Increasing population, agricultural development (including shifts to more water-intensive crops), and climate variability are placing increasingly larger demands on available groundwater resources in the Pajaro Valley, one of the most productive agricultural regions in the world. This study provided a refined conceptual model, geohydrologic framework, and integrated hydrologic model of the Pajaro Valley. The goal of this study was to produce a model capable of being accurate at scales relevant to water management decisions that are being considered in the revision and updates to the Basin Management Plan (BMP). The Pajaro Valley Hydrologic Model (PVHM) was designed to reproduce the most important natural and human components of the hydrologic system and related climatic factors, permitting an accurate assessment of groundwater conditions and processes that can inform the new BMP and help to improve planning for long-term sustainability of water resources. Model development included a revision of the conceptual model of the flow system, reevaluation of the previous model transformed into MODFLOW, implementation of the new geohydrologic model and conceptual model, and calibration of the transient hydrologic model.
\n\n
The PVHM model, using MODFLOW with the Farm Process (MF-FMP2), is capable of being accurate at seasonal to interannual time frames and subregional to valley-wide spatial scales for the assessment of the groundwater hydrologic budget for water years 1964–2009, as well as potential assessment of the BMP components and sustainability analysis of conjunctive use. The model provides a good representation of the regional flow system and the use and movement of water throughout the valley.
\n\n
Simulated changes in storage over time show that, prior to the 1984–92 dry period, significant withdrawals from storage occurred only during drought years. Since about 1993, growers in the Pajaro Valley have shifted to more water intensive crops, such as strawberries, bushberries, and vegetable row crops, as well as making additional rotational plantings, which have increased demand on limited groundwater resources. Simulated groundwater flow indicates that vertical hydraulic gradients between horizontal layers fluctuate and even reverse in several parts of the basin as recharge and pumpage rates change seasonally and annually. The majority of recharge predominantly enters the Alluvial aquifer system, and along with pumpage and the largest fractions of storage depletion, occurs in the inland regions. Coastal inflow as seawater intrusion replaces much of the potential storage depletion in the coastal regions. The simulated long-term imbalance between inflows and outflows indicates overdraft of the groundwater basin averaging about 12,950 acre-feet per year (acre-ft/yr) over the 46-year period of water years (1964–2009). Annual overdraft varies considerably from year to year, depending on land use, pumpage, and climate conditions. Climatically driven factors can affect inflows, outflows, and water use by as much as a factor of two between wet and dry years. Coastal inflows and outflows vary by year and by aquifer; the net coastal inflow, or seawater intrusion, ranges from about 1,000 to more than 6,000 acre-ft/yr. Maps of simulated and measured water-level elevations indicate regions with water levels below sea level in the alluvium and Aromas layers.
\n
Ongoing expansion of local hydrologic monitoring networks indicates the importance of these networks to the understanding of changes in groundwater flow, streamflow, and streamflow infiltration. In particular, the monitoring of streamflow, groundwater pumpage, and groundwater levels throughout the valley not only indicates the state of the resources, but also provides valuable information for model calibration and for model-based evaluation of management actions.
The HS-ASR was simulated for the years 2002–09, and replaced about about 1,290 acre-ft of coastal pumpage. This was combined with the simulation of additional 6,200 acre-ft of deliveries from supplemental wells, recycled water, and city connection deliveries through the CDS that also supplanted some coastal pumpage. Total simulated deliveries were 7,350 acre-ft of the 7,500 acre-ft of reported deliveries for the period 2002-09. The completed CDS should be capable of delivering about 8.8 million cubic meters (7,150 acre-ft) of water per year to coastal farms within the Pajaro Valley, if all the local supply components were fully available for this purpose. This would represent about 15 percent of the 48,300 acre-ft (59.6 million cubic meters) average agricultural pumpage for the period 2005 to 2009. Combined with the potential capture and reuse of some of the return flows and tile-drain flows, this could represent an almost 70 percent reduction of average overdraft for the entire valley and a large part of the coastal pumpage that induces seawater intrusion.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145111","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Pajaro Valley Water Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Hanson, R.T., Schmid, W., Faunt, C., Lear, J., and Lockwood, B., 2014, Integrated hydrologic model of Pajaro Valley, Santa Cruz and Monterey Counties, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5111, x, 166 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145111.","productDescription":"x, 166 p.","numberOfPages":"180","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-003917","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294084,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145111.jpg"},{"id":294082,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5111"},{"id":294083,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5111/pdf/sir2014-5111.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Monterey County;Santa Cruz County","otherGeospatial":"Pajaro Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.00,36.866667 ], [ -122.00,37.5 ], [ -121.616667,37.5 ], [ -121.616667,36.866667 ], [ -122.00,36.866667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541be60ce4b0e96537dda06b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmid, Wolfgang","contributorId":84020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmid","given":"Wolfgang","affiliations":[{"id":13040,"text":"Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":494674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faunt, Claudia C. 0000-0001-5659-7529 ccfaunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":1491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"Claudia C.","email":"ccfaunt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lear, Jonathan","contributorId":72303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lear","given":"Jonathan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lockwood, Brian","contributorId":80202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockwood","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70125297,"text":"70125297 - 2014 - Interpreting the paleozoogeography and sea level history of thermally anomalous marine terrace faunas: A case study from the the last interglacial complex of San Clemente Island, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-31T19:20:23.243279","indexId":"70125297","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-17T15:31:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2785,"text":"Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interpreting the paleozoogeography and sea level history of thermally anomalous marine terrace faunas: A case study from the the last interglacial complex of San Clemente Island, California","docAbstract":"Marine invertebrate faunas with mixtures of extralimital southern and extralimital northern faunal elements, called thermally anomalous faunas, have been recognized for more than a century in the Quaternary marine terrace record of the Pacific Coast of North America. Although many mechanisms have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, no single explanation seems to be applicable to all localities where thermally anomalous faunas have been observed. Here, we describe one such thermally anomalous fossil fauna that was studied on the second emergent marine terrace at Eel Point on San Clemente Island. The Eel Point terrace complex is a composite feature, consisting of a narrow upper bench (terrace 2a) and a broader lower bench (terrace 2b). Terrace 2b, previously dated from ∼128 ka to ∼114 ka, was thought to date solely to marine isotope stage (MIS) 5.5, representing the peak of the last interglacial period. Nevertheless, the fauna contains an extralimital northern species and several northward-ranging species, as well as an extralimital southern species and several southward-ranging species. Similar faunas with thermally anomalous elements have also been reported from San Nicolas Island, Point Loma (San Diego County), and Cayucos (San Luis Obispo County), California. U-series dating of corals at those localities shows that the thermally anomalous faunas may be the result of mixing of fossils from both the ∼100-ka (cool-water) and the ∼120-ka (warm-water) sea level high stands. Submergence, erosion, and fossil mixing of the ∼120-ka terraces by the ∼100-ka high-sea stand may have been possible due to glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) effects on North America, which could have resulted in a higher-than-present local sea level stand at ∼100 ka. The terrace elevation spacing on San Clemente Island is very similar to that on San Nicolas Island, and we hypothesize that a similar mixing took place on San Clemente Island. Existing fossil records from older terraces elsewhere in California also show thermally anomalous elements, indicating that the scenario presented here for the last interglacial complex may have applicability to much of the marine Quaternary record for the Pacific Coast.
","language":"English","publisher":"Brigham Young University Press","publisherLocation":"Provo, UT","doi":"10.3398/042.007.0110","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D.R., Groves, L., and Schumann, R.R., 2014, Interpreting the paleozoogeography and sea level history of thermally anomalous marine terrace faunas: A case study from the the last interglacial complex of San Clemente Island, California: Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist, v. 7, no. 1, p. 82-108, https://doi.org/10.3398/042.007.0110.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"82","endPage":"108","numberOfPages":"27","ipdsId":"IP-045364","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3398/042.007.0110","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294077,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Clemente Island","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.607689,32.799553 ], [ -118.607689,33.036017 ], [ -118.348743,33.036017 ], [ -118.348743,32.799553 ], [ -118.607689,32.799553 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541a9492e4b01571b3d4cc67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":1857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Groves, Lindsey T.","contributorId":61678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groves","given":"Lindsey T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schumann, R. Randall 0000-0001-8158-6960 rschumann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8158-6960","contributorId":1569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"R.","email":"rschumann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Randall","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":501177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70124000,"text":"70124000 - 2014 - USGS ecosystem research for the next decade: advancing discovery and application in parks and protected areas through collaboration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T15:54:56","indexId":"70124000","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-17T15:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3561,"text":"The George Wright Forum","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"USGS ecosystem research for the next decade: advancing discovery and application in parks and protected areas through collaboration","docAbstract":"Ecosystems within parks and protected areas in the United States and throughout the world are being transformed at an unprecedented rate. Changes associated with natural hazards, greenhouse gas emissions, and increasing demands for water, food, land, energy and mineral resources are placing urgency on sound decision making that will help sustain our Nation’s economic and environmental well-being (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). In recognition of the importance of science in making these decisions, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2007 identified ecosystem science as one of six science directions included in a comprehensive decadal strategy (USGS 2007). The Ecosystems Mission Area was identified as essential for integrating activity within the USGS and as a key to enhanced integration with other Federal and private sector research and management organizations (Myers at al., 2007).
