No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Appalachia's coal-mined landscapes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","usgsCitation":"Merovich, G.T., Hitt, N.P., Merriam, E.R., and Jones, J., 2021, Response of aquatic life to coal mining in Appalachia, chap. of Appalachia's coal-mined landscapes, p. 245-285.","productDescription":"41 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"285","ipdsId":"IP-109608","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386207,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Merovich, George T. Jr.","contributorId":172041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merovich","given":"George","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":796179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hitt, Nathaniel P. 0000-0002-1046-4568","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1046-4568","contributorId":238185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitt","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Merriam, Eric R.","contributorId":203597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merriam","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12432,"text":"West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, Jess","contributorId":238187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Jess","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70254305,"text":"70254305 - 2021 - Regional crop water use assessment using Landsat-derived evapotranspiration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-17T14:43:46.916845","indexId":"70254305","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T09:40:15","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7176,"text":"Hydrologic Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional crop water use assessment using Landsat-derived evapotranspiration","docAbstract":"Reliable information on water use and availability at basin and field scales are important to ensure the optimized constructive uses of available water resources. This study was conducted with the specific objective to estimate Landsat-based actual evapotranspiration (ETa) using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model across the state of South Dakota (SD), USA for the 1986–2018 (33-year) period. Validated ETa estimations (r2 = 0.91, PBIAS = −4%, and %RMSE = 11.8%) were further used to understand the crop water-use characteristics and existing historic mono-directional (increasing/decreasing) trends over the eastern (ESD) and western (WSD) regions of SD. The crop water-use characteristics indicated that the annual cropland water uses across the ESD and WSD were more or less met by the precipitation amounts in the area. The ample water supply and distribution have led to high rainfed and low percentage of irrigated cropland (~2.5%) in the state. The WSD faced greater crop-water use reductions than the ESD during drought periods. The landscape ETa responses across the state were found to be more sensitive than precipitation for the drought impact assessments. The Mann Kendall trend analysis revealed the absence of a significant trend (p > 0.05) in annual ETa at a regional scale due to the varying weather conditions in the state. However, about 12% and 9% cropland areas in the ESD and WSD, respectively, revealed a significant mono-directional trend at pixel scale ETa. Most of the pixels under significant trend showed an increasing trend that can be explained by the shift in agricultural practices, increased irrigated cropland area, higher productions, moisture regime shifts, and decreased risk of farming in the dry areas. The decreasing trend pixels were clustered in mid-eastern SD and could be the result of dynamic conversion of wetlands to croplands and decreased irrigation practices in the region. This study also demonstrates the tremendous potential and robustness of the SSEBop model, Landsat imagery, and remote sensing-based ETa modelling approaches in estimating consistent spatially distributed evapotranspiration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.14015","usgsCitation":"Bawa, A., Senay, G.B., and Kumar, S., 2021, Regional crop water use assessment using Landsat-derived evapotranspiration: Hydrologic Processes, v. 35, no. 1, e14015, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14015.","productDescription":"e14015, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124142","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":428803,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South 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Dakota\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"35","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bawa, Arun 0000-0003-1226-0320","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1226-0320","contributorId":336731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bawa","given":"Arun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":900947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kumar, Sandeep 0000-0002-2717-5455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2717-5455","contributorId":336732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumar","given":"Sandeep","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":900998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70237097,"text":"70237097 - 2021 - Shaking is almost always a surprise: The earthquakes that produce significant ground motion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-29T14:48:05.155111","indexId":"70237097","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T09:36:56","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shaking is almost always a surprise: The earthquakes that produce significant ground motion","docAbstract":"Although small earthquakes are expected to produce weak shaking, ground motion is highly variable and there are outlier earthquakes that generate more shaking than expected—sometimes significantly more. We explore datasets of M 0.5–8.3 earthquakes to determine the relative impact of frequent, smaller-magnitude earthquakes that rarely produce strong ground motion, to rare, large earthquakes that always cause strong shaking. We find that the natural variability of ground motion, combined with the Gutenberg–Richter magnitude–frequency relationship, ensures that most occurrences of any ground motion come from earthquakes of smaller magnitude than expected, often > 2 magnitude units smaller. This holds even for very strong shaking ( > 20%g), suggesting that M < 7 earthquakes could be a significant source of damage.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220200165","usgsCitation":"Minson, S.E., Baltay Sundstrom, A.S., Cochran, E.S., McBride, S., and Milner, K.R., 2021, Shaking is almost always a surprise: The earthquakes that produce significant ground motion: Seismological Research Letters, v. 92, no. 1, p. 460-468, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200165.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"460","endPage":"468","ipdsId":"IP-103966","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407598,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minson, Sarah E. 0000-0001-5869-3477 sminson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5869-3477","contributorId":5357,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minson","given":"Sarah","email":"sminson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baltay Sundstrom, Annemarie S. 0000-0002-6514-852X abaltay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6514-852X","contributorId":4932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baltay Sundstrom","given":"Annemarie","email":"abaltay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McBride, Sara K. 0000-0002-8062-6542","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8062-6542","contributorId":206933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"Sara K.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":853336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Milner, Kevin R.","contributorId":63494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milner","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70215542,"text":"70215542 - 2021 - Investigation of land surface phenology detections in shrublands using multiple scale satellite data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-17T15:52:29.667553","indexId":"70215542","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T09:35:58","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigation of land surface phenology detections in shrublands using multiple scale satellite data","docAbstract":"Shrublands occupy about 13% of the global land surface, contain about one-third of the biodiversity, store about half of the global terrestrial carbon, and provide many ecosystem services to a large amount of world's human population and livestock. Because phenology is a sensitive indicator of the response of shrubland ecosystems to climate change, the alteration of ecosystems following species invasions, and the dynamics of shrubland ecosystem function, biodiversity, and carbon budgets, it is critical to monitor and assess phenological dynamics in shrubland ecosystems. However, most current land surface phenology (LSP) products derived from satellite data do not provide phenology detections in some semiarid shrublands where the amplitude of seasonal vegetation greenness is small. Therefore, we investigated the LSP detection using multiple spatial resolution satellite data and examined the impacts of spatial scales and shrubland ecosystem components (shrub and herb cover) on LSP detections over the western United States. Specifically, greenup onset date (GUD) in shrublands was detected from 30 m Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) data and 500 m Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) data to quantify scale effects. The GUD spatial patterns were explored with 30 m pixel variations in shrubland ecosystem components. The results show that GUD values varied with percent vegetation cover and shifted to earlier dates with increasing vegetation cover, demonstrating that satellite observations were not able to capture greenup onset until a threshold of green vegetation cover is reached. GUD was mostly undetectable from both HLS and VIIRS pixels with vegetation cover less than 10% and became fully detectable with vegetation covers larger than 50%. Similarly, the differences of GUD between HLS and VIIRS detections also decreased with increased vegetation cover. As a result of high shrubland heterogeneity, GUD from 30 m HLS pixels could be partially detected within a 500 m pixel despite GUD being undetectable from VIIRS time series. Moreover, vegetation cover heterogeneity also made it difficult for GUD at 30 m to be aggregated to coarse scales (such as to 500 m VIIRS pixels). These findings have significant implications to the detection and characterization of shrubland LSP responses to environmental and climate changes.
