No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01622104","usgsCitation":"Clark, D.R., 1981, Death in bats from DDE, DDT, or dieldrin: Diagnosis via residues in carcass fat: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 26, no. 3, p. 367-374, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01622104.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"374","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199074,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db67286d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, D. R. Jr.","contributorId":40928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"D.","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221707,"text":"5221707 - 1981 - Transport case for incubated eggs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-02T17:16:07","indexId":"5221707","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transport case for incubated eggs","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Erickson, R., 1981, Transport case for incubated eggs: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 9, no. 1, p. 57-60.","productDescription":"57-60","startPage":"57","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17626,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3782020","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ce4b07f02db626c08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erickson, R.C.","contributorId":22032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5222209,"text":"5222209 - 1981 - Colony site dynamics and habitat use in Atlantic coast seabirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-13T16:12:57","indexId":"5222209","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Colony site dynamics and habitat use in Atlantic coast seabirds","docAbstract":"Seabird colony sizes and movements were documented in the DelMarVa coastal region in 1976-1977 and in New Jersey in 1978-1979. Most colonies were found on marsh and dredge deposition islands and on barrier island beaches. For the \"traditionally\" beach-nesting Herring Gull, Common Tern, and Black Skimmer, larger, more stable colonies were found on barrier beaches than on marsh islands. In marsh habitats, rates of colony-site change of marsh-nesting Forster's Tern and Laughing Gulls were similar to those of the former beach nesters. Several adaptations have evolved in marsh specialists to cope with a high risk of reproductive failure due to flooding, but both Herring Gulls and Common Terns also appear to be very adaptable in nesting under various habitat conditions.
New colonies and those abandoned between years may be pioneering attempts by younger or inexperienced birds, because they are often smaller than persistent colonies, although patterns differ among areas and habitats. Colony-site dynamics are complex and result from many selective factors including competition, predation, physical changes in site structure, and flooding. The invasion of Herring Gulls into marshes along the mid-Atlantic coast has had an impact on new colony-site choice by associated seabirds.
Calculating colony-site turnover rates allows for comparisons among species, habitats, and regions and may give useful insights into habitat quality and change and alternative nesting strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R., Galli, J., and Burger, J., 1981, Colony site dynamics and habitat use in Atlantic coast seabirds: The Auk, v. 98, no. 3, p. 550-561.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"550","endPage":"561","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341272,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4086121"}],"volume":"98","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae870","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Galli, J.","contributorId":39753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galli","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burger, J.","contributorId":25894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burger","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221698,"text":"5221698 - 1981 - Iatrogenic salt poisoning in captive sandhill cranes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:39","indexId":"5221698","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2528,"text":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Iatrogenic salt poisoning in captive sandhill cranes","docAbstract":"Salt poisoning developed in captive sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) when sea salt was added to normal drinking water to produce a sodium chloride concentration of 1%. Two of 18 cranes died and 2 were euthanatized when moribund. Muscle weakness, paresis, dyspnea, and depression were observed. Brain and serum sodium, serum uric acid,:and plasma osmolality values were abnormally high. Lesions were those of visceral gout, renal tubular necrosis, nephrosis, and skeletal muscle.necrosis. ","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Franson, J.C., Sileo, L., and Fleming, W.J., 1981, Iatrogenic salt poisoning in captive sandhill cranes: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, v. 179, no. 11, p. 1211-1213.","productDescription":"1211-1213","startPage":"1211","endPage":"1213","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"179","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5facdd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sileo, L.","contributorId":46895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sileo","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleming, W. James","contributorId":85279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221708,"text":"5221708 - 1981 - A technique for vasectomizing birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:53","indexId":"5221708","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A technique for vasectomizing birds","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Published under General Notes","usgsCitation":"Ellis, D.H., and Carpenter, J.W., 1981, A technique for vasectomizing birds: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 52, no. 1, p. 69-71.","productDescription":"69-71","startPage":"69","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17625,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/JFO/v052n01/p0069-p0071.