This study considers the temporal and spatial distribution of Steller's Eiders (Polysticta stelleri) during molt along the north side of the Alaska Peninsula from Port Heiden to Bechevin Bay. Subadult eiders molted primarily at Nelson Lagoon, adult males at Nelson Lagoon and Izembek Bay, and adult females primarily at Izembek Bay. Only a few eiders used Bechevin Bay, Seal Islands, and Port Heiden. Although the flightless period overlapped among different age and sex classes, subadults were flightless first, then adult males, and last, adult females. Eiders maintained spatial and temporal separation during the flightless period, thereby reducing competition for food resources.
Eiders at Nelson Lagoon were observed feeding only by head-dipping during the pre-flightless period in 1979, a significant change from 1977 when they fed both by diving and dipping. During both 1977 and 1979 eiders foraged for approximately equal amounts of time during each stage of molt. Foods consisted primarily of bivalve mollusks and amphipods. These foods were consumed in different proportions before and after the wing-feather molt, with mussels being most important when eiders were growing remiges. Comparisons between the amount of energy in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis), clams (Macoma balthica), and gammarid amphipods showed that mussels yield the most energy per gram of whole wet weight. Apparently Steller's Eiders have adjusted to the increased energy demands of molt by eating invertebrates with high caloric content, rather than by increasing the amount of time feeding.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1367319","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.R., 1981, Populations, feeding ecology and molt of Steller's Eiders: The Condor, v. 83, no. 3, p. 256-262, https://doi.org/10.2307/1367319.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"256","endPage":"262","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503085,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/condor/vol83/iss3/11","text":"External Repository"},{"id":314452,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.73046875,\n 58.286395482881034\n ],\n [\n -160.5322265625,\n 56.77680831656842\n ],\n [\n -170.068359375,\n 53.67068019347264\n ],\n [\n -175.166015625,\n 52.802761415419674\n ],\n [\n -178.9892578125,\n 50.51342652633956\n ],\n [\n -157.060546875,\n 55.87531083569679\n ],\n [\n -156.26953125,\n 56.26776108757582\n ],\n [\n -154.86328125,\n 57.82135503542938\n ],\n [\n -153.23730468749997,\n 58.63121664342478\n ],\n [\n -152.578125,\n 59.489726035537075\n ],\n [\n -152.75390624999997,\n 60.04290359809164\n ],\n [\n -157.58789062499997,\n 59.40036514079251\n ],\n [\n -158.994140625,\n 59.28833169203345\n ],\n [\n -158.73046875,\n 58.286395482881034\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"83","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569f6c3fe4b0961cf27fd18c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047616,"text":"70047616 - 1981 - Thermodynamic tabulations for selected phases in the system CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2 at 101.325 kPa (1 atm) between 273.15 and 1800 K","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":23254,"text":"ofr80908 - 1980 - Thermodynamic tabulations for selected phases in the system CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O","indexId":"ofr80908","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Thermodynamic tabulations for selected phases in the system CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047616,"text":"70047616 - 1981 - Thermodynamic tabulations for selected phases in the system CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2 at 101.325 kPa (1 atm) between 273.15 and 1800 K","indexId":"70047616","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Thermodynamic tabulations for selected phases in the system CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2 at 101.325 kPa (1 atm) between 273.15 and 1800 K"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-14T16:22:44","indexId":"70047616","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T16:17:11","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2427,"text":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermodynamic tabulations for selected phases in the system CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2 at 101.325 kPa (1 atm) between 273.15 and 1800 K","docAbstract":"The standard thermodynamic properties of phases in the lime‐alumina‐silica‐ water system between 273.15 and 1800 K at 101.325 kPa (1 atm) were evalated from published experimental data. Phases included in the compilation are boehmite, diaspore, gibbsite, kaolinite, dickite, halloysite, andalusite, kyanite, sillimanite, Ca‐Al cliniopyroxene, anorthite, gehlenite, grossular, prehnite, zoisite, margarite, wollastonite, cyclowollastonite ( = pseudowollastonite), larnite, Ca olivine, hatrurite, and rankinite. The properties include heat capacity, entropy, relative enthalpy, and the Gibbs energy function of the phases and the enthalpies, Gibbs energies, and equilibrium constants for formation both from the elements and the oxides. Tabulated values are given at 50 K intervals with the 2‐sigma confidence limit at 250 K intervals. Summaries for each phase give the temperature‐ dependent functions for heat capacity, entropy, and relative enthalpy and the experimental data used in the final evaluation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AIP Publishing LLC","doi":"10.1063/1.555645","usgsCitation":"Haas, J.L., Robinson, G.R., and Hemingway, B.S., 