{"pageNumber":"5429","pageRowStart":"135700","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165623,"records":[{"id":70156631,"text":"70156631 - 1976 - Confidence limits for flood-frequency curves computed from samples from Pearson type III populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T12:19:28","indexId":"70156631","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-26T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Confidence limits for flood-frequency curves computed from samples from Pearson type III populations","docAbstract":"<p>A study of <i>T</i>-year events computed from samples drawn from Pearson type III populations of known skew indicates that for skew coefficients between -1.0 and 1.0, confidence limits can be derived from the confidence limits computed for frequency curves based on samples from normal distributions. For samples from populations with skew coefficients between -0.5 and 0.5, the ratios of the standard deviates of the confidence limits to the standard deviates of the underlying frequency curve are approximately the same as for samples from normal distributions. A table provides adjustments required to make the ratios for normal distributions more applicable to distributions with skews in the range -1.0 to 1.0.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Hardison, C.H., 1976, Confidence limits for flood-frequency curves computed from samples from Pearson type III populations: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 5, p. 545-547.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"545","endPage":"547","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307406,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307405,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91afe4b0518e354dd143","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hardison, Clayton H.","contributorId":46073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardison","given":"Clayton","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70156633,"text":"70156633 - 1976 - Volcanic rocks of the eastern and northern parts of the San Francisco volcanic field, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T12:54:12","indexId":"70156633","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-26T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanic rocks of the eastern and northern parts of the San Francisco volcanic field, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The eastern and northern parts of the San Francisco volcanic field, between San Francisco Mountain and the Little Colorado River, contain about 175 cinder cones, many with one or more associated lava flows, and one center of silicic volcanism, O'Leary Peak. Basaltic flows and cones are divided into five groups, primarily on the bases of stratigraphic and physiographic relations, degree of weathering and erosion, K-Ar and tree-ring age determinations, and, in part, chemical and petrographic data:</p>\n<div>Basaltic rocks of Sunset age --------&nbsp; A.D. 1064-1065 Holocene.</div>\n<div>Basaltic rocks of Merriam age -----&nbsp; &lt;100,100 years &nbsp;&nbsp;Pleistocene.</div>\n<div>Basaltic rocks of Tappan age -------&nbsp; 0.2-0.7 m.y. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Do.</div>\n<div>Basaltic rocks of Woodhouse age --- 0.8-3.0 m.y.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pliocene and</div>\n<div>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Pleistocene.</div>\n<div>Basalt of Cedar Ranch --------------- 5.5 m.y. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Pliocene.</div>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<p>The flows and cones are predominantly alkali olivine basalt, commonly nepheline normative, and characterized by a single Ca-rich pyroxene phase and the absence of the olivine-pyroxene reaction relation. By depletion in olivine and pyroxene these basalts grade into alkali-rich high-alumina basalts; the most silicic of which contain both Ca-rich and Ca-poor pyroxene but show no olivine reaction. By relative enrichment in K<sub>2</sub>O and SiO<sub>2</sub>, alkali olivine basalts grade into intersertal basaltic andesites that contain, in addition to olivine, two pyroxene phases and minor primary cristobalite. Volcanic rocks of O'Leary Peak consist largely of rhyodacite domes, flows, and minor pyroclastic deposits. An andesite flow underlies the rhyodacites and andesitic cinders mantle the rhyodacite porphyry dome that forms O'Leary Peak. This dome, 0.23&plusmn;0.04 m.y. old, is both underlain and overlain by Tappan-age basaltic rocks. Variation diagrams that include data from the dominantly andesitic to rhyolitic San Francisco Mountain as well as from the mapped area show the differentiated and consanguineous character of the lavas, which are chemically intermediate between typical calc-alkalic and alkalic suites. Sr<sup>87</sup>/Sr<sup>86</sup> ratios of 0.7026 to 0.7050 suggest a mantle origin with little contamination by upper crustal material. Ultramafic and mafic xenoliths with cumulus texture may represent crustal intrusions related to the volcanic rocks. Eruption of intermediate to silicic magmas was generally localized in a few centers such as San Francisco Mountain and O'Leary Peak. In the same general time interval, basaltic eruptions dominated in the surrounding areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Moore, R.B., Wolfe, E.W., and Ulrich, G.E., 1976, Volcanic rocks of the eastern and northern parts of the San Francisco volcanic field, Arizona: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 5, p. 549-560.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"549","endPage":"560","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307412,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Mountain, Little Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -115,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -109,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -109,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -115,\n              34\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91c0e4b0518e354dd1d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Richard B. rmoore@usgs.gov","contributorId":1464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Richard","email":"rmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":569743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolfe, Edward W.","contributorId":79878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ulrich, George E.","contributorId":23550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulrich","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156660,"text":"70156660 - 1976 - Pre-Eocene rocks of Java, Indonesia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T14:55:52","indexId":"70156660","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-26T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pre-Eocene rocks of Java, Indonesia","docAbstract":"<p>The exposed pre-Eocene rocks of Java can be divided into two compound units for purposes of reconnaissance mapping and structural interpretation: a sedimentary sequence and melange. The sedimentary sequence consists of moderately deformed and little-metamorphosed conglomerate, sandstone, mudstone, claystone, chert, and limestone. The melange consists of a chaotic mechanical mixture of rocks identical to those of the sedimentary sequence and their metamorphic equivalents, such as schist, phyllite, quartzite, and marble. In addition, it contains a large proportion of quartz porphyry and smaller amounts of granite, basalt, gabbro, peridotite, pyroxenite, and serpentinite. The sedimentary sequence is at least partly of Early Cretaceous age and the melange is of Early Cretaceous to very early Paleocene age. They are overlain unconformably by Eocene rocks. The presence in the melange of blocks of quartz porphyry and granite is not easily reconcilable with current plate tectonic concepts in which the sites of formation of melange and plutonic rocks should be hundreds of kilometres apart.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Ketner, K.B., , K., Modjo, S., Naeser, C.W., Obradovich, J.D., Robinson, K., Suptandar, T., and , W., 1976, Pre-Eocene rocks of Java, Indonesia: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 5, p. 605-614.