A 43-acre watershed in Muskingum County, Ohio, was studied to determine the hydrologic consequences of strip mining for coal. A quantitative description of the effects on the ground-water flow components of the hydrologic system has been obtained using digital models.
The premining watershed was characterized by nearly flat-lying sedimentary rocks of the Pennsylvanian System. Underclay beneath the two major coal beds formed bases for perched zones, creating three separate aquifers. Recharge to the ground-water system occurred mainly by percolation of precipitation. Most of the discharge from the top and middle aquifers occurred by downward leakage to the underlying aquifers. A smaller amount of discharge occurred as springflow or streamflow near the intersections of the underclays and land surface.
Mining has destroyed the top aquifer, and has replaced the bedrock by spoil material. Water levels in the spoils are at a much lower altitude than existed in the premining top aquifer because of a combination of (1) a larger hydraulic conductivity, (2) areal variations of the hydraulic characteristics of the confining bed, and (3) a slower rate of recharge from precipitation caused by removal of vegetation and soil compaction. Covering of previously exposed portions of the middle aquifer and a lower hydraulic head in the spoils has allowed less recharge to the middle aquifer. Additional flow is induced across the western boundary of the watershed and has reduced the outflow across the eastern boundary. Discharge from the middle aquifer as downward leakage and streamflow is less than before mining.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASM","doi":"10.1128/AEM.48.6.1197-1202.1984","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Harvey, R., Smith, R.L., and George, L., 1984, Effect of organic contamination upon microbial distributions and heterotrophic uptake in a Cape Cod, Massachusetts, aquifer: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 48, no. 6, p. 1197-1202, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.48.6.1197-1202.1984.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1197","endPage":"1202","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480550,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.48.6.1197-1202.1984","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":220164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts ","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.784912109375,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -69.9169921875,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -69.9169921875,\n 42.06560675405716\n ],\n [\n -70.784912109375,\n 42.06560675405716\n ],\n [\n -70.784912109375,\n 41.64007838467894\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05f6e4b0c8380cd51054","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, R.W. 0000-0002-2791-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":11757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, R. L.","contributorId":93904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":366855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"George, L.","contributorId":71313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013769,"text":"70013769 - 1984 - POTENTIAL FOR NITROSAMINE FORMATION RESULTING FROM THE USE OF RHODAMINE WT FOR TIME-OF-TRAVEL STUDIES: A COMBINED LABORATORY AND FIELD INVESTIGATION.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:39","indexId":"70013769","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"POTENTIAL FOR NITROSAMINE FORMATION RESULTING FROM THE USE OF RHODAMINE WT FOR TIME-OF-TRAVEL STUDIES: A COMBINED LABORATORY AND FIELD INVESTIGATION.","docAbstract":"Rhodamine WT is used by surface water hydrologists for time of travel and dispersion studies in which flow characteristics of surface streams are determined. Surface water contamination by nitrosamines formed from Rhodamine WT and nitrite ion has been studied. A method for residue analysis of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) has been developed and evaluated using river samples spiked with Rhodamine WT and nitrite ion. It permits rapid and reliable determination of NDEA at a minimum concentration of 0. 03 mu g/L. The method uses solid-phase extraction and capillary gas chromatography.","largerWorkTitle":"National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry","conferenceTitle":"188th National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry, Volume 24 Number 2.","conferenceLocation":"Philadelphia, PA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC, USA","issn":"02703009","usgsCitation":"Johnson, S.M., and Steinheimer, T.R., 1984, POTENTIAL FOR NITROSAMINE FORMATION RESULTING FROM THE USE OF RHODAMINE WT FOR TIME-OF-TRAVEL STUDIES: A COMBINED LABORATORY AND FIELD INVESTIGATION., in National Meeting - American Chemical Society, Division of Environmental Chemistry, v. 24, no. 2, Philadelphia, PA, USA, p. 70-71.","startPage":"70","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a736ae4b0c8380cd7700a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Sharon M.","contributorId":42352,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steinheimer, Thomas R.","contributorId":63943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinheimer","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013741,"text":"70013741 - 1984 - Isotope composition of sulphate in acid mine drainage as measure of bacterial oxidation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-19T11:24:02","indexId":"70013741","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isotope composition of sulphate in acid mine drainage as measure of bacterial oxidation","docAbstract":"The formation of acid waters by oxidation of pyrite-bearing ore deposits, mine tailing piles, and coal measures is a complex biogeochemical process and is a serious environmental problem. We have studied the oxygen and sulphur isotope geochemistry of sulphides, sulphur, sulphate and water in the field and in experiments to identify sources of oxygen and reaction mechanisms of sulphate formation. Here we report that the oxygen isotope composition of sulphate in acid mine drainage shows a large variation due to differing proportions of atmospheric- and water-derived oxygen from both chemical and bacterially-mediated oxidation. 