The Yellowstone hotspot is recognized as a whole-mantle plume with a history that extends to at least 56 Ma, as recorded by offshore volcanism on the Siletzia oceanic plateau. Siletzia accreted onto the North American plate at 51–49 Ma, followed by repositioning of the Farallon trench west of Siletzia from 48 to 45 Ma. North America overrode the hotspot, and it transitioned from the Farallon plate to the North American plate from 42 to 34 Ma. Since that time, it has been genetically associated with a series of aligned volcanic provinces associated with age-progressive events that include Oligocene high-K calc-alkaline volcanism in the Oregon backarc region with coeval adakite volcanism localized above the hot plume center; mid-Miocene bimodal and flood-basalt volcanism of the main-phase Columbia River Basalt Group; coeval collapse of the Nevadaplano associated with onset of Basin and Range extension and minor magmatism; and late Miocene to recent bimodal volcanism along two coeval but antithetical rhyolite migration trends—the Yellowstone–Snake River Plain hotspot track to the ENE and the Oregon High Lava Plains to the WNW.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GSATG477A.1","usgsCitation":"Camp, V.E., and Wells, R., 2021, The case for a long-lived and robust Yellowstone hotspot: GSA Today, v. 31, no. 1, p. 4-10, https://doi.org/10.1130/GSATG477A.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"10","ipdsId":"IP-120340","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/gsatg477a.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":424277,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone hotspot","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.10542644282327,\n 45.496463391446554\n ],\n [\n -127.1239997377456,\n 45.496463391446554\n ],\n [\n -127.1239997377456,\n 38.26784082692694\n ],\n [\n -108.10542644282327,\n 38.26784082692694\n ],\n [\n -108.10542644282327,\n 45.496463391446554\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Camp, Victor E.","contributorId":236848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camp","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6608,"text":"San Diego State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, Ray 0000-0002-7796-0160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":204016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70238942,"text":"70238942 - 2021 - Embracing the Future: Promoting adaptation and resilience to invasive species and climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-19T15:31:05.432128","indexId":"70238942","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T09:25:44","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":18,"text":"Abstract or summary"},"title":"Embracing the Future: Promoting adaptation and resilience to invasive species and climate change","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","conferenceTitle":"Regional Invasive Species & Climate Change Management Challenge","conferenceDate":"2021","language":"English","publisher":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","doi":"10.7275/djdw-cm44","usgsCitation":"Lopez, B., Brown-Lima, C., Dalaba, J., Evans, A., MacLean, M.G., and Morelli, T.L., 2021, Embracing the Future: Promoting adaptation and resilience to invasive species and climate change, Regional Invasive Species & Climate Change Management Challenge, 2021, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.7275/djdw-cm44.","productDescription":"2 p.","ipdsId":"IP-133546","costCenters":[{"id":5080,"text":"Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410712,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopez, Bianca","contributorId":300026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez","given":"Bianca","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown-Lima, Carrie","contributorId":287237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown-Lima","given":"Carrie","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dalaba, Justin","contributorId":300028,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dalaba","given":"Justin","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evans, Annette","contributorId":300029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Annette","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"MacLean, Meghan Graham","contributorId":300030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacLean","given":"Meghan","email":"","middleInitial":"Graham","affiliations":[{"id":36396,"text":"University of Massachusetts","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":859291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morelli, Toni Lyn 0000-0001-5865-5294 tmorelli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5865-5294","contributorId":197458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morelli","given":"Toni","email":"tmorelli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lyn","affiliations":[{"id":5080,"text":"Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":859292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70251048,"text":"70251048 - 2021 - An update on the 2020 activities of the Landsat Science Team","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-19T15:24:32.725897","indexId":"70251048","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T09:23:52","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":25,"text":"Newsletter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":30,"text":"Newsletter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17130,"text":"The Earth Observer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":30}},"title":"An update on the 2020 activities of the Landsat Science Team","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"NASA","usgsCitation":"Jeffery Masek, and Crawford, C., 2021, An update on the 2020 activities of the Landsat Science Team: The Earth Observer, v. 33, no. 1, p. 10-13.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-160490","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":424604,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://eospso.gsfc.nasa.gov/earthobserver/jan-feb-2021"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jeffery Masek","contributorId":333481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jeffery Masek","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":892868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crawford, Christopher J. 0000-0002-7145-0709 cjcrawford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7145-0709","contributorId":213607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Christopher J.","email":"cjcrawford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":892869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70227790,"text":"70227790 - 2021 - Particle tracer analysis for submerged berm placement of dredged material near South Padre Island, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-31T15:09:18.201784","indexId":"70227790","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T08:57:20","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10070,"text":"Journal of Dredging","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Particle tracer analysis for submerged berm placement of dredged material near South Padre Island, Texas","docAbstract":"The fate of unconfined dredged sediment placed as a submerged “feeder” berm in the nearshore region of South Padre Island (SPI), Texas, was investigated through a particle tracer study over the duration of 15 months. Unconfined sediment feeder systems can be a desirable alternative to traditional direct beach placement of nourishment material because the feeder systems are less intrusive to the beach environment and often less expensive. Placing sediment as close to the active beach profile, as practicable, and relying on natural nearshore processes to slowly distribute the sediment to the beach can keep a finite resource within the littoral zone. One challenge with this indirect approach is predicting the short- and long-term effects on the coastal system and shoreline in light of the complex nearshore dynamics involved. This study aims at elucidating sediment transport pathways at SPI after tracer release over the feeder berm via assessment of tracer particle counts obtained from nine sediment sampling campaigns (950 surface-sediment grab samples) between August 2018 and November 2019, covering a grid of 60 seabed and 50 dry beach locations. Tracer counts were performed in the laboratory making use of the fluorescent and ferromagnetic properties of the engineered particles to separate them from other sediment material. Results indicate that although the highest tracer counts remained near the initial release site of the feeder berm during the duration of the study, appreciable amounts of tracer moved throughout the study region. Even though fluctuations of tracer migration were observed, the most prominent appearance of tracer particles outside the initial placement site occurred south and immediately west of it, indicating net alongshore and onshore transport in those directions. Relatively, few tracer particles were found on the dry beach, indicating appreciable deposition of feeder material there may take years rather than months.","language":"English","publisher":"Western Dredging Association (WEDA)","usgsCitation":"Figlus, J., Song, Y., Maglio, C.K., Friend, P.L., Poleykett, J., Engel, F.L., Schnoebelen, D.J., and Boburka, K., 2021, Particle tracer analysis for submerged berm placement of dredged material near South Padre Island, Texas: Journal of Dredging, v. 19, no. 1, p. 14-31.