Disease may be both a cause and consequence of stress, and physiological responses to infectious disease may involve stress coping mechanisms that have important fitness consequences. For example, glucocorticoid and glycemic responses may affect host fitness by altering resource allocation and use in hosts, and these responses may be affected by competing stressors. To better understand the factors that affect host responses to infection, we challenged the immune system of field acclimatized pygmy rattlesnakes, Sistrurus miliarius, with a sterile antigen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and measured the glucocorticoid and glycemic response in healthy non-reproductive snakes, snakes afflicted with an emerging mycosis (ophidiomycosis), and pregnant snakes. We hypothesized that LPS challenge would result in a glucocorticoid and glycemic response typical of the vertebrate acute phase response (APR), and therefore predicted that LPS challenge would result in an acute increase in plasma corticosterone (CORT) and a decline in plasma glucose in all individuals. Additionally, we hypothesized that the APR would be attenuated in individuals simultaneously coping with additional challenges to homeostasis (i.e., disease or reproduction). As predicted, immune challenge elicited an acute increase in plasma CORT and a decrease in plasma glucose. Snakes coping with ophidiomycosis and pregnant snakes were able to mount a robust glucocorticoid and hypoglycemic response to LPS challenge, which was contrary to our hypothesis. Our findings clarify directions of causality linking infection, glucocorticoids, and glucose, and emphasize the importance of future research examining the fitness consequences of interactions between stress and disease in wildlife threatened by emerging pathogens.
The Mineral Mountains in southwestern Utah are a structurally controlled core complex at the confluence of the Colorado Plateau and the Basin and Range physiographic provinces. Aside from hosting Utah’s largest batholith, the Mineral Mountains host some of the State’s youngest high-silica rhyolites, which have been linked to a magma source that is presently being utilized as an enhanced geothermal system. The high-silica rhyolites take the form of effusive lavas and domes, and explosive products are rare. Previous K-Ar dating of these Pleistocene rhyolites placed eruptions between about 790 and 500 kilo-annum (ka) with contemporaneous basalts erupting in the valley to the east of the Mineral Mountains. Large uncertainties on these ages obscured the tempo of eruptions and thus hindered attempts to constrain the timescales of the petrogenetic processes that produced the rhyolites. In this study, we build on previous studies conducted in the 1970s and 1980s by using new geochronologic and geochemical data to investigate the temporal and spatial evolution of the youngest phase of volcanism in the Mineral Mountains. We identify two major eruptive periods, from approximately 850 to 750 ka and from approximately 590 to 480 ka. The older phase is characterized by the eruption of several basaltic lavas, two obsidian flows, and a series of coalescing porphyritic rhyolite domes. The younger phase included the eruption of six evolved high-silica rhyolite domes and one pyroclastic deposit, followed by the eruption of trachyandesite in the adjacent valley to the east. Whole-rock geochemical data indicate that the rhyolites can be divided into three chemical groups, with more evolved compositions erupting through time. The youngest rhyolites along the range crest have the lowest total iron and TiO2 concentrations and the highest incompatible element concentrations, indicative of increasing differentiation with time and elevation. Improved precision on the eruption ages indicates a recurrence interval of approximately 20 thousand years. The eruptive flux for both periods of rhyolitic volcanism is about 0.01 cubic kilometers per thousand years, which is less than the magma resurgence flux rates for syn-caldera and post-caldera eruptions of the Valles Caldera and Yellowstone Caldera volcanic systems. Collectively, these geochemical, geochronological, and volumetric data may facilitate a better understanding of heat flux and the longevity of magmatic sources related to geothermal resources in similar small-volume, silicic systems.
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The animal gut microbiome can have a strong influence on the health, fitness, and behavior of its hosts. The composition of the gut microbial community can be influenced by factors such as diet, environment, and evolutionary history (phylosymbiosis). However, the relative influence of these factors is unknown in most bird species. Furthermore, phylosymbiosis studies have largely focused on clades that diverged tens of millions of years ago, and little is known about the degree of gut microbiome divergence in more recent species radiations. This study explores the drivers of microbiome variation across the unique and recent Hawaiian honeycreeper radiation (Fringillidae: Drepanidinae). Fecal samples were collected from 14 extant species spanning the main islands of the Hawaiian archipelago and were sequenced using three metabarcoding markers to characterize the gut microbiome, invertebrate diet, and plant diet of Hawaiian honeycreepers. We then used these metabarcoding data and the honeycreeper host phylogeny to evaluate their relative roles in shaping the gut microbiome. Microbiome variation across birds was highly individualized; however, source island had a small but significant effect on microbiome structure. The microbiomes did not recapitulate the host phylogenetic tree, indicating that evolutionary history does not strongly influence microbiome structure in the honeycreeper clade. These results expand our understanding of the roles of diet, geography, and phylogeny on avian microbiome structure, while also providing important ecological information about the diet and gut microbiota of wild Hawaiian honeycreepers.
