everglade kite","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"CRC Handbook of Census Methods for Terrestrial Vertebrates","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press, Inc.","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, FL.","collaboration":"OCLC: 7978126","usgsCitation":"Sykes, P., 1982, Everglade kite, chap. <i>of</i> CRC Handbook of Census Methods for Terrestrial Vertebrates, p. 43-44.","productDescription":"397","startPage":"43","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"397","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201436,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9a8c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Davis, David E.","contributorId":113859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506130,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Sykes, P.W. Jr.","contributorId":107385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sykes","given":"P.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210267,"text":"5210267 - 1982 - Subacute toxicity testing with young birds: Response in relation to age and intertest variability of LC50 estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T20:26:23","indexId":"5210267","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"757","title":"Subacute toxicity testing with young birds: Response in relation to age and intertest variability of LC50 estimates","docAbstract":"The variability in toxic response of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) to a standardized 5-day subacute feeding trial was studied while age was increased at weekly intervals from 1 to 21 days and at different times with 14-day-old birds. The objectives were to identify the strengths and limitations of this subacute toxicity protocol and to provide possible explanations for differences in response among the various classes of pesticides. The variables included the median lethal concentration (LC50), the dose-response slope, food consumption, mortality patterns, and procedures of preparing toxic diets. Carbamate, organophosphate, chlorinated hydrocarbon, and organic mercury compounds were represented. A total of 60 subacute tests were involved in this evaluation. The general conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) The basic protocol yields good within-laboratory reproducibility of results. (2) The LC50s increase as birds grow older, and the change was reasonably predictable between 7 and 21 days of age. (3) Monitoring of time-related response patterns, such as food consumption, onset and remission of overt toxicity, and mortality, is critical to the evaluation of potential hazard. (4) Different orders of toxicity may occur at different ages for an array of compounds, but differences do not appear to be large enough to seriously alter the interpretation. (5) For optimal comparisons, all testing should be conducted on birds of a single age.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Avian and  Mammalian Wildlife Toxicology: Second Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Testing and Materials","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","doi":"10.1520/STP28371S","usgsCitation":"Hill, E.F., and Camardese, M., 1982, Subacute toxicity testing with young birds: Response in relation to age and intertest variability of LC50 estimates, chap. <i>of</i> Avian and  Mammalian Wildlife Toxicology: Second Conference, p. 41-65, https://doi.org/10.1520/STP28371S.","productDescription":"164","startPage":"41","endPage":"65","numberOfPages":"164","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267814,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1520/STP28371S"},{"id":201102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c4a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lamb, D.W.","contributorId":112127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506204,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kenaga, E.E.","contributorId":113958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenaga","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506205,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Hill, E. F.","contributorId":14362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Camardese, M.B.","contributorId":106591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camardese","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210268,"text":"5210268 - 1982 - Subacute dietary toxicities of dicrotophos and dieldrin in time-replicated trials with young ring-necked pheasants and mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T20:25:13","indexId":"5210268","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"757","title":"Subacute dietary toxicities of dicrotophos and dieldrin in time-replicated trials with young ring-necked pheasants and mallards","docAbstract":"The dietary toxicities of (E)-phosphoric acid 3-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-3-oxo-1-propenyl dimethyl ester (dicrotophos) and 3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,7,7a-octahydro-2,7:3,6-dimethanonaphth[2,3-b]oxirene (dieldrin) to 10-day-old ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) and 5-day-old mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were compared in five time-replicated trials. Toxicities were calculated as median lethal concentrations (LC50s) based on 5 days of ad libitum feeding on geometrically spaced concentrations of toxicant. The LC50s were more uniform for dieldrin than for dicrotophos with both species and more uniform for pheasants than for mallards with both compounds. The LC50s of dieldrin and dicrotophos averaged 59 [standard deviation (SD) = 4.4] and 45 ppm (SD = 5.0) for pheasants, and 156 (SD = 24.9) and 102 ppm (SD = 24.9) for mallards. Changes in LC50s between successive trials, although possibly haphazard, were nearly always in the same direction for both compounds with both species. Feeding rates at various concentrations of equivalent potency gave meaningful insight into the sensitivity and vulnerability of both species to these insecticides. Comparisons of 5 and 10-day-old mallards demonstrated the importance of age differences to interpretation of short-term subacute toxicity data. For example, at 5 days dicrotophos was 1.5 times more toxic than dieldrin, but at 10 days dieldrin was 2.6 times more toxic. These differences are explained.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Avian and Mammalian Wildlife Toxicology: Second Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Testing and Materials","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","doi":"10.1520/STP28376S","usgsCitation":"Hill, E.F., 1982, Subacute dietary toxicities of dicrotophos and dieldrin in time-replicated trials with young ring-necked pheasants and mallards, chap. <i>of</i> Avian and Mammalian Wildlife Toxicology: Second Conference, p. 105-120, https://doi.org/10.1520/STP28376S.","productDescription":"164","startPage":"105","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"164","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267815,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1520/STP28376S"},{"id":201027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c45","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lamb, D.W.","contributorId":112127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506206,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kenaga, E.E.","contributorId":113958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenaga","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506207,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Hill, E. F.","contributorId":14362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5200208,"text":"5200208 - 1982 - Wildlife and wildlife habitat of American Samoa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:14","indexId":"5200208","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Wildlife and wildlife habitat of American Samoa","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","collaboration":"OCLC 9650525;  2 vols:  v. 1. Environment and ecology--v. 2. Accounts of flora and fauna ","usgsCitation":"1982, Wildlife and wildlife habitat of American Samoa, 2 v.","productDescription":"2 v.