No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[237:AS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bullock, G.L., and Stuckey, H.M., 1975, Aeromonas salmonicida: Detection of asymptomatically infected trout: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 37, no. 4, p. 237-239, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[237:AS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"239","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130592,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-80.075947,39.72135],[-79.476662,39.721078],[-79.478866,39.531689],[-79.482366,39.531689],[-79.487651,39.279933],[-79.486873,39.205961],[-79.476037,39.203728],[-79.43983,39.217074],[-79.424413,39.228171],[-79.425059,39.233686],[-79.42035,39.23888],[-79.412051,39.240546],[-79.387023,39.26554],[-79.376154,39.273154],[-79.35375,39.278039],[-79.343801,39.286096],[-79.344344,39.293534],[-79.33238,39.299919],[-79.314768,39.304381],[-79.290236,39.299323],[-79.283723,39.30964],[-79.282037,39.323048],[-79.255306,39.335874],[-79.25227,39.356663],[-79.213961,39.36532],[-79.195543,39.38779],[-79.179335,39.388342],[-79.176977,39.39213],[-79.16722,39.393256],[-79.159213,39.413021],[-79.143827,39.408517],[-79.140699,39.416649],[-79.129816,39.419901],[-79.129047,39.429542],[-79.117932,39.434412],[-79.11407,39.443321],[-79.104217,39.448358],[-79.095428,39.462548],[-79.098875,39.471438],[-79.096517,39.472799],[-79.068627,39.474515],[-79.056583,39.471014],[-79.052447,39.482315],[-79.046276,39.483801],[-79.036915,39.476795],[-79.030343,39.465403],[-79.017147,39.466977],[-78.967461,39.439804],[-78.956751,39.440264],[-78.953333,39.463645],[-78.938869,39.4741],[-78.942618,39.479614],[-78.933613,39.48618],[-78.918142,39.485858],[-78.891197,39.5189],[-78.885996,39.522581],[-78.874744,39.522611],[-78.851931,39.551848],[-78.851196,39.559924],[-78.838553,39.5673],[-78.816764,39.561691],[-78.813512,39.56772],[-78.820104,39.576287],[-78.82636,39.577333],[-78.826009,39.588829],[-78.818899,39.59037],[-78.812215,39.597717],[-78.809347,39.608063],[-78.795857,39.606934],[-78.801741,39.627488],[-78.795941,39.637287],[-78.781341,39.636787],[-78.775241,39.645687],[-78.76584,39.648487],[-78.76504,39.646087],[-78.777516,39.621712],[-78.763171,39.618897],[-78.748499,39.626262],[-78.736189,39.621708],[-78.733553,39.615533],[-78.747063,39.60569],[-78.751514,39.609947],[-78.760497,39.609984],[-78.77686,39.604027],[-78.778141,39.601364],[-78.76749,39.587487],[-78.756747,39.58069],[-78.746421,39.579544],[-78.733979,39.586618],[-78.72501,39.563973],[-78.694626,39.553251],[-78.689455,39.54577],[-78.657417,39.535068],[-78.623037,39.539512],[-78.600511,39.533434],[-78.593871,39.535158],[-78.587079,39.52802],[-78.567937,39.519902],[-78.521388,39.52479],[-78.5032,39.518652],[-78.471166,39.516103],[-78.462899,39.52084],[-78.461911,39.532971],[-78.45105,39.536695],[-78.449499,39.542281],[-78.438357,39.538753],[-78.430414,39.549418],[-78.424053,39.546315],[-78.418777,39.548953],[-78.426537,39.559155],[-78.454376,39.574319],[-78.458338,39.580426],[-78.454527,39.588958],[-78.443175,39.591155],[-78.408031,39.578593],[-78.395317,39.584215],[-78.397471,39.590232],[-78.425581,39.607599],[-78.433002,39.61652],[-78.43025,39.62329],[-78.420549,39.624021],[-78.383591,39.608912],[-78.374732,39.608635],[-78.372255,39.6112],[-78.382959,39.622246],[-78.382487,39.628216],[-78.373166,39.630459],[-78.35577,39.626258],[-78.353465,39.628912],[-78.359506,39.638081],[-78.351905,39.640486],[-78.266833,39.618818],[-78.254077,39.640089],[-78.223597,39.661097],[-78.233138,39.672875],[-78.227333,39.676121],[-78.202945,39.676653],[-78.192439,39.689118],[-78.176625,39.695967],[-78.107834,39.682137],[-78.089835,39.671668],[-78.08226,39.671166],[-78.035992,39.63572],[-78.011343,39.604083],[-78.00233,39.600488],[-77.976686,39.599744],[-77.966223,39.607435],[-77.957642,39.608614],[-77.950599,39.603944],[-77.951955,39.592709],[-77.946182,39.584814],[-77.93905,39.587139],[-77.936371,39.594508],[-77.93545,39.608076],[-77.944133,39.614617],[-77.94194,39.61879],[-77.932862,39.617676],[-77.923298,39.604852],[-77.888477,39.597343],[-77.880993,39.602852],[-77.886959,39.613329],[-77.885124,39.615775],[-77.833568,39.602936],[-77.829814,39.587288],[-77.83633,39.56637],[-77.878451,39.563493],[-77.888648,39.558054],[-77.886436,39.551947],[-77.865351,39.538381],[-77.866518,39.520039],[-77.86368,39.515032],[-77.84192,39.51847],[-77.839061,39.531117],[-77.827188,39.530458],[-77.823762,39.525907],[-77.82565,39.516895],[-77.845103,39.505845],[-77.845666,39.498628],[-77.80183,39.489395],[-77.791765,39.490789],[-77.781608,39.499067],[-77.765993,39.495724],[-77.769125,39.490281],[-77.797787,39.47876],[-77.796755,39.472448],[-77.778522,39.463663],[-77.779202,39.460392],[-77.798468,39.46067],[-77.798144,39.455981],[-77.786052,39.444224],[-77.80086,39.440841],[-77.802542,39.435969],[-77.792751,39.430593],[-77.763319,39.428436],[-77.754681,39.424658],[-77.735905,39.389665],[-77.738084,39.386211],[-77.752209,39.383328],[-77.753804,39.379624],[-77.743874,39.359947],[-77.74593,39.353221],[-77.759315,39.345314],[-77.761115,39.339757],[-77.755789,39.333899],[-77.719029,39.321125],[-77.734899,39.312409],[-77.747287,39.