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2024 - Geospatial PDF map of the compilation of GIS data for the mineral industries of select countries in the Indo-Pacific region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T10:51:46.144478","indexId":"ofr20241066","displayToPublicDate":"2024-10-15T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2024-1066","displayTitle":"Geospatial PDF Map of the Compilation of GIS Data for the Mineral Industries of Select Countries in the Indo-Pacific Region","title":"Geospatial PDF map of the compilation of GIS data for the mineral industries of select countries in the Indo-Pacific region","docAbstract":"In 2024, the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Minerals Information Center (NMIC) completed the project titled \"Compilation of geospatial data for the mineral industries of select countries in the Indo-Pacific.\" This project aimed to leverage the expertise and capabilities of the NMIC to collect, synthesize, and interpret geospatial data to inform on the extractive resources of select countries in the Indo-Pacific region (area of study) and expand the NMIC's understanding on the impact of mineral industry of these countries in the global economy. The 19 countries of interest in the Indo-Pacific study area include Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, Fiji, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nauru, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Korea (Republic of Korea), Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Timor-Leste, and Vietnam. The primary objective of this effort was to create a fully attributed Geographic Information System (GIS) portraying existing mining infrastructure, resources, and production capacities across the Indo-Pacific study area as well as highlight mineral production and processing sites under development and potential areas of future extractive industry operations and development in the region. The compiled GIS geodatabase with supporting documentation including comprehensive metadata was published as a USGS data release titled \"Compilation of Geospatial Data (GIS) for the Mineral Industries of Select Countries in the Indo-Pacific.\"
This georeferenced portable document format (GeoPDF) map sheet presents a new geographic information product containing a partial representation of the GIS data. This GeoPDF map provides a visual comparison of the distribution of mineral industry GIS data, which contributes to a deeper understanding of the intersections and complexities of the extractive industries within the select countries in the Indo-Pacific region.
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U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
988 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
In large lakes, metal availability sometimes limits the acquisition of nutrients (nitrogen, N and phosphorus, P) in offshore waters that are relatively isolated from tributaries and sediments. We hypothesize that metals may also be important within harmful algal blooms (HABs). HABs occur where nutrient loads are elevated, but bioassays often indicate that phytoplankton in HABs are N or P limited. Nutrient limitation may be exacerbated by corresponding limitations in several metals (i.e. nickel - Ni, molybdenum - Mo, zinc - Zn, and iron - Fe) that facilitate uptake and transformation of oxidized and organic forms of nutrients, such as urea, nitrate and organic phosphorus. The cyanotoxin microcystin has been hypothesized to have a role in metal management, so metal demand may also influence the toxicity of HABs. Here, we used nutrient diffusing substrates to measure how N, P, Ni, Mo, Zn and Fe amendments influenced the growth and toxicity of periphyton. Periphyton was grown suspended in 10 nearshore sites in Lake Michigan and Lake Erie (5 with and 5 without perennial HABs). Outside of blooms, we found no evidence for metal limitation or co-limitation. However, evidence for metal co-limitation was observed in two HABs sites (Zn in Green Bay and Zn, Mo, Ni and Fe in Sandusky Bay). N, P and Zn amendments all stimulated microcystin content in Maumee Bay. These data indicate that nutrient limitation occurs even within blooms, and the availability of metals may have an influence on growth, community composition and toxicity.
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science Calibration and Validation (Cal/Val) Center of Excellence (ECCOE) focuses on improving the accuracy, precision, calibration, and product quality of remote-sensing data, leveraging years of multiscale optical system geometric and radiometric calibration and characterization experience. The ECCOE Landsat Cal/Val team continually monitors the geometric and radiometric performance of active Landsat missions and makes calibration adjustments, as needed, to maintain data quality at the highest level (Haque and others, 2024).