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d9e4b07f02db5dfabc","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Amerson, A.B. Jr.","contributorId":17348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amerson","given":"A.B.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505841,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whistler, W.A.","contributorId":113144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whistler","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505843,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwaner, T.D.","contributorId":113908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwaner","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505844,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Banks, R.C. (compiler)","contributorId":18088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"R.C.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505842,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5200204,"text":"5200204 - 1982 - Computer applications to collection management in herpetology and ichthyology:  a survey and report submitted to the National Science Foundation (NSF) and supported by the Biological Research Resources Program of NSF","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:14","indexId":"5200204","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Computer applications to collection management in herpetology and ichthyology:  a survey and report submitted to the National Science Foundation (NSF) and supported by the Biological Research Resources Program of NSF","language":"English","publisher":"National Science Foundation","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","usgsCitation":"Leviton, A., Gibbs, R., Johnson, R., and McDiarmid, R., 1982, Computer applications to collection management in herpetology and ichthyology:  a survey and report submitted to the National Science Foundation (NSF) and supported by the Biological Research Resources Program of NSF, 109.","productDescription":"109","numberOfPages":"109","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7a0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leviton, A.E.","contributorId":18870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leviton","given":"A.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibbs, R.H. Jr.","contributorId":85684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbs","given":"R.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, R.K.","contributorId":37441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McDiarmid, R.W.","contributorId":15130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDiarmid","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5200056,"text":"5200056 - 1982 - An atlas and census of Texas waterbird colonies, 1973-1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:21","indexId":"5200056","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"An atlas and census of Texas waterbird colonies, 1973-1980","language":"English","publisher":"Texas Colonial Waterbird Society.  Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, Texas A&I University","publisherLocation":"Kingsville, Texas","usgsCitation":"Mullins, L., Slack, R., Chaney, A., Telfair, R., Paul, R., Blankinship, D., Blacklock, G.W., King, K.A., Kennedy, S., and Smith, J., 1982, An atlas and census of Texas waterbird colonies, 1973-1980, x, 358.","productDescription":"x, 358","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200986,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684c96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mullins, L.M.","contributorId":24469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slack, R.D.","contributorId":101769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chaney, A.H.","contributorId":34233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaney","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Telfair, R.C.","contributorId":85299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Telfair","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paul, R.T.","contributorId":50250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul","given":"R.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blankinship, D.R.","contributorId":82010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blankinship","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Blacklock, Gene W.","contributorId":98849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blacklock","given":"Gene","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"King, Kirk A.","contributorId":9203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Kirk","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kennedy, S.","contributorId":39908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Smith, J.C.","contributorId":53498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":5200024,"text":"5200024 - 1982 - A.B.A. Checklist: Birds of Continental United States and Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:18","indexId":"5200024","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"A.B.A. Checklist: Birds of Continental United States and Canada","docAbstract":"The 'Summary' in this edition of the A BA Checklist has been greatly expanded to include all properly documented records for each accidental species.  These records are published, except for a very few recent ones which are in press or in preparation.  Emphasis is on records supported by specimens or photographs, but sight records are also included. To make these accounts more useful to researchers, a reference has been given for each record.  All records, except those identified as '(photo)' or '(specimen)', or by some other type of objective evidence, are sight records.  Because of the interest shown in this section of the Checklist, coverage has not been confined to accidental species (defined as those which have occurred fewer than ten times in the ABA Checklist area during the twentieth century).  Accounts are also given for selected rare visitors and native species.  