\nThis paper focuses on benefits to parks and protected areas from the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area plan that expanded the scope of the original 2007 science strategy, to identify the Bureau’s work in ecosystem science over the next decade (Williams et al., 2013). The plan describes a framework that encompasses both basic and applied science and allows the USGS to continue to contribute meaningfully to conservation and management issues related to the Nation’s parks and ecological resources. This framework relies on maintaining long-standing, collaborative relationships with partners in both conducting science and applying scientific results. Here we summarize the major components of the USGS Ecosystems Science Strategy, articulating the vision, goals and strategic approaches, then outlining some of the proposed actions that will ultimately prove useful to those managing parks and protected areas. We end with a discussion on the future of ecosystem science for the USGS and how it can be used to evaluate ecosystem change and the associated consequences to management of our Nation’s natural resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"George Wright Society","usgsCitation":"van Riper, C., Nichols, J., Wingard, G., Kershner, J.L., Cloern, J.E., Jacobson, R.B., White, R.P., McGuire, A.D., Williams, B.K., Gelfenbaum, G., and Shapiro, C.D., 2014, USGS ecosystem research for the next decade: advancing discovery and application in parks and protected areas through collaboration: The George Wright Forum, v. 31, no. 2.","ipdsId":"IP-044820","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294111,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295628,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.georgewright.org/node/9643"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541bf45fe4b0e96537ddf8f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, James D. 0000-0002-7631-2890 jnichols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wingard, G. Lynn","contributorId":44969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wingard","given":"G. Lynn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kershner, Jeffrey L. 0000-0002-7093-9860 jkershner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-9860","contributorId":310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kershner","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jkershner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jacobson, Robert B. 0000-0002-8368-2064 rjacobson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":1289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"Robert","email":"rjacobson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"White, Robin P. rpwhite@usgs.gov","contributorId":239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Robin","email":"rpwhite@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5053,"text":"IPDS Training","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McGuire, Anthony D. 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":2493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Anthony","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Williams, Byron K. 0000-0001-7644-1396","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-1396","contributorId":86616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Byron","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gelfenbaum, Guy","contributorId":79844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gelfenbaum","given":"Guy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Shapiro, Carl D. 0000-0002-1598-6808 cshapiro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1598-6808","contributorId":3048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Carl","email":"cshapiro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70125317,"text":"70125317 - 2014 - Toxicity of smelter slag-contaminated sediments from Upper Lake Roosevelt and associated metals to early life stage White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus Richardson, 1836)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-14T16:05:26","indexId":"70125317","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-17T10:51:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Toxicity of smelter slag-contaminated sediments from Upper Lake Roosevelt and associated metals to early life stage White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus Richardson, 1836)","title":"Toxicity of smelter slag-contaminated sediments from Upper Lake Roosevelt and associated metals to early life stage White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus Richardson, 1836)","docAbstract":"The toxicity of five smelter slag-contaminated sediments from the upper Columbia River and metals associated with those slags (cadmium, copper, zinc) was evaluated in 96-h exposures of White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus Richardson, 1836) at 8 and 30 days post-hatch. Leachates prepared from slag-contaminated sediments were evaluated for toxicity. Leachates yielded a maximum aqueous copper concentration of 11.8 μg L−1 observed in sediment collected at Dead Man's Eddy (DME), the sampling site nearest the smelter. All leachates were nonlethal to sturgeon that were 8 day post-hatch (dph), but leachates from three of the five sediments were toxic to fish that were 30 dph, suggesting that the latter life stage is highly vulnerable to metals exposure. Fish maintained consistent and prolonged contact with sediments and did not avoid contaminated sediments when provided a choice between contaminated and uncontaminated sediments. White Sturgeon also failed to avoid aqueous copper (1.5–20 μg L−1). In water-only 96-h exposures of 35 dph sturgeon with the three metals, similar toxicity was observed during exposure to water spiked with copper alone and in combination with cadmium and zinc. Cadmium ranging from 3.2 to 41 μg L−1 or zinc ranging from 21 to 275 μg L−1 was not lethal, but induced adverse behavioral changes including a loss of equilibrium. These results suggest that metals associated with smelter slags may pose an increased exposure risk to early life stage sturgeon if fish occupy areas contaminated by slags.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jai.12565","usgsCitation":"Little, E.E., Calfee, R., and Linder, G., 2014, Toxicity of smelter slag-contaminated sediments from Upper Lake Roosevelt and associated metals to early life stage White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus Richardson, 1836): Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 30, no. 6, p. 1497-1507, https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12565.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1497","endPage":"1507","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044255","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12565","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":294032,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Lake Roosevelt","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.1128327,47.5639191 ], [ -94.1128327,47.5661303 ], [ -94.111389,47.5661303 ], [ -94.111389,47.5639191 ], [ -94.1128327,47.5639191 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"30","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541a9493e4b01571b3d4cc82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Little, E. E.","contributorId":13187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Little","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Calfee, R.D.","contributorId":85130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calfee","given":"R.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linder, G.","contributorId":43070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linder","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70121300,"text":"ofr20141158 - 2014 - Two decision-support tools for assessing the potential effects of energy development on hydrologic resources as part of the Energy and Environment in the Rocky Mountain Area interactive energy atlas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T16:13:29","indexId":"ofr20141158","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-16T12:44:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1158","title":"Two decision-support tools for assessing the potential effects of energy development on hydrologic resources as part of the Energy and Environment in the Rocky Mountain Area interactive energy atlas","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey project—Energy and Environment in the Rocky Mountain Area (EERMA)—has developed a set of virtual tools in the form of an online interactive energy atlas for Colorado and New Mexico to facilitate access to geospatial data related to energy resources, energy infrastructure, and natural resources that may be affected by energy development. The interactive energy atlas currently (2014) consists of three components: (1) a series of interactive maps; (2) downloadable geospatial datasets; and (3) decison-support tools, including two maps related to hydrologic resources discussed in this report. The hydrologic-resource maps can be used to examine the potential effects of energy development on hydrologic resources with respect to (1) groundwater vulnerability, by using the depth to water, recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of the vadose zone, and hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer (DRASTIC) model, and (2) landscape erosion potential, by using the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). The DRASTIC aquifer vulnerability index value for the two-State area ranges from 48 to 199. Higher values, indicating greater relative aquifer vulnerability, are centered in south-central Colorado, areas in southeastern New Mexico, and along riparian corridors in both States—all areas where the water table is relatively close to the land surface and the aquifer is more susceptible to surface influences. As calculated by the RUSLE model, potential mean annual erosion, as soil loss in units of tons per acre per year, ranges from 0 to 12,576 over the two-State area. The RUSLE model calculated low erosion potential over most of Colorado and New Mexico, with predictions of highest erosion potential largely confined to areas of mountains or escarpments. An example is presented of how a fully interactive RUSLE model could be further used as a decision-support tool to evaluate the potential hydrologic effects of energy development on a site-specific basis and to explore the effectiveness of various mitigation practices.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141158","usgsCitation":"Linard, J.I., Matherne, A.M., Leib, K.J., Carr, N.B., Diffendorfer, J., Hawkins, S.J., Latysh, N., Ignizio, D., and Babel, N.C., 2014, Two decision-support tools for assessing the potential effects of energy development on hydrologic resources as part of the Energy and Environment in the Rocky Mountain Area interactive energy atlas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1158, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141158.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-057229","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science 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this threat, scientists at the Western Ecology Division of the U.S. EPA at and the Western Fisheries Research Center of the U.S. Geological Survey, along with other partners, initiated a series of studies on the structure and vulnerability of tidal wetlands to climate change. One research thrust was to evaluate community structure of PNW marshes, experimentally assess the vulnerability of marsh plants to inundation and salinity stress (as would happen with sea level rise), and evaluate the utility of the National Wetland Inventory (NWI) classification system. Another research thrust was to develop tools that provide insights into possible impacts of climate change. This effort included enhancing the Sea Level Affecting Marshes Model (SLAMM) to predict the effects of sea level rise on submerged aquatic vegetation (Zostera marina) distributions, evaluating changes in river flow into coastal estuaries in response to precipitation changes, and synthesizing Pacific Coast estuary, watershed, and climate data in a downloadable tool. Because the research resulting from these efforts was published in multiple venues, we summarized them in this document. We anticipate that future research efforts by the U.S. EPA will continue with a focus on climate change impacts on a regional scale.