1981, Thermodynamic tabulations for selected phases in the system CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2 at 101.325 kPa (1 atm) between 273.15 and 1800 K: Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, v. 10, no. 3, p. 575-670, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555645.","productDescription":"96 p.","startPage":"575","endPage":"670","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276618,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276617,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.555645"}],"volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"520ca6e9e4b081fa6136d416","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haas, John L. Jr.","contributorId":53816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haas","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, Glipin R. Jr.","contributorId":59336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Glipin","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hemingway, Bruch S.","contributorId":19542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemingway","given":"Bruch","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70047773,"text":"70047773 - 1981 - Reconnaissance geochemical survey of gully and stream sediments, and geologic summary, in part of the Okanogan Range, Okanogan County, Washington","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10857,"text":"ofr76680 - 1976 - Reconnaissance geochemical survey of gully sediments in part of the Okanogan Range, Okanogan County, Washington","indexId":"ofr76680","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"title":"Reconnaissance geochemical survey of gully sediments in part of the Okanogan Range, Okanogan County, Washington"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047773,"text":"70047773 - 1981 - Reconnaissance geochemical survey of gully and stream sediments, and geologic summary, in part of the Okanogan Range, Okanogan County, Washington","indexId":"70047773","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Reconnaissance geochemical survey of gully and stream sediments, and geologic summary, in part of the Okanogan Range, Okanogan County, Washington"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-22T15:27:42","indexId":"70047773","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T15:16:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":105,"text":"Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"74","title":"Reconnaissance geochemical survey of gully and stream sediments, and geologic summary, in part of the Okanogan Range, Okanogan County, Washington","docAbstract":"A reconnaissance geochemical stream-sediment sampling survey was conducted in a 1,150-km2 (440 mi2) area in the central part of the Okanogan Range, adjacent on the west to a 2,000-km2 (800 mi2) area previously studied. About 75 percent of the bedrock is composed of a mosaic of elongate northwest-trending Mesozoic plutons, the average composition of which is probably granodiorite. These intrude a highly recrystallized eugeosynclinal assemblage of Paleozoic and Mesozoic age that makes up about 15 percent of the area. The remaining 10 percent consists of andesite and dacite flows and flow breccias of Tertiary age that unconformably overlie the older rocks. The entire area is irregularly mantled by glacial drift.","language":"English","publisher":"Washington Department of Natural Resources","publisherLocation":"Olympia, WA","collaboration":"In cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Rinehart, C.D., 1981, Reconnaissance geochemical survey of gully and stream sediments, and geologic summary, in part of the Okanogan Range, Okanogan County, Washington: Bulletin 74, v, 24 p.; Maps: 3 Sheets.","productDescription":"v, 24 p.; Maps: 3 Sheets","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276916,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70047773.JPG"},{"id":276915,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.dnr.wa.gov/publications/ger_b74_geochem_surv_seds_okanogan.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Okanogan County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.8857,47.9408 ], [ -120.8857,49.0006 ], [ -118.8352,49.0006 ], [ -118.8352,47.9408 ], [ -120.8857,47.9408 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"521732e8e4b043bae8d2e614","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rinehart, C. Dean","contributorId":88326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinehart","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Dean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047535,"text":"70047535 - 1981 - Hydrology and model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, north-central Kansas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":57097,"text":"ofr801024 - 1980 - Hydrology and Model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, North-Central Kansas","indexId":"ofr801024","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology and Model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, North-Central Kansas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047535,"text":"70047535 - 1981 - Hydrology and model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, north-central Kansas","indexId":"70047535","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology and model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, north-central Kansas"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-08T15:10:13","indexId":"70047535","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:48:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":120,"text":"Irrigation