On the basis of a linear relationship between winter (October-April) precipitation and annual runoff from a drainage basin (Rasmussen and Tangborn, 1976) a physically reasonable model for predicting summer (May-September) streamflow from drainages in the North Cascades region was developed. This hydrometeorological prediction method relates streamflow for a season beginning on the day of prediction to the storage (including snow, ice, soil moisture, and groundwater) on that day. The spring storage is inferred from an input-output relationship based on the principle of conservation of mass: spring storage equals winter precipitation on the basin less winter runoff from the basin and less winter evapotranspiration, which is presumed to be small. The method of prediction is based on data only from the years previous to the one for which the prediction is made, and the system is revised each year as data for the previous year become available. To improve the basin storage estimate made in late winter or early spring, a short-season runoff prediction is made. The errors resulting from this short-term prediction are used to revise the storage estimate and improve the later prediction. This considerably improves the accuracy of the later prediction, especially for periods early in the summer runoff season. The optimum length for the test period appears to be generally less than a month for east side basins and between 1 and 2 months for those on the west side of the Cascade Range. The time distribution of the total summer runoff can be predicted when this test season is used so that on May 1 monthly streamflow for the May-September season can be predicted. It was found that summer precipitation and the time of minimum storage are two error sources that were amenable to analysis. For streamflow predictions in seasons beginning in early spring the deviation of the subsequent summer precipitation from a long-period average will contribute up to 53% of the prediction error. This contribution decreases to nearly zero during the summer and then rises slightly for late summer predictions. The reason for the smaller than expected effect of summer precipitation is thought to be due to the compensating effect of increased evaporative losses and increased infiltration when precipitation is greater than normal during the summer months. The error caused by the beginning winter month (assumed to be October in this study) not coinciding with the time of minimum storage was examined; it appears that October may be the best average beginning winter month for most drainages but that a more detailed study is needed. The optimum beginning of the winter season appears to vary from August to October when individual years are examined. These results demonstrate that standard precipitation and runoff measurements in the North Cascades region are adequate for constructing a predictive hydrologic model. This model can be used to make streamflow predictions that compare favorably with current multiple regression methods based on mountain snow surveys. This method has the added advantages of predicting the space and time distributions of storage and summer runoff.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR012i002p00203","usgsCitation":"Tangborn, W.V., and Rasmussen, L.A., 1976, Hydrology of the North Cascades region, Washington: 2. A proposed hydrometeorological streamflow prediction method: Water Resources Research, v. 12, no. 2, p. 203-216, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR012i002p00203.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"216","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321911,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascade 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\"}}]}","volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5cfe4b0ee97d51a83ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tangborn, Wendell V.","contributorId":32152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tangborn","given":"Wendell","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rasmussen, Lowell A.","contributorId":36930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Lowell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70171417,"text":"70171417 - 1976 - Hydrology of the North Cascades region, Washington: 1. Runoff, precipitation, and storage characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-04T14:30:25","indexId":"70171417","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrology of the North Cascades region, Washington: 1. Runoff, precipitation, and storage characteristics","docAbstract":"The time and space distributions of measured precipitation and measured runoff and of spring storage, which is approximately equal to the subsequent summer runoff of snowmelt and stored groundwater, have been analyzed for the North Cascades region of Washington. Neither precipitation nor runoff shows a consistent relationship with altitude, chiefly because of precipitation-shadowing effects in this region of high relief. The relationship between mean annual precipitation and altitude is improved considerably when a topographic mean altitude is used instead of the actual altitude of the weather station. However, the improvement is not sufficient to explain a number of discrepancies that still occur. Some of the scatter in a precipitation-altitude plot appears to be due to a deficient precipitation catch by high-altitude gages. When the dependence of runoff on precipitation was examined on an annual, seasonal, and monthly basis, it was found that only a few low-altitude gages correlated well with basin runoff. In several instances, annual (water year) runoff could be better predicted from winter precipitation than from annual precipitation. Precipitation and runoff were tested for changes with time and both appeared to have been increasing slightly but not at a statistically significant level. When the summer (May–September) fraction of the total annual runoff is plotted against mean basin altitude, a consistent, physically reasonable, mildly curvilinear relationship is revealed. On the basis of this relationship, by using several drainages with diverse area-altitude profiles the spring storage versus altitude distribution can be estimated for each basin. The area-altitude distribution is used instead of the mean altitude in this calculation because of the apparent nonlinear relationship between runoff and altitude.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR012i002p00187","usgsCitation":"Rasmussen, L.A., and Tangborn, W.V., 1976, Hydrology of the North Cascades region, Washington: 1. Runoff, precipitation, and storage characteristics: Water Resources Research, v. 12, no. 2, p. 187-202, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR012i002p00187.