Piton de la Fournaise, on the island of La Réunion, and Kilauea volcano, on the island of Hawaii, are active, basaltic shield volcanoes growing on the flanks of much larger shield volcanoes in intraplate tectonic environments. Past studies have shown that the average rate of magma production and the chemistry of lavas are quite similar for both volcanoes. We propose a structural similarity — specifically, that periodic displacement of parts of the shields as huge landslide blocks is a common mode of growth. In each instance, the unstable blocks are within a rift-zone-bounded, unbuttressed flank of the shield. At Kilauea, well-documented landslide blocks form relatively surficial parts of a much larger rift-zone-bounded block; scarps of the Hilina fault system mark the headwalls of the active blocks. At Fournaise, Hilina-like slump blocks are also present along the unbuttressed east coast of the volcano. In addition, however, the existence of a set of faults nested around the present caldera and northeast and southeast rift zones suggests that past chapters in the history of Fournaise included the slumping of entire rift-zone-bounded blocks themselves. These nested faults become younger to the east southeast and apparently record one of the effects of a migration of the focus of volcanism in that direction. Repeated dilation along the present set of northeast and southeast rift zones, most recently exemplified by an eruption in 1977, suggests that the past history of rift-zone-bounded slumping will eventually be repeated. The record provided by the succession of slump blocks on Fournaise is apparently at a relatively detailed part of a migration of magmatic focus that has advanced at least 30 km to the east-southeast from neighboring Piton des Neiges, an extinct Pliocene to Pleistocene volcano.?? 1982.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0377-0273(82)90009-9","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Duffield, W.A., Stieltjes, L., and Varet, J., 1982, Huge landslide blocks in the growth of piton de la fournaise, La réunion, and Kilauea volcano, Hawaii: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 12, no. 1-2, p. 147-160, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(82)90009-9.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"160","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220863,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3274e4b0c8380cd5e803","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duffield, Wendell A.","contributorId":14363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duffield","given":"Wendell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stieltjes, Laurent","contributorId":99287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stieltjes","given":"Laurent","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Varet, Jacques","contributorId":88877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varet","given":"Jacques","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70011890,"text":"70011890 - 1982 - Diamond collecting in northern Colorado.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:34","indexId":"70011890","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2749,"text":"Mineralogical Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diamond collecting in northern Colorado.","docAbstract":"The discovery of numerous diamond-bearing kimberlite diatremes in the N Front Range of Colorado and Wyoming is of both scientific and economic interest. Species recovered from heavy-mineral concentrates include Cr-diopside, spinel, Mg-ilmenite, pyrope and diamond. A nodule tentatively identified as a graphite-diamond eclogite was also found. -G.W.R.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralogical Record","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00264628","usgsCitation":"Collins, D.S., 1982, Diamond collecting in northern Colorado.: Mineralogical Record, v. 13, no. 4, p. 205-208.","startPage":"205","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221321,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00a5e4b0c8380cd4f832","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, D. S.","contributorId":54590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011873,"text":"70011873 - 1982 - 13C Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of kerogen from Cretaceous black shales thermally altered by basaltic intrusions and laboratory simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-18T14:20:41.694025","indexId":"70011873","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"13C Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of kerogen from Cretaceous black shales thermally altered by basaltic intrusions and laboratory simulations","title":"13C Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of kerogen from Cretaceous black shales thermally altered by basaltic intrusions and laboratory simulations","docAbstract":"Cretaceous black shales from DSDP Leg 41, Site 368 in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean were thermally altered during the Miocene by an intrusive basalt. The sediments overlying and underlying the intrusive body were subjected to high temperatures (up to ~ 500°C) and, as a result, their kerogen was significantly altered. The extent of this alteration has been determined by examination by means of 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, using cross polarization/magic-angle spinning (CP/MAS). Results indicate that the kerogen becomes progressively more aromatic in the vicinity of the intrusive body. Laboratory heating experiments, simulating the thermal effects of the