{"pageNumber":"5342","pageRowStart":"133525","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165227,"records":[{"id":70009853,"text":"70009853 - 1977 - Measured oxygen fugacities of the Angra dos Reis achondrite as a function of temperature","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-14T13:20:11.286748","indexId":"70009853","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measured oxygen fugacities of the Angra dos Reis achondrite as a function of temperature","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"ab1\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>Measurements of the oxygen fugacity (ƒO<sub>2</sub>) as a function of temperature (<i>T</i>) were made on an interior bulk sample of the cumulate achondrite, Angra dos Reis. Data clustered between the<i>ƒO<sub>2</sub>-T</i><span>&nbsp;</span>relationship of the iron-wüstite assemblage and 1.2 log atm units above iron-wüstite. Interpretation of the data indicates that, throughout most of the cooling history of the meteorite, ƒO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>values were defined by equilibria involving iron-bearing species at values close to the ƒO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>of the assemblage iron-wüstite. Measured ƒO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>data are compatible with crystallization and cooling at pressures greater than 50 bars.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(77)90139-X","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Brett, R., Stephen, H.J., and Sato, M., 1977, Measured oxygen fugacities of the Angra dos Reis achondrite as a function of temperature: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 35, no. 2, p. 363-368, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(77)90139-X.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"368","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218917,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a52c4e4b0c8380cd6c673","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brett, R.","contributorId":106632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brett","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephen, Huebner J.","contributorId":31899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephen","given":"Huebner","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sato, M.","contributorId":50201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sato","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70009865,"text":"70009865 - 1977 - Geothermal reservoir temperatures estimated from the oxygen isotope compositions of dissolved sulfate and water from hot springs and shallow drillholes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-24T14:01:59","indexId":"70009865","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geothermal reservoir temperatures estimated from the oxygen isotope compositions of dissolved sulfate and water from hot springs and shallow drillholes","docAbstract":"The oxygen isotope compositions of dissolved sulfate and water from hot springs and shallow drillholes have been tested as a geothermometer in three areas of the western United States. Limited analyses of spring and borehole fluids and existing experimental rate studies suggest that dissolved sulfate and water are probably in isotopic equilibrium in all reservoirs of significant size with temperatures above ca. 140??C and that little re-equilibration occurs during ascent to the surface. The geothermometer is, however, affected by changes in ??18O of water due to subsurface boiling and dilution and by addition of sulfate of nearsurface origin. Methods are described to calculate the effects of boiling and dilution. The geothermometer, is applied to thermal systems of Yellowstone Park, Wyoming, Long Valley, California, and Raft River, Idaho to estimate deep reservoir temperatures of 360, 240, and 142??C, respectively. ?? 1976.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geothermics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6505(77)90008-6","issn":"03756505","usgsCitation":"McKenzie, W., and Truesdell, A., 1977, Geothermal reservoir temperatures estimated from the oxygen isotope compositions of dissolved sulfate and water from hot springs and shallow drillholes: Geothermics, v. 5, no. 1-4, p. 51-61, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505(77)90008-6.","startPage":"51","endPage":"61","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268137,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505(77)90008-6"},{"id":219112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a28d4e4b0c8380cd5a451","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenzie, W.F.","contributorId":16154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenzie","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Truesdell, A.H.","contributorId":52566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Truesdell","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address:  TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":357311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70009885,"text":"70009885 - 1977 - Long-term adequacy of metal resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-18T16:04:07.572379","indexId":"70009885","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3266,"text":"Resources Policy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term adequacy of metal resources","docAbstract":"<p><span>Although the earth's crust contains vast quantities of metals, extraction technologies and associated costs are inextricably bound to three fundamental geological factors — the amount of metal available in the earth's crust in each range of grades, the mineralogical form and chemical state of the metal, and the spatial distribution of the metal. The energy required to recover a given amount of metal increases substantially as grade declines. Most metal is produced from sulphide or oxide minerals, whereas most metal in the crust may be locked in the structures of the more refractory silicates. Recovery from silicate minerals could require orders of magnitude more energy than that used at present as also could exploitation of small, widely scattered or thin, deeply buried deposits. Although specific information on the fundamental factors is not available, each factor must in turn tend to further restrict exploitation. Independence of average grade and tonnage for many deposit types further reduces the availability of rock as a source of metal. In the long term, effects of these factors will be large increases in price for many metals.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0301-4207(77)90036-8","issn":"03014207","usgsCitation":"Singer, D., 1977, Long-term adequacy of metal resources: Resources Policy, v. 3, no. 2, p. 127-133, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-4207(77)90036-8.