{"pageNumber":"535","pageRowStart":"13350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46856,"records":[{"id":70099209,"text":"ofr20141055 - 2014 - Groundwater-surface water relations in the Fox River watershed: insights from exploratory studies in Illinois and Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-21T15:22:13","indexId":"ofr20141055","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-21T15:17:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1055","title":"Groundwater-surface water relations in the Fox River watershed: insights from exploratory studies in Illinois and Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Exploratory studies were conducted at sites bordering the Fox River in Waukesha, Wisconsin, during 2010 and McHenry, Illinois, during 2011–13. The objectives of the studies were to assess strategies for the study of and insights into the potential for directly connected groundwater and surface-water systems with natural groundwater discharge to streams diverted and (or) streamflow induced (captured) by nearby production-well withdrawals. Several collection efforts of about 2 weeks or less provided information and data on site geology, groundwater and surface-water levels, hydraulic gradients, water-temperature and stream-seepage patterns, and water chemistry including stables isotopes. Overview information is presented for the Waukesha study, and selected data and preliminary findings are presented for the McHenry study.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141055","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"Mills, P., 2014, Groundwater-surface water relations in the Fox River watershed: insights from exploratory studies in Illinois and Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1055, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141055.","productDescription":"20 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-044038","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141055.jpg"},{"id":286453,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1055/pdf/ofr2014-1055.pdf"},{"id":286452,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1055/"}],"scale":"2000000","projection":"Albers Equal-Are Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Illinois;Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Fox River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.0,41.5 ], [ -89.0,43.0 ], [ -86.0,43.0 ], [ -86.0,41.5 ], [ -89.0,41.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53563df0e4b03a277fd6adaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mills, P.C. pcmills@usgs.gov","contributorId":3810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"P.C.","email":"pcmills@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70100406,"text":"sir20145060 - 2014 - Flood-inundation maps for the Mississinewa River at Marion, Indiana, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-16T10:29:28","indexId":"sir20145060","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-21T15:03:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5060","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the Mississinewa River at Marion, Indiana, 2013","docAbstract":"Digital flood-inundation maps for a 9-mile (mi) reach of the Mississinewa River from 0.75 mi upstream from the Pennsylvania Street bridge in Marion, Indiana, to 0.2 mi downstream from State Route 15 were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs. The flood inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage on the Mississinewa River at Marion (station number 03326500). Near-real-time stages at this streamgage may be obtained on the Internet from the USGS National Water Information System at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/ or the National Weather Service (NWS) Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service at http://water.weather.gov/ahps/, which also forecasts flood hydrographs at this site.\n\nFlood profiles were computed for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The model was calibrated by using the current stage-discharge relation at the Mississinewa River streamgage, in combination with water-surface profiles from historic floods and from the current (2002) flood-insurance study for Grant County, Indiana. The hydraulic model was then used to compute seven water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-fo (ft) intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from 10 ft, which is near bankfull, to 16 ft, which is between the water levels associated with the estimated 10- and 2-percent annual exceedance probability floods (floods with recurrence interval between 10 and 50 years) and equals the “major flood stage” as defined by the NWS. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a Geographic Information System digital elevation model (derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) data having a 0.98 ft vertical accuracy and 4.9 ft horizontal resolution) to delineate the area flooded at each water level.\n\nThe availability of these maps, along with Internet information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage and forecasted high-flow stages from the NWS, will provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145060","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs","usgsCitation":"Coon, W.F., 2014, Flood-inundation maps for the Mississinewa River at Marion, Indiana, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5060, Report: iv, 13 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145060.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 13 p.; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050572","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286466,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145060.jpg"},{"id":286464,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5060/pdf/sir2014-5060.pdf"},{"id":286465,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5060/downloads"},{"id":286463,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5060/"}],"projection":"Indiana State Plane Eastern Zone","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Marion","otherGeospatial":"Mississinewa River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85.709947,40.513774 ], [ -85.709947,40.621978 ], [ -85.599546,40.621978 ], [ -85.599546,40.513774 ], [ -85.709947,40.513774 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53563defe4b03a277fd6adaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coon, William F. 0000-0002-7007-7797 wcoon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7007-7797","contributorId":1765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coon","given":"William","email":"wcoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70093641,"text":"70093641 - 2014 - ChemCam results from the Shaler Outcrop in Gale Crater, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-16T15:16:08","indexId":"70093641","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-21T14:32:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"ChemCam results from the Shaler Outcrop in Gale Crater, Mars","docAbstract":"<div data-canvas-width=\"40.49933333333333\">The \"Shaler\" outcrop in Gale crater is approximately 0.7 m thick and &gt;20 m long, and exhibits multiple well-exposed platy and cross-stratified facies [1] interpreted to be primarily fluvial sandstone deposits. The outcrop is a part of the upper Glenelg member in the Yellowknife Bay (YKB) stratigraphic section [2]. Curiosity first encountered the \"Shaler\" outcrop on sol 121 of the mission, and returned to the outcrop on sols 309- 324. </div><div data-canvas-width=\"40.49933333333333\">The rugged nature of the outcrop and short time available for analysis limited opportunities for contact science, but ChemCam’s ability to remotely collect compositional and textural observations resulted in a large data set from Shaler. ChemCam conducted analyses of 29 non-soil targets at Shaler, 26 of which used laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for a total of 9,180 spectra. Three observations used only the remote micro-imager (RMI). Each of the 26 LIBS targets were analyzed at between 5 and 25 points, providing a measure of the target homogeneity and in some cases transecting fine strata.&nbsp;</div>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"45th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Lunar and Planetary Institute","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R.B., Edgar, L., Bridges, J., Williams, A., Williams, J., Ollila, A., Forni, O., Mangold, N., Lanza, N., Sautter, V., Gupta, S., Blaney, D., Clark, B., Clegg, G., Dromart, G., Gasnault, O., Lasue, J., Le Mouélic, S., Léveillé, R., Lewin, E., Lewis, K., Maurice, S., Nachon, M., Newsom, H., Vaniman, D., and Wiens, R.C., 2014, ChemCam results from the Shaler Outcrop in Gale Crater, Mars, <i>in</i> 45th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","ipdsId":"IP-053296","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286451,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282238,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2014/pdf/2380.pdf","text":"Report","size":"261.94 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gale crater, Mars","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53563deae4b03a277fd6ada1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Ryan Bradley","contributorId":38473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"Bradley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edgar, L.","contributorId":39618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edgar","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bridges, J.C.","contributorId":51968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, A.","contributorId":36463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, J.","contributorId":76270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ollila, A.","contributorId":30119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ollila","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Forni, O.","contributorId":102354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forni","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mangold, N.","contributorId":101164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangold","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lanza, N.","contributorId":65372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanza","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sautter, V.","contributorId":31278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sautter","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Gupta, S.","contributorId":18652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gupta","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Blaney, D.","contributorId":72513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blaney","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Clark, B.","contributorId":30224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Clegg, G.","contributorId":9576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clegg","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Dromart, G.","contributorId":7153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dromart","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Gasnault, O.","contributorId":31277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gasnault","given":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Lasue, J.","contributorId":19856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lasue","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Le Mouélic, S.","contributorId":77819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Le Mouélic","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Léveillé, Richard","contributorId":74300,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Léveillé","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":13302,"text":"11NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":490130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Lewin, E.","contributorId":33196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewin","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Lewis, K.","contributorId":74861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Maurice, S.","contributorId":18144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maurice","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Nachon, Marion","contributorId":48485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nachon","given":"Marion","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Newsom, H.","contributorId":98934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newsom","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Vaniman, D.","contributorId":16291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaniman","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Wiens, R. C.","contributorId":101893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiens","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26}]}}
,{"id":70093470,"text":"70093470 - 2014 - Characterizing the primary material sources and dominant erosional processes for post-fire debris-flow initiation in a headwater basin using multi-temporal terrestrial laser scanning data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-22T15:39:28","indexId":"70093470","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-21T10:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterizing the primary material sources and dominant erosional processes for post-fire debris-flow initiation in a headwater basin using multi-temporal terrestrial laser scanning data","docAbstract":"Wildfire dramatically alters the hydrologic response of a watershed such that even modest rainstorms can produce hazardous debris flows. Relative to shallow landslides, the primary sources of material and dominant erosional processes that contribute to post-fire debris-flow initiation are poorly constrained. Improving our understanding of how and where material is eroded from a watershed during a post-fire debris-flow requires (1) precise measurements of topographic change to calculate volumetric measurements of erosion and deposition, and (2) the identification of relevant morphometrically defined process domains to spatially constrain these measurements of erosion and deposition. In this study, we combine the morphometric analysis of a steep, small (0.01 km<sup>2</sup>) headwater drainage basin with measurements of topographic change using high-resolution (2.5 cm) multi-temporal terrestrial laser scanning data made before and after a post-fire debris flow. The results of the morphometric analysis are used to define four process domains: hillslope-divergent, hillslope-convergent, transitional, and channelized incision. We determine that hillslope-divergent and hillslope-convergent process domains represent the primary sources of material over the period of analysis in the study basin. From these results we conclude that raindrop-impact induced erosion, ravel, surface wash, and rilling are the primary erosional processes contributing to post-fire debris-flow initiation in the small, steep headwater basin. Further work is needed to determine (1) how these results vary with increasing drainage basin size, (2) how these data might scale upward for use with coarser resolution measurements of topography, and (3) how these results change with evolving sediment supply conditions and vegetation recovery.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.02.015","usgsCitation":"Staley, D.M., Waslewicz, T.A., and Kean, J.W., 2014, Characterizing the primary material sources and dominant erosional processes for post-fire debris-flow initiation in a headwater basin using multi-temporal terrestrial laser scanning data: Geomorphology, v. 214, p. 324-338, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.02.015.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"324","endPage":"338","ipdsId":"IP-054062","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286522,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286521,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.02.015"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Los Angeles County","otherGeospatial":"San Gabriel Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.4,34.2 ], [ -118.4,34.46 ], [ -117.86,34.46 ], [ -117.86,34.2 ], [ -118.4,34.2 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"214","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53578f62e4b0938066bc81c0","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.02.015","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.02.015","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Staley Dennis M., Wasklewicz Thad A., Kean Jason W.","journalName":"Geomorphology","publicationDate":"6/2014","auditedOn":"11/6/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waslewicz, Thad A.","contributorId":30913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waslewicz","given":"Thad","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kean, Jason W. 0000-0003-3089-0369 jwkean@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3089-0369","contributorId":1654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kean","given":"Jason","email":"jwkean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70099225,"text":"ofr20141053 - 2014 - Geologic field notes and geochemical analyses of outcrop and drill core from Mesoproterozoic rocks and iron-oxide deposits and prospects of southeast Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-21T09:17:42","indexId":"ofr20141053","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-21T09:13:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1053","title":"Geologic field notes and geochemical analyses of outcrop and drill core from Mesoproterozoic rocks and iron-oxide deposits and prospects of southeast Missouri","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Natural Resources/Missouri Geological Survey, undertook a study from 1988 to 1994 on the iron-oxide deposits and their host Mesoproterozoic igneous rocks in southeastern Missouri. The project resulted in an improvement of our understanding of the geologic setting, mode of formation, and the composition of many of the known deposits and prospects and the associated rocks of the St. Francois terrane in Missouri. The goal for this earlier work was to allow the comparison of Missouri iron-oxide deposits in context with other iron oxide-copper ± uranium (IOCG) types of mineral deposits observed globally. The raw geochemical analyses were released originally through the USGS National Geochemical Database (NGDB, http://mrdata.usgs.gov). The data presented herein offers all of the field notes, locations, rock descriptions, and geochemical analyses in a coherent package to facilitate new research efforts in IOCG deposit types. The data are provided in both Microsoft Excel (Version Office 2010) spreadsheet format (*.xlsx) and MS-DOS text formats (*.txt) for ease of use by numerous computer programs.