The Trans-Hudson orogen (THO) is one of the best-preserved Proterozoic orogens on Earth, largely unaffected by subsequent tectonism, yet its southern extent lies concealed beneath the North American Central Plains. A new 3D resistivity model over the southern orogen is developed and interpreted alongside borehole, potential field, and seismic reflection data. We present the first synoptic crustal view of the southern THO and a new tectonic model of the orogen. Our model reveals high-conductivity belts marking paleo-subduction zones while the orogen center consists of deeply exhumed relatively dense and mostly magnetic juvenile crust preserved between the deformed margins of the Wyoming and Superior cratons. Complex structure along the western margin suggests convergence began with oblique subduction and the northward transport of severed fragments of the Wyoming Province. High-conductivity belts are in places offset from upper-crustal geophysical boundaries, consistent with the thrusting of accreted arcs over the Archean margins during terminal closure.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2021GL092970","usgsCitation":"Bedrosian, P.A., and Finn, C., 2021, When Wyoming became Superior: Oblique convergence along the southern Trans-Hudson orogen: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 48, no. 13, e2021GL092970, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL092970.","productDescription":"e2021GL092970, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-128575","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":501577,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":501605,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl092970","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.52047674158729,\n 55.2786050391222\n ],\n [\n -111.52047674158729,\n 41.422595132286716\n ],\n [\n -91.30332888849887,\n 41.422595132286716\n ],\n [\n -91.30332888849887,\n 55.2786050391222\n ],\n [\n -111.52047674158729,\n 55.2786050391222\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finn, Carol A. 0000-0002-6178-0405","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":229711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Carol A.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":957954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70222498,"text":"70222498 - 2021 - Movement of sediment through a burned landscape: Sediment volume observations and model comparisons in the San Gabriel Mountains, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-30T12:53:39.663168","indexId":"70222498","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-15T07:51:13","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movement of sediment through a burned landscape: Sediment volume observations and model comparisons in the San Gabriel Mountains, California, USA","docAbstract":"Post-wildfire changes to hydrologic and geomorphic systems can lead to widespread sediment redistribution. Understanding how sediment moves through a watershed is crucial for assessing hazards, developing debris flow inundation models, engineering sediment retention solutions, and quantifying the role that disturbances play in landscape evolution. In this study, we used terrestrial and airborne lidar to measure sediment redistribution in the 2016 Fish Fire, in the San Gabriel Mountains in southern California, USA. The lidar areas are in two adjacent watersheds, at spatial scales of 900 m2 to 4 km2, respectively. Terrestrial lidar data were acquired prior to rainfall, and two subsequent surveys show erosional change after rainstorms. Two airborne lidar flights occurred (1) 7 months before, and (2) 14 months after the fire ignition, capturing the erosional effects after rainfall. We found hillslope erosion dominated the overall sediment budget in the first rainy season after wildfire. Only 7% of the total erosion came from the active channel bed and channel banks, and the remaining 93% of eroded sediment was derived from hillslopes. Within the channelized portion of the watershed erosion/deposition could be generally described with topographic metrics used in a stream power equation. Observed sediment volumes were compared with four empirical models and one process-based model. We found that the best predictions of sediment volume were obtained from an empirical model developed in the same physiographic region. Moreover, this study showed that post-wildfire erosion rates in the San Gabriel Mountains attain the same magnitude as millennial time scale bedrock erosion rates.
Citizen science, or community science, has emerged as a cost-efficient method to collect data for wildlife monitoring. To inform research and conservation, citizen science sampling designs should collect data that match the robust statistical analyses needed to quantify species and population patterns. Further increasing the contributions of citizen science, integrating citizen science data with other datasets and datatypes can improve population estimates and expand the spatiotemporal extent of inference. We demonstrate these points with a citizen science program called iSeeMammals developed in New York state in 2017 to supplement costly systematic spatial capture-recapture sampling by collecting opportunistic data from one-off observations, hikes, and camera traps. iSeeMammals has initially focused on the growing population of American black bear (Ursus americanus), with integrated analysis of iSeeMammals camera trap data with systematic data for a region with a growing bear population. The triumvirate of increased spatial and temporal coverage by at least twofold compared to systematic sampling, an 83% reduction in annual sampling costs, and improved density estimates when integrated with systematic data highlight the benefits of collecting presence-absence data in citizen science programs for estimating population patterns. Additional opportunities will come from applying presence-only data, which are oftentimes more prevalent than presence-absence data, to integrated models. Patterns in data submission and filtering also emphasize the importance of iteratively evaluating patterns in engagement, usability, and accessibility, especially focusing on younger adult and teenage demographics, to improve data quality and quantity. We explore how the development and use of integrated models may be paired with citizen science project design in order to facilitate repeated use of datasets in standalone and integrated analyses for supporting wildlife monitoring and informing conservation.