Two of the primary references are abbreviated in the accounts: Audubon Field Notes-AFN, and American Birds-AB.","language":"English","publisher":"American Birding Association","publisherLocation":"Austin Texas","usgsCitation":"Keith, G., Balch, L., Gibson, D., McCaskie, R., Robbins, C., Small, A., Sykes, P., and Tucker, J., 1982, A.B.A. Checklist: Birds of Continental United States and Canada, 90.","productDescription":"90","numberOfPages":"90","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4a20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keith, G.S.","contributorId":40319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keith","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balch, L.G.","contributorId":31502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balch","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gibson, D.D.","contributorId":104441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibson","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCaskie, R.G.","contributorId":103386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCaskie","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Small, A.","contributorId":84876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Small","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sykes, P.W. Jr.","contributorId":107385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sykes","given":"P.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tucker, J.A.","contributorId":57992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":5200029,"text":"5200029 - 1982 - Ecology of avian brood parasitism at an early interfacing of host and parasite populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:18","indexId":"5200029","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Ecology of avian brood parasitism at an early interfacing of host and parasite populations","docAbstract":"The shiny cowbird (Molothrus bonariensis), a brood parasite, has recently spread into the Greater Antilles from South America via the Lesser Antilles. This species is a host generalist and upon reaching Puerto Rico exploited avian communities with no history of social parasitism. Forty-two percent of the resident non-raptorial land bird species were parasitized in mangrove habitat study areas. Cowbird parasitism affected hosts by (1) depressing nest success an average of 41 percent below non-parasitized nests, and (2) reducing host productivity. Parasitized hosts produced 12 percent fewer eggs and fledged 67 percent fewer of their own chicks than non-parasitized pairs. Growth rates of chicks of some host species were lower in parasitized nests compared with non-parasitized nests while growth of others was not affected by brood parasitism. Cowbird chick growth varied directly with host size; i.e., cowbird chicks grew faster and attained greater fledging weight and body size in nests of larger hosts.     Factors important in shiny cowbird host selection were examined within the mangrove study community. Cowbirds did not parasitize avian species in proportion to their abundance. The cowbird breeding season coincided with that of its major hosts, which were high quality foster species, and did not extend into other periods even though nests of poor quality species were available. Food habits and egg size of cowbirds were similar to those of their hosts, suggesting that cowbirds choose hosts partly on the basis of this alignment. Cowbirds locate nests by cryptically watching activities of birds in likely habitat.     Despite the recency of the cowbird's arrival in Puerto Rico, some nesting species have effective anti-parasite strategies, including alien egg rejection and nest guarding. Behavior effective in avoiding parasitism is similar to that used by certain birds in evading nest predators. It is suggested that anti-predator behavior is preadaptive to countering cowbird parasitism.","language":"English","publisher":"Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Miami","publisherLocation":"Coral Gables, FL","usgsCitation":"Wiley, J.W., 1982, Ecology of avian brood parasitism at an early interfacing of host and parasite populations, xvii, 257.","productDescription":"xvii, 257","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200967,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627ade","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiley, J. W.","contributorId":51399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5200093,"text":"5200093 - 1982 - Mourning Dove Nesting:  Seasonal Patterns and Effects of September Hunting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:16","indexId":"5200093","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Mourning Dove Nesting:  Seasonal Patterns and Effects of September Hunting","docAbstract":"A nationwide State/Federal cooperative study was initiated in 1978 to examine effects of September hunting on mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) nesting. This study was designed to (1) determine the proportion of the annual total of dove nesting activity and production that occurs in September and October, and (2) determine if survival rates of mourning dove eggs and nestlings are lower in areas where early September dove hunting is permitted compared to areas where it is prohibited.      During 1979 and 1980, 6,950 active nests were followed to obtain data on nesting patterns. Nest initiation was estimated both by backdating from hatch dates and by the numbers of nests found for the first time. The nationwide percent of the annual total of nests that were initiated in September and October was 1.0% based on backdating hatch dates and 2.7% based on nests found for the first time. Nesting activity was measured by numbers of eggs and nestlings present in weekly counts. Nationally, 4.5% of the annual total of nesting activity occurred in September and October. The observed period when 80% of the nests were active, based on hatch dates, lasted from April 22 to September 4. The measure of production used in this study was numbers of young fledged. Nationally, 10.3% of all observed fledging occurred in September and October. A decline in nests found in the latter half of the nesting season preceded the September 1 start of hunting. From this we concluded that the reduction in nesting activity at the end of the season is a natural phenomenon and not caused by hunting disturbance.      In a separate part of this study, we estimated survival rates in hunted and nonhunted sections from data on 668 nests. The estimated daily survival rates for individual eggs and nestlings were 95.8% in the nonhunted and 95.0% in the hunted sections; the corresponding fledging rates were 33% and 26%, respectively.  The fledging rates are lower because they are the daily survival rates operating over a 26-day nesting period.  Neither differences in survival nor fledging rates between nonhunted and hunted sections were found to be statistically significant (p> 0.05).  We determined that the statistical test was powerful enough to detect a reduction due to hunting from a hypothetical 96.0% to 94.2% in daily nestling survival rates (from 35% to 21% fledging rates) with 80% probability.  An undetected reduction in fledging rate of that magnitude would probably reduce the overall fledging rate by less than 1 percentage point, because only a small proportion of the nesting doves is exposed to hunting for the full 26 day nesting cycle.       In conclusion, we found that only a small proportion of total annual nesting attempts was exposed to hunting.  There was no statistically significant difference in survival rates in sections where hunting was permitted compared to sections where it was prohibited. 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