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Folger, C.L., Lee, H., Janousek, C.N., and Reusser, D.A., 2014, Structure and vulnerability of Pacific Northwest tidal wetlands – A summary of wetland climate change research by the Western Ecology Division, U.S. EPA, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060046","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320572,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":300638,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=307905"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.3212890625,\n 46.37725420510028\n ],\n [\n -123.42041015624999,\n 46.2102496001872\n ],\n [\n -123.59619140625001,\n 44.15068115978091\n ],\n [\n -123.662109375,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -123.85986328124999,\n 41.09591205639546\n ],\n [\n -124.3212890625,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -124.49707031249999,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -124.69482421875,\n 42.71473218539458\n ],\n [\n -124.23339843749999,\n 44.793530904744074\n ],\n [\n -124.3212890625,\n 46.37725420510028\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57209139e4b071321fe656a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Folger, Christina L","contributorId":140888,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Folger","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":13604,"text":"Western Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2111 SE Marine Science Dr., Newport, OR 97365","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Henry II","contributorId":86251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Henry","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Janousek, Christopher N. 0000-0003-2124-6715","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-6715","contributorId":103951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Janousek","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reusser, Deborah A. dreusser@usgs.gov","contributorId":2423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reusser","given":"Deborah","email":"dreusser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70122984,"text":"ofr20141180 - 2014 - Decision analysis of mitigation and remediation of sedimentation within large wetland systems: a case study using Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T10:04:50","indexId":"ofr20141180","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-16T08:41:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1180","title":"Decision analysis of mitigation and remediation of sedimentation within large wetland systems: a case study using Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge","docAbstract":"Sedimentation has been identified as an important stressor across a range of wetland systems. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has the responsibility of maintaining wetlands within its National Wildlife Refuge System for use by migratory waterbirds and other wildlife. Many of these wetlands could be negatively affected by accelerated rates of sedimentation, especially those located in agricultural parts of the landscape. In this report we document the results of a decision analysis project designed to help U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service staff at the Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge (herein referred to as the Refuge) determine a strategy for managing and mitigating the negative effects of sediment loading within Refuge wetlands. The Refuge’s largest wetland, Agassiz Pool, has accumulated so much sediment that it has become dominated by hybrid cattail (Typha × glauca), and the ability of the staff to control water levels in the Agassiz Pool has been substantially reduced. This project consisted of a workshop with Refuge staff, local and regional stakeholders, and several technical and scientific experts. At the workshop we established Refuge management and stakeholder objectives, a range of possible management strategies, and assessed the consequences of those strategies. After deliberating a range of actions, the staff chose to consider the following three strategies: (1) an inexpensive strategy, which largely focused on using outreach to reduce external sediment inputs to the Refuge; (2) the most expensive option, which built on the first option and relied on additional infrastructure changes to the Refuge to increase management capacity; and (3) a strategy that was less expensive than strategy 2 and relied mostly on existing infrastructure to improve management capacity. Despite the fact that our assessments were qualitative, Refuge staff decided they had enough information to select the third strategy. Following our qualitative assessment, we discussed additional considerations and uncertainties that might affect implementation of this strategy.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141180","usgsCitation":"Post van der Burg, M., Jenni, K., Nieman, T.L., Eash, J.D., and Knutsen, G.A., 2014, Decision analysis of mitigation and remediation of sedimentation within large wetland systems: a case study using Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1180, vi, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141180.","productDescription":"vi, 18 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-054981","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141180.jpg"},{"id":293884,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1180/pdf/ofr2014-1180.pdf"},{"id":293862,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1180/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.0,47.0 ], [ -98.0,49.0 ], [ -94.0,49.0 ], [ -94.0,47.0 ], [ -98.0,47.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5419430ce4b091c7ffc8e50d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Post van der Burg, Max 0000-0002-3943-4194 maxpostvanderburg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3943-4194","contributorId":4947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Post van der Burg","given":"Max","email":"maxpostvanderburg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenni, Karen E.","contributorId":21256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenni","given":"Karen E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nieman, Timothy L.","contributorId":103967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nieman","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eash, Josh D.","contributorId":100933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eash","given":"Josh","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Knutsen, Gregory A.","contributorId":35247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knutsen","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70128747,"text":"70128747 - 2014 - A synopsis of short-term response to alternative restoration treatments in sagebrush-steppe: the SageSTEP project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T10:37:14","indexId":"70128747","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-15T13:11:41","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A synopsis of short-term response to alternative restoration treatments in sagebrush-steppe: the SageSTEP project","docAbstract":"The Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP) is an integrated long-term study that evaluates ecological effects of alternative treatments designed to reduce woody fuels and to stimulate the herbaceous understory of sagebrush steppe communities of the Intermountain West. This synopsis summarizes results through 3 yr posttreatment. Woody vegetation reduction by prescribed fire, mechanical treatments, or herbicides initiated a cascade of effects, beginning with increased availability of nitrogen and soil water, followed by increased growth of herbaceous vegetation. Response of butterflies and magnitudes of runoff and erosion closely followed herbaceous vegetation recovery. Effects on shrubs, biological soil crust, tree cover, surface woody fuel loads, and sagebrush-obligate bird communities will take longer to be fully expressed. In the short term, cool wet sites were more resilient than warm dry sites, and resistance was mostly dependent on pretreatment herbaceous cover. At least 10 yr of posttreatment time will likely be necessary to determine outcomes for most sites. Mechanical treatments did not serve as surrogates for prescribed fire in how each influenced the fuel bed, the soil, erosion, and sage-obligate bird communities. Woody vegetation reduction by any means resulted in increased availability of soil water, higher herbaceous cover, and greater butterfly numbers. We identified several trade-offs (desirable outcomes for some variables, undesirable for others), involving most components of the study system. Trade-offs are inevitable when managing complex natural systems, and they underline the importance of asking questions about the whole system when developing management objectives. Substantial spatial and temporal heterogeneity in sagebrush steppe ecosystems emphasizes the point that there will rarely be a “recipe” for choosing management actions on any specific area. Use of a consistent evaluation process linked to monitoring may be the best chance managers have for arresting woodland expansion and cheatgrass invasion that may accelerate in a future warming climate.","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Range Management","publisherLocation":"Lakewood, CO","doi":"10.2111/REM-D-14-00084.1","usgsCitation":"McIver, J., Brunson, M., Bunting, S., Chambers, J., Doescher, P., Grace, J., Hulet, A., Johnson, D., Knick, S.T., Miller, R., Pellant, M., Pierson, F., Pyke, D., Rau, B., Rollins, K., Roundy, B., Schupp, E., Tausch, R., and Williams, J., 2014, A synopsis of short-term response to alternative restoration treatments in sagebrush-steppe: the SageSTEP project: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 67, no. 5, p. 584-598, https://doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-14-00084.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"584","endPage":"598","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-058346","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science 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Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Miller, Richard","contributorId":43697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pellant, Mike","contributorId":83856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellant","given":"Mike","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Pierson, Fred","contributorId":82630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Fred","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Pyke, David","contributorId":41767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Rau, Benjamin","contributorId":69079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rau","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Rollins, Kim","contributorId":49292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rollins","given":"Kim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Roundy, Bruce","contributorId":62535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roundy","given":"Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Schupp, Eugene","contributorId":84682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schupp","given":"Eugene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Tausch, Robin","contributorId":43290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tausch","given":"Robin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Williams, Jason jason@usgs.gov","contributorId":3397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Jason","email":"jason@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":503177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70122730,"text":"fs20143086 - 2014 - The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T15:24:27","indexId":"fs20143086","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-12T14:12:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3086","title":"The 3D Elevation Program: summary for Illinois","docAbstract":"Elevation data are essential to a broad range of applications, including forest resources management, wildlife and habitat management, national security, recreation, and many others. For the State of Illinois, elevation data are critical for flood risk management, water supply and quality, infrastructure and construction management, agriculture and precision farming, and other business uses. Today, high-density light detection and ranging (lidar) data are the primary sources for deriving elevation models and other datasets. Federal, State, and local agencies work in partnership to (1) replace data that are older and of lower quality and (2) provide coverage where publicly accessible data do not exist. A joint goal of State and Federal partners is to acquire consistent, statewide coverage to support existing and emerging applications enabled by lidar data.