basaltic intrusion, produced similar results on unaltered shale from the drill core. The 13C CP/MAS results appear to provide a good measure of thermal alteration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(82)90046-1","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Dennis, L., Maciel, G., Hatcher, P.G., and Simoneit, B.R., 1982, 13C Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of kerogen from Cretaceous black shales thermally altered by basaltic intrusions and laboratory simulations: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 46, no. 6, p. 901-907, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(82)90046-1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"901","endPage":"907","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221002,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e225e4b0c8380cd459c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dennis, L.W.","contributorId":78090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dennis","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Maciel, G.E.","contributorId":43910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maciel","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatcher, Patrick G.","contributorId":93625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simoneit, Bernd R. T.","contributorId":51021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simoneit","given":"Bernd","email":"","middleInitial":"R. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70011889,"text":"70011889 - 1982 - Properties, origin and nomenclature of rodlets of the inertinite maceral group in coals of the central Appalachian basin, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-24T01:33:25.449322","indexId":"70011889","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Properties, origin and nomenclature of rodlets of the inertinite maceral group in coals of the central Appalachian basin, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Resin rodlets, sclerenchyma strands and woody splinters, which are collectively called rodlets, were studied by chemical, optical petrographic, and scanning-electron microscopic (SEM) techniques. A study was made of such rodlets from the bituminous coal beds of the central Appalachian basin (Pennsylvanian; Upper Carboniferous) of the United States. Comparisons were made with rodlets from coal beds of the Illinois basin, the Southern Anthracite Field of Pennsylvania, the St. Rose coal field of Nova Scotia, and European and other coal fields. In order to determine their physical and chemical properties, a detailed study was made of the rodlets from the Pomeroy coal bed (high volatile A bituminous coal; Monongahela Formation; Upper Pennsylvanian) of Kanawha County, West Virginia. The origin of the rodlets was determined by a comparative analysis of a medullosan (seed fern) stem from the Herrin (No. 6) coal bed (high volatile C bituminous coal; Carbondale Formation) from Washington County, Illinois. Rodlets are commonly concentrated in fusain or carbominerite layers or lenses in bituminous coal beds of the central Appalachian basin. Most of the rodlets examined in our study were probably derived from medullosan seed ferns. The three types of rodlets are distinguished on the basis of cellularity, morphology and fracture.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0166-5162(82)90019-2","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Lyons, P., Finkelman, R.B., Thompson, C., Brown, F.W., and Hatcher, P.G., 1982, Properties, origin and nomenclature of rodlets of the inertinite maceral group in coals of the central Appalachian basin, U.S.A.: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 1, no. 4, p. 313-346, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(82)90019-2.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"346","numberOfPages":"34","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221263,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8f26e4b0c8380cd7f5d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyons, P.C.","contributorId":87285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"P.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finkelman, R. B.","contributorId":20341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thompson, C.L.","contributorId":12189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, F. W.","contributorId":92653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hatcher, Patrick G.","contributorId":93625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70011765,"text":"70011765 - 1982 - Late Pleistocene- Holocene transgressive sedimentation in deltaic and non-deltaic areas of the northeastern Bering epicontinental shelf.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:32","indexId":"70011765","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1794,"text":"Geologie en Mijnbouw","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Pleistocene- Holocene transgressive sedimentation in deltaic and non-deltaic areas of the northeastern Bering epicontinental shelf.","docAbstract":"The distribution of late Pleistocene and Holocene surface sediments on the northern Bering Seafloor is patchy and dependent upon locations of seafloor bedrock and pre-late Pleistocene glacial debris, late Holocene river sediment influx, and modern strong bottom currents. Seafloor vibracores and high-resolution profiles record two different sedimentary environments in the northern Bering shelf: late Pleistocene-Holocene shoreline transgression in Chirikov Basin, and Holocene deposition from the Yukon River in Norton Sound.