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"133","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219416,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4975e4b0c8380cd6860c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Singer, D.A.","contributorId":69128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70009804,"text":"70009804 - 1977 - Moon-Mercury: Large impact structures, isostasy and average crustal viscosity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-13T13:52:05","indexId":"70009804","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3071,"text":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Moon-Mercury: Large impact structures, isostasy and average crustal viscosity","docAbstract":"Thirty-five craters and basins larger than 200 km in diameter are recognized on the imaged portion (45%) of Mercury. If the unimaged portion of the planet is similarly cratered, a total of 78 such impact features may be present. Sixty-two craters and basins 200 km in diameter are recognized on the moon, a body with only half the cross-sectional area of Mercury. If surface areas are considered, however, Mercury is cratered only 70% as densely as the moon. The density of impact craters with diameters greater than 400 km on Mercury is only 30% of that on the moon, and for craters with diameters between 400 and 700 km, the density on Mercury is only 21% of the lunar crater density. The size-frequency distribution curve for the large Mercurian craters follows the same cumulative -2 slope as the lunar curve but lies well below the 10% surface saturation level characteristic of the lunar curve. This is taken as evidence that the old heavily cratered terrain on Mercury is, at least presently, not in a state of cratering equilibrium. The reduced density of large craters and basins on Mercury relative to the moon could be either a function of the crater-production rates on these bodies or an effect of different crustal histories. Resurfacing of the planet after the basin-forming period is ruled out by the presence of 54 craters and basins 100 km in diameter and larger (on the imaged portion of Mercury) that have either well-defined or poorly-defined secondary-crater fields. Total isostatic compensation of impact craters ???800 km in diameter indicates that the average viscosity of the Mercurian crust over the past 4+ aeons was the same as that for the moon (???1026.5 P). This calculated viscosity and the distribution of large craters and basins suggest that either the very early crustal viscosity on Mercury was less than that of the moon and the present viscosity greater, or the differences in large crater populations on the two bodies is indeed the result of variations in rates of crater production. ?? 1977.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0031-9201(77)90031-0","issn":"00319201","usgsCitation":"Schaber, G.G., Boyce, J.M., and Trask, N., 1977, Moon-Mercury: Large impact structures, isostasy and average crustal viscosity: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, v. 15, no. 2-3, p. 189-201, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(77)90031-0.","startPage":"189","endPage":"201","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267350,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(77)90031-0"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e22e4b0c8380cd707fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaber, G. G.","contributorId":68300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaber","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boyce, J. M.","contributorId":85952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trask, N.J.","contributorId":31729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trask","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70196006,"text":"70196006 - 1977 - Classification of the hydrologic settings of lakes in the north central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T12:08:14","indexId":"70196006","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Classification of the hydrologic settings of lakes in the north central United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>The hydrologic settings of 150 lakes in the north central United States were investigated by principal component analysis as a first attempt to develop a general classification of the hydrologic settings of lakes. Precipitation-evaporation balance and the water quality variables have high loadings on the first principal component. Highest loadings on component 2 are for streamflow in and out of the lakes. Components 3 and 4 are characterized by geologic and groundwater flow variables. The drainage basin area/lake area ratio, the overland runoff variable, has the highest loading on component 5. The stability of the principal components was tested by randomly splitting the data and comparing a principal component analysis of each subsample. This showed the first two principal components to be the most stable. The components described by the groundwater variables are less stable, but there is justification for using them with caution. Of the variables examined in this study the distribution of dissolved solids of groundwater is most closely related to the distribution of lake types as determined by other limnological typologies in the north central United States. The study indicates that the following are the most important variables to be considered in classifying the hydrologic settings of lakes: dissolved solids concentration of groundwater, precipitation-evaporation balance, streamflow inlet and outlet, the ratio of drainage basin area to lake area, and lake depth. Of the groundwater variables, local relief and regional slope are more important than is regional position. Texture of the drift and bedrock, which is related to hydraulic conductivity of the rocks, is very important.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/WR013i004p00753","usgsCitation":"Winter, T.C., 1977, Classification of the hydrologic settings of lakes in the north central United States: Water Resources Research, v. 13, no. 4, p. 753-767, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR013i004p00753.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"753","endPage":"767","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352438,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff5002e4b0da30c1bfdc66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winter, Thomas C.","contributorId":84736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70169193,"text":"70169193 - 1977 - Significant earthquakes of the world, 1976","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-23T16:24:41","indexId":"70169193","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Significant earthquakes of the world, 1976","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Person, W., 1977, Significant earthquakes of the world, 1976: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 9, no. 6, p. 32-36.