{"pageNumber":"534","pageRowStart":"13325","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40783,"records":[{"id":70168475,"text":"70168475 - 2015 - High-tech or field techs: Radio-telemetry is a cost-effective method for reducing bias in songbird nest searching","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T15:42:07","indexId":"70168475","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-tech or field techs: Radio-telemetry is a cost-effective method for reducing bias in songbird nest searching","docAbstract":"<p><span>We compared the efficacy of standard nest-searching methods with finding nests via radio-tagged birds to assess how search technique influenced our determination of nest-site characteristics and nest success for Golden-winged Warblers (</span><i><i>Vermivora chrysoptera</i></i><span>). We also evaluated the cost-effectiveness of using radio-tagged birds to find nests. Using standard nest-searching techniques for 3 populations, we found 111 nests in locations with habitat characteristics similar to those described in previous studies: edges between forest and relatively open areas of early successional vegetation or shrubby wetlands, with 43% within 5 m of forest edge. The 83 nests found using telemetry were about half as likely (23%) to be within 5 m of forest edge. We spent little time searching &gt;25 m into forest because published reports state that Golden-winged Warblers do not nest there. However, 14 nests found using telemetry (18%) were &gt;25 m into forest. We modeled nest success using nest-searching method, nest age, and distance to forest edge as explanatory variables. Nest-searching method explained nest success better than nest age alone; we estimated that nests found using telemetry were 10% more likely to fledge young than nests found using standard nest-searching methods. Although radio-telemetry was more expensive than standard nest searching, the cost-effectiveness of both methods differed depending on searcher experience, amount of equipment owned, and bird population density. Our results demonstrate that telemetry can be an effective method for reducing bias in Golden-winged Warbler nest samples, can be cost competitive with standard nest-searching methods in some situations, and is likely to be a useful approach for finding nests of other forest-nesting songbirds.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Club","publisherLocation":"Santa Clara, CA","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-14-124.1","usgsCitation":"Peterson, S.M., Streby, H.M., Lehman, J.A., Kramer, G.R., Fish, A.C., and Andersen, D., 2015, High-tech or field techs: Radio-telemetry is a cost-effective method for reducing bias in songbird nest searching: The Condor, v. 117, no. 3, p. 386-395, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-14-124.1.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"386","endPage":"395","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058693","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit 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Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kramer, Gunnar R.","contributorId":94184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kramer","given":"Gunnar","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":34539,"text":"Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fish, Alexander C.","contributorId":166964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fish","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Andersen, David E. 0000-0001-9535-3404 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,{"id":70169077,"text":"70169077 - 2015 - Reducing fertilizer-nitrogen losses from rowcrop landscapes: Insights and implications from a spatially explicit watershed model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-17T11:58:40","indexId":"70169077","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reducing fertilizer-nitrogen losses from rowcrop landscapes: Insights and implications from a spatially explicit watershed model","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present conceptual and quantitative models that predict changes in fertilizer-derived nitrogen delivery from rowcrop landscapes caused by agricultural conservation efforts implemented to reduce nutrient inputs and transport and increase nutrient retention in the landscape. To evaluate the relative importance of changes in the sources, transport, and sinks of fertilizer-derived nitrogen across a region, we use the spatially explicit SPAtially Referenced Regression On Watershed attributes watershed model to map the distribution, at the small watershed scale within the Upper Mississippi-Ohio River Basin (UMORB), of: (1) fertilizer inputs; (2) nutrient attenuation during delivery of those inputs to the UMORB outlet; and (3) nitrogen export from the UMORB outlet. Comparing these spatial distributions suggests that the amount of fertilizer input and degree of nutrient attenuation are both important in determining the extent of nitrogen export. From a management perspective, this means that agricultural conservation efforts to reduce nitrogen export would benefit by: (1) expanding their focus to include activities that restore and enhance nutrient processing in these highly altered landscapes; and (2) targeting specific types of best management practices to watersheds where they will be most valuable. Doing so successfully may result in a shift in current approaches to conservation planning, outreach, and funding.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12333","usgsCitation":"McLellan, E., Schilling, K., and Robertson, D.M., 2015, Reducing fertilizer-nitrogen losses from rowcrop landscapes: Insights and implications from a spatially explicit watershed model: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 51, no. 4, p. 1003-1019, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12333.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1003","endPage":"1019","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056112","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318938,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Corn 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,{"id":70158931,"text":"70158931 - 2015 - Influence of in ovo mercury exposure, lake acidity, and other factors on common loon egg and chick quality in Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-08T12:01:47","indexId":"70158931","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of in ovo mercury exposure, lake acidity, and other factors on common loon egg and chick quality in Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p>A field study was conducted in Wisconsin (USA) to characterize in ovo mercury (Hg) exposure in common loons (Gavia immer). Total Hg mass fractions ranged from 0.17 mg/g to 1.23mg/g wet weight in eggs collected from nests on lakes representing a wide range of pH (5.0&ndash;8.1) and were modeled as a function of maternal loon Hg exposure and egg laying order. Blood total Hg mass fractions in a sample of loon chicks ranged from 0.84ug/g to 3.86 ug/g wet weight at hatch. Factors other than mercury exposure that may have persistent consequences on development of chicks from eggs collected on low-pH lakes (i.e., egg selenium, calcium, and fatty acid mass fractions) do not seem to be contributing to reported differences in loon chick quality as a function of lake pH. However, it was observed that adult male loons holding territories on neutral-pH lakes were larger on average than those occupying territories on low-pH lakes. Differences in adult body size of common loons holding territories on neutral-versus low-pH lakes may have genetic implications for differences in lake-source-related quality (i.e., size) in chicks. The tendency for high in ovo Hg exposure and smaller adult male size to co-occur in low-pH lakes complicates the interpretation of the relative contributions of each to resulting chick quality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.3001","usgsCitation":"Kenow, K.P., Meyer, M.W., Rossmann, R., Gray, B.R., and Arts, M.T., 2015, Influence of in ovo mercury exposure, lake acidity, and other factors on common loon egg and chick quality in Wisconsin: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 34, no. 8, p. 1870-1880, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1870","endPage":"1880","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061540","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309781,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","county":"Iron 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,{"id":70156544,"text":"70156544 - 2015 - Ignimbrites to batholiths: integrating perspectives from geological, geophysical, and geochronological data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T15:37:28","indexId":"70156544","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ignimbrites to batholiths: integrating perspectives from geological, geophysical, and geochronological data","docAbstract":"<p><span>Multistage histories of incremental accumulation, fractionation, and solidification during construction of large subvolcanic magma bodies that remained sufficiently liquid to erupt are recorded by Tertiary ignimbrites, source calderas, and granitoid intrusions associated with large gravity lows at the Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field (SRMVF). Geophysical data combined with geological constraints and comparisons with tilted plutons and magmatic-arc sections elsewhere are consistent with the presence of vertically extensive (&gt;20 km) intermediate to silicic batholiths (with intrusive:extrusive ratios of 10:1 or greater) beneath the major SRMVF volcanic loci (Sawatch, San Juan, Questa-Latir). Isotopic data require involvement of voluminous mantle-derived mafic magmas on a scale equal to or greater than that of the intermediate to silicic volcanic and plutonic rocks. Early waxing-stage intrusions (35&ndash;30 Ma) that fed intermediate-composition central volcanoes of the San Juan locus are more widespread than the geophysically defined batholith; these likely heated and processed the crust, preparatory for ignimbrite volcanism (32&ndash;27 Ma) and large-scale upper-crustal batholith growth. Age and compositional similarities indicate that SRMVF ignimbrites and granitic intrusions are closely related, but the extent to which the plutons record remnants of former magma reservoirs that lost melt to volcanic eruptions has been controversial. Published Ar/Ar-feldspar and U-Pb-zircon ages for plutons spatially associated with ignimbrite calderas document final crystallization of granitoid intrusions at times indistinguishable from the tuff to ages several million years younger. These ages also show that SRMVF caldera-related intrusions cooled and solidified soon after zircon crystallization, as magma supply waned. Some researchers interpret these results as recording pluton assembly in small increments that crystallized rapidly, leading to temporal disconnects between ignimbrite eruption and intrusion growth. Alternatively, crystallization ages of the granitic rocks are here inferred to record late solidification, after protracted open-system evolution involving voluminous mantle input, lengthy residence (10</span><sup>5</sup><span>&ndash;10</span><sup>6</sup><span>yr) as near-solidus crystal mush, and intermittent separation of liquid to supply volcanic eruptions. The compositions of the least-evolved ignimbrite magmas tend to merge with those of caldera-related plutons, suggesting that the plutons record nonerupted parts of long-lived cogenetic magmatic systems, variably modified prior to final solidification. Precambrian-source zircons are scarce in caldera plutons, in contrast to their abundance in some peripheral waning-stage intrusions of the SRMVF, implying dissolution of inherited crustal zircon during lengthy magma assembly for the ignimbrite eruptions and construction of a subvolcanic batholith. Broad age spans of zircons (to several million years) from individual samples of some ignimbrites and intrusions, commonly averaged and interpreted as &ldquo;intrusion-emplacement age,&rdquo; alternatively provide an incomplete record of intermittent crystallization during protracted incremental magma-body assembly, with final solidification only when the system began to wane. Analyses of whole zircons cannot resolve late stages of crystal growth, and early growth in a long-lived magmatic system may be poorly recorded due to periods of zircon dissolution. Overall, construction of a batholith can take longer than recorded by zircon-crystallization ages, while the time interval for separation and shallow assembly of eruptible magma may be much shorter. Magma-supply estimates (from ages and volcano-plutonic volumes) yield focused intrusion-assembly rates sufficient to generate ignimbrite-scale volumes of eruptible magma, based on published thermal models. Mid-Tertiary processes of batholith assembly associated with the SRMVF caused drastic chemical and physical reconstruction of the entire lithosphere, probably accompanied by asthenospheric input.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01091.1","usgsCitation":"Lipman, P.W., and Bachmann, O., 2015, Ignimbrites to batholiths: integrating perspectives from geological, geophysical, and geochronological data: Geosphere, v. 11, p. 705-743, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01091.1.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"705","endPage":"743","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056442","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471914,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01091.