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141053","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"Day, W.C., and Granitto, M., 2014, Geologic field notes and geochemical analyses of outcrop and drill core from Mesoproterozoic rocks and iron-oxide deposits and prospects of southeast Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1053, Report: iv, 7 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141053.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 7 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051805","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141053.jpg"},{"id":286431,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1053/"},{"id":286439,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1053/pdf/ofr2014-1053.pdf"},{"id":286440,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1053/downloads/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.0721,35.9957 ], [ -93.0721,38.3586 ], [ -89.1045,38.3586 ], [ -89.1045,35.9957 ], [ -93.0721,35.9957 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53563df0e4b03a277fd6adac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Day, Warren C. 0000-0002-9278-2120 wday@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-2120","contributorId":1308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Warren","email":"wday@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Granitto, Matthew 0000-0003-3445-4863 granitto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3445-4863","contributorId":1224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granitto","given":"Matthew","email":"granitto@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70101010,"text":"fs20143034 - 2014 - The USGS at Embudo, New Mexico: 125 years of systematic streamgaging in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-21T09:08:56","indexId":"fs20143034","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-21T09:04:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3034","title":"The USGS at Embudo, New Mexico: 125 years of systematic streamgaging in the United States","docAbstract":"<p>John Wesley Powell, second Director of the U.S. Geological Survey, had a vision for the Western United States. In the late 1800s, Powell explored the West as head of the Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain Region. He devoted a large part of “Report on the Lands of the Arid Region of the United States with a more detailed account of the land of Utah with maps,” his 1878 report to the General Land Office on the lands west of the 100th meridian, to the feasibility of “reclaiming” large portions of this arid land.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Powell recognized that the availability of water was key to the wise settlement of the region. He proposed to inventory all streams in the West to evaluate the potential for irrigation. The essential first step was to gage the flows of the rivers and streams.</p>\n<br>\n<p>A few cities in the Eastern United States had established primitive streamgages as early as the 1870s to acquire data needed for the design of their water supply systems. Their methods generally used constructed channels and dams to enable accurate gaging. These methods were not feasible in the West, and certainly not on the vast scale and extreme range of flows common to western streams. New, more flexible techniques were needed. A site was chosen where these methods could be worked out and developed in a practical setting.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143034","issn":"2327-6932","usgsCitation":"Gunn, M.A., Matherne, A.M., and Mason, 2014, The USGS at Embudo, New Mexico: 125 years of systematic streamgaging in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3034, Report: 4 p.; Poster: 17.00 x 11.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143034.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; Poster: 17.00 x 11.00 inches","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055268","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286438,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143034.jpg"},{"id":286436,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3034/pdf/fs2014-3034.pdf"},{"id":286437,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3034/pdf/fs2014-3034_poster.pdf"},{"id":285910,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3034/"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","city":"Embudo","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.977139,36.198519 ], [ -105.977139,36.216526 ], [ -105.945124,36.216526 ], [ -105.945124,36.198519 ], [ -105.977139,36.198519 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53563df2e4b03a277fd6adbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gunn, Mark A. mgunn@usgs.gov","contributorId":4405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunn","given":"Mark","email":"mgunn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matherne, Anne Marie 0000-0002-5873-2226 matherne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5873-2226","contributorId":303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matherne","given":"Anne","email":"matherne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Marie","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, Jr. 0000-0002-3998-3468 rrmason@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3998-3468","contributorId":2090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mason","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rrmason@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70073971,"text":"sir20145003 - 2014 - Three-dimensional geologic mapping of the Cenozoic basin fill, Amargosa Desert basin, Nevada and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-22T08:20:08","indexId":"sir20145003","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-21T08:43:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5003","title":"Three-dimensional geologic mapping of the Cenozoic basin fill, Amargosa Desert basin, Nevada and California","docAbstract":"Understanding the subsurface geologic framework of the Cenozoic basin fill that underlies the Amargosa Desert in southern Nevada and southeastern California has been improved by using borehole data to construct three-dimensional lithologic and interpreted facies models. Lithologic data from 210 boreholes from a 20-kilometer (km) by 90-km area were reduced to a limited suite of descriptors based on geologic knowledge of the basin and distributed in three-dimensional space using interpolation methods. The resulting lithologic model of the Amargosa Desert basin portrays a complex system of interfingered coarse- to fine-grained alluvium, playa and palustrine deposits, eolian sands, and interbedded volcanic units. Lithologic units could not be represented in the model as a stacked stratigraphic sequence due to the complex interfingering of lithologic units and the absence of available time-stratigraphic markers. Instead, lithologic units were grouped into interpreted genetic classes, such as playa or alluvial fan, to create a three-dimensional model of the interpreted facies data. Three-dimensional facies models computed from these data portray the alluvial infilling of a tectonically formed basin with intermittent internal drainage and localized regional groundwater discharge. The lithologic and interpreted facies models compare favorably to resistivity, aeromagnetic, and geologic map data, lending confidence to the interpretation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145003","usgsCitation":"Taylor, E.M., and Sweetkind, D., 2014, Three-dimensional geologic mapping of the Cenozoic basin fill, Amargosa Desert basin, Nevada and California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5003, Report: v, 40 p.; Appendix 1: 1 XLS file; Appendix 2: XLS file, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145003.","productDescription":"Report: v, 40 p.; Appendix 1: 1 XLS file; Appendix 2: XLS file","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049168","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286442,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145003.jpg"},{"id":286432,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5003/"},{"id":286433,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5003/pdf/sir2014-5003.pdf"},{"id":286434,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5003/downloads/Appendix1.xlsx"},{"id":286435,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5003/downloads/Appendix2.xlsx"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 11","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"California;Nevada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.904187,36.223539 ], [ -116.904187,36.793477 ], [ -116.067209,36.793477 ], [ -116.067209,36.223539 ], [ -116.904187,36.223539 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53563df2e4b03a277fd6adc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Emily M. 0000-0003-1152-5761 emtaylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1152-5761","contributorId":1240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Emily","email":"emtaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":489308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sweetkind, Donald S.","contributorId":18732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweetkind","given":"Donald S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70096275,"text":"ds830 - 2014 - Gravity, magnetic, and radiometric data for Newberry Volcano, Oregon, and vicinity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-15T10:33:40","indexId":"ds830","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-18T14:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"830","title":"Gravity, magnetic, and radiometric data for Newberry Volcano, Oregon, and vicinity","docAbstract":"<p>Newberry Volcano in central Oregon is a 3,100-square-kilometer (1,200-square-mile) shield-shaped composite volcano, occupying a location east of the main north-south trend of the High Cascades volcanoes and forming a transition between the High Lava Plains subprovince of the Basin and Range Province to the east and the Cascade Range to the west. Magnetic, gravity, and radiometric data have been gathered and assessed for the region around the volcano. These data have widely varying quality and resolution, even within a given dataset, and these limitations are evaluated and described in this release.</p><p>Publicly available gravity data in general are too sparse to permit detailed modeling except along a few roads with high-density coverage. Likewise, magnetic data are also unsuitable for all but very local modeling, primarily because available data consist of a patchwork of datasets with widely varying line-spacing. Gravity data show only the broadest correlation with mapped geology, whereas magnetic data show moderate correlation with features only in the vicinity of Newberry Caldera. At large scales, magnetic data correlate poorly with both geologic mapping and gravity data. These poor correlations are largely due to the different sensing depths of the two potential fields methods, which respond to physical properties deeper than the surficial geology. Magnetic data derive from rocks no deeper than the Curie-point isotherm depth (10 to 15 kilometers, km, maximum), whereas gravity data reflect density-contrasts to 100 to 150 km depths. Radiometric data from the National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) surveys of the 1980s have perhaps the coarsest line-spacing of all (as much as 10 km between lines) and are extremely “noisy” for several reasons inherent to this kind of data. Despite its shallow-sensing character, only a few larger anomalies in the NURE data correlate well with geologic mapping.</p><p>The purpose of this data series release is to collect and place the available geophysical data in the hands of other investigators in a readily comprehensible form. All data-compilation, splicing, filtering, and overlay-map displays were accomplished with the commercial Geosoft™ system, Advanced Option. Images are provided in both JPG and PDF formats.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds830","issn":"2327-638X","usgsCitation":"Wynn, J., 2014, Gravity, magnetic, and radiometric data for Newberry Volcano, Oregon, and vicinity: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 830, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds830.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042975","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286430,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds830.jpg"},{"id":283897,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0830/"},{"id":286429,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0830/COVER2.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Newberry Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,42.0 ], [ -122.5,45.0 ], [ -118.0,45.0 ], [ -118.0,42.0 ], [ -122.5,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53523b52e4b0198343cffa77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wynn, Jeff 0000-0002-8102-3882 jwynn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8102-3882","contributorId":2803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wynn","given":"Jeff","email":"jwynn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70095685,"text":"ofr20141039 - 2014 - Precipitation and streamflow data from the Fort Carson Military Reservation and precipitation, streamflow, and suspended-sediment data from the Piñon Canyon Maneuver Site, Southeastern Colorado, 2008-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-22T08:21:09","indexId":"ofr20141039","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-18T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1039","title":"Precipitation and streamflow data from the Fort Carson Military Reservation and precipitation, streamflow, and suspended-sediment data from the Piñon Canyon Maneuver Site, Southeastern Colorado, 2008-2012","docAbstract":"<p>In 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U. S. Department of the Army, compiled available precipitation and streamflow data for the years of 2008–2012 from the Fort Carson Military Reservation (Fort Carson) near Colorado Springs, Colo., and precipitation, streamflow, and suspended-sediment loads from the Piñon Canyon Maneuver Site (PCMS) near Trinidad, Colo. Graphical representations of the data presented herein are a continuation of work completed by the USGS in 2008 to gain a better understanding of spatial and temporal trends within the hydrologic data.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>Precipitation stations at Fort Carson and the PCMS were divided into groups based on their land-surface altitude (LSA) to determine if there is a spatial difference in precipitation amounts based on LSA for either military facility. Two-sample t-tests and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests indicated statistically significant differences exist between precipitation values at different groups for Fort Carson but not for the PCMS. All five precipitation stations at Fort Carson exhibit a decrease in median daily total precipitation from years 2002–2007 to 2008–2012. For the PCMS, median precipitation values decreased from the first study period to the second for the 13 stations monitored year-round except for Burson and Big Hills.</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>Mean streamflow for 2008–2012 is less than mean streamflow for 1983–2007 for all stream-gaging stations at Fort Carson and at the PCMS. During the study period, each of the stream-gaging stations within the tributary channels at the PCMS accounted for less than three percent of the total streamflow at the Purgatoire River at Rock Crossing gage. Peak streamflow for 2008–2012 is less than peak streamflow for 2002–2007 at both Fort Carson and the PCMS. At the PCMS, mean suspended-sediment yield for 2008–2012 increased by 54 percent in comparison to the mean yield for 2002–2007. This increase is likely related to the destruction of groundcover by a series of wildfires within the PCMS in 2008 and 2011.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141039","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army","usgsCitation":"Brown, C.R., 2014, Precipitation and streamflow data from the Fort Carson Military Reservation and precipitation, streamflow, and suspended-sediment data from the Piñon Canyon Maneuver Site, Southeastern Colorado, 2008-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1039, v, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141039.","productDescription":"v, 39 p.","numberOfPages":"47","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050832","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286419,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141039.jpg"},{"id":286418,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1039/pdf/ofr2014-1039.pdf"},{"id":286417,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1039/"}],"projection":"World Geodetic System 84 projection zone 13","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Pi�on Canyon Maneuver Site","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105,38.416 ], [ -105,38.083 ], [ -104.583,38.083 ], [ -104.583,38.416 ], [ -105,38.416 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53523b53e4b0198343cffa7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Christopher R. crbrown@usgs.gov","contributorId":4751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Christopher","email":"crbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70101782,"text":"fs20143036 - 2014 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:43:54","indexId":"fs20143036","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-17T14:05:37","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3036","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of North Dakota, elevation data are critical for agriculture and precision farming, natural resources conservation, water supply and quality, infrastructure and construction management, flood risk management, geologic resource assessment and hazard mitigation, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.