\nThe National Enhanced Elevation Assessment evaluated multiple elevation data acquisition options to determine the optimal data quality and data replacement cycle relative to cost to meet the identified requirements of the user community. The evaluation demonstrated that lidar acquisition at quality level 2 for the conterminous United States and quality level 5 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ifsar) data for Alaska with a 6- to 10-year acquisition cycle provided the highest benefit/cost ratios. The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) initiative selected an 8-year acquisition cycle for the respective quality levels. 3DEP, managed by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Office of Management and Budget Circular A–16 lead agency for terrestrial elevation data, responds to the growing need for high-quality topographic data and a wide range of other 3D representations of the Nation’s natural and constructed features.
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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5413fd26e4b082fed288b8e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carswell, William J. Jr. carswell@usgs.gov","contributorId":1787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"William J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"carswell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":499673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70124919,"text":"70124919 - 2014 - Pesticides in U.S. streams and rivers: occurrence and trends during 1992-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-27T10:49:55","indexId":"70124919","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-12T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticides in U.S. streams and rivers: occurrence and trends during 1992-2011","docAbstract":"During the 20 years from 1992 to 2011, pesticides were found at concentrations that exceeded aquatic-life benchmarks in many rivers and streams that drain agricultural, urban, and mixed-land use watersheds. Overall, the proportions of assessed streams with one or more pesticides that exceeded an aquatic-life benchmark were very similar between the two decades for agricultural (69% during 1992−2001 compared to 61% during 2002−2011) and mixed-land-use streams (45% compared to 46%). Urban streams, in contrast, increased from 53% during 1992−2011 to 90% during 2002−2011, largely because of fipronil and dichlorvos. The potential for adverse effects on aquatic life is likely greater than these results indicate because potentially important pesticide compounds were not included in the assessment. Human-health benchmarks were much less frequently exceeded, and during 2002−2011, only one agricultural stream and no urban or mixed-land-use streams exceeded human-health benchmarks for any of the measured pesticides. Widespread trends in pesticide concentrations, some downward and some upward, occurred in response to shifts in use patterns primarily driven by regulatory changes and introductions of new pesticides.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es5025367","usgsCitation":"Stone, W.W., Gilliom, R.J., and Ryberg, K.R., 2014, Pesticides in U.S. streams and rivers: occurrence and trends during 1992-2011: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 48, no. 19, p. 11025-11030, https://doi.org/10.1021/es5025367.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"11025","endPage":"11030","numberOfPages":"6","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-055809","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293799,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es5025367"},{"id":293801,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"48","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5413fd24e4b082fed288b8d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Wesley W. 0000-0003-0239-2063 wwstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0239-2063","contributorId":1496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Wesley","email":"wwstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ryberg, Karen R. 0000-0002-9834-2046 kryberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-2046","contributorId":1172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryberg","given":"Karen","email":"kryberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70124520,"text":"70124520 - 2014 - Bird migration and avian influenza: a comparison of hydrogen stable isotopes and satellite tracking methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-26T17:14:45","indexId":"70124520","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-12T08:28:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bird migration and avian influenza: a comparison of hydrogen stable isotopes and satellite tracking methods","docAbstract":"Satellite-based tracking of migratory waterfowl is an important tool for understanding the potential role of wild birds in the long-distance transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza. However, employing this technique on a continental scale is prohibitively expensive. This study explores the utility of stable isotope ratios in feathers in examining both the distances traveled by migratory birds and variation in migration behavior. We compared the satellite-derived movement data of 22 ducks from 8 species captured at wintering areas in Bangladesh, Turkey, and Hong Kong with deuterium ratios (δD) in the feathers of these and other individuals captured at the same locations. We derived likely molting locations from the satellite tracking data and generated expected isotope ratios based on an interpolated map of δD in rainwater. Although δD was correlated with the distance between wintering and molting locations, surprisingly, measured δD values were not correlated with either expected values or latitudes of molting sites. However, population-level parameters derived from the satellite-tracking data, such as mean distance between wintering and molting locations and variation in migration distance, were reflected by means and variation of the stable isotope values. Our findings call into question the relevance of the rainfall isotope map for Asia for linking feather isotopes to molting locations, and underscore the need for extensive ground truthing in the form of feather-based isoscapes. Nevertheless, stable isotopes from feathers could inform disease models by characterizing the degree to which regional breeding populations interact at common wintering locations. Feather isotopes also could aid in surveying wintering locations to determine where high-resolution tracking techniques (e.g. satellite tracking) could most effectively be employed. Moreover, intrinsic markers such as stable isotopes offer the only means of inferring movement information from birds that have died as a result of infection. In the absence of feather based-isoscapes, we recommend a combination of isotope analysis and satellite-tracking as the best means of generating aggregate movement data for informing disease models.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecological Indicators","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.04.027","usgsCitation":"Bridge, E., Kelly, J., Xiao, X., Takekawa, J.Y., Hill, N., Yamage, M., Haque, E.U., Islam, M.A., Mundkur, T., Yavuz, K.E., Leader, P., Leung, C.Y., Smith, B., Spragens, K., Vandegrift, K.J., Hosseini, P.R., Saif, S., Mohsanin, S., Mikolon, A., Islam, A., George, A., Sivananinthaperumal, B., Daszak, P., and Newman, S.H., 2014, Bird migration and avian influenza: a comparison of hydrogen stable isotopes and satellite tracking methods: Ecological Indicators, v. 45, p. 266-273, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.04.027.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"266","endPage":"273","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-035731","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4097340","text":"External Repository"},{"id":293794,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293780,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.04.027"}],"country":"Bangladesh;Hong Kong;Turkey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 30.0,10.0 ], [ 30.0,80.0 ], [ 160.0,80.0 ], [ 160.0,10.0 ], [ 30.0,10.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"45","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5413fd22e4b082fed288b8bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bridge, Eli S.","contributorId":79413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridge","given":"Eli S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelly, Jeffrey F.","contributorId":88291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Jeffrey F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Xiao, Xiangming","contributorId":67212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiao","given":"Xiangming","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hill, Nichola J.","contributorId":30342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Nichola J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yamage, Mat","contributorId":54912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yamage","given":"Mat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Haque, Enam Ul","contributorId":63741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haque","given":"Enam","email":"","middleInitial":"Ul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Islam, Mohammad Anwarul","contributorId":16769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Islam","given":"Mohammad","email":"","middleInitial":"Anwarul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mundkur, Taej","contributorId":107843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mundkur","given":"Taej","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Yavuz, Kiraz Erciyas","contributorId":50092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yavuz","given":"Kiraz","email":"","middleInitial":"Erciyas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Leader, Paul","contributorId":89818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leader","given":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Leung, Connie Y.H.","contributorId":107627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leung","given":"Connie","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Smith, Bena","contributorId":72318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Bena","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Spragens, Kyle A.","contributorId":98452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spragens","given":"Kyle A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Vandegrift, Kurt J.","contributorId":84676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandegrift","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Hosseini, Parviez R.","contributorId":80208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hosseini","given":"Parviez","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Saif, Samia","contributorId":12388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saif","given":"Samia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Mohsanin, Samiul","contributorId":83853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohsanin","given":"Samiul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Mikolon, Andrea","contributorId":81036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikolon","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Islam, Ausrafal","contributorId":36471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Islam","given":"Ausrafal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"George, Acty","contributorId":59364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Acty","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Sivananinthaperumal, Balachandran","contributorId":63518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sivananinthaperumal","given":"Balachandran","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Daszak, Peter","contributorId":96130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daszak","given":"Peter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Newman, Scott H.","contributorId":101372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24}]}} ,{"id":70099803,"text":"ds835 - 2014 - Archive of single-beam bathymetry data collected from select areas in Weeks Bay and Weeks Bayou, southwest Louisiana, January 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-13T17:01:02.517649","indexId":"ds835","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-11T16:31:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"835","title":"Archive of single-beam bathymetry data collected from select areas in Weeks Bay and Weeks Bayou, southwest Louisiana, January 2013","docAbstract":"A team of scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, collected 92 line-kilometers of dual-frequency single-beam bathymetry data in the tidal creeks, bayous, and coastal areas near Weeks Bay, southwest Louisiana. Limited bathymetry data exist for these tidally and meteorologically influenced shallow-water estuarine environments. In order to reduce the present knowledge gap, the objectives of this study were to (1) develop methods for regional inland bathymetry mapping and monitoring, (2) test inland bathymetry mapping system in pilot locations for integrating multiple elevation (aerial and terrestrial lidar) and bathymetry datasets, (3) implement inland bathymetry mapping and monitoring in highly focused sites, and (4) evaluate changes in bathymetry and channel-fill sediment storage using these methods.
