Coring operations were conducted in the west basin of Clear Lake during July and August 1980 to produce a regional Quaternary reference section. A 177-m-long core (CL-80-1) was taken, which also augments and extends a previous study of eight shorter cores collected from Clear Lake in 1973. Core CL-80-1 was continuously cored in 7.5 m of water, and 66.5 percent recovery was achieved. The sediments are composed primarily of clayey and silty sapropelic mud similar to those presently being deposited in the lake, and are interbedded with local coarse sand and gravel deposits and thin volcanic ash beds. Coring was terminated when coarse rounded gravel and cobbles of Franciscan assemblage lithology were encountered. The location of core CL-80-1 is between two other core sites of the 1973 series of cores, one of which (CL-73-4) is 115 m long and contains a well-defined, uninterrupted pollen and physical stratigraphic record from the present to about 130,000 years ago. Paleomagnetic and preliminary pollen analyses of core CL-80-1 are complete and comparison of these results with those of core CL-73-4 suggest that the new core represents a record from the present to about 175,000 years ago.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81751","usgsCitation":"Sims, J.D., Rymer, M.J., and Perkins, J.A., 1981, Description and preliminary interpretation of core CL-80-1, Clear Lake, Lake County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-751, 175 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81751.","productDescription":"175 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":409182,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0751/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0751/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Lake County","otherGeospatial":"Clear Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.25747680664064,\n 41.78360106648078\n ],\n [\n -121.01852416992186,\n 41.78360106648078\n ],\n [\n -121.01852416992186,\n 41.96663812286332\n ],\n [\n -121.25747680664064,\n 41.96663812286332\n ],\n [\n -121.25747680664064,\n 41.78360106648078\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66ddb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sims, John D.","contributorId":60202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sims","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rymer, Michael J. mrymer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"Michael","email":"mrymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":162668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perkins, James A.","contributorId":95481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":43054,"text":"ofr81768 - 1981 - Preliminary maps showing interpretation of Landsat imagery of the Healy quadrangle, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-20T19:52:39.840062","indexId":"ofr81768","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-768","title":"Preliminary maps showing interpretation of Landsat imagery of the Healy quadrangle, Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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1981 - Geologic map of the Honaker quadrangle, Russell, Tazewell, and Buchanan Counties, Virginia","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":46743,"text":"ofr79528 - 1979 - Geologic map of the Honaker quadrangle, Virginia","indexId":"ofr79528","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Honaker quadrangle, Virginia"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":62509,"text":"gq1542 - 1981 - Geologic map of the Honaker quadrangle, Russell, Tazewell, and Buchanan Counties, Virginia","indexId":"gq1542","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Honaker quadrangle, Russell, Tazewell, and Buchanan Counties, Virginia"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:01","indexId":"gq1542","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":316,"text":"Geologic Quadrangle","code":"GQ","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1542","title":"Geologic map of the Honaker quadrangle, Russell, Tazewell, and Buchanan Counties, Virginia","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/gq1542","usgsCitation":"Meissner, C., and Miller, R.L., 1981, Geologic map of the Honaker quadrangle, Russell, Tazewell, and Buchanan Counties, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle 1542, 1 map :col. ;57 x 47 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/gq1542.","productDescription":"1 map :col. ;57 x 47 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":102639,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_1088.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"1088"},{"id":248672,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/1542/report.pdf","size":"75","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":253899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gq/1542/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82,37 ], [ -82,37.1175 ], [ -81.86749999999999,37.1175 ], [ -81.86749999999999,37 ], [ -82,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698082","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meissner, Charles R.","contributorId":27863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meissner","given":"Charles R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":267475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Ralph L.","contributorId":74737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":267476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":59898,"text":"mf1336 - 1981 - Geologic map and coal sections of the Reservoir Creek Quadrangle, Campbell County, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:22","indexId":"mf1336","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1336","title":"Geologic map and coal sections of the Reservoir Creek Quadrangle, Campbell County, Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf1336","usgsCitation":"Kent, B., and Berlage, L., 1981, Geologic map and coal sections of the Reservoir Creek Quadrangle, Campbell County, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1336, 1 map ;58 x 42 cm. on sheet 75 x 108 cm. +stratigraphic sections on sheet 115 x 109 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1336.","productDescription":"1 map ;58 x 42 cm. on sheet 75 x 108 cm. +stratigraphic sections on sheet 115 x 109 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105756,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6972.