18O-enrichment of sulphate results from pyrite oxidation facilitated by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans in aerated environments. Oxygen isotope analysis may therefore be useful in monitoring the effectiveness of abatement programmes designed to inhibit bacterial oxidation. Sulphur isotopes show no significant fractionation between pyrite and sulphate, indicating the quantitative insignificance of intermediate oxidation states of sulphur under acid conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/308538a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Taylor, B., Wheeler, M., and Nordstrom, D.K., 1984, Isotope composition of sulphate in acid mine drainage as measure of bacterial oxidation: Nature, v. 308, no. 5959, p. 538-541, https://doi.org/10.1038/308538a0.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"538","endPage":"541","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220391,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"308","issue":"5959","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f85e4b0c8380cd645be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, B.E.","contributorId":23262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wheeler, M.C.","contributorId":79955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":366767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013944,"text":"70013944 - 1984 - VERTICAL MOVEMENT OF GROUND WATER UNDER A LANDFILL, ANCHORAGE, ALASKA.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:36","indexId":"70013944","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"VERTICAL MOVEMENT OF GROUND WATER UNDER A LANDFILL, ANCHORAGE, ALASKA.","docAbstract":"A thorough review of existing ground-water information may, in some cases, be adequate to estimate rates of migration of pollutants. Analysis of data from well-performance tests and from hydrologic-data stations near a landfill in Anchorage, Alaska, indicates that pollutants migrating downward toward a confined aquifer that supplies water to three municipal wells near the landfill do not pose an imminent threat to the water supply. The analysis helps alleviate some concerns that pollution of municipal wells is imminent. However, because the errors in estimating hydraulic conductivities may be as great as a factor of three, the analysis should not be used as justification to discontinue monitoring migration of the leachate.","conferenceTitle":"Innovative Means of Dealing with Potential Sources of Ground Water Contamination, Proceedings of the Seventh National Ground Water Quality Symposium.","conferenceLocation":"Las Vegas, NV, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Natl Water Well Assoc","publisherLocation":"Worthington, OH, USA","usgsCitation":"Nelson, G.L., 1984, VERTICAL MOVEMENT OF GROUND WATER UNDER A LANDFILL, ANCHORAGE, ALASKA., Innovative Means of Dealing with Potential Sources of Ground Water Contamination, Proceedings of the Seventh National Ground Water Quality Symposium., Las Vegas, NV, USA, p. 453-477.","startPage":"453","endPage":"477","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc0e9e4b08c986b32a3b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Gordon L.","contributorId":55443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013854,"text":"70013854 - 1984 - Copper transport along a Sierra Nevada stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-20T19:25:19","indexId":"70013854","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2255,"text":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Copper transport along a Sierra Nevada stream","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1984)110:3(646)","issn":"07339372","usgsCitation":"Kuwabara, J.S., Leland, H., and Bencala, K.E., 1984, Copper transport along a Sierra Nevada stream: Journal of Environmental Engineering, v. 110, no. 3, p. 646-655, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1984)110:3(646).","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"646","endPage":"655","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fc00e4b0c8380cd4e08e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuwabara, James S. 0000-0003-2502-1601 kuwabara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2502-1601","contributorId":3374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuwabara","given":"James","email":"kuwabara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leland, H.V.","contributorId":82455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leland","given":"H.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":779852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70009966,"text":"70009966 - 1984 - Heating rates in furnace atomic absorption using the L'vov platform","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-09T19:44:03","indexId":"70009966","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3464,"text":"Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heating rates in furnace atomic absorption using the L'vov platform","docAbstract":"Heating rate profiles for the furnace tube wall, the furnace atmosphere, and a L'vov platform were established for a range of conditions in a cyclically heated graphite atomizer. The tube wall profile was made by direct observation with a recording optical pyrometer. The sodium line reversal method was used to establish the heating rate of the furnace atmosphere, and appearance temperatures for a series metals of differing volatility was used to establish platform profiles. The tube wall heating rate was nearly linear at 2240°C s− until the desired temperature was reached after which the temperature remained constant. The furnace atmosphere reached a given temperature 0.2–0.4 s later than the tube wall through most of the atomize cycle. The platform lagged the tube wall 0.5–0.8 s. Under typical operating conditions the furnace atmosphere was 100–200°C cooler than the tube wall and at nearly constant temperature when the analyte vaporized from the platform. The L'vov platform causes the cyclically heated commercial furnace to approximate the behavior of a constant temperature furnace during atomization.