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"36","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319305,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be4fe4b0f59b85e02f00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Person, W. J.","contributorId":91472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70170315,"text":"70170315 - 1977 - Studying earthquakes in New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-15T17:09:10","indexId":"70170315","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Studying earthquakes in New Zealand","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Eiby, G., 1977, Studying earthquakes in New Zealand: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 9, no. 5, p. 17-24.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":320106,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571210b8e4b0ef3b7ca6443b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eiby, G.A.","contributorId":168641,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eiby","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70170533,"text":"70170533 - 1977 - Australian seismicity studies; a historical survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-24T12:23:30","indexId":"70170533","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Australian seismicity studies; a historical survey","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Cleary, J., 1977, Australian seismicity studies; a historical survey: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 9, no. 5, p. 4-8.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":320479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571dee2be4b071321fe563f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cleary, J.","contributorId":168866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cleary","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70168836,"text":"70168836 - 1977 - Mitigating earthquakes; the federal role","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-24T15:02:06","indexId":"70168836","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mitigating earthquakes; the federal role","docAbstract":"<p>With rapid approach of a capability to make reliable earthquake forecasts, it essential that the Federal Government play a strong, positive role in formulating and implementing plans to reduce earthquake hazards. Many steps are being taken in this direction, with the President looking to the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) in his Executive Office to provide leadership in establishing and coordinating Federal activities.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Press, F., 1977, Mitigating earthquakes; the federal role: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 9, no. 6, p. 4-5.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318584,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56dabfe9e4b015c306f84cca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Press, F.","contributorId":167282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Press","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70164465,"text":"70164465 - 1977 - Measuring the size of an earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-28T08:23:48","indexId":"70164465","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measuring the size of an earthquake","docAbstract":"<p>Earthquakes occur in a broad range of sizes. A rock burst in an Idaho silver mine may involve the fracture of 1 meter of rock; the 1965 Rat island earthquake in the Aleutian arc involved a 650-kilometer lenght of Earth's crust. Earthquakes can be even smaller and even larger. if an earthquake is felt or causes perceptible surface damage, then its intesnity of shaking can be subjectively estimated. But many large earthquakes occur in oceanic area or at great focal depths. These are either simply not felt or their felt pattern does not really indicate their true size.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Spence, W., 1977, Measuring the size of an earthquake: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 9, no. 4, p. 21-23.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":316626,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b5d646e4b0cc7999817359","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spence, W.","contributorId":7721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spence","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70175532,"text":"70175532 - 1977 - Drainage areas of Texas streams, Brazos River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T10:43:48","indexId":"70175532","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Drainage areas of Texas streams, Brazos River Basin","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70175532","usgsCitation":"Tovar, F., and Brown, S., 1977, Drainage areas of Texas streams, Brazos River Basin: Open-File Report, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70175532.","productDescription":"45 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326556,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b43942e4b03bcb01039fab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tovar, F.H.","contributorId":42116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tovar","given":"F.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, S.M.","contributorId":88776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":33326,"text":"b1391E - 1977 - Mineral resources of study areas contiguous to the Uncompahgre Primitive Area, San Juan Mountains, southwestern Colorado, with a section on interpretation of aeromagnetic data","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":16130,"text":"ofr73271 - 1973 - Mineral resources of study areas contiguous to the Uncompahgre Primitive Area, San Juan Mountains, southwestern Colorado","indexId":"ofr73271","publicationYear":"1973","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of study areas contiguous to the Uncompahgre Primitive Area, San Juan Mountains, southwestern Colorado"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":33326,"text":"b1391E - 1977 - Mineral resources of study areas contiguous to the Uncompahgre Primitive Area, San Juan Mountains, southwestern Colorado, with a section on interpretation of aeromagnetic data","indexId":"b1391E","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Mineral resources of study areas contiguous to the Uncompahgre Primitive Area, San Juan Mountains, southwestern Colorado, with a section on interpretation of aeromagnetic data"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-01T20:21:21.749195","indexId":"b1391E","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1391","chapter":"E","title":"Mineral resources of study areas contiguous to the Uncompahgre Primitive Area, San Juan Mountains, southwestern Colorado, with a section on interpretation of aeromagnetic data","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1391E","usgsCitation":"Steven, T.A., Lipman, P.W., Fisher, F., Bieniewski, C.L., Meeves, H.C., Popenoe, P., and Luedke, R.G., 1977, Mineral resources of study areas contiguous to the Uncompahgre Primitive Area, San Juan Mountains, southwestern Colorado, with a section on interpretation of aeromagnetic data: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1391, viii, 126 p.; 3 Plates: 39.05 x 45.03 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1391E.","productDescription":"viii, 126 p.; 3 Plates: 39.05 x 45.03 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109714,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_21503.