Stream-channel cross-section survey data are a fundamental component to studies of fluvial geomorphology. Such data provide important parameters required by many open-channel flow models, sediment-transport equations, sediment-budget computations, and flood-hazard assessments. At Mount St. Helens, Washington, the long-term response of channels to the May 18, 1980, eruption, which dramatically altered the hydrogeomorphic regime of several drainages, is documented by an exceptional time series of repeat stream-channel cross-section surveys. More than 300 cross sections, most established shortly following the eruption, represent more than 100 kilometers of surveyed topography. Although selected cross sections have been published previously in print form, we present a comprehensive digital database that includes geospatial and tabular data. Furthermore, survey data are referenced to a common geographic projection and to common datums. Database design, maintenance, and data dissemination are accomplished through a geographic information system (GIS) platform, which integrates survey data acquired with theodolite, total station, and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) instrumentation. Users can interactively perform advanced queries and geospatial time-series analysis. An accuracy assessment provides users the ability to quantify uncertainty within these data. At the time of publication, this project is ongoing. Regular database updates are expected; users are advised to confirm they are using the latest version.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds951","usgsCitation":"Mosbrucker, A.R., Spicer, K.R., Major, J.J., Saunders, D.R., Christianson, T.S., and Kingsbury, C.G., 2015, Digital database of channel cross-section surveys, Mount St. Helens, Washington (ver. 1.1, April 2018): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 951, 9 p. and supplemental data, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds951.","productDescription":"Report: v, 9 p.; Metadata; ReadMe; Spatial Data; Version History","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-058438","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306477,"rank":5,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0951/ds951.zip","text":"Digital cross-section data","size":"9.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"Data include geospatial and tabular files (_.shp, _.lyr, _.xls, _.jpg) as well as an ArcGIS Published Map file (_.pmf)"},{"id":306475,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0951/1_readme.txt","text":"README","size":"4 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"README file"},{"id":306474,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0951/ds951v1.1.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 951 Version 1.1"},{"id":353588,"rank":6,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0951/versionHist.txt","description":"Version History"},{"id":306476,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0951/fgdc_metadata.txt","text":"FGDC Metadata","size":"14 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"FGDC compliant metadata file for the ESRI shapefiles"},{"id":306473,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0951/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.95373535156249,\n 46.069419674968536\n ],\n [\n -121.91390991210938,\n 46.144637225509136\n ],\n [\n -121.92352294921874,\n 46.1893382140708\n ],\n [\n -121.90841674804686,\n 46.2397021362749\n ],\n [\n -121.95785522460936,\n 46.28432584258847\n ],\n [\n -122.05123901367186,\n 46.32891323009468\n ],\n [\n -122.08831787109375,\n 46.391464001559086\n ],\n [\n -122.14187622070311,\n 46.39904104733026\n ],\n [\n -122.16110229492186,\n 46.45394316729876\n ],\n [\n -122.26821899414061,\n 46.45772748219606\n ],\n [\n -122.35610961914062,\n 46.46813299215554\n ],\n [\n -122.40142822265625,\n 46.49650154751426\n ],\n [\n -122.44537353515625,\n 46.524855311033434\n ],\n [\n -122.50991821289062,\n 46.53619267489863\n ],\n [\n -122.53463745117186,\n 46.52013071095869\n ],\n [\n -122.56484985351561,\n 46.497446911273606\n ],\n [\n -122.59780883789061,\n 46.494610770689384\n ],\n [\n -122.64312744140624,\n 46.48704700597017\n ],\n [\n -122.71865844726561,\n 46.47191632087041\n ],\n [\n -122.80517578125,\n 46.428392162921234\n ],\n [\n -122.89581298828125,\n 46.41892578708076\n ],\n [\n -123.0084228515625,\n 46.42271253466719\n ],\n [\n -123.05511474609375,\n 46.3810438458062\n ],\n [\n -123.0743408203125,\n 46.322274857040235\n ],\n [\n -123.04962158203124,\n 46.27673288302042\n ],\n [\n -122.96722412109374,\n 46.22735299655779\n ],\n [\n -122.81616210937499,\n 46.231153027822046\n ],\n [\n -122.76397705078124,\n 46.18743678432541\n ],\n [\n -122.684326171875,\n 46.14178273759234\n ],\n [\n -122.55249023437501,\n 46.115133713265415\n ],\n [\n -122.36022949218749,\n 46.117037642576875\n ],\n [\n -122.22290039062499,\n 46.08847179577592\n ],\n [\n -122.13226318359375,\n 46.08085173686787\n ],\n [\n -121.9976806640625,\n 46.057985244793024\n ],\n [\n -121.95373535156249,\n 46.069419674968536\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally released August 6, 2015; Version 1.1: April 18, 2018","contact":"Contact CVO
Volcano Science Center, Cascades Volcano Observatory
U.S. Geological Survey
1300 SE Cardinal Court, Building 10, Ste 100
Vancouver, WA 98683-9589
Recent advances in fluorometry have led to increased use of rhodamine WT as a tracer in streams and rivers. In light of this increased use, a review of the dye's behavior in freshwater systems is presented. Studies in the groundwater literature indicate that rhodamine WT is transported nonconservatively, with sorption removing substantial amounts of tracer mass. Column studies document a two-step breakthrough curve in which two structural isomers are chromatographically separated. Although the potential for nonconservative transport is acknowledged in the surface water literature, many studies assume that sorptive losses will not affect the characterization of physical transport processes. A literature review and modeling analysis indicates that this assumption is valid for quantification of physical properties that are based on the bulk of the tracer mass (traveltime), and invalid for the characterization of processes represented by the tracer tail (transient storage attributable to hyporheic exchange). Rhodamine WT should be considered nonconservative in the hyporheic zone due to nonconservative behavior demonstrated for similar conditions in groundwater. As such, rhodamine WT should not be used as a quantitative tracer in hyporheic zone investigations, including the study of long flow paths and the development of models describing hyporheic zone processes. Rhodamine WT may be used to qualitatively characterize storage in large systems, where there are few practical alternatives. Qualitative investigations should rely on early portions of the tracer profile, making use of the temporal resolution afforded by in situ fluorometry, while discarding later parts of the tracer profile that are adversely affected by sorption.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015WR017201","usgsCitation":"Runkel, R.L., 2015, On the use of rhodamine WT for the characterization of stream hydrodynamics and transient storage: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 8, p. 6125-6142, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017201.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"6125","endPage":"6142","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064798","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471890,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017201","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":309527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560faacce4b0ba4884c5eec7","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2015wr017201","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017201","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Runkel Robert L.","journalName":"Water Resources Research","publicationDate":"8/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70155172,"text":"70155172 - 2015 - Distribution of near-surface permafrost in Alaska: estimates of present and future conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T09:59:27","indexId":"70155172","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-05T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of near-surface permafrost in Alaska: estimates of present and future conditions","docAbstract":"High-latitude regions are experiencing rapid and extensive changes in ecosystem composition and function as the result of increases in average air temperature. Increasing air temperatures have led to widespread thawing and degradation of permafrost, which in turn has affected ecosystems, socioeconomics, and the carbon cycle of high latitudes. Here we overcome complex interactions among surface and subsurface conditions to map nearsurface permafrost through decision and regression tree approaches that statistically and spatially extend field observations using remotely sensed imagery, climatic data, and thematic maps of a wide range of surface and subsurface biophysical characteristics. The data fusion approach generated medium-resolution (30-m pixels) maps of near-surface (within 1 m) permafrost, active-layer thickness, and associated uncertainty estimates throughout mainland Alaska. Our calibrated models (overall test accuracy of ~85%) were used to quantify changes in permafrost distribution under varying future climate scenarios assuming no other changes in biophysical factors. Models indicate that near-surface permafrost underlies 38% of mainland Alaska and that near-surface permafrost will disappear on 16 to 24% of the landscape by the end of the 21st Century. Simulations suggest that near-surface permafrost degradation is more probable in central regions of Alaska than more northerly regions. Taken together, these results have obvious implications for potential remobilization of frozen soil carbon pools under warmer temperatures. Additionally, warmer and drier conditions may increase fire activity and severity, which may exacerbate rates of permafrost thaw and carbon remobilization relative to climate alone. The mapping of permafrost distribution across Alaska is important for land-use planning, environmental assessments, and a wide-array of geophysical studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2015.07.019","usgsCitation":"Pastick, N.J., Jorgenson, M., Wylie, B.K., Nield, S.J., Johnson, K.D., and Finley, A., 2015, Distribution of near-surface permafrost in Alaska: estimates of present and future conditions: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 168, p. 301-315, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.07.019.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"315","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066157","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471892,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.07.019","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306428,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -140.9326171875,\n 69.7485511291223\n ],\n [\n -142.9541015625,\n 70.1403642720717\n ],\n [\n -156.6650390625,\n 71.46912418989677\n ],\n [\n -162.2900390625,\n 70.42207856801004\n ],\n [\n -166.81640625,\n 69.06856318696033\n ],\n [\n -167.5634765625,\n 68.25311055665718\n ],\n [\n -168.662109375,\n 65.58572002329473\n ],\n [\n -166.3330078125,\n 60.65164736580915\n ],\n [\n -162.24609375,\n 58.309488840677645\n ],\n [\n -158.642578125,\n 57.89149735271031\n ],\n [\n -166.025390625,\n 54.80068486732233\n ],\n [\n -164.70703125,\n 53.80065082633023\n ],\n [\n -155.7421875,\n 57.040729838360875\n ],\n [\n -154.0283203125,\n 56.145549500679074\n ],\n [\n -151.1279296875,\n 57.7041472343419\n ],\n [\n -150.46875,\n 59.28833169203345\n ],\n [\n -145.5908203125,\n 60.08676274626006\n ],\n [\n -141.7236328125,\n 59.55659188568175\n ],\n [\n -137.5927734375,\n 58.0546319113729\n ],\n [\n -132.2314453125,\n 53.72271667491848\n ],\n [\n -129.0234375,\n 55.60317816902704\n ],\n [\n -135,\n 59.977005492196\n ],\n [\n -137.3291015625,\n 59.24341475839977\n ],\n [\n -138.8671875,\n 60.392147922518845\n ],\n [\n -140.888671875,\n 60.43554230669233\n ],\n [\n -140.9326171875,\n 69.7485511291223\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"168","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c325a5e4b033ef52106a63","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2015.07.019","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.07.019","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Pastick Neal J., Jorgenson M. Torre, Wylie Bruce K., Nield Shawn J., Johnson Kristofer D., Finley Andrew O.","journalName":"Remote Sensing of Environment","publicationDate":"10/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pastick, Neal J. 0000-0002-8169-3018 njpastick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8169-3018","contributorId":4785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pastick","given":"Neal","email":"njpastick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jorgenson, M. Torre","contributorId":34848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M. 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Ingested nitrate can lead to the endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds, potent carcinogens. We developed a predictive model for nitrate concentrations in private wells in Iowa. Using 34,084 measurements of nitrate in private wells, we trained and tested random forest models to predict log nitrate levels by systematically assessing the predictive performance of 179 variables in 36 thematic groups (well depth, distance to sinkholes, location, land use, soil characteristics, nitrogen inputs, meteorology, and other factors). The final model contained 66 variables in 17 groups. Some of the most important variables were well depth, slope length within 1 km of the well, year of sample, and distance to nearest animal feeding operation. The correlation between observed and estimated nitrate concentrations was excellent in the training set (r-square = 0.77) and was acceptable in the testing set (r-square = 0.38). The random forest model had substantially better predictive performance than a traditional linear regression model or a regression tree. Our model will be used to investigate the association between nitrate levels in drinking water and cancer risk in the Iowa participants of the Agricultural Health Study cohort.