Series","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"6","title":"Hydrology and model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, north-central Kansas","docAbstract":"The alluvial valley of the North Fork Solomon River is an important agricultural area. Reservoir releases diverted below Kirwin Dam are the principal source of irrigation water. During the 1970'S, severe water shortages occurred in Kirwin Reservoir and other nearby reservoirs as a result of an extended drought. Some evidence indicates that surface-water shortages may have been the result of a change in the rainfall-runoff relationship. Examination of the rainfall-runoff relationship shows no apparent trend from 1951 to 1968, but annual records from 1969 to 1976 indicate that deficient rainfall occurred during 6 of the 8 years.\n\nGround water from the alluvial aquifer underlying the river valley also is used extensively for irrigation. Utilization of ground water for irrigation greatly increased from about 200 acre-feet in 1955 to about 12,300 acre-feet in 1976. Part of the surface water diverted for irrigation has percolated downward into the aquifer raising the ground-water level. Ground-water storage in the aquifer increased from 230,000 acre-feet in 1946 to 275,000 acre-feet in 1976-77.\n\nA digital model was used to simulate the steady-state conditions in the aquifer prior to closure of Kirwin Dam. Model results indicated that precipitation was the major source of recharge to the aquifer. The effective recharge, or gain from precipitation minus evapotranspiration, was about 11,700 acre-feet per year. The major element of discharge from the aquifer was leakage to the river. The simulated net leakage (leakage to the river minus leakage from the river) was about 11,500 acre-feet per year. The simulated value is consistent with the estimated gain in base flow of the river within the area modeled.\n\nMeasurements of seepage used to determine gain and loss to the stream were made twice during 1976. Based on these measurements and on base-flow periods identified from hydrographs, it was estimated that the ground-water discharge to the stream has increased about 4,000 acre-feet per year from 1946 to 1976. During the same period, ground water withdrawn from the aquifer increased 12,100 acre-feet per year. Hydrographs of water levels in wells indicate some withdrawal from aquifer storage during 1976, possibly as a combined result of below-normal rainfall and greatly increased pumpage. The analysis of data is inconclusive as to whether the aquifer can sustain increased groundwater development. However, the analysis does indicate that the aquifer could sustain withdrawals at the 1976 rate for several consecutive years of drought similar to the 1976 conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"Kansas Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, Kansas","collaboration":"Prepared by the Kansas Geological Survey and the U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Jorgensen, D.G., and Stullken, L.E., 1981, Hydrology and model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, north-central Kansas: Irrigation Series 6, viii, 34 p.; Maps: 2 Sheets.","productDescription":"viii, 34 p.; Maps: 2 Sheets","numberOfPages":"43","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276239,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70047535.png"},{"id":276238,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.kgs.ku.edu/Publications/Bulletins/IRR6/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Solomon River Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99.133333,39.466667 ], [ -99.133333,39.666667 ], [ -98.5,39.666667 ], [ -98.5,39.466667 ], [ -99.133333,39.466667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5204bdeee4b0403aa6262a61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jorgensen, Donald G.","contributorId":19537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgensen","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stullken, Lloyd E.","contributorId":60609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stullken","given":"Lloyd","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70047835,"text":"70047835 - 1981 - Integrated uranium system in the Marysvale volcanic field, west-central Utah","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":16128,"text":"ofr80524 - 1980 - Integrated uranium system in the Marysvale volcanic field, west-central Utah","indexId":"ofr80524","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Integrated uranium system in the Marysvale volcanic field, west-central Utah"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047835,"text":"70047835 - 1981 - Integrated uranium system in the Marysvale volcanic field, west-central Utah","indexId":"70047835","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Integrated uranium system in the Marysvale volcanic field, west-central Utah"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-15T15:29:16.808416","indexId":"70047835","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:47:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Integrated uranium system in the Marysvale volcanic field, west-central Utah","docAbstract":"Uranium in the Marysvale volcanic field is known to occur in several geologic environments and is thought to occur in others. These known and hypothetical occurrences are of various kinds, ranging in derivation from rhyolite magma, through porphyry-type deposits, hydrothermal vein deposits, dispersed hydrothermal deposits, and, after secondary transport in ground and surface water, roll–front or sedimentary–trap deposits in basin-fill sediments. To date, only the hydrothermal vein environment has been productive, but billions of pounds of uranium were available in all other environments, and if proper conditions existed, significant concentrations probably formed by other processes. The intracaldera fill of the Mount Belknap caldera and sediment-filled basins adjoining the Tushar Mountains are especially favorable exploration targets for the undiscovered uranium believed to exist.