295001],[-77.762844,39.258445],[-77.768992,39.256417],[-77.770876,39.24976],[-77.767277,39.24938],[-77.771415,39.236776],[-77.793631,39.210125],[-77.805099,39.174222],[-77.821413,39.15241],[-77.822182,39.139985],[-77.828157,39.132329],[-78.347087,39.466012],[-78.349476,39.462205],[-78.345143,39.459484],[-78.346546,39.442616],[-78.353227,39.436792],[-78.346718,39.427618],[-78.359918,39.409028],[-78.349436,39.397252],[-78.350014,39.392861],[-78.343214,39.388807],[-78.366867,39.35929],[-78.34048,39.353492],[-78.338958,39.349889],[-78.347409,39.343402],[-78.34546,39.341024],[-78.35894,39.319484],[-78.364686,39.317312],[-78.367242,39.310148],[-78.385888,39.294888],[-78.419422,39.257476],[-78.399785,39.244129],[-78.404214,39.241214],[-78.405585,39.231176],[-78.437053,39.199766],[-78.436662,39.196658],[-78.424905,39.193301],[-78.428697,39.187217],[-78.426315,39.182762],[-78.403697,39.167451],[-78.427294,39.152726],[-78.436658,39.141691],[-78.439429,39.132146],[-78.459869,39.113351],[-78.484283,39.107372],[-78.49516,39.100992],[-78.516479,39.081802],[-78.522714,39.071062],[-78.540216,39.060631],[-78.571901,39.031995],[-78.550467,39.018065],[-78.570462,39.001552],[-78.593261,38.971918],[-78.601399,38.96653],[-78.608369,38.969743],[-78.611184,38.976134],[-78.618676,38.974082],[-78.619914,38.981288],[-78.625672,38.982575],[-78.638423,38.966819],[-78.646589,38.968138],[-78.65905,38.947375],[-78.680456,38.925313],[-78.688266,38.92478],[-78.69738,38.915602],[-78.704323,38.915231],[-78.718647,38.904561],[-78.7209,38.909844],[-78.717076,38.936028],[-78.738921,38.927283],[-78.750517,38.916029],[-78.759085,38.900529],[-78.786025,38.887187],[-78.869276,38.762991],[-78.993997,38.850102],[-78.998171,38.847353],[-79.006552,38.823712],[-79.019553,38.817912],[-79.027253,38.792113],[-79.046554,38.792113],[-79.054954,38.785713],[-79.051254,38.773913],[-79.060954,38.756713],[-79.072555,38.747513],[-79.085455,38.724614],[-79.092755,38.702315],[-79.090755,38.692515],[-79.084355,38.686516],[-79.092955,38.659517],[-79.106356,38.656217],[-79.120256,38.660216],[-79.129757,38.655017],[-79.151257,38.620618],[-79.170658,38.56922],[-79.205859,38.524521],[-79.210959,38.507422],[-79.206959,38.503522],[-79.210591,38.492913],[-79.221406,38.484837],[-79.224192,38.477763],[-79.240059,38.469841],[-79.242641,38.454168],[-79.253067,38.455818],[-79.267414,38.438322],[-79.282225,38.432078],[-79.279678,38.424173],[-79.282971,38.418095],[-79.288432,38.42096],[-79.312276,38.411876],[-79.476638,38.457228],[-79.521469,38.533918],[-79.53687,38.550917],[-79.555471,38.560217],[-79.571771,38.563117],[-79.649075,38.591515],[-79.661575,38.567316],[-79.659275,38.562416],[-79.665075,38.560916],[-79.669275,38.549516],[-79.666874,38.538317],[-79.672974,38.528717],[-79.662074,38.515517],[-79.670474,38.507717],[-79.680374,38.510617],[-79.682974,38.501317],[-79.694506,38.494232],[-79.697572,38.487223],[-79.69418,38.478311],[-79.699006,38.475148],[-79.698929,38.469869],[-79.688882,38.458714],[-79.689675,38.431439],[-79.706634,38.41573],[-79.72635,38.38707],[-79.731698,38.373376],[-79.727676,38.371701],[-79.725973,38.363229],[-79.740615,38.354101],[-79.764432,38.356514],[-79.77309,38.335529],[-79.79655,38.32348],[-79.810154,38.306707],[-79.802778,38.292073],[-79.795448,38.290228],[-79.789791,38.281167],[-79.788945,38.268703],[-79.806333,38.259193],[-79.811987,38.260401],[-79.819623,38.248234],[-79.830882,38.249687],[-79.835124,38.241892],[-79.846445,38.240003],[-79.850324,38.233329],[-79.891591,38.204652],[-79.898426,38.193045],[-79.916344,38.186278],[-79.921196,38.180378],[-79.916622,38.177994],[-79.918629,38.172671],[-79.915065,38.168088],[-79.918662,38.15479],[-79.925512,38.150237],[-79.933751,38.135508],[-79.944843,38.131585],[-79.938952,38.111619],[-79.92633,38.107151],[-79.953509,38.081484],[-79.973895,38.040004],[-79.973701,38.032556],[-79.986142,38.014182],[-79.994985,38.007853],[-79.999384,37.995842],[-80.04841,37.957481],[-80.074514,37.942221],[-80.096563,37.918112],[-80.102931,37.918911],[-80.118967,37.903614],[-80.117747,37.89772],[-80.129555,37.894134],[-80.141947,37.882616],[-80.148951,37.886892],[-80.162202,37.875122],[-80.176712,37.854029],[-80.183062,37.850646],[-80.179391,37.839751],[-80.199633,37.827507],[-80.206482,37.81597],[-80.227092,37.798886],[-80.227965,37.791714],[-80.215892,37.781989],[-80.215658,37.777481],[-80.230458,37.778305],[-80.246902,37.768309],[-80.251319,37.762958],[-80.24979,37.757111],[-80.25641,37.756372],[-80.262765,37.738336],[-80.252227,37.727261],[-80.296138,37.691783],[-80.279372,37.657077],[-80.267455,37.646108],[-80.239288,37.637672],[-80.220984,37.627767],[-80.240272,37.606961],[-80.258919,37.595499],[-80.328504,37.564315],[-80.312393,37.546239],[-80.330306,37.536244],[-80.309346,37.527381],[-80.291644,37.536505],[-80.282385,37.533517],[-80.299789,37.508271],[-80.327103,37.495376],[-80.366838,37.484879],[-80.36317,37.480001],[-80.371952,37.474069],[-80.425656,37.449876],[-80.46482,37.426144],[-80.475601,37.422949],[-80.494867,37.43507],[-80.49728,37.444779],[-80.492981,37.457749],[-80.511391,37.481672],[-80.561442,37.469775],[-80.645893,37.422147],[-80.705203,37.394618],[-80.770082,37.372363],[-80.783324,37.392793],[-80.806129,37.398074],[-80.