Topographic profiles across late Quaternary surfaces in the northern Sacramento Valley (California, USA) show offset and progressive folding on series of active east- and northeast—trending faults and folds. Optically stimulated luminescence ages on deposits draping a warped late Pleistocene river terrace yielded differential incision rates along the Sacramento River and indicate tectonic uplift equal to 0.2 ± 0.1 and 0.6 ± 0.2 mm/yr above the anticline of the Inks Creek fold system and Red Bluff fault, respectively. Uplift rates correspond to a total of 1.3 ± 0.4 mm/yr of north-directed crustal shortening, accounting for all of the geodetically observed contractional strain in the northern Sacramento Valley, but only part of the far-field contraction between the Sierra Nevada–Great Valley and Oregon Coast blocks. These structures define the southern limit of the transpressional transition between the two blocks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G48114.1","usgsCitation":"Angster, S.J., Wesnousky, S.G., Figueiredo, P., Owen, L., and Sawyer, T., 2021, Characterizing strain between rigid crustal blocks in the southern Cascadia forearc: Quaternary faults and folds of the northern Sacramento Valley, California: Geology, v. 49, no. 4, p. 387-391, https://doi.org/10.1130/G48114.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"391","ipdsId":"IP-119779","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/g48114.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382460,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.211669921875,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -120.82763671875,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -120.82763671875,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n -123.211669921875,\n 41.21172151054787\n ],\n [\n -123.211669921875,\n 38.65119833229951\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angster, Stephen J. 0000-0001-9250-8415","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9250-8415","contributorId":225610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angster","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wesnousky, Steven G.","contributorId":193416,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wesnousky","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":33746,"text":"Center for Neotectonic Studies, Reno, NV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Figueiredo, Paula","contributorId":248217,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Figueiredo","given":"Paula","affiliations":[{"id":49830,"text":"North Carolina University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Owen, Lewis A.","contributorId":138784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Owen","given":"Lewis A.","affiliations":[{"id":6694,"text":"Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sawyer, Thomas","contributorId":248218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[{"id":49833,"text":"Piedmont GeoSciences Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70216892,"text":"70216892 - 2021 - The impact of ventilation patterns on calcite dissolution rates within karst conduits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-30T14:53:23.957547","indexId":"70216892","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-10T08:47:42","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The impact of ventilation patterns on calcite dissolution rates within karst conduits","docAbstract":"Erosion rates in streams vary dramatically over time, as differences in streamflow and sediment load enhance or inhibit erosion processes. Within cave streams, and other bedrock channels incising soluble rocks, changes in water chemistry are an important factor in determining how erosion rates will vary in both time and space. Prior studies in surface streams, springs, and caves suggest that variation in dissolved CO2 is the strongest control on variation in calcite dissolution rates. However, the controls on CO2 variation remain poorly quantified. Limited data suggest that ventilation of karst systems can substantially influence dissolved CO2 within karst conduits. However, the interactions among cave ventilation, air-water CO2 exchange, and dissolution dynamics have not been studied in detail. In this study, three years of time series measurements of dissolved and gaseous CO2, cave airflow velocity, and specific conductance from Blowing Springs Cave, Arkansas, were analyzed and used to estimate continuous calcite dissolution rates and quantify the correlations between those rates and potential physical and chemical drivers. We find that chimney effect airflow creates temperature-driven switches in airflow direction, and that the resulting seasonal changes in airflow regulate both gaseous and dissolved CO2 within the cave. As in previous studies, partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) is the strongest chemical control of dissolution rate variability. However, we also show that cave airflow direction, rather than streamflow, is the strongest physical driver of changes in dissolution rate, contrary to the typical situation in surface channel erosion where floods largely determine the timing and extent of geomorphic work. At the study site, chemical erosion is typically active in the summer, during periods of cave downdraft (airflow from upper to lower entrances), and inactive in the winter, during updraft (airflow from lower to upper entrances). Storms provide only minor perturbations to this overall pattern. We also find that airflow direction modulates dissolution rate variation during storms, with higher storm variability during updraft than during downdraft. Finally, we compare our results with the limited set of other studies that have examined dissolution rate variation within cave streams and draw an initial hypothesis that evolution of cave ventilation patterns strongly impacts how dissolution rate dynamics evolve over the lifetime of karst