Tree hyraxes (Dendrohyrax) are one of only three genera currently recognized in Procaviidae, the only extant family in the mammalian order Hyracoidea. Their taxonomy and natural history have received little attention in recent decades. All tree hyrax populations of Guineo-Congolian forests of Africa are currently treated as a single species, Dendrohyrax dorsalis, the western tree hyrax, but many other groups of mammals distributed across this large biome have been shown to consist of several different species, each restricted to a distinct biogeographical region. We analysed variation in loud-call structure, pelage colour, skull morphometrics and mitochondrial genomes in populations across much of the range of D. dorsalis. This integrative approach uncovered considerable cryptic variation. The population found between the Niger and Volta Rivers in West Africa is particularly distinctive, and we describe it herein as a new species. Our study highlights the need to revise the taxonomy of the genus Dendrohyrax in light of modern systematics and current understanding of its distribution. It also adds to a growing body of evidence that the Niger–Volta interfluvium has a distinct meso-mammal fauna. Unfortunately, the fauna of this region is under major threat and warrants much greater conservation attention.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab029","usgsCitation":"Oates, J.F., Woodman, N., Gaubert, P., Sargis, E.J., Wiafe, E.D., Lecompte, E., Dowsett-Lemaire, F., Dowsett, R.J., Bi, S.G., Ikemeh, R.A., Djagoun, C., Tomsett, L., and Bearder, S.K., 2021, A new species of tree hyrax (Procaviidae: Dendrohyrax) from West Africa and the significance of the Niger–Volta interfluvium in mammalian biogeography: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, zlab029, https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab029.","productDescription":"zlab029","ipdsId":"IP-127431","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451883,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab029","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":386520,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"West Africa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -19.33593749999999,\n 2.811371193331128\n ],\n [\n 22.14843750000001,\n 2.811371193331128\n ],\n [\n 22.14843750000001,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -19.33593749999999,\n 36.59788913307022\n ],\n [\n -19.33593749999999,\n 2.811371193331128\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oates, John F. 0000-0001-5943-4557","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5943-4557","contributorId":260296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oates","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":52558,"text":"Department of Anthropology, Hunter College CUNY, New York, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodman, Neal 0000-0003-2689-7373 nwoodman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":3547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"Neal","email":"nwoodman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":817705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gaubert, Philippe 0000-0002-1375-9935","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1375-9935","contributorId":149820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaubert","given":"Philippe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17834,"text":"Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (ISEM) – UM2-CNRS-IRD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex 05, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sargis, Eric J. 0000-0003-0424-3803","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0424-3803","contributorId":203885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sargis","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36741,"text":"Department of Anthropology, Yale University, P.O. Box 208277, New Haven, CT 06520, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiafe, Edward D. 0000-0001-5938-9901","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5938-9901","contributorId":260297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiafe","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":52559,"text":"Le Pouget, 30440 Sumène, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lecompte, Emilie 0000-0002-5711-7395","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5711-7395","contributorId":260298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lecompte","given":"Emilie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52560,"text":"Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, IRD / CNRS / UPS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dowsett-Lemaire, Francoise","contributorId":260299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dowsett-Lemaire","given":"Francoise","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52559,"text":"Le Pouget, 30440 Sumène, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dowsett, Robert J.","contributorId":260300,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dowsett","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":52559,"text":"Le Pouget, 30440 Sumène, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bi, Sery Gonedele 0000-0001-8823-4319","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8823-4319","contributorId":260301,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bi","given":"Sery","email":"","middleInitial":"Gonedele","affiliations":[{"id":52562,"text":"Département de Génétique, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, 01 BP V34 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ikemeh, Rachel A. 0000-0002-0342-9625","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0342-9625","contributorId":260302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ikemeh","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":52563,"text":"SW/Niger Delta Forest Project, New Garki, Abuja, Nigeria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Djagoun, Chabi 0000-0002-6352-2450","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6352-2450","contributorId":260303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Djagoun","given":"Chabi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52564,"text":"Laboratoire d’Ecologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 01 B.P. 526 Cotonou, Benin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Tomsett, Louise","contributorId":260304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tomsett","given":"Louise","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52565,"text":"Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Bearder, Simon K.","contributorId":260305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bearder","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":52566,"text":"School of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70222470,"text":"70222470 - 2021 - Seasonal controls on sediment delivery and hydrodynamics in a vegetated tidally influenced interdistributary island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-30T13:15:24.206845","indexId":"70222470","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-14T08:12:44","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2321,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal controls on sediment delivery and hydrodynamics in a vegetated tidally influenced interdistributary island","docAbstract":"River deltas are maintained by a continuous supply of terrestrial sediments that provide critical land building material to help sustain and protect vulnerable ecological communities and serve as natural storm protection barriers. Local hydrodynamics are important in determining the degree to which fluvial sediments are removed from the water column and retained on the delta complex. During 2014, we measured hydrodynamics and sediment transport characteristics at one of the world's most rapidly prograding deltas, the Wax Lake delta in Louisiana, USA. We observed waves to be the dominant source of bottom stress for 70% of our observations. Sediment concentration tended to increase with shear stress, but only after stresses exceeded 0.01–0.02 Pa. Significant wave height and bottom stress were substantially reduced after June, when the emergence of American lotus (Nelumbo lutea) formed a dense canopy over the intertidal regions of the island splay. Hydrodynamics during these summer vegetated conditions were much more favorable to floc formation, and by extension particle settling, as shown by trends in the Kolmogorov microscale parameter over the course of the measurement campaign. Together, these findings suggest that the timing between peak river discharge and the emergence of vegetation may have a strong influence on rates of progradation in seasonally vegetated delta splays, whereby sediments delivered by flood events that extend late into summer may be governed by hydrodynamics that favor particle deposition, whereas those delivered prior to the summer may be more prone to remain in suspension and bypass the delta complex.
The latest release of MODFLOW 6, the current core version of the MODFLOW groundwater modeling software, debuted a new package dubbed the “mover” (MVR). Using a generalized approach, MVR facilitates the transfer of water among any arbitrary combination of simulated features (i.e., pumping wells, stream, drains, lakes, etc.) within a MODFLOW 6 simulation. Four “rules” controlling the amount of water transferred from a providing feature to a receiving feature are currently available. In this way, MVR can represent natural connections between features, for example streams entering or exiting lakes, and perhaps more interestingly, it also can transfer water among simulated features to more accurately simulate water management. An example model representative of an agricultural setting demonstrates some of the available MVR connections. For example, an irrigation event that transfers surface water from an irrigation delivery ditch to multiple cropped areas demonstrates a “one-to-many” connection that is possible within MVR. Conversely, irrigation or precipitation runoff from multiple fields may be routed to a particular stream segment using “many-to-one” MVR connections. MVR supports many additional connection types, several of which are demonstrated by the included example problem.