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"52","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a5b8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, D. H.","contributorId":79830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221709,"text":"5221709 - 1981 - Forty-fourth breeding bird census. 60. Beech-spruce-hemlock forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:53","indexId":"5221709","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":708,"text":"American Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forty-fourth breeding bird census. 60. Beech-spruce-hemlock forest","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Droege, S., and Noon, B., 1981, Forty-fourth breeding bird census. 60. Beech-spruce-hemlock forest: American Birds, v. 35, no. 1.","productDescription":"64","startPage":"64","numberOfPages":"64","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198829,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b3e4b07f02db531847","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Droege, Sam 0000-0003-4393-0403","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4393-0403","contributorId":64185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Droege","given":"Sam","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":334494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noon, B.R.","contributorId":24311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noon","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221713,"text":"5221713 - 1981 - Forty-fourth breeding bird census: 85. Jack pine-black spruce forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:53","indexId":"5221713","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":708,"text":"American Birds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forty-fourth breeding bird census: 85. Jack pine-black spruce forest","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Dawson, D., and Walch, M., 1981, Forty-fourth breeding bird census: 85. Jack pine-black spruce forest: American Birds, v. 35, no. 1, p. 70-71.","productDescription":"70-71","startPage":"70","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198833,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b6e4b07f02db534430","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dawson, D.","contributorId":72901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walch, M.","contributorId":66809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walch","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221712,"text":"5221712 - 1981 - Captive-reared Mississippi sandhill cranes released into the wild","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:53","indexId":"5221712","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1085,"text":"Brolga Bugle","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Captive-reared Mississippi sandhill cranes released into the wild","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Brolga Bugle","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Derrickson, S., 1981, Captive-reared Mississippi sandhill cranes released into the wild: Brolga Bugle, v. 7, no. 2.","productDescription":"2","startPage":"2","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198832,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f6984","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Derrickson, S.R.","contributorId":28927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derrickson","given":"S.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221723,"text":"5221723 - 1981 - Pharmocokinetics of cephalothin and cephalexin in selected avian species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:39","indexId":"5221723","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":734,"text":"American Journal of Veterinary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pharmocokinetics of cephalothin and cephalexin in selected avian species","docAbstract":"Plasma concentrations and the biological half-lives of cephalothin and cephalexin in avian species of a variety of body sizes and metabolic rates were studied. The species chosen were eastern bobwhite quail (Colinus v virginianus), pigeons (Columba livia), hybrid rosybill ducks (Netta sp), greater sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis tabida), and emus (Dromiceius novaehollandiae). In the 1st phase of the study, cephalothin sodium was given IM in a dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight. Plasma concentrations reached peak (av 18 micrograms/ml) at 0.5 hour and were measurable 2.5 to 5.5 hours after drug administration. The biological half-life of cephalothin was 16 to 54 minutes; the half-life varied directly with increased species body weight, with the exception of the ducks studied. In the 2nd phase, cephalexin monohydrate was given orally in doses of 25, 35, and 50 mg/kg of body weight. Plasma concentrations reached peak (av 20 micrograms/ml) at 0.5 to 1 hour and were measurable 2.5 to 5.5 hours after drug administration. The biological half-life of cephalexin was 36 to 126 minutes. In the 3rd phase, differences in plasma concentrations and the half-lives of cephalexin between fed quail and fasted quail were insignificant. Dosage regimens for cephalothin of 100 mg/kg 4 times a day and for cephalexin of 35 to 50 mg/kg 4 times a day would be expected to establish and maintain therapeutic plasma concentrations in large birds (pigeons, cranes, and emus). These same doses, administered every 2 to 3 hours, would be expected to establish and maintain therapeutic plasma concentrations in smaller birds (quail, ducks).