conduits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125824","usgsCitation":"Covington, M.D., Knierim, K.J., Young, H.H., Rodriguez, J., and Gnoza, H., 2021, The impact of ventilation patterns on calcite dissolution rates within karst conduits: Journal of Hydrology, v. 593, 125824, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125824.","productDescription":"125824, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118284","costCenters":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381252,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Missouri","city":"Bella Vista","otherGeospatial":"Blowing Springs Cave","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.47624206542969,\n 36.380937621825886\n ],\n [\n -94.13360595703125,\n 36.380937621825886\n ],\n [\n -94.13360595703125,\n 36.61111838494165\n ],\n [\n -94.47624206542969,\n 36.61111838494165\n ],\n [\n -94.47624206542969,\n 36.380937621825886\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"593","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Covington, Matthew D.","contributorId":192015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Covington","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":806758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knierim, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5361-4132 kknierim@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5361-4132","contributorId":191788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knierim","given":"Katherine","email":"kknierim@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Young, Holly H","contributorId":222433,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"H","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rodriguez, Josue","contributorId":245654,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Josue","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gnoza, Hannah","contributorId":245655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gnoza","given":"Hannah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6623,"text":"University of Arkansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70216939,"text":"70216939 - 2021 - Effect of temperature, nitrate concentration, pH and bicarbonate addition on biomass and lipid accumulation in the sporulating green alga PW95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-17T14:16:12.365392","indexId":"70216939","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-10T08:13:07","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5275,"text":"Algal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of temperature, nitrate concentration, pH and bicarbonate addition on biomass and lipid accumulation in the sporulating green alga PW95","docAbstract":"The mixed effects of temperature (20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C), nitrate concentration (0.5 mM and 2.0 mM), pH buffer, and bicarbonate addition (trigger) on biomass growth and lipid accumulation were investigated in the environmental alga PW95 during batch experiments in standardized growth medium. PW95 was isolated from coal-bed methane production water and classified as a Chlamydomonas-like species by morphological characterization and phylogenetic analysis (18S, ITS, rbcL). A factorial experimental design tested the mixed effects on PW95 before and after nitrate depletion to determine a low cost, high efficiency combination of treatments for biomass growth and lipid accumulation. Results showed buffer addition affected growth for most of the treatments and bicarbonate trigger had no statistically significant effect on growth and lipid accumulation. PW95 displayed the highest growth rate and chlorophyll content at 30 °C and 2.0 mM nitrate and there was an inverse relation between biomass accumulation and lipid accumulation at the extremes of nitrate concentration and temperature. The combination of higher temperature (30 °C) and lower nitrate level (0.5 mM) without the use of a buffer or bicarbonate addition resulted in maximal daily biomass accumulation (5.30 × 106 cells/mL), high biofuel potential before and after nitrate depletion (27% and 20%), higher biofuel productivity (16 and 15 mg/L/d, respectively), and desirable fatty acid profiles (saturated and unsaturated C16 and C18 chains). Our results indicate an important interaction between low nitrate levels, temperature, and elevated pH for trade-offs between biomass and lipid production in PW95. This work serves as a model to approach and advance the study of physiological responses of novel microalgae to diverse culture conditions that mimic environmental changes for outdoor biofuel production. The most promising conditions for growth and biofuel production were identified for PW95 and this approach can be implemented for other microalgal production systems.
Forecasting heightened magmatic activity is key to assessing and mitigating global volcanic hazards, including eruptions from lateral rift zones at basaltic volcanoes. At Kı-lauea volcano, Hawai’i (United States), planar dikes intrude its east rift zone (ERZ) and repeatedly affect the same segments. Here we show that Kı-lauea’s upper and middle ERZ dikes in the last four decades intruded at regular intervals of ∼8 or ∼14 yr. Segments with shorter recurrence intervals are adjacent to faster-moving parts of the flank, and ∼1–5 MPa of tension accumulates from flank spreading in the time between dike events. Intrusion frequency was neither advanced nor delayed during magma supply variations, supporting the role of long-term flank motion on the timing of dike intrusions. Although fewer historical dikes have occurred near the 2018 CE eruption site in the lower ERZ and the adjacent slowly sliding lower eastern flank, similar tension accumulated between the 1955 and 2018 eruptions. Regular dike intrusion recurrence intervals indicate the importance of including both extrusive and (commonly neglected) intrusive activity in eruption hazard analyses.