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"31","ipdsId":"IP-123798","costCenters":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395136,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":395116,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.westerndredging.org/journal"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico, South Padre Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.18935012817381,\n 26.066497937896568\n ],\n [\n -97.11502075195311,\n 26.066497937896568\n ],\n [\n -97.11502075195311,\n 26.170074983409965\n ],\n [\n -97.18935012817381,\n 26.170074983409965\n ],\n [\n -97.18935012817381,\n 26.066497937896568\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Figlus, Jens","contributorId":272630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Figlus","given":"Jens","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56389,"text":"Texas A&M University-Galveston","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Song, Youn-Kyung","contributorId":272631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Song","given":"Youn-Kyung","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56389,"text":"Texas A&M University-Galveston","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maglio, Coraggio K.","contributorId":272632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maglio","given":"Coraggio","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":56390,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers-Galveston District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friend, Patrick L.","contributorId":272633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friend","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":56391,"text":"Partrec, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Poleykett, Jack","contributorId":272835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poleykett","given":"Jack","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56391,"text":"Partrec, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Engel, Frank L. 0000-0002-4253-2625","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4253-2625","contributorId":218208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engel","given":"Frank","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schnoebelen, Douglas James 0000-0001-7841-3188","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7841-3188","contributorId":240641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schnoebelen","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":832261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Boburka, Kristina","contributorId":272634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boburka","given":"Kristina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56392,"text":"City of South Padre Island, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":832262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70217649,"text":"70217649 - 2021 - Identification of Global Priorities for New Mountain Protected and Conserved Areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-09T14:52:46.804973","indexId":"70217649","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T08:42:32","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":251,"text":"Final Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"title":"Identification of Global Priorities for New Mountain Protected and Conserved Areas","docAbstract":"Mountain ecosystems are extremely diverse and fragile. They include astonishing biodiversity in terms of number of taxa and endemicity, and globally provide the most diverse range of ecosystem services.
The world’s system of protected and conserved areas includes many outstanding areas within the earth’s mountainous landscape: about 19% of mountain areas are protected or conserved, globally. Furthermore, approximately 90% of the most-strongly-protected conservation estate occurs in mountains. Nevertheless, significant mountain areas are not adequately protected, and many mountain ranges are completely unprotected. Of over 6000 Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) in mountains worldwide, 40.4% are entirely unprotected.
As the world conservation movement advocates to expand the global coverage of terrestrial protected areas over the next decade toward 30%, identifying priorities for new mountain protected and conserved areas will be most efficacious if it takes a strategic approach to ensure areas of highest value and most in need of protection are identified.
This paper introduces an iterative six-step decision support tool for identifying and prioritizing candidate areas for conserving inadequately protected mountain ecosystems, species, and habitats. The tool begins with quantitative analyses of the adequacy of protection of mountain KBAs, world terrestrial ecosystems, biodiversity hotspots, and red-listed species. It then guides regional teams through qualitative assessments of other values to develop lists of priority areas to give heightened consideration for protection or conservation.
The tool is framed on the notion that any of the more than 6000 mountain KBAs can be allocated into one of nine categories: four that identify inadequately protected areas prioritised for heightened consideration, two for which no further action is required unless circumstances change, and three not requiring further action due to being deemed adequately protected.
","language":"English","publisher":"IUCN-WCPA Mountain Specialist Group","usgsCitation":"Jacobs, P., Beever, E.A., Carbutt, C., Foggin, M., Juffe-Bignoli, D., Martin, M., Orchard, S., and Sayre, R., 2021, Identification of Global Priorities for New Mountain Protected and Conserved Areas: Final Report, 51 p.","productDescription":"51 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122845","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":383157,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.iucn.org/commissions/world-commission-protected-areas/our-work/mountains"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacobs, Peter","contributorId":248861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobs","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":2934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carbutt, Clinton","contributorId":248433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carbutt","given":"Clinton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49904,"text":"University of KwaZulu-Natal & Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foggin, Marc","contributorId":248434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Foggin","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49905,"text":"Plateau Perspectives. School of Public Policy and Global Affairs, University of British Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Juffe-Bignoli, Diego","contributorId":248435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Juffe-Bignoli","given":"Diego","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49906,"text":"UN Environment Programme, World Conservation Monitoring Centre","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Martin, Madeline Thomas 0000-0002-2704-1879","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2704-1879","contributorId":240612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Madeline Thomas","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Orchard, Shane","contributorId":248436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orchard","given":"Shane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49907,"text":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury and Lincoln University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sayre, Roger 0000-0001-6703-7105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6703-7105","contributorId":213640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sayre","given":"Roger","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70217075,"text":"70217075 - 2021 - Mapping the global threat of land subsidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-04T14:00:13.73923","indexId":"70217075","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T07:57:14","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping the global threat of land subsidence","docAbstract":"Subsidence, the lowering of Earth's land surface, is a potentially destructive hazard that can be caused by a wide range of natural or anthropogenic triggers but mainly results from solid or fluid mobilization underground. Subsidence due to groundwater depletion (1) is a slow and gradual process that develops on large time scales (months to years), producing progressive loss of land elevation (centimeters to decimeters per year) typically over very large areas (tens to thousands of square kilometers) and variably affects urban and agricultural areas worldwide. Subsidence permanently reduces aquifer-system storage capacity, causes earth fissures, damages buildings and civil infrastructure, and increases flood susceptibility and risk. During the next decades, global population and economic growth will continue to increase groundwater demand and accompanying groundwater depletion (2) and, when exacerbated by droughts (3), will probably increase land subsidence occurrence and related damages or impacts. To raise awareness and inform decision-making, we evaluate potential global subsidence due to groundwater depletion, a key first step toward formulating effective land-subsidence policies that are lacking in most countries worldwide.