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Uranium in volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/St13421C11","usgsCitation":"Steven, T.A., Cunningham, C.G., and Machette, M.N., 1981, Integrated uranium system in the Marysvale volcanic field, west-central Utah, chap. of Uranium in volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks, v. 13, p. 111-122, https://doi.org/10.1306/St13421C11.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"122","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277012,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.05,37.0 ], [ -114.05,42.0 ], [ -109.04,42.0 ], [ -109.04,37.0 ], [ -114.05,37.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"521c78e9e4b01458f784295e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Steven, T. A.","contributorId":42575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steven","given":"T.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunningham, C. G.","contributorId":76741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"C.","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Machette, M. N.","contributorId":19561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machette","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70047764,"text":"70047764 - 1981 - Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong-motion records including records from the 1979 imperial valley, California, earthquake","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9724,"text":"ofr81365 - 1981 - Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong motion records including records from the 1979 Imperial Valley, California, earthquake","indexId":"ofr81365","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong motion records including records from the 1979 Imperial Valley, California, earthquake"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047764,"text":"70047764 - 1981 - Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong-motion records including records from the 1979 imperial valley, California, earthquake","indexId":"70047764","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong-motion records including records from the 1979 imperial valley, California, earthquake"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-29T15:56:09.135314","indexId":"70047764","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:08:30","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong-motion records including records from the 1979 imperial valley, California, earthquake","docAbstract":"We have taken advantage of the recent increase in strong-motion data at close distances to derive new attenuation relations for peak horizontal acceleration and velocity. This new analysis uses a magnitude-independent shape, based on geometrical spreading and anelastic attenuation, for the attenuation curve. An innovation in technique is introduced that decouples the determination of the distance dependence of the data from the magnitude dependence.","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0710062011","usgsCitation":"Joyner, W.B., and Boore, D.M., 1981, Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong-motion records including records from the 1979 imperial valley, California, earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 71, no. 6, p. 2011-2038, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0710062011.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"2011","endPage":"2038","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276900,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.41,32.53 ], [ -124.41,42.01 ], [ -114.13,42.01 ], [ -114.13,32.53 ], [ -124.41,32.53 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"71","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"521732e6e4b043bae8d2e600","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Joyner, William B.","contributorId":39786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joyner","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boore, David M. boore@usgs.gov","contributorId":2509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":482921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70047528,"text":"70047528 - 1981 - Hydrogeologic atlas, Finksburg quadrangle, Carroll County, Maryland","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":48469,"text":"ofr791536 - 1979 - Finksburg quadrangle, Maryland: Hydrogeology","indexId":"ofr791536","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Finksburg quadrangle, Maryland: Hydrogeology"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047528,"text":"70047528 - 1981 - Hydrogeologic atlas, Finksburg quadrangle, Carroll County, Maryland","indexId":"70047528","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic atlas, Finksburg quadrangle, Carroll County, Maryland"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-08T13:11:17","indexId":"70047528","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T13:05:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":132,"text":"Quadrangle Atlas","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"19","title":"Hydrogeologic