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R.","contributorId":80151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flory","given":"Abigail","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DellaValle, Curt T.","contributorId":146298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DellaValle","given":"Curt","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ward, Mary H.","contributorId":92550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155222,"text":"70155222 - 2015 - Estimating the phenology of elk brucellosis transmission with hierarchical models of cause-specific and baseline hazards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:48:52","indexId":"70155222","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-05T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the phenology of elk brucellosis transmission with hierarchical models of cause-specific and baseline hazards","docAbstract":"Understanding the seasonal timing of disease transmission can lead to more effective control strategies, but the seasonality of transmission is often unknown for pathogens transmitted directly. We inserted vaginal implant transmitters (VITs) in 575 elk (Cervus elaphus canadensis) from 2006 to 2014 to assess when reproductive failures (i.e., abortions or still births) occur, which is the primary transmission route of Brucella abortus, the causative agent of brucellosis in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Using a survival analysis framework, we developed a Bayesian hierarchical model that simultaneously estimated the total baseline hazard of a reproductive event as well as its 2 mutually exclusive parts (abortions or live births). Approximately, 16% (95% CI = 0.10, 0.23) of the pregnant seropositive elk had reproductive failures, whereas 2% (95% CI = 0.01, 0.04) of the seronegative elk had probable abortions. Reproductive failures could have occurred as early as 13 February and as late as 10 July, peaking from March through May. Model results suggest that less than 5% of likely abortions occurred after 6 June each year and abortions were approximately 5 times more likely in March, April, or May compared to February or June. In western Wyoming, supplemental feeding of elk begins in December and ends during the peak of elk abortions and brucellosis transmission (i.e., Mar and Apr). Years with more snow may enhance elk-to-elk transmission on supplemental feeding areas because elk are artificially aggregated for the majority of the transmission season. Elk-to-cattle transmission will depend on the transmission period relative to the end of the supplemental feeding season, elk seroprevalence, population size, and the amount of commingling. Our statistical approach allowed us to estimate the probability density function of different event types over time, which may be applicable to other cause-specific survival analyses. It is often challenging to assess the cause of death, or in this case whether the reproductive event was an abortion or live birth. Accounting for uncertainty in the event type is an important future addition to our methodological approach.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.883","usgsCitation":"Cross, P.C., Maichak, E., Rogerson, J., Irvine, K.M., Jones, J.D., Heisey, D.M., Edwards, W.H., and Scurlock, B.M., 2015, Estimating the phenology of elk brucellosis transmission with hierarchical models of cause-specific and baseline hazards: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 5, p. 739-748, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.883.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"739","endPage":"748","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059380","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306419,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 42.39506551565123\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 44.32384807250689\n ],\n [\n -108.6328125,\n 44.32384807250689\n ],\n [\n -108.6328125,\n 42.39506551565123\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 42.39506551565123\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c325a7e4b033ef52106a69","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/jwmg.883","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.883","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Cross Paul C., Maichak Eric J., Rogerson Jared D., Irvine Kathryn M., Jones Jennifer D., Heisey Dennis M., Edwards William H., Scurlock Brandon M.","journalName":"The Journal of Wildlife Management","publicationDate":"4/20/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maichak, Eric","contributorId":36826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maichak","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rogerson, Jared D.","contributorId":106401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogerson","given":"Jared D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Irvine, Kathryn M. 0000-0002-6426-940X kirvine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6426-940X","contributorId":2218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irvine","given":"Kathryn","email":"kirvine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jones, Jennifer D.","contributorId":145754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16227,"text":"Institute on Ecosystems,Montana State University MT, 59715 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Heisey, Dennis M. dheisey@usgs.gov","contributorId":2455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heisey","given":"Dennis","email":"dheisey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Edwards, William H.","contributorId":9144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Scurlock, Brandon M.","contributorId":93788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurlock","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6917,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Laramie, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70146539,"text":"70146539 - 2015 - Stratigraphy and structural development of the southwest Isla Tiburón marine basin: Implications for latest Miocene tectonic opening and flooding of the northern Gulf of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-31T10:07:27","indexId":"70146539","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-05T06:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphy and structural development of the southwest Isla Tiburón marine basin: Implications for latest Miocene tectonic opening and flooding of the northern Gulf of California","docAbstract":"Accurate information on the timing of earliest marine incursion into the Gulf of California (northwestern México) is critical for paleogeographic models and for understanding the spatial and temporal evolution of strain accommodation across the obliquely divergent Pacific-North America plate boundary. Marine strata exposed on southwest Isla Tiburón (SWIT) have been cited as evidence for a middle Miocene marine incursion into the Gulf of California at least 7 m.y. prior to plate boundary localization ca. 6 Ma. A middle Miocene interpretation for SWIT marine deposits has played a large role in subsequent interpretations of regional tectonics and rift evolution, the ages of marine basins containing similar fossil assemblages along ~1300 km of the plate boundary, and the timing of marine incursion into the Gulf of California. We report new detailed geologic mapping and geochronologic data from the SWIT basin, an elongate sedimentary basin associated with deformation along the dextral-oblique La Cruz fault. We integrate these results with previously published biostratigraphic and geochronologic data to bracket the age of marine deposits in the SWIT basin and show that they have a total maximum thickness of ~300 m. The 6.44 ± 0.05 Ma (Ar/Ar) tuff of Hast Pitzcal is an ash-flow tuff stratigraphically below the oldest marine strata, and the 6.01 ± 0.20 Ma (U/Pb) tuff of Oyster Amphitheater, also an ash-flow tuff, is interbedded with marine conglomerate near the base of the marine section. A dike-fed rhyodacite lava flow that caps all marine strata yields ages of 3.51 ± 0.05 Ma (Ar/Ar) and 4.13 ± 0.09 Ma (U/Pb) from the base of the flow, consistent with previously reported ages of 4.16 ± 1.81 Ma (K-Ar) from the flow top and (K-Ar) 3.7 ± 0.9 Ma from the feeder dike. Our new results confirm a latest Miocene to early Pliocene age for the SWIT marine basin, consistent with previously documented latest Miocene to early Pliocene (ca. 6.2-4.3 Ma) planktonic and benthic foraminifera from this section. Results from biostratigraphy and geochronology thus constrain earliest marine deposition on SWIT to ca. 6.2 ± 0.2 Ma, coincident with a regional-scale latest Miocene marine incursion into the northern proto-Gulf of California. This regional marine incursion flooded the northernmost, >500-km-long portion of the Gulf of California shear zone, a narrow belt of localized strike-slip faulting, clockwise block rotation, and subsiding pull-apart basins. Oblique Pacific-North America relative plate motion gradually localized in the >1000-km-long Gulf of California shear zone ca. 9-6 Ma, subsequently permitting the punctuated south to north flooding of the incipient Gulf of California seaway.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/GES01153.1","usgsCitation":"Bennett, S.E., Oskin, M., Dorsey, R., Iriondo, A., and Kunk, M.J., 2015, Stratigraphy and structural development of the southwest Isla Tiburón marine basin: Implications for latest Miocene tectonic opening and flooding of the northern Gulf of California: Geosphere, v. 11, no. 4, p. 977-1007, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01153.1.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"977","endPage":"1007","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064931","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471895,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01153.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308040,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.51025390625,\n 31.653381399664\n ],\n [\n -113.84033203125,\n 32.30570601389429\n ],\n [\n -105.66650390625,\n 23.0999442125314\n ],\n [\n -109.8193359375,\n 21.881889807629282\n ],\n [\n -115.51025390625,\n 31.653381399664\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f15833e4b0dacf699eb981","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, Scott E.K. 0000-0002-9772-4122 sekbennett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-4122","contributorId":5340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Scott","email":"sekbennett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.K.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oskin, Michael","contributorId":140301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oskin","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dorsey, Rebecca","contributorId":140302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dorsey","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iriondo, Alexander","contributorId":23619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iriondo","given":"Alexander","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kunk, Michael J. 0000-0003-4424-7825 mkunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4424-7825","contributorId":200968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunk","given":"Michael","email":"mkunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70156056,"text":"70156056 - 2015 - Evaluation of autonomous recording units for detecting 3 species of secretive marsh birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T11:29:28","indexId":"70156056","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-05T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of autonomous recording units for detecting 3 species of secretive marsh birds","docAbstract":"Population status and habitat use of yellow rails (Coturnicops noveboracensis), Nelson's sparrows (Ammodramus nelsoni), and Le Conte's sparrows (A. leconteii) are poorly known, so standardized surveys of these species are needed to inform conservation planning and management. A protocol for monitoring secretive marsh birds exists; however, these species regularly call at night and may be missed during early morning surveys. We tested the effectiveness of autonomous recording units (hereafter, recording units) to survey these species by analyzing recorded vocalizations using bioacoustics software. We deployed 22 recording units at 54 sites in northern Minnesota and eastern North Dakota, USA, and conducted traditional broadcast surveys during May–June, 2010 and 2011. We compared detection probabilities between recording units and standard monitoring protocols using robust-design occupancy models. On average, recording units detected 0.59 (SE = 0.11) fewer Le Conte's sparrows, 0.76 (SE = 0.15) fewer Nelson's sparrows, and 1.01 (SE = 0.14) fewer yellow rails per survey than were detected using the standard protocol. Detection probabilities using the standard protocol averaged 0.95 (yellow rail; 95% CI = 0.86–0.98), 0.93 (Le Conte's sparrow; 95% CI = 0.78–0.98), and 0.89 (Nelson's sparrow; 95% CI = 0.56–0.98), but averaged 0.71 (yellow rail; 95% CI = 0.56–0.83), 0.61 (Le Conte's sparrow; 95% CI = 0.42–0.78), and 0.51 (Nelson's sparrow; 95% CI = 0.19–0.82) using recording units. Reduced detection by recording units was likely due to the ability of human listeners to identify birds calling at greater distances. Recording units may be effective for surveying nocturnal secretive marsh birds if investigators correct for differential detectability. Reduced detectability may be outweighed by the increased spatial and temporal coverage feasible with recording units.