{"pageNumber":"536","pageRowStart":"13375","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46677,"records":[{"id":70058438,"text":"sim3237 - 2014 - Global geologic map of Ganymede","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-16T19:14:54.841414","indexId":"sim3237","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-12T11:55:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3237","title":"Global geologic map of Ganymede","docAbstract":"<p>Ganymede is the largest satellite of Jupiter, and its icy surface has been formed through a variety of impact cratering, tectonic, and possibly cryovolcanic processes. The history of Ganymede can be divided into three distinct phases: an early phase dominated by impact cratering and mixing of non-ice materials in the icy crust, a phase in the middle of its history marked by great tectonic upheaval, and a late quiescent phase characterized by a gradual drop in heat flow and further impact cratering. Images of Ganymede suitable for geologic mapping were collected during the flybys of Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 (1979), as well as during the Galileo Mission in orbit around Jupiter (1995&ndash;2003). This map represents a synthesis of our understanding of Ganymede geology after the conclusion of the Galileo Mission. We summarize the properties of the imaging dataset used to construct the map, previously published maps of Ganymede, our own mapping rationale, and the geologic history of Ganymede. Additional details on these topics, along with detailed descriptions of the type localities for the material units, may be found in the companion paper to this map (Patterson and others, 2010).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3237","issn":"2329-132X","collaboration":"Prepared for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Collins, G.C., Patterson, G.W., Head, J.W., Pappalardo, R.T., Prockter, L.M., Lucchitta, B.K., and Kay, J.P., 2014, Global geologic map of Ganymede: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3237, Report: i, 4 p.; 1 Plate: 58.02 x 41.00 inches; ReadMe; Metadata; Database, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3237.","productDescription":"Report: i, 4 p.; 1 Plate: 58.02 x 41.00 inches; ReadMe; Metadata; Database","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-039423","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438774,"rank":9,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91J9GP5","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Interactive Map: USGS SIM 3237 Global Geologic Map of Ganymede"},{"id":282305,"rank":7,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3237.gif"},{"id":405430,"rank":8,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P91J9GP5","text":"Interactive map","description":"Geoffrey C. Collins, G. Wesley Patterson, James W. Head, Robert T. Pappalardo, Louise M. Prockter, Baerbel K. Lucchitta, and Johnathan P. Kay, 2014, Global geologic map of Ganymede: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3237, scale 1:15,000,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3237","linkHelpText":"- Global Geologic Map of Ganymede, 1:15M. Collins et al., (2014)"},{"id":282302,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3237/SIM3237_readme"},{"id":282303,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3237/SIM3237_metadata"},{"id":282301,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3237/pdf/sim3237_mapsheet.pdf"},{"id":282304,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3237/downloads/Ganymede_SIM3237_Database.zip"},{"id":282300,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3237/pdf/sim3237_pamphlet.pdf"},{"id":282299,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3237/"}],"scale":"15000000","otherGeospatial":"Ganymede, Jupiter","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5ef8e4b0b290850fc05c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Geoffrey C.","contributorId":40512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patterson, G. Wesley","contributorId":29302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Wesley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Head, James W.","contributorId":70772,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Head","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7002,"text":"Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":487045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pappalardo, Robert T.","contributorId":102380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pappalardo","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Prockter, Louise M.","contributorId":36850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prockter","given":"Louise","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lucchitta, Baerbel K. blucchitta@usgs.gov","contributorId":3649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lucchitta","given":"Baerbel","email":"blucchitta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":487041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kay, Johnathan P.","contributorId":77046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kay","given":"Johnathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70093696,"text":"ofr20131304 - 2014 - Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona: 2011-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-11T13:49:02","indexId":"ofr20131304","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-11T12:43:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1304","title":"Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona: 2011-2012","docAbstract":"<p>The Navajo (N) aquifer is an extensive aquifer and the primary source of groundwater in the 5,400-square-mile Black Mesa area in northeastern Arizona. Availability of water is an important issue in northeastern Arizona because of continued water requirements for industrial and municipal use by a growing population and because of low precipitation in the arid climate of the Black Mesa area. Precipitation in the area typically is between 6 and 14 inches per year.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Geological Survey water-monitoring program in the Black Mesa area began in 1971 and provides information about the long-term effects of groundwater withdrawals from the N aquifer for industrial and municipal uses. This report presents results of data collected as part of the monitoring program in the Black Mesa area from January 2011 to September 2012. The monitoring program includes measurements of (1) groundwater withdrawals, (2) groundwater levels, (3) spring discharge, (4) surface-water discharge, and (5) groundwater chemistry.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>In 2011, total groundwater withdrawals were 4,480 acre-ft, industrial withdrawals were 1,390 acre-ft, and municipal withdrawals were 3,090 acre-ft. Total withdrawals during 2011 were about 39 percent less than total withdrawals in 2005 because of Peabody Western Coal Company’s discontinued use of water to transport coal in a slurry. From 2010 to 2011 total withdrawals increased by 11 percent; industrial withdrawals increased by approximately 19 percent, and total municipal withdrawals increased by 8 percent.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>From 2011 to 2012, annually measured water levels in the Black Mesa area declined in 8 of 15 wells that were available for comparison in the unconfined areas of the N aquifer, and the median change was -0.1 feet. Water levels declined in 9 of 18 wells measured in the confined area of the aquifer. The median change for the confined area of the aquifer was 0.0 feet. From the prestress period (prior to 1965) to 2012, the median water-level change for 34 wells in both the confined and unconfined areas was -13.4 feet; the median water-level changes were -2.1 feet for 16 wells measured in the unconfined areas and -39.1 feet for 18 wells measured in the confined area.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Spring flow was measured at four springs in 2012. Flow fluctuated during the period of record for Burro and Unnamed Spring near Dennehotso, but a decreasing trend was apparent at Moenkopi School Spring and Pasture Canyon Spring. Discharge at Burro Spring has remained relatively constant since it was first measured in the 1980s and discharge at Unnamed Spring near Dennehotso has fluctuated for the period of record. Trend analysis for discharge at Moenkopi and Pasture Canyon Springs yielded a slope significantly different from zero.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Continuous records of surface-water discharge in the Black Mesa area were collected from streamflow-gaging stations at the following sites: Moenkopi Wash at Moenkopi 09401260 (1976 to 2010), Dinnebito Wash near Sand Springs 09401110 (1993 to 2010), Polacca Wash near Second Mesa 09400568 (1994 to 2010), and Pasture Canyon Springs 09401265 (2004 to 2010). Median winter flows (November through February) of each water year were used as an index of the amount of groundwater discharge at the above-named sites. For the period of record of each streamflow-gaging station, the median winter flows have generally remained constant, and there are no significant statistical trends in groundwater discharge.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>In 2012, water samples collected from 10 wells and 4 springs in the Black Mesa area were analyzed for selected chemical constituents, and the results were compared with previous analyses. Concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate have varied at all 10 wells for the period of record, but neither increasing nor decreasing trends over time were found. Dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate concentrations increased at Moenkopi School Spring during the more than 12 years of record at that site. Concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate at Pasture Canyon Spring have not varied significantly since the early 1980s, and there is no increasing or decreasing trend in those data. Concentrations of dissolved solids, chloride, and sulfate at Burro Spring and Unnamed Spring near Dennehotso have varied for the period of record, but there is no increasing or decreasing trend in the data.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131304","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Arizona Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Macy, J.P., and Unema, J., 2014, Groundwater, surface-water, and water-chemistry data, Black Mesa area, northeastern Arizona: 2011-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1304, v, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131304.","productDescription":"v, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-045075","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282269,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131304.jpg"},{"id":282267,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1304/"},{"id":282270,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1304/pdf/ofr2013-1304.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Black Mesa","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.5,35.5 ], [ -111.5,37.0 ], [ -109.5,37.0 ], [ -109.5,35.5 ], [ -111.5,35.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5ff6e4b0b290850fc9d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Macy, Jamie P. 0000-0003-3443-0079 jpmacy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-0079","contributorId":2173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macy","given":"Jamie","email":"jpmacy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Unema, Joel A.","contributorId":92577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unema","given":"Joel A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70072585,"text":"ofr20131303 - 2014 - Change in the length of the southern section of the Chandeleur Islands oil berm, January 13, 2011, through September 3, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-10T13:33:42","indexId":"ofr20131303","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-10T13:29:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1303","title":"Change in the length of the southern section of the Chandeleur Islands oil berm, January 13, 2011, through September 3, 2012","docAbstract":"On April 20, 2010, an explosion on the Deepwater Horizon oil rig drilling at the Macondo Prospect site in the Gulf of Mexico resulted in a marine oil spill that continued to flow through July 15, 2010. One of the affected areas was the Breton National Wildlife Refuge, which consists of a chain of low-lying islands, including Breton Island and the Chandeleur Islands, and their surrounding waters. The island chain is located approximately 115–150 kilometers (km) north-northwest of the spill site. A sand berm was constructed seaward of, and on, the island chain. Construction began at the northern end of Chandeleur Islands in June 2010 and ended in April 2011 after 14 km of berm had been constructed. The berm consisted of three distinct sections based on where the berm was placed relative to the islands. The northern section of the berm was built in open water on a submerged portion of the Chandeleur Islands platform. The middle section was built approximately 70–90 meters (m) seaward of the Chandeleur Islands. The southern section was built on the islands’ beaches. Repeated Landsat and SPOT satellite imagery and airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) were used to observe the disintegration of the berm over time. The methods used to analyze the remotely sensed data and the resulting, derived data for the southern section are reported.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131303","issn":"2332-1258","usgsCitation":"Plant, N.G., and Guy, K.K., 2014, Change in the length of the southern section of the Chandeleur Islands oil berm, January 13, 2011, through September 3, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1303, iv, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131303.","productDescription":"iv, 8 p.","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-01-13","temporalEnd":"2012-09-03","ipdsId":"IP-050824","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282221,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131303.jpg"},{"id":282219,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1303/"},{"id":282220,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1303/pdf/of2013-1303.pdf"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Breton Island;Chandeleur Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -89.5,28.5 ], [ -89.5,30.5 ], [ -88.5,30.5 ], [ -88.5,28.5 ], [ -89.5,28.