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"21503"},{"id":163631,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1391e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":92295,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1391e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92294,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1391e/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92293,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1391e/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92292,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1391e/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Mountains, Uncompahgre Primitive Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.967,\n              38.233\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.967,\n              37.954\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.267,\n              37.954\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.267,\n              38.233\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.967,\n              38.233\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b08e4b07f02db69b3e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steven, Thomas August","contributorId":73174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steven","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"August","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lipman, P. W.","contributorId":93470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"P.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fisher, F. S.","contributorId":36149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"F. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bieniewski, C. L.","contributorId":75553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bieniewski","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meeves, H. C.","contributorId":13978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meeves","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Popenoe, Peter","contributorId":52180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Popenoe","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":887314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Luedke, R. G.","contributorId":33706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luedke","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":887315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":1003124,"text":"1003124 - 1977 - Demographic features of a lapland longspur population near Barrow, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T09:40:18","indexId":"1003124","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demographic features of a lapland longspur population near Barrow, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Breeding density, clutch size, hatching and fledging success, and survival of adult Lapland Longspurs (<i>Calcarius lapponicus</i>) were monitored over a 7-year period near the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory, Barrow, Alaska. Nesting begins as soon as the tundra starts to clear of snow and appears to be timed so that the young of the year reach independence before the end of adult insect emergence. Arthropod prey become abruptly scarce after the period of insect emergence and thus probability of success for late broods is low. Time of nesting is also discussed in relation to factors of predation and timing of molt. At least 42.9% of males and 45.4% of females survived the next season after 1 year of age. Maximum longevity observed for both sexes is 6 years. Mean clutch size for all years investigated was 5.06 eggs per clutch. Clutch size showed both yearly and seasonal variation. The data indicate that timing of nesting is the chief factor in the observed clutch size differences, further modified by habitat quality, second nesting attempts, and probably age of female. Over a 4-year period the longspur breeding population on a 17-ha study plot declined from 15 to 2 breeding females. Life-table analysis indicates that low fledgling success for 3 consecutive years apparently was the main cause of this decline. Overall mean egg success was 44.0%, but close to 60% in 4 years considered more \"normal.\" The low egg success was due to 3 consecutive years of high predation, which may have been related to the disrupted lemming cycle of the Barrow region.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Custer, T.W., and Pitelka, F.A., 1977, Demographic features of a lapland longspur population near Barrow, Alaska: The Auk, v. 94, no. 3, p. 505-525.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"505","endPage":"525","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341290,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4085218"}],"volume":"94","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f780a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3170-6519 tcuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":2835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitelka, Frank A.","contributorId":58508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitelka","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1003373,"text":"1003373 - 1977 - Biotransformation and elimination of the herbicide dinitramine in carp","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-02T17:26:15.086009","indexId":"1003373","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2149,"text":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biotransformation and elimination of the herbicide dinitramine in carp","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/jf60211a015","usgsCitation":"Olson, L., Allen, J.L., and Hogan, J., 1977, Biotransformation and elimination of the herbicide dinitramine in carp: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v. 25, no. 3, p. 554-556, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60211a015.