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","doi":"10.1002/wsb.569","usgsCitation":"Sidie-Slettehahl, A.M., Jensen, K.C., Johnson, R.R., Arnold, T.W., Austin, J.E., and Stafford, J.D., 2015, Evaluation of autonomous recording units for detecting 3 species of secretive marsh birds: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 39, no. 3, p. 626-634, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.569.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"626","endPage":"634","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057612","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499975,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/ec8da3502f5b4f5ea0904afdd3afae75","text":"External Repository"},{"id":306762,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, North Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.3056640625,\n 46.604167162931844\n ],\n [\n -98.3056640625,\n 48.98742700601184\n ],\n [\n -93.482666015625,\n 48.98742700601184\n ],\n [\n -93.482666015625,\n 46.604167162931844\n ],\n [\n -98.3056640625,\n 46.604167162931844\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7eed3e4b0bc0bec09ed1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sidie-Slettehahl, Anna M.","contributorId":146412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sidie-Slettehahl","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16687,"text":"Department of Natural Resource Management, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, Kent C.","contributorId":66530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Kent","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16687,"text":"Department of Natural Resource Management, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Rex R.","contributorId":69446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Rex","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arnold, Todd W.","contributorId":36058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnold","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12644,"text":"University of Minnesota, St. Paul","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Austin, Jane E. 0000-0001-8775-2210 jaustin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8775-2210","contributorId":146411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"Jane","email":"jaustin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stafford, Joshua D. jstafford@usgs.gov","contributorId":4267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"Joshua","email":"jstafford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70147550,"text":"sir20155060 - 2015 - A water-budget approach to estimating potential groundwater recharge from two domestic sewage disposal fields in eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2011-12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-05T09:01:40","indexId":"sir20155060","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-04T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5060","title":"A water-budget approach to estimating potential groundwater recharge from two domestic sewage disposal fields in eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2011-12","docAbstract":"Eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, is a historically rural area that in recent years has experienced an increase in population and in the construction of new housing units, most of which are not connected to a centralized wastewater treatment system. Increasing water use has raised concerns about the effect of development on the available groundwater resources in the area. During 2011–12, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Bernalillo County Public Works Natural Resource Services, used a water-budget approach to quantify the amount of potential groundwater recharge occurring from the domestic sewage (effluent) dosed to the sewage disposal field at two locations—sites A and B—in eastern Bernalillo County, N. Mex. The amount of effluent that is potentially available for groundwater recharge was determined as the mean daily volume of effluent dosed to the disposal field in excess of the mean daily volume of effluent loss from evapotranspiration from the disposal field.
\nDuring this study, the disposal fields at sites A and B received a measured volume of effluent from two-person domestic residences equipped with an onsite low-pressure dosing system. A combined evapotranspiration measurement and modeling technique was used to estimate the amount of evapotranspirative loss from the disposal field and from the surrounding terrain. A portable hemispherical flux chamber was used to measure evapotranspiration at fixed locations on the disposal fields and on the surrounding terrain at sites A and B. Data from hemispherical flux chamber measurements were used to calibrate a Penman-Monteith modeled evapotranspiration rate on the disposal field and on the surrounding terrain at site A from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2011, and from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2012, and at site B from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2011. Micrometeorological and soil data from instrumentation on the disposal fields and on the surrounding terrain at sites A and B were used as input data into the Penman-Monteith equation. The mean potential recharge from disposal field effluent during 2011–12 at sites A and B was 63 percent of the volume of effluent dosed to the disposal field.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155060","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Bernalillo County Public Works Natural Resource Services","usgsCitation":"Crilley, D.M., and Collison, J.W., 2015, A water-budget approach to estimating potential groundwater recharge from two domestic sewage disposal fields in eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2011–12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5060, 32 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155060.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 32 p.; Appendices","numberOfPages":"45","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-035366","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306379,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5060/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":306381,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5060/sir20155060_appendixes.xlsx","text":"Appendixes","size":"18.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2015-5060 Appendixes"},{"id":306380,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5060/sir20155060.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.61 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5060"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Bernalillo County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.1661376953125,\n 34.854382885097905\n ],\n [\n -107.1661376953125,\n 35.22094130403182\n ],\n [\n -106.13616943359375,\n 35.22094130403182\n ],\n [\n -106.13616943359375,\n 34.854382885097905\n ],\n [\n -107.1661376953125,\n 34.854382885097905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5338 Montgomery Blvd NE, Suite 400
Albuquerque, NM 87109
http://nm.water.usgs.gov/
Flow paths and residence times in the hyporheic zone are known to influence biogeochemical processes such as nitrification and denitrification. The exchange across the sediment-water interface may involve mixing of surface water and groundwater through complex hyporheic flow paths that contribute to highly variable biogeochemically active zones. Despite the recognition of these patterns in the literature, conceptualization and analysis of flow paths and nitrogen transformations beneath riffle-pool sequences often neglect to consider bed form driven exchange along the entire reach. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) were monitored in the hyporheic zone beneath a riffle-pool sequence on a losing section of the Truckee River, NV. Spatially-varying hyporheic exchange and the occurrence of multi-scale hyporheic mixing cells are shown to influence concentrations of DO and NO3- and the mean residence time (MRT) of riffle and pool areas. Distinct patterns observed in piezometers are shown to be influenced by the first large flow event following a steady 8 month period of low flow conditions. Increases in surface water discharge resulted in reversed hydraulic gradients and production of nitrate through nitrification at small vertical spatial scales (0.10 to 0.25 m) beneath the sediment-water interface. In areas with high downward flow rates and low MRT, denitrification may be limited. The use of a longitudinal two-dimensional flow model helped identify important mechanisms such as multi-scale hyporheic mixing cells and spatially varying MRT, an important driver for nitrogen transformation in the riverbed. Our observations of DO and NO3- concentrations and model simulations highlight the role of multi-scale hyporheic mixing cells on MRT and nitrogen transformations in the hyporheic zone of riffle-pool sequences. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014WR016593","usgsCitation":"Naranjo, R.C., Niswonger, R., and Clinton Davis, 2015, Mixing effects on nitrogen and oxygen concentrations and the relationship to mean residence time in a hyporheic zone of a riffle-pool sequence: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 9, p. 7202-7217, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016593.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"7202","endPage":"7217","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060513","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471897,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014wr016593","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306761,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cf112be4b01487cbfc77bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naranjo, Ramon C. 0000-0003-4469-6831 rnaranjo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-6831","contributorId":3391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naranjo","given":"Ramon","email":"rnaranjo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Niswonger, Richard G. rniswon@usgs.gov","contributorId":140377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niswonger","given":"Richard G.","email":"rniswon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clinton Davis","contributorId":146410,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clinton Davis","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159944,"text":"70159944 - 2015 - Selection of vegetation types and density of bison in an arid ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-13T12:18:13","indexId":"70159944","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selection of vegetation types and density of bison in an arid ecosystem","docAbstract":"Understanding species habitat selection and factors that drive selection are key components for conservation. We report the first resource selection functions (RSFs) for bison inhabiting an arid ecosystem and use them with density estimates of bison to estimate the number of bison that could be supported if the bison range were expanded to federal lands in the San Luis Valley of Colorado. We derived RSFs for vegetation types using locations of plains bison collected weekly over 3 years from 2005 to 2007. Bison selected for wet or mesic grassland habitats in all seasons. Wetland selection by bison was predicted to be 18 times greater than that of rabbitbrush vegetation, the reference category, and selection of meadows was predicted to be 11 times greater than that of the rabbitbrush type. Willow-dominated plant communities were strongly avoided. Cottonwood communities were also avoided, with the exception of some moderate levels of selection in fall. The willow and cottonwood communities have an understory with low biomass of herbaceous species and low productivity in this arid system. Based on the RSFs we predicted that in the San Luis Valley of Colorado up to 2,379 bison could be supported in similar habitats under Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) jurisdiction, and up to 759 bison could be supported on adjacent National Park Service (NPS) land. This modeling framework provides a conservation tool for the restoration of bison to their historical habitats, and has utility for application to other terrestrial species where assumptions are met.