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd506ae4b0b290850f3524","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guy, Kristy K. kguy@usgs.gov","contributorId":45010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guy","given":"Kristy","email":"kguy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70074262,"text":"ofr20141011 - 2014 - Survival of bacterial indicators and the functional diversity of native microbial communities in the Floridan aquifer system, south Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-10T13:19:16","indexId":"ofr20141011","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-10T13:13:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1011","title":"Survival of bacterial indicators and the functional diversity of native microbial communities in the Floridan aquifer system, south Florida","docAbstract":"The Upper Floridan aquifer in the southern region of Florida is a multi-use, regional scale aquifer that is used as a potable water source and as a repository for passively recharged untreated surface waters, and injected treated surface water and wastewater, industrial wastes, including those which contain greenhouse gases (for example, carbon dioxide). The presence of confined zones within the Floridan aquifer that range in salinity from fresh to brackish allow regulatory agencies to permit the injection of these different types of product waters into specific zones without detrimental effects to humans and terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The type of recharge that has received the most regulatory attention in south Florida is aquifer storage and recovery (ASR). The treated water, prior to injection and during recovery, must meet primary and secondary drinking water standards. The primary microbiology drinking water standard is total coliforms, which have been shown to be difficult to inactivate below the regulatory standard during the treatment process at some ASR facilities. The inefficient inactivation of this group of indicator bacteria permits their direct injection into the storage zones of the Floridan aquifer. Prior to this study, the inactivation rates for any member of the total coliform group during exposure to native geochemical conditions in groundwater from any zone of the Floridan aquifer had not been derived.\n\nAboveground flow through mesocosms and diffusion chambers were used to quantify the inactivation rates of two bacterial indicators, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, during exposure to groundwater from six wells. These wells collect water from two ASR storage zones: the Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA) and Avon Park Permeable Zone (APPZ). Both bacterial strains followed a biphasic inactivation model. The E. coli populations had slower inactivation rates in the UFA (range: 0.217–0.628 per hour (h<sup>-1</sup>)) during the first phase of the model than when exposed to groundwater from the APPZ (range: 0.540–0.684 h<sup>-1</sup>). The inactivation rates for the first phase of the models for P. aeruginosa were not significantly different between the UFA (range: 0.144–0.770 h<sup>-1</sup>) and APPZ (range: 0.159–0.772 h<sup>-1</sup>) aquifer zones. The inactivation rates for the second phase of the model for this P. aeruginosa were also similar between UFA (range: 0.003–0.008 h<sup>-1</sup>) and APPZ (0.004–0.005 h<sup>-1</sup>) zones, although significantly slower than the model’s first phase rates for this bacterial species.\n\nGeochemical data were used to determine which dissimilatory biogeochemical reactions were most likely to occur under the native conditions in the UFA and APPZ zones using thermodynamics principles to calculate free energy yields and other cell-related energetics data. The biogeochemical processes of acetotrophic and hydrogenotrophic sulfate reduction, methanogenesis and anaerobic oxidation of methane dominated in all six groundwater sites.\n\nA high throughput DNA microarray sequencing technology was used to characterize the diversity in the native aquifer bacterial communities (bacteria and archaea) and assign putative physiological capabilities to the members of those communities. The bacterial communities in both zones of the aquifer were shown to possess the capabilities for primary and secondary fermentation, acetogenesis, methanogenesis, anaerobic methane oxidation, syntrophy with methanogens, ammonification, and sulfate reduction.\n\nThe data from this study provide the first determination of bacterial indicator survival during exposure to native geochemical conditions of the Floridan aquifer in south Florida. Additionally, the energetics and functional bacterial diversity characterizations are the first descriptions of native bacterial communities in this region of the Floridan aquifer and reveal how these communities persist under such extreme conditions. Collectively, these types of data can be used to develop and refine groundwater models.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141011","issn":"2331-1258","usgsCitation":"Lisle, J.T., 2014, Survival of bacterial indicators and the functional diversity of native microbial communities in the Floridan aquifer system, south Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1011, vi, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141011.","productDescription":"vi, 72 p.","numberOfPages":"78","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050699","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282216,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141011.jpg"},{"id":282214,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1011/"},{"id":282215,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1011/pdf/of2014-1011.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Avon Park Permeable Zone;Upper Floridian Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.5,26.5 ], [ -81.5,27.5 ], [ -80.0,27.5 ], [ -80.0,26.5 ], [ -81.5,26.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7612e4b0b2908510aaab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lisle, John T. 0000-0002-5447-2092 jlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":2944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"John","email":"jlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70058701,"text":"sir20135230 - 2014 - Trend analysis and selected summary statistics of annual mean streamflow for 38 selected long-term U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in Texas, water years 1916-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T13:13:21","indexId":"sir20135230","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-10T13:03:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5230","title":"Trend analysis and selected summary statistics of annual mean streamflow for 38 selected long-term U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in Texas, water years 1916-2012","docAbstract":"<p>In 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) operated more than 500 continuous streamgages (streamflow-gaging stations) in Texas. In cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board, the USGS evaluated mean annual streamflow data for 38 selected streamgages that were active as of water year 2012. The 38 streamgages have annual mean streamflow data considered natural and unregulated. Collected annual mean streamflow data for a single streamgage ranged from 49 to 97 cumulative years. The nonparametric Kendall&rsquo;s tau statistical test was used to detect monotonic trends in annual mean streamflow over time. The monotonic trend analysis detected 2 statistically significant upward trends (0.01 one-tail significance), 1 statistically significant downward trend (0.01 one-tail significance level), and 35 instances of no statistically significant trend (0.02 two-tailed significance level). The Theil slope estimate of a regression slope of annual mean streamflow with time was computed for the three stations where trends in streamflow were detected: 2 increasing Theil slopes were measured (+0.40 and +2.72 cubic feet per second per year, respectively), and 1 decreasing Theil slope (&ndash;0.24 cubic feet per second per year) was measured.</p>\n<p>Selected summary statistics (L-moments) and estimates of respective sampling variances were computed for the 35 streamgages lacking statistically significant trends. From the L-moments and estimated sampling variances, weighted means or regional values were computed for each L-moment. An example application is included demonstrating how the L-moments could be used to evaluate the magnitude and frequency of annual mean streamflow.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135230","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board","usgsCitation":"Asquith, W.H., and Barbie, D.L., 2014, Trend analysis and selected summary statistics of annual mean streamflow for 38 selected long-term U.S. Geological Survey streamgages in Texas, water years 1916-2012 (First posted 2/10/2014; Version 1.1 revised 8/1/2014): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5230, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135230.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"23","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1915-10-01","temporalEnd":"2012-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-052213","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282213,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/SIR20135230.jpg"},{"id":282211,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5230/"},{"id":282212,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5230/pdf/sir2013-5230.pdf"}],"scale":"25000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.5,28.0 ], [ -105.5,34.0 ], [ -94.0,34.0 ], [ -94.0,28.0 ], [ -105.5,28.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"First posted 2/10/2014; Version 1.1 revised 8/1/2014","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd799de4b0b2908510cef3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asquith, William H. 0000-0002-7400-1861 wasquith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7400-1861","contributorId":1007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asquith","given":"William","email":"wasquith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barbie, Dana L.","contributorId":64632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbie","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70135628,"text":"70135628 - 2014 - Structural equation models of VMT growth in US urbanised areas.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-14T11:26:13","indexId":"70135628","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-10T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3844,"text":"Urban Studies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural equation models of VMT growth in US urbanised areas.","docAbstract":"<p>Vehicle miles travelled (VMT) is a primary performance indicator for land use and transportation, bringing with it both positive and negative externalities. This study updates and refines previous work on VMT in urbanised areas, using recent data, additional metrics and structural equation modelling (SEM). In a cross-sectional model for 2010, population, income and freeway capacity are positively related to VMT, while gasoline prices, development density and transit service levels are negatively related. Findings of the cross-sectional model are generally confirmed in a more tightly controlled longitudinal study of changes in VMT between 2000 and 2010, the first model of its kind. The cross-sectional and longitudinal models together, plus the transportation literature generally, give us a basis for generalising across studies to arrive at elasticity values of VMT with respect to different urban variables.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Sage Publications","doi":"10.1177/0042098013516521","usgsCitation":"Ewing, R., Hamidi, S., Gallivan, F., Nelson, A.C., and Grace, J.B., 2014, Structural equation models of VMT growth in US urbanised areas.: Urban Studies, v. 51, no. 14, p. 3079-3096, https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098013516521.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"3079","endPage":"3096","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052475","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297078,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"51","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c64e4b08de9379b3781","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ewing, Reid","contributorId":106010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewing","given":"Reid","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":536675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamidi, Shima","contributorId":30909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamidi","given":"Shima","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":536676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gallivan, Frank","contributorId":48097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallivan","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":536677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, Arthur C.","contributorId":75061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":536678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":536674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70093599,"text":"70093599 - 2014 - Assessing mobility and redistribution patterns of sand and oil agglomerates in the surf zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-14T11:24:39","indexId":"70093599","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-10T10:09:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing mobility and redistribution patterns of sand and oil agglomerates in the surf zone","docAbstract":"Heavier-than-water sand and oil agglomerates that formed in the surf zone following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill continued to cause beach re-oiling 3 years after initial stranding. To understand this phenomena and inform operational response now and for future spills, a numerical method to assess the mobility and alongshore movement of these “surface residual balls” (SRBs) was developed and applied to the Alabama and western Florida coasts. Alongshore flow and SRB mobility and potential flux were used to identify likely patterns of transport and deposition. Results indicate that under typical calm conditions, cm-size SRBs are unlikely to move alongshore, whereas mobility and transport is likely during storms. The greater mobility of sand compared to SRBs makes burial and exhumation of SRBs likely, and inlets were identified as probable SRB traps. Analysis of field data supports these model results.