Statistical tests for monotonic trend in seasonal (e.g., monthly) hydrologic time series are commonly confounded by some of the following problems: nonnormal data, missing values, seasonality, censoring (detection limits), and serial dependence. An extension of the Mann-Kendall test for trend (designed for such data) is presented here. Because the test is based entirely on ranks, it is robust against nonnormality and censoring. Seasonality and missing values present no theoretical or computational obstacles to its application. Monte Carlo experiments show that, in terms of type I error, it is robust against serial correlation except when the data have strong long-term persistence (e.g., ARMA (1, 1) monthly processes with ϕ > 0.6) or short records (∼ 5 years). When there is no serial correlation, it is less powerful than a related simpler test which is not robust against serial correlation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR020i006p00727","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., and Slack, J.R., 1984, A nonparametric trend test for seasonal data with serial dependence.: Water Resources Research, v. 20, no. 6, p. 727-732, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR020i006p00727.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"727","endPage":"732","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4c0e4b0c8380cd468c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":364769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slack, James R.","contributorId":43778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013310,"text":"70013310 - 1984 - Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 1. An experimental analysis of cation and anion transport in a mountain stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-20T19:29:01","indexId":"70013310","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 1. An experimental analysis of cation and anion transport in a mountain stream","docAbstract":"An experimental injection was performed to study the transport of stream water solutes under conditions of significant interaction with streambed sediments in a mountain pool-and-riffle stream. Experiments were conducted in Little Lost Man Creek, Humboldt County, California, in a period of low flow duringwhich only a part of the bank-full channel held active surface flow. The injection of chloride and several trace cations lasted 20 days. In this report we discuss the results of the first 24 hours of the injection and survey the results of the first 10 days. Solute-streambed interactions of two types were observed. First, the physical transport of the conservative tracer, chloride, was affected by intergravel flow and stagnant watt, zones created by the bed relief. Second, the transport of the cations (strontium, potassium, and lithium) was appreciably modified by sorption onto streambed sediment. In the stream the readily observable consequence of the solute-streambed interactions was an attenuation of the dissolved concentration of each of the tracers. The attenuation in the stream channel occurred concurrently with the storage of tracers in the streambed via both physical and chemical processes. All tracers were subsequently present in shallow wells dug several meters from the wetted part of the channel. Sediment samples collected approximately 3 weeks after the start of the injection contained increased concentrations of the injected cations.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR020i012p01797","usgsCitation":"Bencala, K.E., Kennedy, V.C., Zellweger, G.W., Jackman, A.P., and Avanzino, R.J., 1984, Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 1. An experimental analysis of cation and anion transport in a mountain stream: Water Resources Research, v. 20, no. 12, p. 1797-1803, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR020i012p01797.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1797","endPage":"1803","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220420,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Humboldt County","otherGeospatial":"Little Lost Man Creek","volume":"20","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cd0e4b0c8380cd6307f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":365789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, Vance C.","contributorId":102063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Vance","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zellweger, Gary W.","contributorId":71171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellweger","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jackman, Alan P.","contributorId":28239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackman","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Avanzino, Ronald J.","contributorId":24355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avanzino","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70013450,"text":"70013450 - 1984 - Effect of anisotropy and groundwater system geometry on seepage through lakebeds. 1. Analog and dimensional analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-09T19:33:46","indexId":"70013450","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of anisotropy and groundwater system geometry on seepage through lakebeds. 