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"554","endPage":"556","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199324,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a31e4b07f02db6171f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, L.E.","contributorId":98263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, J. L.","contributorId":49295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hogan, J.W.","contributorId":25667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hogan","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":2001130,"text":"2001130 - 1977 - Toxicity of furanace to fish, aquatic invertebrates and frog eggs and larvae","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:55","indexId":"2001130","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":39,"text":"Investigations in Fish Control","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"75","title":"Toxicity of furanace to fish, aquatic invertebrates and frog eggs and larvae","docAbstract":"Abstract not submitted to date","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"La Crosse, WI","usgsCitation":"Marking, L.L., Bills, T., and Chandler, J.H., 1977, Toxicity of furanace to fish, aquatic invertebrates and frog eggs and larvae: Investigations in Fish Control 75, 6.","productDescription":"6","startPage":"0","endPage":"6","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199383,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db6280bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marking, L. L.","contributorId":90661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marking","given":"L.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bills, T.D.","contributorId":6393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bills","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chandler, J. H. Jr.","contributorId":74333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":2000115,"text":"2000115 - 1977 - Construction and operation of cable-chain drag for nest searches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-16T10:33:03","indexId":"2000115","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":98,"text":"Wildlife Leaflet","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"512","title":"Construction and operation of cable-chain drag for nest searches","docAbstract":"A list of materials necessary to build and use a 53-m-long cable-chain drag is presented. Techniques are described for searching, finding, and marking nests in a typical area of grassland.During nine nesting seasons, 7,894 nests representing 32 species were found by searching fields with cable-chain drags. Only 2% of the nests were damaged while searching; most of this damage was caused by the searcher or the vehicle, and not by the drag.The rate of nest abandonment caused by cable-chain searching was estimated to be less than 1%. Reflushing efficiency ranged from 25% for green-winged teal (Anas crecca) to 100% for shorebirds. Other uses of the cable-chain drag are also discussed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","usgsCitation":"Higgins, K., Kirsch, L., Duebbert, H., and Klett, A., 1977, Construction and operation of cable-chain drag for nest searches: Wildlife Leaflet 512, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"14","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198726,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2f1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Higgins, K.F.","contributorId":55767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirsch, L.M.","contributorId":43701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirsch","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duebbert, Harold F.","contributorId":11544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duebbert","given":"Harold F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klett, A.","contributorId":30321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klett","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":25514,"text":"wri7725 - 1977 - Geochemical and hydrologic data for wells and springs in thermal-spring areas of the Appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-02T15:01:34.255771","indexId":"wri7725","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"77-25","title":"Geochemical and hydrologic data for wells and springs in thermal-spring areas of the Appalachians","docAbstract":"<p>Current interest in geothermal potential of thermal-spring areas in the Appalachians enhances the value of data on thermal springs and wells in these areas. This report presents maps showing locations of selected springs and wells and tables of physical and chemical data pertaining to these wells and springs. The chemical tables show compositions of gases (oxygen, nitrogen, argon, methane, carbon dioxide, and helium), isotope contents (tritium, carbon-13, and oxygen-18), trace and minor element chemical data, and concentrations of the major chemical constituents. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri7725","usgsCitation":"Hobba, W., Chemerys, J., Fisher, D., and Pearson, F.J., 1977, Geochemical and hydrologic data for wells and springs in thermal-spring areas of the Appalachians: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 77-25, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri7725.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0025/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":406141,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1977/0025/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae6f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hobba, W.A. Jr.","contributorId":77518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hobba","given":"W.A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chemerys, J.C.","contributorId":94293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chemerys","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fisher, D.W.","contributorId":77519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pearson, F. J. Jr.","contributorId":7696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearson","given":"F.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":850711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":7000071,"text":"7000071 - 1977 - Statistics of arrival time residuals in southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"7000071","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":363,"text":"General Interest Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Statistics of arrival time residuals in southern California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/7000071","usgsCitation":"Jackson, D.D., and Ergas, R.A., 1977, Statistics of arrival time residuals in southern California: General Interest Publication, 15, [6] leaves : ill. ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/7000071.","productDescription":"15, [6] leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":198033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e1014","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, David D.","contributorId":94762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ergas, Raymond A.","contributorId":29923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ergas","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":7000073,"text":"7000073 - 1977 - Studying the Earth from space","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-17T17:16:11","indexId":"7000073","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":363,"text":"General Interest Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Studying the Earth from space","docAbstract":"Pictures of the Earth's surface obtained from satellites are providing scientists with new tools to investigate the Earth and its environment. At the same time, a growing population and an ever-expanding technology place unprecedented demands on natural resources. Man can no longer treat his resources strictly according to immediate economic dictates; a balance must be struck between the short-term demands of technological and industrial development and the long-term effects on the environment. Intelligent development, management, and conservation of resources are goals that represent a challenge in the acquisition and use of information.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/7000073","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1977, Studying the Earth from space: General Interest Publication, 24 p.;, https://doi.org/10.3133/7000073.","productDescription":"24 p.;","startPage":"1","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":261065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/7000073/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":259699,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/7000073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180,-90 ], [ -180,90 ], [ 180,90 ], [ 180,-90 ], [ -180,-90 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70010945,"text":"70010945 - 1977 - Hydrochemistry of the Lake Magadi basin, Kenya","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-11T11:09:46.651678","indexId":"70010945","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrochemistry of the Lake Magadi basin, Kenya","docAbstract":"<p>New and more complete compositional data are presented for a large number of water samples from the Lake Magadi area, Kenya. These water samples range from dilute inflow (&lt;0.1 g/kg dissolved solids) to very concentrated brines (&gt;300 g/kg dissolved solids). Five distinct hydrologic stages can be recognized in the evolution of the water compositions: dilute streamflow, dilute ground water, saline ground water (or hot spring reservoir), saturated brines, and residual brines. Based on the assumption that chloride is conserved in the waters during evaporative concentration, these stages are related to each other by the concentration factors of about 1:28:870:7600:16,800.</p><p>Dilute streamflow is represented by perennial streams entering the Rift Valley from the west. All but one (Ewaso Ngiro) of these streams disappear in the alluvium and do not reach the valley floor. Dilute ground water was collected from shallow pits and wells dug into lake sediments and alluvial channels. Saline ground water is roughly equivalent to the hot springs reservoir postulated by<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"small-caps\">Eugster</span><span>&nbsp;</span>(1970) and is represented by the hottest of the major springs. Saturated brines represent surficial lake brines just at the point of saturation with respect to trona (Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>.NaHCO<sub>3</sub>.2H<sub>2</sub>O), while residual brines are essentially interstitial to the evaporite deposit and have been subjected to a complex history of precipitation and re-solution.</p><p>The new data confirm the basic hydrologic model presented by<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"small-caps\">Eugster</span><span>&nbsp;</span>(1970) which has now been refined, particularly with respect to the early stages of evaporative concentration. Budget calculations show that only bromide is conserved as completely as chloride. Sodium follows chloride closely until trona precipitation, whereas silica and sulfate are largely lost during the very first concentration' step (dilute streamflow-dilute ground water). A large fraction of potassium and all calcium plus magnesium are removed during the first two concentration steps (dilute streamflow-dilute ground water-saline ground water). Carbonate and bicarbonate are the dominant anions, and mechanisms by which they are extracted from the solution include precipitation of alkali and alkaline-earth carbonates, and degassing, as well as precipitation and re-solution of efflorescent crusts. Much sulfate is apparently lost from solution by sorption as well as subsurface reduction.</p><p>Seasonal runoff, principally from the valley floor north of Lake Magadi, is considered to be the principal recharge to the Magadi ground water system. Evaporative concentration is the overall process responsible for the chemical evolution of the brines. This includes not only simple evaporation, but also mineral precipitation as films and cements in the unsaturated zone, re-solution, and reprecipitation of efflorescent crusts, with consequent recycling of salts. In fact, a large fraction of the solutes are acquired through dissolution of efflorescent crusts.</p><p>Data were obtained for borehole brines from as deep as 297 m. They show the existence of two distinct brine bodies below the present lake, one shallow, coexistent with bedded salts, and highly concentrated (260 g/kg average dissolved solids), and the other deeper in lacustrine sediments or fractured lavas, and only half as concentrated.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(77)90186-7","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Jones, B., Eugster, H., and Rettig, S., 1977, Hydrochemistry of the Lake Magadi basin, Kenya: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 41, no. 1, p. 53-72, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(77)90186-7.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"72","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220872,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3333e4b0c8380cd5edfa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, B.F.","contributorId":52156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eugster, H.P.","contributorId":99992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eugster","given":"H.