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"605","endPage":"614","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307447,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307444,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"Indonesia","otherGeospatial":"Java","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              106.962890625,\n              -8.49410453755187\n            ],\n            [\n              106.962890625,\n              -6.0968598188879355\n            ],\n            [\n              112.69775390625,\n              -6.0968598188879355\n            ],\n            [\n              112.69775390625,\n              -8.49410453755187\n            ],\n            [\n              106.962890625,\n              -8.49410453755187\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91bde4b0518e354dd1aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ketner, Keith B.","contributorId":957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketner","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":569841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":" Kastowo","contributorId":147008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"given":"Kastowo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Modjo, Subroto","contributorId":147009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Modjo","given":"Subroto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Naeser, C. W.","contributorId":17582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"C.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Obradovich, J. D.","contributorId":48966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obradovich","given":"J.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robinson, Keith","contributorId":80277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Keith","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Suptandar, Tatan","contributorId":147010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suptandar","given":"Tatan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":" Wikarno","contributorId":147011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"given":"Wikarno","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70156638,"text":"70156638 - 1976 - Prehnite in plutonic and metamorphic rocks of the northern Santa Lucia Range, Salinian block, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T13:10:30","indexId":"70156638","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-26T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prehnite in plutonic and metamorphic rocks of the northern Santa Lucia Range, Salinian block, California","docAbstract":"<p>Prehnite is abundant as monomineralic veins, as lenses in biotite, and as discrete patches and apparent primary crystals in both plutonic and metamorphic rocks along the west edge of the Salinian block in the northern Santa Lucia Range. The prehnite appears to be concentrated near the Sur fault zone but is very rare in Franciscan rocks west of the fault zone. The prehnite does not appear to have been derived by local alteration of minerals in the country rocks (either plutonic or metamorphic). I suggest that solutions, derived from a \"substratum\" (possibly Franciscan graywacke) beneath the tectonically thinned west margin of the Salinian block, migrated through the fractured rocks of the Salinian block near the Sur fault zone and that the chemical and physical nature of these rocks favored selective prehnite deposition.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Ross, D.C., 1976, Prehnite in plutonic and metamorphic rocks of the northern Santa Lucia Range, Salinian block, California: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 5, p. 561-568.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"561","endPage":"568","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307414,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Lucia Range","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122,\n              36\n            ],\n            [\n              -122,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -121,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -121,\n              36\n            ],\n            [\n              -122,\n              36\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91bde4b0518e354dd1ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Donald C.","contributorId":146987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70156641,"text":"70156641 - 1976 - Bulk chemical analyses of petrographic thin sections of rocks of the Samli area, western Turkey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T13:24:13","indexId":"70156641","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-26T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bulk chemical analyses of petrographic thin sections of rocks of the Samli area, western Turkey","docAbstract":"<p>Petrographic thin sections have been analyzed for their major-element composition using a fusion-dilution technique and measuring the intensity of X-rays by means of the electron microprobe. The balsam-mounted thin sections were removed from the glass slides by soaking them in methylene chloride. The freed sections were mixed with twice their weight of Li<sub>2</sub>B<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, and fused at 1100&deg; C. A fragment of the resulting glasslike bead was mounted for probe analysis. Both wavelength and energy-dispersive detector systems were used for quantitative determinations of elements sodium through iron. Because the samples and standards are diluted and fused, powdered rock standards may be used as reference materials. The calibration curves obtained by plotting X-ray intensity versus concentration of the analyte are linear over the concentration ranges used in this work and have an overall range of error of 2 to 8 percent. Although some of the analytical values show excessive scatter for petrographically similar rocks, in general the analyses are acceptable given the sample size and analytical uncertainties. Bulk chemical analyses were made of 18 thin sections, including altered diabase, amphibolite, and calc-silicate hornfels produced by progressive contact metamorphism and associated with metasomatic magnetite deposits in the Samli area, western Turkey. Normative plots indicate that (1) diabase and amphibolite are compositionally related and are similar to average compositions of basalts and orthoamphibolites, and (2) calc-silicate hornfels appears to have been derived in part from amphibolite and in part from crystalline limestone that underlies much of the region.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Lindsay, J.R., and Leo, G.W., 1976, Bulk chemical analyses of petrographic thin sections of rocks of the Samli area, western Turkey: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 5, p. 569-574.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"569","endPage":"574","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307418,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307417,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"Turkey","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              26,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              26,\n              42\n            ],\n            [\n              30,\n              42\n            ],\n            [\n              30,\n              39\n            ],\n            [\n              26,\n              39\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91aee4b0518e354dd132","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsay, James R.","contributorId":19714,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsay","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leo, Gerhard W.","contributorId":26307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leo","given":"Gerhard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156629,"text":"70156629 - 1976 - Field verification of method for distributing flow through multiple-bridge openings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T12:14:51","indexId":"70156629","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-26T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field verification of method for distributing flow through multiple-bridge openings","docAbstract":"<p>Field data collected at three sites in Louisiana having multiple-bridge openings were used to check a method of distribution of flow through two or more bridges. Actual peak discharges in the various main and overflow bridges ranged from 878 to 11,055 cubic feet per second (24.9 to 313 m<sup>2</sup>/s). The error of the computed discharge to the actual discharge ranged between -20 and +6 percent, with the exception of one opening that had an error of +101 percent.