1. Analog and dimensional analysis","docAbstract":"Distribution of seepage through lakebeds is controlled partly by geometric configuration of the lake and of the groundwater system interacting with the lake. To evaluate the effect of these factors, conductive-paper electric-analog models were used to analyze a number of lake and groundwater settings having different geometric configurations. Most settings analyzed are of lakes that do not penetrate the groundwater system. The width ratio, the ratio of half the lake width to thickness of the groundwater system, is the principal geometric characteristic used in this study. Because the distribution of groundwater seepage into a lake is not uniform across the lakebed, the concept of a streamlinecrowding factor is developed, and is used to determine seepage patterns from geometric characteristics of the lake and its contiguous groundwater system. Analysis of fourteen different width ratios of lake and groundwater systems indicates that lakes can be defined by three general groups of seepage patterns, which include flow patterns, volumes and rates: (1) lakes having width ratios less than ∼ 0.6 show relatively uniform distribution of seepage across the lakebed; (2) lakes having width ratios of ∼ 0.6 to ∼ 2.0 change in absolute and relative streamline crowding in the near-shore region; and (3) lakes having width ratios greater than ∼ 2.0 show stable flow patterns near shore; however, with increasing lake width, the relative streamline crowding increases relative to that width. For deep lakes and those in anisotropic media, the crowding effect is decreased, resulting in more uniform seepage across the lakebed.
Sulfate and water from experiments in which pyrite was oxidized at a pH of 2.0 were analyzed for sulfur and oxygen stable isotopes. Experiments were conducted under both aerobic and anaerobic sterile conditions, as well as under aerobic conditions in the presence of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, to elucidate the pathways of oxidation. Oxygen isotope fractionation between SO2-4 and H2O varied from +4.0 %. (anaerobic, sterile) to + 18.0 %. (aerobic, with T. ferrooxidans.). The oxygen isotope composition of dissolved oxygen utilized in both chemical and microbially-mediated oxidation was also determined (+11.4 %., by T. ferrooxidans; +18.4 %., chemical). Contributions of water-derived oxygen and dissolved oxygen to the sulfate produced in the oxidation of pyrite could thus be estimated. Water-derived oxygen constituted from 23 to ~ 100 percent of the oxygen in the sulfate produced in the experiments, and this closely approximates the range of contribution in natural acid mine drainage. Oxidation of sulfides in anaerobic, water-saturated environments occurs primarily by chemical oxidation pathways, whereas oxidation of sulfides in well-aerated, unsaturated zone environments occurs dominantly by microbially mediated pathways.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(84)90315-6","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Taylor, B., Wheeler, M., and Nordstrom, D.K., 1984, Stable isotope geochemistry of acid mine drainage: Experimental oxidation of pyrite: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 48, no. 12, p. 2669-2678, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(84)90315-6.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2669","endPage":"2678","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9678e4b08c986b31b518","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, B.E.","contributorId":23262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wheeler, M.C.","contributorId":79955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":366212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013245,"text":"70013245 - 1984 - Complexation of trace metals by adsorbed natural organic matter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-19T11:49:28","indexId":"70013245","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complexation of trace metals by adsorbed natural organic matter","docAbstract":"The adsorption behavior and solution speciation of Cu(II) and Cd(II) were studied in model systems containing colloidal alumina particles and dissolved natural organic matter. At equilibrium a significant fraction of the alumina surface was covered by adsorbed organic matter. Cu(II) was partitioned primarily between the surface-bound organic matter and dissolved Cu-organic complexes in the aqueous phase. Complexation of Cu2+ with the functional groups of adsorbed organic matter was stronger than complexation with uncovered alumina surface hydroxyls. It is shown that the complexation of Cu(II) by adsorbed organic matter can be described by an apparent stability constant approximately equal to the value found for solution phase equilibria. In contrast, Cd(II) adsorption was not significantly affected by the presence of organic matter at the surface, due to weak complex formation with the organic ligands. The results demonstrate that general models of trace element partitioning in natural waters must consider the presence of adsorbed organic matter.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(84)90095-4","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Davis, J., 1984, Complexation of trace metals by adsorbed natural organic matter: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 48, no. 4, p. 679-691, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(84)90095-4.