The United States produced in 1980 about 54 million tons of phosphate rock, which was 40 percent of the world production. About 62 percent of this production was exported, 28 percent as phosphate rock and 34 percent is manufactured fertilizers and chemicals. The remainder was used domestically, largely (88 percent) for fertilizer and animal feed supplement to produce agricultural products (U.S. Bureau of Mines, 1981). A significant portion of these agricultural products was exported, so the phosphate rock that went into that portion was exported indirectly. Thus, most phosphate production is exported directly or indirectly and contributes to the U.S. balance of international payments. Although the marketable value of the phosphate rock produced in 1980 was only about $1.2 billion, the total value of the agricultural and chemical products depending on phosphate rock input is many times that. The continued ability of the U.S. phosphate industry to supply low-cost phosphate rock for export and domestic consumption is clearly of major importance to the Nation.
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In the Beluga coal area, mean annual discharge is estimated to range from 2.2 to 3.4 cubic feet per second per square mile of drainage area. The 7-day low flow having a 10-year recurrence interval is estimated to be 0.3 to 0.6 cubic feet per second per square mile. The dilute surface waters are a calcium bicarbonate type, have low concentrations of nutrients, and at times may contain dissolved iron and manganese in concentrations in excess of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recommended limits. The pooled diversity index of the benthic invertebrate community ranges from 2.93 to 4.06. No ground-water wells have been drilled in the potential mining areas.
Water quality of streams in the Peters Creek coal area is similar to that of streams in the Beluga coal area. No attempt is made to define streamflow characteristics in the Peters Creek coal area due to poor correlations with nearby gaging stations.
In the Healy coal area, streamflow characteristics of the two major basins studied are dissimilar. Lignite Creek is estimated to have less yield than Healy Creek. Studied tributaries of Healy and Lignite Creeks have a dissolved-solids range of 111 to 636 milligrams per liter and have calcium and bicarbonate or magnesium and bicarbonate as principal ions. Iron and manganese concentrations are high at some times of the year. The concentrations of sodium and chloride increase significantly in the lower reaches of Lignite Creek.
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