The accuracy of the ECCOE team calibration adjustments gives other civil and commercial satellite programs around the globe a trusted criterion and reference point. The ECCOE team works with U.S. and international government agencies and commercial vendors to help harmonize data sources as more frequent, consistent views of Earth benefits scientific research.
Since the program started, more than 50 years ago, Landsat data have improved. When advances in calibration and validation today are applied to past satellite missions, researchers can consistently see how land changes over decades. To maintain this criterion, the ECCOE team continues to seek new and better ways to calibrate and validate data, which includes using the moon for calibration and drones for ground validation (fig. 1).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20243039","usgsCitation":"Shaw, J., Anderson, C., Choate, M., and Micijevic, E., 2024, Landsat geometric and radiometric calibration and characterization: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2024–3039, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20243039.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-170688","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462847,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3039/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":462848,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3039/fs20243039.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":462849,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3039/fs20243039.xml"},{"id":462850,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3039/images"},{"id":463094,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20243039/full"}],"contact":"USGS EROS Cal/Val Center of Excellence (ECCOE) Project Team
U.S. Geological Survey
Earth Resources Observation and Science
47914 252nd Street
Sioux Falls, SD 57198
Email: eccoe@usgs.gov
With the ever-increasing number of civil and commercial remote-sensing satellite launches in recent years, the Earth Observation community needs to better understand the quality of new data products as they become available for scientific research purposes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20243040","usgsCitation":"Cantrell, S., Clauson, J., and Anderson, C., 2024, Earth observation remote sensing tools–Assessing systems, trends, and characteristics: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2024–3040, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20243040.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-170441","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":462842,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3040/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":462843,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3040/fs20243040.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":462844,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3040/fs20243040.xml"},{"id":462845,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2024/3040/images"},{"id":462846,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20243040/full"}],"contact":"USGS EROS Cal/Val Center of Excellence (ECCOE) Project Team
U.S. Geological Survey
Earth Resources Observation and Science
47914 252nd Street
Sioux Falls, SD 57198
Email: eccoe@usgs.gov
The Atlantic sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) is an anadromous species which is a detritivore for years in freshwater, before metamorphosing into a juvenile and feeding parasitically at sea. However, their migratory patterns and marine ecology are poorly characterized. In other fishes, chemical analysis of calcified structures has aided in understanding their life history, but sea lamprey lacks these structures. Recent work using eye lenses suggests an alternate approach. Lenses are stable protein structures that accrue layers on their outer edge as they grow. We used stable isotope ratios (δxY) of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen to explore lens layers and compare lenses to muscle. Returning adults were collected in May 2021 from the Penobscot (Maine), Connecticut (Massachusetts), and Susquehanna (Maryland) rivers. Lenses were dissected into three layers (surface, middle, core) and analyzed separately to investigate changes over time. We used mixed-effects models to assess differences in isotope ratios among lens layers. Isotope ratios changed from the core to the surface layer and δ13C were suggestive of a change from terrestrial to marine sources and δ15N showed an increase in trophic level as individuals grew, as would be expected when transitioning from detrital sources to marine prey. However, the isotope ratios of the outer lens layer generally did not correspond with the muscle, perhaps indicating a different temporal interval. These data suggest temporal accretion of lens proteins provide a record to explore sea lamprey ecology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10641-024-01612-4","usgsCitation":"Evans, T., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2024, Peering into the eye of the sea lamprey: What can stable isotopes in lamprey eye lenses reveal about their life history?: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 107, p. 1155-1169, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-024-01612-4.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1155","endPage":"1169","ipdsId":"IP-163956","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480763,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","city":"Milford","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.65624005392965,\n 44.949550366070724\n ],\n [\n -68.65624005392965,\n 44.93578904625113\n ],\n [\n -68.63621986038993,\n 44.93578904625113\n ],\n [\n -68.63621986038993,\n 44.949550366070724\n ],\n [\n -68.65624005392965,\n 44.949550366070724\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Thomas M.","contributorId":348850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Thomas M.","affiliations":[{"id":52128,"text":"St. Mary’s College of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":923830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":923831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70270801,"text":"70270801 - 2024 - Northern Mexican