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Journal of Veterinary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Bush, M., Locke, D., Neal, L., and Carpenter, J.W., 1981, Pharmocokinetics of cephalothin and cephalexin in selected avian species: American Journal of Veterinary Research, v. 42, no. 6, p. 1014-1017.","productDescription":"1014-1017","startPage":"1014","endPage":"1017","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685fee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bush, M.","contributorId":20433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bush","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Locke, D.","contributorId":58725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neal, L.A.","contributorId":47878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5221705,"text":"5221705 - 1981 - Censusing wading bird colonies: An update on the 'flight-line' count method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T13:00:42.223352","indexId":"5221705","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Censusing wading bird colonies: An update on the 'flight-line' count method","docAbstract":"1. Thirteen mixed-species heronries (10 in Florida, two in Virginia, one in North Carolina) were studied in 1980 as part of a project begun in 1979 aimed at evaluating the 'flight-line' census method..2. Standardized counts of Snowy and Cattle Egrets, Louisiana and Little Blue Herons flying to and from the nesting colony were made for three hr periods, followed by a nest count of the colony. 3.Significant differences were found in the flight rates (number of birds per nest x hour) of the four species at the Chincoteague colony. However, when Cattle Egrets and Louisiana Herons were compared at all 13 colonies, their respective flight rates were in opposite rank to those at Chincoteague. Colony differences, then, may mask species differences. 4. A linear regression model showed a strong fit (R2=0.92) between the hourly flight number (3 hr means) and the nest number, but point estimates (single colony) had very large confidence limits. A given colony might be over-or underestimated by a factor of 2, using the regression equation as a predictive model. 5. A more appropriate application of the method would be to determine regionwide (e.g., state), rather than colony-specific, population estimates. 'Total' estimates for all (n= 13) colonies were within 10% of the actual nest number.","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521120","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R., 1981, Censusing wading bird colonies: An update on the 'flight-line' count method: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 4, p. 91-95, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521120.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"95","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196606,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6e95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221722,"text":"5221722 - 1981 - Gentamicin tissue concentration in various avian species following recommended dosage therapy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:52","indexId":"5221722","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":734,"text":"American Journal of Veterinary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gentamicin tissue concentration in various avian species following recommended dosage therapy","docAbstract":"Plasma and tissue drug concentrations were compared in eastern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus virginianus) and pigeons (Columba livia) given gentamicin by IM administration at the dosage of 10 mg/kg, and in greater sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis tabida) and hybrid rosybill ducks (Netta sp) given the same antibiotic at a dosage of 5 mg/kg. Quail and cranes had significantly higher liver concentrations of gentamicin at 6 hours after injection than did pigeons and ducks. Cranes had significantly higher plasma concentrations than did ducks at 6 hours after injection. Compared with plasma values, gentamicin concentrations were significantly higher in the liver of cranes at 12 hours after injection, and in the kidneys at 18 hours.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Journal of Veterinary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Bush, M., Locke, D., Neal, L., and Carpenter, J.W., 1981, Gentamicin tissue concentration in various avian species following recommended dosage therapy: American Journal of Veterinary Research, v. 42, no. 12, p. 2114-2116.","productDescription":"2114-2116","startPage":"2114","endPage":"2116","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199076,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae9fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bush, M.","contributorId":20433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bush","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Locke, D.","contributorId":58725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neal, L.A.","contributorId":47878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5223131,"text":"5223131 - 1981 - Marine turtles of the Galapagos Islands and adjacent areas of the eastern Pacific on the basis of observations made by J.R. Slevin 1905-1906","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-10T16:57:17.220224","indexId":"5223131","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marine turtles of the Galapagos Islands and adjacent areas of the eastern Pacific on the basis of observations made by J.R. Slevin 1905-1906","docAbstract":"The field notes of J. R. Slevin written during the expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the Galapagos Islands in 1905-1096 contain previously unavailable data on the marine turtles of the eastern Pacific. 'Land basking' by green turtles in Galapagos was predominately, if not exclusively, a female behavior. These terrestrial emergences were not concentrated in the major reproductive season of Galapagos turtles. Female Chelonia were also collected on shore during daylight hours on Socorro Island southwest of Baja California, Mexico. Chelonia, green turtles, were observed to feed on seaweed, the leaves and shoots of mangrove trees, and the leaves of another unidentified shoreline shrub. Comparative data on the gonads of dark and yellow turtles indicated that the latter did not breed in Galapagos during Slevin's stay. Lepidochelys olivacea, the olive ridley, was recorded in Galapagos waters and fed on fish eggs","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","doi":"10.2307/1563432","usgsCitation":"Fritts, T.H., 1981, Marine turtles of the Galapagos Islands and adjacent areas of the eastern Pacific on the basis of observations made by J.R. Slevin 1905-1906: Journal of Herpetology, v. 15, no. 3, p. 293-301, https://doi.org/10.2307/1563432.