</p>\n<p>The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios.The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A&ndash;16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143036","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2014, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3036, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143036.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052820","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286405,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143036.jpg"},{"id":286403,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3036/"},{"id":286404,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3036/pdf/fs2014-3036.pdf","text":"Report","size":"277 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-98.724375,45.938686],[-100.720865,45.944024],[-104.045443,45.94531],[-104.046822,46.000199],[-104.045333,47.343452],[-104.041662,47.862282],[-104.048054,48.500025],[-104.048736,48.999877],[-102.216993,48.998553],[-97.229039,49.000687],[-97.231397,48.997212],[-97.230833,48.991303],[-97.238387,48.982631],[-97.238882,48.966573],[-97.23146,48.962437],[-97.232147,48.948955],[-97.227854,48.945864],[-97.224505,48.9341],[-97.217549,48.929892],[-97.219095,48.922078],[-97.217992,48.919735],[-97.211161,48.916649],[-97.212706,48.908143],[-97.210541,48.90439],[-97.197982,48.898332],[-97.199981,48.891086],[-97.197857,48.886838],[-97.197982,48.880341],[-97.186238,48.87347],[-97.187113,48.866098],[-97.180116,48.861601],[-97.179071,48.856866],[-97.175618,48.853105],[-97.177243,48.846483],[-97.173811,48.838309],[-97.181116,48.832741],[-97.180991,48.828992],[-97.177747,48.824815],[-97.180028,48.81845],[-97.177045,48.814124],[-97.164874,48.808253],[-97.165921,48.803792],[-97.162959,48.79293],[-97.157093,48.790024],[-97.157804,48.784104],[-97.154116,48.781891],[-97.155223,48.775499],[-97.147478,48.766033],[-97.151043,48.755707],[-97.139488,48.746611],[-97.139611,48.738129],[-97.134847,48.733324],[-97.135588,48.726403],[-97.126398,48.721101],[-97.116185,48.709348],[-97.119027,48.703292],[-97.118286,48.700573],[-97.108655,48.691484],[-97.097584,48.686298],[-97.100674,48.679624],[-97.100009,48.667926],[-97.102652,48.664793],[-97.100551,48.658614],[-97.111921,48.642918],[-97.108466,48.632658],[-97.111559,48.630266],[-97.125269,48.629694],[-97.124774,48.621537],[-97.130089,48.621166],[-97.131448,48.613998],[-97.137504,48.612268],[-97.138246,48.604234],[-97.143684,48.597066],[-97.141585,48.59082],[-97.142915,48.583733],[-97.14974,48.579516],[-97.149616,48.569876],[-97.158638,48.564067],[-97.158267,48.558753],[-97.153942,48.556034],[-97.152459,48.552326],[-97.160863,48.549236],[-97.16309,48.543964],[-97.148874,48.534282],[-97.153076,48.524148],[-97.148133,48.503384],[-97.146279,48.499677],[-97.138864,48.494362],[-97.139276,48.48631],[-97.144981,48.481571],[-97.141397,48.476256],[-97.143745,48.473661],[-97.144116,48.469212],[-97.141768,48.464021],[-97.132746,48.459942],[-97.133611,48.45228],[-97.137689,48.447583],[-97.137689,48.444247],[-97.134229,48.439797],[-97.13497,48.436337],[-97.139296,48.432011],[-97.1356,48.424369],[-97.142849,48.419471],[-97.142457,48.416727],[-97.138343,48.415944],[-97.1356,48.411829],[-97.135012,48.406735],[-97.145592,48.394195],[-97.145201,48.388904],[-97.140106,48.380479],[-97.142066,48.374209],[-97.147356,48.368723],[-97.147748,48.359905],[-97.143861,48.354503],[-97.137822,48.352003],[-97.137904,48.344585],[-97.131145,48.339722],[-97.134772,48.328677],[-97.127766,48.326781],[-97.127601,48.323319],[-97.13125,48.319543],[-97.131921,48.312728],[-97.126176,48.309147],[-97.126176,48.303701],[-97.122296,48.301388],[-97.12252,48.299299],[-97.128638,48.297657],[-97.128862,48.292882],[-97.12216,48.290056],[-97.11657,48.279661],[-97.12408,48.27125],[-97.131846,48.267589],[-97.127146,48.262889],[-97.129384,48.258785],[-97.127967,48.251474],[-97.138033,48.246236],[-97.138618,48.242429],[-97.135763,48.237596],[-97.141254,48.234668],[-97.139311,48.230187],[-97.136304,48.228984],[-97.138154,48.223104],[-97.135617,48.220904],[-97.135177,48.217243],[-97.137407,48.215245],[-97.134372,48.210434],[-97.134738,48.207506],[-97.138765,48.20465],[-97.138007,48.197587],[-97.146233,48.186054],[-97.141474,48.179099],[-97.146745,48.168556],[-97.144242,48.16249],[-97.138911,48.157793],[-97.142133,48.144981],[-97.131956,48.139563],[-97.132176,48.135829],[-97.129453,48.133133],[-97.128279,48.127185],[-97.120702,48.114987],[-97.123205,48.106648],[-97.11147,48.105913],[-97.108428,48.099824],[-97.10395,48.096184],[-97.105616,48.091362],[-97.099798,48.085884],[-97.099431,48.082106],[-97.104697,48.073094],[-97.097772,48.07108],[-97.086986,48.058222],[-97.075641,48.052725],[-97.072257,48.048068],[-97.068711,48.027694],[-97.072239,48.019107],[-97.069284,48.016176],[-97.063289,48.014989],[-97.066762,48.009558],[-97.064289,47.998508],[-97.053089,47.990252],[-97.059153,47.97538],[-97.057153,47.97048],[-97.061854,47.96448],[-97.052454,47.957179],[-97.055554,47.949079],[-97.054554,47.946279],[-97.044954,47.941079],[-97.036054,47.939379],[-97.037354,47.933279],[-97.035754,47.930179],[-97.017754,47.919778],[-97.018054,47.918078],[-97.023754,47.915878],[-97.017254,47.913078],[-97.015054,47.907178],[-97.017254,47.905678],[-97.024955,47.908178],[-97.020155,47.900478],[-97.023955,47.898078],[-97.024955,47.894978],[-97.018955,47.891078],[-97.024955,47.886878],[-97.025355,47.884278],[-97.017955,47.878478],[-97.023156,47.874978],[-97.021256,47.872578],[-97.002456,47.868677],[-97.001556,47.867377],[-97.005857,47.865277],[-96.998144,47.858882],[-96.996364,47.844398],[-96.998295,47.841724],[-96.992963,47.837911],[-96.986685,47.837639],[-96.981725,47.830421],[-96.982272,47.826668],[-96.979327,47.824533],[-96.980391,47.815662],[-96.977946,47.811619],[-96.980947,47.808337],[-96.980579,47.805614],[-96.975131,47.798326],[-96.966068,47.797297],[-96.95786,47.792021],[-96.957283,47.790147],[-96.963521,47.78729],[-96.965316,47.783474],[-96.956501,47.779798],[-96.956635,47.776188],[-96.949585,47.775228],[-96.939179,47.768397],[-96.936909,47.764536],[-96.937859,47.760195],[-96.932684,47.756804],[-96.934463,47.752956],[-96.929051,47.750331],[-96.928505,47.748037],[-96.932809,47.737139],[-96.919131,47.724731],[-96.923544,47.718201],[-96.920391,47.716527],[-96.920119,47.710383],[-96.9155,47.707968],[-96.915242,47.703527],[-96.907604,47.695119],[-96.909909,47.689522],[-96.907236,47.688493],[-96.902971,47.691576],[-96.900264,47.690775],[-96.896724,47.674758],[-96.891922,47.673157],[-96.885573,47.663443],[-96.887607,47.658853],[-96.88697,47.653049],[-96.882882,47.650168],[-96.882857,47.641714],[-96.888573,47.63845],[-96.882393,47.633489],[-96.879496,47.620576],[-96.870871,47.618042],[-96.874078,47.614774],[-96.860255,47.612175],[-96.855421,47.60875],[-96.856903,47.602329],[-96.852826,47.597891],[-96.854743,47.594728],[-96.851293,47.589264],[-96.853273,47.579483],[-96.856373,47.575749],[-96.853689,47.570381],[-96.858769,47.56741],[-96.857236,47.564055],[-96.859153,47.559741],[-96.853755,47.552497],[-96.856429,47.546957],[-96.854423,47.545333],[-96.856716,47.540271],[-96.85471,47.535973],[-96.866363,47.525944],[-96.863245,47.517266],[-96.854204,47.514368],[-96.851749,47.510088],[-96.853317,47.501322],[-96.851653,47.497098],[-96.85853,47.490889],[-96.855856,47.48831],[-96.85853,47.482484],[-96.85471,47.478281],[-96.859868,47.470926],[-96.856811,47.46319],[-96.859963,47.457363],[-96.858148,47.454498],[-96.859537,47.445662],[-96.85748,47.441603],[-96.861014,47.428995],[-96.858721,47.426129],[-96.864261,47.419539],[-96.861231,47.41781],[-96.86207,47.415159],[-96.858094,47.410317],[-96.853325,47.408889],[-96.852739,47.405909],[-96.84511,47.400483],[-96.845492,47.394179],[-96.840717,47.391314],[-96.841099,47.38415],[-96.845588,47.381571],[-96.846925,47.376891],[-96.853754,47.373405],[-96.848907,47.370565],[-96.852226,47.367291],[-96.848119,47.358026],[-96.843439,47.354397],[-96.845158,47.34943],[-96.844012,47.346182],[-96.835845,47.335914],[-96.83852,47.33238],[-96.835177,47.32856],[-96.835845,47.321014],[-96.841194,47.317575],[-96.842531,47.312418],[-96.835735,47.310843],[-96.832884,47.30449],[-96.843922,47.29302],[-96.844088,47.289981],[-96.84022,47.276981],[-96.8432,47.270486],[-96.838997,47.267716],[-96.842627,47.263991],[-96.840717,47.261221],[-96.840525,47.253866],[-96.834699,47.248135],[-96.838233,47.242882],[-96.832693,47.236196],[-96.837564,47.231802],[-96.835654,47.227217],[-96.838806,47.22502],[-96.838329,47.222059],[-96.835941,47.221009],[-96.836514,47.216137],[-96.833553,47.212794],[-96.835463,47.208401],[-96.83212,47.204866],[-96.83766,47.201141],[-96.838806,47.197894],[-96.83126,47.191781],[-96.831451,47.185572],[-96.826676,47.181561],[-96.829637,47.17497],[-96.825147,47.172295],[-96.824479,47.167042],[-96.822091,47.165036],[-96.824861,47.159783],[-96.822706,47.156229],[-96.83126,47.1509],[-96.830114,47.146793],[-96.832407,47.143736],[-96.827631,47.136572],[-96.828777,47.13151],[-96.824476,47.127188],[-96.827344,47.120144],[-96.821189,47.115723],[-96.822694,47.109622],[-96.817984,47.106007],[-96.81999,47.100849],[-96.818366,47.093304],[-96.820563,47.08977],[-96.819034,47.087573],[-96.82065,47.083619],[-96.819479,47.078181],[-96.823715,47.071717],[-96.823491,47.065911],[-96.821327,47.06293],[-96.824479,47.059682],[-96.819321,47.0529],[-96.820849,47.041438],[-96.818557,47.035516],[-96.821613,47.031505],[-96.817984,47.026538],[-96.829499,47.021537],[-96.833038,47.016029],[-96.834221,47.006671],[-96.82318,46.999965],[-96.824598,46.993309],[-96.819894,46.977357],[-96.821852,46.969372],[-96.809814,46.9639],[-96.802749,46.965933],[-96.79931,46.964118],[-96.799358,46.947355],[-96.791558,46.944464],[-96.790058,46.937664],[-96.791048,46.929876],[-96.78312,46.925482],[-96.775157,46.930863],[-96.763257,46.935063],[-96.760292,46.93341],[-96.762011,46.929303],[-96.759528,46.925769],[-96.761343,46.922234],[-96.759241,46.918223],[-96.762871,46.916886],[-96.765657,46.905063],[-96.770458,46.906763],[-96.776558,46.895663],[-96.773558,46.884763],[-96.767358,46.883663],[-96.768458,46.879563],[-96.771258,46.877463],[-96.781358,46.879363],[-96.779302,46.872699],[-96.782881,46.862585],[-96.781067,46.859146],[-96.782022,46.853415],[-96.777915,46.850741],[-96.780207,46.845392],[-96.779347,46.842144],[-96.783359,46.840807],[-96.785365,46.834025],[-96.789377,46.833166],[-96.787657,46.827817],[-96.791559,46.827864],[-96.80016,46.819664],[-96.799336,46.815436],[-96.802013,46.812464],[-96.801446,46.810401],[-96.796488,46.808709],[-96.796992,46.791572],[-96.791478,46.785694],[-96.792433,46.778913],[-96.788803,46.777575],[-96.788612,46.771271],[-96.784314,46.767546],[-96.785556,46.764394],[-96.783646,46.762579],[-96.787466,46.756753],[-96.783646,46.753123],[-96.784601,46.743094],[-96.781216,46.740944],[-96.784279,46.732993],[-96.779252,46.727429],[-96.779899,46.722915],[-96.784751,46.720495],[-96.786184,46.71284],[-96.791204,46.703747],[-96.787801,46.700446],[-96.787801,46.691181],[-96.784339,46.685054],[-96.788159,46.681879],[-96.788947,46.678382],[-96.792958,46.677427],[-96.792576,46.672173],[-96.798357,46.665314],[-96.798823,46.658071],[-96.796767,46.653363],[-96.790663,46.649112],[-96.789405,46.641639],[-96.791096,46.633155],[-96.784815,46.629439],[-96.783932,46.621598],[-96.779061,46.620834],[-96.778488,46.616153],[-96.774094,46.613288],[-96.775622,46.609276],[-96.772088,46.606315],[-96.772446,46.600129],[-96.766596,46.597957],[-96.762584,46.593946],[-96.76182,46.588501],[-96.756662,46.585827],[-96.756949,46.583534],[-96.752746,46.58277],[-96.752746,46.577517],[-96.746442,46.574078],[-96.744436,46.56596],[-96.74883,46.558127],[-96.744532,46.551346],[-96.746347,46.546283],[-96.742812,46.543609],[-96.745009,46.541698],[-96.742335,46.538546],[-96.744341,46.533006],[-96.738475,46.525793],[-96.736147,46.513478],[-96.738562,46.509366],[-96.735888,46.50631],[-96.737702,46.50077],[-96.733612,46.497224],[-96.737989,46.487875],[-96.735505,46.484914],[-96.735123,46.478897],[-96.726914,46.476432],[-96.726718,46.474121],[-96.720891,46.471446],[-96.720414,46.468008],[-96.715557,46.463232],[-96.715593,46.453867],[-96.718551,46.451913],[-96.716438,46.444567],[-96.718074,46.438255],[-96.709095,46.435294],[-96.706994,46.430231],[-96.701645,46.428607],[-96.701358,46.420584],[-96.69792,46.42068],[-96.696583,46.415617],[-96.688941,46.413134],[-96.688082,46.40788],[-96.680687,46.407383],[-96.669132,46.390037],[-96.669794,46.384644],[-96.667189,46.375458],[-96.658436,46.373391],[-96.655206,46.365964],[-96.646532,46.36251],[-96.647296,46.358499],[-96.644335,46.351908],[-96.629211,46.352654],[-96.628522,46.349569],[-96.62079,46.347607],[-96.618147,46.344295],[-96.619991,46.340135],[-96.608075,46.332576],[-96.599761,46.330386],[-96.60104,46.319554],[-96.598233,46.312563],[-96.60136,46.30413],[-96.598679,46.29775],[-96.600302,46.294407],[-96.596077,46.290536],[-96.598774,46.281417],[-96.595014,46.275135],[-96.599729,46.262123],[-96.594571,46.258302],[-96.594189,46.251712],[-96.590082,46.248655],[-96.598119,46.243112],[-96.59755,46.227733],[-96.59567,46.21985],[-96.591652,46.218183],[-96.583582,46.201047],[-96.587694,46.195262],[-96.587599,46.178928],[-96.584495,46.177123],[-96.582823,46.170905],[-96.57862,46.168135],[-96.579453,46.147601],[-96.56926,46.133686],[-96.571439,46.12572],[-96.563043,46.119512],[-96.562811,46.11625],[-96.56692,46.11475],[-96.557952,46.102442],[-96.556345,46.08688],[-96.554507,46.083978],[-96.558088,46.072096],[-96.556907,46.06483],[-96.559271,46.058272],[-96.566295,46.051416],[-96.57794,46.026874],[-96.574264,46.016545],[-96.575869,46.007999],[-96.573605,46.002309],[-96.57035,45.963595],[-96.561334,45.945655],[-96.56328,45.935238],[-97.784575,45.935327],[-98.724375,45.938686]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"North Dakota\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5350e9d4e4b05569d8055733","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carswell, William J. Jr. carswell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"William J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"carswell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70095728,"text":"tm7C11 - 2014 - fatalityCMR: capture-recapture software to correct raw counts of wildlife fatalities using trial experiments for carcass detection probability and persistence time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-04T20:03:47.379694","indexId":"tm7C11","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-17T13:44:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"7-C11","title":"fatalityCMR: capture-recapture software to correct raw counts of wildlife fatalities using trial experiments for carcass detection probability and persistence time","docAbstract":"Many industrial and agricultural activities involve wildlife fatalities by collision, poisoning or other involuntary harvest: wind turbines, highway network, utility network, tall structures, pesticides, etc. Impacted wildlife may benefit from official protection, including the requirement to monitor the impact. Carcass counts can often be conducted to quantify the number of fatalities, but they need to be corrected for carcass persistence time (removal by scavengers and decay) and detection probability (searcher efficiency). In this article we introduce a new piece of software that fits a superpopulation capture-recapture model to raw count data. It uses trial data to estimate detection and daily persistence probabilities. A recurrent issue is that fatalities of rare, protected species are infrequent, in which case the software offers the option to switch to an ‘evidence of absence’ mode, i.e., estimate the number of carcasses that may have been missed by field crews. The software allows distinguishing between different turbine types (e.g. different vegetation cover under turbines, or different technical properties), as well between two carcass age-classes or states, with transition between those classes (e.g, fresh and dry). There is a data simulation capacity that may be used at the planning stage to optimize sampling design. Resulting mortality estimates can be used 1) to quantify the required amount of compensation, 2) inform mortality projections for proposed development sites, and 3) inform decisions about management of existing sites.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm7C11","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Peron, G., and Hines, J., 2014, fatalityCMR: capture-recapture software to correct raw counts of wildlife fatalities using trial experiments for carcass detection probability and persistence time: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 7-C11, iv, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm7C11.","productDescription":"iv, 14 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050478","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286402,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm7c11.jpg"},{"id":286400,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/07/c11/"},{"id":286401,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/07/c11/pdf/tm7-c11.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5350e9d5e4b05569d805573b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peron, Guillaume","contributorId":64569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peron","given":"Guillaume","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70094749,"text":"ofr20141037 - 2014 - A geochemical perspective of Red Mountain: an unmined volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit in the Alaska Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-04T09:15:28","indexId":"ofr20141037","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-17T08:14:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1037","title":"A geochemical perspective of Red Mountain: an unmined volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit in the Alaska Range","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has investigated the environmental geochemistry of a group of unmined volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits in the Bonnifield mining district, Alaska Range, east-central Alaska. The spectacularly colored Red Mountain deposit is the best exposed of these and provides excellent baseline geochemical data for natural environmental impacts of acidic rock drainage, metal dissolution and transport, and acidic salt and metal precipitation from an exposed and undisturbed VMS deposit.