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"6972"},{"id":182418,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.86749999999999,44.75 ], [ -105.86749999999999,44.8675 ], [ -105.75,44.8675 ], [ -105.75,44.75 ], [ -105.86749999999999,44.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4bac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kent, B.H.","contributorId":30278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"B.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berlage, L.J.","contributorId":26755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berlage","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":58411,"text":"mf1298 - 1981 - Geologic map of the Battle Creek Fault zone and adjacent parts of the northern Sacramento Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:14","indexId":"mf1298","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1298","title":"Geologic map of the Battle Creek Fault zone and adjacent parts of the northern Sacramento Valley, California","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf1298","usgsCitation":"Helley, E.J., Harwood, D.S., Barker, J.A., and Griffen, E., 1981, Geologic map of the Battle Creek Fault zone and adjacent parts of the northern Sacramento Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1298, 1 map ;89 x 136 cm. + 1 text (12 p. : map ; 28 cm.) folded in envelope 25 x 31 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1298.","productDescription":"1 map ;89 x 136 cm. + 1 text (12 p. : map ; 28 cm.) folded in envelope 25 x 31 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105727,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6925.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"6925"},{"id":183983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"62500","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.75,40 ], [ -122.75,40.5 ], [ -121.75,40.5 ], [ -121.75,40 ], [ -122.75,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0ee4b07f02db69ff9a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helley, E. 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Total flow from all perforated intervals after development of each interval by swabbing and flowing was 125 gallons per minute. Total flow increased to 2,900 gallons per minute after acidizing and fracturing each unit through perforations. Radioactive tracer surveys indicate about 65 percent of the flow was from perforations in the upper part of the Mission Canyon Limestone. Based on analysis of data from a step-drawdown test, the values of transmissivity and coefficient of storage considered as most reasonable are 38,000 gallons per day per foot and 0.00002 respectively. Maximum temperature of water, measured at land surface, was 56.6 degrees Celsius. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr81528","usgsCitation":"Blankennagel, R.K., Howells, L.W., and Miller, W.R., 1981, Completion and testing of Madison Limestone test well 3, NW1/4SE1/4 sec. 35, T.2N., R.27E., Yellowstone County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-528, vii, 97 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81528.","productDescription":"vii, 97 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140732,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0528/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35494,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0528/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a82be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blankennagel, Richard K.","contributorId":55423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blankennagel","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howells, Lewis W.","contributorId":17600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howells","given":"Lewis","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, W. Roger","contributorId":60191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Roger","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":59614,"text":"mf1348B - 1981 - Geochemical survey of the Beaver Creek Wilderness, McCreary County, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:27","indexId":"mf1348B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1348","chapter":"B","title":"Geochemical survey of the Beaver Creek Wilderness, McCreary County, Kentucky","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf1348B","usgsCitation":"Grosz, A.E., and Siems, D.F., 1981, Geochemical survey of the Beaver Creek Wilderness, McCreary County, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1348, 3 maps ;26 x 23 cm. and 18 x 14 cm. on sheet 73 x 113 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1348B.","productDescription":"3 maps ;26 x 23 cm. and 18 x 14 cm. on sheet 73 x 113 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105772,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_7006.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"7006"},{"id":183360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -84.5,36.833333333333336 ], [ -84.5,36.95 ], [ -84.36749999999999,36.95 ], [ -84.36749999999999,36.833333333333336 ], [ -84.5,36.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abac9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grosz, A. E.","contributorId":87925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosz","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siems, D. F.","contributorId":101239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siems","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":58412,"text":"mf1274 - 1981 - Geologic map of the Beaver SE Quadrangle, Beaver County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:14","indexId":"mf1274","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1274","title":"Geologic map of the Beaver SE Quadrangle, Beaver County, Utah","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf1274","usgsCitation":"Anderson, J.J., Lanigan, J., Cunningham, C.G., and Naeser, C.W., 1981, Geologic map of the Beaver SE Quadrangle, Beaver County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1274, 1 map ;58 x 46 cm. on sheet 72 x 96 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1274.","productDescription":"1 map ;58 x 46 cm. on sheet 72 x 96 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105710,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6893.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"6893"},{"id":183984,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"24000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.61749999999999,38.25 ], [ -112.61749999999999,38.36666666666667 ], [ -112.5,38.36666666666667 ], [ -112.5,38.25 ], [ -112.61749999999999,38.