-from Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologie en Mijnbouw","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Nelson, C., 1982, Late Pleistocene- Holocene transgressive sedimentation in deltaic and non-deltaic areas of the northeastern Bering epicontinental shelf.: Geologie en Mijnbouw, v. 61, no. 1, p. 5-18.","startPage":"5","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a451ae4b0c8380cd67037","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, C.H.","contributorId":88346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011737,"text":"70011737 - 1982 - Periodic climate change on Mars: Review of evidence and effects on distribution of volatiles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-16T12:26:36.580688","indexId":"70011737","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Periodic climate change on Mars: Review of evidence and effects on distribution of volatiles","docAbstract":"The polar regions of Mars preserve, in both their layering and their topography, a record of recent climate changes. Because of the coincidence of the growth of the northern seasonal cap with global dust storms, dust may be currently accumulating on the northern cap, but conditions at the poles will alternate with the precessional cycle. Deposition is also modulated by changes in eccentricity and obliquity, which interact complexly, affecting initiation of global dust storms, the stability of volatiles at the surface, and global wind regimes. Formation of spiral valleys and low undulations on the surface of the layered deposits may result from prefential sublimation of volatiles on sunward-facing slopes and condensation on the adjacent flats, with the rates also modulated by astronomically caused insolation variations. Lack of impact craters on the surface and lack of interruption of the layers by impact scars suggest that the polar deposits are no more than a few million years old. Older deposits may have been periodically removed, as indicated by etch-pitted terrain at the south pole and by superposition relations around the periphery of the present layered deposits. Evidence of ancient periodic climate changes that occurred before formation of the present layered terrain is fragmentary but includes pedestal craters, parallel moraine-like ridges, and etched ground at high latitudes. Perturbation of the orbital motions also results in adsorption and desorption of volatiles in the regolith, which leads to variations in atmospheric pressure and partial dehydration of the equatorial near-surface materials.
New radiometric ages on tuffs from south-central Peru support the postulated flare-up of volcanic activity during early Miocene time. In the region of Huancavelica, Julcani, and Lircay, lower Miocene rocks lie on folded strata of pre-Cenozoic age; the absence of units of Eocene and early Oligocene age indicates that this area remained positive after Incaic deformation in Eocene time. Conglomerate beds reflecting erosion attendant on the first pulse of late Cenozoic (Quechuan) compressive deformation do not appear in the stratigraphic record until after 21.5 m.y. B.P. In one section, beds of coarse conglomerate are underlain by tuff dated at 18.3 ± 0.6 m.y. and overlain by tuff dated at 17.3 ± 0.2 m.y. At another locality, beds of conglomerate conformably overlie tuff dated at 19.6 ± 0.8 m.y. If we incorporate published data from other areas in central and southern Peru, it appears that Quechuan deformation began in early Miocene time between 19.5 and 17 m.y. ago. A firm age for the end of the first pulse of Quechuan deformation in this region is provided by an ash-flow sheet dated at 12 to 12.5 m.y. that unconformably overlies strata of Eocene to early Miocene age.
Measurements of 238U, 234U, 230Th, 232Th, 231Pa, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn were made on 23 samples from core GPC-5, a 29-m giant piston core from a water depth of 4583 m on the northeastern Bermuda Rise (33°41.2′N, 57°36.9′W). This area is characterized by rapid deposition of sediment transported by abyssal currents. Unsupported 230Th and 231Pa are present throughout the core but, because of large variations in the sedimentation rate, show marked departures from exponential decay with depth. The trend with depth of the
The U.S. Geological Survey produces a variety of resource information for the United States. This includes many data bases of particular interest to planners such as land use and terrain information prepared by the National Mapping Division, water quantity and quality data collected by Water Resources Division, and coal resource information gathered by the Geologic Division. These data are stored in various forms, and information on their availability can be obtained from appropriate offices in the U.S. Geological Survey as well as from USGS Circular 777. These data have been used for the management, development, and monitoring of our Nation's resources by Federal, State, and local agencies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0198-9715(82)90016-3","usgsCitation":"Hallam, C.A., 1982, Obtaining maps and data from the U.S. Geological Survey: Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, v. 7, no. 4, p. 283-294, https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-9715(82)90016-3.