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141037","usgsCitation":"Giles, S.A., and Eppinger, R.G., 2014, A geochemical perspective of Red Mountain: an unmined volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit in the Alaska Range: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1037, Map: 48 inches x 37.88 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141037.","productDescription":"Map: 48 inches x 37.88 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051525","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286388,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141037.jpg"},{"id":286386,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1037/"},{"id":286387,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1037/pdf/ofr2014-1037.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"NAD 83","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska Range;Red Mountain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -147.466667,63.9 ], [ -147.466667,63.95 ], [ -147.283333,63.95 ], [ -147.283333,63.9 ], [ -147.466667,63.9 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5350e9d2e4b05569d805572b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giles, Stuart A. 0000-0002-8696-5078 sgiles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-5078","contributorId":1233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giles","given":"Stuart","email":"sgiles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eppinger, Robert G. eppinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eppinger","given":"Robert","email":"eppinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70200747,"text":"70200747 - 2014 - Time causal operational estimation of electric fields induced in the Earth's lithosphere during magnetic storms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T15:34:28","indexId":"70200747","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-16T15:34:19","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time causal operational estimation of electric fields induced in the Earth's lithosphere during magnetic storms","docAbstract":"<p><span>In support of projects for monitoring geomagnetic hazards for electric power grids, we develop a simple mathematical formalism, consistent with the time causality of deterministic physics, for estimating electric fields that are induced in the Earth's lithosphere during magnetic storms. For an idealized model of the lithosphere, an infinite half‐space having uniform electrical conductivity properties described by a galvanic tensor, we work in the Laplace‐transformed frequency domain to obtain a transfer function which, when convolved with measured magnetic field time series, gives an estimated electric field time series. Using data collected at the Kakioka, Japan observatory, we optimize lithospheric conductivity parameters by minimizing the discrepancy between model‐estimated electric field variation and that actually measured. With our simple model, we can estimate 87% of the variance in storm time Kakioka electric field data; a more complicated model of lithospheric conductivity would be required to estimate the remaining 13% of the variance. We discuss how our estimation formalism might be implemented for geographically coordinated real‐time monitoring of geoelectric fields.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2014GL059568","usgsCitation":"Love, J.J., and Swidinsky, A., 2014, Time causal operational estimation of electric fields induced in the Earth's lithosphere during magnetic storms: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 41, no. 7, p. 2266-2274, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL059568.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2266","endPage":"2274","ipdsId":"IP-055819","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473047,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014gl059568","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":358985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c10b697e4b034bf6a7ebea0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":750348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swidinsky, Andrei","contributorId":146924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swidinsky","given":"Andrei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":750349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70100253,"text":"ds831 - 2014 - Flow monitoring along the western Tamiami Trail between County Road 92 and State Road 29 in support of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, 2007-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-14T14:59:09","indexId":"ds831","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-14T14:42:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"831","title":"Flow monitoring along the western Tamiami Trail between County Road 92 and State Road 29 in support of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, 2007-2010","docAbstract":"<p>The construction of U.S. Highway 41 (Tamiami Trail), the Southern Golden Gate Estates development, and the Barron River Canal has altered the flow of freshwater to the Ten Thousand Islands estuary of Southwest Florida. Two restoration projects, the Picayune Strand Restoration Project and the Tamiami Trail Culverts Project, both associated with the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, were initiated to address this issue. Quantifying the flow of freshwater to the estuary is essential to assessing the effectiveness of these projects.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a study between March 2006 and September 2010 to quantify the freshwater flowing under theTamiami Trail between County Road 92 and State Road 29 in southwest Florida, excluding the Faka Union Canal (which is monitored by South Florida Water Management District). The study period was after the completion of the Tamiami Trail Culverts Project and prior to most of the construction related to the Picayune Restoration Project. The section of the Tamiami Trail that was studied contains too many structures (35 bridges and 16 culverts) to cost-effectively measure each structure on a continuous basis, so the area was divided into seven subbasins. One bridge within each of the subbasins was instrumented with an acoustic Doppler velocity meter. The index velocity method was used to compute discharge at the seven instrumented bridges. Periodic discharge measurements were made at all structures, using acoustic Doppler current profilers at bridges and acoustic Doppler velocity meters at culverts. Continuous daily mean values of discharge for the uninstrumented structures were calculated on the basis of relations between the measured discharge at the uninstrumented stations and the discharge and stage at the instrumented bridge. Estimates of daily mean discharge are available beginning in 2006 or 2007 through September 2010 for all structures. Subbasin comparison is limited to water years 2008–2010.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The Faka Union Canal contributed more than half (on average 60 percent) of the flow under the Tamiami Trail between State Road 29 and County Road 92 during water years 2008–2010. During water years 2008–2010, an average 9 percent of the flow through the study area came from west of the Faka Union Canal and an average 31 percent came from east of the Faka Union Canal. Flow data provided by this study serve as baseline information about the seasonal and spatial distribution of freshwater flow under the Tamiami Trail between County Road 92 and State Road 29, and study results provide data to evaluate restoration efforts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds831","issn":"2327-638X","collaboration":"Prepared as part of the Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science initiative and in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Booth, A., Soderqvist, L.E., and Berry, M.C., 2014, Flow monitoring along the western Tamiami Trail between County Road 92 and State Road 29 in support of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, 2007-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 831, Report: v, 24 p.; 3 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds831.","productDescription":"Report: v, 24 p.; 3 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-052058","costCenters":[{"id":285,"text":"Florida Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286341,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds831.jpg"},{"id":286337,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0831/pdf/ds831.pdf"},{"id":286338,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0831/appendix/ds831_app1.xlsx"},{"id":286339,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0831/appendix/ds831_app2.xlsx"},{"id":286340,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0831/appendix/ds831_app3.xlsx"},{"id":286336,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0831/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Tamiami Trail","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.906857,25.831031 ], [ -81.906857,26.413366 ], [ -81.449066,26.413366 ], [ -81.449066,25.831031 ], [ -81.906857,25.831031 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351703ce4b05569d805a208","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Booth, Amanda 0000-0002-2666-2366 acbooth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2666-2366","contributorId":5432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"Amanda","email":"acbooth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soderqvist, Lars E.","contributorId":92358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soderqvist","given":"Lars","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berry, Marcia C. mcberry@usgs.gov","contributorId":5521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Marcia","email":"mcberry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":492125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70049062,"text":"fs20133102 - 2014 - Water resources of St. Mary Parish, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-06-12T13:27:38.545991","indexId":"fs20133102","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-14T14:25:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3102","title":"Water resources of St. Mary Parish, Louisiana","docAbstract":"Information concerning the availability, use, and quality of water in St. Mary Parish, Louisiana, is critical for proper water-supply management. The purpose of this fact sheet is to present information that can be used by water managers, parish residents, and others for management of this vital resource. Information on the availability, past and current use, use trends, and water quality from groundwater and surface-water sources in the parish is presented. Previously published reports and data stored in the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Information System (<a href=\"http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis\">http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis</a>) are the primary sources of the information presented here.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133102","issn":"2327-6932","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"Prakken, L., White, V.E., and Lovelace, J.K., 2014, Water resources of St. Mary Parish, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3102, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133102.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051029","costCenters":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286334,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133102.jpg"},{"id":286332,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3102/"},{"id":286333,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3102/pdf/fs2013-3102.pdf"},{"id":505518,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_99891.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","county":"St. Mary Parish","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.0,29.333333 ], [ -92.0,30.0 ], [ -91.0,30.0 ], [ -91.0,29.333333 ], [ -92.0,29.333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351706ee4b05569d805a448","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prakken, Lawrence B.","contributorId":73978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prakken","given":"Lawrence B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Vincent E. 0000-0002-1660-0102 vwhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-0102","contributorId":5388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Vincent","email":"vwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lovelace, John K. 0000-0002-8532-2599 jlovelac@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8532-2599","contributorId":999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovelace","given":"John","email":"jlovelac@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70101780,"text":"70101780 - 2014 - Direct measurement of sub-surface mass change using the variable-baseline gravity gradient method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-19T07:11:44","indexId":"70101780","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-14T13:34:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Direct measurement of sub-surface mass change using the variable-baseline gravity gradient method","docAbstract":"Time-lapse gravity data provide a direct, non-destructive method to monitor mass changes at scales from cm to km. But, the effectively infinite spatial sensitivity of gravity measurements can make it difficult to isolate the signal of interest. The variable-baseline gravity gradient method, based on the difference of measurements between two gravimeters, is an alternative to the conventional approach of individually modeling all sources of mass and elevation change. This approach can improve the signal-to-noise ratio for many applications by removing the contributions of Earth tides, loading, and other signals that have the same effect on both gravimeters. At the same time, this approach can focus the support volume within a relatively small user-defined region of the subsurface. The method is demonstrated using paired superconducting gravimeters to make for the first time a large-scale, non-invasive measurement of infiltration wetting front velocity and change in water content above the wetting front.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014GL059673","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, J., Ferré, T., Guntner, A., Abe, M., and Creutzfeldt, B., 2014, Direct measurement of sub-surface mass change using the variable-baseline gravity gradient method: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 41, no. 8, p. 2827-2834, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL059673.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2827","endPage":"2834","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-055776","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473053,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014gl059673","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":286326,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517034e4b05569d805a1c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, Jeffrey 0000-0002-3365-6589","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3365-6589","contributorId":101124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferré, Ty P.A.","contributorId":35647,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferré","given":"Ty P.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guntner, Andreas","contributorId":19476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntner","given":"Andreas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Abe, Maiko","contributorId":8381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abe","given":"Maiko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Creutzfeldt, Benjamin","contributorId":60128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Creutzfeldt","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70101265,"text":"gip156 - 2014 - Coastal storm monitoring in Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-14T13:19:00","indexId":"gip156","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-14T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":315,"text":"General Information Product","code":"GIP","onlineIssn":"2332-354X","printIssn":"2332-3531","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"156","title":"Coastal storm monitoring in Virginia","docAbstract":"<p>Coastal communities in Virginia are prone to flooding, particularly during hurricanes, nor’easters, and other coastal low-pressure systems. These weather systems affect public safety, personal and public property, and valuable infrastructure, such as transportation, water and sewer, and electric-supply networks.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Local emergency managers, utility operators, and the public are tasked with making difficult decisions regarding evacuations, road closures, and post-storm recovery efforts as a result of coastal flooding. In coastal Virginia these decisions often are made on the basis of anecdotal knowledge from past events or predictions based on data from monitoring sites located far away from the affected area that may not reflect local conditions.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Preventing flood hazards, such as hurricane-induced storm surge, from becoming human disasters requires an understanding of the relative risks that flooding poses to specific communities. The risk to life and property can be very high if decisions about evacuations and road closures are made too late or not at all.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip156","issn":"2332-354X","usgsCitation":"Wicklein, S., and Bennett, M., 2014, Coastal storm monitoring in Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 156, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/gip156.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051451","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286321,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/gip156.jpg"},{"id":286319,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0156/"},{"id":286320,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/0156/pdf/gip156.