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.abb8549","usgsCitation":"Herrera, G., Ezquerro, P., Tomas, R., Bejar-Pizarro, M., Lopez-Vinielles, J., Rossi, M., Mateos, R.M., Carreon-Freyre, D., Lambert, J., Teatini, P., Cabral-Cano, E., Erkens, G., Galloway, D., Hung, W., Kakar, N., Sneed, M., Tosi, L., Wang, H., and Ye, S., 2021, Mapping the global threat of land subsidence: Science, v. 371, no. 6524, p. 34-36, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb8549.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"34","endPage":"36","ipdsId":"IP-120366","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10045/111711","text":"External 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Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tomas, Roberto","contributorId":246011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tomas","given":"Roberto","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49401,"text":"Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bejar-Pizarro, Marta","contributorId":246012,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bejar-Pizarro","given":"Marta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49399,"text":"Geohazards INSAR laboratory and Modelling group, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Madrid, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lopez-Vinielles, Juan","contributorId":246013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopez-Vinielles","given":"Juan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49399,"text":"Geohazards INSAR laboratory and Modelling group, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Madrid, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rossi, Mauro","contributorId":246014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rossi","given":"Mauro","affiliations":[{"id":49402,"text":"Istituto di Ricerca per la Protezione Idrogeologica, Perugia, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mateos, Rosa M.","contributorId":246015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mateos","given":"Rosa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":49399,"text":"Geohazards INSAR laboratory and Modelling group, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Madrid, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Carreon-Freyre, Dora","contributorId":203530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carreon-Freyre","given":"Dora","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36644,"text":"Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Queretaro, Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lambert, John","contributorId":246016,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lambert","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49403,"text":"Deltares, Delft, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Teatini, Pietro","contributorId":203529,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teatini","given":"Pietro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36643,"text":"Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Cabral-Cano, Enrique","contributorId":246017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cabral-Cano","given":"Enrique","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49404,"text":"Departamento de Geomagnetismo y Exploración, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Erkens, Gilles","contributorId":169045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erkens","given":"Gilles","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25398,"text":"Deltares Research Institute, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Galloway, Devin 0000-0003-0904-5355","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-5355","contributorId":215888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Devin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Hung, Wei-Chia","contributorId":172937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hung","given":"Wei-Chia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27123,"text":"Green Environmental Engineering Consultant Co. LTD, Hsinchu, Taiwan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Kakar, Najeebullah","contributorId":246018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kakar","given":"Najeebullah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49405,"text":"Department of Geology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Sneed, Michelle 0000-0002-8180-382X micsneed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8180-382X","contributorId":155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sneed","given":"Michelle","email":"micsneed@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Tosi, Luigi","contributorId":246019,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tosi","given":"Luigi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49406,"text":"Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council, Padova, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Wang, Hanmei","contributorId":246020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Hanmei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49407,"text":"Shanghai Institute of Geological Survey, Shanghai, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Ye, Shujun","contributorId":203532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ye","given":"Shujun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36646,"text":"Dept. of Hydrosciences, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing P. R. China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70216431,"text":"70216431 - 2021 - Using seasonal rainfall clusters to explain the interannual variability of the rain belt over the Greater Horn of Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-17T15:53:58.478304","indexId":"70216431","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T07:12:21","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2032,"text":"International Journal of Climatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using seasonal rainfall clusters to explain the interannual variability of the rain belt over the Greater Horn of Africa","docAbstract":"The seasonal cycle of rainfall over the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA) is dominated by the latitudinal migration and activity of the tropical rain belt (TRB). The TRB exhibits high interannual variability in the GHA and the reasons for the recent dry period in the Long Rains (March–May) are poorly understood. In addition, few studies have addressed the rainfall fluctuations during the Msimu Rains (Dec.–Mar.) in the southern GHA region. Interannual variations of the seasonal cycle of the TRB between 1981 and 2018 were analysed using two statistical indices. The Rainfall Cluster Index (RCI) describes the seasonal cycle as a succession of six characteristic rainfall patterns, while the Seasonal Location Index (SLI) captures the latitudinal location of the TRB. The SLI and RCI depict the full seasonal cycle of the TRB supporting interpretations of the interannual variations and trends. The Msimu Rains are dominated by two clusters with opposite rainfall characteristics between the Congo Basin and Tanzania. The associated anomalies in moisture flux and divergence indicate variations in the location of the TRB originating from an interplay between low‐level air flows from the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and tropical and subtropical teleconnections. The peak period of the Long Rains shows a complex composition of five clusters, which is tightly connected to intraseasonal and interannual variability of latitudinal locations of the TRB. A persistent location of the TRB near the equator, evidenced in a frequent occurrence of a cluster related to an anomalously weak Walker circulation, is associated with wet conditions over East Africa. Dry Long Rains are associated with strong and frequent latitudinal variations of the TRB position with a late onset and intermittent rainfall. These results offer new opportunities to understand recent variability and trends in the GHA region.