gartersnake demographics and movement ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-25T16:02:02.16547","indexId":"70270801","displayToPublicDate":"2024-10-11T11:00:31","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5373,"text":"Cooperator Science Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"CSS-158-2024","title":"Northern Mexican gartersnake demographics and movement ecology","docAbstract":"The northern Mexican gartersnake (Thamnophis eques; hereafter NMGS) is a federally threatened species occurring in riparian areas in central and southeast Arizona and west-central New Mexico. While previous studies have examined the ecology of this species in central Arizona, less is known about NMGS ecology in grassland landscapes of southeast Arizona. This project continues a long-term mark-recapture study of NMGS in the upper Santa Cruz River in the San Rafael Valley of southeast Arizona. We analyzed mark-recapture data collected by Arizona Game and Fish Department from 2008–2019 and included data we collected during 2022 and 2023. We also studied NMGS movement ecology using a combination of externally attached GPS transmitters and surgically implanted VHF transmitters. We had 517 NMGS captures over 26 survey sessions across the entire study, 186 of which were captures of previously marked snakes. Most of our captures were females and evidence of a statistically significant female-biased sex ratio was present on three survey sessions. Trapping success was generally highest June-September and catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) was strongly correlated with the number of individuals captured. We used mark-recapture data from 288 individuals to estimate annual apparent survival and session-specific recapture probabilities. Annual apparent survival was higher for females (0.72, 95% highest posterior density intervals [HPDI] = 0.630.81) than for males (0.58, 95% HPDI = 0.44–0.72). Session-specific recapture probabilities were similar for males and females and were highly correlated with CPUE. During 2023, we monitored the movements of 13 adult females using GPS transmitters, two adult males using VHF transmitters, and one adult female using a GPS transmitter followed by a VHF transmitter. GPS transmitters were deployed from 7-18 days at a time as limited by battery life. After filtering out low-quality GPS locations, we obtained a total of 1,688 hourly GPS locations. Mean and maximum distances moved per hour ranged from 5.54–10.92 m and 15.24–135.71 m, respectively, across GPS transmitter attachment periods. Space use estimates from 100% minimum convex polygons ranged from 0.04–1.16 ha across GPS transmitter attachment periods. All documented NMGS movements during 2023 were relatively close (< 100 m) to the Santa Cruz River. These results continue to build upon our knowledge of NMGS ecology and suggest the continued presence of a relatively robust population within the upper Santa Cruz River.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/10.3996/css35094350","usgsCitation":"Bauder, J.M., Pawlicki, A., and Goode, M., 2024, Northern Mexican gartersnake demographics and movement ecology: Cooperator Science Series CSS-158-2024, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3996/10.3996/css35094350.","productDescription":"45 p.","ipdsId":"IP-166806","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494693,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fws.gov/media/northern-mexican-gartersnake-demographics-and-movement-ecology","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":494749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"San Rafael Valley, Upper Santa Cruz River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.86644890866877,\n 31.377710308541452\n ],\n [\n -110.86644890866877,\n 31.334558614236315\n ],\n [\n -110.83667605338897,\n 31.334558614236315\n ],\n [\n -110.83667605338897,\n 31.377710308541452\n ],\n [\n -110.86644890866877,\n 31.377710308541452\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bauder, Javan Mathias 0000-0002-2055-5324","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-5324","contributorId":337814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauder","given":"Javan","email":"","middleInitial":"Mathias","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":947098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pawlicki, Anthony","contributorId":360484,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pawlicki","given":"Anthony","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goode, Matt","contributorId":360487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goode","given":"Matt","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":947100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70261950,"text":"70261950 - 2024 - Lake temperature and morphometry shape the thermal composition of recreational fishing catch","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-06T15:12:52.812213","indexId":"70261950","displayToPublicDate":"2024-10-11T09:06:55","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lake temperature and morphometry shape the thermal composition of recreational fishing catch","docAbstract":"Managing freshwater fisheries in warming lakes is challenging because climate change impacts anglers, fish, and their interactions.
We integrated recent models of current and future lake temperatures with recreational fisheries catch data from 587 lakes in three north-central U.S. states (Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin) to evaluate how the thermal composition of recreational fisheries catch varied as a function of temperature, ice coverage, and lake morphometry.
We found that warmwater catch share (WCS), defined as the proportion of fish in recreational angling catch that belonged to the warmwater thermal guild (final temperature preferendum [FTP] > 25°C), increased with average annual lake surface temperature and decreased with survey ice coverage. However, we also found that WCS decreased with increased lake area and depth. Using mid-century (2040–2060) water temperature and ice projections while holding all other variables constant, we predicted that WCS will likely increase as the climate warms but that significant thermal heterogeneity will persist.