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.5506591796875,\n              36.65519950187347\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.5506591796875,\n              39.51675478434244\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.0677490234375,\n              39.51675478434244\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.0677490234375,\n              36.65519950187347\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.5506591796875,\n              36.65519950187347\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91b5e4b0518e354dd177","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lipman, Peter W. 0000-0001-9175-6118 plipman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-6118","contributorId":3486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"Peter","email":"plipman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":569444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bachmann, Olivier","contributorId":101030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachmann","given":"Olivier","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156553,"text":"70156553 - 2015 - Impact of experimental habitat manipulation on northern bobwhite survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-02T15:49:51.420828","indexId":"70156553","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact of experimental habitat manipulation on northern bobwhite survival","docAbstract":"<p>Habitat management for northern bobwhite (<i>Colinus virginianus</i>) should affect vital rates, but direct linkages with survival are not well documented; therefore, we implemented an experiment to evaluate those responses. We conducted our experiment on a reclaimed surface mine, a novel landscape where conditions were considered sub-optimal because of the dominance of non-native vegetation, such as sericea lespedeza (<i>Lespedeza cuneata</i>), which has been reported to provide marginal habitat for northern bobwhite and may negatively affect survival. Nonetheless, these areas have great potential for contributing to bobwhite conservation because of the amount of early successional cover they provide. Our study site, a 3,330-ha reclaimed surface mine in western Kentucky, consisted of 2 tracts (Sinclair and Ken, 1,471&thinsp;ha and 1,853&thinsp;ha, respectively) that served as replicates with each randomly divided into a treatment (i.e., habitat manipulation through a combination of disking, burning, and herbicide application) and an undisturbed control (<i>n</i>&thinsp;=&thinsp;4 experimental units). Habitat treatments were applied October 2009 to September 2013. We used radio telemetry to monitor northern bobwhite (<i>n</i>&thinsp;=&thinsp;1,198) during summer (1 Apr&ndash;30 Sep) and winter (1 Oct&ndash;31 Mar), 2009&ndash;2013. We used the known-fate model in Program MARK to evaluate treatment effects on seasonal survival rates. We included biological, home-range, landscape, and microhabitat metrics as covariates to help improve model sensitivity and further elucidate experimental impacts. Survival varied annually, ranging from 0.139 (SE&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.031) to 0.301 (SE&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.032), and seasonally (summer, 0.148 [SE&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.015]; winter, 0.281 [SE&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.022]). We found a treatment effect (<i>&beta;</i>&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.256, 95% CI&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.057&ndash;0.456) with a seasonal interaction (<i>&beta;</i>&thinsp; =&thinsp;&minus;0.598, 95% CI&thinsp;=&thinsp;&minus;0.898 to &minus;0.298) with survival being higher in summer (0.179 [SE&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.022] vs. 0.109 [SE&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.019]) and lower in winter (0.233 [SE&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.025] vs. 0.355 [SE&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.035]) on treatment than control units. Among habitat covariates, litter depth (<i>&beta;</i>&thinsp;=&thinsp;&minus;0.387, 95%CI&thinsp;=&thinsp;&minus;0.5809 to &minus;0.1930) was the most influential effect (negative) on survival. Additional experiments across a wider range of habitat conditions may be required to determine management intensity or duration thresholds required to elicit greater changes in survival for northern bobwhite populations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.873","usgsCitation":"Peters, D.C., Brooke, J.M., Tanner, E.P., Unger, A.M., Keyser, P.D., Harper, C.A., Clark, J.D., and Morgan, J.J., 2015, Impact of experimental habitat manipulation on northern bobwhite survival: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 4, p. 605-617, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.873.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"605","endPage":"617","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-10-01","temporalEnd":"2013-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-064427","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307409,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky","county":"Muhlenberg County, Ohio County","otherGeospatial":"Peabody Wildlife Management Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.28,\n              37.35650493406935\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.28,\n              37.1654705825792\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.6500553570194,\n              37.1654705825792\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.6500553570194,\n              37.35650493406935\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.28,\n              37.35650493406935\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91b5e4b0518e354dd179","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peters, David C.","contributorId":146941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":569485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brooke, Jarred M.","contributorId":146940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brooke","given":"Jarred","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":569486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tanner, Evan P.","contributorId":146943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanner","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":569487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Unger, Ashley M.","contributorId":146942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Unger","given":"Ashley","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":569488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keyser, Patrick D.","contributorId":146945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keyser","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":569489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harper, Craig A.","contributorId":146944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harper","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":569490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Clark, Joseph D. 0000-0002-8547-8112 jclark1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8547-8112","contributorId":2265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Joseph","email":"jclark1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":569484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Morgan, John J.","contributorId":146946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morgan","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13409,"text":"Kentucky Department of Fish & Wildlife Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":569491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70155927,"text":"70155927 - 2015 - Framework for modeling urban restoration resilience time in the aftermath of an extreme event","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-13T11:40:21","indexId":"70155927","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2823,"text":"Natural Hazards Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Framework for modeling urban restoration resilience time in the aftermath of an extreme event","docAbstract":"<p>The impacts of extreme events continue long after the emergency response has terminated. Effective reconstruction of supply-chain strategic infrastructure (SCSI) elements is essential for postevent recovery and the reconnectivity of a region with the outside. This study uses an interdisciplinary approach to develop a comprehensive framework to model resilience time. The framework is tested by comparing resilience time results for a simulated EF-5 tornado with ground truth data from the tornado that devastated Joplin, Missouri, on May 22, 2011. Data for the simulated tornado were derived for Overland Park, Johnson County, Kansas, in the greater Kansas City, Missouri, area. Given the simulated tornado, a combinatorial graph considering the damages in terms of interconnectivity between different SCSI elements is derived. Reconstruction in the aftermath of the simulated tornado is optimized using the proposed framework to promote a rapid recovery of the SCSI. This research shows promising results when compared with the independent quantifiable data obtained from Joplin, Missouri, returning a resilience time of 22 days compared with 25 days reported by city and state officials.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000184","usgsCitation":"Ramachandran, V., Long, S.K., Shoberg, T.G., Corns, S., and Carlo, H., 2015, Framework for modeling urban restoration resilience time in the aftermath of an extreme event: Natural Hazards Review, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000184.","productDescription":"04015005; 11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042468","costCenters":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Johnson","city":"Overland Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.71588134765625,\n              38.9278999330871\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.71588134765625,\n              38.99570671505043\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.61975097656249,\n              38.99570671505043\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.61975097656249,\n              38.9278999330871\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.71588134765625,\n              38.9278999330871\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7eee1e4b0bc0bec09ed68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramachandran, Varun","contributorId":146269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramachandran","given":"Varun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16655,"text":"Dept. of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, Suzanna K.","contributorId":146270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Suzanna","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":16655,"text":"Dept. of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shoberg, Thomas G. 0000-0003-0173-1246 tshoberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0173-1246","contributorId":3764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shoberg","given":"Thomas","email":"tshoberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Corns, Steven","contributorId":146271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corns","given":"Steven","affiliations":[{"id":16655,"text":"Dept. of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carlo, Héctor","contributorId":146272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlo","given":"Héctor","affiliations":[{"id":16656,"text":"Dept. of Industrial Engineering, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70154922,"text":"70154922 - 2015 - Metallogeny, exploitation and environmental impact of the Mt. Amiata mercury ore district (Southern Tuscany, Italy)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T09:18:16","indexId":"70154922","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3899,"text":"Italian Journal of Geosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metallogeny, exploitation and environmental impact of the Mt. Amiata mercury ore district (Southern Tuscany, Italy)","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-2\">The Mt. Amiata mining district (Southern Tuscany, Italy) is a world class Hg district, with a cumulate production of more than 100,000 tonnes of Hg, mostly occurring between 1870 and 1980. The Hg mineralization at Mt. Amiata is younger than 0.3 Ma, and is directly related to shallow hydrothermal systems similar to present-day geothermal fields of the region. There is likely a continuum of Hg deposition to present day, because Hg emission from geothermal power plants is on-going. In this sense, the Mt. Amiata deposits present some analogies with &ldquo;hot-spring type&rdquo; deposits of western USA, although an ore deposit model for the district has not been established. Specifically, the source of Hg remains highly speculative. The mineralizing hydrothermal fluids are of low temperature, and of essentially meteoric origin.</p>\n<p id=\"p-3\">Recent results by our research group indicate that, 30 years after mine closure, the environmental effects of Hg contamination related to mining are still recorded by the ecosystem, namely on waterways of the Paglia and Tiber River basins. In particular, the close spatial connection between the town of Abbadia San Salvatore, the Hg mine within its immediate neighborhood, and the drainage catchment of the Paglia River has an influence also on Hg speciation, transported mainly in the particulate form by the river system. The extent of Hg contamination has been identified at least 100 km from Abbadia San Salvatore along the Paglia-Tiber River system.</p>\n<p id=\"p-4\">Estimated annual Hg mass loads transported by the Paglia River to the Tiber River were about 11 kg yr<sup>&minus;1</sup>. However, there is evidence that flood events may enhance Hg mobilization in the Paglia River basin, increasing Hg concentrations in stream sediment. The high methyl-Hg/Hg ratio in water in this area is an additional factor of great concern due to the potential harmful effects on human and wildlife health.</p>\n<p id=\"p-5\">Results of our studies indicate that the Mt. Amiata region is at present a source of Hg of remarkable environmental concern at the local, regional (Tiber River), and Mediterranean scales. Ongoing studies are aimed to a more detailed quantification of the Hg mass load input to the Mediterranean Sea, and to unravel the processes concerning Hg transport and fluid dynamics. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Società geologica italiana","doi":"10.3301/IJG.2015.02","usgsCitation":"Rimondi, V., Chiarantini, L., Lattanzi, P., Benvenuti, M., Beutel, M., Colica, A., Costagliola, P., Di Benedetto, F., Gabbani, G., Gray, J.E., Pandeli, E., Pattelli, G., Paolieri, M., and Ruggieri, G., 2015, Metallogeny, exploitation and environmental impact of the Mt. Amiata mercury ore district (Southern Tuscany, Italy): Italian Journal of Geosciences, v. 134, no. 2, p. 323-336, https://doi.org/10.3301/IJG.2015.02.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"336","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058251","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308168,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","state":"Tuscany","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              10.107421874999998,\n              42.90816007196054\n            ],\n            [\n              11.77734375,\n              41.80407814427234\n            ],\n            [\n              14.501953124999998,\n              41.80407814427234\n            ],\n            [\n              14.0625,\n              44.08758502824516\n            ],\n            [\n              11.77734375,\n              44.18220395771566\n            ],\n            [\n              10.107421874999998,\n              42.90816007196054\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"134","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92c3e4b05d6c4e501aa9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rimondi, V.","contributorId":28820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rimondi","given":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chiarantini, L.","contributorId":145498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chiarantini","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16135,"text":"University of Florence","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lattanzi, P.","contributorId":40034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lattanzi","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Benvenuti, M.","contributorId":145499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benvenuti","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16135,"text":"University of Florence","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beutel, M.","contributorId":145500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beutel","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5127,"text":"Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Colica, A.","contributorId":145501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colica","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16135,"text":"University of Florence","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Costagliola, P.","contributorId":86988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costagliola","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Di