Extreme climate events undoubtedly have essential impacts on ecosystem gross primary productivity (GPP), but the global spatio-temporal patterns of GPP responses to climate extremes are unclear. In this study, we analyzed the responses of GPP to temperature and precipitation extremes during historical (1901–2016) and future (2006–2100) periods using climate extreme indices (CEIs) developed by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices. Eight temperature-related CEIs and eight precipitation-related CEIs were used for this analysis, along with three future greenhouse gas concentration trajectory scenarios generated by the IPCC: RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5. Our results show that under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, most climate extremes are increasing from the historical period into the future, indicating a warming globe with more frequent and more intense extreme climate events. But the increasing rate is only persistently enhanced with time under scenario RCP 8.5. GPP shows a continuous negative relationship with cold CEIs and positive relationship with wet CEIs from the historical period into the future. In all zonal scales, the changed magnitude of GPP responds strongly to extreme value-related temperature extremes under different scenarios. However, the precipitation-related extremes with the strongest GPP response are various in different regions. In the future, GPP is most sensitive to temperature extremes in upper northern latitudes and in high-altitude regions (e.g., Qinghai-Tibet Plateau) and to precipitation extremes in the tropical zone. This study may provide a basis for predicting how GPP responds to climate extremes and explaining the underlying changes in the carbon cycle.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142337","usgsCitation":"Yuan, M., Zhu, Q., Zhang, J., Liu, J., Chen, H., Peng, C., Li, P., Li, M., Wang, M., and Zhao, P., 2021, Global response of terrestrial gross primary productivity to climate extremes: Science of the Total Environment, v. 750, 142337, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142337.","productDescription":"142337, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118579","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":417198,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Earth","volume":"750","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yuan, Minshu","contributorId":305515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yuan","given":"Minshu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":66236,"text":"Northwest A&F University, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhu, Qiuan","contributorId":197933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhu","given":"Qiuan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6613,"text":"Center of CEF/ESCER, Department of Biological Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6612,"text":"State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Jiang","contributorId":305516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jiang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":66236,"text":"Northwest A&F University, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Liu, Jinxun 0000-0003-0561-8988 jxliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-8988","contributorId":3414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Jinxun","email":"jxliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":873076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chen, Huai","contributorId":172942,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Huai","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27125,"text":"State Key Lab of Soil Erosion and Dryland Framing, NW A&F Unv, Yangling, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peng, Changhui","contributorId":197932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peng","given":"Changhui","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6612,"text":"State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6613,"text":"Center of CEF/ESCER, Department of Biological Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Li, Peng","contributorId":305517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Peng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":66237,"text":"College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Li, Mingxu","contributorId":305521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Mingxu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":66236,"text":"Northwest A&F University, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wang, Meng","contributorId":177297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Meng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6612,"text":"State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Zhao, Pengxiang","contributorId":305520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhao","given":"Pengxiang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":66241,"text":"College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70256757,"text":"70256757 - 2021 - Movement, recruitment, and abundance relationships of Prairie Chub: An endemic Great Plains cyprinid","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-15T11:08:23.453988","indexId":"70256757","displayToPublicDate":"2021-01-01T06:05:15","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Movement, recruitment, and abundance relationships of Prairie Chub: An endemic Great Plains cyprinid","docAbstract":"The Prairie Chub Macrhybopsis australis is a poorly studied endemic cyprinid of the upper Red River basin and is listed as threatened in Texas and of greatest conservation need in Oklahoma. Hypothesized mechanisms have been proposed to explain the decline of pelagic broadcast spawning minnows including disrupted spawning cues, reduced recruitment, degraded habitat complexity, and reduced water availability and connectivity. Our study objectives were to evaluate Prairie Chub movement, identify spawn timing, and estimate abundance of Prairie Chub at locations in the upper Red River basin. We assessed Prairie Chub movement using a mark-recapture experiment with multiple tag and recapture occasions during late spring through summer (i.e., May-August) of 2019 and 2020. We tagged 5,771 Prairie Chub during summers of 2019 and 2020 and recaptured 213 fish across both summers. We conducted recapture events at approximately 2-week intervals from late May to August of 2019 and 2020. Movement by Prairie Chub was consistently greater than expected under the restricted movement paradigm. The average expected movement distance of the stationary population component was 2 m in 2019 and 3 m in 2020, whereas the expected average movement distance for the mobile population component was 42 m in 2019 and 75 m in 2020. We found no evidence of upstream bias in adult Prairie Chub movement during our study. We processed otoliths for 2,017 age-0 Prairie Chub across 7 rivers and two spawning seasons (i.e., 2019 and 2020). The likelihood of spawning and frequency of observed hatches per spawning date were higher in 2019 compared to 2020. The probability of spawning increased with increasing scaled discharge and average temperature in both 2019 and 2020. Spawning was more likely to occur earlier in the sample season though substantial spatial and temporal variation in spawning success was evident among rivers. The number of successful hatches observed per spawning day was highest in the Pease and Red rivers and lowest in the Salt Fork and South Wichita rivers for both years. We conducted 104 abundance surveys in 2019 and 2020. Our abundance estimates were consistently lower in upstream reaches, higher in downstream reaches, and more variable in mid reaches. We found Prairie Chub abundance was related to several covariates, but abundance did not vary much between years. Overall, adult Prairie Chub abundance was higher in the eastern portion of their range and increased with increasing discharge and turbidity but decreased at higher water temperatures. Adult Prairie Chub abundance had a quadratic relationship with salinity where Prairie Chub density peaked at a salinity of 10 ppt and then declined by nearly 100% when salinities reached 20 ppt. Our juvenile Prairie Chub abundance model had similar but weaker relationships with covariates compared to the adults; however, juvenile abundance was higher in 2020 compared to 2019. Our results indicate conservation of Prairie Chub and ecologically similar species would benefit from maintaining broadly connected habitats (i.e., for movement and drift). We show substantial variation in spawning patterns among rivers that has important implications for developing conservation actions. If agencies are concerned about abundance of Prairie Chub, then management agencies may want to consider the strong relationship with salinity when desalinization projects are proposed. Considering how salinity may narrow the realized niche of Prairie Chub, agencies interested in Prairie Chub persistence may want to prevent large changes in salinity concentrations in the species’ remaining habitat.
Arsenic (As) is a toxic trace element with many sources, including hydrocarbons such as oil, natural gas, oil sands, and oil- and gas-bearing shales. Arsenic from these hydrocarbon sources can be released to the environment through human activities of hydrocarbon production, storage, transportation and use. In addition, accidental release of hydrocarbons to aquifers with naturally occurring (geogenic) As can induce mobilization of As to groundwater through biogeochemical reactions triggered by hydrocarbon biodegradation. In this paper, we review the occurrence of As in different hydrocarbons and the release of As from these sources into the environment. We also examine the occurrence of As in wastes from hydrocarbon production, including produced water and sludge. Last, we discuss the potential for As release related to waste management, including accidental or intentional releases, and recycling and reuse of these wastes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.125013","usgsCitation":"Schreiber, M., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2021, Arsenic release to the environment from hydrocarbon production, storage, transportation, use and waste management: Journal of Hazardous Materials, v. 411, 125013, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.125013.","productDescription":"125013, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121880","costCenters":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.125013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"411","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schreiber, Madeline","contributorId":248255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schreiber","given":"Madeline","affiliations":[{"id":49841,"text":"Virginia Tech, Department of Geosciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70217914,"text":"70217914 - 2021 - Oases: Finding hidden biodiversity gems in the southern Sonoran Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-11T20:15:05.615942","indexId":"70217914","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-31T14:13:46","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"18","title":"Oases: Finding hidden biodiversity gems in the southern Sonoran Desert","docAbstract":"In the arid southern Sonoran Desert, the rugged canyons of the Sierra El Aguaje contain numerous freshwater oases. These habitats are supported by small springs which are usually located along geologic faults in volcanic and granitic bedrock. Genetic evidence from freshwater-obligate species (e.g., fish and frogs) suggests these or similar spring-fed habitats have persisted for thousands to millions of years. Though biologists are just beginning to study these habitats, at least 210 species of aquatic invertebrates have been documented, along with several species of fishes, amphibians, and semi-aquatic reptiles. Additionally, euryhaline fishes occasionally colonize freshwater habitats when hurricane-induced floods connect oases with the sea. At least six new, potentially endemic, species of aquatic invertebrates have been found in recent years, but much work remains to be done to fully document the biota of these oases. Groundwater pumping, introductions of nonnative species, and unmanaged human recreation all threaten the biodiversity of these desert oases. We hope this chapter will draw attention to these beautiful habitats and promote conservation of their unique biota