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"283","endPage":"294","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221032,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6b0ee4b0c8380cd744c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hallam, Cheryl A.","contributorId":59012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallam","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011750,"text":"70011750 - 1982 - Laboratory measurements of reservoir rock from the Geysers geothermal field, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-18T13:20:42","indexId":"70011750","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2071,"text":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Laboratory measurements of reservoir rock from the Geysers geothermal field, California","docAbstract":"Rock samples taken from two outcrops, as well as rare cores from three well bores at the Geysers geothermal field, California, were tested at temperatures and pressures similar to those found in the geothermal field. Both intact and 30?? sawcut cylinders were deformed at confining pressures of 200-1000 bars, pore pressure of 30 bars and temperatures of 150?? and 240??C. Thin-section and X-ray analysis revealed that some borehole samples had undergone extensive alteration and recrystallization. Constant strain rate tests of 10-4 and 10-6 per sec gave a coefficient of friction of 0.68. Due to the highly fractured nature of the rocks taken from the production zone, intact samples were rarely 50% stronger than the frictional strength. This result suggests that the Geysers reservoir can support shear stresses only as large as its frictional shear strength. Velocity of p-waves (6.2 km/sec) was measured on one sample. Acoustic emission and sliding on a sawcut were related to changes in pore pressure. b-values computed from the acoustic emissions generated during fluid injection were typically about 0.55. An unusually high b-value (approximately 1.3) observed during sudden injection of water into the sample may have been related to thermal cracking. ?? 1982.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0148-9062(82)91632-1","issn":"01489062","usgsCitation":"Lockner, D., Summers, R., Moore, D., and Byerlee, J., 1982, Laboratory measurements of reservoir rock from the Geysers geothermal field, California: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, v. 19, no. 2, p. 65-80, https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(82)91632-1.","productDescription":"p.65-80","startPage":"65","endPage":"80","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":265944,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(82)91632-1"},{"id":221195,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4112e4b0c8380cd65289","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lockner, D.A. 0000-0001-8630-6833","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":85603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Summers, R.","contributorId":65483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Summers","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moore, D.","contributorId":105307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Byerlee, J.D.","contributorId":69982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byerlee","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70011631,"text":"70011631 - 1982 - Chemical characteristics and origin of Ordovician K-bentonites along the Cincinnati Arch: a discussion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-26T10:30:07","indexId":"70011631","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1245,"text":"Clays and Clay Minerals","onlineIssn":"1552-8367","printIssn":"0009-8604","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical characteristics and origin of Ordovician K-bentonites along the Cincinnati Arch: a discussion","docAbstract":"In a recent issue of this journal, Huff and Tiirkmenoglu (1981) concluded that montmorillonite layers alter to iUite layers in mixed-layer illite/smectite (I/S) having 18 to 27% smectite layers and having rectorite-type ordering. K-fixation was inferred to be controlled largely by substitution of octahedral Mg for Al, a conclusion of major significance because almost all similarly interlayered clay described in the literature (Weaver and Pollard, 1973, among many others) has mostly substitution of tetrahedral A1 for Si. Their calculation of structural formulae from which layer-charge distributions were inferred involves the assumptions that K is the only significant interlayer cation and that Na and Ca detected in chemical analyses of the clays can be ignored for two reasons: (1) the amounts are small and most likely do not represent structural site occupancy, and (2) Ca is a likely contaminant because the metabentonite beds occur in a massive carbonate section. They further justified these assumptions by the close agreement between calculated interlayer and total layer charges.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Clay Minerals Society","doi":"10.1346/CCMN.1982.0300607","usgsCitation":"Schultz, L.G., 1982, Chemical characteristics and origin of Ordovician K-bentonites along the Cincinnati Arch: a discussion: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 30, no. 6, p. 445-446, https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1982.0300607.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"445","endPage":"446","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221186,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f55ae4b0c8380cd4c1ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schultz, Leonard Gene","contributorId":19146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Leonard","email":"","middleInitial":"Gene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011751,"text":"70011751 - 1982 - Variation in sand body types on the eastern Bering Sea epicontinental shelf.