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.940","usgsCitation":"Schoenecker, K.A., Zeigenfuss, L., Nielsen, S.E., and Pague, C., 2015, Selection of vegetation types and density of bison in an arid ecosystem: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 7, p. 1117-1128, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.940.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1117","endPage":"1128","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053381","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311942,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Luis Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.655517578125,\n 37.94203148678865\n ],\n [\n -105.49621582031249,\n 37.814123701604466\n ],\n [\n -105.567626953125,\n 37.67295135774715\n ],\n [\n -105.60882568359375,\n 37.640334898059486\n ],\n [\n -105.611572265625,\n 37.483576550426996\n ],\n [\n -105.8587646484375,\n 37.48139702942734\n ],\n [\n -105.86151123046875,\n 37.55328764595765\n ],\n [\n -106.1553955078125,\n 37.59682400108367\n ],\n [\n -106.33941650390625,\n 37.612055711412815\n ],\n [\n -106.32843017578125,\n 37.96801944035648\n ],\n [\n -106.2542724609375,\n 38.07404145941957\n ],\n [\n -106.2322998046875,\n 38.182068998322094\n ],\n [\n -106.0784912109375,\n 38.153997218446115\n ],\n [\n -105.96038818359375,\n 38.20365531807149\n ],\n [\n -106.06201171875,\n 38.36965556758702\n ],\n [\n -106.05926513671875,\n 38.41486245064945\n ],\n [\n -105.75164794921875,\n 38.09133660751176\n ],\n [\n -105.6610107421875,\n 37.95286091815649\n ],\n [\n -105.655517578125,\n 37.94203148678865\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5662c759e4b06a3ea36c67c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoenecker, Kathryn A. 0000-0001-9906-911X schoeneckerk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9906-911X","contributorId":2001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoenecker","given":"Kathryn","email":"schoeneckerk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zeigenfuss, Linda 0000-0002-6700-8563 linda_zeigenfuss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6700-8563","contributorId":2079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeigenfuss","given":"Linda","email":"linda_zeigenfuss@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nielsen, Scott E.","contributorId":65190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pague, Chris","contributorId":150245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pague","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70155926,"text":"ofr20151150 - 2015 - Literature review of giant gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) biology and conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-04T08:42:36","indexId":"ofr20151150","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-03T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1150","title":"Literature review of giant gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) biology and conservation","docAbstract":"This report reviews the available literature on giant gartersnakes (Thamnophis gigas) to compile existing information on this species and identify knowledge gaps that, if addressed, would help to inform conservation efforts for giant gartersnakes. Giant gartersnakes comprise a species of semi-aquatic snake precinctive to wetlands in the Central Valley of California. The diversion of surface water and conversion of wetlands to agricultural and other land uses resulted in the loss of more than 90 percent of natural giant gartersnake habitats. Because of this habitat loss, giant gartersnakes are now listed by the United States and California Endangered Species Acts as Threatened. Most extant populations occur in the rice-growing regions of the Sacramento Valley, which comprises the northern portion of the giant gartersnake’s former range. The huge demand for water in California for agriculture, industry, recreation, and other human consumption, combined with periodic severe drought, places remaining giant gartersnake habitats at increased risk of degradation and loss. This literature review summarizes the available information on giant gartersnake distribution, habitat relations, behavior, demography, and other aspects of its biology relevant to conservation. This information is then compiled into a graphical conceptual model that indicates the importance of different aspects of giant gartersnake biology for maintaining positive population growth, and identifies those areas for which important information relevant for conservation is lacking. Directing research efforts toward these aspects of giant gartersnake ecology will likely result in improvements to conserving this unique species while meeting the high demands for water in California.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151150","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Halstead, B.J., Wylie, G.D., and Casazza, M.L., 2015, Literature review of giant gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) biology and conservation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1150, 38 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151150.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066657","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306301,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1150/ofr20151150.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1150"},{"id":306300,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1150/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
http://www.werc.usgs.gov/
Gas transport in the unsaturated zone affects contaminant flux and remediation, interpretation of groundwater travel times from atmospheric tracers, and mass budgets of environmentally important gases. Although unsaturated zone transport of gases is commonly treated as dominated by diffusion, the characteristics of transport in deep layered sediments remain uncertain. In this study, we use a multimodel approach to analyze results of a gas-tracer (SF6) test to clarify characteristics of gas transport in deep unsaturated alluvium. Thirty-five separate models with distinct diffusivity structures were calibrated to the tracer-test data and were compared on the basis of Akaike Information Criteria estimates of posterior model probability. Models included analytical and numerical solutions. Analytical models provided estimates of bulk-scale apparent diffusivities at the scale of tens of meters. Numerical models provided information on local-scale diffusivities and feasible lithological features producing the observed tracer breakthrough curves. The combined approaches indicate significant anisotropy of bulk-scale diffusivity, likely associated with high-diffusivity layers. Both approaches indicated that diffusivities in some intervals were greater than expected from standard models relating porosity to diffusivity. High apparent diffusivities and anisotropic diffusivity structures were consistent with previous observations at the study site of rapid lateral transport and limited vertical spreading of gas-phase contaminants. Additional processes such as advective oscillations may be involved. These results indicate that gases in deep, layered unsaturated zone sediments can spread laterally more quickly, and produce higher peak concentrations, than predicted by homogeneous, isotropic diffusion models.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014WR016055","usgsCitation":"Green, C., Walvoord, M.A., Andraski, B.J., Striegl, R.G., and Stonestrom, D.A., 2015, Multimodel analysis of anisotropic diffusive tracer-gas transport in a deep arid unsaturated zone: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 8, p. 6052-6073, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016055.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"6052","endPage":"6073","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057829","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014wr016055","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306760,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Armagosa Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.79977416992188,\n 37.17344871200958\n ],\n [\n -117.20489501953125,\n 36.84336173438382\n ],\n [\n -116.96319580078125,\n 36.62875385775956\n ],\n [\n -116.9110107421875,\n 36.47651531482943\n ],\n [\n -116.66244506835938,\n 36.25756282630298\n ],\n [\n -116.58554077148438,\n 36.25424062786422\n ],\n [\n -116.4111328125,\n 36.274171699242515\n ],\n [\n -116.3067626953125,\n 36.322870678512544\n ],\n [\n -116.25595092773438,\n 36.36269267819595\n ],\n [\n -116.21063232421875,\n 36.61662990355667\n ],\n [\n -116.32049560546875,\n 36.634264115641535\n ],\n [\n -116.46194458007812,\n 36.6320600597707\n ],\n [\n -116.48391723632811,\n 36.6739263393281\n ],\n [\n -116.50039672851561,\n 36.75098882435506\n ],\n [\n -116.5869140625,\n 36.94111143010772\n ],\n [\n -116.66107177734375,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n -116.79977416992188,\n 37.17344871200958\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cf112be4b01487cbfc77bf","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2014wr016055","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014wr016055","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Green Christopher T., Walvoord Michelle A., Andraski Brian J., Striegl Robert G., Stonestrom David A.","journalName":"Water Resources Research","publicationDate":"8/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, Christopher T. ctgreen@usgs.gov","contributorId":146339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Christopher T.","email":"ctgreen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70174022,"text":"70174022 - 2015 - Hail formation triggers rapid ash aggregation in volcanic plumes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-23T10:14:11","indexId":"70174022","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hail formation triggers rapid ash aggregation in volcanic plumes","docAbstract":"During explosive eruptions, airborne particles collide and stick together, accelerating the fallout of volcanic ash and climate-forcing aerosols. This aggregation process remains a major source of uncertainty both in ash dispersal forecasting and interpretation of eruptions from the geological record. Here we illuminate the mechanisms and timescales of particle aggregation from a well-characterized ‘wet’ eruption. The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano in Alaska incorporated water from the surface (in this case, a glacier), which is a common occurrence during explosive volcanism worldwide. Observations from C-band weather radar, fall deposits, and numerical modeling demonstrate that volcanic hail formed rapidly in the eruption plume, leading to mixed-phase aggregation of ~95% of the fine ash and stripping much of the cloud out of the atmosphere within 30 minutes. Based on these findings, we propose a mechanism of hail-like aggregation that contributes to the anomalously rapid fallout of fine ash and the occurrence of concentrically-layered aggregates in volcanic deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/ncomms8860","usgsCitation":"Van Eaton, A., Mastin, L.G., Herzog, M., Schwaiger, H.F., Schneider, D.J., Wallace, K.L., and Clarke, A.B., 2015, Hail formation triggers rapid ash aggregation in volcanic plumes: Nature Communications, v. 6, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8860.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065437","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8860","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324284,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324280,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nature.com/ncomms/2015/150803/ncomms8860/full/ncomms8860.