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"301","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195870,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60eca1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fritts, T. H.","contributorId":40147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"T.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221714,"text":"5221714 - 1981 - Importance of structural stability to success of mourning dove nests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T10:10:13","indexId":"5221714","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:57","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Importance of structural stability to success of mourning dove nests","docAbstract":"Studies of nest-site selection and nesting habitats often involve a \"characterization\" of nests and of habitats in which nests are found. Our objective in the present work is to identify nest-site characteristics that are associated with variation in components of Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura) fitness (e.g. the probability of a nest succeeding), as opposed to simply \"characterizing\" dove nest sites. If certain nest- site characteristics affect the probability that a nest will succeed, then we suspect that these characteristics will be associated with either concealment (the probability of detection by certain predators) or structural stability (the probability of eggs or entire nests falling to the ground as a result of wind, rain storms, parental activity, etc.). Although other workers agree that structural stability is an important determinant of Mourning Dove nesting success (e.g. McClure 1944: 384; Woolfenden and Rohwer 1969: 59), we are aware of no actual tests of this hypothesis.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Coon, R., Nichols, J., and Percival, H., 1981, Importance of structural stability to success of mourning dove nests: The Auk, v. 98, no. 2, p. 389-391.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"389","endPage":"391","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341273,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4086080"}],"volume":"98","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5f51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coon, R.A.","contributorId":43060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coon","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Percival, H.F.","contributorId":31716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Percival","given":"H.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221697,"text":"5221697 - 1981 - A continuing search for solutions--wolves and livestock in Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:52","indexId":"5221697","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:12:39","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3113,"text":"Predator","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A continuing search for solutions--wolves and livestock in Minnesota","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Predator","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fritts, S.H., 1981, A continuing search for solutions--wolves and livestock in Minnesota: Predator, v. 8, no. 1.","startPage":"6","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199169,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6af829","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fritts, S. H.","contributorId":50233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221703,"text":"5221703 - 1981 - Recovery of cholinesterase activity in mallard ducklings administered organophosphorus pesticides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T14:33:19","indexId":"5221703","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2480,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recovery of cholinesterase activity in mallard ducklings administered organophosphorus pesticides","docAbstract":"Oral doses of the organophosphorus pesticides acephate, dicrotophos, fensulfothion, fonofos, malathion, and parathion were administered to mallard ducklings (Anas platyrhynchos), and brain and plasma cholinesterase (ChE) activities were determined for up to 77 d after dosing. In vivo recovery of brain ChE activity to within 2 standard deviations of the mean activity of undosed birds occurred within 8 d, after being depressed an average of 25-58% at 24 h after dosing. In vivo recovery of plasma ChE appeared as fast as or faster than that of brain, but the pattern of recovery was more erratic and therefore statistical comparison with brain ChE recovery was not attempted. In vitro tests indicated that the potential for dephosphorylation to contribute to in vivo recovery of inhibited brain ChE differed among chemical treatments. Some ducklings died as a result of organophosphate dosing. In an experiment in which ducklings within each treatment group received the same dose (mg/kg), the brain ChE activity in birds that died was less than that in birds that survived. Brain ChE activities in ducklings that died were significantly different among pesticide treatments: fensulfothion > parathion> acephate > malathion (p < 0.05).