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.5231,36.5408 ], [ -77.5231,39.466 ], [ -75.2422,39.466 ], [ -75.2422,36.5408 ], [ -77.5231,36.5408 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351702ee4b05569d805a19c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wicklein, Shaun 0000-0003-4551-1237 smwickle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4551-1237","contributorId":3389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicklein","given":"Shaun","email":"smwickle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37280,"text":"Virginia and West Virginia Water Science Center ","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, Mark mrbennet@usgs.gov","contributorId":2147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Mark","email":"mrbennet@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70101772,"text":"70101772 - 2014 - Trends in precipitation, runoff, and evapotranspiration for rivers draining to the Gulf of Maine in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-06T08:32:09","indexId":"70101772","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-14T12:33:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends in precipitation, runoff, and evapotranspiration for rivers draining to the Gulf of Maine in the United States","docAbstract":"Climate warming is projected to result in increases in total annual precipitation in northeastern North America. The response of runoff to increases in precipitation is likely to be more complex because increasing evapotranspiration (ET) could counteract increasing precipitation. This study was conducted to examine these competing trends in the historical record for 22 rivers having >70 yr of runoff data. Annual (water year) average precipitation increased in all basins, with increases ranging from 0.9 to 3.12 mm yr<sup>−1</sup>. Runoff increased in all basins with increases ranging from 0.67 to 2.58 mm yr<sup>−1</sup>. The ET was calculated by using a water balance approach in which changes in terrestrial water storage were considered negligible. ET increased in 16 basins and decreased in 6 basins. Temporal trends in temperature, precipitation, runoff, and ET were also calculated for each basin over their respective periods of record for runoff and for the consistent period (1927–2011) for the area-weighted average of the nine largest non-nested basins. From 1927 through 2011, precipitation and runoff increased at average rates of 1.6 and 1.7 mm yr<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, and ET increased slightly at a rate of 0.18 mm yr<sup>−1</sup>. For the more recent period (1970–2011), there was a positive trend in ET of 1.9 mm yr<sup>−1</sup>. The lack of a more consistent increase in ET, compared with the increases in precipitation and runoff, for the full periods of record, was unexpected, but may be explained by various factors including decreasing wind speed, increasing cloudiness, decreasing vapor pressure deficit, and patterns of forest growth.","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JHM-D-13-018.1","usgsCitation":"Huntington, T.G., and Billmire, M., 2014, Trends in precipitation, runoff, and evapotranspiration for rivers draining to the Gulf of Maine in the United States: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 15, no. 2, p. 726-743, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-13-018.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"726","endPage":"743","ipdsId":"IP-045940","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473054,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-13-018.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":286313,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.5124,42.9561 ], [ -72.5124,47.4598 ], [ -66.9251,47.4598 ], [ -66.9251,42.9561 ], [ -72.5124,42.9561 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351706be4b05569d805a41f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huntington, Thomas G. 0000-0002-9427-3530 thunting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":1884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Thomas","email":"thunting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Billmire, M.","contributorId":61339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Billmire","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70098431,"text":"ofr20141059 - 2014 - Spatial and stratigraphic distribution of water in oil shale of the Green River Formation using Fischer Assay, Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-14T11:29:07","indexId":"ofr20141059","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-14T11:22:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1059","title":"Spatial and stratigraphic distribution of water in oil shale of the Green River Formation using Fischer Assay, Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado","docAbstract":"The spatial and stratigraphic distribution of water in oil shale of the Eocene Green River Formation in the Piceance Basin of northwestern Colorado was studied in detail using some 321,000 Fischer assay analyses in the U.S. Geological Survey oil-shale database. The oil-shale section was subdivided into 17 roughly time-stratigraphic intervals, and the distribution of water in each interval was assessed separately. This study was conducted in part to determine whether water produced during retorting of oil shale could provide a significant amount of the water needed for an oil-shale industry. Recent estimates of water requirements vary from 1 to 10 barrels of water per barrel of oil produced, depending on the type of retort process used. Sources of water in Green River oil shale include (1) free water within clay minerals; (2) water from the hydrated minerals nahcolite (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>), dawsonite (NaAl(OH)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>), and analcime (NaAlSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>.H<sub>2</sub>0); and (3) minor water produced from the breakdown of organic matter in oil shale during retorting. The amounts represented by each of these sources vary both stratigraphically and areally within the basin. Clay is the most important source of water in the lower part of the oil-shale interval and in many basin-margin areas. Nahcolite and dawsonite are the dominant sources of water in the oil-shale and saline-mineral depocenter, and analcime is important in the upper part of the formation. Organic matter does not appear to be a major source of water. The ratio of water to oil generated with retorting is significantly less than 1:1 for most areas of the basin and for most stratigraphic intervals; thus water within oil shale can provide only a fraction of the water needed for an oil-shale industry.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141059","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.C., Mercier, T.J., and Brownfield, M.E., 2014, Spatial and stratigraphic distribution of water in oil shale of the Green River Formation using Fischer Assay, Piceance Basin, northwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1059, iv, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141059.","productDescription":"iv, 57 p.","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050922","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286311,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141059.jpg"},{"id":286310,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1059/pdf/ofr2014-1059.pdf"},{"id":286309,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1059/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Green River;Piceance Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.0,39.0 ], [ -112.0,43.0 ], [ -107.0,43.0 ], [ -107.0,39.0 ], [ -112.0,39.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517064e4b05569d805a3c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Ronald C. 0000-0002-6197-5165 rcjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-5165","contributorId":1550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Ronald","email":"rcjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mercier, Tracey J. 0000-0002-8232-525X tmercier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-525X","contributorId":2847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercier","given":"Tracey","email":"tmercier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brownfield, Michael E. 0000-0003-3633-1138 mbrownfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-1138","contributorId":1548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brownfield","given":"Michael","email":"mbrownfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70094373,"text":"fs20143011 - 2014 - Characterization of stormwater at selected South Carolina Department of Transportation maintenance yards and section shed facilities in Ballentine, Conway, and North Charleston, South Carolina, 2010-12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-07T11:41:04","indexId":"fs20143011","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-11T14:16:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3011","title":"Characterization of stormwater at selected South Carolina Department of Transportation maintenance yards and section shed facilities in Ballentine, Conway, and North Charleston, South Carolina, 2010-12","docAbstract":"<p>Increased impervious surfaces (driveways, parking lots, and buildings) and human activities (residential, industrial, and commercial) have been linked to substantial changes in both the quality and quantity of stormwater on a watershed scale (Brabec and others, 2002; Pitt and Maestre, 2005). Small-scale storage and equipment repair facilities increase impervious surfaces that prevent infiltration of stormwater, and these facilities accommodate activities that can introduce trace metals, organic compounds, and other contaminants to the facility’s grounds. Thus, these small facilities may contribute pollutants to the environment during storm events (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1992).</p>\n\n<br>\n\n<p>The South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) operates section shed and maintenance yard facilities throughout the State. Prior to this investigation, the SCDOT had no data to define the quality of stormwater leaving these facilities. To provide these data, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the SCDOT, conducted an investigation to identify and quantify constituents that are transported in stormwater from two maintenance yards and a section shed in three different areas of South Carolina. The two maintenance yards, in North Charleston and Conway, S.C., were selected because they represent facilities where equipment and road maintenance materials are stored and complete equipment repair operations are conducted. The section shed, in Ballentine, S.C., was selected because it is a facility that stores equipment and road maintenance material. Characterization of the constituents that were transported in stormwater from these representative SCDOT maintenance facilities may be used by the SCDOT in the development of stormwater management plans for similar section shed and maintenance yard facilities throughout the State to improve stormwater quality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143011","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Carolina Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Journey, C.A., and Conlon, K.J., 2014, Characterization of stormwater at selected South Carolina Department of Transportation maintenance yards and section shed facilities in Ballentine, Conway, and North Charleston, South Carolina, 2010-12: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3011, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143011.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052435","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143011.jpg"},{"id":286301,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3011/pdf/fs2014-3011.pdf"},{"id":286300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3011/"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, zone 17","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-79.290754,33.110051],[-79.329909,33.089986],[-79.337169,33.072302],[-79.335346,33.065362],[-79.339313,33.050336],[-79.359961,33.006672],[-79.403712,33.003903],[-79.416515,33.006815],[-79.423447,33.015085],[-79.483499,33.001265],[-79.488727,33.015832],[-79.506923,33.032813],[-79.522449,33.03535],[-79.55756,33.021269],[-79.580725,33.006447],[-79.58659,32.991334],[-79.606615,32.972248],[-79.617611,32.952726],[-79.617715,32.94487],[-79.606194,32.925953],[-79.585897,32.926461],[-79.581687,32.931341],[-79.572614,32.933885],[-79.569762,32.926692],[-79.576006,32.906235],[-79.631149,32.888606],[-79.695141,32.850398],[-79.702956,32.835781],[-79.719879,32.825796],[-79.716761,32.813627],[-79.726389,32.805996],[-79.811021,32.77696],[-79.818237,32.766352],[-79.84035,32.756816],[-79.848527,32.755248],[-79.866742,32.757422],[-79.872232,32.752128],[-79.873605,32.745657],[-79.868352,32.734849],[-79.870336,32.727777],[-79.888028,32.695177],[-79.884961,32.684402],[-79.915682,32.664915],[-79.968468,32.639732],[-79.975248,32.639537],[-79.986917,32.626388],[-79.99175,32.616389],[-79.999374,32.611851],[-80.010505,32.608852],[-80.037276,32.610236],[-80.077039,32.603319],[-80.121368,32.590523],[-80.148406,32.578479],[-80.167286,32.559885],[-80.171764,32.546118],[-80.188401,32.553604],[-80.20523,32.555547],[-80.246361,32.531114],[-80.277681,32.516161],[-80.332438,32.478104],[-80.338354,32.47873],[-80.343883,32.490795],[-80.363956,32.496098],[-80.380716,32.486359],[-80.386827,32.47881],[-80.392561,32.475332],[-80.413487,32.470672],[-80.417896,32.476076],[-80.418502,32.490894],[-80.423454,32.497989],[-80.439407,32.503472],[-80.452078,32.497286],[-80.46571,32.4953],[-80.472068,32.496964],[-80.48025,32.477407],[-80.484617,32.460976],[-80.480156,32.447048],[-80.467588,32.425259],[-80.446075,32.423721],[-80.43296,32.410659],[-80.429941,32.401782],[-80.429291,32.389667],[-80.434303,32.375193],[-80.445451,32.350335],[-80.456814,32.336884],[-80.455192,32.326458],[-80.466342,32.31917],[-80.517871,32.298796],[-80.545688,32.282076],[-80.571096,32.273278],[-80.596394,32.273549],[-80.618286,32.260183],[-80.638857,32.255618],[-80.658634,32.248638],[-80.669166,32.216783],[-80.688857,32.200971],[-80.721463,32.160427],[-80.749091,32.140137],[-80.789996,32.122494],[-80.812503,32.109746],[-80.82153,32.108589],[-80.828394,32.113222],[-80.831531,32.112709],[-80.844431,32.109709],[-80.858735,32.099581],[-80.905378,32.051943],[-80.892344,32.043764],[-80.885517,32.0346],[-80.922794,32.039151],[-80.954482,32.068622],[-80.983133,32.079609],[-80.994333,32.094608],[-81.002297,32.100048],[-81.011961,32.100176],[-81.021622,32.090897],[-81.032674,32.08545],[-81.050234,32.085308],[-81.060442,32.087503],[-81.088234,32.10395],[-81.091498,32.110782],[-81.111134,32.112005],[-81.117234,32.117605],[-81.119994,32.134268],[-81.118334,32.144403],[-81.122034,32.161803],[-81.129634,32.165602],[-81.128134,32.169102],[-81.119434,32.175402],[-81.120434,32.178702],[-81.118234,32.189201],[-81.12315,32.201329],[-81.128283,32.208634],[-81.136012,32.212858],[-81.143139,32.221731],[-81.156587,32.24391],[-81.148334,32.255098],[-81.145834,32.263397],[-81.136534,32.272697],[-81.128034,32.276297],[-81.119633,32.287596],[-81.122333,32.305395],[-81.137633,32.328194],[-81.133032,32.334794],[-81.133632,32.341293],[-81.142532,32.350893],[-81.147632,32.349393],[-81.150589,32.34587],[-81.154,32.345924],[-81.155032,32.350093],[-81.170126,32.361318],[-81.169332,32.369436],[-81.181072,32.380398],[-81.178131,32.38459],[-81.177231,32.39169],[-81.20513,32.423788],[-81.20843,32.435987],[-81.201595,32.44136],[-81.202359,32.450448],[-81.192629,32.456286],[-81.186829,32.464086],[-81.194829,32.465086],[-81.200029,32.467985],[-81.233585,32.498488],[-81.238728,32.508896],[-81.234834,32.512271],[-81.23466,32.51627],[-81.252882,32.51833],[-81.277131,32.535417],[-81.274927,32.544158],[-81.281298,32.55644],[-81.297955,32.563026],[-81.320588,32.559534],[-81.328753,32.561228],[-81.366964,32.577059],[-81.369757,32.591231],[-81.373178,32.592115],[-81.379216,32.589022],[-81.389261,32.595383],[-81.393865,32.60234],[-81.411906,32.61841],[-81.41866,32.629392],[-81.418431,32.634704],[-81.414761,32.63744],[-81.41026,32.631392],[-81.407271,32.631737],[-81.402846,32.63621],[-81.405109,32.64269],[-81.393033,32.651543],[-81.398314,32.656307],[-81.405273,32.656517],[-81.407193,32.660519],[-81.401029,32.677494],[-81.40831,32.694908],[-81.4131,32.692648],[-81.427517,32.701896],[-81.421194,32.711978],[-81.418542,32.732586],[-81.411549,32.740145],[-81.410281,32.744653],[-81.416198,32.750428],[-81.415212,32.757753],[-81.417606,32.762684],[-81.426481,32.769023],[-81.425636,32.77184],[-81.421269,32.774658],[-81.421128,32.778039],[-81.428313,32.78311],[-81.429017,32.785505],[-81.424999,32.790334],[-81.423772,32.810514],[-81.419752,32.813731],[-81.417984,32.818196],[-81.421614,32.835178],[-81.426475,32.840773],[-81.444866,32.850967],[-81.451199,32.847925],[-81.453949,32.849761],[-81.455978,32.854107],[-81.451351,32.868583],[-81.45392,32.874074],[-81.475918,32.877641],[-81.479445,32.881082],[-81.4771,32.887469],[-81.464069,32.897814],[-81.479184,32.905638],[-81.483198,32.921802],[-81.502427,32.935353],[-81.502716,32.938688],[-81.499446,32.944988],[-81.507045,32.951194],[-81.508536,32.957156],[-81.506449,32.962423],[-81.49983,32.963816],[-81.494736,32.978998],[-81.491197,32.997824],[-81.492253,33.009342],[-81.50203,33.015113],[-81.511245,33.027786],[-81.519632,33.029181],[-81.538789,33.039185],[-81.544258,33.046905],[-81.553643,33.044137],[-81.557013,33.0451],[-81.559179,33.047386],[-81.560502,33.055207],[-81.57288,33.05418],[-81.588539,33.07085],[-81.594555,33.069887],[-81.599248,33.071813],[-81.600211,33.075182],[-81.598165,33.081078],[-81.601655,33.084688],[-81.608995,33.0818],[-81.609476,33.089862],[-81.612725,33.093953],[-81.617779,33.095277],[-81.637232,33.092952],[-81.646433,33.094552],[-81.658433,33.103152],[-81.683533,33.112651],[-81.696934,33.116551],[-81.704634,33.116451],[-81.743835,33.14145],[-81.763135,33.159449],[-81.766735,33.170749],[-81.772435,33.180449],[-81.765735,33.187948],[-81.760635,33.189248],[-81.756935,33.197848],[-81.763535,33.203648],[-81.768935,33.217447],[-81.774035,33.221147],[-81.780135,33.221147],[-81.777535,33.211347],[-81.784535,33.208147],[-81.805236,33.211447],[-81.807936,33.213747],[-81.809636,33.222647],[-81.827936,33.228746],[-81.837016,33.237652],[-81.846536,33.241746],[-81.851979,33.247382],[-81.853137,33.250745],[-81.847336,33.266345],[-81.840078,33.26704],[-81.838257,33.272975],[-81.844036,33.278644],[-81.851836,33.283544],[-81.861336,33.286244],[-81.863236,33.288844],[-81.861536,33.297944],[-81.849636,33.299544],[-81.846136,33.303843],[-81.847296,33.306783],[-81.867936,33.314043],[-81.875836,33.307443],[-81.884137,33.310443],[-81.886637,33.316943],[-81.897