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Redoubt Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.8912353515625,\n 60.411818175211664\n ],\n [\n -152.8912353515625,\n 60.53972302275651\n ],\n [\n -152.56645202636716,\n 60.53972302275651\n ],\n [\n -152.56645202636716,\n 60.411818175211664\n ],\n [\n -152.8912353515625,\n 60.411818175211664\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576d0831e4b07657d1a37565","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Eaton, Alexa R. 0000-0001-6646-4594 avaneaton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-4594","contributorId":140076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Eaton","given":"Alexa R.","email":"avaneaton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mastin, Larry G. 0000-0002-4795-1992 lgmastin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4795-1992","contributorId":555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mastin","given":"Larry","email":"lgmastin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herzog, M.","contributorId":92122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schwaiger, Hans F. 0000-0001-7397-8833 hschwaiger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7397-8833","contributorId":4108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwaiger","given":"Hans","email":"hschwaiger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schneider, David J. 0000-0001-9092-1054 djschneider@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-1054","contributorId":633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"David","email":"djschneider@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wallace, Kristi L. 0000-0002-0962-048X kwallace@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-048X","contributorId":3454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Kristi","email":"kwallace@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clarke, Amanda B","contributorId":172399,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clarke","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[{"id":12629,"text":"Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ (DETAIL TO BE ADDED)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70168479,"text":"70168479 - 2015 - Landscape and local effects on occupancy and densities of an endangered wood-warbler in an urbanizing landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-27T12:44:39","indexId":"70168479","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape and local effects on occupancy and densities of an endangered wood-warbler in an urbanizing landscape","docAbstract":"Golden-cheeked warblers (Setophaga chrysoparia), an endangered wood-warbler, breed exclusively in woodlands co-dominated by Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei) in central Texas. Their breeding range is becoming increasingly urbanized and habitat loss and fragmentation are a main threat to the species’ viability.
\nWe investigated the effects of remotely sensed local habitat and landscape attributes on point occupancy and density of warblers in an urban preserve and produced a spatially explicit density map for the preserve using model-supported relationships.
\nWe conducted 1507 point-count surveys during spring 2011–2014 across Balcones Canyonlands Preserve (BCP) to evaluate warbler habitat associations and predict density of males. We used hierarchical Bayesian models to estimate multiple components of detection probability and evaluate covariate effects on detection probability, point occupancy, and density.
\nPoint occupancy was positively related to landscape forest cover and local canopy cover; mean occupancy was 0.83. Density was influenced more by local than landscape factors. Density increased with greater amounts of juniper and mixed forest and decreased with more open edge. There was a weak negative relationship between density and landscape urban land cover.
\nLandscape composition and habitat structure were important determinants of warbler occupancy and density, and the large intact patches of juniper and mixed forest on BCP (>2100 ha) supported a high density of warblers. Increasing urbanization and fragmentation in the surrounding landscape will likely result in lower breeding density due to loss of juniper and mixed forest and increasing urban land cover and edge.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-015-0250-0","usgsCitation":"Reidy, J., Thompson III, F., Amundson, C.L., and O’Donnell, L., 2015, Landscape and local effects on occupancy and densities of an endangered wood-warbler in an urbanizing landscape: Landscape Ecology, v. 31, no. 2, p. 365-382, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-015-0250-0.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"365","endPage":"382","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063535","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318082,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Travis County","otherGeospatial":"Balcones Canyonlands Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.01040649414062,\n 30.234154095850688\n ],\n [\n -98.01040649414062,\n 30.57053816380884\n ],\n [\n -97.734375,\n 30.57053816380884\n ],\n [\n -97.734375,\n 30.234154095850688\n ],\n [\n -98.01040649414062,\n 30.234154095850688\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c4564ae4b0946c6521855e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reidy, Jennifer","contributorId":166951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reidy","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson III, Frank R.","contributorId":166950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson III","given":"Frank R.","affiliations":[{"id":5121,"text":"U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 1221 South Main Street, Moscow, ID 83843","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amundson, Courtney L. 0000-0002-0166-7224 camundson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0166-7224","contributorId":4833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amundson","given":"Courtney","email":"camundson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Donnell, Lisa","contributorId":166952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Lisa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24578,"text":"City of Austin, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168453,"text":"70168453 - 2015 - Tree mortality in mature riparian forest: Implications for Fremont cottonwood conservation in the American southwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-15T15:29:36","indexId":"70168453","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tree mortality in mature riparian forest: Implications for Fremont cottonwood conservation in the American southwest","docAbstract":"Mature tree mortality rates are poorly documented in desert riparian woodlands. I monitored deaths and calculated annual survivorship probability (Ps) in 2 groups of large (27–114 cm DBH), old (≥40 years old) Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii Wats.) in a stand along the free-flowing Yampa River in semiarid northwestern Colorado. Ps = 0.993 year-1 in a group (n = 126) monitored over 2003–2013, whereas Ps = 0.985 year-1 in a group (n = 179) monitored over the same period plus 3 earlier years (2000–2003) that included drought and a defoliating insect outbreak. Assuming Ps was the same for both groups during the 10-year postdrought period, the data indicate that Ps = 0.958 year-1 during the drought. I found no difference in canopy dieback level between male and female survivors. Mortality was equal among size classes, suggesting Ps is independent of age, but published longevity data imply that either Ps eventually declines with age or, as suggested in this study, periods with high Ps are interrupted by episodes of increased mortality. Stochastic population models featuring episodes of low Ps suggest a potential for an abrupt decline in mature tree numbers where recruitment is low. The modeling results have implications for woodland conservation, especially for relictual stands along regulated desert rivers.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Western North American Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Brigham Young University","publisherLocation":"Provo, UT","doi":"10.3398/064.075.0204","usgsCitation":"Andersen, D., 2015, Tree mortality in mature riparian forest: Implications for Fremont cottonwood conservation in the American southwest: Western North American Naturalist, v. 75, no. 2, p. 157-169, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.075.0204.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"169","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064513","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488417,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol75/iss2/3","text":"External Repository"},{"id":318031,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.06298828125,\n 40.99648401437787\n ],\n [\n -102.06298828125,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -109.1162109375,\n 36.98500309285596\n ],\n [\n -109.13818359375,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -102.06298828125,\n 40.99648401437787\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c304e0e4b0946c65208820","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andersen, Douglas doug_andersen@usgs.gov","contributorId":152661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"Douglas","email":"doug_andersen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70155813,"text":"70155813 - 2015 - Spatially explicit modeling of blackbird abundance in the Prairie Pothole Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-13T12:19:16","indexId":"70155813","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatially explicit modeling of blackbird abundance in the Prairie Pothole Region","docAbstract":"Knowledge of factors influencing animal abundance is important to wildlife biologists developing management plans. This is especially true for economically important species such as blackbirds (Icteridae), which cause more than $100 million in crop damages annually in the United States. Using data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey, the National Land Cover Dataset, and the National Climatic Data Center, we modeled effects of regional environmental variables on relative abundance of 3 blackbird species (red-winged blackbird,Agelaius phoeniceus; yellow-headed blackbird, Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus; common grackle, Quiscalus quiscula) in the Prairie Pothole Region of the central United States. We evaluated landscape covariates at 3 logarithmically related spatial scales (1,000 ha, 10,000 ha, and 100,000 ha) and modeled weather variables at the 100,000-ha scale. We constructed models a priori using information from published habitat associations. We fit models with WinBUGS using Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques. Both landscape and weather variables contributed strongly to predicting blackbird relative abundance (95% credibility interval did not overlap 0). Variables with the strongest associations with blackbird relative abundance were the percentage of wetland area and precipitation amount from the year before bird surveys were conducted. The influence of spatial scale appeared small—models with the same variables expressed at different scales were often in the best model subset. This large-scale study elucidated regional effects of weather and landscape variables, suggesting that management strategies aimed at reducing damages caused by these species should consider the broader landscape, including weather effects, because such factors may outweigh the influence of localized conditions or site-specific management actions. The regional species distributional models we developed for blackbirds provide a tool for understanding these broader landscape effects and guiding wildlife management practices to areas that are optimally beneficial. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.912","usgsCitation":"Forcey, G.M., Thogmartin, W.E., Linz, G.M., McKann, P., and Crimmins, S.M., 2015, Spatially explicit modeling of blackbird abundance in the Prairie Pothole Region: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 6, p. 1022-1033, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.912.