The introduction of exotic species has the potential to cause resource competition with native species and may lead to competitive exclusion when resources are limiting. On the other hand, information is lacking to predict under what alternate trophic conditions coexistence may occur. Comparing diets of native yellow perch Perca flavescens and nonindigenous white perch Morone americana, we examined variation in resource partitioning and body condition across a prominent longitudinal nutrient gradient in Lake Erie (north‐eastern United States, Canada). As measured with Analysis of Similarity and Schoener's index, diet similarity declined monotonically from west to east tracking declines in nutrients, productivity and relative abundance of both species. Additionally, diet similarity increased from spring through fall, following seasonal development of stratification and hypolimnetic hypoxia—phenomena which tend to increase spatial overlap between these species. Finally, relative weights of both species peaked in the Central Basin (relative weights > 0.85), which, on average, had intermediate values of prey diversity, ecosystem trophic status and water clarity. Our results highlight that native yellow perch coexist with invasive white perch under a wide range of trophic conditions. Of importance to fishery managers, mesotrophy in the Central Basin correlated with the highest body conditions and intermediate prey resource partitioning, although the effect size was small and variable. While competitive exclusion appears unlikely, the goal of reducing nutrient inputs in Lake Erie could affect not only the distributions of both species but also stakeholder decisions about where to fish.
","language":"English","doi":"10.1111/eff.12586","usgsCitation":"Kraus, R., Schmitt, J., and Keretz, K.R., 2021, Resource partitioning across a trophic gradient between a freshwater fish and an intraguild exotic: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 30, no. 3, p. 320-333, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12586.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"320","endPage":"333","ipdsId":"IP-112101","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.2548828125,\n 42.65012181368022\n ],\n [\n -83.07861328125,\n 42.16340342422401\n ],\n [\n -83.5400390625,\n 41.64007838467894\n ],\n [\n -81.71630859375,\n 41.36031866306708\n ],\n [\n -79.98046875,\n 42.08191667830631\n ],\n [\n -78.7060546875,\n 42.8115217450979\n ],\n [\n -79.47509765625,\n 42.89206418807337\n ],\n [\n -81.2548828125,\n 42.65012181368022\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kraus, Richard 0000-0003-4494-1841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1841","contributorId":216548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmitt, Joseph 0000-0002-8354-4067","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-4067","contributorId":221020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keretz, Kevin R. 0000-0002-4808-8350 kkeretz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4808-8350","contributorId":5859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keretz","given":"Kevin","email":"kkeretz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":17848,"text":"Mississippi State University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":806929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70217253,"text":"70217253 - 2021 - Examining the potential conflict between sea otter recovery and Dungeness crab fisheries in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-14T13:38:15.995228","indexId":"70217253","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-10T07:34:25","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Examining the potential conflict between sea otter recovery and Dungeness crab fisheries in California","docAbstract":"Human exploitation of marine mammals led to precipitous declines in many wild populations within the last three centuries. Legal protections enacted throughout the 20th century have enabled the recovery of many of these species and some recoveries have resulted in conflict with humans for shared resources. With legal protections and reintroduction programs, the southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) has returned to portions of its former range from which it had been extirpated for decades, causing concern that the Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fishery could be negatively affected by increasing otter range and population size. The Dungeness crab fishery is one of the most valuable in California, and these crabs are a known prey item of sea otters. We examine sea otter population growth by port region in relation to Dungeness crab catch using landing receipts since the early 1980s. We find Dungeness crab landings and fishing success, as measured by landings per trip receipt, increased across all ports. In the most recent decade, we observed slower growth in fishing success in northern ports where otters were absent, relative to southern ports where sea otters exist and their populations have grown. In ports where otters were present, fishing success was positively correlated with otter population size over time. Further, an extensive dataset of 83,000 sea otter foraging dives identified Dungeness crab to be less than 2% of the total diet. Though we find no evidence that sea otter populations impact the Dungeness crab fishery in California, other potential conflicts could be considered before expanding reintroduction programs.
Coastal subsidence contributes to relative sea-level rise and exacerbates flooding hazards, with the at-risk population expected to triple by 2070. Natural processes of vertical land motion, such as tectonics, glacial isostatic adjustment and sediment compaction, as well as anthropogenic processes, such as fluid extraction, lead to globally variable subsidence rates. In this Review, we discuss the key physical processes driving vertical land motion in coastal areas. Use of space-borne and land-based techniques and the associated uncertainties for monitoring subsidence are examined, as are physics-based models used to explain contemporary subsidence rates and to obtain future projections. Steady and comparatively low rates of subsidence and uplift owing to tectonic processes and glacial isostatic adjustment can be assumed for the twenty-first century. By contrast, much higher and variable subsidence rates occur owing to compaction associated with sediment loading and fluid extraction, as well as large earthquakes. These rates can be up to two orders of magnitude higher than the present-day rate of global sea-level rise. Multi-objective predictive models are required to account for the underlying physical processes and socio-economic factors that drive subsidence.