\nThis report contains single-beam bathymetric data collected between January 14 and 18, 2013. Data were collected from the RV Mako (5-meter vessel) in water depths that ranged from <1 meter to 7.7 meters. Locations of data collection ranged from open-bay systems to narrow inland tidal creeks (U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity Number 13CCT01).
\nThis report serves as an archive of processed bathymetry data. Geographic information system data provided in this document include a 10-meter cell-size interpolated gridded bathymetry surface, and trackline maps. Additional files include error analysis maps, Field Activity Collection System logs, and formal Federal Geographic Data Committee metadata.
\nDo not use these data for navigational purposes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds835","usgsCitation":"DeWitt, N.T., Reich, C.D., Smith, C.G., and Reynolds, B.J., 2014, Archive of single-beam bathymetry data collected from select areas in Weeks Bay and Weeks Bayou, southwest Louisiana, January 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 835, Report: HTML Document; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds835.","productDescription":"Report: HTML Document; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051955","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293785,"rank":4,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds835.png"},{"id":293782,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0835/"},{"id":293783,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0835/ds835_Abstract.html"},{"id":293784,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0835/ds835_Data_Downloads.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Weeks Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.00,29.50 ], [ -92.00,30.00 ], [ -91.50,30.00 ], [ -91.50,29.50 ], [ -92.00,29.50 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412ab88e4b0239f1986b9ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeWitt, Nancy T. 0000-0002-2419-4087 ndewitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2419-4087","contributorId":4095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Nancy","email":"ndewitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reich, Christopher D. 0000-0002-2534-1456 creich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-1456","contributorId":900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"Christopher","email":"creich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Christopher G. 0000-0002-8075-4763 cgsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-4763","contributorId":3410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Christopher","email":"cgsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Reynolds, Billy J. 0000-0002-3232-8022 breynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3232-8022","contributorId":4272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Billy","email":"breynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70169082,"text":"70169082 - 2014 - Annual variation of spawning Cutthroat Trout in a small Western USA stream: A case study with implications for the conservation of potamodromous trout life history diversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-26T15:13:59.214378","indexId":"70169082","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-11T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Annual variation of spawning Cutthroat Trout in a small Western USA stream: A case study with implications for the conservation of potamodromous trout life history diversity","docAbstract":"Little is known about the variability in the spatial and temporal distribution of spawning potamodromous trout despite decades of research directed at salmonid spawning ecology and the increased awareness that conserving life history diversity should be a focus of management. We monitored a population of fluvial–resident Bonneville Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii utah in a tributary to the Logan River, Utah, from 2006 to 2012 to gain insight into the distribution and timing of spawning and what factors may influence these spawning activities. We monitored Bonneville Cutthroat Trout using redd surveys with multiple observers and georeferenced redd locations. We documented an extended spawning period that lasted from late April to mid‐July. The onset, median, and end of spawning was best predicted by the mean maximum water temperature during the first 13 weeks of the year (F = 130. 4, df = 5, R2 = 0.96, P < 0.0001) with spawning beginning and ending earlier in years that had warmer water temperatures prior to spawning. The distribution of redds was clumped each year and the relative density of redds was greater in a reach dominated by dams constructed by beavers Castor canadensis. Both dam failure and construction appeared to be responsible for creating new spawning habitat that was quickly occupied, demonstrating rapid temporal response to local habitat changes. Bonneville Cutthroat Trout appeared to establish and defend a redd for up to 2 d, and spawning most often occurred between similar‐sized individuals. Spawning surveys for potamodromous trout are an underutilized tool that could be used to better understand the distribution and timing of spawning as well as determine the size and trends of the reproducing portion of populations of management concern. Without efforts to document the diversity of this important aspect of potamodromous trout life history, prioritization of conservation will be problematic.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2014.938139","usgsCitation":"Bennett, S., Al-Chokhachy, R.K., Roper, B.B., and Budy, P., 2014, Annual variation of spawning Cutthroat Trout in a small Western USA stream: A case study with implications for the conservation of potamodromous trout life history diversity: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 34, no. 5, p. 1033-1046, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2014.938139.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1033","endPage":"1046","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050825","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318910,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Spawn Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.77627563476562,\n 41.712904935827716\n ],\n [\n -111.77627563476562,\n 41.99318090502962\n ],\n [\n -111.41098022460938,\n 41.99318090502962\n ],\n [\n -111.41098022460938,\n 41.712904935827716\n ],\n [\n -111.77627563476562,\n 41.712904935827716\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ea83abe4b0f59b85d90cc5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, Stephen","contributorId":117583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennett","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":12682,"text":"Utah State University, Logan, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert K. 0000-0002-2136-5098 ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":1674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","email":"ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roper, Brett B.","contributorId":120701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roper","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Budy, Phaedra E. 0000-0002-9918-1678 pbudy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9918-1678","contributorId":140028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budy","given":"Phaedra","email":"pbudy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70119745,"text":"ofr20141170 - 2014 - Model documentation for relations between continuous real-time and discrete water-quality constituents in Indian Creek, Johnson County, Kansas, June 2004 through May 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-11T12:40:38","indexId":"ofr20141170","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-11T12:33:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1170","title":"Model documentation for relations between continuous real-time and discrete water-quality constituents in Indian Creek, Johnson County, Kansas, June 2004 through May 2013","docAbstract":"Johnson County is the fastest growing county in Kansas, with a population of about 560,000 people in 2012. Urban growth and development can have substantial effects on water quality, and streams in Johnson County are affected by nonpoint-source pollutants from stormwater runoff and point-source discharges such as municipal wastewater effluent. Understanding of current (2014) water-quality conditions and the effects of urbanization is critical for the protection and remediation of aquatic resources in Johnson County, Kansas and downstream reaches located elsewhere. The Indian Creek Basin is 194 square kilometers and includes parts of Johnson County, Kansas and Jackson County, Missouri. Approximately 86 percent of the Indian Creek Basin is located in Johnson County, Kansas. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Johnson County Wastewater, operated a series of six continuous real-time water-quality monitoring stations in the Indian Creek Basin during June 2011 through May 2013; one of these sites has been operating since February 2004. Five monitoring sites were located on Indian Creek and one site was located on Tomahawk Creek. The purpose of this report is to document regression models that establish relations between continuously measured water-quality properties and discretely collected water-quality constituents. Continuously measured water-quality properties include streamflow, specific conductance, pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and nitrate. Discrete water-quality samples were collected during June 2011 through May 2013 at five new sites and June 2004 through May 2013 at a long-term site and analyzed for sediment, nutrients, bacteria, and other water-quality constituents. Regression models were developed to establish relations between discretely sampled constituent concentrations and continuously measured physical properties to estimate concentrations of those constituents of interest that are not easily measured in real time because of limitations in sensor technology and fiscal constraints. Regression models for 28 water-quality constituents were developed and documented. The water-quality information in this report is important to Johnson County Wastewater because it allows the concentrations of many potential pollutants of interest, including nutrients and sediment, to be estimated in real time and characterized during conditions and time scales that would not be possible otherwise.