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:27","indexId":"70011751","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1794,"text":"Geologie en Mijnbouw","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation in sand body types on the eastern Bering Sea epicontinental shelf.","docAbstract":"The eastern epicontinental shelf of the Bering Sea is characterized by variations in river and glacial sediment supply, wave energy, tidal range (microtidal to mesotidal), and tidal, geostrophic, and storm-induced currents. These factors, combined with the effect of the Holocene rise in sea level, have resulted in the formation of a complex assemblage of generally linear sand bodies of similar morphology anad lithology, but different origins. The sand bodies are large features found from the present shoreline to tens of kilometers offshore, in water depths up to 50m. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geologie en Mijnbouw","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Nelson, C., Dupre, W., Field, M., and Howard, J., 1982, Variation in sand body types on the eastern Bering Sea epicontinental shelf.: Geologie en Mijnbouw, v. 61, no. 1, p. 37-48.","startPage":"37","endPage":"48","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221196,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc164e4b08c986b32a555","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, C.H.","contributorId":88346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dupre, W.R.","contributorId":57540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dupre","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Field, M.E.","contributorId":27052,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howard, J.D.","contributorId":103413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70011752,"text":"70011752 - 1982 - Solidification of basaltic magma during flow in a dike","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-08T17:49:26.619179","indexId":"70011752","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solidification of basaltic magma during flow in a dike","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Science","doi":"10.2475/ajs.282.6.856","usgsCitation":"Delaney, P.T., and Pollard, D.D., 1982, Solidification of basaltic magma during flow in a dike: American Journal of Science, v. 282, no. 6, p. 856-885, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.282.6.856.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"856","endPage":"885","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221197,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"282","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b923fe4b08c986b319db0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delaney, Paul T.","contributorId":15195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delaney","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pollard, David D.","contributorId":38549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollard","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1013919,"text":"1013919 - 1982 - Fish farming line","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:25","indexId":"1013919","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":855,"text":"Aquaculture Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish farming line","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquaculture Magazine","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"None/FF","usgsCitation":"Giudice, J., 1982, Fish farming line: Aquaculture Magazine, v. 8, no. 6, p. 36-37.","productDescription":"p. 36-37","startPage":"36","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130746,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667473","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giudice, J.J.","contributorId":50841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giudice","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013918,"text":"1013918 - 1982 - Fish farming line","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:25","indexId":"1013918","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":855,"text":"Aquaculture Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish farming line","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquaculture Magazine","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"None/FF","usgsCitation":"Giudice, J., 1982, Fish farming line: Aquaculture Magazine, v. 8, no. 4, p. 40-41.","productDescription":"p. 40-41","startPage":"40","endPage":"41","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130745,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f4a36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giudice, J.J.","contributorId":50841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giudice","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011625,"text":"70011625 - 1982 - Worth of geophysical data in natural- disaster- insurance rate setting.