Mountain lakes, while seemingly pristine, have been subjected to historical fish stocking practices and exposure to atmospherically deposited contaminants like mercury. Mercury bioaccumulation in these ecosystems varies widely due to strong environmental gradients, and there are complex, hierarchical factors that affect mercury transport and loading, methylmercury production, and food web biomagnification. We sought to assess how representative variables associated with watershed, lake, and food web‐scale processes—specifically, catchment tree cover, lake benthic primary production, and fish diet, respectively—are associated with mercury concentrations in mountain lake fish. Mean fish mercury concentrations varied threefold between lakes, with nearshore tree cover and fish diet accounting for the most variance in fish mercury. Tree cover was likely positively correlated to fish Hg due to its contributions to local deposition and its effect on lake biogeochemistry. Fish with benthic diets tended to have higher mercury concentrations, illustrating that food web processes are an important consideration when investigating drivers of contaminant bioaccumulation. Our results suggest that both landscape and ecological factors are determinants of fish mercury bioaccumulation, and thus variables at multiple scales should be considered when managing mountain lake food webs for mercury exposure risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.1002/lno.11659","usgsCitation":"Chiapella, A.M., Eagles-Smith, C., and Strecker, A.L., 2021, From forests to fish: Mercury in mountain lake food webs influenced by factors at multiple scales: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 66, no. 4, p. 1021-1035, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11659.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1021","endPage":"1035","ipdsId":"IP-113076","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://cedar.wwu.edu/esci_facpubs/62","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385014,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mt. Baker‐Snoqualmie National Forest, Mount Rainier National Park, North Cascades National Park, Olympic National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.18969726562499,\n 47.37603463349758\n ],\n [\n -122.80517578125,\n 47.754097979680026\n ],\n [\n -122.98095703125,\n 48.019324184801185\n ],\n [\n -124.23339843749999,\n 48.21003212234042\n ],\n [\n -124.49707031249999,\n 48.070738264258296\n ],\n [\n -124.365234375,\n 47.82053186746053\n ],\n [\n -124.15649414062499,\n 47.502358951968574\n ],\n [\n -123.585205078125,\n 47.24194882163242\n ],\n [\n -123.18969726562499,\n 47.37603463349758\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.77246093750001,\n 47.44294999517949\n ],\n [\n -120.5255126953125,\n 47.44294999517949\n ],\n [\n -120.5255126953125,\n 48.99103162515999\n ],\n [\n -121.77246093750001,\n 48.99103162515999\n ],\n [\n -121.77246093750001,\n 47.44294999517949\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.288818359375,\n 46.14939437647686\n ],\n [\n -120.67932128906249,\n 46.14939437647686\n ],\n [\n -120.67932128906249,\n 47.14116119721898\n ],\n [\n -122.288818359375,\n 47.14116119721898\n ],\n [\n -122.288818359375,\n 46.14939437647686\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiapella, Ariana M.","contributorId":257254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chiapella","given":"Ariana","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":221745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strecker, Angela L","contributorId":257255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strecker","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":6929,"text":"Portland State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70217147,"text":"70217147 - 2021 - Effective hydrological events in an evolving mid‐latitude mountain river system following cataclysmic disturbance—A saga of multiple influences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-18T12:41:01.836757","indexId":"70217147","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-09T07:25:03","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effective hydrological events in an evolving mid‐latitude mountain river system following cataclysmic disturbance—A saga of multiple influences","docAbstract":"Cataclysmic eruption of Mount St. Helens (USA) in 1980 reset 30 km of upper North Fork Toutle River (NFTR) valley to a zero‐state fluvial condition. Consequently, a new channel system evolved. Initially, a range of streamflows eroded channels (tens of meters incision, hundreds of meters widening) and transported immense sediment loads. Now, single, large‐magnitude or multiple moderate‐magnitude events are needed to accomplish substantial channel modification. Three large floods (two ≥100‐year events; one ∼10–25‐year event along lower Toutle River) from 1996 to 2015 indicate flood effectiveness in this environment is affected by both geomorphic and environmental factors. The largest and smallest of these floods (February 1996, November 2006) transported the most sediment by single floods since 1982; erosion and sediment transport by an ∼100‐year flood in December 2015 was not exceptional. Strong coupling between NFTR and its tall corridor banks, local geologic and hydraulic conditions promoting threshold erosion, event sequencing, and possibly a longitudinal gradient in stream power are important factors affecting event effectiveness on channel modification. In addition, environmental factors have also been influential, as variations in snowpack, storm trajectories and rainfall distributions, and episodic mobilization of debris flows have also influenced geomorphic response. Other factors such as vegetation anchoring, strong channel–hillside coupling, disparities between flood frequencies and perturbation relaxation times, and large variations in flood duration do not appear to be critical influences. Climate forecasts for warmer temperatures and a shift from snowfall to rainfall at high elevations may promote further acute geomorphic responses.