Lakes that are large (>100 ha) and deep (>10 m) and those with cooler (<3700 annual growing degree-days) predicted future temperatures will likely hold thermal refugia for coolwater (FTP = 19–25°C) and coldwater (FTP < 19°C) fish even as average lake temperatures rise, creating the potential for management actions to resist the shift from coolwater to warmwater fisheries. Managers of smaller and more rapidly warming lakes may want to consider strategies that accept or direct emerging warmwater fishing opportunities. We suggest that the most viable path to climate adaptation in landscapes of diverse lakes may be to resist warmwater shifts where possible and to accept or direct the rise of warmwater fishing opportunities where necessary.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10481","usgsCitation":"Wszola, L.S., Sievert, N., Lynch, A.J., Embke, H.S., Kaz, A.L., Robertson, M., Midway, S., and Paukert, C.P., 2024, Lake temperature and morphometry shape the thermal composition of recreational fishing catch: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 153, no. 6, p. 746-762, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10481.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"746","endPage":"762","ipdsId":"IP-154515","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":65882,"text":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500789,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://repository.lsu.edu/oceanography_coastal_pubs/1055","text":"External 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\"}}]}","volume":"153","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wszola, Lyndsie S.","contributorId":205135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wszola","given":"Lyndsie","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":37031,"text":"Nebraska Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sievert, Nicholas A. 0000-0003-3160-7596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3160-7596","contributorId":177341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sievert","given":"Nicholas A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":922382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lynch, Abigail J. 0000-0001-8449-8392","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-8392","contributorId":204271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"Abigail","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Embke, Holly Susan 0000-0002-9897-7068","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-7068","contributorId":270754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embke","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"Susan","affiliations":[{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":922384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kaz, Anna L.","contributorId":339462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaz","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robertson, Matthew D.","contributorId":347760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robertson","given":"Matthew D.","affiliations":[{"id":26965,"text":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Midway, Stephen R.","contributorId":244467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Midway","given":"Stephen R.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":922387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Paukert, Craig P. 0000-0002-9369-8545","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-8545","contributorId":245524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paukert","given":"Craig","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit 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Returning to previously successful nest sites (i.e., the win-stay lose-switch strategy) may be beneficial when habitat quality is spatially variable and temporally predictable; however, changes in environmental conditions may constrain dispersal decisions despite previous reproductive success. We used long-term (2000–2017) capture-mark-reencounter data and hierarchical models to examine fine-scale nest-site fidelity of emperor geese (Anser canagicus) on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta in Alaska. Our objectives were to quantify nest-site dispersal distances, determine whether dispersal distance is affected by previous nest fate, spring timing, or major flooding events on the study area, and determine if nest-site fidelity is adaptive in that it leads to higher nest survival. Consistent with the win-stay lose-switch strategy, expected dispersal distance for individuals that failed their nesting attempt in the previous year (207.9 m,14 95% HPDI:150.9–271.4) was greater than expected dispersal distance for individuals who nested successfully in the previous year (125.8 m, 95% HPDI:107.1–145.9). Expected dispersal distance was slightly greater following years of major flooding events for individuals that nested successfully, although this pattern was not observed for individuals who failed their nesting attempt. We did not find evidence that expected dispersal distance was influenced by spring timing. Importantly, dispersal distance was positively related to daily survival probability of emperor goose nests for individuals who failed their previous nesting attempt, suggesting an adaptive benefit to the win-stay lose-switch strategy. Our results highlight the importance of previous experience and environmental variation for informing dispersal decisions of a long-lived goose species. However, it is unclear if dispersal decisions based on previous experience will continue to be adaptive as variability in environmental conditions increases in northern breeding areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.70313","usgsCitation":"Thompson, J.M., Uher-Koch, B.D., Daniels, B.L., Riecke, T., Schmutz, J.A., and Sedinger, B.S., 2024, Previous reproductive success and environmental variation influence nest-site fidelity of a subarctic-nesting goose: Ecology and Evolution, v. 14, no. 