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Lee, F.N., 1976, Field verification of method for distributing flow through multiple-bridge openings: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 5, p. 539-543.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"539","endPage":"543","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307402,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Castor Creek, Bayou de Loutre, Sixmile Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.3,\n              32\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.3,\n              32.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.1,\n              32.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.1,\n              32\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.3,\n              32\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.44,\n              32.77\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.44,\n              32.85\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.37,\n              32.85\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.37,\n              32.77\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.44,\n              32.77\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.14,\n              30.82\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.14,\n              30.87\n            ],\n            [\n              -93,\n              30.87\n            ],\n            [\n              -93,\n              30.82\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.14,\n              30.82\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91b2e4b0518e354dd163","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Fred N.","contributorId":101282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70156656,"text":"70156656 - 1976 - The aeromagnetic expression of bedrock geology between the Clinton-Newbury and Bloody Bluff fault zones, northeastern Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T14:38:08","indexId":"70156656","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-26T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The aeromagnetic expression of bedrock geology between the Clinton-Newbury and Bloody Bluff fault zones, northeastern Massachusetts","docAbstract":"<p>The pattern of mapped bedrock geology in northeastern Massachusetts bears a striking similarity to patterns of aeromagnetic anomalies in the area. The correspondence of the geology with the anomaly pattern and lineaments on aeromagnetic maps is especially well shown northwest of Boston between the Clinton-Newbury and Bloody Bluff fault zones. Here, an aluminous schist unit and an underlying series of metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks south of the Clinton-Newbury fault zone coincide with a zone of northeast-trending positive anomalies that contrast with the broad magnetic low north of the fault. Nearly concordant granitic bodies intrude the metamorphic series and correspond to broad magnetic lows between the fault zones. Smaller narrower lows correspond to zones of amphibolite-carbonate rock. Commonly faults are indicated by lineaments that separate areas of different magnetic pattern and that offset or terminate other lineaments. The northeast-trending Spencer Brook and Assabet River fault zones and other unnamed faults are emphasized by magnetic lineaments trending slightly east of the strike of the stratigraphy.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Alvord, D., Bell, K., Pease, M.H., and Barosh, P.J., 1976, The aeromagnetic expression of bedrock geology between the Clinton-Newbury and Bloody Bluff fault zones, northeastern Massachusetts: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 5, p. 601-604.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"601","endPage":"604","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307441,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":307442,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.8,\n              42\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.8,\n              42.7\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.2,\n              42.7\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.2,\n              42\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.8,\n              42\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91c0e4b0518e354dd1cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alvord, Donald C.","contributorId":147001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvord","given":"Donald C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bell, Kenneth G.","contributorId":42490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"Kenneth G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pease, Maurice H. Jr.","contributorId":147002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pease","given":"Maurice","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barosh, Patrick J.","contributorId":147003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barosh","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70156622,"text":"70156622 - 1976 - Fresh ground water found deep beneath Nantucket Island, Masachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-05T12:13:17","indexId":"70156622","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-26T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fresh ground water found deep beneath Nantucket Island, Masachusetts","docAbstract":"<p>In a deep water-resources and stratigraphic test well near the center of Nantucket Island, about 30 miles (48 kilometres) off the New England coast, freshwater has been found at greater depths than predicted by the Ghyben-Herzberg principle. An uppermost lens of freshwater, which occupies relatively permeable glacial-outwash sand and gravel to a depth of 520 feet (158 metres), is believed to be in hydrodynamic equilibrium with the present level of the sea and the height of the water table. However, two zones of freshwater at 730 to 820 ft (222-249 m) and 900 to 930 ft (274-283 m) are anomalously deep. Although several explanations are possible, the most likely is that the entire surface of the Continental Shelf was exposed to recharge by precipitation during long periods of low sea level in Pleistocene time. After the last retreat of glacial ice, seawater rapidly drowned the shelf around Nantucket Island. Since then, about 8,000 years ago, the deep freshwater zones which underlie dense clay layers have not had time to adjust to a new equilibrium. Under similar circumstances, freshwater may remain trapped under extensive areas of the Continental Shelf wherever clay confining beds have not permitted saltwater to intrude rapidly to new hydrodynamic equilibria positions. The implications are far reaching because all continental shelves worldwide were exposed to similar hydrologic influences during Pleistocene time.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Kohout, F., Walker, E., Bothner, M., and Hathaway, J., 1976, Fresh ground water found deep beneath Nantucket Island, Masachusetts: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 5, p. 511-515.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"511","endPage":"515","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307391,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307390,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue5/report.pdf#page=11","size":"29.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Nantucket Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.2,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.2,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.5,\n              43\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.5,\n              41\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.2,\n              41\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91b4e4b0518e354dd16d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kohout, F. A.","contributorId":103979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kohout","given":"F. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walker, E.H.","contributorId":104088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":569700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hathaway, J.C.","contributorId":94280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hathaway","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70156663,"text":"70156663 - 1976 - Sedimentary depositional environments of uranium and petroleum host rocks of the Jackson Group, south Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T15:16:20","indexId":"70156663","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-26T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentary depositional environments of uranium and petroleum host rocks of the Jackson Group, south Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Determination of depositional environments in rocks of the Jackson Group of late Eocene age aids in the exploration for uranium and petroleum in south Texas. During deposition of the Jackson Group, conditions were similar to those existing along the modern Gulf Coast of Texas except for a less arid climate and a greater supply of volcanic sediment. Sedimentary depositional environments recognized in both the modern coast and the Jackson rocks, in order from sea toward land, are: shoreface, beach, lagoon and bay, and paludal. Sediment deposited in these environments in places is interbedded with or transected by fluvial sediment. Both uranium and petroleum are found in the shoreface, beach, and fluvial facies. These facies are characterized by permeable well-sorted sandstone, which is commonly overlain and underlain by less permeable mudstone. A typical vertical sequence in ascending order through a unit containing a beach sandstone facies is (1) lagoonal or paludal clay stone and siltstone, (2) crossbedded fine-grained beach sandstone which contains <i>Ophiomorpha</i> burrows and, which, in places, is locally interbedded with lacustrine or lagoonal mudstone, (3) weakly laminated beach sandstone which contains root impressions at the top and <i>Ophiomorpha</i>, and (4) lagoonal or paludal claystone and siltstone. Gulfward, the beach sandstone apparently grades into highly burrowed, generally finer grained, more poorly sorted, less porous shoreface rocks. The beach facies may include barrier island beaches and mainland beaches, some of which were probably cheniers. Beach facies sandstone units extend many miles along the depositional strike, which nearly parallels the present outcrop strike, but extend only a mile or two (2-3 km) normal to the depositional strike into the subsurface. Recognition of the various facies in outcrops and drill holes is necessary for determination of true stratigraphic relations and for aid in exploration for beach and fluvial sandstone favorable for uranium and petroleum accumulations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Dickinson, K.A., 1976, Sedimentary depositional environments of uranium and petroleum host rocks of the Jackson Group, south Texas: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 5, p. 615-629.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"629","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307453,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Karnes County, McMullen County, Duval County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -100,\n              31.541089879585808\n            ],\n            [\n              -94,\n              31.541089879585808\n            ],\n            [\n              -94,\n              29.649868677972304\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.482421875,\n              29.401319510041485\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.361328125,\n              28.844673680771795\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.240234375,\n              28.478348692223165\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.65771484375,\n              28.07198030177986\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.119140625,\n              27.254629577800088\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.22900390625,\n              26.43122806450644\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.9873046875,\n              25.859223554761407\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.42675781249999,\n              25.859223554761407\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.19580078125,\n              26.03704188651584\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.03076171875,\n              26.2145910237943\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.5361328125,\n              27.00040800352175\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.64599609375,\n              27.625140335093324\n            ],\n            [\n              -100,\n              28.130127737874005\n            ],\n            [\n              -100,\n              31.541089879585808\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91bee4b0518e354dd1b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickinson, Kendell A.","contributorId":55430,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"Kendell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70156646,"text":"70156646 - 1976 - Compositional variations in wolframite from the Hamme (Tungsten Queen) mine, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-25T13:53:42","indexId":"70156646","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-25T17:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compositional variations in wolframite from the Hamme (Tungsten Queen) mine, North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p>A microprobe study of wolframite from the Tungsten Queen mine, Hamme district, North Carolina, proves it to be almost pure huebnerite. Concentric zoning, which shows up as light-brown and dark-brown bands, indicates small variations in the content of FeO. There is no apparent correlation between the small variations in the composition of the wolframite and its position in the mine. The Fe/Mn ratio of the wolframite is not indicative of the temperature of crystallization.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Bird, M.L., and Gair, J., 1976, Compositional variations in wolframite from the Hamme (Tungsten Queen) mine, North Carolina: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 4, no. 5, p. 583-588.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"583","endPage":"588","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":307427,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":307426,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1976/vol4issue5/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"29.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.5,\n              36.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.5,\n              36.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.4,\n              36.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.4,\n              36.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.5,\n              36.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55dd91afe4b0518e354dd141","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bird, M. L.","contributorId":77176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gair, J. E.","contributorId":50891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gair","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5222343,"text":"5222343 - 1976 - Determining population size of territorial red-winged blackbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-18T17:58:26.940079","indexId":"5222343","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-01T12:19:11","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining population size of territorial red-winged blackbirds","docAbstract":"<p>Population sizes of territorial male red-winged blackbirds (<i>Agelaius phoeniceus</i>) were determined with counts of territorial males (area count) and a Petersen-Lincoln Index method for roadsides (roadside estimate). Weather conditions and time of day did not influence either method. Combined roadside estimates had smaller error bounds than the individual transect estimates and were not hindered by the problem of zero recaptures. Roadside estimates were usually one-half as large as the area counts, presumably due to an observer bias for marked birds. The roadside estimate provides only an index of major changes in populations of territorial male redwings. When the roadside estimate is employed, the area count should be used to determine the amount and nature of observer bias. For small population surveys, the area count is probably more reliable and accurate than the roadside estimate.