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141170","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Johnson County Wastewater","usgsCitation":"Stone, M.L., and Graham, J.L., 2014, Model documentation for relations between continuous real-time and discrete water-quality constituents in Indian Creek, Johnson County, Kansas, June 2004 through May 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1170, Report: xcviii, 71 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141170.","productDescription":"Report: xcviii, 71 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"169","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2004-06-01","temporalEnd":"2013-05-31","ipdsId":"IP-054302","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293709,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1170/pdf/ofr2014-1170.pdf"},{"id":293710,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1170/downloads/"},{"id":293711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141170.jpg"},{"id":293708,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1170/"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Albers Conic Equal-Area projection","country":"United States","state":"Kansas","county":"Johnson County","otherGeospatial":"Indian Creek","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.75,38.833333 ], [ -94.75,39.0 ], [ -94.583333,39.0 ], [ -94.583333,38.833333 ], [ -94.75,38.833333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412ab8de4b0239f1986b9e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Mandy L. 0000-0002-6711-1536 mstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6711-1536","contributorId":4409,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Mandy","email":"mstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graham, Jennifer L. 0000-0002-6420-9335 jlgraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-9335","contributorId":1769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Jennifer","email":"jlgraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70122769,"text":"fs20143088 - 2014 - Changing Arctic ecosystems: sea ice decline, permafrost thaw, and benefits for geese","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-14T13:43:28","indexId":"fs20143088","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-11T08:47:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3088","title":"Changing Arctic ecosystems: sea ice decline, permafrost thaw, and benefits for geese","docAbstract":"Through the Changing Arctic Ecosystems (CAE) initiative, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) strives to inform resource management decisions for Arctic Alaska by providing scientific information on current and future ecosystem response to a warming climate. A key area for the USGS CAE initiative has been the Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska. This region has experienced a warming trend over the past 30 years, leading to reductions in sea ice and thawing of permafrost. Loss of sea ice has increased ocean wave action, leading to erosion and salt water inundation of coastal habitats. Saltwater tolerant plants are now thriving in these areas and this appears to be a positive outcome for geese in the Arctic. This finding is contrary to the deleterious effects that declining sea ice is having on habitats of ice-dependent animals, such as polar bear and walrus.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143088","usgsCitation":"Flint, P.L., Whalen, M.E., and Pearce, J.M., 2014, Changing Arctic ecosystems: sea ice decline, permafrost thaw, and benefits for geese: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3088, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143088.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-057998","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293636,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143088.JPG"},{"id":293635,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3088/pdf/fs2014-3088.pdf"},{"id":293627,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3088"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.44,51.21 ], [ 172.44,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.44,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5412ab8ae4b0239f1986b9d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whalen, Mary E. 0000-0003-2820-5158 mwhalen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2820-5158","contributorId":203717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whalen","given":"Mary","email":"mwhalen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pearce, John M. 0000-0002-8503-5485 jpearce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8503-5485","contributorId":181766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pearce","given":"John","email":"jpearce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":499688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70123974,"text":"70123974 - 2014 - Effects of suspended sediment concentration and grain size on three optical turbidity sensors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-10T11:04:12","indexId":"70123974","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-10T11:01:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2457,"text":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of suspended sediment concentration and grain size on three optical turbidity sensors","docAbstract":"Purpose: Optical turbidity sensors have been successfully used to determine suspended sediment flux in rivers, assuming the relation between the turbidity signal and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) has been appropriately calibrated. Sediment size, shape and colour affect turbidity and are important to incorporate into the calibration process.
\nMaterials and methods: This study evaluates the effect of SSC and particle size (i.e. medium sand, fine sand, very fine sand, and fines (silt + clay)) on the sensitivity of the turbidity signal. Three different turbidity sensors were used, with photo detectors positioned at 90 and 180 degrees relative to the axis of incident light. Five different sediment ratios of sand:fines (0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0) were also evaluated for a single SSC (1000 mg l-1).
\nResults and discussion: The photo detectors positioned at 90 degrees were more sensitive than sensor positioned at 180 degrees in reading a wide variety of grain size particles. On average for the three turbidity sensors, the sensitivity for fines were 170, 40, and 4 times greater than sensitivities for medium sand, fine sand, and very fine sand, respectively. For an SSC of 1000 mg l-1 with the treatments composed of different proportions of sand and fines, the presence of sand in the mixture linearly reduced the turbidity signal.
\nConclusions: The results indicate that calibration of the turbidity signal should be carried out in situ and that the attenuation of the turbidity signal due to sand can be corrected, as long as the proportion of sand in the SSC can be estimated.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11368-013-0813-0","usgsCitation":"Merten, G., Capel, P.D., and Minella, J., 2014, Effects of suspended sediment concentration and grain size on three optical turbidity sensors: Journal of Soils and Sediments, v. 14, no. 7, p. 1235-1241, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-013-0813-0.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1235","endPage":"1241","ipdsId":"IP-042816","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293598,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293592,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-013-0813-0"}],"volume":"14","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541157b3e4b0fe7e184a5539","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merten, Gustavo Henrique","contributorId":62530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Merten","given":"Gustavo Henrique","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Capel, Paul D. 0000-0003-1620-5185 capel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":1002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"Paul","email":"capel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Minella, Jean","contributorId":69485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minella","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70123972,"text":"70123972 - 2014 - Lacustrine responses to decreasing wet mercury deposition rates: results from a case study in northern Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:27:34","indexId":"70123972","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-10T10:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lacustrine responses to decreasing wet mercury deposition rates: results from a case study in northern Minnesota","docAbstract":"We present a case study comparing metrics of methylmercury (MeHg) contamination for four undeveloped lakes in Voyageurs National Park to wet atmospheric deposition of mercury (Hg), sulfate (SO4–2), and hydrogen ion (H+) in northern Minnesota. Annual wet Hg, SO4–2, and H+ deposition rates at two nearby precipitation monitoring sites indicate considerable decreases from 1998 to 2012 (mean decreases of 32, 48, and 66%, respectively). Consistent with decreases in the atmospheric pollutants, epilimnetic aqueous methylmercury (MeHgaq) and mercury in small yellow perch (Hgfish) decreased in two of four lakes (mean decreases of 46.5% and 34.5%, respectively, between 2001 and 2012). Counter to decreases in the atmospheric pollutants, MeHgaq increased by 85% in a third lake, whereas Hgfish increased by 80%. The fourth lake had two disturbances in its watershed during the study period (forest fire; changes in shoreline inundation due to beaver activity); this lake lacked overall trends in MeHgaq and Hgfish. The diverging responses among the study lakes exemplify the complexity of ecosystem responses to decreased loads of atmospheric pollutants.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es500301a","usgsCitation":"Brigham, M.E., Sandheinrich, M.B., Gay, D., Maki, R., Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Wiener, J.G., 2014, Lacustrine responses to decreasing wet mercury deposition rates: results from a case study in northern Minnesota: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 48, no. 11, p. 6115-6123, https://doi.org/10.1021/es500301a.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"6115","endPage":"6123","ipdsId":"IP-051280","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472769,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/es500301a","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":293591,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es500301a"},{"id":293596,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Voyageurs National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.203689,48.299689 ], [ -93.203689,48.631628 ], [ -92.453285,48.631628 ], [ -92.453285,48.299689 ], [ -93.203689,48.299689 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"48","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541157b4e4b0fe7e184a553d","chorus":{"doi":"10.1021/es500301a","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es500301a","publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","authors":"Brigham Mark E., Sandheinrich Mark B., Gay David A., Maki Ryan P., Krabbenhoft David P., Wiener James G.","journalName":"Environmental Science & Technology","publicationDate":"6/3/2014","auditedOn":"3/4/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"6/3/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brigham, Mark E. 0000-0001-7412-6800 mbrigham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7412-6800","contributorId":1840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brigham","given":"Mark","email":"mbrigham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sandheinrich, Mark B.","contributorId":86736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandheinrich","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gay, David A.","contributorId":68022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gay","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maki, Ryan P.","contributorId":100111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maki","given":"Ryan P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":500488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":500483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wiener, James G.","contributorId":93853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiener","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":17913,"text":"River Studies Center, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":500487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70123460,"text":"ofr20141189 - 2014 - Waterbird egg mercury concentrations in response to wetland restoration in south San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T11:21:09","indexId":"ofr20141189","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-10T09:02:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1189","title":"Waterbird egg mercury concentrations in response to wetland restoration in south San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"The conversion of 50–90 percent of 15,100 acres of former salt evaporation ponds to tidal marsh habitat in the south San Francisco Bay, California, is planned as part of the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project. This large-scale habitat restoration may change the bioavailability of methylmercury. The South Bay already is known to have high methylmercury concentrations, with methylmercury concentrations in several waterbirds species more than known toxicity thresholds where avian reproduction is impaired.