atlas, Finksburg quadrangle, Carroll County, Maryland","language":"English","publisher":"Maryland Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Baltimore, MD","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the United States Geological Survey, the Baltimore County Office of Planning and Zoning, and the Commissioners of Carroll County","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.F., Hilleary, J.T., and Otton, E., 1981, Hydrogeologic atlas, Finksburg quadrangle, Carroll County, Maryland: Quadrangle Atlas 19, Maps: 5 Sheets.","productDescription":"Maps: 5 Sheets","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276222,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","county":"Carroll County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.0,39.375 ], [ -77.0,39.5 ], [ -76.875,39.5 ], [ -76.875,39.375 ], [ -77.0,39.375 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5204bde9e4b0403aa6262a23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, James Frank","contributorId":44453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"Frank","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hilleary, John T.","contributorId":106926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilleary","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Otton, E. G.","contributorId":22311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otton","given":"E. 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P. and roughly 5000 B. P. Three pollen zones are recognized. The earliest is characterized by high frequencies of pine pollen and is correlated with a mid-Wisconsinan interstade of the mid-continent. The middle zone contains high frequencies of both pine and fir (Abies, probably A. grandis) pollen and is correlated with the last full glacial interval (upper Wisconsinan). The upper zone is dominated by redwood (Sequoia) pollen and represents latest Pleistocene to middle Holocene. The past few thousand years are not represented in the core. The pollen evidence indicates that during the full glacial period the mean annual temperature at the site was about 2°C to 3°C lower than it is today. We attribute this small difference to the stabilizing effect of marine upwelling on the temperature regime in the immediate vicinity of the coast. Precipitation may have been about 20 percent higher as a result of longer winter wet seasons.","language":"English","publisher":"California Botanical Society","usgsCitation":"Adam, D.P., Byrne, R., and Luther, E., 1981, late Pleistocene and Holocene pollen record from Laguna de las Trancas, northern coastal Santa Cruz County, California: Madroño, v. 28, no. 4, p. 255-272.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"272","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":276950,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/41424332"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Cruz County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.3176,36.8512 ], [ -122.3176,37.2855 ], [ -121.5815,37.2855 ], [ -121.5815,36.8512 ], [ -122.3176,36.8512 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5218846ee4b0e27b926cc70f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adam, David P.","contributorId":36132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adam","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byrne, Roger","contributorId":13630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrne","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luther, Edgar","contributorId":11610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luther","given":"Edgar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70047512,"text":"70047512 - 1981 - Hydrogeologic atlas, Union Bridge and Woodsboro quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":48640,"text":"ofr801013 - 1980 - Hydrogeologic atlas, Union Bridge and Woodsboro quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland","indexId":"ofr801013","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic atlas, Union Bridge and Woodsboro quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047512,"text":"70047512 - 1981 - Hydrogeologic atlas, Union Bridge and Woodsboro quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland","indexId":"70047512","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic atlas, Union Bridge and Woodsboro quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-08T10:49:40","indexId":"70047512","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T10:46:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":132,"text":"Quadrangle Atlas","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"17","title":"Hydrogeologic atlas, Union Bridge and Woodsboro quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland","language":"English","publisher":"Maryland Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Baltimore, MD","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the United States Geological Survey and the Commissioners of Carroll County","usgsCitation":"Wigle, J.M., and Hileary, J.T., 1981, Hydrogeologic atlas, Union Bridge and Woodsboro quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland: Quadrangle Atlas 17, Maps: 5 Sheets.","productDescription":"Maps: 5 Sheets","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276203,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","county":"Carroll County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.308,39.5 ], [ -77.308,39.625 ], [ -77.125,39.625 ], [ -77.125,39.5 ], [ -77.308,39.