Benedetto, F.","contributorId":145502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Di Benedetto","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16135,"text":"University of Florence","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gabbani, G.","contributorId":145503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gabbani","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16135,"text":"University of Florence","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gray, John E. jgray@usgs.gov","contributorId":1275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","email":"jgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pandeli, E.","contributorId":145506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pandeli","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16135,"text":"University of Florence","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Pattelli, G.","contributorId":145504,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pattelli","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16135,"text":"University of Florence","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Paolieri, M.","contributorId":87455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paolieri","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Ruggieri, G.","contributorId":145505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruggieri","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16136,"text":"Institute of Geosciences, Florence","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70159431,"text":"70159431 - 2015 - Holocene variability in the intensity of wind-gap upwelling in the tropical eastern Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-29T10:53:53","indexId":"70159431","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3002,"text":"Paleoceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene variability in the intensity of wind-gap upwelling in the tropical eastern Pacific","docAbstract":"<p>Wind-driven upwelling in Pacific Panam&aacute; is a significant source of oceanographic variability in the tropical eastern Pacific. This upwelling system provides a critical teleconnection between the Atlantic and tropical Pacific that may impact climate variability on a global scale. Despite its importance to oceanographic circulation, ecology, and climate, little is known about the long-term stability of the Panamanian upwelling system or its interaction with climatic forcing on millennial time scales. Using a combination of radiocarbon and U-series dating of fossil corals collected in cores from five sites across Pacific Panam&aacute;, we reconstructed the local radiocarbon reservoir correction, &Delta;R, from ~6750 cal B.P. to present. Because the &Delta;R of shallow-water environments is elevated by upwelling, our data set represents a millennial-scale record of spatial and temporal variability of the Panamanian upwelling system. The general oceanographic gradient from relatively strong upwelling in the Gulf of Panam&aacute; to weak-to-absent upwelling in the Gulf of Chiriqu&iacute; was present throughout our record; however, the intensity of upwelling in the Gulf of Panam&aacute; varied significantly through time. Our reconstructions suggest that upwelling in the Gulf of Panam&aacute; is weak at present; however, the middle Holocene was characterized by periods of enhanced upwelling, with the most intense upwelling occurring just after of a regional shutdown in the development of reefs at ~4100 cal B.P. Comparisons with regional climate proxies suggest that, whereas the Intertropical Convergence Zone is the primary control on modern upwelling in Pacific Panam&aacute;, the El Ni&ntilde;o&ndash;Southern Oscillation drove the millennial-scale variability of upwelling during the Holocene.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015PA002794","usgsCitation":"Toth, L., Aronson, R.B., Cheng, H., and Edwards, R.L., 2015, Holocene variability in the intensity of wind-gap upwelling in the tropical eastern Pacific: Paleoceanography, v. 30, no. 8, p. 1113-1131, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015PA002794.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"1113","endPage":"1131","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063612","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471909,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015pa002794","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":310755,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Panama","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Chiriqui, Gulf of Panama","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.90283203125,\n              6.54455998565331\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.90283203125,\n              9.09124858577939\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.06884765624999,\n              9.09124858577939\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.06884765624999,\n              6.54455998565331\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.90283203125,\n              6.54455998565331\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5633433de4b048076347eecb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toth, Lauren T. ltoth@usgs.gov","contributorId":149483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toth","given":"Lauren T.","email":"ltoth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":578589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aronson, Richard B.","contributorId":76233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aronson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheng, Hai","contributorId":85896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Hai","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, R. Lawrence","contributorId":69760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lawrence","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70155958,"text":"70155958 - 2015 - Comparison of reintroduction and enhancement effects on metapopulation viability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-13T13:28:13","indexId":"70155958","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of reintroduction and enhancement effects on metapopulation viability","docAbstract":"<p>Metapopulation viability depends upon a balance of extinction and colonization of local habitats by a species. Mechanisms that can affect this balance include physical characteristics related to natural processes (e.g. succession) as well as anthropogenic actions. Plant restorations can help to produce favorable metapopulation dynamics and consequently increase viability; however, to date no studies confirm this is true. Population viability analysis (PVA) allows for the use of empirical data to generate theoretical future projections in the form of median time to extinction and probability of extinction. In turn, PVAs can inform and aid the development of conservation, recovery, and management plans. Pitcher's thistle (Cirsium pitcheri) is a dune endemic that exhibited metapopulation dynamics. We projected viability of three natural and two restored populations with demographic data spanning 15&ndash;23&thinsp;years to determine the degree the addition of reintroduced population affects metapopulation viability. The models were validated by comparing observed and projected abundances and adjusting parameters associated with demographic and environmental stochasticity to improve model performance. Our chosen model correctly predicted yearly population abundance for 60% of the population-years. Using that model, 50-year projections showed that the addition of reintroductions increases metapopulation viability. The reintroduction that simulated population performance in early-successional habitats had the maximum benefit. In situ enhancements of existing populations proved to be equally effective. This study shows that restorations can facilitate and improve metapopulation viability of species dependent on metapopulation dynamics for survival with long-term persistence of C. pitcheri in Indiana likely to depend on continued active management.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell Publishing","publisherLocation":"Maldon, MA","doi":"10.1111/rec.12191","usgsCitation":"Halsey, S., Bell, T.J., McEachern, K., and Pavlovic, N.B., 2015, Comparison of reintroduction and enhancement effects on metapopulation viability: Restoration Ecology, v. 23, no. 4, p. 375-384, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12191.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"375","endPage":"384","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052380","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306659,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","volume":"23","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfade4b08400b1fe13dc","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/rec.12191","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rec.12191","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Halsey Samniqueka J., Bell Timothy J., McEachern Kathryn, Pavlovic Noel B.","journalName":"Restoration Ecology","publicationDate":"3/9/2015","auditedOn":"9/3/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halsey, Samniqueka J","contributorId":146325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Halsey","given":"Samniqueka J","affiliations":[{"id":16668,"text":"Chicago State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bell, Timothy J.","contributorId":70885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McEachern, Kathryn 0000-0003-2631-8247 kathryn_mceachern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-8247","contributorId":146324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEachern","given":"Kathryn","email":"kathryn_mceachern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pavlovic, Noel B. 0000-0002-2335-2274 npavlovic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2335-2274","contributorId":1976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlovic","given":"Noel","email":"npavlovic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70168388,"text":"70168388 - 2015 - Spatial scaling patterns and functional redundancies in a changing boreal lake landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T10:14:18","indexId":"70168388","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial scaling patterns and functional redundancies in a changing boreal lake landscape","docAbstract":"<p>Global transformations extend beyond local habitats; therefore, larger-scale approaches are needed to assess community-level responses and resilience to unfolding environmental changes. Using longterm data (1996&ndash;2011), we evaluated spatial patterns and functional redundancies in the littoral invertebrate communities of 85 Swedish lakes, with the objective of assessing their potential resilience to environmental change at regional scales (that is, spatial resilience). Multivariate spatial modeling was used to differentiate groups of invertebrate species exhibiting spatial patterns in composition and abundance (that is, deterministic species) from those lacking spatial patterns (that is, stochastic species). We then determined the functional feeding attributes of the deterministic and stochastic invertebrate species, to infer resilience. Between one and three distinct spatial patterns in invertebrate composition and abundance were identified in approximately one-third of the species; the remainder were stochastic. We observed substantial differences in metrics between deterministic and stochastic species. Functional richness and diversity decreased over time in the deterministic group, suggesting a loss of resilience in regional invertebrate communities. However, taxon richness and redundancy increased monotonically in the stochastic group, indicating the capacity of regional invertebrate communities to adapt to change. Our results suggest that a refined picture of spatial resilience emerges if patterns of both the deterministic and stochastic species are accounted for. Spatially extensive monitoring may help increase our mechanistic understanding of community-level responses and resilience to regional environmental change, insights that are critical for developing management and conservation agendas in this current period of rapid environmental transformation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-015-9871-z","usgsCitation":"Angeler, D., Allen, C.R., Uden, D.R., and Johnson, R.K., 2015, Spatial scaling patterns and functional redundancies in a changing boreal lake landscape: Ecosystems, v. 18, no. 5, p. 889-902, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-015-9871-z.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"889","endPage":"902","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061373","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317936,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Sweden","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[22.18317,65.72374],[21.21352,65.02601],[21.36963,64.41359],[19.77888,63.60955],[17.84778,62.7494],[17.11955,61.34117],[17.83135,60.63658],[18.78772,60.08191],[17.86922,58.95377],[16.82919,58.71983],[16.44771,57.04112],[15.87979,56.1043],[14.66668,56.20089],[14.10072,55.40778],[12.94291,55.36174],[12.6251,56.30708],[11.78794,57.44182],[11.02737,58.85615],[11.46827,59.43239],[12.30037,60.11793],[12.63115,61.29357],[11.99206,61.80036],[11.93057,63.12832],[12.57994,64.06622],[13.57192,64.04911],[13.91991,64.44542],[13.55569,64.78703],[15.10841,66.19387],[16.10871,67.30246],[16.76888,68.01394],[17.72918,68.01055],[17.99387,68.56739],[19.87856,68.40719],[20.02527,69.06514],[20.64559,69.10625],[21.97853,68.61685],[23.53947,67.93601],[23.56588,66.39605],[23.90338,66.00693],[22.18317,65.72374]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Sweden\"}}]}","volume":"18","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bdbecce4b06458514aeee4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Uden, Daniel R.","contributorId":74258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Uden","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Richard K.","contributorId":21810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70157111,"text":"70157111 - 2015 - Ground-truthing electrical resistivity methods in support of submarine groundwater discharge studies: Examples from Hawaii, Washington, and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-13T16:54:57.840505","indexId":"70157111","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3928,"text":"Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics","printIssn":"1083-1363","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-truthing electrical resistivity methods in support of submarine groundwater discharge studies: Examples from Hawaii, Washington, and California","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-1\">Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is an important conduit that links terrestrial and marine environments. SGD conveys both water and water-borne constituents into coastal waters, where these inflows may impact near-shore ecosystem health and sustainability. Multichannel electrical resistivity techniques have proven to be a powerful tool to examine scales and dynamics of SGD and SGD forcings. However, there are uncertainties both in data aquisition and data processing that must be addressed to maximize the effectiveness of this tool in estuarine or marine environments. These issues most often relate to discerning subtle nuances in the flow of electricity through variably saturated media that can also be highly conductive (<i>i.e.,</i>&nbsp;seawater).