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Standing between life and extinction: Ethics and ecology of conserving aquatic species in North American deserts","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.7208/chicago/9780226694504.001.0001","usgsCitation":"Bogan, M.T., Ballesteros-Cordova, C., Bennett, S., Darin, M.H., Findley, L.T., and Varela-Romero, A., 2021, Oases: Finding hidden biodiversity gems in the southern Sonoran Desert, chap. 18 of Standing between life and extinction: Ethics and ecology of conserving aquatic species in North American deserts, p. 272-284, https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226694504.001.0001.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"272","endPage":"284","ipdsId":"IP-088559","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383233,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico","state":"Sonora","otherGeospatial":"Southern Sonoran Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.423095703125,\n 29.621221113784504\n ],\n [\n -111.807861328125,\n 30.15462722077597\n ],\n [\n -112.91748046874999,\n 31.924192605327708\n ],\n [\n -114.85107421875,\n 32.48196313217176\n ],\n [\n -114.697265625,\n 31.74685416292141\n ],\n [\n -114.027099609375,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -113.917236328125,\n 31.644028945047822\n ],\n [\n -113.56567382812499,\n 31.400535326863935\n ],\n [\n -113.56567382812499,\n 31.297327991404266\n ],\n [\n -113.148193359375,\n 31.240985378021307\n ],\n [\n -113.02734374999999,\n 30.987027960280326\n ],\n [\n -113.126220703125,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -112.532958984375,\n 29.544787796199465\n ],\n [\n -112.35717773437499,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -112.423095703125,\n 29.621221113784504\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bogan, Michael T.","contributorId":248924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bogan","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":50057,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballesteros-Cordova, Carlos","contributorId":248925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballesteros-Cordova","given":"Carlos","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50058,"text":"Departamento de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora, México","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, S. 0000-0002-9772-4122","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-4122","contributorId":29230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":810160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Darin, Michael H.","contributorId":200333,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Darin","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":810161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Findley, Lloyd T.","contributorId":248926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Findley","given":"Lloyd","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":50059,"text":"Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Guaymas, Sonora, México","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Varela-Romero, Alejandro","contributorId":248927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varela-Romero","given":"Alejandro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50058,"text":"Departamento de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora, México","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70218218,"text":"70218218 - 2021 - River terrace evidence of tectonic processes in the eastern North American plate interior, South Anna River, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-10T16:22:26.132296","indexId":"70218218","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-31T14:03:12","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2309,"text":"Journal of Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"River terrace evidence of tectonic processes in the eastern North American plate interior, South Anna River, Virginia","docAbstract":"We show that long-recognized seismicity in the central Virginia seismic zone of the eastern North American intraplate setting arises primarily from tectonic processes predicted by new, fully coupled plate tectonic geodynamic models. The study leverages much new geophysical and geologic data following the 2011 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake that ruptured a steeply dipping, northwest-verging reverse fault traversed by the South Anna River. The data are primarily assembled from a flight of six fluvial terrace geomorphic markers identified and correlated on texture, relative weathering, and numeric ages including one terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) profile and 30 luminescence dates. Terrace thickness, stratigraphic age models, and incision rates downstream and upstream of the 2011 rupture are different. Long-term river incision rates of ∼25–30 m/My are superimposed on regional TCN-determined erosion rates of ∼8.5 m/My; however, there are at least 10 m of tectonically driven incision in the epicentral region at rates of ∼30–94 m/My. The inferred deformation resembles a hanging wall anticline above a blind reverse fault with a diffuse overlying carapace of minor brittle faults, an interpretation supported by seismology as well as bedrock and saprolite mapped across the epicentral region. These results are further supported by channel metrics that show nonuniform channel steepness (ksn) and a predicted steady-state channel elevation different from the actual channel elevation across the epicentral region. If all of the observed deformation is a consequence of the fault that ruptured in 2011, the recurrence interval of Mineral-sized events would be ∼5.5 ky.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/712636","usgsCitation":"Pazzaglia, F.J., Malenda, H.F., McGavick, M.L., Raup, C., Carter, M.W., Berti, C., Mahan, S.A., Nelson, M., Rittenour, T.M., Counts, R., Willenbring, J.K., Germanoski, D., Peters, S.C., and Holt, W.D., 2021, River terrace evidence of tectonic processes in the eastern North American plate interior, South Anna River, Virginia: Journal of Geology, v. 129, no. 5, p. 595-624, https://doi.org/10.1086/712636.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"595","endPage":"624","ipdsId":"IP-116434","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":383393,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"South Anna River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.486328125,\n 37.52715361723378\n ],\n [\n -76.92626953125,\n 37.52715361723378\n ],\n [\n -76.92626953125,\n 38.63618191259742\n ],\n [\n -78.486328125,\n 38.63618191259742\n ],\n [\n -78.486328125,\n 37.52715361723378\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"129","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pazzaglia, Frank J.","contributorId":214045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pazzaglia","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16160,"text":"Lehigh University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malenda, Helen F. 0000-0003-4143-6460","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4143-6460","contributorId":211885,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malenda","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":38341,"text":"Colorodo School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":810450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGavick, Matthew L.","contributorId":251735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGavick","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16160,"text":"Lehigh University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Raup, Cody","contributorId":251736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raup","given":"Cody","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16160,"text":"Lehigh University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carter, Mark W. 0000-0003-0460-7638 mcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0460-7638","contributorId":4808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Mark","email":"mcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Berti, Claudio","contributorId":145598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berti","given":"Claudio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16160,"text":"Lehigh University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nelson, Michelle S.","contributorId":140753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Michelle S.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rittenour, Tammy M.","contributorId":140755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rittenour","given":"Tammy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Counts, Ron 0000-0002-8426-1990","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8426-1990","contributorId":222105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Counts","given":"Ron","affiliations":[{"id":36508,"text":"University of Mississippi","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Willenbring, Jane K","contributorId":191115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Willenbring","given":"Jane","email":"","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":810459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Germanoski, Dru","contributorId":251743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Germanoski","given":"Dru","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50388,"text":"Lafayette University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Peters, Stephen C.","contributorId":149324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16160,"text":"Lehigh University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Holt, William D.","contributorId":251741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holt","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36488,"text":"Stony Brook University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70217370,"text":"70217370 - 2021 - Atmospheric processing of iron-bearing mineral dust aerosol and its effect on growth of a marine diatom, Cyclotella meneghiniana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-20T14:13:43.675458","indexId":"70217370","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-31T08:08:06","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atmospheric processing of iron-bearing mineral dust aerosol and its effect on growth of a marine diatom, Cyclotella meneghiniana","docAbstract":"Iron (Fe) is a growth-limiting micronutrient for phytoplankton in major areas of oceans and deposited wind-blown desert dust is a primary Fe source to these regions. Simulated atmospheric processing of four mineral dust proxies and two natural dust samples followed by subsequent growth studies of the marine planktic diatom Cyclotella meneghiniana in artificial sea-water (ASW) demonstrated higher growth response to ilmenite (FeTiO3) and hematite (α-Fe2O3) mixed with TiO2 than hematite alone. The processed dust treatment enhanced diatom growth owing to dissolved Fe (DFe) content. The fresh dust-treated cultures demonstrated growth enhancements without adding such dissolved Fe. These significant growth enhancements and dissolved Fe measurements indicated that diatoms acquire Fe from solid particles. When diatoms were physically separated from mineral dust particles, the growth responses become smaller. The post-mineralogy analysis of mineral dust proxies added to ASW showed a diatom-induced increased formation of goethite, where the amount of goethite formed correlated with observed enhanced growth. The current work suggests that ocean primary productivity may not only depend on dissolved Fe but also on suspended solid Fe particles and their mineralogy. Further, the diatom C. meneghiniana benefits more from mineral dust particles in direct contact with cells than from physically impeded particles, suggesting the possibility for alternate Fe-acquisition mechanism/s.