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/15287398109530123","usgsCitation":"Fleming, W.J., and Bradbury, S., 1981, Recovery of cholinesterase activity in mallard ducklings administered organophosphorus pesticides: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, v. 8, no. 5-6, p. 885-897, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398109530123.","productDescription":" p.","startPage":"885","endPage":"897","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480560,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/nrem_pubs/166","text":"External Repository"},{"id":193350,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c1a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, W. James","contributorId":85279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradbury, S.P.","contributorId":20025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221702,"text":"5221702 - 1981 - DDE residues in young wood ducks (Aix sponsa) near a former DDT manufacturing plant","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-21T19:20:26","indexId":"5221702","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"DDE residues in young wood ducks (Aix sponsa) near a former DDT manufacturing plant","docAbstract":"Breast muscle DDE residues were as high as 5.8 ppm wet-weight basis and 280 ppm lipid-weight basis in young wood ducks (Aix Sponsa) collected on Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge near a former DDT manufacturing plant in northern Alabama. The average DDE residue in wood ducks collected nearest the plant was 46 times background levels 74 km from the plant.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Federal Working Group on Pest Management","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Fleming, W.J., and Cromartie, E., 1981, DDE residues in young wood ducks (Aix sponsa) near a former DDT manufacturing plant: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 14, no. 4, p. 115-118.","productDescription":"115-118","startPage":"115","endPage":"118","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267906,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26096955"},{"id":198754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c7fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, W. James","contributorId":85279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cromartie, E.","contributorId":13926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cromartie","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221661,"text":"5221661 - 1981 - Organochlorine residues and mortality of herons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T14:48:55","indexId":"5221661","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine residues and mortality of herons","docAbstract":"Since 1966, 72 herons found dead or moribund in the field have been analyzed for organochlorine chemicals. In addition, 36 herons were obtained through systematic collections, and carcasses were analyzed to determine sublethal exposure to organochlorines. Brains of birds found dead or moribund were analyzed to determine whether the birds had died of organochlorine poisoning. Residues of DDE were found most frequently (96 of 105 carcasses analyzed), PCBs were second (detected in 90 carcasses), and dieldrin and TDE (detected in 37 and 35 carcasses, respectively) were about equal as third and fourth most frequent. Endrin, mirex, toxaphene, and HCB were found least often (8, 9, 9, and 9 carcasses, respectively). At least one organochlorine was found in each carcass, except for six heron chicks found dead in a Maryland heronry. DDE and PCBs were present in highest concentrations; they exceeded 100 ppm in two birds each. Organochlorine concentrations were almost always higher in adult herons than in immature birds. All birds that had hazardous or lethal concentrations in the brain were adults, and most were great blue herons (Ardea herodias). Dieldrin was the chemical most often considered responsible for death. Herons died of suspected DDT and dieldrin poisoning years after the chemicals were banned in the United States. More than 20 percent of the herons found dead or moribund had lethal or hazardous concentrations of organochlorines in the brain.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Ohlendorf, H.M., Swineford, D.M., and Locke, L.N., 1981, Organochlorine residues and mortality of herons: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 14, no. 4, p. 125-135.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"135","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267905,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26096965"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Michigan, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Lake Champlain, Mobile Bay, Lake Saint Clair","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n 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M.","contributorId":176501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swineford","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Locke, Louis N.","contributorId":71233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Locke","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5221688,"text":"5221688 - 1981 - Organochlorine and metal residues in eggs of waterfowl nesting on islands in Lake Michigan off Door County, Wisconsin, 1977-78","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-21T19:22:48","indexId":"5221688","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine and metal residues in eggs of waterfowl nesting on islands in Lake Michigan off Door County, Wisconsin, 1977-78","docAbstract":"One egg from each of 114 red-breasted merganser (Mergus serrator) nests in 1977 and 92 nests in 1978 was collected and later analyzed for organochlorines, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polychlorinated styrenes (PCSs). and metals. One egg was also collected from each of the dabbling duck nests located: Twenty-nine of these eggs were analyzed for organochlorines and metals in 1977; 10 eggs were analyzed in 1978. All merganser eggs contained DDE, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and dieldrin; all but one egg collected in 1978 contained DDT. DDE and PCB levels had declined since 1975 to a geometric mean of 7.4 ppm DDE and 20 ppm PCBs in 1977 and 7.6 ppm DDE and 19 ppm PCBs in 1978. Dieldrin residues in eggs had not declined from 1975 Ievels; the geometric mean was 0.78 ppm in 1977 and 0.76 ppm in 1978. Other organochlorines were present at low levels. Mercury residues averaged >0,50 ppm in merganser eggs and had not declined since 1975. Other metals were present at low levels. Dabbling ducks generally had much lower organochlorine and Hg residues than mergansers; DDE and PCBs were the only organochlorines present in the majority of eggs. Geometric means of PCBs and DDE in dabbling duck eggs did not exceed 2.0 ppm and 1.0 ppm, respectively. PBBs and PCSs were detected only in a few merganser eggs, at low levels. Eggshell thickness for red-breasted merganser eggs averaged 0.359 mm in 1977 and 0.355 mm in 1978, which is only 2%-3% below pre-1946 thicknesses. Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) eggshell thicknesses averaged 0.331 mm in 1977 and 0.337 mm in 1978.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Federal Working Group on Pest Management","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Haseltine, S.D., Heinz, G.H., Reichel, W.L., and Moore, J.F., 1981, Organochlorine and metal residues in eggs of waterfowl nesting on islands in Lake Michigan off Door County, Wisconsin, 1977-78: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 15, no. 2, p. 90-97.","productDescription":"90-97","startPage":"90","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267907,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26097172"},{"id":193888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cde4b07f02db544a9d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haseltine, S. D.","contributorId":80219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haseltine","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reichel, W. L.","contributorId":50482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reichel","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, John F.","contributorId":30185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5221677,"text":"5221677 - 1981 - Embryotoxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene, chrysene and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene in petroleum hydrocarbon mixtures in mallard ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-16T15:28:24","indexId":"5221677","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2480,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Embryotoxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene, chrysene and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene in petroleum hydrocarbon mixtures in mallard ducks","docAbstract":"Studies with different avian species have revealed that surface applications of microliter amounts of some crude and fuel oils that coat less than 70% of the egg surface result in considerable reduction in hatching with teratogenicity and stunted growth. Other stUdies have shown that the embryo toxicity is dependent on the aromatic hydrocarbon content, further suggesting that the toxicity is due to causes other than asphyxia. In the present study the effects of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons identified in petroleum were examined on mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) embryo development. Addition of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), chrysene, or 7,7 2-dimethylbenz[ a]anthracene (DMBA) to a synthetic petroleum hydrocarbon mixture of known composition and relatively low embryotoxicity resulted in embryo toxicity that was enhanced or equal to that of crude oil when 10 :I was applied externally to eggs at 72 h of development. The order of ability to enhance embryo toxicity was DMBA > BaP > chrysene. The temporal pattern of embryonic death was similar to that reported after exposure to crude oil, with additional mortality occurring after outgrowth of the chorioallantois. Retarded growth, as reflected by embryonic body weight, crown-rump length, and bill length, was accompanied by teratogenicity. Abnormal embryos exhibited extreme stunting; eye, brain, and bill defects; and incomplete ossification. Gas chromatographic-mass spectral analysis of externally treated eggs showed the passage of aromatic hydrocarbons including chrysene through the shell and shell membranes to the developing embryos. These findings suggest that the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in petroleum, including BaP, chrysene, and DMBA, significantly enhances the overall embryotoxicity in avian species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/15287398109530019","collaboration":"2550_Hoffman.pdf","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., and Gay, M.L., 1981, Embryotoxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene, chrysene and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene in petroleum hydrocarbon mixtures in mallard ducks: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, v. 7, no. 5, p. 775-787, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398109530019.","productDescription":"775-787","startPage":"775","endPage":"787","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269457,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287398109530019"},{"id":197697,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db6059bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gay, M. L.","contributorId":91191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221717,"text":"5221717 - 1981 - Effects of DDE and PCB (Aroclor 1260) on experimentally poisoned little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus): Lethal brain concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-16T15:30:40","indexId":"5221717","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2480,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of DDE and PCB (Aroclor 1260) on experimentally poisoned little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus): Lethal brain concentrations","docAbstract":"Adult female little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) were collected in a church attic in North East, Cecil County, Md. Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) containing organochlorine pollutants were fed to the bats as follows: 5 bats were dosed at 480 ppm DDE, 12 at 150 ppm DDE, 5 at 1000 ppm polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB; Aroclor 1260), and 12 at 15 ppm PCB. Seven other bats were fed untreated mealworms. The objective was to elevate brain levels of DDE and PCB to lethality and measure these concentrations. During 40 d of dosage, one DDE-dosed bat and two PCB-dosed bats died after exhibiting the prolonged tremor that characterizes organochlorine poisoning. After dosage, surviving bats were starved to elevate brain levels of toxicants, and three additional DDE-dosed bats had tremors before dying. The mean brain concentration of DDE diagnostic of death was estimated as 603 ppm, range 540-670 ppm. This mean is 16-18% higher than means for Mexican free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) and common grackles (Quiscalus quiscula), and may indicate less sensitivity. Lethal brain concentrations of Aroclor 1260 were 1300 and 1500 ppm. Such values appear to be higher than values (Aroclor 1254) for brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater). During starvation, DDE-dosed bats lost weight about 24% faster than controls. If smaller amounts of stored DDE cause increases in metabolic rates of nonfeeding bats, as during hibernation or migration, the result could be premature energy depletion and increased mortality.