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rettig, S.L.","contributorId":42592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rettig","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1014417,"text":"1014417 - 1977 - Differences in swimming performance among strains of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-03T16:36:17.56537","indexId":"1014417","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2543,"text":"Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differences in swimming performance among strains of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Swimming performance profiles, relating fish size to swimming time, were established for three strains of rainbow trout (</span><i>Salmo gairdneri</i><span>). No differences were found in slope of regressions; only in level at each size of fish. Swimming performances of New Zealand and Sand Creek strains did not differ, but were superior to the Manchester strain. In stamina results from 189-day-old fish from individual matings of seven strains and various crosses, similar strains and crosses had closely matching profiles whereas profiles of unrelated groups were variable. Comparison of slowest, average, and fastest growing fish within the New Zealand strain showed that swimming ability was not related to growth rate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/f77-048","usgsCitation":"Thomas, A., and Donahoo, M., 1977, Differences in swimming performance among strains of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, v. 34, no. 2, p. 304-307, https://doi.org/10.1139/f77-048.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"304","endPage":"307","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129601,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d77c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, A.E.","contributorId":27002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donahoo, M.J.","contributorId":13176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donahoo","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70009973,"text":"70009973 - 1977 - Uranium and coexisting element behaviour in surface waters and associated sediments with varied sampling techniques used for uranium exploration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-05T17:58:43.095145","indexId":"70009973","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uranium and coexisting element behaviour in surface waters and associated sediments with varied sampling techniques used for uranium exploration","docAbstract":"<div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Optimum sampling methods in surface water and associated sediments for use in uranium exploration are being studied at thirty sites in Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona and Utah. For water samples, filtering is recommended to increase sample homogeneity and reproducibility because for most elements studied water samples which were allowed to remain unfiltered until time of analysis contained higher concentrations than field-filtered samples of the same waters. Acidification of unfiltered samples resulted in still higher concentrations. This is predominantly because of leaching of the elements from the suspended fraction. U in water correlates directly with Ca, Mg, Na, K, Ba, B, Li and As.</div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">In stream sediments, U and other trace elements are concentrated in the finer size fractions. Accordingly, in prospecting, grain size fractions less than 90 μm (170 mesh) should be analyzed for U. A greater number of elements (21) show a significant positive correlation with U in stream sediments than in water. Results have revealed that anomalous concentrations of U found in water may not be detected in associated sediments and vice versa. Hence, sampling of both surface water and coexisting sediment is strongly recommended.</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(77)90060-7","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Wenrich-Verbeek, K., 1977, Uranium and coexisting element behaviour in surface waters and associated sediments with varied sampling techniques used for uranium exploration: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 8, no. 1-2, p. 337-355, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(77)90060-7.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"337","endPage":"355","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219499,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbd84e4b08c986b32907f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wenrich-Verbeek, K.J.","contributorId":74134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenrich-Verbeek","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70009785,"text":"70009785 - 1977 - Cell dimensions and antiferromagnetism of lunar and terrestrial ilmenite single crystals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-27T17:42:06.409661","indexId":"70009785","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2428,"text":"Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cell dimensions and antiferromagnetism of lunar and terrestrial ilmenite single crystals","docAbstract":"<div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">X-Ray diffraction and anisotropic magnetic measurements have been made on single crystals of lunar ilmenite and on terrestrial ilmenite from Bancroft, Ontario, Canada and the Ilmen Mountains, U.S.S.R. The elongated<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>c</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">c</span></span></span>-axis of lunar ilmenite, previously reported, is confirmed by new measurements. The shorter<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>c</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">c</span></span></span>-axis found in terrestrial specimens is ascribed to Fe<sup>3+</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>substitution for Ti<sup>4+</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>in the titanium layer. Magnetic measurements on the same specimens show that, in agreement with the Ishikawa-Shirane<span>&nbsp;</span><i>et al</i>. model, the initial shortening of the<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>c</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">c</span></span></span>-axis by the above substitution of small amounts of Fe<sup>3+</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(&lt;8%) causes an increase in Fe<sup>2+</sup>−Fe<sup>2+</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>exchange coupling through Fe<sup>3+</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>in the titanium layer that lowers the Néel transition temperature. The Weiss temperatures and other magnetic parameters confirm this model proposed by Ishikawa and Shirane<span>&nbsp;</span><i>et al</i>.</div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Additional transitions found in one of the terrestrial specimens (Bancroft) have been ascribed to a small amount of an exsolved spinel phase, possibly a solid solution phase of magnetite-ülvospinel. The spinel phase is localized in hematite-rich blebs which exsolved from the host ilmenite-rich phase.