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2019WR026851","usgsCitation":"Major, J.J., Spicer, K.R., and Mosbrucker, A.R., 2021, Effective hydrological events in an evolving mid‐latitude mountain river system following cataclysmic disturbance—A saga of multiple influences: Water Resources Research, v. 57, no. 2, e2019WR026851, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR026851.","productDescription":"e2019WR026851","ipdsId":"IP-123125","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381991,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spicer, Kurt R. 0000-0001-5030-3198 krspicer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-3198","contributorId":2684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spicer","given":"Kurt","email":"krspicer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mosbrucker, Adam R. 0000-0003-0298-0324 amosbrucker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0298-0324","contributorId":4968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mosbrucker","given":"Adam","email":"amosbrucker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70217082,"text":"70217082 - 2021 - Monitoring network changes during the 2018 Kīlauea Volcano eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-05T13:26:58.381604","indexId":"70217082","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-09T07:23:05","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring network changes during the 2018 Kīlauea Volcano eruption","docAbstract":"In the summer of 2018, Kīlauea Volcano underwent one of its most significant eruptions in the past few hundred years. The volcano’s summit and East Rift Zone magma system partially drained, resulting in a series of occasionally explosive partial caldera collapses, and widespread lava flows in the lower East Rift Zone. The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) operates a robust permanent monitoring network of about 250 stations, recording a variety of real‐time data streams: seismic (short‐period, broadband, strong‐motion), infrasound, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), tilt, camera, laser rangefinder, and gas geochemistry. During the eruption, HVO staff quickly established 35 new temporary monitoring stations, to better constrain evolving volcanic hazards. The partial collapses of the caldera threatened to disrupt important telemetry links in the HVO monitoring network, and a major effort was undertaken in the midst of the eruption crisis to reroute radio telemetry and maintain continuity of data flow. In the process, a new data center was established in Hilo, to mitigate a long‐standing potential single point of failure at the HVO facility. Over the course of the eruption from May through August, lava, ashfall, wildfire, and cliff collapse destroyed or disabled 36 stations. Thousands of earthquakes damaged the main HVO facility at Uēkahuna Bluff, causing staff to evacuate the building and relocate observatory operations in the midst of the eruption response, adding more complexity to the response effort. Throughout these events, the HVO team maintained the monitoring network, provided timely information to the public and emergency managers, and collected valuable scientific data to better understand Kīlauea Volcano.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220200284","usgsCitation":"Shiro, B., Zoeller, M.H., Kamibayashi, K., Johanson, I.A., Parcheta, C., Patrick, M.R., Nadeau, P.A., Lee, R., and Miklius, A., 2021, Monitoring network changes during the 2018 Kīlauea Volcano eruption: Seismological Research Letters, v. 92, no. 1, p. 102-118, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200284.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"102","endPage":"118","ipdsId":"IP-120285","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381873,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.56640625,\n 19.041348796589013\n ],\n [\n -154.57763671874997,\n 19.041348796589013\n ],\n [\n -154.57763671874997,\n 20.05593126519445\n ],\n [\n -155.56640625,\n 20.05593126519445\n ],\n [\n -155.56640625,\n 19.041348796589013\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shiro, Brian 0000-0001-8756-288X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8756-288X","contributorId":204040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shiro","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zoeller, Michael H. 0000-0003-4716-8567","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4716-8567","contributorId":214557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zoeller","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kamibayashi, Kevan 0000-0001-6364-5218 kevank@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6364-5218","contributorId":215614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamibayashi","given":"Kevan","email":"kevank@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johanson, Ingrid A. 0000-0002-6049-2225","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6049-2225","contributorId":215613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johanson","given":"Ingrid","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parcheta, Carolyn 0000-0001-6556-4630 cparcheta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6556-4630","contributorId":215617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parcheta","given":"Carolyn","email":"cparcheta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Patrick, Matthew R. 0000-0002-8042-6639 mpatrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-6639","contributorId":2070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patrick","given":"Matthew","email":"mpatrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Nadeau, Patricia A. 0000-0002-6732-3686","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6732-3686","contributorId":215616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nadeau","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lee, R. Lopaka 0000-0002-6352-0340","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6352-0340","contributorId":215133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"R. Lopaka","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Miklius, Asta 0000-0002-2286-1886","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-1886","contributorId":215615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miklius","given":"Asta","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70217196,"text":"70217196 - 2021 - Experimental challenge of a North American bat species, big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), with SARS-CoV-2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-26T16:08:15.510261","indexId":"70217196","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-09T07:17:31","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3849,"text":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Experimental challenge of a North American bat species, big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), with SARS-CoV-2","title":"Experimental challenge of a North American bat species, big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), with SARS-CoV-2","docAbstract":"The