10, e70313, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70313.","productDescription":"e70313, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-164482","costCenters":[{"id":65299,"text":"Alaska Science Center Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70313","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":464921,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -168.9696931685749,\n 61.4150203271945\n ],\n [\n -168.9696931685749,\n 59.36637273016359\n ],\n [\n -161.49030953760507,\n 59.36637273016359\n ],\n [\n -161.49030953760507,\n 61.4150203271945\n ],\n [\n -168.9696931685749,\n 61.4150203271945\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, Jordan M.","contributorId":303133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Jordan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17717,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":920511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Uher-Koch, Brian D. 0000-0002-1885-0260 buher-koch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1885-0260","contributorId":5117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uher-Koch","given":"Brian","email":"buher-koch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":920512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daniels, Bryan L.","contributorId":304964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daniels","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":66195,"text":"Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":920513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Riecke, Thomas V.","contributorId":171482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riecke","given":"Thomas V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":920514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A.","contributorId":304965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":66196,"text":"Alaska Science Center WTEB (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":920515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sedinger, Benjamin S.","contributorId":304966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":33303,"text":"University of Wisconsin Stevens Point","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":920516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70259776,"text":"70259776 - 2024 - Controls on the stratigraphic architecture of the US Atlantic margin: Processes forming the accommodation space","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-24T11:38:30.61824","indexId":"70259776","displayToPublicDate":"2024-10-11T06:36:10","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7167,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on the stratigraphic architecture of the US Atlantic margin: Processes forming the accommodation space","docAbstract":"Accommodation space governs the spatial and temporal distributions of sediments in continental margins. Mapping the sedimentation patterns, therefore, offers insights into the solid-Earth processes that shape accommodation space. We assembled an unprecedented amount of seismic and borehole data along the Eastern North American Margin and used it to divide the margin's sedimentary package into eight chronostratigraphic intervals, identifying temporal shifts in depocenters under the continental shelf, slope, and rise. The Jurassic depocenters follow the syn-rift structure and its thermal subsidence loci. The Long Island Platform is the only margin segment where the early post-rift sediment thickness matches subsidence predictions from uniform-stretching models, whereas in Georges Bank Basin (GBB) and Baltimore Canyon Trough (BCT), sediment thickness is 1.5–3 times higher than predicted, pointing to other factors at play. A margin-wide Jurassic transient shoulder uplift is inferred from the occurrence of stratigraphic onlaps above thinned crust. Unlike the Jurassic, the Cretaceous and Cenozoic depocenters disregard the inherited subsidence pattern. The accommodation space over the shelf and coastal plain during the Cretaceous was affected by regional isostatic compensation of the sedimentary loads accumulated on the shelf and rise. Accommodation space development in the GBB was interrupted during the Cretaceous after the margin crossed the Great Meteor Hotspot track, resulting in a widespread permanent uplift, erosion, and sediment redistribution. The distribution of anomalous Neogene subsidence in the BCT challenges previous suggestions of mantle dynamic control on the accommodation space and favors flexural downwarping of the shelf by sediment accumulation on the rise.
Bayesian statistics is a framework in which our knowledge about unknown quantities of interest (especially parameters) is updated with the information in observed data, though it can also be viewed as simply another method to fit a statistical model. It has become popular in many branches of biology. For context, five of the ten most cited papers in Web of Science with keywords 'Bayesian statistics' are related to biology (as of August 19, 2024). Bayesian statistics is particularly valuable for biology because it allows researchers to incorporate prior knowledge, handle complex systems, and work effectively with limited or messy data. However, most biologists are trained in frequentist techniques, and the learning curve to become fluent in Bayesian statistics may be perceived as too time-consuming to undertake, or the prospect of adopting an unfamiliar statistical framework can simply appear too daunting. We provide a list of 10 tips to help you get started with Bayesian statistics. You can also refer to the Glossary for definitions of the technical terms. This paper isn’t just for newcomers; even those with some experience in Bayesian methods may find it a useful roadmap to design, conduct, and publish Bayesian analyses. We’ve drawn mainly on our experience teaching and working with ecologists, but we hope these tips will be relevant to a broader audience of biologists. For those seeking to deepen their understanding, we point to more comprehensive resources that offer in-depth exploration of Bayesian statistics.
