{"pageNumber":"530","pageRowStart":"13225","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16500,"records":[{"id":28535,"text":"wri844123 - 1984 - Cost effectiveness of the U.S. Geological Survey's stream-gaging program in Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:48","indexId":"wri844123","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4123","title":"Cost effectiveness of the U.S. Geological Survey's stream-gaging program in Illinois","docAbstract":"Data uses and funding sources were identified for 138 continuous-record discharge-gaging stations currently (1983) operated as part of the stream-gaging program in Illinois. Streamflow data from five of those stations are used only for regional hydrology studies. Most streamflow data are used for defining regional hydrology, defining rainfall-runoff relations, flood forecasting, regulating navigation systems, and water-quality sampling. Based on the evaluations of data use and of alternative methods for determining streamflow in place of stream gaging, no stations in the 1983 stream-gaging program should be deactivated. The current budget (in 1983 dollars) for operating the 138-station program is $768,000 per year. The average standard error of instantaneous discharge for the current practice for visiting the gaging stations is 36.5 percent. Missing stage record accounts for one-third of the 36.5 percent average standard error. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri844123","usgsCitation":"Mades, D., and Oberg, K.A., 1984, Cost effectiveness of the U.S. Geological Survey's stream-gaging program in Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4123, v, 107 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844123.","productDescription":"v, 107 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119747,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4123/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57348,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4123/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683f98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mades, D. M.","contributorId":40230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mades","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oberg, K. A.","contributorId":67553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oberg","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20655,"text":"ofr84242 - 1984 - Effects of urbanization on the magnitude and frequency of floods on small streams in Tennessee; basic data report No. 3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:47","indexId":"ofr84242","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-242","title":"Effects of urbanization on the magnitude and frequency of floods on small streams in Tennessee; basic data report No. 3","docAbstract":"Rainfall and discharge data collected at 21 urban hydrology sites in Tennessee from July 1977 to September 1983 are summarized. These rainfall-runoff data will be used to calibrate a U.S. Geological Survey Rainfall-Runoff Model. The results of the model calibrations will then be used to develop reliable methods for determining the magnitude and frequency of floods on small streams in Tennessee where urbanization is a factor. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84242","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C.H., 1984, Effects of urbanization on the magnitude and frequency of floods on small streams in Tennessee; basic data report No. 3: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-242, iii, 32 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84242.","productDescription":"iii, 32 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":1138,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr84-242","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":153982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60fdfe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C. H.","contributorId":54210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":7460,"text":"ofr84760 - 1984 - Proceedings of the Geologic and Hydrologic Hazards Training Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:13","indexId":"ofr84760","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-760","title":"Proceedings of the Geologic and Hydrologic Hazards Training Program","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84760","usgsCitation":"Williams, M., 1984, Proceedings of the Geologic and Hydrologic Hazards Training Program: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-760, iv, 1128 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84760.","productDescription":"iv, 1128 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0760/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34881,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0760/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34879,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0760/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34880,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0760/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db6604a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, M.E.","contributorId":11613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":233,"text":"wsp2262 - 1984 - Selected papers in the hydrologic sciences 1984; July 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-22T18:13:33","indexId":"wsp2262","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2262","title":"Selected papers in the hydrologic sciences 1984; July 1984","docAbstract":"The rapid, accurate measurement of the oxygen content of soil gas in the unsaturated zone or dissolved oxygen in soil water in the saturated zone can be useful in wetland vegetation studies. A method has been devised and tested in the Great Dismal Swamp, a wetland with fine silt-clay and organic soils, that appears to provide good results. A 60-milliliter sample of soil gas or water is withdrawn from permanently installed chambers at various depths in the soil profile. The oxygen concentration of air samples is measured with a specially constructed analyzer cell fitted to the polarographic oxygen electrode of a portable oxygen meter. The dissolved oxygen concentration of water samples is measured directly with the oxygen electrode while stirring the sample in a 32-milliliter glass bottle with a portable magnetic stirrer. Field tests with duplicate chamber installations showed that consistent results are obtained for soil gas and water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2262","usgsCitation":"1984, Selected papers in the hydrologic sciences 1984; July 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2262, v, 66 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2262.","productDescription":"v, 66 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":136506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2262/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":24843,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2262/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a03e4b07f02db5f83da","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Meyer, Eric L.","contributorId":58619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":749260,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28420,"text":"wri844306 - 1984 - Water-data program of the US Geological Survey in Kansas, fiscal year 1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:47","indexId":"wri844306","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4306","title":"Water-data program of the US Geological Survey in Kansas, fiscal year 1983","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey is the principal Federal agency responsible for the collection of hydrologic data needed for the planning, development, use, and management of the water resources in Kansas. Hydrologic-data collection by the U.S. Geological Survey in Kansas began in 1895. The fiscal-year 1983 water-data program, operated in cooperation with several Federal , State, and local agencies, included 270 stations for collection of river, lake, and reservoir data, 1,940 wells for collection of ground-water data; 53 sampling stations and 215 wells for collection of water-quality data. This report provides a detailed description of the water-data program, including coordination and funding, data-collection activities, quality-assurance plans, availability of data, network design, and future needs for water data. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844306","usgsCitation":"Livingston, R., and Medina, K., 1984, Water-data program of the US Geological Survey in Kansas, fiscal year 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4306, iv, 33 p. :ill., maps ;22 x 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844306.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p. :ill., maps ;22 x 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123437,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4306/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57221,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4306/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f0e4b07f02db5edf07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Livingston, R.K.","contributorId":49006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livingston","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Medina, K.D.","contributorId":46925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medina","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":7252,"text":"ofr84584 - 1984 - Illinois ground-water observation network; a preliminary planning document for network design","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:57","indexId":"ofr84584","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-584","title":"Illinois ground-water observation network; a preliminary planning document for network design","docAbstract":"Water-level and water-quality networks in Illinois were evaluated to determine the adequacy and completeness of available data bases. Ground-water data in present data bases are inadequate to provide information on ground-water quality and water levels in large areas of Illinois and in the major geohydrologic units underlying Illinois and surrounding areas. Data-management needs indicate that a new data base is desirable and could be developed by use of carefully selected available data and new data. Types of data needed to define ground-water quality and water levels in selected geohydrologic units were tentatively identified. They include data on concentrations of organic chemicals related to activities of man, and concentrations of inorganic chemicals which relate either to man 's activities or to the chemical composition of the source aquifer. Water-level data are needed which can be used to describe short- and long-term stresses on the ground-water resources of Illinois. Establishment of priorities for data collection has been deferred until existing hydrologic data files can be stored for usable data and until input from other local, State, and Federal agencies can be solicited and compiled. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84584","usgsCitation":"Frost, L., O’Hearn, M., Gibb, J., and Sherrill, M., 1984, Illinois ground-water observation network; a preliminary planning document for network design: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-584, v, 76 p. :ill., maps ;29 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84584.","productDescription":"v, 76 p. :ill., maps ;29 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140356,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0584/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34630,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0584/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c70e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frost, L.R.","contributorId":96675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frost","given":"L.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Hearn, Michael","contributorId":63801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Hearn","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gibb, J.P.","contributorId":48969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibb","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sherrill, M.G.","contributorId":19945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrill","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":7243,"text":"ofr83527 - 1984 - Hydrology of area 45, northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain coal provinces, Montana and North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:50","indexId":"ofr83527","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-527","title":"Hydrology of area 45, northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain coal provinces, Montana and North Dakota","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr83527","usgsCitation":"Slagle, S.E., and and others, 1984, Hydrology of area 45, northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain coal provinces, Montana and North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-527, v, 90 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr83527.","productDescription":"v, 90 p. :ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0527/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34626,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0527/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db601fed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slagle, Steven E.","contributorId":35284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slagle","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"and others","contributorId":127886,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"and others","id":528821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":138,"text":"wsp2250 - 1984 - National water summary 1983: Hydrologic events and issues","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T13:06:53","indexId":"wsp2250","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2250","title":"National water summary 1983: Hydrologic events and issues","docAbstract":"<p>The United States as a Nation possesses abundant water resources and has developed and used those resources extensively. The national renewable supply of water is about 1,400 billion gallons per day (for the conterminous 48 States). Approximately 380 billion gallons per day of freshwater is withdrawn for use by the Nation's homes, farms, and industries, and about 280 billion gallons per day is returned to streams. Although a large percentage of the Nation's waste is carried in this return flow, the quality of water in streams has improved in many respects as a result of the pollution-control pro- grams of recent years. However, much remains to be learned about water quality particularly the extent of contamination by synthetic organic chemicals and heavy metals, and the effects of these contaminants on human health.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2250","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, National water summary 1983: Hydrologic events and issues: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2250, vi, 243 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2250.","productDescription":"vi, 243 p.","numberOfPages":"254","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":136153,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2250/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":24749,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2250/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698350","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":527188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":9617,"text":"ofr84867 - 1984 - Assessment of ground-water contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park area, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T12:06:21","indexId":"ofr84867","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-867","title":"Assessment of ground-water contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park area, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Operation of a coal-tar distillation and wood-preserving facility in St. Louis Park, Minnesota, during 1918-72 contaminated ground water with coal-tar derivatives and inorganic chemicals. Coal-tar derivatives entered the groundwater system through three major paths: (1) Spills and drippings that percolated to the water table, (2) surface runoff and plant process water that was discharged to wetlands south of the former plant site, and (3) movement of coal tar directly into bedrock aquifers through a multiaquifer well on the site.