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"679","endPage":"691","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f911e4b0c8380cd4d3fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013483,"text":"70013483 - 1984 - Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 2. A dynamic analysis of coupled hydrologic and chemical processes that determine solute transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-20T19:28:09","indexId":"70013483","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 2. A dynamic analysis of coupled hydrologic and chemical processes that determine solute transport","docAbstract":"Solute transport in streams is determined by the interaction of physical and chemical processes. Data from an injection experiment for chloride and several cations indicate significant influence of solutestreambed processes on transport in a mountain stream. These data are interpreted in terms of transient storage processes for all tracers and sorption processes for the cations. Process parameter values are estimated with simulations based on coupled quasi-two-dimensional transport and first-order mass transfer sorption. Comparative simulations demonstrate the relative roles of the physical and chemical processes in determining solute transport. During the first 24 hours of the experiment, chloride concentrations were attenuated relative to expected plateau levels. Additional attenuation occurred for the sorbing cation strontium. The simulations account for these storage processes. Parameter values determined by calibration compare favorably with estimates from other studies in mountain streams. Without further calibration, the transport of potassium and lithium is adequately simulated using parameters determined in the chloride-strontium simulation and with measured cation distribution coefficients.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR020i012p01804","usgsCitation":"Bencala, K.E., 1984, Interactions of solutes and streambed sediment: 2. A dynamic analysis of coupled hydrologic and chemical processes that determine solute transport: Water Resources Research, v. 20, no. 12, p. 1804-1814, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR020i012p01804.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1804","endPage":"1814","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cd1e4b0c8380cd63085","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":366160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013513,"text":"70013513 - 1984 - Aquifer reclamation design: The use of contaminant transport simulation combined with nonlinear programing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-20T19:47:35","indexId":"70013513","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquifer reclamation design: The use of contaminant transport simulation combined with nonlinear programing","docAbstract":"A simulation-management methodology is demonstrated for the rehabilitation of aquifers that have been subjected to chemical contamination. Finite element groundwater flow and contaminant transport simulation are combined with nonlinear optimization. The model is capable of determining well locations plus pumping and injection rates for groundwater quality control. Examples demonstrate linear or nonlinear objective functions subject to linear and nonlinear simulation and water management constraints. Restrictions can be placed on hydraulic heads, stresses, and gradients, in addition to contaminant concentrations and fluxes. These restrictions can be distributed over space and time. Three design strategies are demonstrated for an aquifer that is polluted by a constant contaminant source: they are pumping for contaminant removal, water injection for in-ground dilution, and a pumping, treatment, and injection cycle. A transient model designs either contaminant plume interception or in-ground dilution so that water quality standards are met. The method is not limited to these cases. It is generally applicable to the optimization of many types of distributed parameter systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR020i004p00415","usgsCitation":"Gorelick, S.M., Voss, C.I., Gill, P.E., Murray, W., Saunders, M., and Wright, M.H., 1984, Aquifer reclamation design: The use of contaminant transport simulation combined with nonlinear programing: Water Resources Research, v. 20, no. 4, p. 415-427, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR020i004p00415.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"427","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed1fe4b0c8380cd4963a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gorelick, Steven M.","contributorId":8784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorelick","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":366226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gill, Philip E.","contributorId":6110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Murray, Walter","contributorId":74371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murray","given":"Walter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Saunders, Michael A.","contributorId":100851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saunders","given":"Michael A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wright, Margaret H.","contributorId":37391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wright","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70013620,"text":"70013620 - 1984 - Field testing the hypothesis of Darcian flow through a carbonate aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-19T11:52:03","indexId":"70013620","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field testing the hypothesis of Darcian flow through a carbonate aquifer","docAbstract":"The acceptability of the hypothesis of Darcian flow through a semiconfined carbonate aquifer was tested prior to running a multiple-day aquifer test in Pinellas County, Florida. The approach used to test the hypothesis was to run a number of hour-long aquifer tests at different discharges with drawdown measured at the same time during each test in two observation wells, one at 35 feet and the other at 733 feet from the pumped well. The hypothesis of Darcian flow through the semiconfined carbonate aquifer was deemed acceptable.