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b0ee4b07f02db69fde5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, J. J.","contributorId":85620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanigan, J.C.","contributorId":79175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanigan","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cunningham, C. G.","contributorId":76741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"C.","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Naeser, C. W.","contributorId":17582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"C.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":259074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":42100,"text":"ofr81930 - 1981 - Aeromagnetic map of the Ten Mile West area, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:10","indexId":"ofr81930","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-930","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Ten Mile West area, Idaho","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr81930","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1981, Aeromagnetic map of the Ten Mile West area, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-930, 1 map ;72 x 53 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81930.","productDescription":"1 map ;72 x 53 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176214,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":79843,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0930/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aeee4b07f02db6910dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":67437,"text":"i1255 - 1981 - Geologic map of anthracite-bearing rocks in the Nesquehoning Quadrangle, Carbon County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:29","indexId":"i1255","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1255","subseriesTitle":"NONE","title":"Geologic map of anthracite-bearing rocks in the Nesquehoning Quadrangle, Carbon County, Pennsylvania","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/i1255","usgsCitation":"Wood, G., 1981, Geologic map of anthracite-bearing rocks in the Nesquehoning Quadrangle, Carbon County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1255, 1 map :col. ;56 x 88 cm. on sheet 107 x 117 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/i1255.","productDescription":"1 map :col. ;56 x 88 cm. on sheet 107 x 117 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186221,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":106667,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_9084.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"9084"}],"scale":"2000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.86749999999999,40.833333333333336 ], [ -75.86749999999999,40.8675 ], [ -75.75,40.8675 ], [ -75.75,40.833333333333336 ], [ -75.86749999999999,40.833333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a29ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, G.H. Jr.","contributorId":102952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"G.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":276187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27307,"text":"wri8143 - 1981 - Saline ground-water discharge to the Smoky Hill River between Salina and Abilene, central Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-08T14:03:37","indexId":"wri8143","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-43","title":"Saline ground-water discharge to the Smoky Hill River between Salina and Abilene, central Kansas","docAbstract":"Saline water discharges from the alluvial aquifer into the Smoky Hill and Solomon Rivers between New Cambria and Sand Springs, Kansas. During relatively stable base flow in 1976-77, the discharge was about 32 cubic feet per second. Chloride concentrations at base flow increased about 800 milligrams per liter in the Smoky Hill River and 550 milligrams per liter in the Solomon River.
The source of the saline water is the underlying Wellington aquifer, a zone of dissolution, subsidence, and collapse along the eastern margin of the Wellington Formation. Locally, brine from the aquifer moves upward through collapse structures in the confining layer at the base of the alluvium. The brine discharge ranges from 0.3 to 0.8 cubic foot per second, and the chloride load ranges from 150 to 370 tons per day.
Results from a mathematical model of the fl ow system indicated that recharge from periodic flooding, as in 1973, was sufficient to reverse the normal (197677) hydraulic gradient between aquifers. Although brine discharge was temporarily reduced, saline-water discharge to the rivers increased.
The discharge of brine could be intercepted by pumping wells completed in the Wellington aquifer to lower the potentiometric head and reduce upward flow. The intercepted brine could be discharged into formations underlying the area at depth or piped to a storage reservoir from which the brine would be evaporated or released to the rivers during peak flows. Also, the freshwater in upstream base flow could be diverted by canal, and the saline-water discharge could be retained by low-head dams in the river channel for release during peak flows.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri8143","usgsCitation":"Gillespie, J.B., and Hargadine, G.D., 1981, Saline ground-water discharge to the Smoky Hill River between Salina and Abilene, central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 81-43, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri8143.","productDescription":"71 p.","numberOfPages":"75","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356337,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0043/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158583,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1981/0043/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","city":"Abilene, Salina","otherGeospatial":"Smoky Hill River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.64305114746094,\n 38.66889221556877\n ],\n [\n -97.086181640625,\n 38.66889221556877\n ],\n [\n -97.086181640625,\n 39.02825225286664\n ],\n [\n -97.64305114746094,\n 39.02825225286664\n ],\n [\n -97.64305114746094,\n 38.66889221556877\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fe07c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gillespie, Joe B.","contributorId":21194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillespie","given":"Joe","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hargadine, Gerald D.","contributorId":27499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hargadine","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":59029,"text":"mf1307 - 1981 - Free-air gravity anomaly map, Dixon Entrance to Cross Sound, northeastern Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:27","indexId":"mf1307","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1307","title":"Free-air gravity anomaly map, Dixon Entrance to Cross Sound, northeastern Gulf of Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf1307","usgsCitation":"Bruns, T., Childs, J., and Atwood, T.J., 1981, Free-air gravity anomaly map, Dixon Entrance to Cross Sound, northeastern Gulf of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1307, 1 map ;67 x 62 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1307.","productDescription":"1 map ;67 x 62 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105732,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6934.