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3800574","usgsCitation":"Albers, P., 1976, Determining population size of territorial red-winged blackbirds: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 40, no. 4, p. 761-768, https://doi.org/10.2307/3800574.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"761","endPage":"768","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196807,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66740c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Albers, P.H.","contributorId":26646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011086,"text":"70011086 - 1976 - Fine particles on Mars: Observations with the Viking 1 lander cameras","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-20T16:40:30.887778","indexId":"70011086","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine particles on Mars: Observations with the Viking 1 lander cameras","docAbstract":"Drifts of fine-grained sediment are present in the vicinity of the Viking 1 lander. Many drifts occur in the lees of large boulders. Morphologic analysis indicates that the last dynamic event was one of general deflation for at least some drifts. Particle cohesion implies that there is a distinct small-particle upturn in the threshold velocity-particle size curve; the apparent absence of the most easily moved particles (150 micrometers in diameter) may be due to their preferential transport to other regions or their preferential collisional destruction. A twilight rescan with lander cameras indicates a substantial amount of red dust with mean radius on the order of 1 micrometer in the atmosphere.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.194.4260.87","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Mutch, T., Arvidson, R., Binder, A., Huck, F., Levinthal, E., Liebes, S., Morris, E.C., Nummedal, D., Pollack, J.B., and Sagan, C., 1976, Fine particles on Mars: Observations with the Viking 1 lander cameras: Science, v. 194, no. 4260, p. 87-91, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.194.4260.87.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"91","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221272,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"194","issue":"4260","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a101fe4b0c8380cd53b2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mutch, T.A.","contributorId":61884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mutch","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arvidson, R. E.","contributorId":46666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Binder, A.B.","contributorId":86855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Binder","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Huck, F.O.","contributorId":106256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huck","given":"F.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Levinthal, E.C.","contributorId":45823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levinthal","given":"E.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liebes, S. Jr.","contributorId":105290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liebes","given":"S.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Morris, E. C.","contributorId":84381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nummedal, D.","contributorId":56374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nummedal","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Pollack, James B.","contributorId":12616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollack","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sagan, C.","contributorId":42336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sagan","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70011067,"text":"70011067 - 1976 - Search for the Viking 2 landing site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-16T17:01:47.599925","indexId":"70011067","displayToPublicDate":"1976-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Search for the Viking 2 landing site","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>The search for the landing site of Viking 2 was more extensive than the search for the Viking 1 site. Seven times as much area (4.5 million square kilometers) was examined as for Viking 1. Cydonia (B1) and Capri (C1) sites were examined with the Viking 1 orbiter. The B latitude band (40° to 50°N) was selected before the final midcourse maneuver of Viking 2 because of its high scientific interest (that is, high atmospheric water content, surface temperature, possible near-surface permafrost, and a different geological domain). The Viking 1 orbiter continued photographing the Cydonia (B1) site to search for an area large and smooth enough on which to land (three-sigma ellipse; 100 by 260 kilometers); such an area was not found. The second spacecraft photographed and made infrared measurements in large areas in Arcadia (B2) and Utopia Planitia (B3). Both areas are highly textured, mottled cratered plains with abundant impact craters like Cydonia (B1), but smaller sectors in each area are partially mantled by wind-formed deposits. The thermal inertia, from which the grain size of surface material can be computed, and atmospheric water content were determined from the infrared observations. A region in Utopia Planitia, west of the crater Mie, was selected: the landing took place successfully on 3 September 1976 at 3:58:20 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time, earth received time.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.194.4260.62","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Masursky, H., and Crabill, N., 1976, Search for the Viking 2 landing site: Science, v. 194, no. 4260, p. 62-68, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.194.4260.62.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"68","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221022,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"194","issue":"4260","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b884de4b08c986b3168d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masursky, H.","contributorId":33823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masursky","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crabill, N.L.","contributorId":93627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crabill","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70010998,"text":"70010998 - 1976 - Dinoflagellates: Fossil motile-stage tests from the Upper Cretaceous of the northern New Jersey coastal plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-20T17:03:58.69961","indexId":"70010998","displayToPublicDate":"1976-09-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dinoflagellates: Fossil motile-stage tests from the Upper Cretaceous of the northern New Jersey coastal plain","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fossil dinoflagellate tests have been considered to represent encysted, nonmotile stages. The discovery of flagellar porelike structures and probable trichocyst pores in the Upper Cretaceous genus&nbsp;</span><i>Dinogymnium</i><span>&nbsp;suggests that motile stage tests are also preserved as acid-resistant, organic-walled microfossils.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.193.4258.1128","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"May, F., 1976, Dinoflagellates: Fossil motile-stage tests from the Upper Cretaceous of the northern New Jersey coastal plain: Science, v. 193, no. 4258, p. 1128-1130, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.193.4258.1128.