At present, the most reliable information for inferring storm-time ground electric fields along electrical transmission lines comes from coarsely sampled, national-scale magnetotelluric (MT) data sets, such as that provided by the EarthScope USArray program. An underlying assumption in the use of such data is that they adequately sample the spatial heterogeneity of the surface relationship between geomagnetic and geoelectric fields. Here, we assess the degree to which the density of MT data sampling affects geoelectric hazard assessments. For electrical transmission networks in each of four focus regions across the contiguous United States, we perform two parallel band-limited (101–103 s) hazard analyses: one using only USArray-style (∼70-km station spacing) MT data, and one incorporating denser (≪70-km station spacing) MT data. We find that the use of USArray-style MT sampling alone provides a useful first-order estimate of integrated geoelectric fields along electrical transmission lines. However, we also find that the use of higher density MT data can in some areas lead to order-of-magnitude differences in line-averaged electric field estimates at the level of individual transmission lines and can also yield significant differences in subregional hazard patterns. As we demonstrate using variogram plots, these differences reflect short-spatial-scale variability in Earth conductivity, which in turn reflects regional lithotectonic structure and history. We also provide a cautionary example in the use of electrical conductivity models to predict dense MT data; although valuable for hazard applications, models may only be able to reproduce surface geoelectric fields as captured by the MT data from which they were derived.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020SW002693","usgsCitation":"Murphy, B.S., Lucas, G., Love, J.J., Kelbert, A., Bedrosian, P.A., and Rigler, E.J., 2021, Magnetotelluric sampling and geoelectric hazard estimation: Are national-scale surveys sufficient?: AGU Space Weather, v. 19, no. 7, e2020SW002693, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002693.","productDescription":"e2020SW002693, 24 p.","ipdsId":"IP-128631","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488915,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020sw002693","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.33203124999997,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -120.93749999999997,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -120.93749999999997,\n 46.37725420510028\n ],\n [\n -125.33203124999997,\n 46.37725420510028\n ],\n [\n -125.33203124999997,\n 39.70718665682654\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.140625,\n 37.23032838760387\n ],\n [\n -94.921875,\n 37.23032838760387\n ],\n [\n -94.921875,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -99.140625,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -99.140625,\n 37.23032838760387\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.833984375,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -86.748046875,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -86.748046875,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -94.833984375,\n 38.75408327579141\n ],\n [\n -94.833984375,\n 33.211116472416855\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.240234375,\n 44.276671273775186\n ],\n [\n -83.671875,\n 44.276671273775186\n ],\n [\n -83.671875,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -96.240234375,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -96.240234375,\n 44.276671273775186\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, Benjamin Scott 0000-0001-7636-3711","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7636-3711","contributorId":242928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lucas, Greg M. 0000-0003-1331-1863","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1331-1863","contributorId":223556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lucas","given":"Greg M.","affiliations":[{"id":6605,"text":"USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelbert, Anna 0000-0003-4395-398X akelbert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4395-398X","contributorId":184053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelbert","given":"Anna","email":"akelbert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rigler, E. Joshua 0000-0003-4850-3953 erigler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-3953","contributorId":4367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rigler","given":"E.","email":"erigler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Joshua","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70228458,"text":"70228458 - 2021 - Age-structured Jolly-Seber model expands inference and improves parameter estimation from capture-recapture data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-11T20:17:25.428531","indexId":"70228458","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-09T14:13:35","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age-structured Jolly-Seber model expands inference and improves parameter estimation from capture-recapture data","docAbstract":"Understanding the influence of individual attributes on demographic processes is a key objective of wildlife population studies. Capture-recapture and age data are commonly collected to investigate hypotheses about survival, reproduction, and viability. We present a novel age-structured Jolly-Seber model that incorporates age and capture-recapture data to provide comprehensive information on population dynamics, including abundance, age-dependent survival, recruitment, age structure, and population growth rates. We applied our model to a multi-year capture-recapture study of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) in western Hudson Bay, Canada (20122018), where management and conservation require a detailed understanding of how polar bears respond to climate change and other factors. In simulation studies, the age-structured Jolly-Seber model improved precision of survival, recruitment, and annual abundance estimates relative to standard Jolly-Seber models that omit age information. Furthermore, incorporating age information improved precision of population growth rates, increased power to detect trends in abundance, and allowed direct estimation of age-dependent survival and changes in annual age structure. Our case study provided detailed evidence for senescence in polar bear survival. Median survival estimates were lower (<0.95) for individuals aged <5 years, remained high (>0.95) for individuals aged 722 years, and subsequently declined to near zero for individuals >30 years. We also detected cascading effects of large recruitment classes on population age structure, which created major shifts in age structure when these classes entered the population and then again when they reached prime breeding ages (1015 years old). Overall, age-structured Jolly-Seber models provide a flexible means to investigate ecological and evolutionary processes that shape populations (e.g., via senescence, life expectancy, and lifetime reproductive success) while improving our ability to investigate population dynamics and forecast population changes from capture-recapture data.","language":"English","publisher":"Plos","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0252748","usgsCitation":"Hostetter, N., Lunn, N.J., Richardson, E.S., Regehr, E.V., and Converse, S.J., 2021, Age-structured Jolly-Seber model expands inference and improves parameter estimation from capture-recapture data: PLoS ONE, .0252748, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252748.","productDescription":".0252748, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-116069","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252748","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hostetter, Nathan J.","contributorId":275833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hostetter","given":"Nathan J.","affiliations":[{"id":12729,"text":"UW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lunn, Nicholas J.","contributorId":275835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lunn","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":56899,"text":"canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richardson, Evan S.","contributorId":275836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richardson","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":56899,"text":"canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Regehr, Eric V.","contributorId":275837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regehr","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":12729,"text":"UW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70222052,"text":"70222052 - 2021 - A review of osmoregulation in lamprey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T17:51:29.334548","indexId":"70222052","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-08T15:29:26","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of osmoregulation in lamprey","docAbstract":"Lamprey are living representatives of the basal vertebrate agnathan lineage. Many lamprey species are anadromous with a complex life cycle that includes metamorphosis from a freshwater (FW) benthic filter-feeding larva into a parasitic juvenile which migrates to seawater (SW) or (in landlocked populations) large bodies of FW. After a juvenile/adult trophic period that can last up to two years, adults return to rivers and migrate upstream to spawn in FW. Therefore, the osmoregulatory challenges anadromous lamprey face during migrations are similar to those of derived diadromous jawed fishes because lamprey osmoregulate to maintain plasma osmolality at approximately one third SW as well. While in FW, lamprey gills actively take up ions and their kidneys excrete excess water to compensate for passive ion loss and water gain. When in SW, lamprey drink SW and their gills actively secrete excess ions (to compensate for salt loading and dehydration). Nevertheless, lampreys diverged from the rest of the vertebrate lineage more than 500 million years ago, which is reflected in similarities and differences in ionocyte (ion transport cell) ultrastructure and distribution as well as tight junctions in epithelia. The current review discusses recent advances in our understanding of ion transport mechanisms of lamprey with a focus on sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) due to the large literature on this species. We emphasize key molecular and cellular mechanisms in osmoregulatory organs (i.e., gill, kidney and gut) and provide insight relative to what is known in other fishes and identify areas where more research is needed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2021.05.003","usgsCitation":"Ferreira-Martins, D., Wilson, J.M., Kelly, S.P., Kolosov, D., and McCormick, S.D., 2021, A review of osmoregulation in lamprey: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. Suppl 1, p. S59-S71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2021.05.003.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"S59","endPage":"S71","ipdsId":"IP-120788","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451972,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2021.05.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"Suppl 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ferreira-Martins, Diogo","contributorId":228920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferreira-Martins","given":"Diogo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37062,"text":"UMASS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Jonathan M","contributorId":261133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":41188,"text":"Wilfrid Laurier University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelly, Scott P","contributorId":261134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[{"id":16184,"text":"York University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kolosov, Dennis","contributorId":261136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolosov","given":"Dennis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16184,"text":"York University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":139214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":819318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70230786,"text":"70230786 - 2021 - Evidence for latent crustal fluid injection transients in southern California from long-duration earthquake swarms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-26T15:05:29.120521","indexId":"70230786","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-08T10:00:27","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for latent crustal fluid injection transients in southern California from long-duration earthquake swarms","docAbstract":"Earthquake swarms are manifestations of aseismic driving processes deep in the crust. We examine the spatiotemporal distribution of aseismic processes in Southern California using a 12-years catalog of swarms derived with deep learning algorithms. In a core portion of the plate boundary region, which is not associated with elevated heat flow, we identify 92 long-duration swarms ranging from 6 months to 7 years that constitute 26.4% of the total seismicity. We find that 53% of the swarms exhibit ultra-slow diffusive patterns with propagating backfronts, consistent with expectations for natural fluid injection processes. The chronology of the swarms indicates that the aseismic driving processes were active at all times during 2008–2020. The observations challenge common views about the nature of swarms, which would characterize any one of these sequences as anomalous. The regional prevalence of these sequences suggests that transient fluid injection processes play a key role in crustal fluid transport.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2021GL092465","usgsCitation":"Ross, Z.E., and Cochran, E.S., 2021, Evidence for latent crustal fluid injection transients in southern California from long-duration earthquake swarms: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 48, no. 12, e2021GL092465, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL092465.","productDescription":"e2021GL092465, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-128760","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451975,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl092465","text":"External Repository"},{"id":399670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -115.75,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -115.75,\n 33.75\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 33.75\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 33\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Zachary E.","contributorId":196001,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":841359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":841360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70228415,"text":"70228415 - 2021 - Long-term population fluctuations of a Burrowing Owl population on Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-10T16:06:53.252014","indexId":"70228415","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-08T10:00:25","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term population fluctuations of a Burrowing Owl population on Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico, USA","docAbstract":"Western Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea; hereafter, Burrowing Owls) were once widespread residents of grasslands throughout western North America, but their range has contracted, and abundance has declined in some regions. The causes of declines and geographic variation in population trends of Burrowing Owls are unclear but may be linked to changing land use and urbanization. Burrowing Owls are often found in association with airfields and airports, and their presence at such facilities is sometimes considered to be in conflict with those operations. Documenting the long-term persistence of Burrowing Owls at active airfields can help airfield managers who face decisions regarding compatibility of owls and airfield operations. We report the results of a long-term effort to monitor Burrowing Owls on Kirtland Air Force Base in New Mexico, USA, including the rapid recovery of Burrowing Owl numbers from near-extirpation and the relationships between abundance and other demographic traits. The number of breeding pairs of Burrowing Owls increased from one pair in 2013 to 28 pairs in 2019 and 2020, and the number of fledglings produced increased from one in 2013 to 84 in 2019 and 61 in 2020. The recovery was not uniform across all areas of Kirtland Air Force Base, and some formerly occupied areas remained unoccupied. We documented dispersal outside the Air Force base boundary and that the number of breeding pairs was more strongly influenced by the number of offspring produced in the prior year than the number of owls returning from prior years, which indicated that the population is part of a larger meta-population. Our results demonstrate that the maintenance of Burrowing Owl populations is not necessarily at odds with safe airfield operations, that Burrowing Owls exhibit complex population dynamics, and can rapidly recolonize previously occupied areas if habitat and nest sites remain suitable.