","language":"English","publisher":"HAL Open Science","usgsCitation":"Gimenez, O., Royle, A., Kery, M., and Nater, C., 2024, Ten quick tips to get you started with Bayesian statistics: HAL Open Science.","productDescription":"15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-174716","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":483930,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hal.science/hal-04731240v1"},{"id":483932,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gimenez, Olivier","contributorId":352825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gimenez","given":"Olivier","affiliations":[{"id":16636,"text":"CNRS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167 aroyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":146229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kery, Marc","contributorId":168361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kery","given":"Marc","affiliations":[{"id":12551,"text":"Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nater, Chloe","contributorId":352861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nater","given":"Chloe","affiliations":[{"id":33046,"text":"Norwegian Institute for Nature Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70259737,"text":"70259737 - 2024 - Phenology forecasting models for detection and management of invasive annual grasses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-22T12:13:11.576621","indexId":"70259737","displayToPublicDate":"2024-10-10T07:11:39","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phenology forecasting models for detection and management of invasive annual grasses","docAbstract":"Non-native annual grasses can dramatically alter fire frequency and reduce forage quality and biodiversity in the ecosystems they invade. Effective management techniques are needed to reduce these undesirable invasive species and maintain ecosystem services. Well-timed management strategies, such as grazing, that are applied when invasive grasses are active prior to native plants can control invasive species spread and reduce their impact; however, anticipating the timing of key phenological stages that are susceptible to management over vast landscapes is difficult, as the phenology of these species can vary greatly over time and space. To address this challenge, we created range-wide phenology forecasts for two problematic invasive annual grasses: cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), and red brome (Bromus rubens). We tested a suite of 18 mechanistic phenology models using observations from monitoring experiments, volunteer science, herbarium records, timelapse camera imagery, and downscaled gridded climate data to identify the models that best predicted the dates of flowering and senescence of the two invasive grass species. We found that the timing of flowering and senescence of cheatgrass and red brome were best predicted by photothermal time models that had been adjusted for topography using gridded continuous heat-insolation load index values. Phenology forecasts based on these models can help managers make decisions about when to schedule management actions such as grazing to reduce undesirable invasive grasses and promote forage production, quality, and biodiversity in grasslands; to predict the timing of greatest fire risk after annual grasses dry out; and to select remote sensing imagery to accurately map invasive grasses across topographic and latitudinal gradients. These phenology models also have the potential to be operationalized for within-season or within-year decision support.
Tropical cyclones (coastal storm events that include tropical depressions, tropical storms, and hurricanes) cause landscape-scale disturbances that can lead to impaired water quality and thus reduce water availability for use. Stakeholders and scientists at local and national scales have illustrated a need for understanding these risks to water quality. A regional and comprehensive understanding of the impacts of tropical storms and hurricanes on surface-water and groundwater quality—and thus water availability—is lacking for potentially impacted coastal and inland areas. As the U.S. Geological Survey considers development of tools to predict the extent to which water-quality impacts of hurricanes affect water availability, an assessment of the state of the science of hurricane impacts is needed, including a gap analysis and prioritization of data and science needs. This assessment focuses on the southeastern coastal States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20241048","usgsCitation":"Windham-Myers, L., Root, T.L., Petkewich, M.D., Musgrove, M., Gill, A.C., Weaver, J.C., Conaway, C.H., Lindsey, B.D., Parchaso, F., Knowles, N., and Tomaszewski, E.J., 2024, State of science, gap analysis, and prioritization for southeastern United States water-quality impacts from coastal storms—Fiscal year 2023 program report to the Water Resources Mission Area from the Water Availability Impacts of Extreme Events Program—Hurricanes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2024–1048, 64 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20241048.","productDescription":"vii, 64 p.","numberOfPages":"76","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-158415","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497944,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_117648.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":462753,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1048/ofr20241048.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2024-1048"},{"id":462752,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2024/1048/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"southeastern United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.26046308814853,\n 43.34065198513025\n ],\n [\n -71.1713607133797,\n 43.55896502744753\n ],\n [\n -75.09417377891708,\n 40.41702622060157\n ],\n [\n -76.94176883383484,\n 39.38997863980981\n ],\n [\n -77.22164958897736,\n 35.4797326167386\n ],\n [\n -81.98694844837883,\n 31.03632790667575\n ],\n [\n -91.39626305044476,\n 30.5137107036077\n ],\n [\n -91.2989713852823,\n 28.512692779158414\n ],\n [\n -88.18175904626855,\n 28.79591613221004\n ],\n [\n -86.89387148001948,\n 29.79601367137508\n ],\n [\n -83.99773737243493,\n 28.705053633372273\n ],\n [\n -82.26744490204806,\n 24.549161920326497\n ],\n [\n -81.77772710856374,\n 24.25613293881912\n ],\n [\n -79.25395823346736,\n 25.669131592981728\n ],\n [\n -80.8137017138734,\n 30.79934564119985\n ],\n [\n -75.38603247990801,\n 34.830905137914925\n ],\n [\n -74.53299323261764,\n 37.55917715000662\n ],\n [\n -72.8924569187813,\n 40.11126942721674\n ],\n [\n -69.38684780759837,\n 40.8712632604325\n ],\n [\n -69.5648600647653,\n 42.87442943706927\n ],\n [\n -68.26046308814853,\n 43.34065198513025\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Earth System Processes Division