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1128","endPage":"1130","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221501,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"northern New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.09448214990174,\n              41.393740833879576\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.09448214990174,\n              40.23124733628964\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.87378177684977,\n              40.23124733628964\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.87378177684977,\n              41.393740833879576\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.09448214990174,\n              41.393740833879576\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"193","issue":"4258","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a01a4e4b0c8380cd4fcac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, F.E.","contributorId":99153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70010216,"text":"70010216 - 1976 - Bicarbonate content of groundwater in carbonate rock in eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-10T15:50:17.089441","indexId":"70010216","displayToPublicDate":"1976-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bicarbonate content of groundwater in carbonate rock in eastern North America","docAbstract":"<p>In carbonate-rock terrane the most effective solution occurs where soil and vegetative cover facilitate biogenic production and storage of CO<sub>2</sub> in the soil until part of it is carried downward in percolating water. Bicarbonate data for groundwater in eastern North America are examined in the light of these conditions, of the CO<sub>2</sub> content of soil gas, and of the timing of groundwater recharge relative to seasonal changes in soil temperature. There appears to be no well-marked relation between latitude and bicarbonate content of groundwater in this region. Interplay of all the factors listed above, and of lithology and soil types, is evidently such that under optimum conditions the amount of solution of carbonate rock is roughly comparable, per unit of groundwater recharge, over the region from Ohio to Florida (and, perhaps, to Puerto Rico and Yucatan). Relatively low HCO<sub>3</sub> concentrations observed in much of the southern United States are attributed to low production and storage of CO<sub>2</sub> in sandy soil that is poor in organic matter. On the other hand, concentrations observed in Ontario, New York and Michigan are markedly higher than is to be expected from interrelations of the factors considered. These high values, apparently anomalous, are attributed in part to solution of granular glacial drift derived largely from carbonate rock.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(76)90019-6","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Trainer, F., and Heath, R., 1976, Bicarbonate content of groundwater in carbonate rock in eastern North America: Journal of Hydrology, v. 31, no. 1-2, p. 37-55, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(76)90019-6.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"55","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219132,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"eastern North 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,{"id":70011068,"text":"70011068 - 1976 - Preliminary results from the Viking orbiter imaging experiment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-21T15:31:32.825754","indexId":"70011068","displayToPublicDate":"1976-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary results from the Viking orbiter imaging experiment","docAbstract":"During its first 30 orbits around Mars, the Viking orbiter took approximately 1000 photographic frames of the surface of Mars with resolutions that ranged from 100 meters to a little more than 1 kilometer. Most were of potential landing sites in Chryse Planitia and Cydonia and near Capri Chasma. Contiguous high-resolution coverage in these areas has led to an increased understanding of surface processes, particularly cratering, fluvial, and mass-wasting phenomena. Most of the surfaces examined appear relatively old, channel features abound, and a variety of features suggestive of permafrost have been identified. The ejecta patterns around large craters imply that fluid flow of ejecta occurred after ballistic deposition. Variable features in the photographed area appear to have changed little since observed 5 years ago from Mariner 9. A variety of atmospheric phenomena were observed, including diffuse morning hazes, both stationary and moving discrete white clouds, and wave clouds covering extensive areas.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.193.4255.766","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Carr, M.H., Masursky, H., Baum, W., Blasius, K., Briggs, G., Cutts, J., Duxbury, T., Greeley, R., Guest, J.E., Smith, B., Soderblom, L., Veverka, J., and Wellman, J., 1976, Preliminary results from the Viking orbiter imaging experiment: Science, v. 193, no. 4255, p. 766-776, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.193.4255.766.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"766","endPage":"776","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221023,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"193","issue":"4255","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8a62e4b0c8380cd7e044","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carr, M. 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,{"id":70010932,"text":"70010932 - 1976 - Radar characteristics of Viking 1 landing sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-21T15:58:02.679636","indexId":"70010932","displayToPublicDate":"1976-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radar characteristics of Viking 1 landing sites","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>Radar observations of Mars at centimeter wavelengths in May, June, and July 1976 provided estimates of surface roughness and reflectivity in three potential landing areas for Viking 1. Surface roughness is characterized by the distribution of surface landing slopes or tilts on lateral scales of the order of 1 to 10 meters; measurements of surface reflectivity are indicators of bulk surface density in the uppermost few centimeters. By these measures, the Viking 1 landing site at 47.5°W, 22.4°N is rougher than the martian average, although it may be near the martian average for elevations accessible to Viking, and is estimated to be near the Mars average in reflectivity. The AINW site at the center of Chryse Planitia, 43.5°W, 23.4°N, may be an area of anomalous radar characteristics, indicative of extreme, small-scale roughness, very low surface density, or a combination of these two characteristics, Low signal-to-noise ratio observations of the original Chryse site at 34°W, 19.5°N indicate that that area is at least twice as rough as the Mars average.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.193.4255.812","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Tyler, G., Campbell, D., Downs, G., Green, R., and Moore, H., 1976, Radar characteristics of Viking 1 landing sites: Science, v. 193, no. 4255, p. 812-815, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.193.4255.812.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"812","endPage":"815","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221789,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"193","issue":"4255","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9382e4b0c8380cd80e72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tyler, G.L.","contributorId":26297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyler","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, D.B.","contributorId":35753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Downs, G.S.","contributorId":16980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downs","given":"G.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Green, R.R.","contributorId":68460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, H. J.","contributorId":71962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"H. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70010943,"text":"70010943 - 1976 - The Viking landing sites: Selection and certification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-21T15:51:07.259164","indexId":"70010943","displayToPublicDate":"1976-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Viking landing sites: Selection and certification","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>During the past several years the Viking project developed plans to use Viking orbiter instruments and Earth-based radar to certify the suitability of the landing sites selected as the safest and most scientifically rewarding using Mariner 9 data. During June and July 1976, the Earth-based radar and orbital spacecraft observations of some of the prime and backup sites were completed. The results of these combined observations indicated that the Viking 1 prime landing area in the Chryse region of Mars is geologically varied and possibly more hazardous than expected, and was not certifiable as a site for the Viking 1 landing. Consequently, the site certification effort had to be drastically modified and lengthened to search for a site that might be safe enough to attempt to land. The selected site considered at 47.5°W, 22.4°N represented a compromise between desirable characteristics observed with visual images and those inferred from Earth-based radar. It lies in the Chryse region about 900 kilometers northwest of the original site. Viking 1 landed successfully at this site on 20 July 1976.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.193.4255.809","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Masursky, H., and Crabill, N., 1976, The Viking landing sites: Selection and certification: Science, v. 193, no. 4255, p. 809-812, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.193.4255.809.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"809","endPage":"812","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220809,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"193","issue":"4255","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba978e4b08c986b3222aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masursky, H.","contributorId":33823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masursky","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crabill, N.L.","contributorId":93627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crabill","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70175792,"text":"70175792 - 1976 - Status of projects in Minnesota, fiscal years 1976 and 1977","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T11:57:00","indexId":"70175792","displayToPublicDate":"1976-08-20T11:15:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Status of projects in Minnesota, fiscal years 1976 and 1977","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/70175792","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1976, Status of projects in Minnesota, fiscal years 1976 and 1977, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70175792.","productDescription":"36 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science 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,{"id":70209144,"text":"70209144 - 1976 - Relocation of local earthquakes by seismic ray tracing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-05T22:48:24.214412","indexId":"70209144","displayToPublicDate":"1976-08-10T08:54:20","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relocation of local earthquakes by seismic ray tracing","docAbstract":"<p><span>Seismic ray tracing is used to relocate a set of local earthquakes recorded by a dense seismic array in Bear Valley, California. The crustal velocity structure is two-dimensional and incorporates most of the known and inferred velocity differences in the region. Relocated hypocenters fall within the San Andreas fault zone, and P residuals, without elevation or station corrections, now appear to be more internally consistent in the rms sense. Ray takeoff angles and azimuths are distinctly different from those of a uniformly layered earth model. Focal mechanism solutions using only traced data are well determined and have few inconsistent data. Zones of convergence and divergence of rays suggest large variations in observed amplitudes across the local network.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB081i023p04400","usgsCitation":"Engdahl, E., and Lee, W., 1976, Relocation of local earthquakes by seismic ray tracing: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 81, no. 23, p. 4400-4406, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB081i023p04400.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"4400","endPage":"4406","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373367,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.29980468749999,\n              35.06597313798418\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.24609374999999,\n              35.06597313798418\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.24609374999999,\n              42.13082130188811\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.29980468749999,\n              42.13082130188811\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.29980468749999,\n              35.06597313798418\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"81","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engdahl, E.R.","contributorId":22906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engdahl","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70209143,"text":"70209143 - 1976 - Determination of three‐dimensional velocity anomalies under a seismic array using first P arrival times from local earthquakes: 1. A homogeneous initial model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-19T08:48:23","indexId":"70209143","displayToPublicDate":"1976-08-10T08:46:54","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of three‐dimensional velocity anomalies under a seismic array using first P arrival times from local earthquakes: 1. A homogeneous initial model","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Geiger's method of locating local earthquakes has been extended to include the effect of P velocity variation along the ray paths in three dimensions. The crustal structure was modeled by rectangular blocks, and a parameter was assigned to each block describing the perturbation of P wave slowness in the block. On the basis of an initial model, a set of linear equations for the observed first P arrival times was formulated in terms of the source and medium parameters. The source parameters for all the earthquakes in the data set and medium parameters for all the blocks penetrated by the seismic rays were then determined simultaneously by the damped least squares method. A computer program has been written for the case of a homogeneous initial medium model with constant P velocity. It has been tested with artificial data and applied to a set of local earthquakes recorded by a dense seismic array in Bear Valley, California. The resultant velocity distribution in the top 5 km shows a narrow low‐velocity zone of about 5 km/s in the San Andreas fault zone sandwiched between high‐velocity regions of about 6 km/s.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/JB081i023p04381","usgsCitation":"Aki, K., and Lee, W., 1976, Determination of three‐dimensional velocity anomalies under a seismic array using first P arrival times from local earthquakes: 1. A homogeneous initial model: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 81, no. 23, p. 4381-4399, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB081i023p04381.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"4381","endPage":"4399","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":373365,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.29980468749999,\n              35.06597313798418\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.24609374999999,\n              35.06597313798418\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.24609374999999,\n              42.13082130188811\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.29980468749999,\n              42.13082130188811\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.29980468749999,\n              35.06597313798418\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"81","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aki, Keiiti","contributorId":88790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aki","given":"Keiiti","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70119575,"text":"70119575 - 1976 - Home range, social behavior, and dominance relationships in the African unstriped ground squirrel, <i>Xerus rutilus</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-07T14:07:25","indexId":"70119575","displayToPublicDate":"1976-08-01T14:02:10","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Home range, social behavior, and dominance relationships in the African unstriped ground squirrel, <i>Xerus rutilus</i>","docAbstract":"A field study of home range, social behavior, and dominance relationships in the African unstriped ground squirrel, <i>Xerus rutilus</i>, was conducted in semi-arid bushland near Kibwezi, Kenya.  