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.004","usgsCitation":"Dalyander, P., Long, J.W., Plant, N.G., and Thompson, D.M., 2014, Assessing mobility and redistribution patterns of sand and oil agglomerates in the surf zone: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 80, no. 1-2, p. 200-209, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.004.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"200","endPage":"209","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282208,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282207,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.004"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Florida","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.48,24.61 ], [ -98.48,32.58 ], [ -79.54,32.58 ], [ -79.54,24.61 ], [ -98.48,24.61 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"80","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52f9f4dfe4b02baefb041999","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dalyander, P. Soupy 0000-0001-9583-0872","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9583-0872","contributorId":65177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalyander","given":"P. Soupy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, Joesph W.","contributorId":35232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Joesph","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, David M. 0000-0002-7103-5740 dthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7103-5740","contributorId":3502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"David","email":"dthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70066779,"text":"sir20145002 - 2014 - Assessment of conservation easements, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids in West Fork Beaver Creek, Minnesota, 1999-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-10T09:12:26","indexId":"sir20145002","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-10T09:05:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5002","title":"Assessment of conservation easements, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids in West Fork Beaver Creek, Minnesota, 1999-2012","docAbstract":"This study examined conservation easements and their effectiveness at reducing phosphorus and solids transport to streams. The U.S. Geological Survey cooperated with the Minnesota Board of Water and Soil Resources and worked collaboratively with the Hawk Creek Watershed Project to examine the West Fork Beaver Creek Basin in Renville County, which has the largest number of Reinvest In Minnesota land retirement contracts in the State (as of 2013). Among all conservation easement programs, a total of 24,218 acres of agricultural land were retired throughout Renville County, and 2,718 acres were retired in the West Fork Beaver Creek Basin from 1987 through 2012. Total land retirement increased steadily from 1987 until 2000. In 2000, land retirement increased sharply because of the Minnesota River Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program, then leveled off when the program ended in 2002.\n\nStreamflow data were collected during 1999 through 2011, and total phosphorus and total suspended solids data were collected during 1999 through 2012. During this period, the highest peak streamflow of 1,320 cubic feet per second was in March 2010. Total phosphorus and total suspended solids are constituents that tend to increase with increases in streamflow. Annual flow-weighted mean total-phosphorus concentrations ranged from 0.140 to 0.759 milligrams per liter, and annual flow-weighted mean total suspended solids concentrations ranged from 21.3 to 217 milligrams per liter. Annual flow-weighted mean total phosphorus and total suspended solids concentrations decreased steadily during the first 4 years of water-quality sample collection. A downward trend in flow-weighted mean total-phosphorus concentrations was significant from 1999 through 2008; however, flow-weighted total-phosphorus concentrations increased substantially in 2009, and the total phosphorus trend was no longer significant. The high annual flow-weighted mean concentrations for total phosphorus and total suspended solids in 2009 were affected by outlier concentrations documented in March 2009.\n\nAgricultural land-retirement data only were available through 2008; therefore, it was not possible to compare total phosphorus and total suspended solids concentrations to agricultural land-retirement data for 2009–11. A downward trend in annual flow-weighted mean total-phosphorus concentrations was related significantly to annual land retirement for 1999–2008. The relation between annual flow-weighted mean total suspended solids concentration and annual land retirement was not statistically significant for 1999–2008. If land-retirement data had been available for 2009–11, it is possible that the relation between total phosphorus and land retirement would no longer be evident because of the marked increase in flow-weighted concentrations during 2009. Alternatively, the increase in annual flow-weighted mean total-phosphorus concentrations during 2009–11 may be because of other factors, including industrial discharges, increases in drain tile installation, changes in land use including decreases in agricultural land retirement after 2008, increases in erosion, increases in phosphorus applications to fields, or unknown causes. Inclusion of land-retirement effects in agency planning along with other factors adds perspective with regard to the broader picture of interdependent systems and allows agencies to make informed decisions on the benefits of perpetual easements compared to limited duration easements.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145002","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Board of Water and Soil Resources","usgsCitation":"Christensen, V.G., and Kieta, K.A., 2014, Assessment of conservation easements, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids in West Fork Beaver Creek, Minnesota, 1999-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5002, Report: vi, 16 p.; Table 1-1, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145002.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 16 p.; Table 1-1","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"1999-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-025147","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282195,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145002.jpg"},{"id":282132,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5002/"},{"id":282192,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5002/pdf/sir2014-5002.pdf"},{"id":282193,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5002/downloads/Table1-1.xlsx"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 15","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"West Fork Beaver Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.5,44.5 ], [ -95.5,45.0 ], [ -94.5,45.0 ], [ -94.5,44.5 ], [ -95.5,44.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4e2be4b0b290850f1ef9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christensen, Victoria G. 0000-0003-4166-7461 vglenn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4166-7461","contributorId":2354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Victoria","email":"vglenn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kieta, Kristen A. kkieta@usgs.gov","contributorId":5524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kieta","given":"Kristen","email":"kkieta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":487985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70049032,"text":"ofr20131228 - 2014 - Active tensor magnetic gradiometer system final report for Project MM–1514","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-14T18:52:40.696917","indexId":"ofr20131228","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-07T17:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1228","title":"Active tensor magnetic gradiometer system final report for Project MM–1514","docAbstract":"An interactive computer simulation program, based on physical models of system sensors, platform geometry, Earth environment, and spheroidal magnetically-permeable targets, was developed to generate synthetic magnetic field data from a conceptual tensor magnetic gradiometer system equipped with an active primary field generator. The system sensors emulate the prototype tensor magnetic gradiometer system (TMGS) developed under a separate contract for unexploded ordnance (UXO) detection and classification. Time-series data from different simulation scenarios were analyzed to recover physical dimensions of the target source. Helbig-Euler simulations were run with rectangular and rod-like source bodies to determine whether such a system could separate the induced component of the magnetization from the remanent component for each target. This report concludes with an engineering assessment of a practical system design.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131228","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Defense Strategic Environmental R esearch and Development Program","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.V., Phillips, J.D., and Hutton, S.R., 2014, Active tensor magnetic gradiometer system final report for Project MM–1514: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1228, v, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131228.","productDescription":"v, 39 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049589","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282131,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131228.jpg"},{"id":282130,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1228/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4b17e4b0b290850f0259","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David V. 0000-0003-0426-4401 dvsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0426-4401","contributorId":1306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"dvsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Jeffrey D. 0000-0002-6459-2821 jeff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6459-2821","contributorId":1572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":486057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hutton, S. Raymond","contributorId":45627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutton","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Raymond","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70058455,"text":"sir20135226 - 2014 - Geochemistry of groundwater in the Beaver and Camas Creek drainage basins, eastern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-07T08:07:04","indexId":"sir20135226","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-07T07:40:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5226","title":"Geochemistry of groundwater in the Beaver and Camas Creek drainage basins, eastern Idaho","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, is studying the fate and transport of waste solutes in the eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) aquifer at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in eastern Idaho. This effort requires an understanding of the natural and anthropogenic geochemistry of groundwater at the INL and of the important physical and chemical processes controlling the geochemistry. In this study, the USGS applied geochemical modeling to investigate the geochemistry of groundwater in the Beaver and Camas Creek drainage basins, which provide groundwater recharge to the ESRP aquifer underlying the northeastern part of the INL.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Data used in this study include petrology and mineralogy from 2 sediment and 3 rock samples, and water-quality analyses from 4 surface-water and 18 groundwater samples. The mineralogy of the sediment and rock samples was analyzed with X-ray diffraction, and the mineralogy and petrology of the rock samples were examined in thin sections. The water samples were analyzed for field parameters, major ions, silica, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, trace elements, tritium, and the stable isotope ratios of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Groundwater geochemistry was influenced by reactions with rocks of the geologic terranes—carbonate rocks, rhyolite, basalt, evaporite deposits, and sediment comprised of all of these rocks. Agricultural practices near and south of Dubois and application of road anti-icing liquids on U.S. Interstate Highway 15 were likely sources of nitrate, chloride, calcium, and magnesium to groundwater.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Groundwater geochemistry was successfully modeled in the alluvial aquifer in Camas Meadows and the ESRP fractured basalt aquifer using the geochemical modeling code PHREEQC. The primary geochemical processes appear to be precipitation or dissolution of calcite and dissolution of silicate minerals. Dissolution of evaporite minerals, associated with Pleistocene Lake Terreton, is an important contributor of solutes in the Mud Lake-Dubois area. Oxidation-reduction reactions are important influences on the chemistry of groundwater at Camas Meadows and the Camas National Wildlife Refuge. In addition, mixing of different groundwaters or surface water with groundwater appears to be an important physical process influencing groundwater geochemistry in much of the study area, and evaporation may be an important physical process influencing the groundwater geochemistry of the Camas National Wildlife Refuge. The mass-balance modeling results from this study provide an explanation of the natural geochemistry of groundwater in the ESRP aquifer northeast of the INL, and thus provide a starting point for evaluating the natural and anthropogenic geochemistry of groundwater at the INL.