\nIn this 2013 study, we continued monitoring bird egg mercury concentrations in response to the restoration of the Pond A8/A7/A5 Complex to a potential tidal marsh in the future. The restoration of the Pond A8/A7/A5 Complex began in autumn 2010, and the Pond A8 Notch was opened 5 feet (one of eight gates) to muted tidal action on June 1, 2011, and then closed in the winter. In autumn 2010, internal levees between Ponds A8, A7, and A5 were breached and water depths were substantially increased by flooding the Pond A8/A7/A5 Complex in February 2011. In June 2012, 15 feet (three of eight gates) of the Pond A8 Notch was opened, and then closed in December 2012. In June 2013, 15 feet of the Pond A8 Notch again was opened, and the Pond A8/A7/A5 Complex was a relatively deep and large pond with muted tidal action in the summer.
\nThis report synthesizes waterbird data from the 2013 breeding season, and combines it with our prior study’s data from 2010 and 2011.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141189","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., Herzog, M., Hartman, C.A., Watts, T.C., and Barr, J.R., 2014, Waterbird egg mercury concentrations in response to wetland restoration in south San Francisco Bay, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1189, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141189.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-057717","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293578,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141189.jpg"},{"id":293574,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1189/"},{"id":293579,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1189/pdf/ofr2014-1189.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.6325,36.8942 ], [ -123.6325,38.8642 ], [ -121.2082,38.8642 ], [ -121.2082,36.8942 ], [ -123.6325,36.8942 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541157b7e4b0fe7e184a554d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herzog, Mark P. mherzog@usgs.gov","contributorId":3965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Mark P.","email":"mherzog@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartman, Christopher A. chartman@usgs.gov","contributorId":5242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"Christopher","email":"chartman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":500142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Watts, Trevor C. twatts@usgs.gov","contributorId":5698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"Trevor","email":"twatts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":500143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barr, Jarred R. jrbarr@usgs.gov","contributorId":5699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"Jarred","email":"jrbarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":500144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70059134,"text":"70059134 - 2014 - Identifying sources of aeolian mineral dust: Present and past","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-13T14:42:44","indexId":"70059134","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-09T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Identifying sources of aeolian mineral dust: Present and past","docAbstract":"Aeolian mineral dust is an important component of the Earth’s environmental systems, playing roles in the planetary radiation balance, as a source of fertilizer for biota in both terrestrial and marine realms and as an archive for understanding atmospheric circulation and paleoclimate in the geologic past. Crucial to understanding all of these roles of dust is the identification of dust sources. Here we review the methods used to identify dust sources active at present and in the past. Contemporary dust sources, produced by both glaciogenic and non-glaciogenic processes, can be readily identified by the use of Earth-orbiting satellites. These data show that present dust sources are concentrated in a global dust belt that encompasses large topographic basins in low-latitude arid and semiarid regions. Geomorphic studies indicate that specific point sources for dust in this zone include dry or ephemeral lakes, intermittent stream courses, dune fields, and some bedrock surfaces. Back-trajectory analyses are also used to identify dust sources, through modeling of wind fields and the movement of air parcels over periods of several days. Identification of dust sources from the past requires novel approaches that are part of the geologic toolbox of provenance studies. Identification of most dust sources of the past requires the use of physical, mineralogical, geochemical, and isotopic analyses of dust deposits. Physical properties include systematic spatial changes in dust deposit thickness and particle size away from a source. Mineralogy and geochemistry can pinpoint dust sources by clay mineral ratios and Sc-Th-La abundances, respectively. The most commonly used isotopic methods utilize isotopes of Nd, Sr, and Pb and have been applied extensively in dust archives of deep-sea cores, ice cores, and loess. All these methods have shown that dust sources have changed over time, with far more abundant dust supplies existing during glacial periods. Greater dust supplies in glacial periods are likely due to greater production of glaciogenic dust particles from expanded ice sheets and mountain glaciers, but could also include dust inputs from exposed continental and insular shelves now submerged. Future dust sources are difficult to assess, but will likely differ from those of the present because of global warming. Global warming could bring about shifts in dust sources by changes in degree or type of vegetation cover, changes in wind strength, and increases or decreases in the size of water bodies. A major uncertainty in assessing dust sources of the future is related to changes inhuman land use, which could affect land surface cover, particularly due to increased agricultural endeavors and water usage.
","largerWorkType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineral dust: A key player in the earth system","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/978-94-017-8978-3","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D.R., Prospero, J., Baddock, M.C., and Gill, T., 2014, Identifying sources of aeolian mineral dust: Present and past, chap. of Mineral dust: A key player in the earth system, p. 51-74, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8978-3.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"74","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045657","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Global","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564717cbe4b0e2669b313114","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R","contributorId":118290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prospero, Joseph M","contributorId":118520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prospero","given":"Joseph M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baddock, Matthew C","contributorId":117410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baddock","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gill, Thomas E","contributorId":119945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Thomas E","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70133958,"text":"70133958 - 2014 - A portable freshwater closed-system fish egg incubation system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T19:08:26.05669","indexId":"70133958","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-09T13:08:04","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2885,"text":"North American Journal of Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A portable freshwater closed-system fish egg incubation system","docAbstract":"To identify fish eggs collected in the field to species, a portable closed‐system fish egg incubation system was designed and used to incubate and hatch the eggs in the laboratory. The system is portable, small in scale (2.54 × 1.52 × 2.03 m), and affordable, with the approximate cost of the system being US$8,300 (2012). The main tank is 678 L and holds a battery of up to 21 (egg) incubation jars. The system includes three independent water pumping systems to (1) provide aerated water to hatching jars, (2) filter and sterilize incubation water, and (3) provide temperature‐controlled water in the main tank bath and the incubation jars. The system was successfully used to incubate freshwater fish eggs to raise resulting larvae to the post‐yolk‐sac stage for three seasons (spring 2012, spring 2013, and fall 2013) over two consecutive years, at two different locations, enabling us to identify fish eggs to species by providing identifiable fish larvae from incubated fish eggs.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/15222055.2014.933751","usgsCitation":"Sutherland, J.L., Manny, B.A., Kennedy, G.W., Roseman, E., Allen, J.D., and Black, M.G., 2014, A portable freshwater closed-system fish egg incubation system: North American Journal of Aquaculture, v. 76, no. 4, p. 391-398, https://doi.org/10.1080/15222055.2014.933751.","productDescription":"8 p,","startPage":"391","endPage":"398","ipdsId":"IP-055714","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383025,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"546f10e0e4b057be23d4a72e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sutherland, Jenny L. jsutherland@usgs.gov","contributorId":5874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutherland","given":"Jenny","email":"jsutherland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manny, Bruce A. 0000-0002-4074-9329 bmanny@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4074-9329","contributorId":3699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manny","given":"Bruce","email":"bmanny@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennedy, Gregory W. 0000-0003-1686-6960 gkennedy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-6960","contributorId":3700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Gregory","email":"gkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F. eroseman@usgs.gov","contributorId":534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","email":"eroseman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":525598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Allen, Jeffrey D. jdallen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jdallen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Black, M. Glen gblack@usgs.gov","contributorId":2394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"M.","email":"gblack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Glen","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":525603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70120245,"text":"ofr20141173 - 2014 - Water-chemistry data collected in and near Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park, Hawaii, 2012–2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-09T16:13:46","indexId":"ofr20141173","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-09T08:53:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1173","title":"Water-chemistry data collected in and near Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park, Hawaii, 2012–2014","docAbstract":"Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park (KAHO) on western Hawaiʻi was established in 1978 to preserve, interpret, and perpetuate traditional Native Hawaiian culture and activities, including the preservation of a variety of culturally and ecologically significant water resources that are vital to this mission. KAHO water bodies provide habitat for 1 threatened, 11 endangered, and 3 candidate threatened or endangered species. These habitats are sustained by, and in the case of ʻAimakapā Fishpond and the anchialine pools, entirely dependent on, groundwater from the Keauhou aquifer system. Development of inland impounded groundwater in the Keauhou aquifer system may affect the coastal freshwater-lens system on which KAHO depends, if the inland impounded-groundwater and coastal freshwater-lens systems are hydrologically connected. This report documents water-chemistry results from a U.S. Geological Survey study that collected and analyzed water samples from 2012 to 2014 from 25 sites in and near KAHO to investigate potential geochemical indicators in water that might indicate the presence or absence of a hydrologic connection between the inland impounded-groundwater and coastal freshwater-lens systems in the area. Samples were collected under high-tide and low-tide conditions for KAHO sites, and in dry-season and wet-season conditions for all sites. Samples were collected from two ocean sites, two fishponds, three anchialine pools, and three monitoring wells within KAHO. Two additional nearshore wells were sampled on property adjacent to and north of KAHO. Additional samples from the freshwater-lens system were collected from six inland wells located upslope from KAHO, including three production wells. Seven production wells in the inland impounded-groundwater system also were sampled. Water samples were analyzed for major ions, selected trace elements, rare-earth elements, strontium-isotope ratio, and stable isotopes of water. Precipitation samples from five sites were collected roughly along a transect upslope from KAHO. All precipitation samples were analyzed for stable isotopes of water and some precipitation samples were analyzed for rare-earth and selected trace elements.