</p>\n<p id=\"p-2\">Three contrasting field sites were examined for this study to assess the effectiveness of electrical resistivity techniques in varying coastal settings by comparing resistivity data to direct salinity and resistivity observations, quantifying changes in lithology and beach geomorphology, and fine-tuning inversion protocols. The three study sites all have substantial (up to 85&nbsp;cm&nbsp;day<span>&minus;1</span>) submarine groundwater discharge rates, but the hydrologic, oceanographic, and geologic characteristics of the sites are all very different. At a site in Pelekane Bay on the Big Island of Hawaii, seasonal flooding introduces very high concentrations of fine to coarse sediment into the bay. Near-shore circulation is limited in Pelekane Bay, so this newly introduced sediment can become deposited in the bay where it accumulates over time. At a site in Hood Canal, a fjord within Puget Sound, Washington, SGD rates can be high because of the large tidal range, abundant recharge, and steep hydrologic gradients. At Younger Lagoon in northern California, the flow of groundwater towards the coast is much more parsimonious, but here marine processes, including recirculated seawater, are important in controlling the flow of material towards the coast.</p>\n<p id=\"p-3\">Rigorous ground-truthing at each field site showed that multi-channel electrcial resistivity techniques can reproduce the scales and dynamics of a seepage field when such data are correctly collected, and when the model inversions are tuned to field site characteristics. Such information can provide a unique perspective on the scales and dynamics of exchange processes within a coastal aquifer&mdash;information essential to scientists and resource managers alike.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society","publisherLocation":"Englewood, CO","doi":"10.2113/JEEG20.1.81","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C., Swarzenski, P.W., Richardson, C.M., Smith, C.G., Kroeger, K.D., and Ganguli, P.M., 2015, Ground-truthing electrical resistivity methods in support of submarine groundwater discharge studies: Examples from Hawaii, Washington, and California: Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics, v. 20, no. 1, p. 81-87, https://doi.org/10.2113/JEEG20.1.81.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"87","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061829","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308201,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Hawaii, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Hood Canal, Pelekane Bay, Puget Sound, Younger Lagoon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.1842041015625,\n              47.28295557691231\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.1842041015625,\n              47.95314495015594\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4920654296875,\n              47.95314495015594\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4920654296875,\n              47.28295557691231\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.1842041015625,\n              47.28295557691231\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.01959228515625,\n              19.83906000930461\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.01959228515625,\n              20.19905717998772\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.79849243164062,\n              20.19905717998772\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.79849243164062,\n              19.83906000930461\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.01959228515625,\n              19.83906000930461\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.06909179687501,\n            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Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter W. 0000-0003-0116-0578 pswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":1070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","email":"pswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richardson, Christina M. 0000-0003-0597-8836","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0597-8836","contributorId":147438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richardson","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6948,"text":"UC Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Christopher G. 0000-0002-8075-4763 cgsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-4763","contributorId":3410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Christopher","email":"cgsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kroeger, Kevin D. 0000-0002-4272-2349 kkroeger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4272-2349","contributorId":1603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroeger","given":"Kevin","email":"kkroeger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":41100,"text":"Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ganguli, Priya M.","contributorId":147439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ganguli","given":"Priya","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6948,"text":"UC Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70158671,"text":"70158671 - 2015 - Book review: Biology and conservation of North American tortoises","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-11T12:09:39","indexId":"70158671","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Biology and conservation of North American tortoises","docAbstract":"<p>The charismatic North American tortoises hold a special place in our culture and natural history. Despite the perseverance of these tortoises over millions of years, biologists now question their ability to persist into the future. In light of documented declines, habitat loss, and numerous threats to tortoise populations, the editors gathered a diverse group of researchers to review what we have learned about this group after decades of study, to summarize gaps in the literature, and to reflect on how we may use the current state of knowledge to conserve these fascinating species. Initially intended as a focused review of the two most well-studied species in the genus <i>Gopherus</i>, <i>G. agassizii</i> (Mohave Desert Tortoise) and <i>G. polyphemus</i> (Gopher Tortoise), the book developed into a comprehensive treatment of the entire genus. The editors offer the work as a resource to professional biologists and agencies working with North American tortoises as well as a teaching aid, hobbyist&rsquo;s reference, and casual read for nature-lovers&mdash;although we presume that the former group is more likely to benefit than the latter. Although the book&rsquo;s size appears modest, the content delivers an in-depth look at the five recognized tortoise species.</p>\n<p>Review info:&nbsp;<i>Biology and Conservation of North American Tortoises.</i>&nbsp;Edited by David C. Rostal, Earl D. McCoy, and Henry R. Mushinsky, 2014. ISBN 978-1421413778, 190 pp.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"Munoz, D., and Aiello, C.M., 2015, Book review: Biology and conservation of North American tortoises: Herpetological Review, v. 46, no. 2, p. 288-289.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"288","endPage":"289","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062960","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309705,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":309704,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.zenscientist.com/index.php/pdflibrary2/Open-Access-Files/ssar_public/Herpetological-Review-1967-2015/2015-Herpetological-Review-46(2)-June/"}],"volume":"46","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5614f0e3e4b0ba4884c611f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Munoz, David","contributorId":149004,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munoz","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":17615,"text":"Dep't of Ecosystem Science and Management, Penn State, PA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":576430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiello, Christina M. 0000-0002-2399-5464 caiello@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2399-5464","contributorId":5617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiello","given":"Christina","email":"caiello@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156091,"text":"70156091 - 2015 - Water masses, ocean fronts, and the structure of Antarctic seabird communities: putting the eastern Bellingshausen Sea in perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-21T16:08:42.453927","indexId":"70156091","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1371,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water masses, ocean fronts, and the structure of Antarctic seabird communities: putting the eastern Bellingshausen Sea in perspective","docAbstract":"<p><span>Waters off the western Antarctic Peninsula (i.e., the eastern Bellingshausen Sea) are unusually complex owing to the convergence of several major fronts. Determining the relative influence of fronts on occurrence patterns of top-trophic species in that area, therefore, has been challenging. In one of the few ocean-wide seabird data syntheses, in this case for the Southern Ocean, we analyzed ample, previously collected cruise data, Antarctic-wide, to determine seabird species assemblages and quantitative relationships to fronts as a way to provide context to the long-term Palmer LTER and the winter Southern Ocean GLOBEC studies in the eastern Bellingshausen Sea. Fronts investigated during both winter (April&ndash;September) and summer (October&ndash;March) were the southern boundary of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), which separates the High Antarctic from the Low Antarctic water mass, and within which are embedded the marginal ice zone and Antarctic Shelf Break Front; and the Antarctic Polar Front, which separates the Low Antarctic and the Subantarctic water masses. We used clustering to determine species' groupings with water masses, and generalized additive models to relate species' densities, biomass and diversity to distance to respective fronts. Antarctic-wide, in both periods, highest seabird densities and lowest species diversity were found in the High Antarctic water mass. In the eastern Bellingshausen, seabird density in the High Antarctic water mass was lower (as low as half that of winter) than found in other Antarctic regions. During winter, Antarctic-wide, two significant species groups were evident: one dominated by Ad&eacute;lie penguins (</span><i>Pygoscelis adeliae</i><span>) (High Antarctic water mass) and the other by petrels and prions (no differentiation among water masses); in eastern Bellingshausen waters during winter, the one significant species group was composed of species from both Antarctic-wide groups. In summer, Antarctic-wide, a High Antarctic group dominated by Ad&eacute;lie penguins, a Low Antarctic group dominated by petrels, and a Subantarctic group dominated by albatross were evident. In eastern Bellingshausen waters during summer, groups were inconsistent. With regard to frontal features, Antarctic-wide in winter, distance to the ice edge was an important explanatory factor for nine of 14 species, distance to the Antarctic Polar Front for six species and distance to the Shelf Break Front for six species; however, these Antarctic-wide models could not successfully predict spatial relationships of winter seabird density (individual species or total) and biomass in the eastern Bellingshausen. Antarctic-wide in summer, distance to land/Antarctic continent was important for 10 of 18 species, not a surprising result for these summer-time Antarctic breeders, as colonies are associated with ice-free areas of coastal land. Distance to the Shelf Break Front was important for 8 and distance to the southern boundary of the ACC was important for 7 species. These summer models were more successful in predicting eastern Bellingshausen species density and species diversity but failed to predict total seabird density or biomass. Antarctic seabirds appear to respond to fronts in a way similar to that observed along the well-studied upwelling front of the California Current. To understand fully the seabird patterns found in this synthesis, multi-disciplinary at-sea investigations, including a quantified prey field, are needed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Science Direct","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.09.017","usgsCitation":"Ribic, C.A., Ainley, D.G., Ford, R.G., Fraser, W., Tynan, C.T., and Woehler, E.J., 2015, Water masses, ocean fronts, and the structure of Antarctic seabird communities: putting the eastern Bellingshausen Sea in perspective: Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, v. 58, no. 13-16, p. 1695-1709, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.09.017.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1695","endPage":"1709","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-010170","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502621,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Water_masses_ocean_fronts_and_the_structure_of_Antarctic_seabird_communities_Putting_the_eastern_Bellingshausen_Sea_in_perspective/22890020","text":"External Repository"},{"id":306852,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica, Bellingshausen Sea, Southern Ocean, Western Antarctic Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -99.49218749999999,\n              -76.16399261609192\n            ],\n            [\n              -51.591796875,\n              -76.16399261609192\n            ],\n            [\n              -51.591796875,\n              -56.218923189166624\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.49218749999999,\n              -56.218923189166624\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.49218749999999,\n              -76.16399261609192\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"13-16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d45736e4b0518e3546950a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ribic, Christine A. caribic@usgs.gov","contributorId":831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ribic","given":"Christine","email":"caribic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ainley, David G.","contributorId":32039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ainley","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":34154,"text":"Point Reyes Bird Observatory, Stinson Beach, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ford, R. Glenn","contributorId":75793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Glenn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fraser, William R.","contributorId":94277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fraser","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tynan, Cynthia T.","contributorId":43208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tynan","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Woehler, Eric J.","contributorId":39561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woehler","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70188063,"text":"70188063 - 2015 - Evaluating a satellite-based seasonal evapotranspiration product and identifying its relationship with other satellite-derived products and crop yield: A case study for Ethiopia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-30T13:16:13","indexId":"70188063","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2027,"text":"International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating a satellite-based seasonal evapotranspiration product and identifying its relationship with other satellite-derived products and crop yield: A case study for Ethiopia","docAbstract":"<p><span>Satellite-derived evapotranspiration anomalies and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) products from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data are currently used for African agricultural drought monitoring and food security status assessment. In this study, a process to evaluate satellite-derived evapotranspiration (ETa) products with a geospatial statistical exploratory technique that uses NDVI, satellite-derived rainfall estimate (RFE), and crop yield data has been developed. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the ETa using the NDVI and RFE, and identify a relationship between the ETa and Ethiopia’s cereal crop (i.e., teff, sorghum, corn/maize, barley, and wheat) yields during the main rainy season. Since crop production is one of the main factors affecting food security, the evaluation of remote sensing-based seasonal ETa was done to identify the appropriateness of this tool as a proxy for monitoring vegetation condition in drought vulnerable and food insecure areas to support decision makers. The results of this study showed that the comparison between seasonal ETa and RFE produced strong correlation (</span><i>R</i><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;0.99) for all 41 crop growing zones in Ethiopia. The results of the spatial regression analyses of seasonal ETa and NDVI using Ordinary Least Squares and Geographically Weighted Regression showed relatively weak yearly spatial relationships (</span><i>R</i><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.7) for all cropping zones. However, for each individual crop zones, the correlation between NDVI and ETa ranged between 0.3 and 0.84 for about 44% of the cropping zones. Similarly, for each individual crop zones, the correlation (</span><i>R</i><sup>2</sup><span>) between the seasonal ETa anomaly and de-trended cereal crop yield was between 0.4 and 0.82 for 76% (31 out of 41) of the crop growing zones. The preliminary results indicated that the ETa products have a good predictive potential for these 31 identified zones in Ethiopia. Decision makers may potentially use ETa products for monitoring cereal crop yields and early warning of food insecurity during drought years for these identified zones.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jag.2015.03.006","usgsCitation":"Tadesse, T., Senay, G.B., Berhan, G., Regassa, T., and Beyene, S., 2015, Evaluating a satellite-based seasonal evapotranspiration product and identifying its relationship with other satellite-derived products and crop yield: A case study for Ethiopia: International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, v. 40, p. 39-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2015.03.006.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"54","ipdsId":"IP-064424","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471912,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2015.03.006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ethiopia","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[37.90607,14.95943],[38.51295,14.50547],[39.0994,14.74064],[39.34061,14.53155],[40.02625,14.51959],[40.8966,14.11864],[41.1552,13.77333],[41.59856,13.45209],[42.00975,12.86582],[42.35156,12.54223],[42,12.1],[41.66176,11.6312],[41.73959,11.35511],[41.75557,11.05091],[42.31414,11.0342],[42.55493,11.10511],[42.77685,10.92688],[42.55876,10.57258],[42.92812,10.02194],[43.29699,9.54048],[43.67875,9.18358],[46.94834,7.99688],[47.78942,8.003],[44.9636,5.00162],[43.66087,4.95755],[42.76967,4.25259],[42.12861,4.23413],[41.85508,3.91891],[41.1718,3.91909],[40.76848,4.25702],[39.85494,3.83879],[39.55938,3.42206],[38.89251,3.50074],[38.67114,3.61607],[38.43697,3.58851],[38.12092,3.59861],[36.85509,4.44786],[36.15908,4.44786],[35.81745,4.77697],[35.81745,5.33823],[35.29801,5.506],[34.70702,6.59422],[34.25032,6.82607],[34.0751,7.22595],[33.56829,7.71334],[32.95418,7.78497],[33.2948,8.35458],[33.8255,8.37916],[33.97498,8.68456],[33.96162,9.58358],[34.25745,10.63009],[34.73115,10.91017],[34.83163,11.31896],[35.26049,12.08286],[35.86363,12.57828],[36.27022,13.56333],[36.42951,14.42211],[37.59377,14.2131],[37.90607,14.95943]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Ethiopia\"}}]}","volume":"40","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592e84bbe4b092b266f10d42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tadesse, Tsegaye 0000-0002-4102-1137","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4102-1137","contributorId":147617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tadesse","given":"Tsegaye","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berhan, Getachew","contributorId":192391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berhan","given":"Getachew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Regassa, Teshome","contributorId":192395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regassa","given":"Teshome","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Beyene, Shimelis","contributorId":192396,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beyene","given":"Shimelis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70188441,"text":"70188441 - 2015 - Accommodation space, relative sea level, and the archiving of paleo-earthquakes along subduction zones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-09T14:04:22","indexId":"70188441","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accommodation space, relative sea level, and the archiving of paleo-earthquakes along subduction zones","docAbstract":"<p><span>The spatial variability of Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) change influences the capacities of coastal environments to accommodate a sedimentary record of paleoenvironmental change. In this study we couch a specific investigation in more general terms in order to demonstrate the applicability of the relative sea-level history approach to paleoseismic investigations. Using subsidence stratigraphy, we trace the different modes of coastal sedimentation over the course of time in the eastern Indian Ocean where RSL change evolved from rapidly rising to static from 8000 yr ago to present. Initially, the coastal sites from the Aceh, Sumatra, coastal plain, which are subject to repeated great earthquakes and tsunamis, built up a sedimentary sequence in response to a RSL rise of 1.4 mm/yr. The sequence found at 2 sites 8 km apart contained 3 soils of a mangrove origin (</span><i>Rhizophora</i><span class=\"underline\">,</span><i>Bruguiera</i><span>/</span><i>Ceriops</i><span>, </span><i>Avicennia</i><span> pollen, and/or intertidal foraminifera) buried by sudden submergence related to coseismic subsidence and 6 tsunami sands that contain pristine subtidal and planktic foraminifera. After 3800 cal yr B.P. (years before A.D. 1950), sea level stabilized and remained such to the present. The stable relative sea level reduced accommodation space in the late Holocene, suggesting that the continued aggradation of the coastal plain was a consequence of periodic coastal inundation by tsunamis.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G36706.1","usgsCitation":"Kelsey, H.M., Engelhart, S.E., Pilarczyk, J.E., Horton, B.P., Rubin, C., Daryono, M., Ismail, N., Hawkes, A., Bernhardt, C.E., and Cahill, N., 2015, Accommodation space, relative sea level, and the archiving of paleo-earthquakes along subduction zones: Geology, v. 43, no. 8, p. 675-678, https://doi.org/10.1130/G36706.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"675","endPage":"678","ipdsId":"IP-062984","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471910,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1320556","text":"External Repository"},{"id":342338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593bb3a8e4b0764e6c60e7da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kelsey, Harvey M.","contributorId":184057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelsey","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pilarczyk, Jessica E.","contributorId":192806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pilarczyk","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12460,"text":"The University of Southern Mississippi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Horton, Benjamin P.","contributorId":192807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horton","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":5110,"text":"Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rubin, Charles","contributorId":192808,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rubin","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Daryono, Mudrik","contributorId":192809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daryono","given":"Mudrik","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ismail, Nazli","contributorId":192810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ismail","given":"Nazli","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hawkes, Andrea D.","contributorId":20240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawkes","given":"Andrea D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bernhardt, Christopher E. 0000-0003-0082-4731 cbernhardt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4731","contributorId":2131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"Christopher","email":"cbernhardt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Cahill, Niamh","contributorId":150754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cahill","given":"Niamh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":18091,"text":"University College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70111095,"text":"70111095 - 2015 - Factors affecting individual foraging specialization and temporal diet stability across the range of a large “generalist” apex predator","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-12T13:58:32","indexId":"70111095","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting individual foraging specialization and temporal diet stability across the range of a large “generalist” apex predator","docAbstract":"<p><span>Individual niche specialization (INS) is increasingly recognized as an important component of ecological and evolutionary dynamics. However, most studies that have investigated INS have focused on the effects of niche width and inter- and intraspecific competition on INS in small-bodied species for short time periods, with less attention paid to INS in large-bodied reptilian predators and the effects of available prey types on INS. We investigated the prevalence, causes, and consequences of INS in foraging behaviors across different populations of American alligators (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Alligator mississippiensis</i><span>), the dominant aquatic apex predator across the southeast US, using stomach contents and stable isotopes. Gut contents revealed that, over the short term, although alligator populations occupied wide ranges of the INS spectrum, general patterns were apparent. Alligator populations inhabiting lakes exhibited lower INS than coastal populations, likely driven by variation in habitat type and available prey types. Stable isotopes revealed that over longer time spans alligators exhibited remarkably consistent use of variable mixtures of carbon pools (e.g., marine and freshwater food webs). We conclude that INS in large-bodied reptilian predator populations is likely affected by variation in available prey types and habitat heterogeneity, and that INS should be incorporated into management strategies to efficiently meet intended goals. Also, ecological models, which typically do not consider behavioral variability, should include INS to increase model realism and applicability.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-014-3201-6","usgsCitation":"Rosenblatt, A.E., Nifong, J., Heithaus, M.R., Mazzotti, F., Cherkiss, M.S., Jeffery, B.M., Elsey, R.M., Decker, R.A., Silliman, B.R., Guillette, L.J., Lowers, R.H., and Larson, J.C., 2015, Factors affecting individual foraging specialization and temporal diet stability across the range of a large “generalist” apex predator: Oecologia, v. 178, no. 1, p. 5-16, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-3201-6.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052152","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325108,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"178","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579dcfe2e4b0589fa1cbd866","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenblatt, Adam E.","contributorId":84206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenblatt","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nifong, James C.","contributorId":23377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nifong","given":"James C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heithaus, Michael R.","contributorId":42828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heithaus","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank J.","contributorId":90236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cherkiss, Michael S. 0000-0002-7802-6791 mcherkiss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7802-6791","contributorId":4571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherkiss","given":"Michael","email":"mcherkiss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jeffery, Brian M.","contributorId":16511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jeffery","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Elsey, Ruth M.","contributorId":172836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elsey","given":"Ruth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Decker, Rachel A.","contributorId":172837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Decker","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Silliman, Brian R.","contributorId":53659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silliman","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Guillette, Louis J. Jr.","contributorId":15916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guillette","given":"Louis","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lowers, Russell H.","contributorId":172838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowers","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Larson, Justin C.","contributorId":172839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larson","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70174833,"text":"70174833 - 2015 - Estimating global natural wetland methane emissions using process modelling: spatio-temporal patterns and contributions to atmospheric methane fluctuations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T11:16:50","indexId":"70174833","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1839,"text":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating global natural wetland methane emissions using process modelling: spatio-temporal patterns and contributions to atmospheric methane fluctuations","docAbstract":"<div id=\"geb12307-sec-0001\" class=\"section\">\n<h4>Aim</h4>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p>The fluctuations of atmospheric methane (<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>) that have occurred in recent decades are not fully understood, particularly with regard to the contribution from wetlands. The application of spatially explicit parameters has been suggested as an effective method for reducing uncertainties in bottom-up approaches to wetland&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;emissions, but has not been included in recent studies. Our goal was to estimate spatio-temporal patterns of global wetland&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;emissions using a process model and then to identify the contribution of wetland emissions to atmospheric&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>fluctuations.