808769,37.406271],[-80.836446,37.424355],[-80.844213,37.423555],[-80.859556,37.429568],[-80.865148,37.419927],[-80.862761,37.411829],[-80.883248,37.383933],[-80.849451,37.346909],[-80.868986,37.338573],[-80.900535,37.315],[-80.947896,37.295872],[-80.966556,37.292158],[-80.980146,37.292743],[-80.982173,37.296023],[-80.979106,37.300581],[-80.996013,37.299545],[-81.112596,37.278497],[-81.167029,37.262881],[-81.225104,37.234874],[-81.320105,37.299323],[-81.362156,37.337687],[-81.366315,37.335927],[-81.374455,37.318614],[-81.386727,37.320474],[-81.394287,37.316411],[-81.398548,37.310635],[-81.396817,37.304498],[-81.40506,37.298794],[-81.416663,37.273214],[-81.448285,37.270575],[-81.480144,37.251121],[-81.492287,37.25096],[-81.497773,37.25719],[-81.50319,37.252579],[-81.507325,37.2338],[-81.544437,37.220761],[-81.5536,37.208443],[-81.67821,37.201483],[-81.686717,37.213105],[-81.695113,37.21357],[-81.71573,37.228771],[-81.716248,37.234321],[-81.723061,37.240493],[-81.738543,37.238264],[-81.744003,37.242528],[-81.740974,37.254052],[-81.747656,37.264329],[-81.757531,37.27001],[-81.757631,37.274003],[-81.774684,37.274807],[-81.789294,37.284416],[-81.793425,37.281674],[-81.793595,37.284838],[-81.803275,37.285916],[-81.819625,37.279411],[-81.83447,37.281763],[-81.833406,37.284535],[-81.838762,37.286343],[-81.849949,37.285227],[-81.853551,37.287701],[-81.85446,37.30657],[-81.859624,37.304765],[-81.86476,37.308404],[-81.859928,37.313965],[-81.878713,37.331753],[-81.892876,37.330134],[-81.899459,37.340277],[-81.916678,37.349346],[-81.928497,37.360645],[-81.926697,37.364618],[-81.936744,37.38073],[-81.928778,37.393845],[-81.930042,37.405291],[-81.923481,37.411379],[-81.93695,37.41992],[-81.940553,37.429058],[-81.935316,37.43639],[-81.938843,37.440463],[-81.945765,37.440214],[-81.949367,37.445687],[-81.965582,37.446918],[-81.976176,37.457186],[-81.984891,37.454315],[-81.99227,37.460916],[-81.996578,37.476705],[-81.989849,37.484879],[-81.977593,37.484603],[-81.964986,37.493488],[-81.953264,37.491763],[-81.951831,37.50205],[-81.945957,37.501901],[-81.941151,37.509483],[-81.92787,37.512118],[-81.926391,37.514207],[-81.933088,37.518968],[-81.936996,37.51423],[-81.944756,37.513657],[-81.947545,37.52753],[-81.943981,37.5303],[-81.95663,37.52849],[-81.959362,37.53522],[-81.967583,37.532815],[-81.965401,37.541171],[-81.970147,37.546504],[-81.987511,37.542835],[-81.992597,37.538323],[-81.999844,37.542579],[-82.007412,37.533677],[-82.013966,37.533564],[-82.018878,37.540572],[-82.028826,37.537667],[-82.042825,37.548361],[-82.042396,37.53577],[-82.046653,37.528193],[-82.048463,37.533962],[-82.064418,37.53687],[-82.064418,37.544516],[-82.073246,37.555023],[-82.102893,37.553046],[-82.101946,37.558106],[-82.116584,37.559588],[-82.121985,37.552763],[-82.131776,37.552423],[-82.133495,37.560711],[-82.144648,37.568315],[-82.127303,37.572681],[-82.124372,37.57641],[-82.127321,37.586667],[-82.131977,37.593537],[-82.156718,37.59279],[-82.156741,37.609202],[-82.168137,37.608495],[-82.1692,37.613028],[-82.164767,37.618292],[-82.167126,37.621818],[-82.176682,37.618202],[-82.18143,37.621842],[-82.181398,37.626798],[-82.172762,37.634008],[-82.177511,37.640417],[-82.174688,37.646529],[-82.177625,37.648956],[-82.185456,37.648933],[-82.191444,37.644378],[-82.187298,37.626935],[-82.21349,37.625408],[-82.2202,37.633912],[-82.21669,37.639956],[-82.223602,37.644554],[-82.225535,37.651947],[-82.23939,37.661465],[-82.257111,37.656749],[-82.272021,37.663782],[-82.282297,37.675826],[-82.288174,37.668227],[-82.294393,37.670448],[-82.294392,37.677957],[-82.304501,37.677157],[-82.297126,37.684228],[-82.302886,37.693683],[-82.296634,37.702403],[-82.310665,37.7133],[-82.318302,37.733053],[-82.333044,37.740969],[-82.311642,37.764294],[-82.331162,37.763125],[-82.333816,37.765391],[-82.323696,37.775028],[-82.335981,37.7745],[-82.339705,37.785509],[-82.377393,37.803009],[-82.385259,37.81741],[-82.396978,37.809014],[-82.401652,37.810091],[-82.39968,37.829935],[-82.407874,37.835499],[-82.412172,37.844793],[-82.420484,37.846809],[-82.41546,37.854132],[-82.424264,37.861709],[-82.407459,37.867475],[-82.417679,37.870658],[-82.421484,37.885652],[-82.432113,37.88991],[-82.438582,37.900256],[-82.464297,37.915038],[-82.468197,37.913847],[-82.471223,37.899358],[-82.474574,37.900295],[-82.474666,37.910388],[-82.487556,37.916975],[-82.481001,37.924303],[-82.49574,37.927043],[-82.501862,37.9332],[-82.500386,37.936518],[-82.48916,37.937963],[-82.4973,37.945491],[-82.48512,37.946044],[-82.471801,37.959119],[-82.484265,37.963646],[-82.484413,37.969895],[-82.46938,37.973059],[-82.464257,37.983412],[-82.471629,37.986826],[-82.482695,37.984014],[-82.487732,37.99833],[-82.515974,37.999929],[-82.525817,38.026406],[-82.538639,38.037381],[-82.537293,38.045204],[-82.543916,38.052133],[-82.551259,38.070799],[-82.559598,38.072837],[-82.565736,38.08064],[-82.574075,38.082104],[-82.584039,38.090663],[-82.587782,38.108879],[-82.606589,38.120843],[-82.619452,38.120745],[-82.621167,38.131996],[-82.636466,38.13786],[-82.638947,38.156742],[-82.644739,38.165487],[-82.642997,38.16956],[-82.611343,38.171548],[-82.599326,38.197231],[-82.598437,38.217393],[-82.608944,38.22366],[-82.61252,38.234553],[-82.607131,38.245975],[-82