Global loss of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) and associated ecosystem function has prompted an interest in SAV revegetation, particularly where underlying stressors such as nutrient enrichment are mitigated, yet natural recruitment remains low. Typically, SAV is hand-planted, but alternative reliable and practically scalable SAV planting techniques are needed. In mesocosms, we evaluated five planting techniques: 1) hand planting, anchoring using 2) fishing weights and 3) plaster blocks, and sediment-added methods using 4) peat pots and 5) burlap-wraps (“burritos”). Anchoring and sediment-added techniques were also field evaluated at four locations within a single lake. In mesocosms, all techniques effectively established two common North American SAV species, Vallisneria americana and Potamogeton illinoensis. Sediment-added techniques had species-specific benefits, e.g. burritos produced taller Vallisneria leaves, and greater Potamogeton biomass, while peat pots encouraged rapid Vallisneria shoot production. However, no treatment was universally beneficial across all growth metrics. In the field, all techniques were effective at two sites, but at two other sites, no techniques were successful. Results show that under favorable mesocosm and field conditions, all techniques promote establishment; however, subtle differences in technique-driven plant traits (height, density, nutrients) suggest that under specific environmental conditions, some techniques may be more favorable. Also, no technique offers practical advantages in every scenario, but each offers situation-specific advantages. Guidance emerging from this work is that all techniques are potentially effective, but small-scale tests in site-specific restoration scenarios, along with consideration of feasibility constraints, are recommended to inform large-scale plantings.
Globally, evaluation of population trends is the most pressing research need for many species of conservation concern. Road counts for birds of prey are useful for monitoring long‐term population trends and examining year‐to‐year variations in abundance. We examined data from 2155 road surveys conducted from 2001 to 2018 by community scientists who recorded > 85 000 individuals of 14 species of raptors while participating in the Pennsylvania Winter Raptor Survey, in Pennsylvania, USA. We estimated abundance and population growth rates while accounting for observation error by using dynamic Bayesian state‐space models. Model estimates indicated that counts of wintering Bald Eagles Haliaeetus leucocephalus, Red‐shouldered Hawks Buteo lineatus and Black Vulture Coragyps atratus increased over the course of the study. Counts of Rough‐legged Buzzard Buteo lagopus, Red‐tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis, Northern Harrier Circus hudsonius, Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura and American Kestrel Falco sparverius varied more (CV > 5.0) over the duration of the study than other species did. Higher winter temperatures were associated with increases in counts of species whose local populations are partially migratory (American Kestrel and Red‐tailed Hawk), and with lower counts of a long‐distance arctic migrant – Rough‐legged Buzzard. Counts of these species were therefore correlated such that more American Kestrels and Red‐tailed Hawks were counted during years when Rough‐legged Buzzards were less frequently seen. Generally, the number of individuals counted declined as survey speed increased. A general rule for road counts therefore seems to be ‘slower is better’, consistent with past recommendations that observers travel at a speed < 40 km/h during road counts. Our study highlights the utility of road surveys and advances analytical approaches to monitor raptors.
Although the round goby Neogobius melanostomus has become established throughout the Laurentian Great Lakes, a multi-model inference (MMI) approach toward characterizing round goby growth in the Laurentian Great Lakes has yet to applied using otolith-derived data. Further, spatial variation in round goby growth among lakes has yet to be investigated. For each sex, growth of round gobies at three locations of Lake Michigan and four locations of Lake Huron was investigated using MMI, based on information theory, with three candidate growth models. These three growth models included the von Bertalanffy model, the Gompertz model, and the logistic model. The von Bertalanffy model was most often selected (13 out of 14 cases) as the ‘best’ model among all candidate models, followed by the logistic model. None of the best models were strongly supported as a ‘clear winner’. At least one additional model was supported by the data in each of the 14 cases, indicating that there is a substantial degree of uncertainty in model selection. When model selection uncertainty was ignored, standard errors of growth parameters were underestimated in 8 of the 14 cases. Overall, round gobies in Lake Michigan attained larger sizes at age and grew faster than in Lake Huron. Based on multi-model inference, our study provided a robust assessment of round goby growth, which will be essential in better managing sport fisheries in both lakes.