329,33.322331],[-81.896937,33.327642],[-81.900301,33.331117],[-81.906444,33.324181],[-81.909285,33.324181],[-81.919137,33.334442],[-81.917973,33.34159],[-81.924737,33.345341],[-81.932737,33.343541],[-81.939737,33.344941],[-81.934837,33.356041],[-81.944737,33.364041],[-81.946337,33.37064],[-81.939637,33.37254],[-81.930634,33.368165],[-81.925737,33.37114],[-81.924837,33.37414],[-81.930861,33.380076],[-81.936961,33.404197],[-81.92306,33.408266],[-81.920121,33.410753],[-81.91933,33.415613],[-81.924893,33.419307],[-81.927241,33.422846],[-81.926789,33.426576],[-81.924981,33.429288],[-81.916236,33.433114],[-81.913356,33.437418],[-81.913532,33.441274],[-81.926336,33.462937],[-81.934136,33.468337],[-81.985938,33.486536],[-81.990938,33.494235],[-81.991938,33.504435],[-82.001338,33.520135],[-82.007138,33.522835],[-82.011538,33.531735],[-82.019838,33.535035],[-82.028238,33.544934],[-82.033023,33.546454],[-82.037375,33.554662],[-82.046335,33.56383],[-82.057727,33.566774],[-82.073104,33.57751],[-82.094128,33.582742],[-82.10624,33.595637],[-82.115328,33.596501],[-82.12908,33.589925],[-82.142872,33.594278],[-82.148816,33.598092],[-82.156288,33.60863],[-82.174351,33.613117],[-82.186154,33.62088],[-82.196583,33.630582],[-82.201186,33.646898],[-82.200718,33.66464],[-82.208411,33.669872],[-82.216868,33.6844],[-82.234576,33.700216],[-82.237192,33.70788],[-82.235753,33.71439],[-82.239098,33.730872],[-82.247472,33.752591],[-82.255267,33.75969],[-82.263206,33.761962],[-82.266127,33.766745],[-82.277681,33.772032],[-82.285804,33.780058],[-82.298286,33.783518],[-82.300213,33.800627],[-82.313339,33.809205],[-82.32448,33.820033],[-82.346933,33.834298],[-82.371775,33.843813],[-82.37975,33.851086],[-82.395736,33.859089],[-82.403881,33.865477],[-82.422803,33.863754],[-82.43115,33.867051],[-82.440503,33.875123],[-82.455105,33.88165],[-82.480111,33.901897],[-82.492929,33.909754],[-82.50764,33.931456],[-82.51295,33.936969],[-82.524515,33.94336],[-82.534111,33.943651],[-82.543128,33.940949],[-82.556835,33.945353],[-82.564531,33.955741],[-82.568288,33.968772],[-82.579576,33.979761],[-82.580571,33.98514],[-82.575351,33.990904],[-82.576222,33.993106],[-82.583394,33.995286],[-82.589245,34.000118],[-82.595655,34.016118],[-82.594555,34.028717],[-82.609655,34.039917],[-82.626963,34.063457],[-82.630972,34.065528],[-82.635991,34.064941],[-82.64398,34.072237],[-82.645661,34.076046],[-82.640345,34.086304],[-82.641553,34.092212],[-82.648184,34.098649],[-82.658561,34.103118],[-82.666879,34.113591],[-82.668113,34.12016],[-82.67732,34.131657],[-82.68629,34.134454],[-82.692152,34.138986],[-82.70414,34.141007],[-82.717507,34.150504],[-82.723312,34.165895],[-82.731881,34.178363],[-82.732761,34.195338],[-82.74192,34.210063],[-82.740447,34.219679],[-82.744415,34.224913],[-82.74198,34.230196],[-82.744834,34.242957],[-82.744056,34.252407],[-82.748756,34.263407],[-82.746656,34.266407],[-82.755028,34.276067],[-82.770928,34.285402],[-82.780308,34.296701],[-82.781752,34.302901],[-82.78684,34.310381],[-82.794054,34.339772],[-82.835004,34.366069],[-82.836611,34.382676],[-82.841524,34.39013],[-82.841326,34.397332],[-82.847446,34.412049],[-82.848651,34.423844],[-82.854434,34.432275],[-82.855762,34.443977],[-82.860874,34.451469],[-82.860707,34.457428],[-82.875463,34.463503],[-82.876464,34.465803],[-82.873831,34.471508],[-82.876864,34.475303],[-82.902665,34.485902],[-82.922866,34.481402],[-82.928466,34.484202],[-82.940867,34.486102],[-82.947367,34.479602],[-82.954667,34.477302],[-82.960668,34.482002],[-82.979568,34.482702],[-82.992215,34.479198],[-82.995279,34.475648],[-82.99509,34.472483],[-83.002924,34.472132],[-83.029315,34.484147],[-83.034712,34.483495],[-83.043771,34.488816],[-83.054463,34.50289],[-83.069451,34.502131],[-83.087189,34.515939],[-83.077995,34.523746],[-83.087789,34.532078],[-83.102179,34.532179],[-83.103987,34.540166],[-83.122901,34.560129],[-83.129676,34.561699],[-83.152577,34.578299],[-83.154577,34.588198],[-83.170278,34.592398],[-83.169994,34.605444],[-83.179439,34.60802],[-83.196979,34.605998],[-83.199779,34.608398],[-83.211598,34.610905],[-83.23178,34.611297],[-83.243381,34.617997],[-83.240676,34.624307],[-83.255281,34.637696],[-83.271982,34.641896],[-83.292883,34.654196],[-83.300848,34.66247],[-83.301477,34.666582],[-83.304641,34.669561],[-83.316401,34.669316],[-83.321463,34.677543],[-83.330284,34.681342],[-83.336207,34.680534],[-83.33869,34.682002],[-83.340383,34.688998],[-83.349975,34.699155],[-83.347718,34.705474],[-83.352485,34.715993],[-83.353238,34.728648],[-83.348829,34.737194],[-83.338666,34.742295],[-83.320062,34.759616],[-83.319945,34.773725],[-83.323866,34.789712],[-83.313782,34.799911],[-83.301182,34.804008],[-83.302395,34.813241],[-83.294292,34.814725],[-83.289914,34.824477],[-83.275656,34.816862],[-83.268159,34.821393],[-83.267293,34.832748],[-83.269982,34.837196],[-83.267656,34.845289],[-83.254605,34.846402],[-83.252582,34.853483],[-83.24722,34.85844],[-83.245602,34.865522],[-83.240847,34.866736],[-83.238419,34.869771],[-83.239081,34.875661],[-83.22924,34.879907],[-83.220099,34.878124],[-83.213323,34.882796],[-83.205627,34.880142],[-83.201183,34.884653],[-83.204572,34.890284],[-83.203351,34.893717],[-83.186541,34.899534],[-83.168524,34.91788],[-83.160937,34.918269],[-83.153253,34.926342],[-83.140621,34.924915],[-83.130554,34.930932],[-83.129493,34.937402],[-83.121112,34.939129],[-83.121214,34.942684],[-83.126761,34.948742],[-83.127035,34.953778],[-83.12114,34.958966],[-83.120387,34.968406],[-83.106991,34.98272],[-83.1046,34.992783],[-83.108535,35.000771],[-82.787867,35.085024],[-82.783283,35.0856],[-82.776357,35.081349],[-82.781973,35.066817],[-82.777376,35.064143],[-82.764464,35.068177],[-82.757704,35.068019],[-82.754162,35.069629],[-82.749491,35.078487],[-82.738379,35.079453],[-82.729683,35.087827],[-82.72701,35.094142],[-82.715297,35.092943],[-82.703916,35.097651],[-82.694898,35.098456],[-82.688456,35.106347],[-82.691194,35.114721],[-82.68604,35.124545],[-82.683625,35.125833],[-82.676861,35.12535],[-82.669614,35.118103],[-82.662381,35.118123],[-82.642237,35.129215],[-82.629031,35.126155],[-82.621185,35.134635],[-82.609706,35.139039],[-82.59814,35.137729],[-82.59243,35.139002],[-82.588158,35.142928],[-82.578316,35.142104],[-82.569912,35.145268],[-82.563767,35.151575],[-82.556168,35.151736],[-82.554227,35.156911],[-82.550508,35.159498],[-82.540483,35.160306],[-82.529973,35.155617],[-82.521403,35.158851],[-82.516044,35.163442],[-82.495506,35.164312],[-82.483937,35.173798],[-82.476136,35.175486],[-82.467991,35.174633],[-82.460092,35.178143],[-82.455609,35.177425],[-82.452987,35.17469],[-82.451201,35.16526],[-82.439595,35.165863],[-82.435689,35.167715],[-82.424461,35.193092],[-82.419744,35.198613],[-82.403348,35.204473],[-82.39293,35.215402],[-82.384029,35.210542],[-82.378744,35.198053],[-82.380903,35.189565],[-82.376808,35.184427],[-82.371298,35.181449],[-82.364299,35.184725],[-82.361469,35.190831],[-82.344554,35.193115],[-82.340133,35.189188],[-82.333934,35.190661],[-82.330779,35.189032],[-82.330549,35.186767],[-82.32335,35.184789],[-82.315871,35.190678],[-82.295354,35.194965],[-82.288453,35.198605],[-82.27492,35.200071],[-82.176874,35.19379],[-81.716259,35.178852],[-81.241686,35.160081],[-81.043625,35.149877],[-81.047826,35.143743],[-81.051037,35.131654],[-81.038968,35.126299],[-81.033005,35.113747],[-81.032806,35.108049],[-81.037369,35.102541],[-81.046524,35.100617],[-81.052078,35.096276],[-81.057236,35.086129],[-81.058029,35.07319],[-81.057648,35.062433],[-81.041489,35.044703],[-80.93495,35.107409],[-80.884887,35.05351],[-80.782042,34.935782],[-80.797543,34.819786],[-80.499788,34.817261],[-79.870693,34.805378],[-79.675299,34.804744],[-79.358317,34.545358],[-79.249763,34.449774],[-78.541087,33.851112],[-78.553944,33.847831],[-78.584841,33.844282],[-78.67226,33.817587],[-78.714116,33.800138],[-78.772737,33.768511],[-78.812931,33.743472],[-78.862931,33.705654],[-78.938076,33.639826],[-79.007356,33.566565],[-79.028516,33.533365],[-79.084588,33.483669],[-79.10136,33.461016],[-79.135441,33.403867],[-79.147496,33.378243],[-79.152035,33.350925],[-79.158429,33.332811],[-79.162332,33.327246],[-79.180318,33.254141],[-79.180563,33.237955],[-79.172394,33.206577],[-79.18787,33.173712],[-79.195631,33.166016],[-79.215453,33.155569],[-79.238262,33.137055],[-79.24609,33.124865],[-79.290754,33.110051]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"South Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351702ce4b05569d805a192","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851 cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":490593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conlon, Kevin J. 0000-0003-0798-368X kjconlon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-368X","contributorId":2561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conlon","given":"Kevin","email":"kjconlon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":490592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70098182,"text":"ofr20141058 - 2014 - Hydrogeology of the Old Faithful area, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and its relevance to natural resources and infrastructure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-13T09:04:51","indexId":"ofr20141058","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-11T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1058","title":"Hydrogeology of the Old Faithful area, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and its relevance to natural resources and infrastructure","docAbstract":"<p>A panel of leading experts (The Old Faithful Science Review Panel) was convened by Yellowstone National Park (YNP) to review and summarize the geological and hydrological understanding that can inform National Park Service management of the Upper Geyser Basin area. We give an overview of present geological and hydrological knowledge of the Old Faithful hydrothermal (hot water) system and related thermal areas in the Upper Geyser Basin. We prioritize avenues for improving our understanding of key knowledge gaps that limit informed decision-making regarding human use in this fragile natural landscape. Lastly, we offer guidelines to minimize impacts to the hydrothermal system that could be used to aid decisions by park management.</p>\n<p>Old Faithful sits within the Upper Geyser Basin, an area of abundant hydrothermal activity where boiling waters extend from the surface to significant depth within glacial sediments and underlying volcanic rocks. The geyser systems are directly fed by waters recharged decades to millennia ago, which are surrounded by colder, younger waters. Activity of the geysers is controlled by complex subsurface plumbing with fractures and conduits separated by regions of low permeability. Observations over the past century indicate that the thermal areas and their features are both fragile and highly dynamic. Although Old Faithful has erupted regularly for the past 150 years, it exhibits changes in eruptive behavior over time, and the average interval between eruptions has increased by about 50 percent over the past 50 years. It is clear that human activity has modified the hydrothermal system in the past; conversely, natural features pose ongoing hazards to humans and human infrastructure.</p>\n<p>Current (2014) long-term programs to measure heat discharge by chloride-flux monitoring, and more recently by thermal-infrared imaging, are crucial for assessing the status of the hydrothermal system. Complementary studies could include airborne resistivity, environmental tracers, numerical modeling, and greater emphasis on measuring the discharge of water during geyser eruptions. Such data are needed to better understand the subsurface plumbing systems that feed the geysers. Further understanding can be gained through installation of shallow groundwater observation wells, surface geophysical studies, and direct measurement of temperature gradients near the surface. It also is critical to archive existing data from all studies in a manner that will be readily accessible to scientists and decision makers. Monitoring and data collection can be achieved through the YNP geology program, by direct funding to other groups, or by encouraging and facilitating externally funded research.</p>\n<p>There are many documented examples at YNP and elsewhere where human infrastructure and natural thermal features have negatively affected each other. Unless action is taken, human conflicts with the Old Faithful hydrothermal system are likely to increase over the coming years. This is partly because of the increase in park visitation over the past decades, but also because the interval between eruptions of Old Faithful has increased, lengthening the time spent (and services needed) for each visitor at Old Faithful. To avoid an increase in visitor impacts, the National Park Service should consider 2 alternate strategies to accommodate people, vehicles, and services in the Upper Geyser Basin, such as shuttle services from staging (parking and dining) areas with little or no recent hydrothermal activity. We further suggest that YNP consider a zone system to guide maintenance and development of infrastructure in the immediate Old Faithful area. A &ldquo;red&rdquo; zone includes hydrothermally active land where new development is discouraged and existing infrastructure is modified with great care. An outer &ldquo;green&rdquo; zone represents areas where cooler temperatures and less hydrothermal flow are thought to exist, and where development and maintenance could proceed as occurs elsewhere in the park. An intermediate &ldquo;yellow&rdquo; zone would require preliminary assessment of subsurface temperatures and gas concentrations to assess suitability for infrastructure development. The panel recommends that YNP management follow the lead of the National Park System Advisory Board Science Committee (2012) by applying the &ldquo;precautionary principle&rdquo; when making decisions regarding the interaction of hydrothermal phenomena and park infrastructure in the Old Faithful area and other thermal areas within YNP.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141058","issn":"2331-1258","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service and the Yellowstone Park Foundation","usgsCitation":"Old Faithful Science Review Panel, Foley, D., Fournier, R.O., Heasler, H.P., Hinckley, B., Ingebritsen, S.E., Lowenstern, J.B., and Susong, D.D., 2014, Hydrogeology of the Old Faithful area, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and its relevance to natural resources and infrastructure: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1058, vi, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141058.","productDescription":"vi, 28 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051536","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286288,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141058.jpg"},{"id":286286,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1058/"},{"id":286287,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1058/pdf/ofr2014-1058.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Old Faithful, Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.875,44.45 ], [ -110.875,44.483333 ], [ -110.816667,44.483333 ], [ -110.816667,44.45 ], [ -110.875,44.45 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517047e4b05569d805a260","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Old Faithful Science Review Panel","contributorId":128280,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Old Faithful Science Review Panel","id":535635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foley, Duncan","contributorId":52076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Duncan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fournier, Robert O.","contributorId":73202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournier","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491684,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heasler, Henry P.","contributorId":65935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heasler","given":"Henry","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hinckley, Bern","contributorId":52485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinckley","given":"Bern","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ingebritsen, Steven E. 0000-0001-6917-9369 seingebr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-9369","contributorId":818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"Steven","email":"seingebr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lowenstern, Jacob B. 0000-0003-0464-7779 jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-7779","contributorId":2755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"Jacob","email":"jlwnstrn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Susong, David D. ddsusong@usgs.gov","contributorId":1040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Susong","given":"David","email":"ddsusong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70101051,"text":"fs20143028 - 2014 - Extreme drought-summary of hydrologic conditions in Georgia, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-07T11:47:17","indexId":"fs20143028","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-11T10:28:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3028","title":"Extreme drought-summary of hydrologic conditions in Georgia, 2012","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Georgia Water Science Center (GaWSC) maintains a long-term hydrologic monitoring network of more than 330 real-time streamgages, including 10 real-time lake-level monitoring stations, 63 real-time water-quality monitors, and 48 water-quality sampling stations. Additionally, the GaWSC operates more than 180 groundwater monitoring wells, 42 of which are real-time. One of the many benefits from this monitoring network is that the data analyses provide a well distributed overview of the hydrologic conditions of creeks, rivers, reservoirs, and aquifers in Georgia.