</p>\n<p>In the drift, Platteville, and St. Peter aquifers, ground water flows laterally from west to east and vertically downward. Near the former plant site, creosote-like organic fluids have migrated vertically downward through the drift and are being partially dissolved by ground water. Ground water has preferentially mobilized low-molecular-weight compounds such as phenolic compounds, alkyl-benzenes, and naphthalene, although polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons as heavy as benzo(a)pyrene have been mobilized at low concentrations. Sorption of high-molecular-weight compounds has retarded their migration down the hydraulic gradient compared to low-molecular-weight compounds in the plume. Some simple phenolic compounds are being degraded to methane and carbon dioxide by bacteria under anaerobic conditions in the drift-PlattevilleSt. Peter aquifer system. Other low-molecular-weight aromatic compounds are apparently being degraded by aerobic bacteria at the periphery of the plume where oxygen is available. Intermediate degradation products such as volatile fatty acids are likely present, but complete conversion of the organic contaminants to innocuous inorganic substances has not been demonstrated. Near and south of 36th and Wooddale Avenues, contaminants enter the St. Peter aquifer where the Glenwood confining unit has been eroded in a buried bedrock valley. Contaminants previously entered the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer through at least one multiaquif er well (W38). Other sources of contaminants and the low concentrations of contaminants hamper delineation of the maximum areal extent of contaminants that are resistant to biologic degradation. These biorefractory compounds will probably continue to migrate down the hydraulic gradients in the drift and Platteville and St. Peter aquifers.</p>\n<p>Of particular concern with respect to the health risk to humans are the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, which are a major constituent of coal tar and are found in municipal wells near the site that are completed in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer. The Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer lies 250 to 500 feet below land surface and is relatively well protected from nearsurface sources of contamination by overlying rocks. However, the aquifer has been contaminated since at least 1932 because coal-tar derivatives have entered the aquifer through multiaquifer wells. The most significant single source of contamination in the aquifer is a well drilled on the site in 1917 (well W23) that has contained liquid coal-tar since at least 1958. The introduction, dissolution, and movement of this coal-tar in ground water has contaminated nearby municipal wells. The composition of the tar in well W23, and the ratio of concentrations of individual compounds in water from well W23 to those in municipal well SLP15, are consistent with known hydrologic, chemical, and biologic processes, and the conclusion that contaminants in well SLP15 are due primarily to contaminants introduced at well W23. Most of the major polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the tar, although slightly soluble in water and strongly sorbed by aquifer materials, have moved greater distances at higher concentrations than have the lower-molecular-weight, more soluble compounds such as phenolic compounds and naphthalene. The latter are apparently being degraded by bacteria.</p>\n<p>The direction and rate of contaminant movement within the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer changes with time because the ground-water-flow system continually adjusts to hydraulic stresses caused by ground-water withdrawals and flow through multiaquifer wells. Contaminants can move rapidly through the Prairie du Chien-Jordan because the upper part of the aquifer is a carbonate rock having fracture and solution-channel permeability, low effective porosity, and relatively small surface area for sorption. Consequently, the concentration and composition of contaminants in water pumped from individual industrial and municipal wells completed in the aquifer fluctuate with time. Although contaminants have been in the aquifer for at least 50 years and their spatial distribution is complex, concentrations remain highest near their points of introduction through multiaquifer wells near and on the site of the former plant.</p>\n<p>Contaminants reached the Ironton-Galesville aquifer through at least two deep multiaquifer wells (W23 and W38), but the extent of contamination in this aquifer, and in the underlying Mount Simon-Hinckley aquifer, is not known.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr84867","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Health, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, City of St. Louis Park, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Hult, M.F., 1984, Assessment of ground-water contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park area, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-867, v, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84867.","productDescription":"v, 57 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":37343,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0867/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0867/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"St. Louis Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.40164184570312,\n              44.918382411519346\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.40164184570312,\n              44.966012492248325\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.3024215698242,\n              44.966012492248325\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.3024215698242,\n              44.918382411519346\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.40164184570312,\n              44.918382411519346\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671fa2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hult, M. F.","contributorId":29817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hult","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28300,"text":"wri844027 - 1984 - Generalized skew coefficient for flood frequency computations for the State of Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:49","indexId":"wri844027","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4027","title":"Generalized skew coefficient for flood frequency computations for the State of Hawaii","docAbstract":"In 1976, the Hydrology Committee of the U.S. Water Resources Council estimated a generalized skew coefficient for flood frequency computations of -0.05 for the State of Hawaii. This value is the average of 30 stream gaging stations with 25 or more years of record through water year 1973. This report updates the generalized skew coefficient for the State of Hawaii to -0.14. It is the average of 68 stream gaging stations with 25 or more years of record. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844027","usgsCitation":"Lee, R., 1984, Generalized skew coefficient for flood frequency computations for the State of Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4027, iv, 21 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844027.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4027/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57114,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4027/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae3d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Reuben","contributorId":12896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Reuben","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28081,"text":"wri844222 - 1984 - Impacts of the Tampa Bypass Canal system on the areal hydrology, Hillsborough County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:26","indexId":"wri844222","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4222","title":"Impacts of the Tampa Bypass Canal system on the areal hydrology, Hillsborough County, Florida","docAbstract":"Construction of the Tampa Bypass Canal, Florida has resulted in an increase in streamflow from the canal area. Base-flow discharge is more than twice preconstruction amounts. Discharge from springs has decreased by one half or more. Ground-water levels show an increase of up to 4 feet near structure S-160 due to impoundment of water. Elsewhere, levels have generally decreased by 2 to 4 feet. Some minor changes in water quality have occurred. Some of the changes, however, may be attributed to factors other than canal construction. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844222","usgsCitation":"Knutilla, R., and Corral, M.A., 1984, Impacts of the Tampa Bypass Canal system on the areal hydrology, Hillsborough County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4222, vi, 65 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844222.","productDescription":"vi, 65 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4222/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56902,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4222/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a04e4b07f02db5f854c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knutilla, R. L.","contributorId":65451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knutilla","given":"R. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Corral, M. A.","contributorId":25201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corral","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":7056,"text":"ofr84247 - 1984 - Climatic data for Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota, 1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T11:33:30","indexId":"ofr84247","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-247","title":"Climatic data for Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota, 1983","docAbstract":"<p>Research on the hydrology of Williams Lake, north-central Minnesota includes study of evaporation. Presented here are those climatic data needed for energy-budget and mass-transfer studies,including: water-surface temperature, dry-bulb and wet-bulb air temperatures, wind speed, precipitation, and solar radiation. Data are collected at raft and land stations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/ofr84247","usgsCitation":"Sturrock, A., Rosenberry, D., Engelbrecht, L., Gothard, W., and Winter, T.C., 1984, Climatic data for Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota, 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-247, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84247.","productDescription":"41 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":140587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0247/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34352,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0247/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Hubbard County","otherGeospatial":"Williams Lake","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de191","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sturrock, A.M.","contributorId":25947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturrock","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosenberry, D.O. 0000-0003-0681-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":38500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"D.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":154110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engelbrecht, L.G.","contributorId":53227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engelbrecht","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gothard, W.A.","contributorId":29690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gothard","given":"W.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":154107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":27817,"text":"wri844016 - 1984 - Ground-water models as a management tool in Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:43","indexId":"wri844016","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4016","title":"Ground-water models as a management tool in Florida","docAbstract":"Highly sophisticated computer models provide powerful tools for analyzing historic data and for simulating future water levels, water movement, and water chemistry under stressed conditions throughout the ground-water system in Florida. Models that simulate the movement of heat and subsidence of land in response to aquifer pumping also have potential for application to hydrologic problems in the State. Florida, with 20 ground-water modeling studies reported since 1972, has applied computer modeling techniques to a variety of water-resources problems. Models in Florida generally have been used to provide insight to problems of water supply, contamination, and impact on the environment. The model applications range from site-specific studies, such as estimating contamination by wastewater injection at St. Petersburg, to a regional model of the entire State that may be used to assess broad-scale environmental impact of water-resources development. Recently, groundwater models have been used as management tools by the State regulatory authority to permit or deny development of water resources. As modeling precision, knowledge, and confidence increase, the use of ground-water models will shift more and more toward regulation of development and enforcement of environmental laws. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844016","usgsCitation":"Hutchinson, C.B., 1984, Ground-water models as a management tool in Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4016, iv, 26 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844016.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126884,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4016/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56653,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4016/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9fe4b07f02db660d9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutchinson, C. B.","contributorId":94655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchinson","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27332,"text":"wri834201 - 1984 - Floods of March 1982, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-24T09:53:24","indexId":"wri834201","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4201","title":"Floods of March 1982, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio","docAbstract":"<p>Rapid melting of a snowpack containing 2 to 6 inches of water equivalent coinciding with moderate rainfall caused flooding in March 1982 across northern Indiana, southern Michigan, and northwestern Ohio. Millions of dollars in property damage and the loss of four lives resulted from the flooding. Peak discharges at several gaging stations in each of the following river basins have recurrence intervals of 50 to greater than 100 years: Wabash, St. Joseph, River Raisin, Maumee, and Kankakee. Flooding in the Wabash River basin was confined to major tributaries draining from the north. The St. Joseph River experienced flooding having a recurrence interval of about 50 years. Peak discharges having recurrence intervals of 50 to greater than 100 years were recorded on the River Raisin. Flooding on most large streams in the Maumee River basin was the worst since 1913. The Kankakee River and its major tributary, Yellow River, recorded peak discharges having recurrence intervals greater than 100 years. Hydrologic data have been tabulated for 83 gaging stations and partial-record sites. Maps are presented to emphasize the severity and untimely sequence of meteorological conditions that provided the potential and triggered the floods. Hydrographs are shown for 32 gaging stations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri834201","usgsCitation":"Glatfelter, D., Butch, G., and Stewart, J.A., 1984, Floods of March 1982, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4201, vi, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834201.","productDescription":"vi, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":56197,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4201/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124211,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4201/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Michigan, 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A.","contributorId":50158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27287,"text":"wri844327 - 1984 - Evaluation of the ground-water resources of parts of Lancaster and Berks Counties, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-05T10:30:37","indexId":"wri844327","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4327","title":"Evaluation of the ground-water resources of parts of Lancaster and Berks Counties, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Secondary openings in bedrock are the avenues for virtually all ground-water flow in a 626-sqare-mile area in Lancaster and Berks Counties, Pennsylvania. The number, size, and interconnection of secondary openings are functions of lithology, depth, and topography. Ground water actively circulates to depths of 150 to 300 feet below land surface. Total average annual ground-water recharge for the area is 388 million gallons per day, most of which discharges to streams from local, unconfined flow systems. \r\n\r\n      A digital ground-water flow model was developed to simulate unconfined flow under several different recharge and withdrawal scenarios. On the basis of lithologic and hydrologic differences, the modeled area was