There is a need for benchmarking and validating simulated ground motions in order for them to be utilized by the engineering community. Such validation may be geared towards a specific ground motion simulation method, a target engineering application, and a specific location; the validation presented herein focuses on a bridge engineering application in southern California. Catalogs of simulated ground motions representing a 200,000-year forecast are selected from the Southern California Earthquake Center CyberShake version 15.12 database for five sites in Southern California (~20,000 unscaled ground motions per site). They are used in Non-Linear Time History Analysis (NLTHA) of four Ordinary Standard Bridge structures. For each site, these data are used to obtain simulation-based Engineering Demand Parameter (EDP) hazard curves. These are compared against EDP hazard curves that are constructed using conventional methods based on empirical models, i.e., using recorded ground motions through Incremental Dynamic Analysis and integration over the Intensity Measure (IM) hazard curve. The two sets of simulation-based and conventional EDP hazard curves are compared at various return periods. To further account for the differences between simulated and recorded ground motions, direct comparisons are also made between IM hazard curves for simulated and recorded catalogs, as well as the EDP versus IM data obtained from NLTHA of the bridges. We observe that CyberShake simulates motions that yield similar EDP values compared to empirical data for shorter return periods. For longer return periods, however, EDPs from the simulation-based analysis tend to be lower than the EDPs obtained from utilizing recorded ground motions for short-period bridges, while the opposite is the case for long-period bridges. It is recommended that validation efforts go beyond IM levels and also include comparisons of the relations between IMs and EDPs. Finally, site-specific relations are proposed that correlate the ratio between the two types of EDPs (simulation-based and conventional) with the hazard level, shallow site condition, and site basin depth.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106533","usgsCitation":"Fayaz, J., Rezaeian, S., and Zareian, F., 2021, Evaluation of simulated ground motions using probabilistic seismic demand analysis: CyberShake (ver. 15.12) simulations for Ordinary Standard Bridges: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Journal, v. 141, 106533,12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106533.","productDescription":"106533,12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124793","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/24h5p4cj","text":"External Repository"},{"id":381938,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"141","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fayaz, Jawad","contributorId":217356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fayaz","given":"Jawad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34134,"text":"UC Irvine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rezaeian, Sanaz 0000-0001-7589-7893 srezaeian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-7893","contributorId":4395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rezaeian","given":"Sanaz","email":"srezaeian@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zareian, Farzin","contributorId":152544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zareian","given":"Farzin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6641,"text":"University of California at Merced","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70217202,"text":"70217202 - 2021 - Correcting the historical record for Kīlauea Volcano's 1832, 1868, and 1877 summit eruptions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-13T13:02:23.49683","indexId":"70217202","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-30T07:00:39","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correcting the historical record for Kīlauea Volcano's 1832, 1868, and 1877 summit eruptions","docAbstract":"Three fissure eruptions are known to have occurred along the northeastern edge of Kīlauea's summit caldera in the 19th century—in the years 1832, 1868, and 1877. Modern portrayal of these eruptions on maps and in written sources indicates that the 1832 eruption was from a fissure on the side of the Poliokeawe scarp south of Byron Ledge, the 1868 eruption was from a fissure on the southern wall of Kīlauea Iki Crater and fed a lava flow that covered the bottom of that crater, and the eruption in 1877 occurred on the floor of Keanakākoʻi Crater, as well as from a fissure of uncertain location on the east wall of the caldera below Byron Ledge. New geologic mapping and a review of historical documents and maps contradict these views. We find, instead, that: (1) the 1832 eruption discharged from a fissure on Byron Ledge (not Poliokeawe scarp), from another fissure on the southwestern wall of Kīlauea Iki Crater, and from at least one fissure along the east side of Kīlauea caldera below Byron Ledge; (2) the 1868 lava erupted through the floor of Kīlauea Iki Crater, not from a fissure in its southwestern wall; and (3) the 1877 lava erupted from Kīlauea Iki Crater's mid-wall fissure (until now believed to have opened in 1868), from the fissure previously assigned an 1832 date on Poliokeawe escarpment, and from a precisely relocated vent on the northeastern wall of the caldera. Finally, no conclusive first-hand accounts of the late 19th century eruption in Keanakākoʻi Crater were identified, leaving in doubt the often-inferred 1877 date for this event. Possible alternative dates include 1868, 1879, and 1881.
Mangroves have long been associated with human populations, as coastal communities rely on the various ecosystem services that mangroves provide. However, human degradation and destruction of mangrove forests is common, despite and because of our reliance on them as valuable ecosystems. Mangrove research and management must elucidate and reconcile these conflicts to maintain mangrove forests and the services that humans depend on. To better understand the complex dynamics, interactions and relationships that exist between mangroves and coastal communities, the 5th Mangrove Macrobenthos and Management (MMM5) conference was held in Singapore in July 2019, with the theme “Mangroves and People: Impacts and Interactions”. This theme was chosen because Southeast Asia is the epicentre of ongoing mangrove loss, and a large number of coastal communities in the region rely on the ecosystem services that mangroves provide. The 32 papers published in this Special Issue represent the breadth of mangrove research presented at MMM5, including topics in faunal biology, ecosystem ecology, genetics, physical geography, biogeochemistry, remote sensing and the social sciences. The articles are characterized under the following topics: 1) mangrove ecosystem functioning; 2) range expansion of mangroves; 3) ecosystem services of mangroves; 4) anthropogenic and natural threats to mangroves; and 5) the management and social-ecology of mangroves. This Special Issue highlights the current state of the art of mangrove research and application, and describes a number of emerging new ideas and research opportunities that will continue to advance mangrove ecosystem science into the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2020.107155","usgsCitation":"Freiss, D.A., Chua, S.C., Jaafer, Z., Krauss, K., and Yando, E.S., 2021, Mangroves and people: Impacts and interactions: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 248, 107155, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2020.107155.","productDescription":"107155, 4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118701","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":453985,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2020.107155","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382539,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"248","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freiss, Daniel A","contributorId":240767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freiss","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":25407,"text":"Department of Geography, National University of Singapore","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chua, Siew Chin","contributorId":224703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chua","given":"Siew","email":"","middleInitial":"Chin","affiliations":[{"id":40915,"text":"Ridge View Residential College, National University of Singapore","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jaafer, Zeehan","contributorId":224705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaafer","given":"Zeehan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40917,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krauss, Ken 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":219804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yando, Erik S.","contributorId":127788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yando","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7155,"text":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70224301,"text":"70224301 - 2021 - Forest responses to last-millennium hydroclimate variability are governed by spatial variations in ecosystem sensitivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-21T13:09:26.397406","indexId":"70224301","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-29T08:04:13","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forest responses to last-millennium hydroclimate variability are governed by spatial variations in ecosystem sensitivity","docAbstract":"Forecasts of future forest change are governed by ecosystem sensitivity to climate change, but ecosystem model projections are under-constrained by data at multidecadal and longer timescales. Here, we quantify ecosystem sensitivity to centennial-scale hydroclimate variability, by comparing dendroclimatic and pollen-inferred reconstructions of drought, forest composition and biomass for the last millennium with five ecosystem model simulations. In both observations and models, spatial patterns in ecosystem responses to hydroclimate variability are strongly governed by ecosystem sensitivity rather than climate exposure. Ecosystem sensitivity was higher in models than observations and highest in simpler models. Model-data comparisons suggest that interactions among biodiversity, demography and ecophysiology processes dampen the sensitivity of forest composition and biomass to climate variability and change. Integrating ecosystem models with observations from timescales extending beyond the instrumental record can better understand and forecast the mechanisms regulating forest sensitivity to climate variability in a complex and changing world.