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1984.tb01423.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Hickey, J., 1984, Field testing the hypothesis of Darcian flow through a carbonate aquifer: Ground Water, v. 22, no. 5, p. 544-547, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1984.tb01423.x.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"544","endPage":"547","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0fdfe4b0c8380cd53a54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hickey, J.J.","contributorId":57010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickey","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013357,"text":"70013357 - 1984 - Development and evaluation of a gas chromatographic method for the determination of triazine herbicides in natural water samples","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-20T19:50:52","indexId":"70013357","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2040,"text":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development and evaluation of a gas chromatographic method for the determination of triazine herbicides in natural water samples","docAbstract":"A multi-residue method is described for the determination o triazine herbicides in natural water samples. The technique uses solvent extraction followed by gas chromatographic separation and detection employing nitrogen-selective devices. Seven compounds can be determined simultaneously at a nominal detection limit of 0.1 μg/L in a 1-litre sample. Three different natural water samples were used for error analysis via evaluation of recovery efficiencies and estimation of overall method precision. As an alternative to liquid-liquid partition (solvent extraction) for removal of compounds of interest from water, solid-phase extraction (SPE) techniques employing chromatographic grade silicas with chemically modified surfaces have been examined. SPE is found to provide rapid and efficient concentration with quantitative recovery of some triazine herbicides from natural water samples. Concentration factors of 500 to 1000 times are obtained readily by the SPE technique.
Talus deposits recovered from Site 536 show evidence of aragonite dissolution, secondary porosity development, and calcite cementation. Although freshwater diagenesis could account for the petrographic features of the altered talus deposits, it does not uniquely account for isotopic or trace-element characteristics. Also, the hydrologic setting required for freshwater alteration is not easily demonstrated for the Campeche Bank. A mixing-zone model does not account for the available trace-element data, but does require somewhat less drastic assumptions about the size of the freshwater lens. Although a seawater (bottom-water) alteration model requires no hydrologic difficulties, unusual circumstances are required to account for the geochemical characteristics of the talus deposits using this model.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Ocean Drilling Program","doi":"10.2973/dsdp.proc.77.108.1984","usgsCitation":"Halley, R., Pierson, B.J., and Schlager, W., 1984, Alternative diagenetic models for cretaceous talus deposits, Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 536, Gulf of Mexico, chap. 8 of Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, v. 77, p. 397-408, https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.77.108.1984.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"397","endPage":"408","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489222,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.77.108.1984","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":296733,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 25.839449402063185\n ],\n [\n -82.8369140625,\n 26.115985925333536\n ],\n [\n -82.79296874999999,\n 23.28171917560003\n ],\n [\n -88.154296875,\n 23.36242859340884\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 25.839449402063185\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"77","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"549165bce4b0d0759afaad7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halley, Robert B.","contributorId":45692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halley","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":536850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pierson, B. J.","contributorId":181752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pierson","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":29805,"text":"Koninklijke/Shell Expl. en Prod. Laboratorium, Rijswijk, Holland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":536851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schlager, Wolfgang","contributorId":131001,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schlager","given":"Wolfgang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5112,"text":"University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":536852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70175218,"text":"70175218 - 1984 - Denitrification in San Francisco Bay intertidal sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-26T18:20:09.162617","indexId":"70175218","displayToPublicDate":"1984-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Denitrification in San Francisco Bay intertidal sediments","docAbstract":"The acetylene block technique was employed to study denitrification in intertidal estuarine sediments. Addition of nitrate to sediment slurries stimulated denitrification. During the dry season, sediment-slurry denitrification rates displayed Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and ambient NO3− + NO2− concentrations (≤26 μM) were below the apparent Km (50 μM) for nitrate. During the rainy season, when ambient NO3− + NO2− concentrations were higher (37 to 89 μM), an accurate estimate of the Km could not be obtained. Endogenous denitrification activity was confined to the upper 3 cm of the sediment column. However, the addition of nitrate to deeper sediments demonstrated immediate N2O production, and potential activity existed at all depths sampled (the deepest was 15 cm). Loss of N2O in the presence of C2H2 was sometimes observed during these short-term sediment incubations. Experiments with sediment slurries and washed cell suspensions of a marine pseudomonad confirmed that this N2O loss was caused by incomplete blockage of N2O reductase by C2H2 at low nitrate concentrations. Areal estimates of denitrification (in the absence of added nitrate) ranged from 0.8 to 1.2 μmol of N2 m−2 h−1 (for undisturbed sediments) to 17 to 280 μmol of N2 m−2 h−1 (for shaken sediment slurries).