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143028","usgsCitation":"Knaak, A.E., and Peck, M., 2014, Extreme drought-summary of hydrologic conditions in Georgia, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3028, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143028.","productDescription":"5 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049741","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286285,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143028.jpg"},{"id":286260,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov//fs/2014/3028/"},{"id":286261,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov//fs/2014/3028/pdf/fs2014-3028.pdf"}],"scale":"2000000","country":"United States","state":"Georgia","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-84.810477,34.987607],[-83.619985,34.986592],[-83.620185,34.992091],[-83.108714,35.000768],[-83.1046,34.992783],[-83.106991,34.98272],[-83.120387,34.968406],[-83.12114,34.958966],[-83.127035,34.953778],[-83.120502,34.941262],[-83.122585,34.938062],[-83.12807,34.938113],[-83.140621,34.924915],[-83.153253,34.926342],[-83.160937,34.918269],[-83.168524,34.91788],[-83.186541,34.899534],[-83.203351,34.893717],[-83.201183,34.884653],[-83.205627,34.880142],[-83.213323,34.882796],[-83.220099,34.878124],[-83.23751,34.877057],[-83.238419,34.869771],[-83.245602,34.865522],[-83.255718,34.845592],[-83.267656,34.845289],[-83.268159,34.821393],[-83.275656,34.816862],[-83.289914,34.824477],[-83.294292,34.814725],[-83.301368,34.814154],[-83.301182,34.804008],[-83.313782,34.799911],[-83.323866,34.789712],[-83.320062,34.759616],[-83.348829,34.737194],[-83.353238,34.728648],[-83.349411,34.697575],[-83.339029,34.683807],[-83.321463,34.677543],[-83.316401,34.669316],[-83.304641,34.669561],[-83.292883,34.654196],[-83.27796,34.644853],[-83.255281,34.637696],[-83.240669,34.624507],[-83.243381,34.617997],[-83.23178,34.611297],[-83.169994,34.605444],[-83.170278,34.592398],[-83.154577,34.588198],[-83.152577,34.578299],[-83.122901,34.560129],[-83.103987,34.540166],[-83.103176,34.533406],[-83.084855,34.530967],[-83.078113,34.524837],[-83.086861,34.517798],[-83.069451,34.502131],[-83.054463,34.50289],[-83.034712,34.483495],[-83.002924,34.472132],[-82.99509,34.472483],[-82.992671,34.479072],[-82.979568,34.482702],[-82.960668,34.482002],[-82.954667,34.477302],[-82.940867,34.486102],[-82.922866,34.481402],[-82.902665,34.485902],[-82.876864,34.475303],[-82.873831,34.471508],[-82.876464,34.465803],[-82.862156,34.458748],[-82.855762,34.443977],[-82.835004,34.366069],[-82.795223,34.34096],[-82.780308,34.296701],[-82.746656,34.266407],[-82.74192,34.210063],[-82.732761,34.195338],[-82.730824,34.175906],[-82.717507,34.150504],[-82.70414,34.141007],[-82.67732,34.131657],[-82.659077,34.103544],[-82.641553,34.092212],[-82.64398,34.072237],[-82.635991,34.064941],[-82.626963,34.063457],[-82.609655,34.039917],[-82.596155,34.030517],[-82.589245,34.000118],[-82.57554,33.992049],[-82.579576,33.979761],[-82.569864,33.970684],[-82.556835,33.945353],[-82.543128,33.940949],[-82.526741,33.943765],[-82.51295,33.936969],[-82.492929,33.909754],[-82.455105,33.88165],[-82.422803,33.863754],[-82.403881,33.865477],[-82.371775,33.843813],[-82.32448,33.820033],[-82.300213,33.800627],[-82.298286,33.783518],[-82.285804,33.780058],[-82.247472,33.752591],[-82.239098,33.730872],[-82.234576,33.700216],[-82.200718,33.66464],[-82.196583,33.630582],[-82.186154,33.62088],[-82.174351,33.613117],[-82.158331,33.60971],[-82.142872,33.594278],[-82.12908,33.589925],[-82.116545,33.596485],[-82.10624,33.595637],[-82.096352,33.58407],[-82.046335,33.56383],[-82.033023,33.546454],[-82.001338,33.520135],[-81.985938,33.486536],[-81.926336,33.462937],[-81.913356,33.437418],[-81.926789,33.426576],[-81.919217,33.413126],[-81.9373,33.401259],[-81.925737,33.37114],[-81.930634,33.368165],[-81.939637,33.37254],[-81.946337,33.37064],[-81.944737,33.364041],[-81.934837,33.356041],[-81.939737,33.344941],[-81.917973,33.34159],[-81.919137,33.334442],[-81.909285,33.324181],[-81.898187,33.329664],[-81.884137,33.310443],[-81.875836,33.307443],[-81.870436,33.312943],[-81.847296,33.306783],[-81.849636,33.299544],[-81.861536,33.297944],[-81.863236,33.288844],[-81.838257,33.272975],[-81.838337,33.269098],[-81.847336,33.266345],[-81.852136,33.247544],[-81.827936,33.228746],[-81.811736,33.223847],[-81.805236,33.211447],[-81.784535,33.208147],[-81.778935,33.209847],[-81.778435,33.221847],[-81.768935,33.217447],[-81.758235,33.200248],[-81.760635,33.189248],[-81.772435,33.181249],[-81.763135,33.159449],[-81.743835,33.14145],[-81.704634,33.116451],[-81.683533,33.112651],[-81.646433,33.094552],[-81.614298,33.094661],[-81.609476,33.089862],[-81.610078,33.082883],[-81.600211,33.083966],[-81.600091,33.073497],[-81.583804,33.067021],[-81.57288,33.05418],[-81.562066,33.055568],[-81.558336,33.046183],[-81.54251,33.045254],[-81.540081,33.040613],[-81.513231,33.028546],[-81.492253,33.009342],[-81.494736,32.978998],[-81.499471,32.96478],[-81.506449,32.962423],[-81.508436,32.955765],[-81.499446,32.944988],[-81.502427,32.935353],[-81.483198,32.921802],[-81.479184,32.905638],[-81.464069,32.897814],[-81.479445,32.881082],[-81.45392,32.874074],[-81.453949,32.849761],[-81.444866,32.850967],[-81.426475,32.840773],[-81.417984,32.818196],[-81.423772,32.810514],[-81.428313,32.78311],[-81.421128,32.778039],[-81.426481,32.770291],[-81.417606,32.762684],[-81.410845,32.741694],[-81.418542,32.732586],[-81.421194,32.711978],[-81.427517,32.701896],[-81.4131,32.692648],[-81.41075,32.694772],[-81.401256,32.680156],[-81.405273,32.656517],[-81.393818,32.653491],[-81.403582,32.643398],[-81.407271,32.631737],[-81.413411,32.637368],[-81.41866,32.629392],[-81.389338,32.595436],[-81.380999,32.589652],[-81.369757,32.591231],[-81.366964,32.577059],[-81.328753,32.561228],[-81.29676,32.562648],[-81.281324,32.556464],[-81.275213,32.545202],[-81.277131,32.535417],[-81.252882,32.51833],[-81.237095,32.517314],[-81.234023,32.513778],[-81.238281,32.505988],[-81.233585,32.498488],[-81.200029,32.467985],[-81.186829,32.464086],[-81.203046,32.448844],[-81.201595,32.44136],[-81.207246,32.437542],[-81.20513,32.423788],[-81.177231,32.39169],[-81.181072,32.380398],[-81.169332,32.369436],[-81.170858,32.362722],[-81.155136,32.34717],[-81.144032,32.351093],[-81.133632,32.341293],[-81.135733,32.324594],[-81.122933,32.307295],[-81.121433,32.284496],[-81.145834,32.263397],[-81.155995,32.241478],[-81.136727,32.213669],[-81.128283,32.208634],[-81.118234,32.189201],[-81.119361,32.177142],[-81.129634,32.165602],[-81.123134,32.162902],[-81.120034,32.153303],[-81.117234,32.117605],[-81.113334,32.113205],[-81.093386,32.11123],[-81.066906,32.090351],[-81.050234,32.085308],[-81.032674,32.08545],[-81.011961,32.100176],[-81.002297,32.100048],[-80.983133,32.079609],[-80.954482,32.068622],[-80.922794,32.039151],[-80.885517,32.0346],[-80.859111,32.023693],[-80.852276,32.026676],[-80.84313,32.024226],[-80.840549,32.011306],[-80.848441,31.988279],[-80.862814,31.969346],[-80.897687,31.949065],[-80.911207,31.943769],[-80.929101,31.944964],[-80.930279,31.956705],[-80.948491,31.95723],[-80.972392,31.94127],[-80.975714,31.923602],[-80.968494,31.915822],[-80.934508,31.90918],[-80.99269,31.857641],[-81.000317,31.856744],[-81.014478,31.867474],[-81.041548,31.876198],[-81.065255,31.877095],[-81.05907,31.850106],[-81.076178,31.836132],[-81.075812,31.829031],[-81.057181,31.822687],[-81.039808,31.823],[-81.036873,31.812721],[-81.077057,31.761256],[-81.097402,31.753126],[-81.130634,31.722692],[-81.138448,31.720934],[-81.192784,31.733245],[-81.203572,31.719448],[-81.186303,31.701509],[-81.161084,31.691401],[-81.151888,31.698411],[-81.139394,31.699917],[-81.131137,31.695774],[-81.136408,31.674832],[-81.131728,31.654484],[-81.133493,31.623348],[-81.160364,31.570436],[-81.173079,31.555908],[-81.178822,31.55553],[-81.186114,31.568032],[-81.204315,31.568183],[-81.214536,31.557601],[-81.240699,31.552313],[-81.254218,31.55594],[-81.260076,31.54828],[-81.263905,31.532579],[-81.258809,31.52906],[-81.217948,31.527284],[-81.199518,31.537596],[-81.181592,31.527697],[-81.177254,31.517074],[-81.189643,31.503588],[-81.204883,31.473124],[-81.246911,31.422784],[-81.278798,31.367214],[-81.282923,31.326491],[-81.268027,31.324218],[-81.25482,31.315452],[-81.274688,31.289454],[-81.276862,31.254734],[-81.289136,31.225487],[-81.288403,31.211065],[-81.293359,31.206332],[-81.314183,31.207938],[-81.339028,31.186918],[-81.35488,31.167204],[-81.360791,31.155903],[-81.359349,31.149166],[-81.368241,31.136534],[-81.399677,31.134113],[-81.403732,31.107115],[-81.401267,31.072781],[-81.420474,31.016703],[-81.432475,31.012991],[-81.434923,31.017804],[-81.451444,31.015515],[-81.469298,30.996028],[-81.490586,30.984952],[-81.493651,30.977528],[-81.486966,30.969602],[-81.475789,30.965976],[-81.466814,30.97091],[-81.453568,30.965573],[-81.447388,30.956732],[-81.426929,30.956615],[-81.420108,30.974076],[-81.408484,30.977718],[-81.403409,30.957914],[-81.405153,30.908203],[-81.428577,30.836336],[-81.446927,30.81039],[-81.460061,30.769912],[-81.45947,30.741979],[-81.444124,30.709714],[-81.472597,30.713312],[-81.487332,30.726081],[-81.528278,30.723359],[-81.540923,30.713343],[-81.561706,30.715597],[-81.571419,30.721636],[-81.601206,30.728141],[-81.607667,30.721924],[-81.617663,30.722046],[-81.625098,30.733017],[-81.646137,30.727591],[-81.65177,30.732284],[-81.651723,30.740235],[-81.662173,30.746521],[-81.672824,30.738935],[-81.688925,30.741434],[-81.692815,30.7471],[-81.719927,30.744634],[-81.732227,30.749634],[-81.747572,30.766455],[-81.763372,30.77382],[-81.779171,30.768062],[-81.792769,30.784432],[-81.806652,30.789683],[-81.840375,30.786384],[-81.852626,30.794439],[-81.868608,30.792754],[-81.89572,30.821098],[-81.910926,30.815889],[-81.949787,30.827493],[-81.962175,30.818001],[-81.962534,30.796526],[-81.973856,30.778487],[-81.988605,30.780056],[-82.007865,30.792937],[-82.022866,30.787991],[-82.024035,30.783156],[-82.011597,30.763122],[-82.017917,30.755263],[-82.038967,30.749262],[-82.043795,30.729641],[-82.036426,30.706585],[-82.050432,30.676266],[-82.049507,30.655548],[-82.042271,30.649452],[-82.039941,30.637144],[-82.028499,30.621829],[-82.027338,30.606726],[-82.016503,30.602484],[-82.012109,30.593773],[-82.005477,30.563495],[-82.018361,30.531184],[-82.01477,30.513009],[-82.017779,30.475081],[-82.037209,30.434518],[-82.034005,30.422357],[-82.04199,30.403266],[-82.036825,30.377884],[-82.047917,30.363265],[-82.060034,30.360328],[-82.094687,30.360781],[-82.104834,30.368319],[-82.161757,30.357851],[-82.170054,30.358929],[-82.19294,30.378779],[-82.210291,30.42459],[-82.203975,30.444507],[-82.207708,30.460503],[-82.200938,30.474438],[-82.201416,30.485164],[-82.226933,30.510281],[-82.23582,30.537187],[-82.231916,30.55627],[-82.214385,30.566958],[-83.499876,30.645671],[-84.86346,30.711506],[-84.896122,30.750591],[-84.914322,30.753591],[-84.920123,30.76599],[-84.917423,30.77589],[-84.928323,30.79309],[-84.927923,30.80279],[-84.936042,30.820671],[-84.928335,30.844263],[-84.935256,30.854328],[-84.935413,30.882481],[-84.966726,30.917287],[-84.971026,30.928187],[-84.983127,30.934786],[-84.979627,30.954686],[-84.982527,30.965586],[-85.005931,30.97704],[-84.999428,31.013843],[-85.009409,31.032378],[-85.011392,31.053546],[-85.028573,31.074583],[-85.026068,31.08418],[-85.029736,31.096163],[-85.035615,31.108192],[-85.054677,31.120818],[-85.064028,31.142495],[-85.076628,31.156927],[-85.100207,31.16549],[-85.098426,31.17777],[-85.106503,31.185305],[-85.106963,31.202693],[-85.09977,31.209751],[-85.096763,31.225651],[-85.111711,31.258022],[-85.114548,31.276302],[-85.110309,31.281733],[-85.099107,31.284165],[-85.089774,31.295026],[-85.084152,31.328313],[-85.088983,31.334292],[-85.085918,31.353146],[-85.09099,31.354428],[-85.092487,31.362881],[-85.078641,31.39636],[-85.079978,31.410472],[-85.074762,31.424879],[-85.06697,31.428594],[-85.071621,31.468384],[-85.045642,31.516813],[-85.047196,31.528671],[-85.041305,31.540987],[-85.05796,31.57084],[-85.055976,31.605178],[-85.060418,31.611271],[-85.057473,31.618624],[-85.082829,31.637967],[-85.083545,31.656071],[-85.092429,31.659966],[-85.12553,31.694965],[-85.12653,31.716764],[-85.11913,31.730964],[-85.129231,31.758663],[-85.12523,31.767063],[-85.140431,31.779663],[-85.132231,31.795162],[-85.131331,31.817562],[-85.141831,31.839261],[-85.138331,31.844161],[-85.140131,31.858761],[-85.128831,31.87636],[-85.132931,31.89306],[-85.114031,31.89336],[-85.10803,31.90516],[-85.112731,31.909859],[-85.07893,31.940159],[-85.08683,31.957758],[-85.067829,31.967358],[-85.07093,31.981658],[-85.068098,31.991857],[-85.064544,32.002489],[-85.053815,32.013502],[-85.05883,32.046656],[-85.055491,32.072657],[-85.047063,32.090433],[-85.06206,32.132486],[-85.045593,32.143758],[-85.011267,32.180493],[-84.966828,32.193952],[-84.966346,32.208034],[-84.957057,32.21671],[-84.925427,32.221551],[-84.912488,32.247463],[-84.890894,32.261504],[-84.9338,32.29826],[-85.001874,32.322015],[-85.007103,32.328362],[-85.004582,32.345196],[-84.983466,32.363186],[-84.976767,32.392648],[-84.981098,32.402833],[-84.979431,32.412244],[-84.96343,32.422544],[-84.967031,32.435343],[-84.971831,32.442843],[-84.995331,32.453243],[-84.998231,32.469842],[-84.994831,32.486042],[-85.0071,32.523868],[-85.015805,32.528428],[-85.022509,32.542923],[-85.067535,32.579546],[-85.076399,32.594665],[-85.08224,32.616264],[-85.088319,32.623032],[-85.087294,32.634407],[-85.098259,32.642708],[-85.089736,32.655635],[-85.093536,32.669734],[-85.114737,32.685634],[-85.122738,32.715727],[-85.1202,32.737647],[-85.138101,32.753836],[-85.133275,32.780609],[-85.167939,32.811612],[-85.168342,32.828516],[-85.159309,32.841382],[-85.160792,32.848466],[-85.177127,32.853895],[-85.1844,32.861317],[-85.42947,34.125096],[-85.561416,34.750079],[-85.605165,34.984678],[-84.810477,34.987607]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Georgia\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517039e4b05569d805a1fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knaak, Andrew E. 0000-0003-1813-8959 aknaak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1813-8959","contributorId":3123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knaak","given":"Andrew","email":"aknaak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peck, Michael F. mfpeck@usgs.gov","contributorId":1467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Michael F.","email":"mfpeck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70093575,"text":"sir20145019 - 2014 - Remediation scenarios for attenuating peak flows and reducing sediment transport in Fountain Creek, Colorado, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-11T08:00:45","indexId":"sir20145019","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-11T07:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5019","title":"Remediation scenarios for attenuating peak flows and reducing sediment transport in Fountain Creek, Colorado, 2013","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Fountain Creek Watershed, Flood Control and Greenway District assessed remediation scenarios to attenuate peak flows and reduce sediment loads in the Fountain Creek watershed. To evaluate these strategies, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) hydrologic and hydraulic models were employed.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers modeling system HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Modeling System) version 3.5 was used to simulate runoff in the Fountain Creek watershed, Colorado, associated with storms of varying magnitude and duration. Rain-gage precipitation data and radar-based precipitation data from the April 28–30, 1999, and September 14–15, 2011, storm events were used in the calibration process for the HEC-HMS model. The curve number and lag time for each subwatershed and Manning's roughness coefficients for each channel reach were adjusted within an acceptable range so that the simulated and measured streamflow hydrographs for each of the 12 USGS streamgages approximated each other.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers modeling system HEC-RAS (River Analysis System) versions 4.1 and 4.2 were used to simulate streamflow and sediment transport, respectively, for the Fountain Creek watershed generated by a particular storm event. Data from 15 USGS streamgages were used for model calibration and 7 of those USGS streamgages were used for model validation. The calibration process consisted of comparing the simulated water-surface elevations and the cross-section-averaged velocities from the model with those surveyed in the field at the cross section at the corresponding 15 and 7 streamgages, respectively. The final Manning’s roughness coefficients were adjusted between –30 and 30 percent at the 15 calibration streamgages from the original left, right, and channel-averaged Manning's roughness coefficients upon completion of calibration.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers modeling system HEC-RAS version 4.2 was used to simulate streamflow and sediment transport for the Fountain Creek watershed generated by a design-storm event. The Laursen-Copeland sediment-transport function was used in conjunction with the Exner 5 sorting method and the Ruby fall-velocity method to predict sediment transport. Six USGS streamgages equipped with suspended-sediment samplers were used to develop sediment-flow rating curves for the sediment-transport-model calibration. The critical Shields number in the Laursen-Copeland sediment-transport function and the volume of sediment available at a given cross section were adjusted during the HEC-RAS sediment-model calibration process.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>HEC-RAS model simulations used to evaluate the 14 remediation scenarios were based on unsteady-state streamflows associated with a 24-hour, 1-percent annual exceedance probability (100-year) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Type II precipitation event. Scenario 0 represents the baseline or current conditions in the watershed and was used to compare the remaining 13 scenarios. Scenarios 1–8 and 12 rely on side-detention facilities to reduce peak flows and sediment transport. Scenario 9 has a diversion channel, and scenario 10 has a reservoir. Scenarios 11 and 13 incorporate channel armoring and channel widening, respectively. Scenarios 8 and 10, the scenario with the most side-detention facilities, and the scenario with the reservoir, respectively, were the most effective at reducing sediment transport and peak flow at the Pueblo, Colorado, streamgage. Scenarios 8 and 10 altered the peak flow by –58.9 and –56.4 percent, respectively. In turn, scenarios 8 and 10 altered the sediment transport by –17.7 and –62.1 percent, respectively.