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135226","collaboration":"DOE/ID-22227. Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Rattray, G.W., and Ginsbach, M.L., 2014, Geochemistry of groundwater in the Beaver and Camas Creek drainage basins, eastern Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5226, viii, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135226.","productDescription":"viii, 70 p.","numberOfPages":"82","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-037491","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135226.jpg"},{"id":282084,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5226/"},{"id":282085,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5226/pdf/sir2013-5226.pdf"}],"datum":"NAD 1927","country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Beaver Creek;Camas Creek;Camas National Wildlife Refuge;Eastern Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.2006,41.9922 ], [ -115.2006,45.3019 ], [ -110.3906,45.3019 ], [ -110.3906,41.9922 ], [ -115.2006,41.9922 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5b02e4b0b290850f9bca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattray, Gordon W. 0000-0002-1690-3218 grattray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1690-3218","contributorId":2521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattray","given":"Gordon","email":"grattray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ginsbach, Michael L.","contributorId":56972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsbach","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70074669,"text":"fs20143006 - 2014 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:56:56","indexId":"fs20143006","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-06T14:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3006","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for New York","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of New York, elevation data are critical for coastal zone management, natural resources conservation, agriculture and precision farming, flood risk management, infrastructure and construction management, water supply and quality, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.</p>\n<p>The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A&ndash;16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143006","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2014, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for New York: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3006, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143006.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052807","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial 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,{"id":70074056,"text":"fs20143005 - 2014 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T16:25:35","indexId":"fs20143005","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-06T14:06:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3005","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Maryland","docAbstract":"<p>Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Maryland, elevation data are critical for agriculture and precision farming, natural resources conservation such as the Chesapeake Bay and its watershed, flood risk management, urban and regional planning, infrastructure and construction management, water supply and quality, coastal zone management, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, Tribal, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.</p>\n<p>The National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 ifsar data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Office of Management and Budget Circular A&ndash;16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation&rsquo;s natural and constructed features.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143005","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., 2014, The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3005, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143005.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051742","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial 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,{"id":70071899,"text":"fs20133041 - 2014 - Arkansas StreamStats: a U.S. Geological Survey web map application for basin characteristics and streamflow statistics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-11T08:33:46","indexId":"fs20133041","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-05T11:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3041","title":"Arkansas StreamStats: a U.S. Geological Survey web map application for basin characteristics and streamflow statistics","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) provides streamflow and other related information needed by water-resource managers responsible for protecting people and property from floods, planning and managing water-resource activities, and protecting water quality. Streamflow statistics provided by the USGS, such as the 1-percent annual exceedance probability (100-year flood) and the 7-day 10-year low flow, are frequently used by engineers, flood forecasters, land managers, biologists, and others to guide their everyday decisions. Additionally, resource managers often need to know basin characteristics, the physical and climatic characteristics of a drainage basin, to help understand the mechanisms that control water availability, water quality, and aquatic habitats at various locations.</p>\n<p>Users of streamflow information often require streamflow statistics and basin characteristics at various locations along a stream. The USGS periodically calculates and publishes streamflow statistics and basin characteristics for streamflowgaging stations and partial-record stations, but these data commonly are scattered among many reports that may or may not be readily available to the public. The USGS also provides and periodically updates regional analyses of streamflow statistics that include regression equations and other prediction methods for estimating statistics for ungaged and unregulated streams across the State. Use of these regional predictions for a stream can be complex and often requires the user to determine a number of basin characteristics that may require interpretation. Basin characteristics may include drainage area, classifiers for physical properties, climatic characteristics, and other inputs. Obtaining these input values for gaged and ungaged locations traditionally has been time consuming, subjective, and can lead to inconsistent results.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133041","usgsCitation":"Pugh, A., 2014, Arkansas StreamStats: a U.S. Geological Survey web map application for basin characteristics and streamflow statistics: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3041, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133041.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-046169","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282009,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133041.jpg"},{"id":282008,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3041"},{"id":282011,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3041/pdf/fs2013-3041.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.6179,33.0041 ], [ -94.6179,36.4997 ], [ -89.6468,36.4997 ], [ -89.6468,33.0041 ], [ -94.6179,33.0041 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4debe4b0b290850f1c9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pugh, Aaron L. apugh@usgs.gov","contributorId":2480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pugh","given":"Aaron L.","email":"apugh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70049006,"text":"ofr20121024E - 2014 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Greater Green River Basin, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah, and Wyoming-Idaho-Utah Thrust Belt","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70049006,"text":"ofr20121024E - 2014 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Greater Green River Basin, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah, and Wyoming-Idaho-Utah Thrust Belt","indexId":"ofr20121024E","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Greater Green River Basin, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah, and Wyoming-Idaho-Utah Thrust Belt"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70093199,"text":"ofr20121024 - 2012 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources","indexId":"ofr20121024","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70093199,"text":"ofr20121024 - 2012 - Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources","indexId":"ofr20121024","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-21T11:37:38","indexId":"ofr20121024E","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-05T08:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2012-1024","chapter":"E","title":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Greater Green River Basin, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah, and Wyoming-Idaho-Utah Thrust Belt","docAbstract":"<p>The 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act (Public Law 110&ndash;140) directs the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to conduct a national assessment of potential geologic storage resources for carbon dioxide (CO2). The methodology used by the USGS for the national CO2 assessment follows up on previous USGS work. The methodology is non-economic and intended to be used at regional to subbasinal scales. This report identifies and contains geologic descriptions of 14 storage assessment units (SAUs) in Ordovician to Upper Cretaceous sedimentary rocks within the Greater Green River Basin (GGRB) of Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah, and eight SAUs in Ordovician to Upper Cretaceous sedimentary rocks within the Wyoming-Idaho-Utah Thrust Belt (WIUTB). The GGRB and WIUTB are contiguous with nearly identical geologic units; however, the GGRB is larger in size, whereas the WIUTB is more structurally complex. This report focuses on the characteristics, specified in the methodology, that influence the potential CO2 storage resource in the SAUs. Specific descriptions of the SAU boundaries, as well as their sealing and reservoir units, are included. Properties for each SAU, such as depth to top, gross thickness, porosity, permeability, groundwater quality, and structural reservoir traps, are typically provided to illustrate geologic factors critical to the assessment. This geologic information was employed, as specified in the USGS methodology, to calculate a probabilistic distribution of potential storage resources in each SAU. Figures in this report show SAU boundaries and cell maps of well penetrations through sealing units into the top of the storage formations. The cell maps show the number of penetrating wells within one square mile and are derived from interpretations of variably attributed well data and a digital compilation that is known not to include all drilling.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources (Open-File Report 2012-1024)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20121024E","usgsCitation":"Buursink, M.L., Slucher, E.R., Brennan, S.T., Doolan, C., Drake, R.M., Merrill, M., Warwick, P.D., Blondes, M., Freeman, P., Cahan, S.M., DeVera, C.A., and Lohr, C., 2014, Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources: Greater Green River Basin, Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah, and Wyoming-Idaho-Utah Thrust Belt: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2012-1024, Report: viii, 50 p.; Data Downloads, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121024E.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 50 p.; Data Downloads","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045140","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281986,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20121024E.jpg"},{"id":281982,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1024/e/","text":"Index Page","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":281984,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1024/e/downloads/Cell_C5036_C5037.zip","text":"Well Density","description":"Well Density"},{"id":281985,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1024/e/downloads/SAU_C5036_C5037.zip","text":"Storage Assessment Units","description":"Storage Assessment Units"},{"id":281983,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1024/e/pdf/of2012-1024e.pdf","text":"Report","size":"14.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Idaho, Utah, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.9619140625,\n              43.40903821777055\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.41259765625,\n              43.41302868475145\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.2041015625,\n              42.577354839557856\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.6822509765625,\n              42.589488572714245\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.9793701171875,\n              42.3016903282445\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.907958984375,\n              41.21172151054787\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.270751953125,\n              39.71986348549764\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.666259765625,\n              39.690280594818034\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.599853515625,\n              40.534676780615406\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.039306640625,\n              40.90936126702326\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.9619140625,\n              40.805493843894155\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.6707763671875,\n              42.32200108060303\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.9619140625,\n              43.40903821777055\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publicComments":"This report is Chapter E in <i>Geologic framework for the national assessment of carbon dioxide storage resources</i>. 