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.47.5.1106-1112.1984","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R.S., Umberger, C., Culbertson, C.W., and Smith, R.L., 1984, Denitrification in San Francisco Bay intertidal sediments: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 47, no. 5, p. 1106-1112, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.47.5.1106-1112.1984.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1106","endPage":"1112","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480207,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.47.5.1106-1112.1984","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325979,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.035888671875,\n 37.309014074275915\n ],\n [\n -121.73950195312499,\n 37.309014074275915\n ],\n [\n -121.73950195312499,\n 38.26406296833961\n ],\n [\n -123.035888671875,\n 38.26406296833961\n ],\n [\n -123.035888671875,\n 37.309014074275915\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a1c42ee4b006cb45552c06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Umberger, Cindy","contributorId":173351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Umberger","given":"Cindy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Culbertson, Charles W. cculbert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culbertson","given":"Charles","email":"cculbert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":28191,"text":"wri834126 - 1983 - Chemical and hydrologic assessment of the Caloosahatchee River basin, Lake Okeechobee to Franklin Lock, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-13T20:49:16.597178","indexId":"wri834126","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-12T20:40:00","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4126","title":"Chemical and hydrologic assessment of the Caloosahatchee River basin, Lake Okeechobee to Franklin Lock, Florida","docAbstract":"Annual discharge (1970-79 water years) from Lake Okeechobee to the Caloosahatchee River averaged 51 percent of the total river discharge at Franklin Lock and ranged from 10 to 71 percent of total discharge. Excluding rainfall on the river surface and upstream seepage, surface and subsurface runoff from the basin accounted for the remaining total river discharge at Franklin Lock. Nitrogen and phosphorus were in sufficient supply most of the time to support algal growth in the river. During algal blooms, however, nitrite plus nitrate nitrogen was depleted and probably became limiting. Nitrite plus nitrate was the predominant form of inorganic nitrogen in the river and in most tributaries. Average concentrations in the river were 0.18 to 0.21 milligram per liter. Average concentrations in most tributaries were less than those in the river. Average concentrations of total phosphorus in many tributaries fell within the same range as that in the river (0.08 to 0.15 milligram per liter), but some tributaries in the eastern part of the basin had greater average concentrations.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri834126","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Lee County","usgsCitation":"La Rose, H., and McPherson, B.F., 1983, Chemical and hydrologic assessment of the Caloosahatchee River basin, Lake Okeechobee to Franklin Lock, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4126, vi, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834126.","productDescription":"vi, 66 p.","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":57028,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4126/wri834126.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 83-4126"},{"id":123966,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4126/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":411916,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35791.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Caloosahatchee River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.711,\n 26.5\n ],\n [\n -81,\n 26.5\n ],\n [\n -81,\n 27\n ],\n [\n -81.711,\n 27\n ],\n [\n -81.711,\n 26.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
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A nationwide need for information characterizing hydrologic conditions in mined and potential mine areas has become paramount with the enactment of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977. This report, one in a series covering the coal provinces nationwide, presents information thematically by describing single hydrologic topics through the use of brief texts and accompanying maps, graphs, or other illustrations. The summation of the topical discussions provides a description of the hydrology of the area. Area 54, in north-central Colorado and south-central Wyoming, is 1 of 20 hydrologic reporting areas of the Northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain coal provinces. Part of the Southern Rocky Mountains and Wyoming Basin physiographic provinces, the 8,380-square-mile area is one of contrasting geology, topography, and climate. This results in contrasting hydrologic characteristics. The major streams, the North