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"6934"},{"id":183156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -138,54.5 ], [ -138,57.5 ], [ -133,57.5 ], [ -133,54.5 ], [ -138,54.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8674","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruns, T.R.","contributorId":96683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bruns","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Childs, J.R.","contributorId":63011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childs","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atwood, T. J.","contributorId":25625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":67687,"text":"l140 - 1981 - Land use and land cover, 1973, Richmond, Virginia; Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:31","indexId":"l140","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":321,"text":"Land Use and Land Cover","code":"L","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"140","title":"Land use and land cover, 1973, Richmond, Virginia; Maryland","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/l140","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1981, Land use and land cover, 1973, Richmond, Virginia; Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Land Use and Land Cover 140, -, https://doi.org/10.3133/l140.","productDescription":"-","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":186394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":260994,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/l/140/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -78,37 ], [ -78,38 ], [ -76,38 ], [ -76,37 ], [ -78,37 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae535","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":534433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23914,"text":"ofr81336 - 1981 - Surficial geology of Mallory quadrangle, Oswego County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-25T20:54:15.120815","indexId":"ofr81336","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-336","title":"Surficial geology of Mallory quadrangle, Oswego County, New York","docAbstract":"The location and extent of seven kinds of surficial deposits in Mallory quadrangle, Oswego County, N.Y., are mapped on a 7.5-minute U.S. Geological Survey topographic map. The map was compiled to indicate the lithology and poential for ground-water development at any specific location. 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These rocks have been folded to form the Panther Mountain syncline on the south and the Kinta anticline on the north. Alluvium along streams is less than 15 feet thick and consists mainly of sandy silt. Water in bedrock is under artesian conditions. Well depths range from 11 to 213 feet and average 75 feet. In 86% of the wells measured, the water level was less than 30 feet below the land surface. Because the rocks have minimal permeability, well yields probably are less than 5 gallons per minute. Ground water is commonly a mixed cation bicarbonate type with dissolved solids ranging from about 300 to 2,000 milligrams per liter. No relationship between water chemistry and well depth or geographic distribution is apparent. Streams in the area are ephemeral and there are extended periods of no flow. Blue Creek was dry 30% of the time during 1976-80 and had flows of less than 0.1 cubic foot per second for at least 80 consecutive days. Stream water is generally a mixed cation sulfate type. The maximum dissolved-solids concentration determined in stream water was 3670 milligrams per liter. Maximum suspended sediment discharge, in tons per day, was about 235 for Blue Creek, 40 for Blue Creek tributary, and 630 for Mathuldy Creek. Silt-clay particles (diameters less than 0.062 millimeter) are the dominant sediment size. Surface mining for coal undoubtedly will have some effect on the environment. The most likely deleterious effects are increased sediment loads in streams and increased mineralization of stream waters. However, these effects should be of only limited extent and duration if appropriate mining and reclamation practices are followed. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr811187","usgsCitation":"Marcher, M.V., Bergman, D.L., Stoner, J., and Blumer, S.P., 1981, Preliminary appraisal of the hydrology of the Blocker area, Pittsburg County, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1187, iv, 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811187.","productDescription":"iv, 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1187/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34831,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1187/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34832,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1187/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34833,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1187/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":34834,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1187/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67ca5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marcher, Melvin V.","contributorId":11590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcher","given":"Melvin","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bergman, D. 