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,{"id":70046873,"text":"70046873 - 2014 - Reconstructing disturbances and their biogeochemical consequences over multiple timescales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-14T10:46:31","indexId":"70046873","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-04T14:46:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconstructing disturbances and their biogeochemical consequences over multiple timescales","docAbstract":"Ongoing changes in disturbance regimes are predicted to cause acute changes in ecosystem structure and function in the coming decades, but many aspects of these predictions are uncertain. A key challenge is to improve the predictability of postdisturbance biogeochemical trajectories at the ecosystem level. Ecosystem ecologists and paleoecologists have generated complementary data sets about disturbance (type, severity, frequency) and ecosystem response (net primary productivity, nutrient cycling) spanning decadal to millennial timescales. Here, we take the first steps toward a full integration of these data sets by reviewing how disturbances are reconstructed using dendrochronological and sedimentary archives and by summarizing the conceptual frameworks for carbon, nitrogen, and hydrologic responses to disturbances. Key research priorities include further development of paleoecological techniques that reconstruct both disturbances and terrestrial ecosystem dynamics. In addition, mechanistic detail from disturbance experiments, long-term observations, and chronosequences can help increase the understanding of ecosystem resilience.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"BioScience","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Biological Sciences","doi":"10.1093/biosci/bit017","usgsCitation":"McLauchlan, K.K., Higuera, P., Gavin, D.G., Perakis, S., Mack, M., Alexander, H., Battles, J., Biondi, F., Buma, B., Colombaroli, D., Enders, S.K., Engstrom, D.R., Hu, F., Marlon, J.R., Marshall, J., McGlone, M., Morris, J.L., Nave, L.E., Shuman, B., Smithwick, E.A., Urrego, D.H., Wardle, D.A., Williams, C.J., and Williams, J.J., 2014, Reconstructing disturbances and their biogeochemical consequences over multiple timescales: BioScience, v. 64, no. 2, p. 105-116, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/bit017.","productDescription":"12 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J.","contributorId":77045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Williams, Joseph J.","contributorId":56149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":480526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24}]}}
,{"id":70055700,"text":"sir20135147 - 2014 - External quality-assurance project report for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network and Mercury Deposition Network, 2009-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-04T12:50:44","indexId":"sir20135147","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-04T12:01:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5147","title":"External quality-assurance project report for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network and Mercury Deposition Network, 2009-2010","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey operated six distinct programs to provide external quality-assurance monitoring for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NTN) and Mercury Deposition Network (MDN) during 2009–2010. The field-audit program assessed the effects of onsite exposure, sample handling, and shipping on the chemistry of NTN samples; a system-blank program assessed the same effects for MDN. Two interlaboratory-comparison programs assessed the bias and variability of the chemical analysis data from the Central Analytical Laboratory (CAL) and Mercury (Hg) Analytical Laboratory (HAL). The blind-audit program was also implemented for the MDN to evaluate analytical bias in total Hg concentration data produced by the HAL. The co-located-sampler program was used to identify and quantify potential shifts in NADP data resulting from replacement of original network instrumentation with new electronic recording rain gages (E-gages) and precipitation collectors that use optical sensors.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The results indicate that NADP data continue to be of sufficient quality for the analysis of spatial distributions and time trends of chemical constituents in wet deposition across the United States. Results also suggest that retrofit of the NADP networks with the new precipitation collectors could cause –8 to +14 percent shifts in NADP annual precipitation-weighted mean concentrations and total deposition values for ammonium, nitrate, sulfate, and hydrogen ion, and larger shifts (+13 to +74 percent) for calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and chloride. The prototype N-CON Systems bucket collector is more efficient in the catch of precipitation in winter than Aerochem Metrics Model 301 collector, especially for light snowfall.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135147","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Illinois, Prairie Research Institute, Illinois State Water Survey, NADP Program Office","usgsCitation":"Wetherbee, G.A., Martin, R., Rhodes, M.F., and Chesney, T.A., 2014, External quality-assurance project report for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network and Mercury Deposition Network, 2009-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5147, ix, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135147.","productDescription":"ix, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2009-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-041706","costCenters":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281960,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135147.jpg"},{"id":281958,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5147/"},{"id":281959,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5147/pdf/sir2013-5147.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd58dde4b0b290850f85e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wetherbee, Gregory A. 0000-0002-6720-2294 wetherbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6720-2294","contributorId":1044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetherbee","given":"Gregory","email":"wetherbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, RoseAnn ramartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":5367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"RoseAnn","email":"ramartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":143,"text":"Branch of Quality Systems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rhodes, Mark F.","contributorId":17360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhodes","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chesney, Tanya A.","contributorId":71091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesney","given":"Tanya","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70059052,"text":"sir20135233 - 2014 - Estimation of potential scour at bridges on local government roads in South Dakota, 2009-12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:13:49","indexId":"sir20135233","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-04T10:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5233","title":"Estimation of potential scour at bridges on local government roads in South Dakota, 2009-12","docAbstract":"<p>In 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey and South Dakota Department of Transportation (SDDOT) began a study to estimate potential scour at selected bridges on local government (county, township, and municipal) roads in South Dakota. A rapid scour-estimation method (level-1.5) and a more detailed method (level-2) were used to develop estimates of contraction, abutment, and pier scour.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Data from 41 level-2 analyses completed for this study were combined with data from level-2 analyses completed in previous studies to develop new South Dakota-specific regression equations: four regional equations for main-channel velocity at the bridge contraction to account for the widely varying stream conditions within South Dakota, and one equation for head change. Velocity data from streamgages also were used in the regression for average velocity through the bridge contraction.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Using these new regression equations, scour analyses were completed using the level-1.5 method on 361 bridges on local government roads. Typically, level-1.5 analyses are completed at flows estimated to have annual exceedance probabilities of 1 percent (100-year flood) and 0.2 percent (500-year flood); however, at some sites the bridge would not pass these flows. A level-1.5 analysis was then completed at the flow expected to produce the maximum scour. Data presented for level-1.5 scour analyses at the 361 bridges include contraction, abutment, and pier scour. Estimates of potential contraction scour ranged from 0 to 32.5 feet for the various flows evaluated. Estimated potential abutment scour ranged from 0 to 40.9 feet for left abutments, and from 0 to 37.7 feet for right abutments. Pier scour values ranged from 2.7 to 31.6 feet. The scour depth estimates provided in this report can be used by the SDDOT to compare with foundation depths at each bridge to determine if abutments or piers are at risk of being undermined by scour at the flows evaluated.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Replicate analyses were completed at 24 of the 361 bridges to provide quality-assurance/quality-control measures for the level-1.5 scour estimates. An attempt was made to use the same flows among replicate analyses. Scour estimates do not necessarily have to be in numerical agreement to give the same results. For example, if contraction scour replicate analyses are 18.8 and 30.8 feet, both scour depths can indicate susceptibility to scour for which countermeasures may be needed, even though one number is much greater than the other number. Contraction scour has perhaps the greatest potential for being estimated differently in replicate visits. For contraction scour estimates at the various flows analyzed, differences between results ranged from -7.8 to 5.5 feet, with a median difference of 0.4 foot and an average difference of 0.2 foot. Abutment scour appeared to be nearly as reproducible as contraction scour. For abutment scour estimates at the varying flows analyzed, differences between results ranged from -17.4 to 11 feet, with a median difference of 1.4 feet and an average difference of 1.7 feet. Estimates of pier scour tended to be the most consistently reproduced in replicate visits, with differences between results ranging from -0.3 to 0.5 foot, with a median difference of 0.0 foot and an average difference of 0.0 foot.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Hydraulics Engineering Center River Analysis Systems (HEC-RAS) software package was used to model stream hydraulics at the 41 sites with level-2 analyses. Level-1.5 analyses also were completed at these sites, and the performance of the level-1.5 method was assessed by comparing results to those from the more rigorous level-2 method. The envelope curve approach used in the level-1.5 method is designed to overestimate scour relative to the estimate from the level-2 scour analysis. In cases where the level-1.5 method estimated less scour than the level-2 method, the amount of underestimation generally was less than 3 feet. The level-1.5 method generally overestimated contraction, abutment, and pier scour relative to the level-2 method, as intended. Although the level-1.5 method is designed to overestimate scour relative to more involved analysis methods, many assumptions, uncertainties, and estimations are involved. If the envelope curves are adjusted such that the level-1.5 method never underestimates scour relative to the level-2 method, an accompanying result may be excessive overestimation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135233","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Dakota Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Thompson, R.F., Wattier, C.M., Liggett, R.R., and Truax, R.A., 2014, Estimation of potential scour at bridges on local government roads in South Dakota, 2009-12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5233, Report: vi, 24 p.; 4 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135233.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 24 p.; 4 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-044841","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135233.jpg"},{"id":281953,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5233/downloads/Appendix_4.xls"},{"id":281950,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5233/"},{"id":281951,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5233/downloads/Appendix2"},{"id":281952,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5233/downloads/Appendix_3.xls"},{"id":281955,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5233/pdf/sir2013-5233.pdf"},{"id":281956,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5233/downloads/Appendix_1.xls"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.73,42.24 ], [ -104.73,46.19 ], [ -95.99,46.19 ], [ -95.99,42.24 ], [ -104.73,42.24 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5825e4b0b290850f7e91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, Ryan F. 0000-0002-4544-6108 rcthomps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4544-6108","contributorId":2702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Ryan","email":"rcthomps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wattier, Chelsea M.","contributorId":7993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wattier","given":"Chelsea","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liggett, Richard R.","contributorId":73105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liggett","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Truax, Ryan A.","contributorId":63305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truax","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70058742,"text":"fs20133117 - 2014 - Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-04T10:15:03","indexId":"fs20133117","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-04T10:11:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3117","title":"Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Records","docAbstract":"Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Records (CDRs) are high level Landsat data products that support land surface change studies. Climate Data Records, as defined by the National Research Council, are a time series of measurements with sufficient length, consistency, and continuity to identify climate variability and change. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is using the valuable 40-year Landsat archive to create CDRs that can be used to document changes to Earth’s terrestrial environment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133117","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2014, Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Records: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3117, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133117.","productDescription":"1 p.","numberOfPages":"1","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052442","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281949,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133117.jpg"},{"id":281946,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3117/"},{"id":281948,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3117/pdf/fs2013-3117.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd63f8e4b0b290850ff285","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70058731,"text":"sir20135221 - 2014 - Water-quality variability and constituent transport and processes in streams of Johnson County, Kansas, using continuous monitoring and regression models, 2003-11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-04T10:08:49","indexId":"sir20135221","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-04T09:50:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5221","title":"Water-quality variability and constituent transport and processes in streams of Johnson County, Kansas, using continuous monitoring and regression models, 2003-11","docAbstract":"<p>The population of Johnson County, Kansas increased by about 24 percent between 2000 and 2012, making it one of the most rapidly developing areas of Kansas. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Johnson County Stormwater Management Program, began a comprehensive study of Johnson County streams in 2002 to evaluate and monitor changes in stream quality. The purpose of this report is to describe water-quality variability and constituent transport for streams representing the five largest watersheds in Johnson County, Kansas during 2003 through 2011. The watersheds ranged in urban development from 98.3 percent urban (Indian Creek) to 16.7 percent urban (Kill Creek). Water-quality conditions are quantified among the watersheds of similar size (50.1 square miles to 65.7 square miles) using continuous, in-stream measurements, and using regression models developed from continuous and discrete data. These data are used to quantify variability in concentrations and loads during changing streamflow and seasonal conditions, describe differences among sites, and assess water quality relative to water-quality standards and stream management goals.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Water quality varied relative to streamflow conditions, urbanization in the upstream watershed, and contributions from wastewater treatment facilities and storm runoff. Generally, as percent impervious surface (a measure of urbanization) increased, streamflow yield increased. Water temperature of Indian Creek, the most urban site which is also downstream from wastewater facility discharges, was higher than the other sites about 50 percent of the time, particularly during winter months. Dissolved oxygen concentrations were less than the Kansas Department of Health and Environment minimum criterion of 5 milligrams per liter about 15 percent of the time at the Indian Creek site. Dissolved oxygen concentrations were less than the criterion about 10 percent of the time at the rural Blue River and Kill Creek sites, and less than 5 percent of the time at the other sites. Low dissolved oxygen at all sites generally coincided with lowest streamflow and warmer water temperatures. Hourly dissolved oxygen concentrations less than 5 milligrams per liter were measured at all sites every year, indicating that even under normal climate conditions in non-urban watersheds such as Kill Creek, dissolved oxygen concentrations may not meet State aquatic-life criterion.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Specific conductance was nearly always highest in Indian and Mill Creeks, which were the most urban streams with the largest upstream discharges from wastewater treatment facilities. The largest chloride concentrations and variability were recorded at urban sites and during winter. Each winter during the study period, chloride concentrations in the most urban site, Indian Creek, exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-recommended criterion of 230 milligrams per liter for at least 10 consecutive days.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-recommended ecoregion criterion for turbidity was exceeded 30 (Indian Creek) to 50 (Blue River) percent of the time. The highest average annual streamflow-weighted suspendedsediment concentration during the study period was in Mill Creek, which has undergone rapid development that likely contributed to higher sediment concentrations. One of the largest suspended-sediment load events in Indian Creek was recorded in early May 2007 when about 25 percent of the total annual sediment load was transported during a period of about 2.25 days. A simultaneous load event was recorded in Kill Creek, when about 75 percent of the total annual sediment load was transported. Sediment yields generally increased as percent impervious surface increased.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Computed hourly total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations and yields and streamflow-weighted concentrations generally were largest in Indian and Mill Creeks. Annual percent contribution of total nitrogen in the Blue River from wastewater treatment facility discharges ranged from 19 percent in 2010 to 60 percent in 2006. Annual percent contribution of total nitrogen in Indian Creek from wastewater treatment facility discharges ranged from 35 percent in 2010 to 93 percent in 2006. The largest percent nutrient contributions from wastewater discharges coincided with the smallest annual precipitation and streamflow volume, resulting in less contribution originating from runoff.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Fecal indicator bacteria <i>Escherichia coli</i> density at the urban Indian Creek site was usually the largest of the five monitoring sites, with an annual median density that consistently exceeded the State primary contact criterion value but was less than the secondary contact criterion. Less than 1 percent of the total annual bacteria load in the Blue River and Indian Creek originated from wastewater discharges, except during 2006 when about 6 percent of the Indian Creek load originated from wastewater.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Continuous water-quality monitoring provides a foundation for comprehensive evaluation and understanding of variability and loading characteristics in streams in Johnson County. Because several directly measured parameters are strongly correlated with particular constituents of interest, regression models provide a valuable tool for evaluating variability and loading on the basis of computed continuous data. Continuous data are particularly useful for characterizing nonpoint-source contributions from stormwater runoff. Transmission of continuous data in real-time makes it possible to rapidly detect and respond to potential environmental concerns. As monitoring technologies continue to improve, so does the ability to monitor additional constituents of interest, with smaller measurement error, and at lower operational cost. Continuous water-quality data including model information and computed concentrations and loads during the study period are available at <a href=\"http://nrtwq.usgs.gov/ks/\" target=\"_blank\">http://nrtwq.usgs.gov/ks/</a>.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135221","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Johnson County Stormwater Management Program","usgsCitation":"Rasmussen, T., and Gatotho, J., 2014, Water-quality variability and constituent transport and processes in streams of Johnson County, Kansas, using continuous monitoring and regression models, 2003-11: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5221, vi, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135221.","productDescription":"vi, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2003-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-049314","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281945,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135221.jpg"},{"id":281941,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5221/"},{"id":281944,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5221/pdf/sir2013-5221.pdf"}],"projection":"Albers Conic Equal-Area Projection","datum":"NAD 83","country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Johnson County","otherGeospatial":"Blue River;Indian Creek;Kill Creek;Mill Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.1699,38.6994 ], [ -95.1699,39.1002 ], [ -94.4996,39.1002 ], [ -94.4996,38.6994 ], [ -95.1699,38.6994 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7d33e4b0b2908510f3bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rasmussen, Teresa","contributorId":101993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Teresa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gatotho, Jackline","contributorId":103582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gatotho","given":"Jackline","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70058497,"text":"ofr20131168 - 2014 - Evaluation of aerial thermal infrared remote sensing to identify groundwater-discharge zones in the Meduxnekeag River, Houlton, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-04T09:46:16","indexId":"ofr20131168","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-04T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-1168","title":"Evaluation of aerial thermal infrared remote sensing to identify groundwater-discharge zones in the Meduxnekeag River, Houlton, Maine","docAbstract":"<p>Residents of the area near Houlton, Maine, have observed seasonal episodic blooms of algae and documented elevated concentrations of fecal-coliform bacteria and inorganic nutrients and low dissolved oxygen concentrations in the Meduxnekeag River. Although point and nonpoint sources of urban and agricultural runoff likely contribute to water-quality impairment, the role of shallow groundwater inflows in delivering such contaminants to the Meduxnekeag River has not been well understood.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>To provide information about possible groundwater inflows to the river, airborne thermal infrared videography was evaluated as a means to identify and classify thermal anomalies in a 25-mile reach of the mainstem and tributaries of the Meduxnekeag River near Houlton, Maine. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians, collected thermal infrared images from a single-engine, fixed-wing aircraft during flights on December 3–4, 2003, and November 26, 2004.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Eleven thermal anomalies were identified on the basis of data from the December 2003 flight and 17 from the November 2004 flight, which covered the same reaches of stream. Following image analysis, characterization, and prioritization, the georeferenced infrared images of the thermal anomalies were compared to features on topographic maps of the study area. The mapped anomalies were used to direct observations on the ground to confirm discharge locations and types of inflow. The variations in grayscale patterns on the images were thus confirmed as representing shallow groundwater-discharge zones (seeps), outfalls of treated wastewater, or ditches draining runoff from impervious surfaces.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20131168","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians","usgsCitation":"Culbertson, C.W., Huntington, T.G., Caldwell, J.M., and O’Donnell, C., 2014, Evaluation of aerial thermal infrared remote sensing to identify groundwater-discharge zones in the Meduxnekeag River, Houlton, Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1168, v, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20131168.","productDescription":"v, 21 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-032616","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281943,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20131168.jpg"},{"id":281940,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1168"},{"id":281942,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1168/pdf/ofr2013-1168.