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1022","endPage":"1033","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060021","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306544,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesotta, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.31298828125,\n 48.879167148960214\n ],\n [\n -112.87353515625,\n 48.151428143221224\n ],\n [\n -112.12646484375,\n 48.019324184801185\n ],\n [\n -111.90673828125,\n 47.5913464767971\n ],\n [\n -110.4345703125,\n 47.32393057095941\n ],\n [\n -105.93017578125,\n 47.29413372501023\n ],\n [\n -103.55712890625,\n 47.44294999517949\n ],\n [\n -102.1728515625,\n 47.11499982620772\n ],\n [\n -101.7333984375,\n 46.70973594407157\n ],\n [\n -101.6015625,\n 46.027481852486645\n ],\n [\n -101.3818359375,\n 45.67548217560647\n ],\n [\n -100.96435546875,\n 43.91372326852401\n ],\n [\n -99.140625,\n 41.52502957323801\n ],\n [\n -92.548828125,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -92.3291015625,\n 42.261049162113856\n ],\n [\n -91.95556640625,\n 43.61221676817573\n ],\n [\n -93.2958984375,\n 45.55252525134013\n ],\n [\n -97.75634765625,\n 48.48748647988415\n ],\n [\n -97.998046875,\n 49.023461463214126\n ],\n [\n -113.31298828125,\n 48.879167148960214\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c9cb38e4b08400b1fdb72b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Forcey, Greg M.","contributorId":82835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forcey","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linz, George M.","contributorId":32859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linz","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKann, Patrick C.","contributorId":14940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKann","given":"Patrick C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crimmins, Shawn M. 0000-0001-6229-5543 scrimmins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6229-5543","contributorId":5498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crimmins","given":"Shawn","email":"scrimmins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70156134,"text":"70156134 - 2015 - Mapping the 3-D extent of the Northern Lobe of the Bushveld layered mafic intrusion from geophysical data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-09T12:12:45","indexId":"70156134","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping the 3-D extent of the Northern Lobe of the Bushveld layered mafic intrusion from geophysical data","docAbstract":"Geophysical models image the 3D geometry of the mafic portion of the Bushveld Complex north of the Thabazimbi-Murchison Lineament (TML), critical for understanding the origin of the world's largest layered mafic intrusion and platinum group element deposits. The combination of the gravity and magnetic data with recent seismic, MT, borehole and rock property measurements powerfully constrains the models. The intrusion north of the TML is generally shallowly buried (generally <1500 m) with a modeled area of ∼160 km × ∼125 km. The modeled thicknesses are not well constrained but vary from ∼<1000 to >12,000 m, averaging ∼4000 m. A feeder, suggested by a large modeled thickness (>10,000 m) and funnel shape, for Lower Zone magmas could have originated near the intersection of NS and NE trending TML faults under Mokopane. The TML has been thought to be the feeder zone for the entire Bushveld Complex but the identification of local feeders and/or dikes in the TML in the models is complicated by uncertainties on the syn- and post-Bushveld deformation history. However, modeled moderately thick high density material near the intersection of faults within the central and western TML may represent feeders for parts of the Bushveld Complex if deformation was minimal. The correspondence of flat, high resistivity and density regions reflect the sill-like geometry of the Bushveld Complex without evidence for feeders north of Mokopane. Magnetotelluric models indicate that the Transvaal sedimentary basin underlies much of the Bushveld Complex north of the TML, further than previously thought and important because the degree of reaction and assimilation of the Transvaal rocks with the mafic magmas resulted in a variety of mineralization zones.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Union of Geological Sciences","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2015.07.003","usgsCitation":"Finn, C.A., Bedrosian, P.A., Cole, J., Khoza, T.D., and Webb, S.J., 2015, Mapping the 3-D extent of the Northern Lobe of the Bushveld layered mafic intrusion from geophysical data: Precambrian Research, v. 268, p. 279-294, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2015.07.003.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"294","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061722","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37273,"text":"Advanced Research Computing (ARC)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306800,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"268","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d305b7e4b0518e35468d0a","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2015.07.003","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2015.07.003","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Finn Carol A., Bedrosian Paul A., Cole Janine C., Khoza Tshepo David, Webb Susan J.","journalName":"Precambrian Research","publicationDate":"10/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finn, Carol A. 0000-0002-6178-0405 cfinn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":1326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Carol","email":"cfinn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cole, Janine","contributorId":146446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cole","given":"Janine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16693,"text":"Council for Geoscience South Africa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Khoza, Tshepo David","contributorId":146447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khoza","given":"Tshepo","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":16694,"text":"University of Witwatersrand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Webb, Susan J.","contributorId":146448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webb","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16694,"text":"University of Witwatersrand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155821,"text":"70155821 - 2015 - Community clusters of tsunami vulnerability in the US Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-13T10:07:33","indexId":"70155821","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Community clusters of tsunami vulnerability in the US Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"Many coastal communities throughout the world are threatened by local (or near-field) tsunamis that could inundate low-lying areas in a matter of minutes after generation. Although the hazard and sustainability literature often frames vulnerability conceptually as a multidimensional issue involving exposure, sensitivity, and resilience to a hazard, assessments often focus on one element or do not recognize the hazard context. We introduce an analytical framework for describing variations in population vulnerability to tsunami hazards that integrates (i) geospatial approaches to identify the number and characteristics of people in hazard zones, (ii) anisotropic path distance models to estimate evacuation travel times to safety, and (iii) cluster analysis to classify communities with similar vulnerability. We demonstrate this approach by classifying 49 incorporated cities, 7 tribal reservations, and 17 counties from northern California to northern Washington that are directly threatened by tsunami waves associated with a Cascadia subduction zone earthquake. Results suggest three primary community groups: (i) relatively low numbers of exposed populations with varied demographic sensitivities, (ii) high numbers of exposed populations but sufficient time to evacuate before wave arrival, and (iii) moderate numbers of exposed populations but insufficient time to evacuate. Results can be used to enhance general hazard-awareness efforts with targeted interventions, such as education and outreach tailored to local demographics, evacuation training, and/or vertical evacuation refuges.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1420309112","collaboration":"Seth Spielman, University of Colorado, Boulder; Mathew C. Schmidtlein, California State University, Sacramento","usgsCitation":"Wood, N.J., Jones, J.M., Spielman, S., and Schmidtlein, M.C., 2015, Community clusters of tsunami vulnerability in the US Pacific Northwest: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 112, no. 17, p. 5354-5359, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1420309112.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"5354","endPage":"5359","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060754","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471903,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1420309112","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306630,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.85986328124999,\n 39.842286020743394\n ],\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 40.43022363450859\n ],\n [\n -124.12353515624999,\n 41.475660200278234\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 42.342305278572816\n ],\n [\n -124.56298828125001,\n 42.924251753870685\n ],\n [\n -124.18945312500001,\n 43.8186748554532\n ],\n [\n -124.03564453125,\n 46.22545288226939\n ],\n [\n -124.21142578125,\n 47.17477833929903\n ],\n [\n -124.73876953125,\n 47.945786463687185\n ],\n [\n -124.73876953125,\n 48.45835188280866\n ],\n [\n -123.6181640625,\n 48.25394114463431\n ],\n [\n -123.24462890625,\n 49.081062364320736\n ],\n [\n -121.00341796874999,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -120.82763671875,\n 47.931066347509784\n ],\n [\n -122.25585937500001,\n 47.88688085106898\n ],\n [\n -122.9150390625,\n 47.040182144806664\n ],\n [\n -123.134765625,\n 44.43377984606825\n ],\n [\n -120.87158203125,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -120.84960937499999,\n 42.74701217318067\n ],\n [\n -122.80517578125,\n 42.779275360241904\n ],\n [\n -122.73925781250001,\n 39.8928799002948\n ],\n [\n -123.85986328124999,\n 39.842286020743394\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"112","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfade4b08400b1fe13da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Nathan J. 0000-0002-6060-9729 nwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6060-9729","contributorId":3347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Nathan","email":"nwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Jeanne M. 0000-0001-7549-9270 jmjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7549-9270","contributorId":4676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Jeanne","email":"jmjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spielman, Seth","contributorId":146151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spielman","given":"Seth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6713,"text":"University of Colorado, Boulder CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmidtlein, Mathew C.","contributorId":90999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidtlein","given":"Mathew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70156786,"text":"70156786 - 2015 - On underestimation of global vulnerability to tree mortality and forest die-off from hotter drought in the Anthropocene","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T15:06:35","indexId":"70156786","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On underestimation of global vulnerability to tree mortality and forest die-off from hotter drought in the Anthropocene","docAbstract":"Patterns, mechanisms, projections, and consequences of tree mortality and associated broad-scale forest die-off due to drought accompanied by warmer temperatures—“hotter drought”, an emerging characteristic of the Anthropocene—are the focus of rapidly expanding literature. Despite recent observational, experimental, and modeling studies suggesting increased vulnerability of trees to hotter drought and associated pests and pathogens, substantial debate remains among research, management and policy-making communities regarding future tree mortality risks. We summarize key mortality-relevant findings, differentiating between those implying lesser versus greater levels of vulnerability. Evidence suggesting