recently emerged novel coronavirus, SARS‐CoV‐2, is phylogenetically related to bat coronaviruses (CoVs), specifically SARS‐related CoVs from the Eurasian bat family Rhinolophidae. As this human pandemic virus has spread across the world, the potential impacts of SARS‐CoV‐2 on native North American bat populations are unknown, as is the ability of North American bats to serve as reservoirs or intermediate hosts able to transmit the virus to humans or to other animal species. To help determine the impacts of the pandemic virus on North American bat populations, we experimentally challenged big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) with SARS‐CoV‐2 under BSL‐3 conditions. We inoculated the bats both oropharyngeally and nasally, and over the ensuing three weeks, we measured infectivity, pathology, virus concentrations in tissues, oral and rectal virus excretion, virus transmission, and clinical signs of disease. We found no evidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in any examined bat, including no viral excretion, no transmission, no detectable virus in tissues, and no signs of disease or pathology. Based on our findings, it appears that big brown bats are resistant to infection with the SARS‐CoV‐2. The potential susceptibility of other North American bat species to SARS‐CoV‐2 remains to be investigated.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/tbed.13949","usgsCitation":"Hall, J.S., Knowles, S., Nashold, S., Ip, H., Leon, A.E., Rocke, T.E., Keller, S.A., Carossino, M., Balasuriya, U.B., and Hofmeister, E.K., 2021, Experimental challenge of a North American bat species, big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), with SARS-CoV-2: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, v. 68, no. 6, p. 3443-3452, https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13949.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"3443","endPage":"3452","ipdsId":"IP-122290","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/vetmed_pubs/875","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382088,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5599-2826 jshall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5599-2826","contributorId":2254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jshall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knowles, Susan 0000-0002-0254-6491 sknowles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0254-6491","contributorId":5254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"Susan","email":"sknowles@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nashold, Sean 0000-0002-8869-6633","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8869-6633","contributorId":214978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nashold","given":"Sean","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ip, Hon S. 0000-0003-4844-7533","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-7533","contributorId":126815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ip","given":"Hon S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leon, Ariel Elizabeth 0000-0001-9246-4619","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9246-4619","contributorId":247573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leon","given":"Ariel","email":"","middleInitial":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Keller, Saskia Annatina 0000-0002-9653-516X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9653-516X","contributorId":247574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"Saskia","email":"","middleInitial":"Annatina","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Carossino, Mariano","contributorId":245857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carossino","given":"Mariano","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Balasuriya, Udeni B.R.","contributorId":245862,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balasuriya","given":"Udeni","email":"","middleInitial":"B.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hofmeister, Erik K. 0000-0002-6360-3912 ehofmeister@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6360-3912","contributorId":3230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofmeister","given":"Erik","email":"ehofmeister@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70218694,"text":"70218694 - 2021 - Evaluating management options to reduce Lake Erie algal blooms using an ensemble of watershed models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-05T13:14:47.975659","indexId":"70218694","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-09T07:10:44","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating management options to reduce Lake Erie algal blooms using an ensemble of watershed models","docAbstract":"Reducing harmful algal blooms in Lake Erie, situated between the United States and Canada, requires implementing best management practices to decrease nutrient loading from upstream sources. Bi-national water quality targets have been set for total and dissolved phosphorus loads, with the ultimate goal of reaching these targets in 9-out-of-10 years. Row crop agriculture dominates the land use in the Western Lake Erie Basin thus requiring efforts to mitigate nutrient loads from agricultural systems. To determine the types and extent of agricultural management practices needed to reach the water quality goals, we used five independently developed Soil and Water Assessment Tool models to evaluate the effects of 18 management scenarios over a 10-year period on nutrient export. Guidance from a stakeholder group was provided throughout the project, and resulted in improved data, development of realistic scenarios, and expanded outreach. Subsurface placement of phosphorus fertilizers, cover crops, riparian buffers, and wetlands were among the most effective management options. But, only in one realistic scenario did a majority (3/5) of the models predict that the total phosphorus loading target would be met in 9-out-of-10 years. Further, the dissolved phosphorus loading target was predicted to meet the 9-out-of-10-year goal by only one model and only in three scenarios. In all scenarios evaluated, the 9-out-of-10-year goal was not met based on the average of model predictions. Ensemble modeling revealed general agreement about the effects of several practices although some scenarios resulted in a wide range of uncertainty. Overall, our results demonstrate that there are multiple pathways to approach the established water quality goals, but greater adoption rates of practices than those tested here will likely be needed to attain the management targets.