","language":"English","publisher":"Raptor Research Foundation","doi":"10.3356/0892-1016-55.2.241","usgsCitation":"Lundblad, C., Conway, C.J., Cruz-McDonnell, K., Doublet, D., Desmond, M.J., Navis, C., and Ongman, K., 2021, Long-term population fluctuations of a Burrowing Owl population on Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico, USA: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 55, no. 2, p. 241-254, https://doi.org/10.3356/0892-1016-55.2.241.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"241","endPage":"254","ipdsId":"IP-115742","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395775,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Kirtland Air Force Base","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.61407470703125,\n 34.9501163530137\n ],\n [\n -106.35314941406249,\n 34.9501163530137\n ],\n [\n -106.35314941406249,\n 35.08\n ],\n [\n -106.61407470703125,\n 35.08\n ],\n [\n -106.61407470703125,\n 34.9501163530137\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lundblad, Carl G.","contributorId":265812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lundblad","given":"Carl G.","affiliations":[{"id":27205,"text":"U. 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Systems thinking can inform their management by quantifying the impacts that they face. We apply systems thinking to the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGM) loggerhead (Caretta caretta) Recovery Unit (RU), one of the smallest subpopulations of loggerheads nesting in the USA. We characterized disturbances to nests, management actions, and hatchling production across 12 nesting beaches used by this RU to explore how hatchling production would increase if disturbances were mitigated. Annual hatchling production at sites ranged from 470 to 18,191 hatchlings/year. Washovers (19.3% nests/year), washouts (17.9% nests/year), and predation (13% nests/year) were the most common annual disturbances across sites. Focusing on the most impactful disturbances at just five sites could increase annual NGM RU hatchling production by 2.2–6.7%. Efforts to mitigate washovers and washouts are ongoing in Alabama, but these may be futile against tropical cyclones, which accounted for >80% of washouts in the present study, and further require careful examination of associated adverse side-effects. Efforts to mitigate predation are common throughout this RU, but require improved knowledge of predator ecology to reach full potential. Systems thinking allowed us to create a simple model for assessing disturbances and management strategies in terms of hatchling sea turtles. This model can be augmented to run dynamic simulations of how disturbances and management actions impact hatchling production, and can be applied to other species with similar reproductive strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109201","usgsCitation":"Silver-Gorges, I., Ceriani, S.A., Ware, M., Lamb, M., Lamont, M., Becker, J., Carthy, R., Matechik, C., Mitchell, J.C., Pruner, R., Reynolds, M., Smith, B., Snyder, C., and Fuentes, M., 2021, Using systems thinking to inform management of imperiled species: A case study with sea turtles: Biological Conservation, v. 260, 109201, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109201.","productDescription":"109201, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124524","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387226,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": 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S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Snyder, Caitlyn","contributorId":261186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snyder","given":"Caitlyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52763,"text":"Florida Department of Environmental Protection","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Fuentes, Mariana M. P. B.","contributorId":261187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fuentes","given":"Mariana M. P. B.","affiliations":[{"id":7092,"text":"Florida State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":819436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70241519,"text":"70241519 - 2021 - Predictability of invasive Argentine ant distribution across Mediterranean ecoregions of southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T13:34:27.063066","indexId":"70241519","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-07T08:28:47","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predictability of invasive Argentine ant distribution across Mediterranean ecoregions of southern California","docAbstract":"The invasiveness of nonnative taxa can vary across a landscape due to environmental gradients, suggesting that location-dependent management strategies may be more effective at reducing spread compared to a “one size fits all” approach across the entire introduced range. Using bait stations placed along linear transects within habitat preserves, we tested for effects of ecoregion, vegetation, soil moisture, habitat edge type (i.e., moisture source), and distance from edges on the presence of the invasive Argentine ant Linepithema humile in San Diego County, California, a region with high indigenous biodiversity and numerous rare and protected species. Our results showed an inverse relationship between the presence of native ant species and the presence of the Argentine ant across ecoregions, with the latter reaching peak abundance in the coastal terrace. Argentine ant presence was negatively associated with distance from all edge types regardless of location, but the magnitude of this effect varied among ecoregions. In the xeric foothill and inland valleys, the probability of occurrence was nearly 0 at distances of 200 m and 750 m from moisture edges, respectively, whereas in the coastal terrace, the probability remained above 0.80 at distances up to 1.25 km. When compared to previous studies at different spatial scales, these findings provide an alternative perspective on the invasiveness of the Argentine ant at the landscape level. Our results further suggest that efforts to control spread in regions with a Mediterranean climate may be more successful in inland areas, where the ant is likely to have lower environmental tolerance and native ant species may be better able to generate biotic resistance. In contrast, different tactics and expectations may be necessary for coastal areas, where the same constraints are diminished or absent.
","language":"English","publisher":"Brigham Young University","doi":"10.3398/064.081.0208","usgsCitation":"Richmond, J.Q., Matsuda, T., Brehme, C.S., Perkins, E., and Fisher, R., 2021, Predictability of invasive Argentine ant distribution across Mediterranean ecoregions of southern California: Western North American Naturalist, v. 81, no. 2, p. 243-256, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.081.0208.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"243","endPage":"256","ipdsId":"IP-122831","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":414545,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","otherGeospatial":"Palomar and Laguna Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.11548632812577,\n 32.54194836678279\n ],\n [\n -116.40106393709056,\n 32.59596039805017\n ],\n [\n -116.40483397609356,\n 33.42110265634582\n ],\n [\n -117.14622140896292,\n 33.41740053633521\n ],\n [\n -117.48608470942531,\n 33.511908134079505\n ],\n [\n -117.67818135751273,\n 33.47083053561539\n ],\n [\n -117.40727582815857,\n 33.26926893986678\n ],\n [\n -117.264434730863,\n 32.89370420929002\n ],\n [\n -117.28413695117968,\n 32.83164417567744\n ],\n [\n -117.264434730863,\n 32.682523089936595\n ],\n [\n -117.12159363356713,\n 32.52899985746883\n ],\n [\n -117.11548632812577,\n 32.54194836678279\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"81","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richmond, Jonathan Q. 0000-0001-9398-4894 jrichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-4894","contributorId":5400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Jonathan","email":"jrichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matsuda, Tritia 0000-0001-9271-7671","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9271-7671","contributorId":213956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matsuda","given":"Tritia","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brehme, Cheryl S. 0000-0001-8904-3354 