</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-3697(77)90155-X","issn":"00223697","usgsCitation":"Thorpe, A.N., Minkin, J., Senftle, F.E., Alexander, C., Briggs, C., Evans, H.T., and Nord, G.L., 1977, Cell dimensions and antiferromagnetism of lunar and terrestrial ilmenite single crystals: Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, v. 38, no. 2, p. 115-123, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3697(77)90155-X.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"123","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219718,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3dae4b0c8380cd4b9de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorpe, A. N.","contributorId":53504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorpe","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Minkin, J.A.","contributorId":38588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minkin","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Senftle, F. E.","contributorId":47788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senftle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alexander, Corrine","contributorId":51902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Corrine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Briggs, Charles","contributorId":94783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Evans, H. T. Jr.","contributorId":41859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nord, Gordon L. Jr.","contributorId":12498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nord","given":"Gordon","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70009786,"text":"70009786 - 1977 - Sets of spectral lines for spectrographic thermometry and manometry in d.c. arcs of geologic materials","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-15T15:04:16.337741","indexId":"70009786","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3464,"text":"Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sets of spectral lines for spectrographic thermometry and manometry in d.c. arcs of geologic materials","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sets of 5 Fe(I) lines and 3 Ti(I) Ti(II) line pairs have been characterized for precise spectrographic thermometry and manometry, respectively, in d.c. arcs of geologic materials. The recommended lines are free of spectral interferences, exhibit minimal self absorption within defined concentration intervals, and are useful for chemically-unaltered silicate rocks, arced in an argon—oxygen stream. The functional character of these lines in thermometry and manometry of d.c. arcs for evaluations of electrical parameter effects, for temporal studies, and for matrix-effect investigations on real samples is illustrated.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0584-8547(77)80033-5","issn":"05848547","usgsCitation":"Golightly, D.W., Dorrzapf, A.F., and Thomas, C.P., 1977, Sets of spectral lines for spectrographic thermometry and manometry in d.c. arcs of geologic materials: Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy, v. 32, no. 7-8, p. 313-325, https://doi.org/10.1016/0584-8547(77)80033-5.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"325","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219719,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"7-8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8d6ee4b08c986b3183d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golightly, D. W.","contributorId":32922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golightly","given":"D.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorrzapf, A. F. Jr.","contributorId":65998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorrzapf","given":"A.","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, C. P.","contributorId":71061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"C.","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70009959,"text":"70009959 - 1977 - Ore transport and deposition in the Red Sea geothermal system: a geochemical model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-08T17:24:09.319361","indexId":"70009959","displayToPublicDate":"1977-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1977","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ore transport and deposition in the Red Sea geothermal system: a geochemical model","docAbstract":"<p>Thermodynamic calculation of distribution of dissolved aqueous species in the Red Sea geothermal brine provides a model of ore transport and deposition in good agreement with observed accumulations of base metal sulfides, anhydrite, and barite.</p><p>The Red Sea brine is recirculated seawater that acquires high salinity by low-temperature interaction with Miocene evaporites and is subsequently heated to temperatures in excess of 200°C by interaction with recent rift zone intrusive rocks. At temperatures up to 250°C, NaSO<sup>−</sup><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and MgSO<sup>0</sup><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>are the dominant sulfur-bearing species. H<sub>2</sub>S forms by inorganic sulfate reduction at the higher temperatures but is maintained at a uniform concentration of about 2 ppm by the strength of the sulfate complexes.</p><p>Chloride complexes solubilize metals at the higher temperatures, and thus sulfide and metals are carried together into the Atlantis II Deep. Below 150°C, the brine becomes supersaturated with respect to chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, and iron monosulfide due to chloride-complex dissociation. Sulfide precipitation rates, based on the rate of brine influx, are in good agreement with measured sedimentation rates. Anhydrite precipitates as crystalline fissure infillings from high-temperature inflowing brine. Barite forms from partial oxidation of sulfides at the interface between the lower hot brine and the transitional brine layer.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(77)90255-1","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Shanks, W.C., and Bischoff, J.L., 1977, Ore transport and deposition in the Red Sea geothermal system: a geochemical model: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 41, no. 10, p. 1507-1519, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(77)90255-1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1507","endPage":"1519","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219276,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6f70e4b0c8380cd75ac3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanks, Wayne C. III","contributorId":100527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanks","given":"Wayne","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}