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-15T16:38:31.608254","indexId":"70011625","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5202,"text":"Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology","onlineIssn":"1558-8432","printIssn":"1558-8424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Worth of geophysical data in natural- disaster- insurance rate setting.","docAbstract":"Insurance firms that offer natural-disaster insurance base their rates on available information. The benefits from collecting additional data and incorporating this information to improve parameter estimates of probability distributions that are used to characterize natural-disaster events can be determined by computing changes in premiums as a function of additional data. Specifically, the worth of data can be measured by changes in consumer's surplus (the widely applied measure of benefits to consumers used in benefit-cost analysis) brought about when the premiums are adjusted. In this paper, a formal model of the process for setting insurance rates is hypothesized in which the insurance firm sets rates so as to trade off penalties of overestimation and underestimation of expected damages estimated from currently available hydrologic data. A Bayesian preposterior analysis is performed which permits the determination of the expected benefits of collecting additional geophysical data by examining the changes in expected premium rates as a function of the longer record before the data are actually collected. An estimate of the expected benefits associated with collecting more data for the representative consumer is computed using an assumed demand function for insurance. In addition, a sensitivity analysis of expected benefits to changes in insurance demand and firm rate-setting procedures is carried out. From these results, conclusions are drawn regarding aggregate benefits to all flood insurance purchasers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<0453:WOGDIN>2.0.CO;2","issn":"08948763","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., and Karlinger, M., 1982, Worth of geophysical data in natural- disaster- insurance rate setting.: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, v. 21, no. 4, p. 453-460, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<0453:WOGDIN>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"453","endPage":"460","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480275,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<0453:wogdin>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":221057,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd1dce4b08c986b32f5b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, E. D. 0000-0001-6845-7160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":107672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"E.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karlinger, M.R.","contributorId":95039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlinger","given":"M.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011781,"text":"70011781 - 1982 - Geology of continental shelf, Onslow Bay, North Carolina, as revealed by submarine outcrops","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-11T16:49:27.167622","indexId":"70011781","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology of continental shelf, Onslow Bay, North Carolina, as revealed by submarine outcrops","docAbstract":"Lithologic and stratigraphic data from rocks dredged from the continental shelf off Onslow Bay, North Carolina, provide surface control for seismic studies of the southeastern United States continental margin and help to explain the distribution of potentially economic phosphate-rich sediments on this shelf. Outcropping Miocene rocks in this area indicate that the region has long been a positive geologic feature and has received relatively little Pliocene and Pleistocene sedimentation. -from Authors","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/03B59A1C-16D1-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Blackwelder, B.W., Macintyre, I.G., and Pilkey, O.H., 1982, Geology of continental shelf, Onslow Bay, North Carolina, as revealed by submarine outcrops: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 66, no. 1, p. 44-56, https://doi.org/10.1306/03B59A1C-16D1-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"44","endPage":"56","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221695,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Onslow Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.44373147728382,\n 34.79157094249153\n ],\n [\n -78.03355465391473,\n 34.79157094249153\n ],\n [\n -78.03355465391473,\n 33.75214968374051\n ],\n [\n -76.44373147728382,\n 33.75214968374051\n ],\n [\n -76.44373147728382,\n 34.79157094249153\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a24bee4b0c8380cd58352","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blackwelder, Blake W.","contributorId":56640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwelder","given":"Blake","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Macintyre, Ian G.","contributorId":94037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macintyre","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pilkey, Orrin H.","contributorId":11606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilkey","given":"Orrin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70011621,"text":"70011621 - 1982 - Application of modulus degradation model of clays","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-14T16:11:17.715981","indexId":"70011621","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2547,"text":"Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of modulus degradation model of clays","docAbstract":"A degradation model is applied in conjunction with different soil models and stress-strain relations to site response analyses during earthquakes. To evaluate the effects of degradation, computations on two clay deposits subjected to both high and low-level input excitations are conducted. In addition, modulus degradation with or without shear strength reduction is discussed. In terms of surface response, degradation has little effect in the case of low-level excitation. With high-level excitatfons, however, degradation causes lower surface spectral response in the shorter period range, and the difference is on the same order as that from different soil models. Where surface response differs, the use of degradation with strength reduction is less conservative when compared to the use of degradation without strength reduction.