Specific conductivity (SC) is commonly used to estimate the proportion of baseflow (i.e., waters from within catchments such as groundwater, interflow, or bank return flows) contributing to rivers. Reach-scale SC comparisons are also useful for identifying where multiple water stores contribute to baseflow. Daily SC values of adjacent gauges in Australian (the Barwon, Glenelg, and Campaspe Rivers) and North American (the Upper Colorado River) catchments are commonly not well correlated (R2 = 0.32 to 0.82). Smoothed inter-gauge SC values averaged over 7 to 45 days are better correlated and define a series of hysteresis loops. The variable SC patterns between adjacent gauges probably reflect varying proportions of groundwater, bank return waters, interflow, and soil water contributing to baseflow. In some rivers using SC values to compare baseflow along river reaches on sub-annual timescales may be not be feasible.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125895","usgsCitation":"Cartwright, I., and Miller, M., 2021, Temporal and spatial variations in river specific conductivity: Implications for understanding sources of river water and hydrograph separations: Journal of Hydrology, v. 593, 125895, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125895.","productDescription":"125895, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120526","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381795,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"593","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cartwright, Ian 0000-0001-5300-4716","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5300-4716","contributorId":245985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cartwright","given":"Ian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27278,"text":"Monash University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Matthew P. 0000-0002-2537-1823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1823","contributorId":220622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Matthew P.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70228565,"text":"70228565 - 2021 - Temporal invariance of social-ecological catchments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T19:55:29.246571","indexId":"70228565","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-08T14:55:11","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal invariance of social-ecological catchments","docAbstract":"Natural resources such as waterbodies, public parks, and wildlife refuges attract people from varying distances on the landscape, creating \"social-ecological catchments.\" Catchments have provided great utility for understanding physical and social relationships within specific disciplines. Yet, catchments are rarely used across disciplines, such as its application to understand complex spatiotemporal dynamics between mobile human users and patchily distributed natural resources. We collected residence ZIP codes from 19,983 angler parties during 2014–2017 to construct seven angler–waterbody catchments in Nebraska, USA. We predicted that sizes of dense (10% utilization distribution) and dispersed (95% utilization distribution) angler–waterbody catchments would change across seasons and years as a function of diverse resource selection among mobile anglers. Contrary to expectations, we revealed that catchment size was invariant. We discuss how social (conservation actions) and ecological (low water quality, reduction in species diversity) conditions are expected to impact landscape patterns in resource use. We highlight how this simple concept and user-friendly technique can inform timely landscape-level conservation decisions within coupled social-ecological systems that are currently difficult to study and understand.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.2272","usgsCitation":"Kaemingk, M., Bender, C.N., Chizinski, C., Bunch, A., and Pope, K.L., 2021, Temporal invariance of social-ecological catchments: Ecological Applications, v. 31, no. 2, e02272, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2272.","productDescription":"e02272, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118117","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395920,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-01-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaemingk, Mark A.","contributorId":276159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaemingk","given":"Mark A.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bender, Christine N.","contributorId":276158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bender","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":17640,"text":"Nebraska Game and Parks Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chizinski, Christopher J.","contributorId":274559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chizinski","given":"Christopher J.","affiliations":[{"id":36892,"text":"University of Nebraska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bunch, Aaron J.","contributorId":276161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunch","given":"Aaron J.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":270762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70224749,"text":"70224749 - 2021 - Holocene paleoseismology of the Steamboat Mountain Site: Evidence for full‐Llngth rupture of the Teton Fault, Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-04T12:25:15.08622","indexId":"70224749","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-08T07:22:39","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene paleoseismology of the Steamboat Mountain Site: Evidence for full‐Llngth rupture of the Teton Fault, Wyoming","docAbstract":"The 72‐km‐long Teton fault in northwestern Wyoming is an ideal candidate for reconstructing the lateral extent of surface‐rupturing earthquakes and testing models of normal‐fault segmentation. To explore the history of earthquakes on the northern Teton fault, we hand‐excavated two trenches at the Steamboat Mountain site, where the east‐dipping Teton fault has vertically displaced west‐sloping alluvial‐fan surfaces. The trenches exposed glaciofluvial, alluvial‐fan, and scarp‐derived colluvial sediments and stratigraphic and structural evidence of two surface‐rupturing earthquakes (SM1 and SM2). A Bayesian geochronologic model for the site includes three optically stimulated luminescence ages (∼12–17 ka) for the glaciofluvial units and 16 radiocarbon ages (∼1.2–8.6 ka) for the alluvial‐fan and colluvial units and constrains SM1 and SM2 to 5.5±0.2 ka, 1σ (5.2–5.9 ka, 95%) and 9.7±0.9 ka, 1σ (8.5–11.5 ka, 95%), respectively. Structural, stratigraphic, and geomorphic relations yield vertical displacements for SM1 (2.0±0.6 m, 1σ) and SM2 (2.0±1.0 m, 1σ). The Steamboat Mountain paleoseismic chronology overlaps temporally with earthquakes interpreted from previous terrestrial and lacustrine paleoseismic data along the fault. Integrating these data, we infer that the youngest Teton fault rupture occurred at ∼5.3 ka, generated 1.7±1.0 m, 1σ of vertical displacement along 51–70 km of the fault, and had a moment magnitude (Mw) of ∼7.0–7.2. This rupture was apparently unimpeded by structural complexities along the Teton fault. The integrated chronology permits a previous full‐length rupture at ∼10 ka and possible partial ruptures of the fault at ∼8–9 ka. To reconcile conflicting terrestrial and lacustrine paleoseismic data, we propose a hypothesis of alternating full‐ and partial‐length ruptures of the Teton fault, including Mw∼6.5–7.2 earthquakes every ∼1.2 ky. Additional paleoseismic data for the northern and central sections of the fault would serve to test this bimodal rupture hypothesis.