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"202","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascade 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\"}}]}","volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574eb5cfe4b0ee97d51a83c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rasmussen, Lowell A.","contributorId":36930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rasmussen","given":"Lowell","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tangborn, Wendell V.","contributorId":32152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tangborn","given":"Wendell","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":85645,"text":"85645 - 1976 - Wildlife diseases: philosophical considerations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-19T14:13:50.875364","indexId":"85645","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Wildlife diseases: philosophical considerations","docAbstract":"Wildlife diseases are studied because of their adverse impact on human health, agriculture, or wildlife conservation. Viewpoints from these three major areas of concern are not always compatible, yet the ecological nature of disease makes it essential that each is recognized and understood. Within wildlife agencies, resistance or apathy toward controlling wildlife disease arises because: (1) seldom is this action initiated primarily for the direct benefit of wildlife, (2) the action may be at the direct expense of wildlife, (3) there has been little to demonstrate that wildlife diseases can be controlled in free-living wild populations, and (4) the role of disease in the population dynamics of wildlife species has not been adequately documented and, as a result, the importance of many diseases has not been ascertained.
In addition to knowing better the effects of disease on the population dynamics of wildlife species, it is essential to investigate chemical-microbial and chemical-parasitic interactions. Greater efforts must be made to prevent the introduction of disease into wildlife populations and to control disease when it occurs. Although management of wildlife populations often parallels intensive agricultural operations, knowledge of animal husbandry and associated disease problems in domestic animals has not been adequately utilized. As a result, disease problems are created that might otherwise be avoided or reduced in magnitude. If we are to be successful in controlling diseases of wildlife, each of us must translate his knowledge into forms that will utilize differing viewpoints in the resolution of common problems.
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","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on biology and management of mangroves","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"International Symposium on biology and management of mangroves","language":"English","publisher":"University of Florida","usgsCitation":"Wilcox, L.V., Yocom, T.G., and Forbes, A.M., 1976, Ecology of mangroves in the Jewfish Chain, Exuma, Bahamas, in Proceedings of the International Symposium on biology and management of mangroves, p. 305-343.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"305","endPage":"343","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d64afe4b07e28b6683a7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilcox, L. V.","contributorId":169585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilcox","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yocom, Thomas G.","contributorId":38095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yocom","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Forbes, A. M.","contributorId":169586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forbes","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":630151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70171164,"text":"70171164 - 1976 - Energy-related research of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service on the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-24T10:52:09","indexId":"70171164","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Energy-related research of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service on the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
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","language":"English","publisher":"Texas Water Development Board","usgsCitation":"Friebele, C., and Wolff, H.A., 1976, Annotated bibliography of Texas water resources reports of the Texas Water Development Board and U.S. Geological Survey through August 1974: Texas Water Development Board Report 199, 157 p.","productDescription":"157 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326653,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58abde4b03bcb0104bb58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friebele, C. D.","contributorId":173754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friebele","given":"C. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolff, H. A.","contributorId":173755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolff","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":85605,"text":"85605 - 1976 - Chemical control of the sea lamprey: the addition of a chemical to the environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:13","indexId":"85605","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Chemical control of the sea lamprey: the addition of a chemical to the environment","docAbstract":"Abstract not submitted to date","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Quality and Safety","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag","publisherLocation":"Stuttgart, Germany","usgsCitation":"Menzie, C.M., and Hunn, J.B., 1976, Chemical control of the sea lamprey: the addition of a chemical to the environment, chap. of Environmental Quality and Safety, v. 5, 1-14.","productDescription":"1-14","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e3edb","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Coulston, F.","contributorId":112802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coulston","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504552,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Korte, F.","contributorId":68438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korte","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":504551,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Menzie, C. M.","contributorId":67608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menzie","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunn, J. B.","contributorId":15133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunn","given":"J.