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/AJGEB6.0001347","usgsCitation":"Chen, A., 1982, Application of modulus degradation model of clays: Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, v. 108, no. GT10, p. 1203-1214, https://doi.org/10.1061/AJGEB6.0001347.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1203","endPage":"1214","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221053,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"GT10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eca8e4b0c8380cd493f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, A.T.F.","contributorId":47523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"A.T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013897,"text":"1013897 - 1982 - A review of pond zooplankton production and fertilization for the culture of larval and fingerling striped bass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-09T14:55:10.472023","indexId":"1013897","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of pond zooplankton production and fertilization for the culture of larval and fingerling striped bass","docAbstract":"Successful culture of the planktivorous fry of warmwater fish species such as striped bass (Morone saxatilis) depends heavily upon the composition and density of zooplankton established in rearing ponds during the 4–6-week culture period. The paper reviews the growth, reproduction, and succession patterns of zooplankton in ponds, organic and inorganic pond fertilization, and predator—prey relationships as they relate to the culture of striped bass fingerlings. Based upon this information, a pond management strategy is proposed using combinations of organic and liquid inorganic fertilizers and crustacean zooplankton inoculation to develop and maintain the zooplankton forage base in striped bass rearing ponds.
The uplift history of the Swat Valley and Hazara region of northwestern Pakistan has been established using 22 fission-track dates on apatite, zircon and sphene. A major fault, the Main Mantle Thrust (MMT) strikes east-west across the Swat Valley, separates regions of markedly differing fission-track age regimesm, and may be a suture zone separating an extinct island arc terrane on the north from the Indian plate to the south. Fission-track ages ranging from about 55 to 58 m.y. for sphene, 18 to 53 m.y. for zircon, and 9 to 17 m.y. for apatite were obtained from the region north of the MMT. To the south the fission-track age ranges are 20 to 25 m.y. for sphene, 17 to 26 m.y. for zircon, and 16 to 23 m.y. for apatite. Disparate zircon and sphene ages on each side of the MMT imply different cooling histories for each side of the fault prior to 15 m.y. Similar apatite ages on both sides of the fault imply similar cooling histories during the past 15 m.y. This may indicate that faulting ceased by 15 m.y. Mean uplift rates have been derived from the fission-track data using mainly the mineral-pair method. Uplift rates in the region north of the MMT increased from 0.07 to 0.20 mm/yr during the period 55 to 15 m.y. South of the fault, uplift rates averaged in excess of 0.70 mm/yr for the period 25 to 15 m.y. During the past 15 m.y. uplift across the MMT in the Swat Valley showsno discontinuities, ranging from 0.16 mm/yr in the south to 0.39 mm/yr in the north. A plausible interpretation for the fission-track uplift data has the MMT verging to the south with overthrusting taking place at a depth between 3.5 and 6.0 km, juxtaposing two terranes that were originally separated by a substantial, but unknown distance. In this model, regional uplift followed cessation of faulting just prior to 15 m.y.
The presence of turbid, sediment-rich fast ice in the Arctic is a major factor affecting transport of fine-grained sediment. Turbid ice was found to be present in a zone 10 to 20 km wide along the coast of the Beaufort Sea. Sediment concentrations observed in cores taken in seasonal fast ice ranged from 3 to more than 1,600 g/m 3 . Finely disseminated silt and clay-sized particles dominated, discoloring the upper segments of the cores in a layer up to 1 m thick. In almost all of the cores the upper-most 10 cm of ice was relatively less turbid, and the relief at the base of the turbid layer was 10 to 20 cm over distances of 1 to 2 m. Observers have documented the widespread, sporadic occurrence of sediment-rich fast ice in both the Beaufort and Bering Seas. The known sources and transport relations of suspended sediment did not explain this distribution of turbid ice. The occurrence of sediment in only the upper part of the seasonal fast ice indicates that sediment-rich ice forms early during ice growth. The most likely mechanism for the formation of sediment-laden ice and preferential sorting of fine sediments requires resuspension of nearshore bottom sediment during storms, accompanied by formation of frazil ice and subsequent lateral advection before the fast ice is stabilized. We estimate that the sediment incorporated in the Beaufort ice canopy formed a significant proportion of the seasonal influx of terrigenous fine-grained sediment. The dominance of fine-grained sediment suggests that in the Arctic and sub-Arctic these size fractions may be ice rafted in greater volumes than the coarse fraction of traditionally recognized ice-rafted sediment. The incorporation and transport mechanism may be a significant factor in the transport of fine-grained sediments in the Arctic basin.