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5204bdece4b0403aa6262a4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wigle, James M.","contributorId":39687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wigle","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hileary, John T.","contributorId":99879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hileary","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70047511,"text":"70047511 - 1981 - Hydrogeologic atlas, Taneytown and Emmitsburg quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":48641,"text":"ofr801014 - 1980 - Hydrogeologic atlas, Taneytown and Emmitsburg quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland","indexId":"ofr801014","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic atlas, Taneytown and Emmitsburg quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047511,"text":"70047511 - 1981 - Hydrogeologic atlas, Taneytown and Emmitsburg quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland","indexId":"70047511","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic atlas, Taneytown and Emmitsburg quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-08T10:44:43","indexId":"70047511","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T10:39:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":132,"text":"Quadrangle Atlas","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"16","title":"Hydrogeologic atlas, Taneytown and Emmitsburg quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland","language":"English","publisher":"Maryland Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Baltimore, MD","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the United States Geological Survey and the Commissioners of Carroll County","usgsCitation":"Weigle, J., and Hilleary, J.T., 1981, Hydrogeologic atlas, Taneytown and Emmitsburg quadrangles, Carroll County, Maryland: Quadrangle Atlas 16, Maps: 5 Sheets.","productDescription":"Maps: 5 Sheets","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276202,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","county":"Carroll County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.312,39.625 ], [ -77.312,39.72 ], [ -77.125,39.72 ], [ -77.125,39.625 ], [ -77.312,39.625 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5204bdece4b0403aa6262a48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weigle, James M.","contributorId":47771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weigle","given":"James M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hilleary, John T.","contributorId":106926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilleary","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70047509,"text":"70047509 - 1981 - Hydrogeologic atlas, Hampstead quadrangle, Baltimore and Carroll County, Maryland","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":50761,"text":"ofr80561 - 1980 - Hampstead quadrangle, Maryland: Hydrogeology","indexId":"ofr80561","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Hampstead quadrangle, Maryland: Hydrogeology"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047509,"text":"70047509 - 1981 - Hydrogeologic atlas, Hampstead quadrangle, Baltimore and Carroll County, Maryland","indexId":"70047509","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic atlas, Hampstead quadrangle, Baltimore and Carroll County, Maryland"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-08T10:26:02","indexId":"70047509","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T10:23:19","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":132,"text":"Quadrangle Atlas","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"12","title":"Hydrogeologic atlas, Hampstead quadrangle, Baltimore and Carroll County, Maryland","language":"English","publisher":"Maryland Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Baltimore, MD","usgsCitation":"Duigon, M.T., 1981, Hydrogeologic atlas, Hampstead quadrangle, Baltimore and Carroll County, Maryland: Quadrangle Atlas 12, Maps: 5 Sheets.","productDescription":"Maps: 5 Sheets","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276200,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","county":"Baltimore County;Carroll County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.875,39.5 ], [ -76.875,39.625 ], [ -76.75,39.625 ], [ -76.75,39.5 ], [ -76.875,39.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5204bdeae4b0403aa6262a27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duigon, Mark T.","contributorId":79947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duigon","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047508,"text":"70047508 - 1981 - Hydrogeologic atlas, Littlestown quadrangle, Carroll County, Maryland","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":45830,"text":"ofr801015 - 1981 - Littlestown quadrangle, Carroll County, Maryland hydrogeologic atlas","indexId":"ofr801015","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Littlestown quadrangle, Carroll County, Maryland hydrogeologic atlas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047508,"text":"70047508 - 1981 - Hydrogeologic atlas, Littlestown quadrangle, Carroll County, Maryland","indexId":"70047508","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrogeologic atlas, Littlestown quadrangle, Carroll County, Maryland"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-08T10:18:25","indexId":"70047508","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T10:14:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":132,"text":"Quadrangle Atlas","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"14","title":"Hydrogeologic atlas, Littlestown quadrangle, Carroll