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div id=\"geb12307-sec-0002\" class=\"section\">\n<h4>Location</h4>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p>Global.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div id=\"geb12307-sec-0003\" class=\"section\">\n<h4>Methods</h4>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p>A process-based model integrated with full descriptions of methanogenesis (TRIPLEX-GHG) was used to simulate global wetland&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>emissions.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div id=\"geb12307-sec-0004\" class=\"section\">\n<h4>Results</h4>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p>Global annual wetland&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;emissions ranged from 209 to 245&thinsp;Tg&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;year<sup>&minus;1</sup>&nbsp;between 1901 and 2012, with peaks occurring in 1991 and 2012. There is a decreasing trend between 1990 and 2010 with a rate of approximately 0.48&thinsp;Tg&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;year<sup>&minus;1</sup>, which was largely caused by emissions from tropical wetlands showing a decreasing trend of 0.44&thinsp;Tg&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;year<sup>&minus;1</sup>&nbsp;since the 1970s. Emissions from tropical, temperate and high-latitude wetlands comprised 59, 26 and 15% of global emissions, respectively.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div id=\"geb12307-sec-0005\" class=\"section\">\n<h4>Main conclusion</h4>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p>Global wetland&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;emissions, the interannual variability of which was primary controlled by tropical wetlands, partially drive the atmospheric<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;burden. The stable to decreasing trend in wetland&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;emissions, a result of a balance of emissions from tropical and extratropical wetlands, was a particular factor in slowing the atmospheric&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;growth rate during the 1990s. The rapid decrease in tropical wetland&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>emissions that began in 2000 was supposed to offset the increase in anthropogenic emissions and resulted in a relatively stable level of atmospheric&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;from 2000 to 2006. Increasing wetland&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;emissions, particularly after 2010, should be an important contributor to the growth in atmospheric&nbsp;<span class=\"fixed-roman\">CH<sub>4</sub></span>&nbsp;seen since 2007.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","doi":"10.1111/geb.12307","usgsCitation":"Zhu, Q., Peng, C., Chen, H., Fang, X., Liu, J., Jiang, H., Yang, Y., and Yang, G., 2015, Estimating global natural wetland methane emissions using process modelling: spatio-temporal patterns and contributions to atmospheric methane fluctuations: Global Ecology and Biogeography, v. 24, no. 8, p. 959-972, https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12307.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"959","endPage":"972","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060280","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325354,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdb1e4b0f1bea0e0f846","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhu, Qiuan","contributorId":85065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Qiuan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peng, Changhui","contributorId":8357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"Changhui","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chen, Huai","contributorId":172942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Huai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27125,"text":"State Key Lab of Soil Erosion and Dryland Framing, NW A&F Unv, Yangling, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fang, Xiuqin","contributorId":96566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fang","given":"Xiuqin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liu, Jinxun 0000-0003-0561-8988 jxliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-8988","contributorId":3414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Jinxun","email":"jxliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jiang, Hong","contributorId":108417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jiang","given":"Hong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Yang, Yanzheng","contributorId":172943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Yanzheng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27126,"text":"State Key Lab or Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming, NW A&F Unv, Yangling, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Yang, Gang","contributorId":172944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Gang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27127,"text":"State Key Lab of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming, NW A&F Unv, Yangling, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70155185,"text":"70155185 - 2015 - Annual growth patterns of baldcypress (<i>Taxodium distichum</i>) along salinity gradients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-31T13:10:01","indexId":"70155185","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-31T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual growth patterns of baldcypress (<i>Taxodium distichum</i>) along salinity gradients","docAbstract":"<p><span>The effects of salinity on&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Taxodium distichum</i><span>&nbsp;seedlings have been well documented, but few studies have examined mature trees in situ. We investigated the environmental drivers of&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">T. distichum</i><span>&nbsp;growth along a salinity gradient on the Waccamaw (South Carolina) and Savannah (Georgia) Rivers. On each river,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">T. distichum</i><span>&nbsp;increment cores were collected from a healthy upstream site (Upper), a moderately degraded mid-reach site (Middle), and a highly degraded downstream site (Lower). Chronologies were successfully developed for Waccamaw Upper and Middle, and Savannah Middle. Correlations between standardized chronologies and environmental variables showed significant relationships between&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">T. distichum</i><span>&nbsp;growth and early growing season precipitation, temperature, and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). Savannah Middle chronology correlated most strongly with August river salinity levels. Both lower sites experienced suppression/release events likely in response to local anthropogenic impacts rather than regional environmental variables. The factors that affect&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">T. distichum</i><span>&nbsp;growth, including salinity, are strongly synergistic. As sea-level rise pushes the freshwater/saltwater interface inland, salinity becomes more limiting to&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">T. distichum</i><span>&nbsp;growth in tidal freshwater swamps; however, salinity impacts are exacerbated by locally imposed environmental modifications.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-015-0659-x","usgsCitation":"Thomas, B.L., Doyle, T.W., and Krauss, K.W., 2015, Annual growth patterns of baldcypress (<i>Taxodium distichum</i>) along salinity gradients: Wetlands, v. 35, no. 4, p. 831-839, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-015-0659-x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"831","endPage":"839","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061714","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306295,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Savannah River, Waccamaw River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.16596221923828,\n              32.16166284018013\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.16596221923828,\n              32.24590935727029\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.10519409179688,\n              32.24590935727029\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.10519409179688,\n              32.16166284018013\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.16596221923828,\n              32.16166284018013\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.30274963378906,\n              33.20709496754046\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.30274963378906,\n              33.57973093125613\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.08714294433594,\n              33.57973093125613\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.08714294433594,\n              33.20709496754046\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.30274963378906,\n              33.20709496754046\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55bc8e1fe4b033ef52100efd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Brenda L.","contributorId":145700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13559,"text":"Florida Gulf Coast University, Ft. Myers, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doyle, Thomas W. 0000-0001-5754-0671 doylet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-0671","contributorId":703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doyle","given":"Thomas","email":"doylet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70155187,"text":"70155187 - 2015 - Unifying research on the fragmentation of terrestrial and aquatic habitats: patches, connectivity and the matrix in riverscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-31T13:15:36","indexId":"70155187","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-31T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unifying research on the fragmentation of terrestrial and aquatic habitats: patches, connectivity and the matrix in riverscapes","docAbstract":"<ol id=\"fwb12596-list-0001\" class=\"numbered\">\n<li>While there is an increasing emphasis in terrestrial ecology on determining the influence of the area that surrounds habitat patches (the landscape &lsquo;matrix&rsquo;) relative to the characteristics of the patches themselves, research on these aspects in running waters is still rather underrepresented.</li>\n<li>Here we outline conceptual foundations of matrix ecology for stream and river ecosystems (&lsquo;riverscapes&rsquo;). We discuss how a hierarchical, patch-based perspective is necessary for the delineation of habitat patches and the surrounding matrix, through which we may identify two classes of habitat edges in riverscapes (i.e. edges between the terrestrial&ndash;aquatic interface and edges within streams).</li>\n<li>Under this conceptual framework, we discuss the role of the matrix in influencing between-patch movement, and resource quality and quantity within and among habitat patches in riverscapes. We also review types of empirical and modelling approaches which may advance our understanding of fragmentation effects in these systems.</li>\n<li>We identify five key challenges for understanding fragmentation and matrix effects more completely: (i) defining populations and their status (i.e. quantifying the demographic contribution of habitat patches to metapopulation dynamics), (ii) scaling from metapopulations to metacommunities (particularly searching for generalities in species responses to landscape heterogeneity), (iii) scaling from metacommunities to metaecosystems (i.e. exploring the interactive role of the terrestrial&ndash;aquatic and within-stream matrix effects on the flow of material and energy at the network scale), (iv) understanding temporal dynamics in matrix permeability and (v) revealing the utility of different patch and matrix representations for modelling connectivity relationships.</li>\n<li>Fragmentation of habitats is a critical issue in the conservation and management of stream networks across spatial scales. Although the effects of individual barriers (e.g. dams) are well documented, we argue that a more comprehensive patch&ndash;matrix landscape model will improve our understanding of fragmentation effects and improve management in riverscapes.</li>\n</ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fwb.12596","usgsCitation":"Eros, T., and Grant, E., 2015, Unifying research on the fragmentation of terrestrial and aquatic habitats: patches, connectivity and the matrix in riverscapes: Freshwater Biology, v. 60, no. 8, p. 1487-1501, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12596.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1487","endPage":"1501","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064994","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471921,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12596","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306296,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55bc8e21e4b033ef52100f06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eros, Tibor","contributorId":146273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eros","given":"Tibor","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grant, Evan H. Campbell ehgrant@usgs.gov","contributorId":3696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Evan H. Campbell","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70147943,"text":"ofr20151091 - 2015 - U.S. Geological Survey science for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative—2014 annual report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T11:28:11","indexId":"ofr20151091","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-31T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1091","title":"U.S. Geological Survey science for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative—2014 annual report","docAbstract":"<p>This is the seventh report produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative (WLCI) to detail annual activities conducted by the USGS for addressing specific management needs identified by WLCI partners. In FY2014, there were 26 projects, including a new one that was completed, two others that were also completed, and several that entered new phases or directions. The 26 projects fall into several categories: (1) synthesizing and analyzing existing data to identify current conditions on the landscape and using the data to develop models for projecting past and future landscape conditions; (2) monitoring indicators of ecosystem conditions and the effectiveness of on-the-ground habitat projects; (3) conducting research to elucidate the mechanisms underlying wildlife and habitat responses to changing land uses; (4) managing and making accessible the large number of databases, maps, and other products being developed; and (5) coordinating efforts among WLCI partners, helping them use USGS-developed decision-support tools, and integrating WLCI outcomes with future habitat enhancement and research projects.