cbrehme@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8904-3354","contributorId":3419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brehme","given":"Cheryl","email":"cbrehme@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perkins, Emily E. 0000-0002-6286-3480","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6286-3480","contributorId":225022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Emily E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70221535,"text":"70221535 - 2021 - The limitations of external measurements for aging small mammals: The cautionary example of the Lesser Treeshrew (Scandentia: Tupaiidae: Tupaia minor Günther, 1876)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-17T15:17:09.763589","indexId":"70221535","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-07T07:39:13","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"The limitations of external measurements for aging small mammals: The cautionary example of the Lesser Treeshrew (Scandentia: Tupaiidae: Tupaia minor Günther, 1876)","title":"The limitations of external measurements for aging small mammals: The cautionary example of the Lesser Treeshrew (Scandentia: Tupaiidae: Tupaia minor Günther, 1876)","docAbstract":"Age is a basic demographic characteristic vital to studies of mammalian social organization, population dynamics, and behavior. To eliminate potentially confounding ontogenetic variation, morphological comparisons among populations of mammals typically are limited to mature individuals (i.e., those assumed to have ceased most somatic growth). In our morphometric studies of treeshrews (Scandentia), adult individuals are defined by the presence of fully erupted permanent dentition, a common criterion in specimen-based mammalogy. In a number of cases, however, we have had poorly sampled populations of interest in which there were potentially useful specimens that could not be included in samples because they lacked associated skulls. Such specimens typically are associated with external body and weight measurements recorded by the original collectors, and we sought to determine whether these data could be used successfully as a proxy for age or at least to establish maturity. We analyzed four traditional external dimensions (head-and-body length, tail length, hind foot length, and ear length) and weight associated with 103 specimens from two allopatric populations of the Lesser Treeshrew (Tupaia minor Günther, 1876) from Peninsular Malaysia and from Borneo, which we treated as separate samples (populations). Individuals were assigned to one of eight age categories based on dental eruption stage, and measurements were compared among groups. In general, mean sizes of infants and subadults were smaller than those of adults, but the majority of subadults fell within the range of variation of adults. The large overlap among infants, subadults, and adults in external measurements and weight indicates that such measures are poor proxies for age in this species, probably for treeshrews in general, and possibly for other small mammals. This has significant implications for any investigation wherein relative age of individuals in a given population is an important consideration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyab055","usgsCitation":"Woodman, N., Miller-Murthy, A., Olson, L.E., and Sargis, E.J., 2021, The limitations of external measurements for aging small mammals: The cautionary example of the Lesser Treeshrew (Scandentia: Tupaiidae: Tupaia minor Günther, 1876): Journal of Mammalogy, v. 102, no. 4, gyab055, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyab055.","productDescription":"gyab055, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127413","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451996,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyab055","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":386647,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"102","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodman, Neal 0000-0003-2689-7373 nwoodman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":3547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"Neal","email":"nwoodman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":817989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller-Murthy, Ananth","contributorId":239693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller-Murthy","given":"Ananth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37550,"text":"Yale University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olson, Link E. 0000-0002-2481-5701","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2481-5701","contributorId":203887,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Link","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36743,"text":"University of Alaska Museum, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sargis, Eric J. 0000-0003-0424-3803","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0424-3803","contributorId":203885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sargis","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36741,"text":"Department of Anthropology, Yale University, P.O. Box 208277, New Haven, CT 06520, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":817992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70221475,"text":"70221475 - 2021 - Relative risk of groundwater-quality degradation near California (USA) oil fields estimated from 3H, 14C, and 4He","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-17T11:56:09.830879","indexId":"70221475","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-05T06:52:07","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative risk of groundwater-quality degradation near California (USA) oil fields estimated from 3H, 14C, and 4He","docAbstract":"Relative risks of groundwater-quality degradation near selected California oil fields are estimated by examining spatial and temporal patterns in chemical and isotopic data in the context of groundwater-age categories defined by tritium and carbon-14. In the Coastal basins, western San Joaquin Valley (SJV), and eastern SJV; 82, 76, and 0% of samples are premodern (pre-1953 recharge), respectively; and 3, 0, and 31% are modern (recharged during or after 1953), respectively. Carbon-14 and helium-4 data indicate most premodern samples are 1000 to 10,000 (33%) or >10,000 (50%) years old. Organic chemicals that could be associated with deeper hydrocarbon reservoirs (e.g. thermogenic gases and benzene) occur most frequently in premodern groundwater, suggesting premodern groundwater has a higher risk of degradation from upward migration of hydrocarbons than modern and mixed-age groundwater. Low sulfate concentrations in some premodern groundwater containing high thermogenic-methane concentrations (>28 mg/L) indicate methane attenuation associated with sulfate reduction can be limited in premodern groundwater. The more common occurrence of manufactured compounds, like tetrachloroethene, in modern and mixed-age groundwater than in premodern groundwater indicates modern and mixed-age groundwater has a higher risk of degradation from land-surface sources than premodern groundwater. Time-series data for chloride in groundwater affected by disposal of oil-field water in unlined ponds indicate some modern and mixed-age groundwater are susceptible to chemical migration within 2–3 km of surface sources. Timescales for diluting chloride concentrations in groundwater with fresh recharge once disposal ponds are decommissioned are shorter in mixed-age groundwater with large fractions of modern water (9–14 years in one example) than in mixed-age groundwater with large fractions of premodern water (no evidence of dilution after 12 years of monitoring in one example). The presence of predominantly premodern groundwater in the Coastal basins and western SJV indicates these areas have relatively high risk from upward migration of hydrocarbons, reduced methane attenuation capacity, and long dilution times, whereas predominantly modern- and mixed-age groundwater in the eastern SJV indicates this area has relatively high risk from chemical migration from land-surface sources and subsequent extensive spreading. Age-based characterizations of relative risk could inform the design of groundwater-monitoring programs near oil fields in terms of the spatial distribution of monitoring points relative to source areas and monitoring frequency and duration.