County, Maryland","language":"English","publisher":"Maryland Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Baltimore, MD","usgsCitation":"Weigle, J., and Hilleary, J., 1981, Hydrogeologic atlas, Littlestown quadrangle, Carroll County, Maryland: Quadrangle Atlas 14, Maps: 5 Sheets.","productDescription":"Maps: 5 Sheets","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276199,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryl","county":"Carroll County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -77.125,39.625 ], [ -77.125,39.72 ], [ -77.0,39.72 ], [ -77.0,39.625 ], [ -77.125,39.625 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5204bdeae4b0403aa6262a32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weigle, J.M.","contributorId":20400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weigle","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hilleary, J.T.","contributorId":69219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hilleary","given":"J.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70047643,"text":"70047643 - 1981 - Water resources of the Kisatchie well-field area near Alexandria, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-02T16:52:44.264495","indexId":"70047643","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:47:29","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":147,"text":"Water Resources Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"26","title":"Water resources of the Kisatchie well-field area near Alexandria, Louisiana","docAbstract":"Sands of Miocene, Pliocene(?), and Pleistocene age contain fresh-water in central Rapides Parish, La. In this area the base of fresh ground water ranges from 900 feet to more than 2,500 feet below National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929. The principal sources of water are the Carnahan Bayou, Williamson Creek, and Blounts Creek Members of the Fleming Formation of Miocene and Pliocene(?) age and terrace deposits of Pleistocene age.
","language":"English","publisher":"Louisiana Office of Public Works","publisherLocation":"Baton Rouge, LA","collaboration":"Prepared by United States Department of the Interior, Geological Survey in cooperation with Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, Office of Public Works","usgsCitation":"Rogers, J.E., 1981, Water resources of the Kisatchie well-field area near Alexandria, Louisiana: Water Resources Technical Report 26, vi, 57 p., 6 plates.","productDescription":"vi, 57 p., 6 plates","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":484138,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047643/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":276672,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70047643/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","city":"Alexandria","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.981735,30.892014 ], [ -92.981735,31.517929 ], [ -92.07235,31.517929 ], [ -92.07235,30.892014 ], [ -92.981735,30.892014 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"520f49eae4b0fc50304bc533","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rogers, James E.","contributorId":14380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047642,"text":"70047642 - 1981 - Water resources of the terrace aquifers, central Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-16T09:45:05","indexId":"70047642","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T09:40:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":147,"text":"Water Resources Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"25","title":"Water resources of the terrace aquifers, central Louisiana","language":"English","publisher":"Louisiana Office of Public Works","publisherLocation":"Baton Rouge, LA","collaboration":"Prepared by State of Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, Office of Public Works, in cooperation with the United States Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Snider, J., and Sanford, T., 1981, Water resources of the terrace aquifers, central Louisiana: Water Resources Technical Report 25, viii, 48 p.; 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Precipitation ranges from 35 to 50 inches per year across the outcrop area, which is well suited to allow high rates of infiltration. The aquifer contains an estimated 31,600,000 acre-feet of water having less than 1,000 milligrams per liter dissolved solids. The average saturated sand thickness is 250 feet. Aquifer tests in the confined part of the aquifer give an average storage coefficient of 0.0005 and an average transmissivity of 1,480 feet squared per day. The estimated specific yield of the unconfined part of the aquifer is 0.15; the transmissivity has not been determined. Large-capacity wells tapping the aquifer commonly yield 100 to 500 gallons per minute; the maximum measured yield is 1,700 gallons per minute. Water usage from the aquifer is very small owing to the availability of an abundance of surface water. Water quality throughout the central and northern part of the aquifer is generally acceptable for municipal use. A few wells, however, yield water containing concentrations of iron and manganese exceeding the limit recommended for municipal use by the National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering (1972).","language":"English","publisher":"Oklahoma Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the Oklahoma Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Hart, D.L., and Davis, R.E., 1981, Geohydrology of the Antlers aquifer (Cretaceous), southeastern Oklahoma: Circular 81, iv, 33 p.: Map: 1 Sheet: 47 x 22 inches.