</p>\n<p>The new (completed) project was the development and publication of a public outreach piece for visitors of Fossil Butte National Monument. The final product was a USGS Fact Sheet that capitalized on previously collected elk-monitoring data to interpret the ecology of the Monument&rsquo;s elk population and the importance of the Monument&rsquo;s habitats to this highly visible wildlife species. One of the completed projects entailed developing and evaluating a synthetic approach to high-resolution satellite imagery for use in effectiveness monitoring, which culminated in a journal article. The other completed project was a coalescing of two similar tasks under data and information management that pertain to Web application development and the development of outreach and graphic products into a single integrated project that focuses on developing and maintaining/upgrading Web applications and other tools for visualizing, mapping, and using geospatial data.</p>\n<p>Major accomplishments for FY2014 included several publications, including Part B of an energy resources map that (with Part A) depicts coal, wind, oil, gas, oil shale, uranium, and solar energy production in the WLCI region. Two published works associated with sage-grouse included a Wildlife Monograph on prioritizing species&rsquo; habitats across large landscapes, multiple seasons, and novel areas (using sage-grouse in Wyoming as an example), and a USGS Data Series report that includes both the data used in the habitat-prioritization models and the habitat prioritization models developed for sage-grouse. Our Science Team also published a framework for conducting large, collaborative projects that rely on geospatial data, and a paper that describes the efficacy of fusing satellite data collected at various resolutions for measuring and monitoring vegetation changes. These products are all invaluable tools for maximizing the efficiency and effectiveness of managing species of concern, conducting future landscape-scale assessments, and monitoring status and trends of landscape conditions.</p>\n<p>Other highlights of FY2014 included a renewed effort to gather and analyze wildlife and habitat status and trend data for the WLCI Interagency Monitoring Database (IAMD) to assess long-term trends and cumulative effects associated with land-use and climate changes. Water-monitoring efforts included drilling four new groundwater-monitoring wells in the Green and New Fork River basins near the proposed Normally Pressured Lance Formation energy development, and continued data collection at established water-monitoring sites. Three additional wells were sampled as part of the Wyoming Groundwater Monitoring Network, bringing the total to 19 Network wells sampled in the WLCI region since 2010. Combined, these water-monitoring efforts can help to identify potential changes in water quality or levels that may result from land-use changes. Major terrestrial monitoring accomplishments included processing satellite imagery from 1985&minus;2010 to develop a historical perspective of long-term vegetation changes, which can serve as a basis for monitoring current and future trends in sagebrush steppe. Such data are crucial tools for agencies tasked with sage-grouse management and conservation.</p>\n<p>The USGS WLCI Science Team also continued monitoring and testing methods for evaluating WLCI habitat treatments designed to promote aspen regeneration and enhance sage-grouse habitat, and to assess how those treatments influence invasive species distributions and ungulate herbivory. Highlights included analyzing field data collected to elucidate the relationships between sage-grouse habitat use and the proximity of energy infrastructure, and using new instruments to measure productivity responses of aspen woodlands to various factors.</p>\n<p>Numerous FY2014 accomplishments specifically addressed agency needs to manage and conserve Wyoming&rsquo;s wildlife species of concern. A pygmy rabbit habitat model and Wyoming distribution map were completed to identify factors associated with rabbit habitat occupancy. Previous work on sage-grouse population dynamics was expanded to better understand the factors that drive long-term viability of sage-grouse populations and to develop a tool that helps to identify key factors limiting sage-grouse persistence in Wyoming. Field work and data analyses continued for elucidating the relationships between sagebrush songbird abundance and productivity, the intensity of energy development, and community dynamics of nest predators. For the mule deer study, mixed mountain shrublands important to migrating and wintering mule deer were mapped and delivered to WLCI partners. Additionally, the relationships between energy development and crucial winter habitat for mule deer were evaluated, and a new phase of work was implemented to better understand relationships between plant phenology and mule deer migration movements. Finally, initial analyses of data collected to evaluate fish-community composition in relation to habitat quality indicate that water quality, as measured by concentrations of hydrocarbons, water temperature, and others parameters, has been diminished in subwatersheds with higher levels of energy development. Overall, the outcomes and products of these wildlife studies contribute significantly to the information and tools needed for addressing effects of land-use changes on Wyoming&rsquo;s species of concern.</p>\n<p>Finally, capabilities of the WLCI Web site and the USGS ScienceBase infrastructure were maintained and upgraded to help ensure access to and efficient use of all the WLCI data, products, assessment tools, and outreach materials that have been developed. Of particular note is the completion of three Web applications developed for mapping (1) the 1900&minus;2008 progression of oil and gas development;(2) the predicted distributions of Wyoming&rsquo;s Species of Greatest Conservation Need; and (3) the locations of coal and wind energy production, sage-grouse distribution and core management areas, and alternative routes for transmission lines within the WLCI region. Collectively, these applications tools provide WLCI planners and managers with powerful tools for better understanding the distributions of wildlife species and potential alternatives for energy development.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151091","usgsCitation":"Bowen, Z.H., Aldridge, C.L., Anderson, P.J., Assal, T.J., Bartos, T.T., Biewick, L.R., Boughton, G.K., Chalfoun, A.D., Chong, G.W., Dematatis, M.K., Eddy-Miller, C., Garman, S.L., Germaine, S., Homer, C.G., Huber, C., Kauffman, M., Latysh, N., Manier, D.J., Melcher, C.P., Miller, A., Miller, K.A., Olexa, E.M., Schell, S., Walters, A.W., Wilson, A.B., and Wyckoff, T.B., 2015, U.S. Geological Survey science for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative—2014 annual report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1091, x, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151091.","productDescription":"x, 61 p.","numberOfPages":"73","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064413","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306271,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151091.jpg"},{"id":306270,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1091/pdf/ofr2015-1091.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1091 Report"},{"id":306255,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1091/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n        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,{"id":70198333,"text":"70198333 - 2015 - Potential for real‐time understanding of coupled hydrologic and biogeochemical processes in stream ecosystems: Future integration of telemetered data with process models for glacial meltwater streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-07T13:54:57.888253","indexId":"70198333","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-30T15:30:13","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential for real‐time understanding of coupled hydrologic and biogeochemical processes in stream ecosystems: Future integration of telemetered data with process models for glacial meltwater streams","docAbstract":"<p><span>While continuous monitoring of streamflow and temperature has been common for some time, there is great potential to expand continuous monitoring to include water quality parameters such as nutrients, turbidity, oxygen, and dissolved organic material. In many systems, distinguishing between watershed and stream ecosystem controls can be challenging. The usefulness of such monitoring can be enhanced by the application of quantitative models to interpret observed patterns in real time. Examples are discussed primarily from the glacial meltwater streams of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Although the Dry Valley landscape is barren of plants, many streams harbor thriving cyanobacterial mats. Whereas a daily cycle of streamflow is controlled by the surface energy balance on the glaciers and the temporal pattern of solar exposure, the daily signal for biogeochemical processes controlling water quality is generated along the stream. These features result in an excellent outdoor laboratory for investigating fundamental ecosystem process and the development and validation of process‐based models. As part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long‐Term Ecological Research project, we have conducted field experiments and developed coupled biogeochemical transport models for the role of hyporheic exchange in controlling weathering reactions, microbial nitrogen cycling, and stream temperature regulation. We have adapted modeling approaches from sediment transport to understand mobilization of stream biomass with increasing flows. These models help to elucidate the role of in‐stream processes in systems where watershed processes also contribute to observed patterns, and may serve as a test case for applying real‐time stream ecosystem models.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015WR017618","usgsCitation":"McKnight, D.M., Cozzetto, K.D., Cullis, J.D., Gooseff, M.N., Jaros, C., Koch, J.C., Lyons, W.B., Neupauer, R.M., and Wlostowski, A.N., 2015, Potential for real‐time understanding of coupled hydrologic and biogeochemical processes in stream ecosystems: Future integration of telemetered data with process models for glacial meltwater streams: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 8, p. 6725-6738, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017618.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"6725","endPage":"6738","ipdsId":"IP-066061","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017618","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":356008,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica","volume":"51","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b6fcbc1e4b0f5d57878ecbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":741115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cozzetto, Karen D.","contributorId":44461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzetto","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cullis, James D. S.","contributorId":206559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cullis","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gooseff, Michael N.","contributorId":71880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gooseff","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jaros, Christopher","contributorId":206566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaros","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":741120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lyons, W. Berry","contributorId":73497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Berry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Neupauer, Roseanna M.","contributorId":176580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neupauer","given":"Roseanna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wlostowski, Adam N. 0000-0001-5703-9916","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5703-9916","contributorId":191365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wlostowski","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":741123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70154777,"text":"sir20155094 - 2015 - Towards automating measurements and predictions of <i>Escherichia coli</i> concentrations in the Cuyahoga River, Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Ohio, 2012–14","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-31T09:07:59","indexId":"sir20155094","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-30T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5094","title":"Towards automating measurements and predictions of <i>Escherichia coli</i> concentrations in the Cuyahoga River, Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Ohio, 2012–14","docAbstract":"<p>Nowcasts are systems that can provide estimates of the current bacterial water-quality conditions based on predictive models using easily-measured, explanatory variables; nowcasts can provide the public with the information to make informed decisions on the risk associated with recreational activities in natural water bodies. Previous studies on the Cuyahoga River within Cuyahoga Valley National Park (CVNP) have found that predictive models can be used to provide accurate assessments of the recreational water quality. However, in order to run the previously developed nowcasts for CVNP, manual collection and processing of samples is required on a daily basis to acquire the required explanatory variable data (laboratory-measured turbidity). The U.S. Geological Survey and the National Park Service collaborated to develop a more automated approach to provide more timely results to park visitors regarding the recreational water quality of the river.</p>\n<p>In May 2012, an in-stream water-quality sensor was installed by the U.S. Geological Survey at Jaite, Ohio (a site centrally located in CVNP on the Cuyahoga River), to provide near-real-time measurements of turbidity and water temperature. To transition from methods used during previous studies at CVNP, a relation between laboratory- and in-stream measured turbidity was developed after the recreational season of 2012. During the recreational seasons of 2012 through 2014, discrete water samples were collected and processed to determine <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) concentrations at Jaite and one site upstream of Jaite (Lock 29) within CVNP. Predictive models, using in-stream turbidity measurements, were developed for the recreational seasons of 2013 and 2014 to estimate recreational water quality in regards to Ohio&rsquo;s single-sample water-quality standard for primary-contact recreation.</p>\n<p>A computer program was developed to manage the nowcasts by running the predictive models and posting the results to a publicly accessible Web site daily by 9 a.m. The nowcasts were able to correctly predict <i>E. coli</i> concentrations above or below the water-quality standard at Jaite for 79 percent of the samples compared with the measured concentrations. In comparison, the persistence model (using the previous day&rsquo;s sample concentration) correctly predicted concentrations above or below the water-quality standard in only 68 percent of the samples. To determine if the Jaite nowcast could be used for the stretch of the river between Lock 29 and Jaite, the model predictions for Jaite were compared with the measured concentrations at Lock 29. The Jaite nowcast provided correct responses for 77 percent of the Lock 29 samples, which was a greater percentage than the percentage of correct responses (58 percent) from the persistence model at Lock 29.