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":296108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011157,"text":"70011157 - 1976 - Seismicity and faulting attributable to fluid extraction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-16T13:52:41.317696","indexId":"70011157","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismicity and faulting attributable to fluid extraction","docAbstract":"The association between fluid injection and seismicity has been well documented and widely publicized. Less well known, but probably equally widespread are faulting and shallow seismicity attributable solely to fluid extraction, particularly in association with petroleum production. Two unequivocable examples of seismicity and faulting associated with fluid extraction in the United States are: The Goose Creek, Texas oil field event of 1925 (involving surface rupture); and the Wilmington, California oil field events (involving subsurface rupture) of 1947, 1949, 1951 (2), 1955, and 1961. Six additional cases of intensity I-VII earthquakes (M < 4.6) without reported faulting may be attributable to shallow production from other large oil and gas fields. In addition to these examples are thirteen cases of apparently aseismic surface rupture associated with production from California and Texas oil fields. Small earthquakes in the Eloy-Picacho area of Arizona may be attributable to withdrawal of groundwater, but their relation to widespread fissuring is enigmatic. The clearest example of extraction-induced seismicity outside of North America is the 1951 series of earthquakes associated with gas production from the Po River delta near Caviga, Italy. Faulting and seismicity associated with fluid extraction are attributed to differential compaction at depth caused by reduction of reservoir fluid pressure and attendant increase in effective stress. Surface and subsurface measurements and theoretical and model studies show that differential compaction leads not only to differential subsidence and centripetally-directed horizontal displacements, but to changes in both vertical- and horizontal-strain regimes. Study of well-documented examples indicates that the occurrence and nature of faulting and seismicity associated with compaction are functions chiefly of: (1) the pre-exploitation strain regime, and (2) the magnitude of contractional horizontal strain centered over the compacting materials relative to that of the surrounding annulus of extensional horizontal strain. The examples cited include natural systems strained only by extraction of fluids, as well as some subsequently subjected to injection. Faulting and seismicity have accompanied both decrease and subsequent increase of fluid pressures; reversal of fluid-pressure decline by injection may enhance the likelihood of subsurface faulting and seismicity due chiefly to earlier fluid pressure reduction. A consistent common denominator appears to be continuing compaction at depth; the relative effects of fluid extraction followed by injection are not easily separated.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0013-7952(76)90017-X","issn":"00137952","usgsCitation":"Yerkes, R.F., and Castle, R.O., 1976, Seismicity and faulting attributable to fluid extraction: Engineering Geology, v. 10, no. 2-4, p. 151-167, https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(76)90017-X.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"151","endPage":"167","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220963,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b8ce4b08c986b317903","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yerkes, R. F.","contributorId":24754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castle, R. O.","contributorId":79880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castle","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011133,"text":"70011133 - 1976 - Oroville earthquakes: Normal faulting in the Sierra Nevada foothills","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-21T16:20:22.256023","indexId":"70011133","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oroville earthquakes: Normal faulting in the Sierra Nevada foothills","docAbstract":"Aftershocks of the Oroville, California, earthquake of 1 August 1975 define a 16- by 12-kilometer fault plane striking north-south and dipping 60 degrees to the west to a depth of 10 kilometers. Focal mechanisms from P-wave first motions indicate normal faulting with the western, Great Valley side downdropped relative to the Sierra Nevada block. The northward projection of the fault plane passes beneath Oroville Dam and crops out under the reservoir.","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.192.4234.72","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Bufe, C., Lester, F., Lahr, K., Lahr, J., Seekins, L.C., and Hanks, T.C., 1976, Oroville earthquakes: Normal faulting in the Sierra Nevada foothills: Science, v. 192, no. 4234, p. 72-74, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.192.4234.72.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"74","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220691,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Oroville","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.84478686570523,\n 39.729207337221794\n ],\n [\n -121.84478686570523,\n 39.206896214987836\n ],\n [\n -120.65753121366123,\n 39.206896214987836\n ],\n [\n -120.65753121366123,\n 39.729207337221794\n ],\n [\n -121.84478686570523,\n 39.729207337221794\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"192","issue":"4234","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7125e4b0c8380cd764ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bufe, C. G.","contributorId":79443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bufe","given":"C. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lester, F.W.","contributorId":10767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lester","given":"F.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lahr, K.M.","contributorId":72126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahr","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lahr, J.C.","contributorId":34892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahr","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seekins, L. 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","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH)","doi":"10.2307/1443389","usgsCitation":"Hunn, J.B., 1976, Inorganic composition of gallbladder bile from freshwater fishes: Copeia, v. 1976, no. 3, p. 602-605, https://doi.org/10.2307/1443389.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"602","endPage":"605","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130480,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1976","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d95c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunn, J. B.","contributorId":15133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunn","given":"J.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70045449,"text":"70045449 - 1976 - Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Austin, Texas Metropolitan Area, 1974","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T16:21:15","indexId":"70045449","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":375,"text":"Open-File Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Austin, Texas Metropolitan Area, 1974","docAbstract":"The purpose of this report is to present rainfall and runoff data for the Waller Creek and Wilbarger Creek study areas for the 1974 water year (October 1, 1973 to September 30, 1974).