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p.: Map: 1 Sheet: 47 x 22 inches","numberOfPages":"38","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272907,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70046131.jpg"},{"id":272906,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://www.ogs.ou.edu/pubsscanned/CircularsPlates/C81PI.pdf"},{"id":272904,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.ogs.ou.edu/pubsscanned/Circulars/circular81mm.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -103.0,33.6158 ], [ -103.0,37.0 ], [ -94.4307,37.0 ], [ -94.4307,33.6158 ], [ -103.0,33.6158 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a5d1e8e4b0605bc571efb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Donald L. 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Part 2 also summarizes the evidence of interbasin ground-water flow in west-central Utah and presents a theory for the origin of the water discharged from Fish Springs.","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with The Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Gates, J., and Kruer, S.A., 1981, Hydrologic reconnaissance of the southern Great Salt Lake Desert and summary of the hydrology of west-central Utah: Technical Publication 71, Report: vi, 55 p.; 4 Plates: 15.71 x 30.64 inches or smaller.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 55 p.; 4 Plates: 15.71 x 30.64 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"61","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331991,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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Precipitation, the main source of water in the area, ranges from slightly less than 6 inches (152 millimeters) per year in the lowlands to more than 30 inches per year (762 millimeters) in the Henry Mountains and along the western boundary.","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with The Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Hood, J.W., and Danielson, T.W., 1981, Bedrock aquifers in the lower Dirty Devil River basin area, Utah, with special emphasis on the Navajo sandstone: Technical Publication 68, vi, 143 p.","productDescription":"vi, 143 p.","numberOfPages":"152","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267773,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267772,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v920/w920/w920009u.pdf"},{"id":331979,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-5-630"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Dirty Devil River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.5,\n 37.9\n ],\n [\n -111.5,\n 38.9\n ],\n [\n -110,\n 38.9\n ],\n [\n -110,\n 37.9\n ],\n [\n -111.5,\n 37.9\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5124ad05e4b0b6328103b359","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hood, J. 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It includes about 1,300 square miles (3,370 square kilometers) in the upper Virgin River basin and about 650 square miles (1,680 square kilometers) in the upper Kanab Creek basin. The area is sparsely populated with Kanab (population about 1,400 in 1975) being the largest community. 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This retardation of sulfate reduction diminishes the effectiveness of sulfate as an oxidizing agent. Consequently, as cooling proceeds, the reducing effect of H2S (and other reduced species) is not balanced with the oxidizing effect of SO (super -2) 4 to the same extent as at higher temperatures. The result is a progressively more reducing solution, which is precisely what is needed to precipitate reduced uranium minerals and to generate the paragenetic sequence observed in these deposits. The same mechanism may apply to other types of epithermal deposits.","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","publisherLocation":"Littleton, CO","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.76.8.2236","usgsCitation":"Spirakis, C.S., 1981, The possible role of sulfate-reduction kinetics in the formation of hydrothermal uranium deposits: Economic Geology, v. 76, no. 8, p. 2236-2239, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.76.8.2236.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"2236","endPage":"2239","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":267293,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1981-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"511b728ce4b0e3ef7b6f1e72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spirakis, Charles S.","contributorId":97111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spirakis","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70046746,"text":"70046746 - 1981 - Natural drainage basins in Connecticut","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":46842,"text":"ofr72378 - 1972 - Drainage areas, Ellington Quadrangle, Connecticut","indexId":"ofr72378","publicationYear":"1972","noYear":false,"title":"Drainage areas, Ellington Quadrangle, Connecticut"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70046746,"text":"70046746 - 1981 - Natural drainage basins in Connecticut","indexId":"70046746","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Natural drainage basins in Connecticut"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-08T20:13:32","indexId":"70046746","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":246,"text":"Connecticut Natural Resources Atlas Series","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"title":"Natural drainage basins in Connecticut","docAbstract":"No abstract available.