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155094","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Brady, A.M.G., and Plona, M.B., 2015, Towards automating measurements and predictions of <em>Escherichia coli</em> concentrations in the Cuyahoga River, Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Ohio, 2012–14: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5094, 30 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155094.","productDescription":"vii, 30 p.","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061449","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306249,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5094/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":306250,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5094/sir20155094.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5094"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Cuyahoga Valley National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.76025390625,\n              41.08763212467916\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.76025390625,\n              41.50034959128928\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.49658203125,\n              41.50034959128928\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.49658203125,\n              41.08763212467916\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.76025390625,\n              41.08763212467916\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, Ohio Water Science Center<br /> 6480 Doubletree Ave<br /> Columbus, OH 43229&ndash;1111<br /> (614) 430&ndash;7777<br /> <a href=\"http://oh.water.usgs.gov/\">http://oh.water.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Acknowledgments</li>\n<li>Abstract</li>\n<li>Introduction</li>\n<li>Study Area</li>\n<li>Methods</li>\n<li>Comparison of Laboratory-Measured and In-Stream Turbidity</li>\n<li>Comparison of <em>Escherichia coli</em> Enumeration Methods</li>\n<li>Quality-Control Sample Results</li>\n<li>Afternoon Samples</li>\n<li><em>Escherichia coli</em> Concentrations and Environmental and Water-Quality Variables</li>\n<li>Development and Testing of Nowcasts Using Near-Real-Time Data at Jaite</li>\n<li>Using Jaite Nowcasts To Predict Water Quality at Lock 29</li>\n<li>Reaching the Public</li>\n<li>Summary</li>\n<li>References Cited</li>\n<li>Appendix 1</li>\n</ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-07-30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7eee1e4b0bc0bec09ed72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brady, Amie M.G. 0000-0002-7414-0992 amgbrady@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-0992","contributorId":2544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"Amie","email":"amgbrady@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.G.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meg B. Plona","contributorId":145464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meg B. Plona","affiliations":[{"id":6924,"text":"National Park Service, Upper Columbia Basin Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156242,"text":"70156242 - 2015 - Electrical properties of methane hydrate + sediment mixtures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-18T09:30:33","indexId":"70156242","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-30T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Electrical properties of methane hydrate + sediment mixtures","docAbstract":"<p>Knowledge of the electrical properties of multicomponent systems with gas hydrate, sediments, and pore water is needed to help relate electromagnetic (EM) measurements to specific gas hydrate concentration and distribution patterns in nature. Toward this goal, we built a pressure cell capable of measuring in situ electrical properties of multicomponent systems such that the effects of individual components and mixing relations can be assessed. We first established the temperature-dependent electrical conductivity (<i>&sigma;</i>) of pure, single-phase methane hydrate to be ~5 orders of magnitude lower than seawater, a substantial contrast that can help differentiate hydrate deposits from significantly more conductive water-saturated sediments in EM field surveys. Here we report <i>&sigma;</i> measurements of two-component systems in which methane hydrate is mixed with variable amounts of quartz sand or glass beads. Sand by itself has low <i>&sigma;</i> but is found to increase the overall <i>&sigma;</i> of mixtures with well-connected methane hydrate. Alternatively, the overall <i>&sigma;</i> decreases when sand concentrations are high enough to cause gas hydrate to be poorly connected, indicating that hydrate grains provide the primary conduction path. Our measurements suggest that impurities from sand induce chemical interactions and/or doping effects that result in higher electrical conductivity with lower temperature dependence. These results can be used in the modeling of massive or two-phase gas-hydrate-bearing systems devoid of conductive pore water. Further experiments that include a free water phase are the necessary next steps toward developing complex models relevant to most natural systems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015JB011940","usgsCitation":"Du Frane, W.L., Stern, L.A., Constable, S., Weitemeyer, K.A., Smith, M.M., and Roberts, J.J., 2015, Electrical properties of methane hydrate + sediment mixtures: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 120, no. 7, p. 4773-4783, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB011940.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"4773","endPage":"4783","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056262","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jb011940","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306840,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d45730e4b0518e354694c1","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2015jb011940","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015jb011940","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Du Frane Wyatt L., Stern Laura A., Constable Steven, Weitemeyer Karen A., Smith Megan M., Roberts Jeffery J.","journalName":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","publicationDate":"7/2015","auditedOn":"4/5/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Du Frane, Wyatt L.","contributorId":23067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Du Frane","given":"Wyatt","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13621,"text":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stern, Laura A. 0000-0003-3440-5674 lstern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-5674","contributorId":1197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stern","given":"Laura","email":"lstern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Constable, Steven","contributorId":9178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Constable","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weitemeyer, Karen A.","contributorId":90215,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weitemeyer","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16196,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, Megan M","contributorId":146543,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":13621,"text":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roberts, Jeffery J.","contributorId":98222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13621,"text":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":568201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70155079,"text":"70155079 - 2015 - Effects of increased discharge on spawning and age-0 recruitment of rainbow trout in the Colorado River at Lees Ferry, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T11:57:44","indexId":"70155079","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-29T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of increased discharge on spawning and age-0 recruitment of rainbow trout in the Colorado River at Lees Ferry, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p><span>Negative interactions of Rainbow Trout&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i><span>&nbsp;with endangered Humpback Chub&nbsp;</span><i>Gila cypha</i><span>&nbsp;pose challenges to the operation of Glen Canyon Dam (GCD) to manage for both species in the Colorado River. Operations to enhance the Rainbow Trout tailwater fishery may lead to an increase in downstream movement of the trout to areas where they are likely to interact with Humpback Chub. We evaluated the effects of dam operations on age-0 Rainbow Trout in the tailwater fishery to inform managers about how GCD operations could benefit a tailwater fishery for Rainbow Trout; although this could affect a Humpback Chub population farther downstream. A near year-long increase in discharge at GCD in 2011 enabled us to evaluate whether high and stable flows led to increased spawning and production of age-0 Rainbow Trout compared with other years. Rainbow Trout spawning was monitored by fitting a model to observed redd counts to estimate the number of redds created over a spawning season. Data collected during electrofishing trips in July&ndash;September and November were used to acquire age-0 trout population and mortality rate estimates. We found that high and stable flows in 2011 resulted in 3,062 redds (1.7&nbsp;times the mean of all survey years) and a population estimate of 686,000 age-0 Rainbow Trout (second highest on record). Despite high initial abundance, mortality remained low through the year (0.0043%/d) resulting in significant recruitment with a record high November population estimate of 214,000 age-0 Rainbow Trout. Recent monitoring indicates this recruitment event was followed by an increase in downstream migration, which may lead to increased interactions with downstream populations of Humpback Chub. Consequently, while our results indicate that manipulating flow at GCD can be used to manage Rainbow Trout spawning and recruitment, fisheries managers should use flow manipulation in moderation to minimize downstream migration in order to reduce negative interactions with other species in the Colorado River.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2015.1040560","usgsCitation":"Avery, L.A., Korman, J., and Persons, W.R., 2015, Effects of increased discharge on spawning and age-0 recruitment of rainbow trout in the Colorado River at Lees Ferry, Arizona: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 4, p. 671-680, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2015.1040560.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"671","endPage":"680","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057903","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306223,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Lees Ferry","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.61680221557617,\n              36.84597184882088\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.61680221557617,\n              36.87357865470466\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.56049728393555,\n              36.87357865470466\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.56049728393555,\n              36.84597184882088\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.61680221557617,\n              36.84597184882088\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b9eb1ee4b05b91f6398b35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Avery, Luke A. lavery@usgs.gov","contributorId":4340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Avery","given":"Luke","email":"lavery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Korman, Josh","contributorId":29922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korman","given":"Josh","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Persons, William R. wpersons@usgs.gov","contributorId":4028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Persons","given":"William","email":"wpersons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70144397,"text":"70144397 - 2015 - Evaluating the importance of characterizing soil structure and horizons in parameterizing a hydrologic process model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-25T08:55:36","indexId":"70144397","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-29T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the importance of characterizing soil structure and horizons in parameterizing a hydrologic process model","docAbstract":"<p>Incorporating the influence of soil structure and horizons into parameterizations of distributed surface water/groundwater models remains a challenge. Often, only a single soil unit is employed, and soil-hydraulic properties are assigned based on textural classification, without evaluating the potential impact of these simplifications. This study uses a distributed physics-based model to assess the influence of soil horizons and structure on effective parameterization. This paper tests the viability of two established and widely used hydrogeologic methods for simulating runoff and variably saturated flow through layered soils: (1) accounting for vertical heterogeneity by combining hydrostratigraphic units with contrasting hydraulic properties into homogeneous, anisotropic units and (2) use of established pedotransfer functions based on soil texture alone to estimate water retention and conductivity, without accounting for the influence of pedon structures and hysteresis. The viability of this latter method for capturing the seasonal transition from runoff-dominated to evapotranspiration-dominated regimes is also tested here. For cases tested here, event-based simulations using simplified vertical heterogeneity did not capture the state-dependent anisotropy and complex combinations of runoff generation mechanisms resulting from permeability contrasts in layered hillslopes with complex topography. Continuous simulations using pedotransfer functions that do not account for the influence of soil structure and hysteresis generally over-predicted runoff, leading to propagation of substantial water balance errors. Analysis suggests that identifying a dominant hydropedological unit provides the most acceptable simplification of subsurface layering and that modified pedotransfer functions with steeper soil-water retention curves might adequately capture the influence of soil structure and hysteresis on hydrologic response in headwater catchments.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Chichester, Sussex","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10592","usgsCitation":"Mirus, B.B., 2015, Evaluating the importance of characterizing soil structure and horizons in parameterizing a hydrologic process model: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, p. 4611-4623, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10592.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"4611","endPage":"4623","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064649","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a75553e4b0b28f1184d829","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mirus, Benjamin B. 0000-0001-5550-014X bbmirus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-014X","contributorId":4064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirus","given":"Benjamin","email":"bbmirus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5061,"text":"National Cooperative Geologic Mapping and Landslide Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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