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Maine","city":"Houlton","otherGeospatial":"Meduxnekeag River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -68.201752,45.849369 ], [ -68.201752,46.401882 ], [ -67.649002,46.401882 ], [ -67.649002,45.849369 ], [ -68.201752,45.849369 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5850e4b0b290850f8044","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Culbertson, Charles W. cculbert@usgs.gov","contributorId":1607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culbertson","given":"Charles","email":"cculbert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Huntington, Thomas G. 0000-0002-9427-3530 thunting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":1884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Thomas","email":"thunting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Caldwell, James M. 0000-0001-5880-443X jmcald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5880-443X","contributorId":1882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"James","email":"jmcald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Donnell, Cara","contributorId":79800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Cara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70073561,"text":"sir20145009 - 2014 - Effects of land use, stream habitat, and water quality on biological communities of wadeable streams in the Illinois River Basin of Arkansas, 2011 and 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-04T09:23:47","indexId":"sir20145009","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-03T12:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5009","title":"Effects of land use, stream habitat, and water quality on biological communities of wadeable streams in the Illinois River Basin of Arkansas, 2011 and 2012","docAbstract":"<p>The Illinois River Basin includes an area of diverse land use in northwestern Arkansas. Land-use data collected in 2006 indicate that most of the land in the basin is agricultural. The agricultural land is used primarily for production of poultry and cattle.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Eighteen sites were selected from the list of candidate sites based on drainage area, land use, presence or absence of an upstream wastewater-treatment plant, water quality, and other information gathered during the reconnaissance. An important consideration in the process was to select sites along gradients of forest to urban land use and forest to agricultural land use. Water-quality samples were collected for analysis of nutrients, and a multiparameter field meter was used to measure water temperature, specific conductance, pH, and dissolved oxygen. Streamflow was measured immediately following the water-quality sampling. Macroalgae coverage was estimated and periphyton, macroinvertebrate, and fish communities were sampled at each site. Stream habitat also was assessed.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Many types of land-use, water-quality, and habitat factors affected one or more aspects of the biological communities. Several macroinvertebrate and fish metrics changed in response to changes in percent forest; sites that would be considered most disturbed, based on these metrics, are sites with the highest percentages of urban land use in their associated basins.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The presence of large mats of macroalgae was one of the most noticeable biological characteristics in several streams within the Illinois River Basin. The highest macroalgae percent cover values were recorded at four sites downstream from wastewater-treatment plants. Macroalgae percent cover was strongly correlated only with bed substrate size, canopy closure, and specific conductance.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Periphyton metrics were most often and most strongly correlated with riparian shading, specific conductance, substrate turbidity, percent agriculture, poultry house density, and unpaved road density; some of these factors were strongly correlated with percent forest, percent urban, or percent agriculture. Total biovolume of periphyton was not strongly correlated with any of the land use, habitat, or water-quality factors assessed in the present study. Although algal growth typically increases with higher nutrient concentrations and less shading, the standing crop of periphyton on rocks can be reduced by herbivorous macroinvertebrates and fish, which may explain why total biovolume in Ozark streams was not strongly affected by water-quality (or other habitat) factors.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>A macroinvertebrate index and several macroinvertebrate metrics were adversely affected by increasing urban and agricultural land use and associated environmental factors. Factors most commonly affecting the index and metrics included factors associated with water quality, stream geometry, sediment, land-use percentages, and road density. In general, the macroinvertebrate index was higher (indicative of least disturbance) at sites with greater percentages of forest in their basins, lower percentages of urban land in their basins, and lower paved road density. Upstream wastewater-treatment plants affected several metrics. For example, three of the five lowest macroinvertebrate index scores, two of the five lowest percent predator values, and two of the five highest percent gatherer-collector values were at sites downstream from wastewater-treatment plants.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The Ozark Highlands fish index of biotic integrity and several fish metrics were adversely affected by increasing urban and agricultural land use and associated factors. Factors affecting these metrics included factors associated with nutrients, sediment, and shading. In general, the fish index of biotic integrity was higher at sites with higher percentages of forest in their basins, lower percentages of urban land in their basins, higher unpaved road density, and lower paved and total road density. Upstream wastewater-treatment plants seemed to affect some fish community metrics substantially but had little effect on other metrics. For example, three of the five lowest relative abundances of lithophilic spawner minus stonerollers and four of the five highest stoneroller abundances were at sites downstream from wastewater-treatment plants.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Interpretations of the results of the study described in this report are limited by a number of factors. These factors individually and collectively add to uncertainty and variability in the responses to various environmental stresses. Notwithstanding the limiting factors, the biological responses of macroalgae cover and periphyton, macroinvertebrate, and fish metrics to environmental variables provide multiple lines of evidence that biological communities of these streams are affected by recent and ongoing land-use practices.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>For several biological metrics there appears to be a threshold of about 40 to 50 percent forest where values of these metrics change in magnitude. However, the four sites with more than 50 percent forest in their basins were the four sites sampled in late May–early June of 2012 (rather than July–August of 2011). The relative influence of season and forest percentage on the biological communities at these sites is unknown.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145009","issn":"2328-032","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Illinois River Watershed Partnership","usgsCitation":"Petersen, J., Justus, B., and Meredith, B.J., 2014, Effects of land use, stream habitat, and water quality on biological communities of wadeable streams in the Illinois River Basin of Arkansas, 2011 and 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5009, viii, 89 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145009.","productDescription":"viii, 89 p.","numberOfPages":"101","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-052375","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281886,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5009/"},{"id":281888,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145009.jpg"},{"id":281887,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5009/pdf/sir2014-5009.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Illinois River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.666667,35.75 ], [ -94.666667,36.5 ], [ -94.0,36.5 ], [ -94.0,35.75 ], [ -94.666667,35.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd56d7e4b0b290850f72ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, James C. petersen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"James C.","email":"petersen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":488922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Justus, B. G. 0000-0002-3458-9656 bjustus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3458-9656","contributorId":2052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Justus","given":"B. G.","email":"bjustus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":488921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meredith, Bradley J. bmeredith@usgs.gov","contributorId":5515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meredith","given":"Bradley","email":"bmeredith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":488923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70057875,"text":"sir20135205 - 2014 - Suspended-sediment concentrations, loads, total suspended solids, turbidity, and particle-size fractions for selected rivers in Minnesota, 2007 through 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-03T11:49:59","indexId":"sir20135205","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-03T11:44:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5205","title":"Suspended-sediment concentrations, loads, total suspended solids, turbidity, and particle-size fractions for selected rivers in Minnesota, 2007 through 2011","docAbstract":"Sediment-laden rivers and streams pose substantial environmental and economic challenges. Excessive sediment transport in rivers causes problems for flood control, soil conservation, irrigation, aquatic health, and navigation, and transports harmful contaminants like organic chemicals and eutrophication-causing nutrients. In Minnesota, more than 5,800 miles of streams are identified as impaired by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) due to elevated levels of suspended sediment.\n\nThe U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the MPCA, established a sediment monitoring network in 2007 and began systematic sampling of suspended-sediment concentrations (SSC), total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity in rivers across Minnesota to improve the understanding of fluvial sediment transport relations. Suspended-sediment samples collected from 14 sites from 2007 through 2011 indicated that the Zumbro River at Kellogg in the driftless region of southeast Minnesota had the highest mean SSC of 226 milligrams per liter (mg/L) followed by the Minnesota River at Mankato with a mean SSC of 193 mg/L. During the 2011 spring runoff, the single highest SSC of 1,250 mg/L was measured at the Zumbro River. The lowest mean SSC of 21 mg/L was measured at Rice Creek in the northern Minneapolis- St. Paul metropolitan area.\n\nTotal suspended solids (TSS) have been used as a measure of fluvial sediment by the MPCA since the early 1970s; however, TSS concentrations have been determined to underrepresent the amount of suspended sediment. Because of this, the MPCA was interested in quantifying the differences between SSC and TSS in different parts of the State. Comparisons between concurrently sampled SSC and TSS indicated significant differences at every site, with SSC on average two times larger than TSS concentrations. The largest percent difference between SSC and TSS was measured at the South Branch Buffalo River at Sabin, and the smallest difference was observed at the Des Moines River at Jackson.\n\nRegression analysis indicated that 7 out of 14 sites had poor or no relation between SSC and streamflow. Only two sites, the Knife River and the Wild Rice River at Twin Valley, had strong correlations between SSC and streamflow, with coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) values of 0.82 and 0.80, respectively. In contrast, turbidity had moderate to strong relations with SSC at 10 of 14 sites and was superior to streamflow for estimating SSC at all sites. These results indicate that turbidity may be beneficial as a surrogate for SSC in many of Minnesota’s rivers.\n\nSuspended-sediment loads and annual basin yields indicated that the Minnesota River had the largest average annual sediment load of 1.8 million tons per year and the largest mean annual sediment basin yield of 120 tons of sediment per year per square mile. Annual TSS loads were considerably lower than suspended-sediment loads. Overall, the largest suspended-sediment and TSS loads were transported during spring snowmelt runoff, although loads during the fall and summer seasons occasionally exceeded spring runoff at some sites.\n\nThis study provided data from which to characterize suspended sediment across Minnesota’s diverse geographical settings. The data analysis improves understanding of sediment transport relations, provides information for improving sediment budgets, and documents baseline data to aid in understanding the effects of future land use/land cover on water quality. Additionally, the data provides insight from which to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of best management practices at the watershed scale.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135205","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Ellison, C.A., Savage, B.E., and Johnson, G.D., 2014, Suspended-sediment concentrations, loads, total suspended solids, turbidity, and particle-size fractions for selected rivers in Minnesota, 2007 through 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5205, vii, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135205.","productDescription":"vii, 56 p.","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-044991","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281884,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135205.jpg"},{"id":281882,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5205/"},{"id":281883,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5205/pdf/sir2013-5205.pdf"}],"datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -97.24,43.5 ], [ -97.24,49.38 ], [ -89.49,49.38 ], [ -89.49,43.5 ], [ -97.24,43.