lesser vulnerability includes forest benefits of elevated [CO2] and increased water-use efficiency; observed and modeled increases in forest growth and canopy greening; widespread increases in woody-plant biomass, density, and extent; compensatory physiological, morphological, and genetic mechanisms; dampening ecological feedbacks; and potential mitigation by forest management. In contrast, recent studies document more rapid mortality under hotter drought due to negative tree physiological responses and accelerated biotic attacks. Additional evidence suggesting greater vulnerability includes rising background mortality rates; projected increases in drought frequency, intensity, and duration; limitations of vegetation models such as inadequately represented mortality processes; warming feedbacks from die-off; and wildfire synergies. Grouping these findings we identify ten contrasting perspectives that shape the vulnerability debate but have not been discussed collectively. We also present a set of global vulnerability drivers that are known with high confidence: (1) droughts eventually occur everywhere; (2) warming produces hotter droughts; (3) atmospheric moisture demand increases nonlinearly with temperature during drought; (4) mortality can occur faster in hotter drought, consistent with fundamental physiology; (5) shorter droughts occur more frequently than longer droughts and can become lethal under warming, increasing the frequency of lethal drought nonlinearly; and (6) mortality happens rapidly relative to growth intervals needed for forest recovery. These high-confidence drivers, in concert with research supporting greater vulnerability perspectives, support an overall viewpoint of greater forest vulnerability globally. We surmise that mortality vulnerability is being discounted in part due to difficulties in predicting threshold responses to extreme climate events. Given the profound ecological and societal implications of underestimating global vulnerability to hotter drought, we highlight urgent challenges for research, management, and policy-making communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/ES15-00203.1","usgsCitation":"Allen, C.D., Breshears, D.D., and McDowell, N., 2015, On underestimation of global vulnerability to tree mortality and forest die-off from hotter drought in the Anthropocene: Ecosphere, v. 6, no. 8, p. 1-55, https://doi.org/10.1890/ES15-00203.1.","productDescription":"55 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"55","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065454","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488366,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es15-00203.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307824,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e81dbde4b0dacf699e668a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breshears, David D.","contributorId":51620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breshears","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDowell, Nathan G.","contributorId":9176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDowell","given":"Nathan G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157115,"text":"70157115 - 2015 - A general consumer-resource population model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-09T10:42:37","indexId":"70157115","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A general consumer-resource population model","docAbstract":"Food-web dynamics arise from predator-prey, parasite-host, and herbivore-plant interactions. Models for such interactions include up to three consumer activity states (questing, attacking, consuming) and up to four resource response states (susceptible, exposed, ingested, resistant). Articulating these states into a general model allows for dissecting, comparing, and deriving consumer-resource models. We specify this general model for 11 generic consumer strategies that group mathematically into predators, parasites, and micropredators and then derive conditions for consumer success, including a universal saturating functional response. We further show how to use this framework to create simple models with a common mathematical lineage and transparent assumptions. Underlying assumptions, missing elements, and composite parameters are revealed when classic consumer-resource models are derived from the general model.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1126/science.aaa6224","usgsCitation":"Lafferty, K.D., DeLeo, G., Briggs, C.J., Dobson, A.P., Gross, T., and Kuris, A.M., 2015, A general consumer-resource population model: Science, v. 349, no. 6250, p. 854-857, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa6224.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"854","endPage":"857","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065179","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307994,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"349","issue":"6250","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f1582ce4b0dacf699eb954","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeLeo, Giulio","contributorId":147447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeLeo","given":"Giulio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16854,"text":"Standford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, Cheryl J.","contributorId":127721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Briggs","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6710,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dobson, Andrew P.","contributorId":63693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gross, Thilo","contributorId":16336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"Thilo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kuris, Armand M.","contributorId":54332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuris","given":"Armand","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70159709,"text":"70159709 - 2015 - Crustal deformation in the New Madrid seismic zone and the role of postseismic processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-18T10:20:22","indexId":"70159709","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal deformation in the New Madrid seismic zone and the role of postseismic processes","docAbstract":"Global Navigation Satellite System data across the New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ) in the central United States over the period from 2000 through 2014 are analyzed and modeled with several deformation mechanisms including the following: (1) creep on subsurface dislocations, (2) postseismic frictional afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation from the 1811–1812 and 1450 earthquakes in the NMSZ, and (3) regional strain. In agreement with previous studies, a dislocation creeping at about 4 mm/yr between 12 and 20 km depth along the downdip extension of the Reelfoot fault reproduces the observations well. We find that a dynamic model of postseismic frictional afterslip from the 1450 and February 1812 Reelfoot fault events can explain this creep. Kinematic and dynamic models involving the Cottonwood Grove fault provide minimal predictive power. This is likely due to the smaller size of the December 1811 event on the Cottonwood Grove fault and a distribution of stations better suited to constrain localized strain across the Reelfoot fault. Regional compressive strain across the NMSZ is found to be less than 3 × 10−9/yr. If much of the present-day surface deformation results from afterslip, it is likely that many of the earthquakes we see today in the NMSZ are aftershocks from the 1811–1812 New Madrid earthquakes. Despite this conclusion, our results are consistent with observations and models of intraplate earthquake clustering. Given this and the recent paleoseismic history of the region, we suggest that seismic hazard is likely to remain significant.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.1002/2015JB012049","usgsCitation":"Boyd, O.S., Robert Smalley, J., and Zeng, Y., 2015, Crustal deformation in the New Madrid seismic zone and the role of postseismic processes: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 120, no. 8, p. 5782-5803, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012049.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"5782","endPage":"5803","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058057","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471905,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jb012049","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311478,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564daf46e4b0112df6c62dfb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyd, Oliver S. 0000-0001-9457-0407 olboyd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9457-0407","contributorId":140739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"Oliver","email":"olboyd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robert Smalley, Jr","contributorId":149957,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robert Smalley","given":"Jr","affiliations":[{"id":17864,"text":"University of Memphis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zeng, Yuehua 0000-0003-1161-1264 zeng@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1161-1264","contributorId":145693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Yuehua","email":"zeng@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70155902,"text":"70155902 - 2015 - Response of plant productivity to experimental flooding in a stable and a submerging marsh","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-17T10:19:59","indexId":"70155902","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of plant productivity to experimental flooding in a stable and a submerging marsh","docAbstract":"Recent models of tidal marsh evolution rely largely on the premise that plants are most productive at an optimal flooding regime that occurs when soil elevations are somewhere between mean sea level and mean high tide. Here, we use 4 years of manipulative “marsh organ” flooding experiments to test the generality of this conceptual framework and to examine how the optimal flooding frequency may change between years and locations. In our experiments, above and belowground growth of Schoenoplectus americanus was most rapid when flooded about 40% of the time in a rapidly submerging marsh and when flooded about 25% of the time in a historically stable marsh. Optimum flooding durations were nearly identical in each year of the experiment and did not differ for above and belowground growth. In contrast, above and belowground growth of Spartina patensdecreased monotonically with increased flooding in all years and at both sites, indicating no optimal flooding frequency or elevation relative to sea level. Growth patterns in both species suggest a wider tolerance to flooding, and greater biomass for a given flooding duration, in the rapidly deteriorating marsh.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s10021-015-9870-0","usgsCitation":"Kirwan, M., and Guntenspergen, G.R., 2015, Response of plant productivity to experimental flooding in a stable and a submerging marsh: Ecosystems, v. 18, no. 5, p. 903-913, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-015-9870-0.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"903","endPage":"913","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063162","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306779,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d305b9e4b0518e35468d1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirwan, Matthew L. 0000-0002-0658-3038","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0658-3038","contributorId":84060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirwan","given":"Matthew L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70169888,"text":"70169888 - 2015 - Holocene geologic slip rate for the Banning strand of the southern San Andreas Fault, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-29T10:11:41","indexId":"70169888","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene geologic slip rate for the Banning strand of the southern San Andreas Fault, southern California","docAbstract":"Northwest directed slip from the southern San Andreas Fault is transferred to the Mission Creek, Banning, and Garnet Hill fault strands in the northwestern Coachella Valley. How slip is partitioned between these three faults is critical to southern California seismic hazard estimates but is poorly understood. In this paper, we report the first slip rate measured for the Banning fault strand. We constrain the depositional age of an alluvial fan offset 25 ± 5 m from its source by the Banning strand to between 5.1 ± 0.4 ka (95% confidence interval (CI)) and 6.4 + 3.7/−2.1 ka (95% CI) using U-series dating of pedogenic carbonate clast coatings and 10Be cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating of surface clasts. We calculate a Holocene geologic slip rate for the Banning strand of 3.9 + 2.3/−1.6 mm/yr (median, 95% CI) to 4.9 + 1.0/−0.9 mm/yr (median, 95% CI). This rate represents only 25–35% of the total slip accommodated by this section of the southern San Andreas Fault, suggesting a model in which slip is less concentrated on the Banning strand than previously thought. In rejecting the possibility that the Banning strand is the dominant structure, our results highlight an even greater need for slip rate and paleoseismic measurements along faults in the northwestern Coachella Valley in order to test the validity of current earthquake hazard models. In addition, our comparison of ages measured with U-series and 10Be exposure dating demonstrates the importance of using multiple geochronometers when estimating the depositional age of alluvial landforms.