Ground squirrels lived alone or in small groups in isolated burrow systems and had broadly overlapping home ranges.  They were neither territorial or colonial.  Home ranges were estimated by visual observation of marked animals and those of males were considerably larger (mean=7.01 hectares (ha); n=4) than those of females (mean=1.37 ha; n-6).  A continuum of agonistic behavior ranging from threat to combat is described, although actual combat was rarely observed.  Sexual behavior includes a stereotypical tail display by adult males.  Dominance relationships, based on 542 observed encounters between marked individuals, include a consistent male dominance over females and a fairly constant linear hierarchy among all individuals with shared home ranges.  Similarities in the behavior of African ground squirrels and tree squirrels (<i>Sciurus</i>) are discussed.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mammalogists","publisherLocation":"Provo, UT","doi":"10.2307/1379295","usgsCitation":"O'Shea, T., 1976, Home range, social behavior, and dominance relationships in the African unstriped ground squirrel, <i>Xerus rutilus</i>: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 57, no. 3, p. 450-460, https://doi.org/10.2307/1379295.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"450","endPage":"460","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":291851,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":291850,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1379295"}],"volume":"57","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53e492cce4b0fff40428a58b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O'Shea, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0758-9730","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0758-9730","contributorId":78071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Shea","given":"Thomas J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":497722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70211093,"text":"70211093 - 1976 - Field measurements of apparent Curie temperatures in a cooling basaltic lava lake, Kilauea Iki, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-14T17:02:50.853458","indexId":"70211093","displayToPublicDate":"1976-07-14T11:51:46","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field measurements of apparent Curie temperatures in a cooling basaltic lava lake, Kilauea Iki, Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p><span>Magnetic susceptibility and temperature measurements have been made in two of three holes drilled in 1975 through the crust and into the still molten lens of tholeiitic basalt in Kilauea Iki lava lake (formed in 1959). The temperature above which magnetic susceptibility drops to zero—the&nbsp;</span><span>apparent</span><span>&nbsp;Curie temperature—is 540°C. at depths of 34.7‐35.9 m below the lake surface. These field measurements suggest that the dominant ferromagnetic mineral in the cooling basalt is titanomagnetite containing about 10 mol percent ulvöspinel.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/GL003i008p00487","usgsCitation":"Zablocki, C.J., and Tilling, R.I., 1976, Field measurements of apparent Curie temperatures in a cooling basaltic lava lake, Kilauea Iki, Hawaii: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 3, no. 80, p. 487-490, https://doi.org/10.1029/GL003i008p00487.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"487","endPage":"490","costCenters":[{"id":153,"text":"California Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Iki","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.302734375,\n              19.316327373141174\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.028076171875,\n              19.316327373141174\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.028076171875,\n              19.54943746814108\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.302734375,\n              19.54943746814108\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.302734375,\n              19.316327373141174\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"80","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zablocki, Charles J.","contributorId":48961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zablocki","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":792757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tilling, Robert I. 0000-0003-4263-7221 rtilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7221","contributorId":2567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilling","given":"Robert","email":"rtilling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":792758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70121418,"text":"70121418 - 1976 - Evidence of post-Pleistocene faults on New Jersey Atlantic outer continental shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-25T16:45:41.599106","indexId":"70121418","displayToPublicDate":"1976-07-01T15:53:42","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of post-Pleistocene faults on New Jersey Atlantic outer continental shelf","docAbstract":"<p>Recently obtained high-resolution seismic profiles (400-4,000-Hz band) show evidence of faults in shallow sedimentary strata near the edge of the Atlantic continental shelf off New Jersey. Apparent normal faults having a throw of about 1.5 m displace sediments to within 7 m of the sea floor. The faults appear to be overlain by undeformed horizontal beds of relatively recent age. Several faults 1 to 2 km apart strike approximately N70°E and dip northwest. The data suggest that the faults are upthrown on the southeast.</p><p>Projection of the faults on the high-resolution profiles to a nearby multichannel seismic-reflection profile indicates that these shallow faults might be the near-surface expression of a more fundamental deep-seated fault. Several prominent reflectors in the multichannel records are offset by a high-angle normal fault reaching depths of 4.0 to 5.0 sec (6.0 to 6.5 km). The deep fault on the multichannel line also is upthrown on the southeast. Throws of as much as 90 m are apparent at depth, but offsets of as much as 10 m could be present in the shallower parts of the section that may not be resolved in the multichannel data.</p><p>The position and strike of these faults coincide with and parallel the East Coast magnetic anomaly interpreted as the fundamental seaward basement boundary of the Baltimore Canyon trough. Recurring movements along such boundary faults are expected theoretically if the marginal basins are subsiding in response to the plate rotation of North America and seafloor spreading in the Atlantic.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","doi":"10.1306/C1EA3636-16C9-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Sheridan, R.E., and Knebel, H., 1976, Evidence of post-Pleistocene faults on New Jersey Atlantic outer continental shelf: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 60, no. 7, p. 1112-1117, https://doi.org/10.1306/C1EA3636-16C9-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1112","endPage":"1117","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292802,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.833333,39.166667 ], [ -72.833333,39.416667 ], [ -72.333333,39.416667 ], [ -72.333333,39.166667 ], [ -72.833333,39.166667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"60","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f707d8e4b05ec1f2431bcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sheridan, R. E.","contributorId":36681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheridan","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knebel, H.J.","contributorId":79092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knebel","given":"H.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}