sub-divided into 22 hydrogeologic units. A finite-difference grid with rectangular blocks, each 2,015 by 2,332 feet, was used. The model was calibrated under steady-state and transient conditions. The steady-state calibration was used to determine hydraulic conductivities and stream leakage coefficients and the transient calibration was used to determine specific yields. \r\n\r\n      The 22 hydrogeologic units fall into four general lithologies: Carbonate rocks, metamorphic rocks, Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, and Triassic sedimentary rocks. Average hydraulic conductivity ranges from about 8.8 feet per day in carbonate units to about .5 feet per day in metamorphic units. The Stonehenge Formation (limestone) has the greatest average hydraulic conductivity--85.2 feet per day in carbonate units to about 0.11 feet per day in the greatest gaining-strem leakage coefficient--16.81 feet per day. Specific yield ranges from 0.06 to 0.09 in carbonate units, and is 0.02 to 0.015, and 0.012 in metamorphic, Paleozoic sedimentary, and Triassic sedimentary units, respectively. \r\n\r\n      Transient simulations were made to determine the effects of four different combinations of natural and artificial stresses. Natural aquifer conditions (no ground-water withdrawals) and actual aquifer conditions (current ground-water withdrawals) were simulated for two years under normal seasonal and hypothetical drought (60-percent reduction in winter-spring recharge) conditions. \r\n\r\n      In October, 6 months after the hypothetical drought, simulated declines in water-table altitude due to the drought occurred everywhere and ranged from a median of 3.6 feet in carbonate units to 8.7 feet in carbonate units. Simulated base flows for five major streams were reduced by 33 to 51 percent during the hypothetical drought. \r\n\r\n      Also in October, maximum simulated declines in water-table altitude due to ground-water withdrawls ranged from 33 feet in carbonate units to 79 feet in Triassic sedimentary units. Simulated base flows for five major streams were reduced by the amount of ground water withdrawn. \r\n\r\n      Finally, again in October, maximum simulated declines in water-table altitude due to the combination of hypothetical drought and ground-water withdrawls ranged from 38 feet in carbonate units to 109 feet in Triassic sedimentary units. Due to aquifer dewatering, simulated declines were as much as 24 feet greater than the sum of the separate simulated declines that were caused by hypothetical drought and ground-water withdrawals. Some of the greatest simulated declines were in well fields, operated by three municipalities that experienced water-supply problems during the 1980-81 drought.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844327","usgsCitation":"Gerhart, J.M., and Lazorchick, G., 1984, Evaluation of the ground-water resources of parts of Lancaster and Berks Counties, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4327, vii, 136 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844327.","productDescription":"vii, 136 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":56170,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56169,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56165,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56166,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56167,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124691,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56168,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4327/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611ae6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerhart, J. M.","contributorId":12855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gerhart","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lazorchick, G.J.","contributorId":100391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lazorchick","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":19766,"text":"ofr84817 - 1984 - Proposed 10-year plan for continuation of hydrologic studies of the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio area, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-12T13:07:53","indexId":"ofr84817","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-817","title":"Proposed 10-year plan for continuation of hydrologic studies of the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio area, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The importance of the Edwards aquifer as a freshwater resource and its susceptibility to being contaminated, being over utilized, or both resulted in the development of a proposed 10-year plan to monitor and study its hydrology. The plan proposes adjustments to the current monitoring activities of computing and measuring recharge, discharge, withdrawals, water levels, and water quality. To conduct the needed special studies , the plan recognizes the need for the construction and drilling of many new wells at specific locations and to selected depths. Many of the wells will be in clusters so that data can be obtained on a stratigraphic basis.</p>\n<p>Some of the topics identified for special study include: (1) The potential of saline water entering the freshwater zone from the downdip boundary; (2) the possibility of water leaking into the aquifer from an overlying aquifer; (3) the effects of urbanization on ground-water quality in local areas; (4) the movement and dissipation of a recharge water plume; (5) the influx of water from the Glen Rose Formation; (6) the effects of the fault barriers, regional dense bed, and irregular geologic framework on ground-water flow patterns; (7) natural recharge-discharge relationships; (8) the aquifer stage-storage relationship; (9) natural water-quality evolution; and (10) a refinement of the hydrogeologic framework in a local area.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr84817","usgsCitation":"Land, L.F., 1984, Proposed 10-year plan for continuation of hydrologic studies of the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio area, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-817, v, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84817.","productDescription":"v, 26 p.","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":49238,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0817/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":152415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0817/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d68a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Land, Larry F.","contributorId":60612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Land","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30275,"text":"wri834139 - 1984 - Water resources of Ponape, Caroline Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:51","indexId":"wri834139","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4139","title":"Water resources of Ponape, Caroline Islands","docAbstract":"Ponape is the third largest island in the western Pacific, with a land area of 129 square miles. The island is volcanic, nearly circular in shape, and covered with lush tropical vegetation. The mountainous interior has the highest peaks in the western Pacific. Annual rainfall at Kolonia and other coastal areas is 191 inches. Inland at higher elevations, the rainfall is considerably higher. The upper Nanpil River basin averages about 340 inches annually. Runoff-to-rainfall ratios for Ponapean streams show that about two thirds of the rain falling on the island runs off. Flow-duration curves show the similarity of the geology, vegetation, and rainfall of the drainage basins and indicate little ground-water contribution to surface runoff. Surface-water quality is excellent as shown by 53 chemical anlyses of water from 19 streams. Water of the Nanpil River, the source of water for the central water system, is especially low in dissolved elements and solids. This report summarizes in one volume all the hydrologic data collected and provides analyses that may be used by planning and public works officials as a basis for making decisions on the development and management of their water resources. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, WRD,","doi":"10.3133/wri834139","usgsCitation":"Van der Brug, O., 1984, Water resources of Ponape, Caroline Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4139, xiii, 171 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834139.","productDescription":"xiii, 171 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123569,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4139/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59058,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4139/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e59c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van der Brug, Otto","contributorId":37347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van der Brug","given":"Otto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30276,"text":"wri834140 - 1984 - Water resources of the Palau Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-29T22:15:11.340553","indexId":"wri834140","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4140","title":"Water resources of the Palau Islands","docAbstract":"<p>The Palau Islands are a group of 350 islands, ranging in size from a few hundred square feet to the 153-square-mile island of Babelthuap. Babelthuap is the second largest island in the Western Pacific and comprises more than 80 percent of the total land area of the Palau Islands. Most of the islands are uninhabited limestone ridges covered with dense vegetation. These islands have no freshwater resources and are not included in this report. The island of Koror with an area of 3.6 square miles is the administrative, commercial, and population center of Palau and has an annual average rainfall of 148 inches. Short-term rainfall records at other locations in the islands indicate little variation in annual rainfall throughout the Palau Islands. Runoff-to-rainfall ratios for streams on Babelthuap show that about 70 percent of the rain falling on the island runs off to the ocean. The uniformity of rainfall and basin characteristics is shown by the excellent correlation between mean annual rainfall on Koror and streamflow on Babelthuap and by the close correlations between discharge at gaging stations and partial-record sites. Surface water quality is generally very good as shown by 55 chemical analyses of water from 18 sources. The dissolved solids concentration of water samples did not exceed 66 milligrams per liter. This report summarizes in one volume hydrologic data collection in a 14-year period of study and provides interpretations of the data than can be used by planners and public works officials as a basis for making decisions on the development and management of the islands' water resources.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri834140","usgsCitation":"Van der Brug, O., 1984, Water resources of the Palau Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4140, xv, 223 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834140.","productDescription":"xv, 223 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":59059,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4140/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4140/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":409834,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49172.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Palau","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              136.28585660261035,\n              9.369004033133194\n            ],\n            [\n              131.81422816592465,\n              9.369004033133194\n            ],\n            [\n              131.81422816592465,\n              4.266662315304046\n            ],\n            [\n              136.28585660261035,\n              4.266662315304046\n            ],\n            [\n              136.28585660261035,\n              9.369004033133194\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49b8e4b07f02db5ccfe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van der Brug, Otto","contributorId":37347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van der Brug","given":"Otto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":17245,"text":"ofr8461 - 1984 - Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Austin, Texas, metropolitan area, 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T10:54:20","indexId":"ofr8461","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-61","title":"Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Austin, Texas, metropolitan area, 1982","docAbstract":"<p>Hydrologic investigations of urban watersheds in Texas were begun by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1954. Studies are now in progress in Austin, and Houston. Studies have been completed in the Dallas, Fort Worth, and San Antonio areas.</p>\n<p>The Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Texas Department of Water Reources, began hydrologic studies in the Austin urban area in 1954. In cooperation with the city of Austin, the program was expanded in 1975 to include additional streamflow and rainfall gaging stations, and the collection of surface water-quality data. In 1978, the program was expanded to include a ground-water resources study of the South Austin metropolitan area in the Ealcones Fault Zone.</p>\n<p>The objectives of the Austin urban hydrology study are as follows:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>To determine, on the basis of historical data and hydrologic analyses, the magnitude and frequency of flood peaks and flood volume.</li>\n<li>To determine the effect of urban development on flood peaks and volume.</li>\n<li>To determine the variations in water quality during different seasons and flow conditions in representative watersheds under various types of urban development.</li>\n<li>To quantitatively appraise the grouna-water resources along the Balcones Fault Zone, the effect of urbanization on the quality and quantity of recharge and discharge, and the extent of contamination in the Edwards aquifer that is in hydrologic circulation with Barton Springs.</li>\n</ol>\n<p>This report presents the basic hydrologic data collected in the Austin urban area for the 1982 water year (Oct. 1, 1981 to Sept. 30, 1982).</p>\n<p>Additional explanations of terms related to streamflow, water quality, and other hydrologic data used in this report are defined in the U.S. Geological Survey annual report Water Resources Data for Texas, TX-82-3, 1982.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/ofr8461","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Austin and the Texas Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Slade, R., Veenhuis, J., Dorsey, M., Stewart, S., and Ruiz, L., 1984, Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Austin, Texas, metropolitan area, 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-61, vi, 196 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8461.","productDescription":"vi, 196 p.","numberOfPages":"202","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":149338,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0061/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46394,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0061/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.81 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Austin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -98.09280395507812,\n              29.991812888666043\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.38006591796874,\n              29.991812888666043\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.38006591796874,\n              30.615459280672667\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.09280395507812,\n              30.615459280672667\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.09280395507812,\n              29.991812888666043\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ce4b07f02db60816a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slade, R.M.","contributorId":84364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slade","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Veenhuis, J.E.","contributorId":6850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Veenhuis","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dorsey, M.E.","contributorId":73997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorsey","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stewart, S.L.","contributorId":81117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ruiz, L.M.","contributorId":93925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruiz","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":30274,"text":"wri834161 - 1984 - Water resources of Kosrae, Caroline Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:51","indexId":"wri834161","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4161","title":"Water resources of Kosrae, Caroline Islands","docAbstract":"Kosrae is a high volcanic island about 42 square miles in area and the easternmost of the Caroline Islands. Mount Finkol (Mt. Crozer), at 2,065 feet, is the highest point on the island. Mountainous ridges descend sharply to narrow coastal strips which support a population of 5,500 people. Many streams, some quite large relative to the size of the island, drain radially from the interior. The average annual discharge of surface water amounts to almost 7 million gallons per square mile per day. Annual rainfall for coastal areas on Kosrae averages about 200 inches, and is similar to the rainfall for coastal areas on the island of Ponape, about 340 statute miles to the northwest. Rainfall in the interior was estimated at 225 inches per year of which about two thirds runs off as streamflow. Surface-water quality is very good as shown by 42 chemical analyses of water from 12 streams. This report summarizes in one volume the hydrologic data collected and provides interpretations that can be used by planning and public works officials as a basis for making decisions on the development and management of their water resources. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834161","usgsCitation":"Van der Brug, O., 1984, Water resources of Kosrae, Caroline Islands: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4161, xii, 143 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834161.","productDescription":"xii, 143 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159332,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4161/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59057,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4161/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5aa7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van der Brug, Otto","contributorId":37347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van der Brug","given":"Otto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26360,"text":"wri844012 - 1984 - A reconnaissance study of saltwater contamination in the El Dorado aquifer, Union County, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:33","indexId":"wri844012","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4012","title":"A reconnaissance study of saltwater contamination in the El Dorado aquifer, Union County, Arkansas","docAbstract":"Since 1960 chloride concentrations in the El Dorado aquifer have increased near El Dorado, Arkansas. The aquifer is a major source for municipal and industrial water supply in Union County. Greatest withdrawal occurs near El Dorado. Because of this withdrawal, the potentiometric surface at El Dorado has been lowered more than 300 feet. Geologic, hydrologic, and chemical data indicate that water from a graben south and east of El Dorado is the source of contamination from salt within the El Dorado aquifer. The data indicates that surface brines and deeper aquifers are not the sources of chloride contamination. Lowering the potentiometric surface near El Dorado has caused water to move out of the graben toward El Dorado. Estimates based on interpretation of electric logs for two wells in the graben indicate chloride equivalents may be as high as 2,500 milligrams per liter in the aquifer. Concentrations outside the graben range from 130 to 650 milligrams per liter at the west end of the graben and from 25 to 150 milligrams per liter farther west and north. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri844012","usgsCitation":"Broom, M.E., Kraemer, T.F., and Bush, W.V., 1984, A reconnaissance study of saltwater contamination in the El Dorado aquifer, Union County, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4012, v, 47 p. :ill., maps (some folded) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844012.","productDescription":"v, 47 p. :ill., maps (some folded) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4012/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55157,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4012/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a85ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broom, Matthew E.","contributorId":101668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broom","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kraemer, T. F.","contributorId":63400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraemer","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bush, William V.","contributorId":93536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bush","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":26477,"text":"wri844181 - 1984 - Potential effects of surface coal mining on the hydrology of the Circle West coal tracts, McCone County, eastern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri844181","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4181","title":"Potential effects of surface coal mining on the hydrology of the Circle West coal tracts, McCone County, eastern Montana","docAbstract":"The Circle West coal tracts in McCone County, Montana, contain about 460 million tons of recoverable coal reserves. Estimates of coal reserves for the tract are based predominantly on the S coal bed, which averages about 16 ft in thickness. About 175 million tons, or 38%, of the recoverable coal is Federally owned and has been identified for potential lease sale. A hydrologic study has been conducted in the potential lease area to describe existing hydrologic systems and to assess potential effects of surface coal mining on local water resources. Geohydrologic data collected from wells and drill holes indicate that shallow aquifers exist in sandstone and coal beds of the Tongue River Member of the Fort Union Formation (Paleocene age). These shallow aquifers generally have small values of hydraulic conductivity (0.1 to 380 ft/day) and typically yield from 2 to 20 gal/min to stock and domestic wells. Where coal is extremely fractured or the thickness of saturated sandstone is large, some wells can yield in excess of 70 gal/min. Chemical analyses indicate that most shallow aquifers contain a sodium sulfate bicarbonate type water. Surface water resources of the area consist of intermittent streamflow in parts of the Nelson and Timber Creek basins plus a large network of reservoirs. The reservoirs provide a large part of the water supply for area livestock and irrigation. Water quality data for Nelson and Timber Creeks indicate that the water generally is a sodium sulfate type and has a large concentration (181 to 6,960 mg/L) of dissolved solids. Mining of the S coal bed in the Circle West coal tracts would permanently remove shallow coal and sandstone aquifers, resulting in the loss of shallow stock wells. Mining would destroy livestock reservoirs, alter runoff characteristics of Nelson Creek, and temporarily lower water levels in shallow aquifers near the mine. Leaching of soluble constituents from mine spoils may cause a long-term degradation of the quality of water in shallow aquifers in and near the coal tracts. Some of the effects on local water supplies could be mitigated by development of alternative water resources in deeper aquifers such as the Tullock aquifer of Paleocene age and the Fox Hills-lower Hell Creek aquifer of Late Cretaceous age. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844181","usgsCitation":"Cannon, M.R., 1984, Potential effects of surface coal mining on the hydrology of the Circle West coal tracts, McCone County, eastern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4181, iv, 46 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844181.","productDescription":"iv, 46 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4181/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55298,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4181/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55299,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4181/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a60cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, M. R.","contributorId":99140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":12311,"text":"ofr84744 - 1984 - Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste; characterization of the Bonneville region, Utah and Nevada","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":12311,"text":"ofr84744 - 1984 - Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste; characterization of the Bonneville region, Utah and Nevada","indexId":"ofr84744","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste; characterization of the Bonneville region, Utah and Nevada"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":39656,"text":"pp1370G - 1990 - Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste - Characterization