.586061,38.245616],[-82.574656,38.263873],[-82.5746,38.274721],[-82.582823,38.295478],[-82.572893,38.311981],[-82.572691,38.318801],[-82.576936,38.328275],[-82.597979,38.344909],[-82.597524,38.364843],[-82.593008,38.375082],[-82.599273,38.388738],[-82.595001,38.40133],[-82.596281,38.417681],[-82.593673,38.421809],[-82.577176,38.40877],[-82.540199,38.403666],[-82.404882,38.439347],[-82.381773,38.434783],[-82.330335,38.4445],[-82.318111,38.457876],[-82.304223,38.496308],[-82.303971,38.517683],[-82.295671,38.538483],[-82.291271,38.578983],[-82.27427,38.593683],[-82.26207,38.598183],[-82.205171,38.591719],[-82.188767,38.594984],[-82.177267,38.603784],[-82.172066,38.619284],[-82.172667,38.629684],[-82.190867,38.680383],[-82.182467,38.708782],[-82.188268,38.734082],[-82.198882,38.757725],[-82.220449,38.773739],[-82.221566,38.787187],[-82.20929,38.802672],[-82.191172,38.815137],[-82.16157,38.824632],[-82.144867,38.84048],[-82.139224,38.86502],[-82.145267,38.883479],[-82.143167,38.898079],[-82.128866,38.909979],[-82.111666,38.932579],[-82.109065,38.945579],[-82.091565,38.973778],[-82.051563,38.994378],[-82.035963,39.025478],[-82.017562,39.030078],[-82.002261,39.027878],[-81.987061,39.011978],[-81.979371,38.993193],[-81.951447,38.996032],[-81.933186,38.987659],[-81.89847,38.929603],[-81.926671,38.901311],[-81.928352,38.895371],[-81.910312,38.879294],[-81.898541,38.874582],[-81.889233,38.874279],[-81.855971,38.892734],[-81.845312,38.910088],[-81.844486,38.928746],[-81.827354,38.945898],[-81.814235,38.946168],[-81.785647,38.926193],[-81.762659,38.924121],[-81.756975,38.937152],[-81.778845,38.955892],[-81.78182,38.964935],[-81.774062,38.993682],[-81.765153,39.002579],[-81.764253,39.015279],[-81.772854,39.026179],[-81.803355,39.047678],[-81.811655,39.059578],[-81.813855,39.079278],[-81.803055,39.083878],[-81.775554,39.078378],[-81.760753,39.084078],[-81.747253,39.095378],[-81.742953,39.106578],[-81.743565,39.141933],[-81.755815,39.180524],[-81.737085,39.193836],[-81.726973,39.215068],[-81.700908,39.220844],[-81.692395,39.226443],[-81.69638,39.257035],[-81.683627,39.270939],[-81.670187,39.275963],[-81.643178,39.277195],[-81.621305,39.273643],[-81.603352,39.275531],[-81.585559,39.268747],[-81.570247,39.267675],[-81.565247,39.276175],[-81.557547,39.338774],[-81.542346,39.352874],[-81.503189,39.373242],[-81.473188,39.40017],[-81.456143,39.409274],[-81.435642,39.408474],[-81.412706,39.394618],[-81.406689,39.38809],[-81.393794,39.351706],[-81.384556,39.343449],[-81.375961,39.341697],[-81.347567,39.34577],[-81.270716,39.385914],[-81.24184,39.390276],[-81.217315,39.38759],[-81.211654,39.392977],[-81.208231,39.407147],[-81.185946,39.430731],[-81.170634,39.439175],[-81.138134,39.443775],[-81.128533,39.449375],[-81.100833,39.487175],[-81.070594,39.515991],[-80.970436,39.590127],[-80.925841,39.617396],[-80.892208,39.616756],[-80.88036,39.620706],[-80.866647,39.652616],[-80.863698,39.691724],[-80.833882,39.703497],[-80.829764,39.711839],[-80.831551,39.719475],[-80.846091,39.737812],[-80.865339,39.753251],[-80.869092,39.766364],[-80.863048,39.775197],[-80.826079,39.798584],[-80.822181,39.811708],[-80.826124,39.844238],[-80.790761,39.86728],[-80.793989,39.882787],[-80.809011,39.903226],[-80.806018,39.91713],[-80.795714,39.91969],[-80.762592,39.908906],[-80.756432,39.91393],[-80.764479,39.95025],[-80.758527,39.959241],[-80.740126,39.970793],[-80.742045,40.005641],[-80.730904,40.046672],[-80.738604,40.075672],[-80.730704,40.086472],[-80.710203,40.099572],[-80.706702,40.110872],[-80.710042,40.138311],[-80.704602,40.154823],[-80.686137,40.181607],[-80.6681,40.199671],[-80.661543,40.229798],[-80.652098,40.24497],[-80.619297,40.26517],[-80.614896,40.291969],[-80.602895,40.307069],[-80.599895,40.317669],[-80.612796,40.347668],[-80.607595,40.369568],[-80.609695,40.374968],[-80.63074,40.3849],[-80.633596,40.390467],[-80.612195,40.402667],[-80.612295,40.434867],[-80.596094,40.463366],[-80.595494,40.475266],[-80.618003,40.502049],[-80.627507,40.535793],[-80.666917,40.573664],[-80.667781,40.578096],[-80.662564,40.5916],[-80.651716,40.597744],[-80.634355,40.616095],[-80.598764,40.625263],[-80.576736,40.614224],[-80.551126,40.628847],[-80.518991,40.638801],[-80.519342,39.721403],[-80.075947,39.72135]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"West Virginia\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"37","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689bae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bullock, G. L.","contributorId":69498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullock","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stuckey, H. M.","contributorId":60157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckey","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014410,"text":"1014410 - 1975 - Effect of egg development at planting on chinook salmon survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-06T16:50:33.938912","indexId":"1014410","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of egg development at planting on chinook salmon survival","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[231:EOEDAP]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Thomas, A.E., 1975, Effect