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/15287398109530035","usgsCitation":"Clark, D.R., and Stafford, C.J., 1981, Effects of DDE and PCB (Aroclor 1260) on experimentally poisoned little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus): Lethal brain concentrations: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, v. 7, no. 6, p. 925-934, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398109530035.","productDescription":"925-934","startPage":"925","endPage":"934","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":269459,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287398109530035"},{"id":196604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db625282","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, D. R. Jr.","contributorId":40928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"D.","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stafford, C. J.","contributorId":65429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221721,"text":"5221721 - 1981 - Nationwide residues of organochlorine compounds in wings of adult mallards and black ducks, 1979-80","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-21T19:16:15","indexId":"5221721","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nationwide residues of organochlorine compounds in wings of adult mallards and black ducks, 1979-80","docAbstract":"Organochlorine residues in wings of adult mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and black ducks (Anas rubripes) were monitored nationwide from birds harvested during the 1979-80 hunting season. DDE residues were found in all samples. DDT residues had declined from levels reported in 1976 on a flyway basis but the decline was significant (P less than 0.05) only in the Pacific Flyway. Levels of DDT, DDE, TDE, and dieldrin were low on a flyway basis, and all but DDE declined significantly (P less than 0.05) in the percent occurrence. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) levels were lower in mallard wings from all flyways compared with 1976 data, but percent occurrence had significantly (P less than 0.05) increased. Pools from Alabama and New Mexico continued to show higher DDE residues than pools from other areas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Federal Working Group on Pest Management","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Cain, B.W., 1981, Nationwide residues of organochlorine compounds in wings of adult mallards and black ducks, 1979-80: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 15, no. 3, p. 128-134.","productDescription":"128-134","startPage":"128","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267904,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/26097216"},{"id":193362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db69832c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cain, B. W.","contributorId":89989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221647,"text":"5221647 - 1981 - Studies on the riboflavin, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid and choline requirements of young Embden geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-27T09:55:58","indexId":"5221647","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3105,"text":"Poultry Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Studies on the riboflavin, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid and choline requirements of young Embden geese","docAbstract":"Four experiments were conducted to examine the riboflavin, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, and choline requirements of young Embden geese fed purified diets. Goslings fed diets deficient in either riboflavin, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, or choline grew poorly. Feeding a pantothenic acid-deficient diet resulted in 100% mortality. Goslings fed diets containing 530 mg/kg of choline or less developed perosis. Under the conditions of these experiments it was found that: 1) goslings require no more than 3.84 mg/kg of riboflavin and 31.2 mg/kg of nicotinic acid in the diet for rapid growth and normal development, 2) the pantothenic acid requirement of goslings is no more than 12.6 mg/kg of diet, and 3) a dietary choline level of 1530 mg/kg is adequate for both the prevention of perosis and rapid growth of goslings. The levels of vitamins found to support normal growth and development of goslings appear to be similar to requirements of other species that have been examined.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Poultry Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Poultry Science Association","doi":"10.3382/ps.0601910","usgsCitation":"Serafin, J.A., 1981, Studies on the riboflavin, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid and choline requirements of young Embden geese: Poultry Science, v. 60, no. 8, p. 1910-1915, https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0601910.","startPage":"1910","endPage":"1915","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480561,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0601910","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":268434,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.0601910"},{"id":196819,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699dc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Serafin, John A.","contributorId":11292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Serafin","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}