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7626e4b0b2908510ab4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellison, Christopher A. 0000-0002-5886-6654 cellison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5886-6654","contributorId":4891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellison","given":"Christopher","email":"cellison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Savage, Brett E. besavage@usgs.gov","contributorId":5188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"Brett","email":"besavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Gregory D.","contributorId":46349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70055725,"text":"sir20135194 - 2014 - Simulation and validation of larval sucker dispersal and retention through the restored Williamson River Delta and Upper Klamath Lake system, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-03T10:53:34","indexId":"sir20135194","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-03T10:52:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5194","title":"Simulation and validation of larval sucker dispersal and retention through the restored Williamson River Delta and Upper Klamath Lake system, Oregon","docAbstract":"A hydrodynamic model with particle tracking was used to create individual-based simulations to describe larval fish dispersal through the restored Williamson River Delta and into Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. The model was verified by converting particle ages to larval lengths and comparing these lengths to lengths of larvae in net catches. Correlations of simulated lengths with field data were moderate and suggested a species-specific difference in model performance. Particle trajectories through the delta were affected by wind speed and direction, lake elevation, and shoreline configuration. Once particles entered the lake, transport was a function of current speed and whether behavior enhanced transport (swimming aligned with currents) or countered transport through greater dispersal (faster random swimming). We tested sensitivity to swim speed (higher speeds led to greater dispersal and more retention), shoreline configuration (restoration increased retention relative to pre-restoration conditions), and lake elevation (retention was maximized at an intermediate elevation). The simulations also highlight additional biological questions, such as the extent to which spatially heterogeneous mortality or fish behavior and environmental cues could interact with wind-driven currents and contribute to patterns of dispersal.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135194","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Wood, T.M., Hendrixson, H.A., Markle, D.F., Erdman, C.S., Burdick, S.M., and Ellsworth, C.M., 2014, Simulation and validation of larval sucker dispersal and retention through the restored Williamson River Delta and Upper Klamath Lake system, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5194, Report: v, 33 p.; Appendix A, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135194.","productDescription":"Report: v, 33 p.; Appendix A","numberOfPages":"41","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045337","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281864,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5194/section9.html"},{"id":281862,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5194/"},{"id":281863,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5194/pdf/sir2013-5194.pdf"},{"id":281865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135194.PNG"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Lake;Williamson River Delta","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.166667,42.166667 ], [ -122.166667,42.583333 ], [ -121.666667,42.583333 ], [ -121.666667,42.166667 ], [ -122.166667,42.166667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd72d5e4b0b290851088ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Tamara M. 0000-0001-6057-8080 tmwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-8080","contributorId":1164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Tamara","email":"tmwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hendrixson, Heather A.","contributorId":43602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendrixson","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Markle, Douglas F.","contributorId":14530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markle","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Erdman, Charles S.","contributorId":66102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erdman","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burdick, Summer M. 0000-0002-3480-5793 sburdick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-5793","contributorId":3448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"Summer","email":"sburdick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ellsworth, Craig M.","contributorId":14913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70048917,"text":"ds69CC - 2014 - National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project: geologic assessment of undiscovered gas hydrate resources on the North Slope, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-23T17:45:51.242","indexId":"ds69CC","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-03T10:22:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"69","chapter":"CC","title":"National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project: geologic assessment of undiscovered gas hydrate resources on the North Slope, Alaska","docAbstract":"Scientists with the U.S. Geological Survey have completed the first assessment of the undiscovered, technically recoverable gas hydrate resources beneath the North Slope of Alaska. This assessment indicates the existence of technically recoverable gas hydrate resources—that is, resources that can be discovered, developed, and produced using current technology.\n\nThe approach used in this assessment followed standard geology-based USGS methodologies developed to assess conventional oil and gas resources. In order to use the USGS conventional assessment approach on gas hydrate resources, three-dimensional industry-acquired seismic data were analyzed. The analyses indicated that the gas hydrates on the North Slope occupy limited, discrete volumes of rock bounded by faults and downdip water contacts. This assessment approach also assumes that the resource can be produced by existing conventional technology, on the basis of limited field testing and numerical production models of gas hydrate-bearing reservoirs.\n\nThe area assessed in northern Alaska extends from the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska on the west through the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge on the east and from the Brooks Range northward to the State-Federal offshore boundary (located 3 miles north of the coastline). This area consists mostly of Federal, State, and Native lands covering 55,894 square miles. Using the standard geology-based assessment methodology, the USGS estimated that the total undiscovered technically recoverable natural-gas resources in gas hydrates in northern Alaska range between 25.2 and 157.8 trillion cubic feet, representing 95 percent and 5 percent probabilities of greater than these amounts, respectively, with a mean estimate of 85.4 trillion cubic feet.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds69CC","collaboration":"Available on CD-ROM contact Energy Team CD Distribution","usgsCitation":"USGS AK Gas Hydrate Assessment Team: Collett, T.S., Agena, W.F., Lee, M.W., Lewis, K.A., Zyrianova, M.V., Bird, K.J., Charpentier, R., Cook, T.A., Houseknecht, D.W., Klett, T., and Pollastro, R.M., 2014, National Assessment of Oil and Gas Project: geologic assessment of undiscovered gas hydrate resources on the North Slope, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 69, Report: vii, 101 p.; ReadMe; Executive Summary; CD-ROM .zip, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds69CC.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 101 p.; ReadMe; Executive Summary; CD-ROM .zip","numberOfPages":"111","ipdsId":"IP-039154","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":431363,"rank":9,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IOB90O","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Limits of the Gas Hydrate stability zone contour lines"},{"id":431362,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P962NZTI","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Total Petroleum Systems"},{"id":431361,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IQPTP7","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Assessment 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projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -168.0,68.0 ], [ -168.0,72.0 ], [ -140.0,72.0 ], [ -140.0,68.0 ], [ -168.0,68.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53517057e4b05569d805a33d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"USGS AK Gas Hydrate Assessment Team: Collett, Timothy S.","contributorId":25465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"USGS AK Gas Hydrate Assessment Team: Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Agena, Warren F. 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,{"id":70058700,"text":"70058700 - 2014 - Variables that affect agricultural chemicals in groundwater in Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-05T10:05:21","indexId":"70058700","displayToPublicDate":"2014-02-02T13:20:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variables that affect agricultural chemicals in groundwater in Nebraska","docAbstract":"Agricultural chemicals from nonpoint\nsources in groundwater are present in the major provinces\nof the High Plains aquifer in Nebraska. Nitrate and\ntriazine-herbicide concentrations in groundwater were\nassessed to establish preliminary relations between these\nconstituents and selected hydrogeologic, climatic, and\nland-use variables. Also, macropore flow paths were\nmeasured in an attempt to delineate their contribution\nto non-point source pollution from the study areas.\nWater from 82 wells in six study areas was analyzed\nfor nitrate; water from 57 of the 82 wells was analyzed\nfor triazine herbicides. Twenty-one independent variables\nwere identified that could potentially affect chemical\nconcentrations in groundwater. Data for 9 of 21\nindependent variables suspected of affecting concentrations\nof nitrate and triazine herbicides in groundwater\nwere collected from the well sites. The nine variables\nand their measured ranges were hydraulic gradient,\n0.0006–0.0053; hydraulic conductivity, 1.5–45.4 m\n(5–149 ft) per day; specific discharge, 0.004–0.091 m\n(0.0128–0.2998 ft) per day; depth to water, 0.91–76 m\n(3–250 ft); well depth, 12–168 m (40–550 ft); annual\nprecipitation, 30–100 cm (12.0–39.3 in.); soil permeability,\n1.9–23 cm (0.76–9.0 in.); irrigation-well density,\n0–8 irrigation wells per 2.59 km<sup>2</sup> (1 square mile); and\nannual nitrogen fertilizer use, 0–118 kg (0–260 lb) of\nnitrogen per acre. Macropore flow is listed in percent,\naverage per study area based on determinations from\ndye studies. In this instance, macropore flow is used to\nalso entail preferential flow paths. Nitrate concentrations\nranged from 0.1 to 45 mgL<sup>−1</sup>. Triazine-herbicide concentrations\nwere detected in samples from five of the six\nstudy areas in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to\n2.3 μL<sup>−1</sup>. Analysis indicated that there were significant\ndifferences in nitrate concentrations (averages-at 95 %\nconfidence level using Kendall Test) among the six\nstudy areas; no significant differences in triazineherbicide\nconcentrations were found. Concentrations\nof nitrate and triazine herbicide were determined (using\ncontingency-table analysis), to be significantly larger in\nmore intensively irrigated areas compared to less intensively\nirrigated areas. Preliminary correlations with the\nindependent variables and nitrate concentrations indicated\nsignificant relations at the 95%confidence level with\nvariables hydraulic conductivity, well depth, and irrigation\nwell density. Correlations with triazine-herbicide\nconcentrations indicated significant relations with hydraulic\nconductivity, specific discharge, well depth, annual\nprecipitation, and irrigation well density, as well as\nnitrate concentrations. Simple multiple-regression technique\nindicated that well depth and density and fertilizer\nuse explained about 51 % of the variation in nitrate\nconcentrations. Specific discharge and well depth explained\nabout 60 % of the variation in triazine-herbicide\nconcentrations. Macropore flow paths and specific discharge\nexplained 84 % of the total variation in triazineherbicide\nconcentrations. The use of trade names in this\nreport is for identification purposes only and does not\nconstitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11270-013-1862-0","usgsCitation":"Tindall, J.A., and Chen, A., 2014, Variables that affect agricultural chemicals in groundwater in Nebraska: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 255, no. 1862, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1862-0.","productDescription":"18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-051590","costCenters":[{"id":435,"text":"National Research Program - Central Region","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281991,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281990,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1862-0"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.0535,39.9999 ], [ -104.0535,43.0017 ], [ -95.3083,43.0017 ], [ -95.3083,39.9999 ], [ -104.0535,39.9999 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"255","issue":"1862","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5351706de4b05569d805a439","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tindall, James A. 0000-0002-0940-1586 jtindall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-1586","contributorId":2529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tindall","given":"James","email":"jtindall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, Abraham","contributorId":73918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Abraham","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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