The variation of phase and group velocity dispersion of Love and Rayleigh waves was determined for the continental United States and adjacent Canada. By processing ambient noise from the broadband channels of the Transportable Array (TA) of USArray and several Program for the Array Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere experiments and using some earthquake recordings, the effort was focused on determining dispersion down to periods as short as 2 s. The relatively short distances between TA stations permitted the use of a
The rise of neural networks has opened the door for automatic analysis of remote sensing data. A challenge to using this machinery for computational sustainability is the necessity of massive labeled data sets, which can be cost-prohibitive for many non-profit organizations. The primary motivation for this work is one such problem; the efficient management of invasive species -- invading flora and fauna that are estimated to cause damages in the billions of dollars annually. As an ongoing collaboration with the New York Natural Heritage Program, we consider the use of unsupervised deep learning techniques for dimensionality reduction of remote sensing images, which can reduce sample complexity for downstream tasks and decreases the need for large labeled data sets. We consider spatially augmenting contrastive learning by training neural networks to correctly classify two nearby patches of a landscape as such. We demonstrate that this approach improves upon previous methods and naive classification for a large-scale data set of remote sensing images derived from invasive species observations obtained over 30 years. Additionally, we simulate deployment in the field via active learning and evaluate this method on another important challenge in computational sustainability -- landcover classification -- and again find that it outperforms previous baselines.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","usgsCitation":"Bjorck, J., Shi, Q., Rapazzo, B.H., Dean, J., Fuller, A.K., Brown-Lima, C., and Gomes, C., 2021, Accelerating ecological sciences from above: Spatial contrastive learning for remote sensing: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, v. 35, no. 17, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122790","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396619,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bjorck, Johan","contributorId":287231,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bjorck","given":"Johan","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shi, Qinru","contributorId":287233,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shi","given":"Qinru","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rapazzo, Brendan H.","contributorId":287234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rapazzo","given":"Brendan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dean, Jennifer","contributorId":287236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dean","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[{"id":61506,"text":"New York Natural Heritage Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fuller, Angela K. 0000-0002-9247-7468 afuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-7468","contributorId":3984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Angela","email":"afuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":836575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown-Lima, Carrie","contributorId":287237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown-Lima","given":"Carrie","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gomes, Carla","contributorId":287239,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gomes","given":"Carla","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70221088,"text":"ds1138 - 2021 - Distribution and demography of coastal cactus wrens (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) in southern San Diego County, California—2020 data summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-02T11:41:30.374625","indexId":"ds1138","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-01T13:17:25","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1138","displayTitle":"Distribution and Demography of Coastal Cactus Wrens (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) in Southern San Diego County, California—2020 Data Summary","title":"Distribution and demography of coastal cactus wrens (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) in southern San Diego County, California—2020 data summary","docAbstract":"Surveys for coastal Cactus Wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) were done in 378 established plots in southern San Diego County in 2020, encompassing three genetic clusters (Otay, Lake Jennings, and Sweetwater/Encanto genetic clusters). Two surveys were completed at each plot between March 1 and July 31. Cactus Wrens were detected in 131 plots (35 percent of plots). This is a slight increase over the proportion of occupied plots in 2019. One hundred and nine Cactus Wren territories were detected across all survey plots in 2020, an increase from 83 in 2019. At least 85 percent of Cactus Wren territories were occupied by pairs, and 62 fledglings were observed in 2020.
There were 89 color-banded Cactus Wrens observed in 2020, 84 of which we could identify to individual. Adults of known age ranged from 1 to at least 6 years old. Adult Cactus Wrens moved on average 0.2 kilometers (km; maximum 3.8 km) from their 2019 territories to their 2020 territories. Cactus Wrens that fledged in 2019 moved on average 1.2 km (maximum 9.9 km) to their 2020 territories. No known-identity Cactus Wrens moved between genetic clusters from 2019 to 2020.
Vegetation at Cactus Wren plots typically was dominated by coastal sage scrub shrubs such as California sagebrush (Artemisia californica), lemonadeberry (Rhus integrifolia), California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum), and broom baccharis (Baccharis sarothroides). Very little dead or unhealthy cactus was observed within Cactus Wren survey plots. Thirty-eight percent of plots had at least 25 percent of the cactus crowded or overtopped by vines and shrubs. Non-native annual cover was greater than 25 percent at 35 percent of plots.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1138","usgsCitation":"Lynn, S., and Kus, B.E., 2021, Distribution and demography of coastal cactus wrens (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus) in southern San Diego County, California—2020 data summary: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1138, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1138.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 12 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-126296","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386066,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76H4FK5","linkHelpText":"Surveys and Monitoring of Coastal Cactus Wren in Southern San Diego County"},{"id":386065,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1138/images"},{"id":386064,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1138/ds1138.xml"},{"id":386063,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1138/ds1138.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":386062,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1138/covrthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Southern San Diego County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.32299804687499,\n 32.48196313217176\n ],\n [\n -116.7132568359375,\n 32.48196313217176\n ],\n [\n -116.7132568359375,\n 32.8334428466495\n ],\n [\n -117.32299804687499,\n 32.8334428466495\n ],\n [\n -117.32299804687499,\n 32.48196313217176\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Extinction rates are increasing globally, and direct exploitation is an important driver. Many pathways have been proposed to explain how exploitation can lead to extinction. One of these proposed but understudied multispecies pathways is opportunistic exploitation, which occurs when a highly valuable but rare species is encountered and targeted during exploitation of a less valuable, but more common, target species. Using individual-based simulations of exploiters in a two-species spatial model, we contribute evidence which supports that opportunistic exploitation increases depletion when compared to single-species exploitation, and is as detrimental to the more valuable, rare species as the anthropogenic Allee effect (where price increases with rarity) and the Allee effect (where population growth declines at low abundance). The most important factors affecting the impact of opportunistic exploitation are gross revenue and abundance of the more common, less valuable species, while ease of capture and growth rate of the more common, less valuable species are less important. Thus, valuable but rare species are most at risk when harvested alongside low-value abundant species; this information is relevant for managers focused on protection of rare species in multispecies systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109611","usgsCitation":"Thurner, S., Converse, S.J., and Branch, T., 2021, Modeling opportunistic exploitation: Increased extinction risk when targeting more than one species: Ecological Modelling, v. 454, 