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81788","usgsCitation":"Tooker, E.W., Brem, G.F., Chaffee, M., and Plouff, D., 1981, A potential resource target identified in the Hoover Wilderness and adjoining RARE II study areas, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-788, i, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81788.","productDescription":"i, 8 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392146,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75539.htm"},{"id":34827,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0788/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":141518,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0788/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Hoover Wilderness and adjoining RARE II study areas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.5733,\n 38.365\n ],\n [\n -119.3667,\n 38.365\n ],\n [\n -119.3667,\n 38.2194\n ],\n [\n -119.5733,\n 38.2194\n ],\n [\n -119.5733,\n 38.365\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1fe4b07f02db6ab66e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tooker, Edwin Wilson","contributorId":33295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tooker","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"Wilson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brem, G. 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F.","contributorId":85589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hintze","given":"L. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3844,"text":"cir858B - 1981 - Preliminary metallogenic map of North America: An alphabetical listing of deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-20T06:58:18","indexId":"cir858B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"858","chapter":"B","title":"Preliminary metallogenic map of North America: An alphabetical listing of deposits","docAbstract":"The names of 4,215 ore deposits shown on the Preliminary Metallogenic Map of North America are listed in alphabetical order by country, and by subdivisions of the larger countries (Canada, Mexico, and the United States). Map numbers, major and minor constituents, geographic coordinates, and a geologic code are given for each entry.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir858B","issn":"03646017","usgsCitation":"Guild, P.W., 1981, Preliminary metallogenic map of North America: An alphabetical listing of deposits: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 858, iii, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir858B.","productDescription":"iii, 72 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118398,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1981/0858b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30917,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1981/0858b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.85937499999999,\n 11.178401873711785\n ],\n [\n -62.22656249999999,\n 47.989921667414194\n ],\n [\n -59.0625,\n 56.9449741808516\n ],\n [\n -83.3203125,\n 63.54855223203644\n ],\n [\n -105.1171875,\n 69.16255790810501\n ],\n [\n -139.921875,\n 70.61261423801925\n ],\n [\n -155.0390625,\n 71.85622888185527\n ],\n [\n -166.9921875,\n 69.03714171275197\n ],\n [\n -163.125,\n 64.77412531292873\n ],\n [\n -161.015625,\n 53.74871079689897\n ],\n [\n -141.328125,\n 56.75272287205736\n ],\n [\n -129.7265625,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -117.7734375,\n 24.5271348225978\n ],\n [\n -93.8671875,\n 10.833305983642491\n ],\n [\n -80.85937499999999,\n 6.664607562172573\n ],\n [\n -80.85937499999999,\n 11.178401873711785\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de7a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guild, Philip White","contributorId":94285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guild","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"White","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":8926,"text":"ofr81210 - 1981 - Hydrologic effects of highway-deicing chemicals in Massachusetts; executive summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:09","indexId":"ofr81210","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-210","title":"Hydrologic effects of highway-deicing chemicals in Massachusetts; executive summary","docAbstract":"Methods of estimating annual mean and annual maximum chloride concentrations in streams were developed through multiple and simple linear regression techniques using data collected during the 1972-77 water years. Independent variables are easily obtainable parameters, such as total salt application within a basin, annual precipitation, and drainage basin characteristics. Methods for obtaining gross estimates of chloride loads and sodium loads from salt-application data and estimates of nonhighway-related chloride and sodium were suggested. A chloride budget was calculated for a small basin draining a section of interstate highway. The chloride budget was described in terms of the percentages in direct runoff to the stream, in ground-water discharges to the stream, in storage in the ground, and the amount unaccounted for. Attempts were made to relate chloride concentrations in ground water adjacent to highways to quantities of salt applied to the highways on an annual basis, annual precipitation, depth of the wells below land surface, depth of the well below water table, and the distance of the well from the edge of the pavement. Little correlation was observed between annual salt-application values and annual mean chloride concentrations in ground water near highways. The irregular distribution of highway runoff, due to topographic differences between sites, and variations in runoff resulting from individual storms seem to be the causes of the lack of significant correlation between annual quantities of salt applied and chloride concentrations in ground water near highways. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr81210","usgsCitation":"Frost, L., Pollock, S., and Wakelee, R., 1981, Hydrologic effects of highway-deicing chemicals in Massachusetts; executive summary: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-210, iii, 13 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81210.","productDescription":"iii, 13 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0210/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36534,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0210/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a87f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frost, L.R. Jr.","contributorId":56219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frost","given":"L.R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pollock, S.J.","contributorId":101260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollock","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wakelee, R.F.","contributorId":108109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wakelee","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":158563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}