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Rivers convey a broad range of materials, such as sediment, nutrients, and contaminants. Much of this transport can occur during or immediately after an episodic, pulsed event like a flood or an oil spill. Understanding the flow processes that influence the motion of these substances is important for managing water resources and conserving aquatic ecosystems. This study introduces a new remote sensing framework for characterizing dynamic phenomena at the scale of a channel cross-section: Hyperspectral Image Transects during Transient Events in Rivers (HITTER). We present a workflow that uses repeated hyperspectral scan lines acquired from a hovering uncrewed aircraft system (UAS) to quantify how a water attribute of interest varies laterally across the river and evolves over time. Data from a tracer experiment on the Missouri River are used to illustrate the components of the end-to-end processing chain we used to quantify the passage of a visible dye. The framework is intended to be flexible and could be applied in a number of different contexts. The results of this initial proof-of-concept investigation suggest that HITTER could potentially provide insight regarding the dispersion of a range of materials in rivers, which would facilitate ecological and geomorphic studies and help inform management.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs16193743","usgsCitation":"Legleiter, C.J., Scholl, V.M., Sansom, B.J., and Burgess, M.A., 2024, Hyperspectral Image Transects during Transient Events in Rivers (HITTER): Framework development and application to a tracer experiment on the Missouri River, USA: Remote Sensing, v. 19, no. 16, 3743, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16193743.","productDescription":"3743, 33 p.","ipdsId":"IP-169440","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466867,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16193743","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":462788,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Legleiter, Carl J. 0000-0003-0940-8013 cjl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0940-8013","contributorId":169002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Legleiter","given":"Carl","email":"cjl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scholl, Victoria Mary 0000-0002-2085-1449","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2085-1449","contributorId":295713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"Mary","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sansom, Brandon James 0000-0001-7999-9547","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7999-9547","contributorId":289636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sansom","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burgess, Matthew Alexander 0000-0003-3487-4972 mburgess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3487-4972","contributorId":225090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgess","given":"Matthew","email":"mburgess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":915481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70259698,"text":"70259698 - 2024 - Quantification of threats to bats at localized spatial scales for conservation and management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-19T13:16:42.798926","indexId":"70259698","displayToPublicDate":"2024-10-09T08:13:54","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7774,"text":"PLoSOne","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantification of threats to bats at localized spatial scales for conservation and management","docAbstract":"In a rapidly changing world, where species conservation needs vary by local habitat, concentrated conservation efforts at small spatial scales can be critical. Bats provide an array of value to the ecosystems they inhabit; many bat species are also of conservation concern. San Diego County, California, contains 22 of the 41 bat species that occur in the United States, 16 of which are on conservation watchlists. Thus, management of bat communities in San Diego County is a pressing need. Because bats exploit vast areas of the landscape and historical sampling strategies have shifted over time, a standardized way of prioritizing areas of the landscape for management would provide an integral asset to bat conservation. We leveraged long-term bat community survey data from sampling areas across San Diego County to prioritize areas with the most management need. We calculated two types of scores: species scores and threat scores. Species scores incorporated richness and conservation status, and threat scores included landscape level threats that bats could encounter. We found that urbanization, the presence of artificial lights, and areas sampled on unconserved land were all significantly associated with decreases in species richness. Further, using species and threat scores, each sampling area was placed into one of four conservation categories, in order from greatest to least conservation need, ranging from highest priority (high species score, high threat score) to lowest (low species score, low threat score). Additionally, we focused on sampling areas in which Townsend’s big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii) and/or pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) occurred. These two species are of exceptional conservation concern in San Diego County and across the western United States. We identified urbanization, the presence of artificial lights, and areas sampled on unconserved land as threats that were all significantly associated with the absence of Townsend’s big-eared bat, but not pallid bat. The strategy, methodology, and solutions proposed in our study should assist bat conservation and management efforts wherever bats occur, and can be extended to other species that require conservation attention.