of egg development at planting on chinook salmon survival: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 37, no. 4, p. 231-233, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[231:EOEDAP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"231","endPage":"233","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Abernathy Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.19499272070615,\n 46.29209085802779\n ],\n [\n -123.19499272070615,\n 46.19336666202631\n ],\n [\n -123.05954536309827,\n 46.19336666202631\n ],\n [\n -123.05954536309827,\n 46.29209085802779\n ],\n [\n -123.19499272070615,\n 46.29209085802779\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db6256fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Allan E.","contributorId":90363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013981,"text":"1013981 - 1975 - Improved growth and survival of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) hatched in drums packed with a labyrinthine plastic substrate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-06T16:14:27.823201","indexId":"1013981","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improved growth and survival of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) hatched in drums packed with a labyrinthine plastic substrate","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[158:IGASOJ]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Leon, K.A., 1975, Improved growth and survival of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) hatched in drums packed with a labyrinthine plastic substrate: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 37, no. 3, p. 158-163, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[158:IGASOJ]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"158","endPage":"163","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131941,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","city":"East Orland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.69312432280361,\n 44.57489059612388\n ],\n [\n -68.69312432280361,\n 44.56211755032072\n ],\n [\n -68.6689144498731,\n 44.56211755032072\n ],\n [\n -68.6689144498731,\n 44.57489059612388\n ],\n [\n -68.69312432280361,\n 44.57489059612388\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5d38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leon, Kenneth A.","contributorId":6805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leon","given":"Kenneth","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1014474,"text":"1014474 - 1975 - Practical diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fry and fingerlings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-06T16:29:29.659961","indexId":"1014474","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Practical diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fry and fingerlings","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[253:PDFASS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Rumsey, G.L., and Ketola, H.G., 1975, Practical diets for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fry and fingerlings: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 37, no. 4, p. 253-256, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[253:PDFASS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"256","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131617,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.90936700521146,\n 44.81036480388045\n ],\n [\n -68.90936700521146,\n 44.42607554784175\n ],\n [\n -68.74448302855438,\n 44.42607554784175\n ],\n [\n -68.74448302855438,\n 44.81036480388045\n ],\n [\n -68.90936700521146,\n 44.81036480388045\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad3e4b07f02db681e22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rumsey, G. L.","contributorId":80604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rumsey","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ketola, H. G.","contributorId":60976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketola","given":"H.","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014414,"text":"1014414 - 1975 - Migration of chinook salmon fry from simulated incubation channels in relation to water temperature, flow, and turbidity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-06T16:54:52.064939","indexId":"1014414","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration of chinook salmon fry from simulated incubation channels in relation to water temperature, flow, and turbidity","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[219:MOCSFF]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Thomas, A.E., 1975, Migration of chinook salmon fry from simulated incubation channels in relation to water temperature, flow, and turbidity: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 37, no. 4, p. 219-223, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[219:MOCSFF]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"223","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129600,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Abernathy Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.19499272070615,\n 46.29209085802779\n ],\n [\n -123.19499272070615,\n 46.19336666202631\n ],\n [\n -123.05954536309827,\n 46.19336666202631\n ],\n [\n -123.05954536309827,\n 46.29209085802779\n ],\n [\n -123.19499272070615,\n 46.29209085802779\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db6354e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Allan E.","contributorId":90363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1003385,"text":"1003385 - 1975 - Controlling grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) with antimycin, rotenone, and thanite and by electrofishing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-06T16:08:55.593255","indexId":"1003385","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controlling grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) with antimycin, rotenone, and thanite and by electrofishing","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[81:CGCCIW]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Cumming, K.B., Burress, R.M., and Gilderhus, P.A., 1975, Controlling grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) with antimycin, rotenone, and thanite and by electrofishing: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 37, no. 2, p. 81-84, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[81:CGCCIW]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"84","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130559,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","city":"Stuttgart","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.65569891566867,\n 34.5692179268507\n ],\n [\n -91.65569891566867,\n 34.46089931089341\n ],\n [\n -91.46622798023698,\n 34.46089931089341\n ],\n [\n -91.46622798023698,\n 34.5692179268507\n ],\n [\n -91.65569891566867,\n 34.5692179268507\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686630","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cumming, Kenneth B.","contributorId":24309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cumming","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burress, Ralph M.","contributorId":35687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burress","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilderhus, Philip A.","contributorId":88314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilderhus","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1003384,"text":"1003384 - 1975 - A solenoid-actuated chemical-metering apparatus for use in flow-through toxicity tests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-06T16:02:22.965617","indexId":"1003384","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A solenoid-actuated chemical-metering apparatus for use in flow-through toxicity tests","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[93:ASCAFU]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Chandler, J.H., and Partridge, S., 1975, A solenoid-actuated chemical-metering apparatus for use in flow-through toxicity tests: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 37, no. 2, p. 93-95, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1975)37[93:ASCAFU]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"95","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130558,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"37","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a63f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chandler, Jack H. Jr.","contributorId":48224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chandler","given":"Jack","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Partridge, S.K.","contributorId":21496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Partridge","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70001244,"text":"70001244 - 1975 - Geologic setting of Boulder 1, Station 2, Apollo 17 landing site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-05T15:01:11.542884","indexId":"70001244","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:32","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3569,"text":"The Moon","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic setting of Boulder 1, Station 2, Apollo 17 landing site","docAbstract":"Boulder 1 at Station 2 is one of three boulders sampled by Apollo 17 at the base of the South Massif, which rises 2.3 km above the floor of a linear valley interpreted as a graben formed by deformation related to the southern Serenitatis impact. The boulders probably rolled from the upper part of the massif after emplacement of the light mantle. Orbital gravity data and photogeologic reinterpretation suggest that the Apollo 17 area is located approximately on the third ring of the southern Serenitatis basin, approximately 1.25 times larger than the analogous but fresher Orientale basin structure. The massif exposures are interpreted to represent the upper part of thick ejecta deposited by the southern Serenitatis impact near the rim of the transient cavity. Basin ring structure and the radial grabens that give the massifs definition were imposed on this ejecta at a slightly later stage in the basin-forming process. There is no clear-cut compositional, textural, or photogeologic evidence that Imbrium ejecta was collected at the Apollo 17 site.