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70045449","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Texas Water Development Board","usgsCitation":"Mitchell, R., 1976, Hydrologic data for urban studies in the Austin, Texas Metropolitan Area, 1974: Open-File Report, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70045449.","productDescription":"60 p.","numberOfPages":"59","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1973-10-01","temporalEnd":"1974-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":272737,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045449/report.pdf"},{"id":271012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045449/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Austin","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"516e72ece4b00154e4368c0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mitchell, R.N.","contributorId":94301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"R.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":477513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003376,"text":"1003376 - 1976 - Removal of toxic chemicals from water with activated carbon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-14T17:29:17.690502","indexId":"1003376","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Removal of toxic chemicals from water with activated carbon","docAbstract":"Activated carbon was effective in removing fish toxicants and anesthetics from water solutions. Its capacity to adsorb 3‐trifluoromethyl‐4‐nitrophenol (TFM), antimycin, Noxfish(R) (5% rotenone), Dibrom(R), juglone, MS‐222, and benzocaine ranged from 0.1 to 64 mg per gram of carbon. The adsorptive capacity (end point considered as a significant discharge) of activated carbon for removal of TFM was determined at column depths of 15, 30, and 60 cm; temperatures of 7, 12, 17, and 22 C; pHˈs of 6.5, 7.5, 8.5, and 9.5; and flow rates of 50, 78, 100, 200, and 940 ml/min. Adsorptive capacity increased when the contact time was increased by reducing the flow rate or increasing the column depth. The adsorptive capacity was not significantly influenced by temperature but was substantially higher at pH 6.5 than at the other pHˈs tested. A practical and efficient filter for purifying chemically treated water was developed.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1976)105<119:ROTCFW>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Dawson, V.K., Marking, L.L., and Bills, T., 1976, Removal of toxic chemicals from water with activated carbon: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 105, no. 1, p. 119-123, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1976)105<119:ROTCFW>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"119","endPage":"123","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129126,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63edd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dawson, V. K.","contributorId":48900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marking, L. L.","contributorId":90661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marking","given":"L.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bills, T.D.","contributorId":6393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bills","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70176026,"text":"70176026 - 1976 - Ground-water discharge from the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T16:22:30","indexId":"70176026","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5177,"text":"Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"35","title":"Ground-water discharge from the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1975","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Edwards Underground Water District","usgsCitation":"Rappmund, R.A., 1976, Ground-water discharge from the Edwards and associated limestones, San Antonio area, Texas, 1975: Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 35, 7 p.","productDescription":"7 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327754,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57bd73dde4b03fd6b7df2d03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rappmund, R. A.","contributorId":173985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rappmund","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24994,"text":"pp891 - 1976 - The February 1969 east rift eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-05T18:17:39.633331","indexId":"pp891","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"891","title":"The February 1969 east rift eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp891","usgsCitation":"Swanson, D., Jackson, D.B., Koyanagi, R.Y., and Wright, T.L., 1976, The February 1969 east rift eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 891, Report: iv, 30 p.; 1 Plate: 39.00 x 25.40 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp891.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 30 p.; 1 Plate: 39.00 x 25.40 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":104749,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5102.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"5102"},{"id":53983,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0891/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":53982,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0891/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118995,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0891/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.25,\n 19.4583\n ],\n [\n -155.25,\n 19.333\n ],\n [\n -155.0417,\n 19.333\n ],\n [\n -155.0417,\n 19.4583\n ],\n [\n -155.25,\n 19.4583\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c842","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. 0000-0002-1680-3591","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":22303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackson, D. B.","contributorId":27057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koyanagi, R. Y.","contributorId":35719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koyanagi","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, T. L.","contributorId":11188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":28153,"text":"wri76116 - 1976 - Simulation of streamflow of Flambeau River at Park Falls, Wisconsin to define low-flow characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-04T19:45:02.380997","indexId":"wri76116","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-116","title":"Simulation of streamflow of Flambeau River at Park Falls, Wisconsin to define low-flow characteristics","docAbstract":"Daily streamflows of the Flambeau River at Park Falls, Wisconsin , were simulated for a 31-year period. Streamflow was simulated using a streamflow-routing model. These simulated daily flows were analyzed for summer (June 1-October 31) low-flow frequency. The resultant 7-day, 10-year summer low flow is 260 cubic feet per second. The standard error of estimate for this 10-year-frequency low flow is equivalent to the standard error of estimate for 16 years of gaging-station records.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S.Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri76116","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Krug, W.R., 1976, Simulation of streamflow of Flambeau River at Park Falls, Wisconsin to define low-flow characteristics: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 76-116, iii, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri76116.","productDescription":"iii, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158638,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1976/0116/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56983,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1976/0116/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415187,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35024.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1000000","country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","city":"Park Falls","otherGeospatial":"Flambeau River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 46.39998810407942\n ],\n [\n -91.527099609375,\n 45.744526980468436\n ],\n [\n -91.395263671875,\n 45.22074260255366\n ],\n [\n -90.802001953125,\n 45.10454630976873\n ],\n [\n -90.406494140625,\n 45.1510532655634\n ],\n [\n -90.24169921875,\n 45.282617057517406\n ],\n [\n -89.967041015625,\n 45.48324350868221\n ],\n [\n -89.384765625,\n 45.96642454131025\n ],\n [\n -89.2529296875,\n 46.15700496290803\n ],\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 46.39998810407942\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699f2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krug, William R.","contributorId":53381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krug","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70010914,"text":"70010914 - 1976 - Atomic absorption spectrometric determination of copper, zinc, and lead in geological materials","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-07T17:21:34.676373","indexId":"70010914","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":760,"text":"Analytica Chimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atomic absorption spectrometric determination of copper, zinc, and lead in geological materials","docAbstract":"An atomic absorption spectrometric method is described for the determination of copper, zinc, and lead in geological materials. The sample is digested with HF—HCl—H2O2; the final solution for analysis is in 10 % (v/v) HCl. Copper and zinc are determined directly by aspirating the solution into an air—acetylene flame. A separate aliquot of the solution is used for determination of lead; lead is extracted into TOPO-MIBK from the acidic solution in the presence of iodide and ascorbic acid. For a 0.50-g sample, the limits of determination are 10–2000 p.p.m. for Cu and Zn, and 5–5000 p.p.m. for Pb. As much as 40 % Fe or Ca. and 10 % Al, Mg, or Mn in the sample do not interfere. The proposed method can be applied to the determination of copper, zinc, and lead in a wide range of geological materials including iron- and manganese-rich, calcareous and carbonate samples.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0003-2670(01)83030-0","usgsCitation":"Sanzolone, R.F., and Chao, T.T., 1976, Atomic absorption spectrometric determination of copper, zinc, and lead in geological materials: Analytica Chimica Acta, v. 86, no. C, p. 163-168, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)83030-0.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"168","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221494,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eec7e4b0c8380cd49f5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanzolone, R. F.","contributorId":64199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanzolone","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chao, T. T.","contributorId":31900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":359886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44557,"text":"wri76107 - 1976 - Map showing ground-water conditions in the Aravaipa Valley area, Graham and Pinal Counties, Arizona-1975","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-15T18:37:54.763558","indexId":"wri76107","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-107","title":"Map showing ground-water conditions in the Aravaipa Valley area, Graham and Pinal Counties, Arizona-1975","docAbstract":"This hydrologic map of the Aravaipa Valley area includes about 500 sq mi in southeastern Arizona. Development of the ground-water resources is small, and pumpage is estimated to be less than 3,000 acre-ft annually for irrigation, livestock, and domestic uses. Hydrographs of the water level in selected wells show no long-term decline. Irrigation wells yield as much as 1 ,200 gal/min from the younger and older alluvium along Aravaipa Creek. The chemical quality of the ground water generally is good.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri76107","usgsCitation":"Gould, J.A., and Wilson, R.P., 1976, Map showing ground-water conditions in the Aravaipa Valley area, Graham and Pinal Counties, Arizona-1975: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 76-107, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 20.00 x 26.66 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri76107.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 20.00 x 26.66 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414245,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35017.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":113826,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1976/0107/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":113825,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1976/0107/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":135044,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1976/0107/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Graham County, Pinal County","otherGeospatial":"Aravaipa Valley area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.6070,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -110.6070,\n 32.579\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 32.579\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -110.6070,\n 33\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a49c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gould, J. A.","contributorId":106856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, R. P.","contributorId":37672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":43449,"text":"ofr76130 - 1976 - Land use and land cover map for Cartersville, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-06T22:32:01.072407","indexId":"ofr76130","displayToPublicDate":"1976-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1976","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"76-130","title":"Land use and land cover map for Cartersville, Georgia","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr76130","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1976, Land use and land cover map for Cartersville, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-130, 1 Plate, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr76130.","productDescription":"1 Plate","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120487,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_76_130.gif"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae503","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":531176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}