109611, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109611.","productDescription":"109611, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-126753","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109611","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430024,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"454","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thurner, S.","contributorId":338523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thurner","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12729,"text":"UW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Converse, Sarah J. 0000-0002-3719-5441 sconverse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-5441","contributorId":173772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah","email":"sconverse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Branch, Trevor A.","contributorId":172088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Branch","given":"Trevor A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70226922,"text":"70226922 - 2021 - A multi-tracer and well-bore flow profile approach to determine occurrence, movement, and sources of perchlorate in groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-21T14:59:34.058138","indexId":"70226922","displayToPublicDate":"2021-06-01T08:43:10","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A multi-tracer and well-bore flow profile approach to determine occurrence, movement, and sources of perchlorate in groundwater","docAbstract":"The purpose of this study is to determine the occurrence, movement and sources of perchlorate in groundwater using a comprehensive set of environmental tracers coupled with discreet borehole data. Potential sources of perchlorate to groundwater at the study site have been attributed to waste disposal and industrial activities as well as to past agricultural operations. Perchlorate concentrations in samples ranged from <1 to 40 g/l, with a median of 6.1 g/l. Concentrations were relativity consistent with depth except at one site where dilution may be occurring due to the infiltration of surface water from Pyrite Creek. Well-bore flow profiles indicated that perchlorate redistribution was occurring via intra-well bore flow at one site where up to 14,000 mg/year of perchlorate could be moving from the shallower to the deeper zones of the alluvial aquifer. Natural attenuation processes of perchlorate do not appear to be widespread in groundwater but does occur in portions of the aquifer adjacent to the Santa Ana River, likely limiting the mobility of perchlorate from the southernmost extent of the mapped plume to areas further down-gradient. Age dating tracers indicate that perchlorate originating from the waste disposal ponds has largely moved through the zones of the aquifer sampled. Age distributions, noble gas temperature, delta neon values and stable isotopes of water indicate that a substantial fraction of perchlorate in groundwater may have been mobilized from the unsaturated zone and/or is from the infiltration of storm water runoff originating from Pyrite Canyon.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.104959","usgsCitation":"Wright, M., Izbicki, J.A., and Jurgens, B.C., 2021, A multi-tracer and well-bore flow profile approach to determine occurrence, movement, and sources of perchlorate in groundwater: Applied Geochemistry, v. 129, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.104959.","productDescription":"104959, 18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-116219","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":452054,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.104959","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":393189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Jurupa Valley","otherGeospatial":"Jurupa Mountains, Mira Loma Hills, Pedley Hills, San Sevaine Channel, Santa Ana River, Stringfellow Superfund Site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.66082763671875,\n 33.945638452963024\n ],\n [\n -117.14241027832031,\n 33.945638452963024\n ],\n [\n -117.14241027832031,\n 34.34343606848294\n ],\n [\n -117.66082763671875,\n 34.34343606848294\n ],\n [\n -117.66082763671875,\n 33.945638452963024\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"129","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wang, Z. Zimeng","contributorId":270243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"Zimeng","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":828813,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Michael 0000-0003-0653-6466 mtwright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0653-6466","contributorId":151031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Michael","email":"mtwright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Izbicki, John A. 0000-0003-0816-4408 jaizbick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":152474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"John","email":"jaizbick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jurgens, Bryant C. 0000-0002-1572-113X bjurgens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-113X","contributorId":127842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jurgens","given":"Bryant","email":"bjurgens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70226461,"text":"70226461 - 2021 - Reptile and amphibian diversity and abundance in an urban landscape: Impacts of fragmentation and the conservation value of small patches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-18T12:42:28.253092","indexId":"70226461","displayToPublicDate":"2021-05-31T06:40:38","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9341,"text":"Ichthyology & Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reptile and amphibian diversity and abundance in an urban landscape: Impacts of fragmentation and the conservation value of small patches","docAbstract":"Urbanization is a major contributor to habitat loss and fragmentation and is considered a global threat to biodiversity. We studied reptile and amphibian species diversity and abundance in a highly fragmented landscape adjacent to the second largest metropolitan area in the United States. Habitat patches in our study area were made up of remnant native vegetation surrounded by roads, housing, and other urban development. Species richness and diversity were positively associated with patch size, but patch age was not significantly associated with community characteristics. Four relatively common species were not detected in the small patches, indicating the possibility they had been extirpated by the time monitoring began, and six rarer species were not detected or detected only once in these patches. Although the patch size effect on species diversity was strong, we found that several of the small habitat patches had similar diversity to large patches, indicating potential value of these small habitat patches in protecting species as “microreserves.” In addition, one lizard species was found to be significantly more abundant in the smaller patches. To determine if abundance changed over time, we compared capture rates for four common lizards at the same sites ten years later. For three of the four species, abundance decreased over that period, specifically in the small patches. Although our long-term monitoring has confirmed that the full suite of herpetofauna is currently preserved in the study area overall, declines even in the common species over time hint at the potential severity of the threat of urbanization to rare species.
Fishery managers often rely on forecasts of future population abundance to set allowable harvest quotas or exploitation rates. While there has been substantial research devoted to identifying environmental factors that can predict recruitment for individual populations, such correlations often degrade over time, thereby limiting their utility for management. Conversely, examining multiple populations at once to detect shared, spatially structured patterns can offer insights into their recruitment dynamics that are advantageous for forecasting. Here, we develop a population dynamics model for natural origin coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) stocks in Washington State that leverages spatial and temporal autocorrelation in marine survival to improve one-year-ahead forecasts of adult returns. Executed in a Bayesian hierarchical integrated modelling framework, our spatiotemporal approach incorporates multiple data types and shares information among stocks to estimate key biological parameters that are informative for forecasting. Retrospective evaluation of one-year-ahead forecast skill indicated that the spatiotemporal integrated population model (ST-IPM) outperformed existing forecasts of Washington State coho salmon returns by 25–38 % on average. Moreover, the ST-IPM estimates parameters that were previously non-identifiable for many stocks, and propagates uncertainty from multiple contributing data sources into model forecasts. Our results add to a growing body of work demonstrating the utility of spatiotemporal and integrated approaches for modelling population dynamics, and the framework developed here has broad applications to the assessment and management of coho salmon in Washington State and elsewhere throughout their range.
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