CARBONACEOUS chondrites, although comprising only about 2% of known meteorites, are extremely interesting for scientific investigation. Their mineral constitution, and the correspondence between their bulk chemical composition and the solar abundance of condensable elements, indicate that minimum chemical fractionation and thermal alteration have occurred. The mineral phases observed in these primitive chondrites are sufficiently unique, with respect to other meteorite classes, to have elicited considerable speculation about the physical environment in which they formed1–7.
Similar precursory phenomena have been observed before earthquakes in the United States, the Soviet Union, Japan, and China. Two quite different physical models are used to explain these phenomena. According to a model developed by US seismologists, the so-called dilatancy diffusion model, the earthquake occurs near maximum stress, following a period of dilatant crack expansion. Diffusion of water in and out of the dilatant volume is required to explain the recovery of seismic velocity before the earthquake. According to a model developed by Soviet scientists growth of cracks is also involved but diffusion of water in and out of the focal region is not required. With this model, the earthquake is assumed to occur during a period of falling stress and recovery of velocity here is due to crack closure as stress relaxes. In general, the dilatancy diffusion model gives a peaked precursor form, whereas the dry model gives a bay form, in which recovery is well under way before the earthquake. A number of field observations should help to distinguish between the two models: study of post-earthquake recovery, time variation of stress and pore pressure in the focal region, the occurrence of pre-existing faults, and any changes in direction of precursory phenomena during the anomalous period.
Nine U-Th-Pb whole-rock analyses of selected brecciated materials from sample 72215 and one analysis of a pigeonite basalt clast from 72275 are presented. Both samples are from Boulder 1, Apollo 17. These data supplement previous Boulder 1 U-Th-Pb analyses of samples 72275 and 72255. U and Th concentrations indicate that most of the samples contain a moderate to large KREEP component. Samples containing the least KREEP are a noritic clast (72255,49; Civet Cat clast) and an anorthositic clast (72275,117). Evidence for the migration of Pb from Pb-rich matrix material into relatively Pb-poor clasts is presented for two clasts.
Most of the Boulder 1 data define a linear trend that intersects concordia at ∼ 3.9 and 4.4 b.y. when plotted on a U-Pb concordia diagram. The presence of one anorthositic clast distinctly off this trend indicates that a simple two-stage U-Pb evolution history is inadequate to explain all the data. Accordingly physical significance is only attached to the lower concordia intercept age of 3.9–4.0 b.y. The older concordia intercept age of ∼ 4.4 b.y. is interpreted to reflect an averaging of events both older and younger than 4.4 b.y.
The data suggest that significant differentiation and/or metamorphism occurred ∼ 4.2 b.y. ago. The age of this event, however, is not accurately defined by these data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00569676","issn":"00270903","usgsCitation":"Nunes, P., and Tatsumoto, M., 1975, U-Th-Pb systematics of selected samples from Apollo 17, Boulder 1, Station 2: The Moon, v. 14, no. 3-4, p. 463-471, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00569676.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"463","endPage":"471","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":498895,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00569676","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":203280,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4dc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nunes, P.D.","contributorId":18487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nunes","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tatsumoto, M.","contributorId":76798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tatsumoto","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70001235,"text":"70001235 - 1975 - Ages of fossil bones from British interglacial sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-12T13:43:37.253982","indexId":"70001235","displayToPublicDate":"2010-09-28T23:09:32","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ages of fossil bones from British interglacial sites","docAbstract":"THE time gap between the upper limit of radiocarbon dating (≈60,000 yr BP) and the lower limit of dates generally obtainable using the K–Ar method (≈250,000 yr BP) accounts for the scarcity of dates for the last two interglaciations (the Ipswichian and Hoxnian of Britain; the Eemian and Holsteinian of northern Europe). Accordingly, the ages of such important fossils as the Swanscombe and Steinheim skulls can only be guessed at. For that reason, the adaptation of a method that may date these interglacial periods is highly desirable. We discuss here the application of a uranium-series dating technique pertaining to that span of time.
TELESEISMIC P waves recorded by a short-period seismic network, comprising 12 stations, in Yellowstone National Park, show anomalous delays of 1–2 s in their travel times in the central region of the park relative to the surrounding area. To explain this phenomenon, I propose that a substantial body of low velocity material is present beneath the park, with horizontal dimensions of several tens of kilometres; it may be the magma chamber associated with the volcanism of Yellowstone (ref. 1, and G. P. Eaton et al., unpublished).
WHILE growing oats at different temperatures in water of different 18O and deuterium (D) abundances, we noticed that oats grown in Antarctic water in which is depleted in 18O and D by −49‰ and −400‰, relative to standard mean ocean water (SMOW used as a comparative reference in hydrogen and oxygen isotope studies), showed initial growth 1–2 weeks sooner than did oats grown in water containing greater 18O and D concentrations. The oats seemed to grow better in water which was most depleted in the stable isotopes throughout the growth period.
Chemical analyses from two short cores in Lake Monona show that pronounced changes in chemical stratigraphy have occurred since white man moved into Madison and southern Wisconsin and began modifying the area. Since the mid to late 1800's, there has been an appreciable increase in P, Fe, Mn, Al, and K in the uppermost sediments. Maximum concentrations of P were observed near the turn of the century and in the most recent sediment layers.