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.1002/2015JB012004","usgsCitation":"Gold, P.O., Behr, W.M., Rood, D., Sharp, W.D., Rockwell, T., Kendrick, K.J., and Salin, A., 2015, Holocene geologic slip rate for the Banning strand of the southern San Andreas Fault, southern California: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 120, no. 8, p. 5639-5663, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012004.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"5639","endPage":"5663","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063024","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471906,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jb012004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":319570,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56fba7aae4b0a6037df1a14e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gold, Peter O.","contributorId":90188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Behr, Whitney M.","contributorId":21040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behr","given":"Whitney","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rood, Dylan","contributorId":167067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rood","given":"Dylan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24608,"text":"Imperial College London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":625467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sharp, Warren D.","contributorId":72272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"Warren","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rockwell, Thomas","contributorId":58810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rockwell","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kendrick, Katherine J. 0000-0002-9839-6861 kendrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-6861","contributorId":2716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendrick","given":"Katherine","email":"kendrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Salin, Aaron","contributorId":168316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salin","given":"Aaron","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":625470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70155504,"text":"70155504 - 2015 - Screening tool to evaluate the vulnerability of down-gradient receptors to groundwater contaminants from uncapped landfills","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-10T10:00:42","indexId":"70155504","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3707,"text":"Waste Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Screening tool to evaluate the vulnerability of down-gradient receptors to groundwater contaminants from uncapped landfills","docAbstract":"A screening tool for quantifying levels of concern for contaminants detected in monitoring wells on or near landfills to down-gradient receptors (streams, wetlands and residential lots) was developed and evaluated. The tool uses Quick Domenico Multi-scenario (QDM), a spreadsheet implementation of Domenico-based solute transport, to estimate concentrations of contaminants reaching receptors under steady-state conditions from a constant-strength source. Unlike most other available Domenico-based model applications, QDM calculates the time for down-gradient contaminant concentrations to approach steady state and appropriate dispersivity values, and allows for up to fifty simulations on a single spreadsheet. Sensitivity of QDM solutions to critical model parameters was quantified. The screening tool uses QDM results to categorize landfills as having high, moderate and low levels of concern, based on contaminant concentrations reaching receptors relative to regulatory concentrations. The application of this tool was demonstrated by assessing levels of concern (as defined by the New Jersey Pinelands Commission) for thirty closed, uncapped landfills in the New Jersey Pinelands National Reserve, using historic water-quality data from monitoring wells on and near landfills and hydraulic parameters from regional flow models. Twelve of these landfills are categorized as having high levels of concern, indicating a need for further assessment. This tool is not a replacement for conventional numerically-based transport model or other available Domenico-based applications, but is suitable for quickly assessing the level of concern posed by a landfill or other contaminant point source before expensive and lengthy monitoring or remediation measures are taken. In addition to quantifying the level of concern using historic groundwater-monitoring data, the tool allows for archiving model scenarios and adding refinements as new data become available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Pergamon","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2015.04.009","usgsCitation":"Baker, R.J., Reilly, T.J., Lopez, A.R., Romanok, K., and Wengrowski, E.W., 2015, Screening tool to evaluate the vulnerability of down-gradient receptors to groundwater contaminants from uncapped landfills: Waste Management, v. 43, p. 363-375, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.04.009.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"375","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055964","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.04.009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"New Jersey Pinelands National Reserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.84710693359375,\n 39.86758762451019\n ],\n [\n -74.65484619140625,\n 40.00026797264677\n ],\n [\n -74.46807861328125,\n 40.15578608609647\n ],\n [\n -74.2291259765625,\n 40.12639098502455\n ],\n [\n -74.190673828125,\n 40.02551125229785\n ],\n [\n -74.37469482421875,\n 39.66491373749131\n ],\n [\n -74.5697021484375,\n 39.38101803294523\n ],\n [\n -74.73724365234375,\n 39.16201148082406\n ],\n [\n -74.8443603515625,\n 39.07677595221322\n ],\n [\n -75.13275146484375,\n 39.2173592639196\n ],\n [\n -75.22064208984375,\n 39.25352462727606\n ],\n [\n -75.245361328125,\n 39.29392267616436\n ],\n [\n -75.33050537109375,\n 39.35766163717121\n ],\n [\n -75.333251953125,\n 39.41497702499074\n ],\n [\n -75.31402587890625,\n 39.52522954427751\n ],\n [\n -75.15472412109375,\n 39.65645604812829\n ],\n [\n -75.091552734375,\n 39.69662085337441\n ],\n [\n -74.84710693359375,\n 39.86758762451019\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c9cb38e4b08400b1fdb724","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, Ronald J. rbaker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Ronald","email":"rbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reilly, Timothy J. 0000-0002-2939-3050 tjreilly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2939-3050","contributorId":1858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Timothy","email":"tjreilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lopez, Anthony R.","contributorId":21471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopez","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Romanok, Kristin M. kromanok@usgs.gov","contributorId":3771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanok","given":"Kristin M.","email":"kromanok@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wengrowski, Edward W","contributorId":145891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wengrowski","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":16285,"text":"New Jersey Pinelands Commission, New Lisbon, NJ, 08064","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155012,"text":"ofr20151129 - 2015 - Preliminary geophysical interpretations of regional subsurface geology near the Questa Mine Tailing Facility and Guadalupe Mountain, Taos County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-03T08:31:01","indexId":"ofr20151129","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T08:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1129","title":"Preliminary geophysical interpretations of regional subsurface geology near the Questa Mine Tailing Facility and Guadalupe Mountain, Taos County, New Mexico","docAbstract":"This report presents geophysical interpretations of regional subsurface geology in the vicinity of the Tailing Facility of the Questa Mine near Guadalupe Mountain, Taos County, New Mexico, in cooperation with the New Mexico Environment Department. The interpretations were developed from aeromagnetic data, regional gravity data, data from four ground magnetic traverses, geologic mapping, a digital elevation model, and information from a few shallow wells. The resolution of the geophysical data is only appropriate for a broad assessment of the regional setting. Aeromagnetic data provided the most comprehensive information for interpretation. Qualitative and semiquantitative interpretations indicate the nature and extent of volcanic rocks, their relative depths, and inferred contacts between them, as well as conjectured locations of faults. In particular, the aeromagnetic data indicate places where volcanic rocks extend at shallow depths under sedimentary cover. Trachydacites of Guadalupe Mountain are magnetic, but their associated aeromagnetic anomalies are opposite in sign over the northern versus the southern parts of the mountain. The difference indicates that lavas erupted during different magnetic-polarity events in the north (reverse polarity) versus the south (normal polarity) and therefore have different ages. We postulate a buried volcano with reverse-polarity magnetization lies under the northeast side of Guadalupe Mountain, which likely predated the exposed trachydacites. Faults interpreted for the study area generally align with known fault zones. We interpret a northern extension to one of these faults that crosses northwesterly underneath the Tailing Facility. Gravity data indicate that Guadalupe Mountain straddles the western margin of a subbasin of the Rio Grande rift and that significant (>400 meters) thicknesses of both volcanic and sedimentary rocks underlie the mountain.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151129","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Mexico Environment Department","usgsCitation":"Grauch, V.J.S., Drenth, B.J., Thompson, R.A., and Bauer, P.W., 2015, Preliminary geophysical interpretations of regional subsurface geology near the Questa Mine Tailing Facility and Guadalupe Mountain, Taos County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1129, 35 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151129.","productDescription":"vi, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"35","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065303","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306279,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1129/ofr20151129.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1129"},{"id":306278,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1129/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Taos County","otherGeospatial":"Guadalupe Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.68195343017578,\n 36.651618852404454\n ],\n [\n -105.68195343017578,\n 36.74383627787639\n ],\n [\n -105.59028625488281,\n 36.74383627787639\n ],\n [\n -105.59028625488281,\n 36.651618852404454\n ],\n [\n -105.68195343017578,\n 36.651618852404454\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS 964
Denver, CO 80225
http://crustal.usgs.gov/