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145019","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Fountain Creek Watershed, Flood Control and Greenway District","usgsCitation":"Kohn, M.S., Fulton, J.W., Williams, C.A., and Stogner, 2014, Remediation scenarios for attenuating peak flows and reducing sediment transport in Fountain Creek, Colorado, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5019, ix, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145019.","productDescription":"ix, 62 p.","numberOfPages":"76","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053256","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286229,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5019/"},{"id":286236,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5019/pdf/sir2014-5019.pdf"},{"id":286237,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145019.jpg"}],"projection":"Colorado State Plane","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Fountain Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.2998,38.2455 ], [ -105.2998,39.1716 ], [ -104.2993,39.1716 ], [ -104.2993,38.2455 ], [ -105.2998,38.2455 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351705fe4b05569d805a38e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kohn, Michael S. 0000-0002-5989-7700 mkohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-7700","contributorId":4549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohn","given":"Michael","email":"mkohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fulton, John W. 0000-0002-5335-0720 jwfulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-0720","contributorId":2298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"John","email":"jwfulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, Cory A. 0000-0003-1461-7848 cawillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1461-7848","contributorId":689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Cory","email":"cawillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stogner 0000-0002-3185-1452 rstogner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3185-1452","contributorId":938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stogner","email":"rstogner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":490056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70095745,"text":"sir20145039 - 2014 - Development of a regionally consistent geospatial dataset of agricultural lands in the Upper Colorado River Basin, 2007-10","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T10:35:41","indexId":"sir20145039","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T15:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5039","title":"Development of a regionally consistent geospatial dataset of agricultural lands in the Upper Colorado River Basin, 2007-10","docAbstract":"<p>Irrigation in arid environments can alter the natural rate at which salts are dissolved and transported to streams. Irrigated agricultural lands are the major anthropogenic source of dissolved solids in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB). Understanding the location, spatial distribution, and irrigation status of agricultural lands and the method used to deliver water to agricultural lands are important to help improve the understanding of agriculturally derived dissolved-solids loading to surface water in the UCRB. Irrigation status is the presence or absence of irrigation on an agricultural field during the selected growing season or seasons. Irrigation method is the system used to irrigate a field. Irrigation method can broadly be grouped into sprinkler or flood methods, although other techniques such as drip irrigation are used in the UCRB. Flood irrigation generally causes greater dissolved-solids loading to streams than sprinkler irrigation. Agricultural lands in the UCRB mapped by state agencies at varying spatial and temporal resolutions were assembled and edited to represent conditions in the UCRB between 2007 and 2010. Edits were based on examination of 1-meter resolution aerial imagery collected between 2009 and 2011. Remote sensing classification techniques were used to classify irrigation status for the June to September growing seasons between 2007 and 2010. The final dataset contains polygons representing approximately 1,759,900 acres of agricultural lands in the UCRB. Approximately 66 percent of the mapped agricultural lands were likely irrigated during the study period.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145039","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation and Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Buto, S.G., Gold, B.L., and Jones, K.A., 2014, Development of a regionally consistent geospatial dataset of agricultural lands in the Upper Colorado River Basin, 2007-10: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5039, Report: iv, 20 p.; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145039.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 20 p.; Metadata","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-042655","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286227,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145039.jpg"},{"id":286222,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5039/"},{"id":286226,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/lookup/getspatial?sir2014_5039_UCRBAgriculture"},{"id":286225,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5039/pdf/sir2014-5039.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Upper Colorado River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.69937133789062,\n              36.730079507078415\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.68083190917969,\n              36.730079507078415\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.64581298828125,\n              36.72677751526221\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.4068603515625,\n              36.67723060234619\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.181640625,\n              36.54936246839778\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.45654296875,\n              36.46105407505434\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.8687744140625,\n              35.991340960635405\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.5062255859375,\n              35.67068501330236\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.21508789062499,\n              35.48751102385376\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.907470703125,\n              35.34425514918409\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.5286865234375,\n              35.290468565908775\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.2760009765625,\n              35.28150065789119\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.215576171875,\n              35.31736632923788\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.13317871093749,\n              35.460669951495305\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.9793701171875,\n              35.62604706595698\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.94091796875,\n              35.817813158696616\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.875,\n              36.26199220445664\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.842041015625,\n              36.67723060234619\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.864013671875,\n              37.02886944696474\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.0068359375,\n              37.21283151445594\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.33642578124999,\n              37.37015718405753\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.545166015625,\n              37.55328764595765\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.666015625,\n              37.74465712069939\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.42431640625,\n              37.84883250647402\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.07275390625,\n              37.90953361677018\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.6552734375,\n              38.004819966413194\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.666259765625,\n              38.33303882235456\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.69921875,\n              38.685509760012\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.875,\n              39.13006024213511\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.435546875,\n              39.40224434029275\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.9521484375,\n              39.740986355883564\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.908203125,\n              40.34654412118006\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.99609375,\n              40.613952441166596\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.435546875,\n              40.74725696280421\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.69921875,\n              41.64007838467894\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.57812499999999,\n              42.65012181368025\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.10546875,\n              42.84375132629023\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.8525390625,\n              43.13306116240612\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.423828125,\n              43.197167282501276\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.77539062499999,\n              43.42100882994726\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.9072265625,\n              43.67581809328341\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.3466796875,\n              43.83452678223682\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.61035156249999,\n              43.67581809328341\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.74218749999999,\n              43.13306116240612\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.8740234375,\n              42.19596877629178\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              41.44272637767212\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              41.19518982948959\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.181640625,\n              41.04621681452063\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.37939453125,\n              40.94671366508002\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.533203125,\n              40.613952441166596\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.73095703125,\n              40.245991504199026\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.884765625,\n              39.8928799002948\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.97265625,\n              39.33429742980725\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.2802734375,\n              39.11301365149975\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.43408203124999,\n              38.856820134743636\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.60986328125,\n              38.59970036588819\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.60986328125,\n              38.376115424036016\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.67578124999999,\n              38.22091976683121\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.8955078125,\n              37.87485339352928\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.02734374999999,\n              37.579412513438385\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.02734374999999,\n              37.26530995561875\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.9833984375,\n              37.00255267215955\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.67578124999999,\n              36.756490329505155\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.34619140625,\n              36.5978891330702\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.97265625,\n              36.56260003738548\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.69937133789062,\n              36.730079507078415\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517033e4b05569d805a1bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buto, Susan G. 0000-0002-1107-9549 sbuto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-9549","contributorId":1057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buto","given":"Susan","email":"sbuto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gold, Brittany L. 0000-0002-6446-8855 bgold@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6446-8855","contributorId":5141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"Brittany","email":"bgold@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Kimberly A. kjones@usgs.gov","contributorId":937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Kimberly","email":"kjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":491422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70099924,"text":"sir20145057 - 2014 - Simulated effects of existing and proposed surface-water impoundments and gas-well pads on streamflow and suspended sediment in the Cypress Creek watershed, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T09:25:54","indexId":"sir20145057","displayToPublicDate":"2014-04-10T11:33:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5057","title":"Simulated effects of existing and proposed surface-water impoundments and gas-well pads on streamflow and suspended sediment in the Cypress Creek watershed, Arkansas","docAbstract":"<p>Cypress Creek is located in central Arkansas and is the main tributary to Brewer Lake, which serves as the primary water supply for Conway, Arkansas, and the surrounding areas. A model of the Cypress Creek watershed was developed and calibrated in cooperation with Southwestern Energy Company using detailed precipitation, streamflow, and discrete suspended-sediment data collected from 2009 through 2012. These data were used with a Hydrologic Simulation Program&mdash;FORTRAN model to address different potential gas-extraction activities within the watershed.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The calibrated Hydrologic Simulation Program&mdash;FORTRAN model was used to simulate four land-use scenarios and examine the potential effects of these land-use changes on the streamflow and water quality within the Cypress Creek watershed. These simulated scenarios included (1) the conversion of all nonforested land to forest, representing a time period before extensive grazing activities and no gas-extraction activities; (2) a land-use change to that of 1949, representing a time period with some grazing activities and no gas-extraction activities; (3) a time period with current land-use conditions, but without any gas-extraction activities, that is, the exclusion of gas-well pads/pipelines, associated gravel roads, and surface-water impoundments; and (4) a time period with current land-use conditions, but with increased gas-extraction activities (for example, increased gas-well pad and surface-water impoundment activities) to represent a possible future natural gas full-development condition for the area.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>A current-conditions simulation also was built and calibrated and represents the current conditions (2013) within the watershed. This simulation was used as the comparison basis for the four land-use scenarios described above. The current-conditions simulation used the 2006 land-use conditions, which consisted primarily of forest and pasture, as well as the current (2013) 35 gas-well pads and pipelines and 6 surface-water impoundments, which account for approximately 1.6 percent of the land use. Simulating a time period before extensive-grazing activities and no gas-extraction activities for scenario 1 resulted in a decrease in suspended-sediment loads and volume of streamflow within the Cypress Creek watershed compared to the current-conditions simulation. Simulating a time period before any gas-extraction activities but with some grazing activities for scenario 2 also resulted in a decrease in suspended-sediment loads and volume of streamflow within the Cypress Creek watershed. Simulating current conditions, but without any natural gas-pad land use or related activities (including pipelines and associated gravel roads), for scenario 3 resulted in mostly unchanged suspended-sediment loads and volume of streamflow within the Cypress Creek watershed, as compared to the current-conditions simulation. Finally, simulating potential future conditions of increased gas-well pad and surface-water impoundment activities for scenario 4 resulted in a decrease (compared to the current-conditions simulation) in suspended-sediment loads and a slight increase of volume of streamflow within the Cypress Creek watershed.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The Arkansas Natural Resources Commission and the Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality list suspended sediment from &ldquo;poor pastures&rdquo; as a primary source of nonpoint-source pollution in north-central Arkansas, but unpaved (gravel) roads are another important source of suspended sediment. Because of the high sediment-loading rates associated with gravel roads and the large amount of pasture within the watershed, the factors most responsible for suspended sediment within the Cypress Creek watershed are likely associated more with the pastureland and gravel roads, than factors associated with gas-well pads/pipelines.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145057","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Southwestern Energy Company","usgsCitation":"Hart, R.M., 2014, Simulated effects of existing and proposed surface-water impoundments and gas-well pads on streamflow and suspended sediment in the Cypress Creek watershed, Arkansas (Originally posted April 10, 2014; Version 1.1: April 16, 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5057, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145057.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054270","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":286180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145057.jpg"},{"id":286178,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5057/"},{"id":286179,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5057/pdf/sir2014-5057.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","city":"Conway","otherGeospatial":"Brewer Lake;Cypress Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.748504,35.029964 ], [ -92.748504,35.400913 ], [ -92.429371,35.400913 ], [ -92.429371,35.029964 ], [ -92.748504,35.029964 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Originally posted April 10, 2014; Version 1.1: April 16, 2016","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517061e4b05569d805a3a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Rheannon M. 0000-0003-4657-5945 rmhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4657-5945","contributorId":5516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Rheannon","email":"rmhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}