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141173","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Hawaiʻi Commission on Water Resource Management and the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Tillman, F., Oki, D.S., and Johnson, A.G., 2014, Water-chemistry data collected in and near Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park, Hawaii, 2012–2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1173, Report: v, 14 p.; Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141173.","productDescription":"Report: v, 14 p.; Tables","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2012-01-01","temporalEnd":"2014-09-01","ipdsId":"IP-057290","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293481,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141173.jpg"},{"id":293477,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1173/pdf/ofr2014-1173.pdf"},{"id":293478,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1173/downloads/ofr2014-1173_tables.xlsx"},{"id":293469,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1173/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kaloko-honokohau National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -156.045925,19.665068 ], [ -156.045925,19.693891 ], [ -156.016629,19.693891 ], [ -156.016629,19.665068 ], [ -156.045925,19.665068 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54100634e4b07ab1cd980825","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillman, Fred D. 0000-0002-2922-402X ftillman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-402X","contributorId":1629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"Fred D.","email":"ftillman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oki, Delwyn S. 0000-0002-6913-8804 dsoki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6913-8804","contributorId":1901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oki","given":"Delwyn","email":"dsoki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Adam G. 0000-0003-2448-5746 ajohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2448-5746","contributorId":4752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Adam","email":"ajohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70120234,"text":"sir20145154 - 2014 - An overview comparing results from two decades of monitoring for pesticides in the Nation’s streams and rivers, 1992-2001 and 2002-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-09T08:54:52","indexId":"sir20145154","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-09T08:52:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5154","title":"An overview comparing results from two decades of monitoring for pesticides in the Nation’s streams and rivers, 1992-2001 and 2002-2011","docAbstract":"This report provides an overview of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment program and National Stream Quality Accounting Network findings for pesticide occurrence in U.S. streams and rivers during 2002–11 and compares them to findings for the previous decade (1992–2001). In addition, pesticide stream concentrations were compared to Human Health Benchmarks (HHBs) and chronic Aquatic Life Benchmarks (ALBs). The comparisons between the decades were intended to be simple and descriptive. Trends over time are being evaluated separately in a series of studies involving rigorous trend analysis. During both decades, one or more pesticides or pesticide degradates were detected more than 90 percent of the time in streams across all types of land uses. For individual pesticides during 2002–11, atrazine (and degradate, deethylatrazine), carbaryl, fipronil (and degradates), metolachlor, prometon, and simazine were detected in streams more than 50 percent of the time. In contrast, alachlor, chlorpyrifos, cyanazine, diazinon, EPTC, Dacthal, and tebuthiuron were detected less frequently in streams during the second decade than during the first decade. During 2002–11, only one stream had an annual mean pesticide concentration that exceeded an HHB. In contrast, 17 percent of agriculture land-use streams and one mixed land-use stream had annual mean pesticide concentrations that exceeded HHBs during 1992–2001. The difference between the first and second decades in terms of percent of streams exceeding HHBs was attributed to regulatory changes. During 2002–11, nearly two-thirds of agriculture land-use streams and nearly one-half of mixed land-use streams exceeded chronic ALBs. For urban land use, 90 percent of the streams exceeded a chronic ALB. Fipronil, metolachlor, malathion, cis-permethrin, and dichlorvos exceeded chronic ALBs for more than 10 percent of the streams. For agriculture and mixed land-use streams, the overall percent of streams that exceeded a chronic ALB was very similar between the decades. For urban land-use streams, the percent of streams exceeding a chronic ALB during 2002–11 nearly doubled that seen during 1992–2001. The reason for this difference was the inclusion of fipronil monitoring during the second decade. Across all land-use streams, the percent of streams exceeding a chronic ALB for fipronil during 2002–11 was greater than all other insecticides during both decades. The percent of streams exceeding a chronic ALB for metolachlor, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion, and carbaryl decreased from the first decade to the second decade. The results of the 2002–11 summary and comparison to 1992–2001 are consistent with the results from more rigorous trend analysis of pesticide stream concentrations for individual streams in various regions of the U.S.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145154","collaboration":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Stone, W.W., Gilliom, R.J., and Martin, J.D., 2014, An overview comparing results from two decades of monitoring for pesticides in the Nation’s streams and rivers, 1992-2001 and 2002-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5154, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145154.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055808","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":293482,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145154.jpg"},{"id":293479,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5154/"},{"id":293480,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5154/pdf/sir2014-5154.pdf"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125.15,24.86 ], [ -125.15,48.99 ], [ -66.95,48.99 ], [ -66.95,24.86 ], [ -125.15,24.86 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54100630e4b07ab1cd9807f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Wesley W. 0000-0003-0239-2063 wwstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0239-2063","contributorId":1496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Wesley","email":"wwstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilliom, Robert J. rgilliom@usgs.gov","contributorId":488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilliom","given":"Robert","email":"rgilliom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Jeffrey D. 0000-0003-1994-5285 jdmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-5285","contributorId":1066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jdmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70116961,"text":"sir20145135 - 2014 - Pesticide trends in major rivers of the United States, 1992-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:11:39","indexId":"sir20145135","displayToPublicDate":"2014-09-09T08:42:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5135","title":"Pesticide trends in major rivers of the United States, 1992-2010","docAbstract":"This report is part of a series of pesticide trend assessments led by the National Water-Quality Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. This assessment focuses on major rivers of various sizes throughout the United States that have large watersheds with a range of land uses, changes in pesticide use, changes in management practices, and natural influences typical of the regions being drained.
\nTrends were assessed at 59 sites for 40 pesticides and pesticide degradates during each of three overlapping periods: 1992–2001, 1997–2006, and 2001–10. In addition to trends in concentration, trends in agricultural-use intensity (agricultural use) were also assessed at 57 of the sites for 35 parent compounds with agricultural uses during the same three periods. The SEAWAVE-Q model was used to analyze trends in concentration, and parametric survival regression for interval-censored data was used to assess trends in agricultural use. All trends are provided in downloadable electronic files.
\nA subset of 39 sites was chosen to represent non-nested, generally independent basins for a national analysis of pesticide and agricultural-use trends for the most prevalent pesticides (15 pesticides and 2 degradation products). Graphical and numerical results are presented to provide a national overview of concentration and use trends. As another perspective on understanding pesticide concentration trends in large rivers in relation to multiple tributary watersheds, this report also presents a detailed assessment of concentration and use trends for simazine, metolachlor, atrazine, deethylatrazine, and diazinon for a set of 17 nested sites in the Mississippi River Basin (including the Ohio and Missouri River Basins), for the second and third trend periods.
\nPesticides strongly dominated by agricultural use—cyanazine, metolachlor, atrazine, and alachlor—had widespread agreement between concentration trends and agricultural-use trends. Pesticides with substantial use in agricultural and urban applications—simazine, tebuthiuron, Dacthal, pendimethalin, chlorpyrifos, malathion, diazinon, fipronil, carbofuran, and carbaryl—had concentration trends that were mostly explained by a combination of agricultural-use trends and concentration trends in urban streams that were evaluated in a separate companion study. The importance of the urban stream trends for explaining concentration trends in major rivers indicates the significance of nonagricultural uses of some pesticides to concentrations in major rivers despite the much smaller area of urban land use compared to agriculture. Deethylatrazine, a degradate of atrazine, was the only pesticide compound assessed that had frequent occurrences during 1997–2006 and 2001–10 of concentration trends in the opposite direction of use trends (atrazine use). The nested analysis for the Mississippi River indicates that most trends observed in the largest rivers—multiple Mississippi River sites, the Ohio River, and the Missouri River—are consistent with streamflow contributions and concentration trends observed at tributary sites.
\nStreamflow (incorporated into the trend model and shown in the nested basin analysis), trends in agricultural use of pesticides (quantified in this report), and urban use of pesticides (represented by concentration trends in a companion study of urban streams) are all important influences on pesticide concentrations in streams and rivers. Consideration of these influences is vital to understanding trends in pesticide concentrations.
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