Platte, Laramie, and Medicine Bow Rivers, and their principal tributaries, all head in granitic mountains and flow into and through sedimentary basins between the mountain ranges. Relief averages 2,000 to 3,000 feet. Precipitation in the mountains may exceed 40 inches annually, much of it during the winter, which produces deep snowpacks. Snowmelt in spring and summer provides most streamflow. Precipitation in the basins averages 10 to 16 inches annually, insufficient for sustained streamflow; thus, streams originating in the basins are ephemeral. Streamflow quality is best in the mountains where dissolved-solids concentrations generally are least. These concentrations increase as streams flow through sedimentary basins. The increases are mainly natural, but some may be due to irrigation in and adjacent to the flood plains. In the North Platte River, dissolved-solids concentrations are usually less than 300 milligrams per liter; in the Laramie and the Medicine Bow Rivers, the concentrations may average 500 to 850 milligrams per liter. However, water-quality stations on the Laramie and the Medicine Bow Rivers are farther removed from the mountain sources than the stations in the North Platte drainage. Because of the semiarid climate of the basins, soils are not adequately leached. Consequently, flow in ephemeral streams usually has a larger concentration of dissolved solids than that in perennial streams, averaging 1,000 to 1,600 milligrams per liter. Aquifers containing usable ground water are combined into three groups: (1) consolidated and unconsolidated non-coal-bearing Quaternary and Upper Tertiary deposits, (2) Mesozoic and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, and (3) Lower Tertiary and Upper Cretaceous sedimentary rocks containing coal. These aquifers are used for municipal, domestic, irrigation, and stock supplies. Well yields range from about 5 to 1,000 gallons per minute, and depend on type of aquifer, saturated thickness, and degree of fracturing. The best quality ground water usually comes from the non-coal-bearing Quaternary and Upper Tertiary rocks or the Mesozoic and Paleozoic rocks; often it is dominated by calcium and bicarbonate ions. The coal-bearing formations have a large variability in water chemistry; dominant ions may be bicarbonate or sulfate and sodium, calcium, or magnesium. Dissolved-solids concentrations are generally larger than in the former two groups. The U.S. Geological Survey operates a network of hydrologic stations to observe the streamflow and groundwater conditions. This network currently includes 31 surface-water stations and 35 observation wells; information is available for many other sites observed in the past. Data available include rate of flow, water levels, and water quality; much of the data are available in published reports or from computer storage through the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX) or the National Water Data Storage and Retrieval System (WATSTORE). Five formations of Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary age contain coal.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr83146","usgsCitation":"Kuhn, G., Daddow, P.D., and Craig, G.S., 1983, Hydrology of area 54, northern Great Plains, and Rocky Mountain coal provinces, Colorado and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-146, vi, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr83146.","productDescription":"vi, 96 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":46401,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0146/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":405717,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13909.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":149125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0146/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Area 54","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.433,\n 40.32\n ],\n [\n -105.459,\n 40.32\n ],\n [\n -105.459,\n 42.224\n ],\n [\n -107.433,\n 42.224\n ],\n [\n -107.433,\n 40.32\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db601ff3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuhn, Gerhard","contributorId":102080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuhn","given":"Gerhard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Daddow, P. 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Surface-water discharge was determined at 11,076 stations; stage data on streams, reservoirs, and lakes were recorded at 2,136 stations; and surface-water quality was determined at 4,610 stations. Ground-water levels were measured at 35,621 stations, and the quality of ground water was determined at 7,648 stations nationwide. Information on precipitation quantity was collected at 800 stations, and quality of precipitation was analyzed at 121 stations. Funding support for the hydrologic stations was derived either solely or from a combination of three major sources--the Geological Survey's Federal Program, the Federal-State Cooperative Program, and reimbursements from other Federal agencies.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr83862","usgsCitation":"Condes de la Torre, A., 1983, Operation of hydrologic data collection stations by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-862, iv, 35 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr83862.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0862/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47888,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0862/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af1e4b07f02db6917d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Condes de la Torre, Alberto","contributorId":73570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Condes de la Torre","given":"Alberto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":179301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}