of the Bonneville region, Utah and Nevada","indexId":"pp1370G","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste - Characterization of the Bonneville region, Utah and Nevada"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":39656,"text":"pp1370G - 1990 - Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste - Characterization of the Bonneville region, Utah and Nevada","indexId":"pp1370G","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"title":"Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste - Characterization of the Bonneville region, Utah and Nevada"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-22T22:14:33.030517","indexId":"ofr84744","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-744","title":"Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste; characterization of the Bonneville region, Utah and Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr84744","usgsCitation":"1984, Studies of geology and hydrology in the Basin and Range Province, Southwestern United States, for isolation of high-level radioactive waste; characterization of the Bonneville region, Utah and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-744, Report: xvi, 139 p.; 6 Plates: 32.84 x 26.71 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84744.","productDescription":"Report: xvi, 139 p.; 6 Plates: 32.84 x 26.71 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":383528,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0744/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383527,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0744/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383526,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0744/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383525,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0744/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383524,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0744/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383523,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0744/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":383522,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0744/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145816,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0744/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Bonneville region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.16168212890625,\n              40.701463603604594\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.3843994140625,\n              40.701463603604594\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.3843994140625,\n              41.10212132036491\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.16168212890625,\n              41.10212132036491\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.16168212890625,\n              40.701463603604594\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a257","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bedinger, M. 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,{"id":11977,"text":"ofr84816 - 1984 - Climatic data for Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire, 1981-82","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:31","indexId":"ofr84816","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-816","title":"Climatic data for Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire, 1981-82","docAbstract":"Research on the hydrology of Mirror Lake, (north-central) New Hampshire includes study of evaporation. Presented here are those climatic data needed for energy-budget and mass-transfer studies, including: temperature of lake water surface, dry-bulb and wet-bulb air temperatures, wind speed, precipitation and solar radiation. Data are collected at raft and land stations. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr84816","usgsCitation":"Sturrock, A., Buso, D., Bieber, G., Engelbrecht, L., and Winter, T.C., 1984, Climatic data for Mirror Lake, West Thornton, New Hampshire, 1981-82: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-816, 56 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84816.","productDescription":"56 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143741,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0816/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39971,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0816/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4885e4b07f02db5192b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sturrock, A.M.","contributorId":25947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturrock","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buso, D.C.","contributorId":31392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buso","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bieber, G.M.","contributorId":64090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bieber","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engelbrecht, L.G.","contributorId":53227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engelbrecht","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":23485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":30136,"text":"wri834118C - 1984 - Maps showing distribution of dissolved solids and dominant chemical type in ground water, Basin and Range Province, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T12:30:18","indexId":"wri834118C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4118","chapter":"C","title":"Maps showing distribution of dissolved solids and dominant chemical type in ground water, Basin and Range Province, New Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>This map report is one of a series of geologic and hydrologic maps of States in the Basin and Range Province. These map reports contain information on ground-water hydrology, ground-water quality, surface distribution of selected rock types, data on tectonic conditions, areal geophysical data, Pleistocene lakes and marshes and natural resources. This information is the basis for a summary report that characterizes the Basin and Range Province. The geologic and hydrologic characterization will be used to evaluate the Province for prospective regions for further study relative to isolation of high-level radioactive waste. (Bedinger, Sargent and Reed, 1984).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri834118C","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Mexico Energy and Minerals Department and the New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources","usgsCitation":"Thompson, T., Chappell, R., and Hart, D.L., 1984, Maps showing distribution of dissolved solids and dominant chemical type in ground water, Basin and Range Province, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4118, Report: 5 p.; 2 Plates: 41.02 x 52.81 inches and 38.71 x 54.54 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834118C.","productDescription":"Report: 5 p.; 2 Plates: 41.02 x 52.81 inches and 38.71 x 54.54 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":58945,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4118c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":358943,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4118c/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119544,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4118c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":358944,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4118c/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"500000","datum":"National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929","country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109,\n              31.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.8,\n              31.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.8,\n              36\n            ],\n            [\n              -109,\n              36\n            ],\n            [\n              -109,\n              31.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605744","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, Thomas H.","contributorId":20748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Thomas H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chappell, Richard","contributorId":53845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chappell","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hart, Donald L. Jr.","contributorId":89946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Donald","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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