Clinoenstatite (CE) was produced by deforming single-crystal specimens of ortho-enstatite (OE) in several different sorta of experiments. Examination with light and trans-mission electron microscopes shows that the transformation is coherent and involves a macroscopic shear on (100) [001] through an angle of 12.8±1.3 °, in good agreement with the theoretically expected value of 13.3 °, and that the transformation is accomplished by glide on (100) of partial dislocations with b= 0.83[001]. Structural analysis provides further insight into the transformation mechanism. Reversion occurs in specimens annealed under a variety of conditions, and thin lamellae of CE in unconstrained, low-strain specimens recover their original shape during transformation back to OE. Our experiments and thermodynamic estimates both suggest that the equilibrium transition temperature is raised roughly 300 ° C per kilobar of shear stress on (100) [001]. This provides the basis of a method by which it may be possible to determine the magnitude as well as the orientation of the principal stresses that produce CE in nature during deformation of enstatite-bearing rocks.
The rate at which petroleum deposits were discovered during a 16-yr period (1957–72) was examined in relation to changes in a suite of economic and physical variables. The study area encompasses 11,000 mi2 and is located on the eastern flank of the Powder River Basin. A two-stage multiple-regression model was used as a basis for this analysis. The variables employed in this model were: (1) the yearly wildcat drilling rate, (2) a measure of the extent of the physical exhaustion of the resource base of the region, (3) a proxy for the discovery expectation of the exploration operators active in the region, (4) an exploration price/cost ratio, and (5) the expected depths of the exploration targets sought. The rate at which wildcat wells were drilled was strongly correlated with the discovery expectation of the exploration operators. Small additional variations in the wildcat drilling rate were explained by the price/cost ratio and target-depth variables. The number of deposits discovered each year was highly dependent on the wildcat drilling rate, but the aggregate quantity of petroleum discovered each year was independent of the wildcat drilling rate. The independence between these last two variables is a consequence of the cyclical behavior of the exploration play mechanism. Although the discovery success ratio declined sharply during the initial phases of the two exploration plays which developed in the study area, a learning effect occurred whereby the discovery success ratio improved steadily with the passage of time during both exploration plays.
Lead isotopic analyses of a suite of basaltic rocks from the Juan de Fuca-Gorda Ridge and nearby seamounts confirm an isotopically heterogeneous mantle known since 1966. The process of mixing during partial melting of a heterogeneous mantle necessarily produces linear data arrays that can be interpreted as secondary isochrons. Moreover, the position of the entire lead isotope array, with respect to the geochron, requires that U/Pb and Th/Pb values are progressively increased over the age of the earth. Partial melting theory also dictates analogous behavior for the other incompatible trace elements. This process explains not only the LIL element character of MOR basalts, but also duplicates the spread of radiogenic lead data collected from alkali-rich oceanic basalts. This dynamic, open-system model of lead isotopic and chemical evolution of the mantle is believed to be the direct result of tectonic flow and convective overturn within the mantle and is compatible with geophysical models of a dynamic earth.
The continuous monitoring of surface deformation near active faults is clearly necessary for an understanding of elastic strain accumulation and elastic and anelastic strain release associated with earthquakes. Fourteen 2-component tiltmeters have been installed in shallow boreholes along 85 km of the currently most active section of the San Andreas fault in the western United States. These instruments operate at a sensitivity of 10−8 radians. Five of these tiltmeters, extending along one 35 km section of the fault, have been in operation since June 1973. The results indicate that regional tectonic tilting has occurred before more than ten individual earthquakes or groups of earthquakes with epicenters within ten earthquake source dimensions of one or more instruments. This tilting has a time scale of up to a month depending on earthquake magnitude. The amplitude of these tilts exceeds by almost an order of magnitude that expected from a dislocation model of the source using seismically determined parameters. No indication of rapid or accelerated tilt just prior to these earthquakes has been seen.
Siderophilic element/Ir ratios are higher in mature lunar soils from highlands sites than in those from mare sites. We infer that the population of materials responsible for the early intense bombardment of the Moon had high ratios, and that the population responsible for the essentially constant flux has low ratios. No group of chondrites has siderophile/Ir ratios identical to those in the mare or highlands soils; CM chondrites are the most similar, and CM-like materials may account for a major fraction of Earth-crossing materials during the past 3.7 b.y.
Siderophile/Ir ratios may be used to determine the amount of highlands regolith in soils or breccias from the mare-highlands interface areas (Apollo 15 and 17), and to infer the time of formation of highlands breccias whose sideropbiles originated in mature soils. Arguments are summarized against the viewpoint that the siderophiles in most highlands breccias originated in basin-forming projectiles. Differences in mature soil siderophile concentrations at Apollo 14 and 16 indicate a substantially greater concentration at the latter site immediately following the Imbrium event.
Siderophile concentrations are used to estimate mean regolith depths at the landing sites; as relative values these are more precise than estimates based on seismic or crater observations. The longlived flux is calculated to be 2.9 g cm−2 b.y.−1 averaged over the past 3.7 b.y. A consideration of the relationship between mass fluence and time indicates that the mass flux decreased with a half-life of about 40 m.y. immediately following the Imbrium event.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00567511","issn":"00270903","usgsCitation":"Wasson, J.T., Boynton, W.V., Chou, C.L., and Baedecker, P.A., 1975, Compositional evidence regarding the influx of interplanetary materials onto the lunar surface: The Moon, v. 13, no. 1-3, p. 121-141, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00567511.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"141","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":203774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"the Moon","volume":"13","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db69984b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wasson, J. T.","contributorId":99269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wasson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boynton, W. V.","contributorId":44274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boynton","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chou, C. L.","contributorId":32655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baedecker, Philip A.","contributorId":57835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedecker","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":346703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}