Rangelands cover 70% of the world's land surface, and provide critical ecosystem services of primary production, soil carbon storage, and nutrient cycling. These ecosystem services are governed by very fine-scale spatial patterning of soil carbon, nutrients, and plant species at the centimeter-to-meter scales, a phenomenon known as “islands of fertility”. Such fine-scale dynamics are challenging to detect with most satellite and manned airborne platforms. Remote sensing from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provides an alternative option for detecting fine-scale soil nutrient and plant species changes in rangelands tn0020 smaller extents. We demonstrate that a model incorporating the fusion of UAV multispectral and structure-from-motion photogrammetry classifies plant functional types and bare soil cover with an overall accuracy of 95% in rangelands degraded by shrub encroachment and disturbed by fire. We further demonstrate that employing UAV hyperspectral and LiDAR fusion greatly improves upon these results by classifying 9 different plant species and soil fertility microsite types (SFMT) with an overall accuracy of 87%. Among them, creosote bush and black grama, the most important native species in the rangeland, have the highest producer's accuracies at 98% and 94%, respectively. The integration of UAV LiDAR-derived plant height differences was critical in these improvements. Finally, we use synthesis of the UAV datasets with ground-based LiDAR surveys and lab characterization of soils to estimate that the burned rangeland potentially lost 1474 kg/ha of C and 113 kg/ha of N owing to soil erosion processes during the first year after a prescribed fire. However, during the second-year post-fire, grass and plant-interspace SFMT functioned as net sinks for sediment and nutrients and gained approximately 175 kg/ha C and 14 kg/ha N, combined. These results provide important site-specific insight that is relevant to the 423 Mha of grasslands and shrublands that are burned globally each year. While fire, and specifically post-fire erosion, can degrade some rangelands, post-fire plant-soil-nutrient dynamics might provide a competitive advantage to grasses in rangelands degraded by shrub encroachment. These novel UAV and ground-based LiDAR remote sensing approaches thus provide important details towards more accurate accounting of the carbon and nutrients in the soil surface of rangelands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2020.112223","usgsCitation":"Sankey, J.B., Sankey, T.T., Li, J., Ravi, S., Wang, G., Caster, J., and Kasprak, A., 2021, Quantifying plant-soil-nutrient dynamics in rangelands: Fusion of UAV hyperspectral-LiDAR, UAV multispectral-photogrammetry, and ground-based LiDAR-digital photography in a shrub-encroached desert grassland: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 253, 112223, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.112223.","productDescription":"112223, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-110017","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454141,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.112223","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":381413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.80770874023438,\n 34.301471780404476\n ],\n [\n -106.63192749023438,\n 34.301471780404476\n ],\n [\n -106.63192749023438,\n 34.412574601595\n ],\n [\n -106.80770874023438,\n 34.412574601595\n ],\n [\n -106.80770874023438,\n 34.301471780404476\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"253","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992 jsankey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":3935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel","email":"jsankey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sankey, Temuulen T.","contributorId":173297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sankey","given":"Temuulen","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7202,"text":"NAU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, Junran","contributorId":202740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Junran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36521,"text":"Department of Geosciences, University of Tulsa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ravi, Sujith","contributorId":202738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ravi","given":"Sujith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36520,"text":"Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wang, Guan","contributorId":202741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Guan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36521,"text":"Department of Geosciences, University of Tulsa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Caster, Joshua 0000-0002-2858-1228 jcaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2858-1228","contributorId":199033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caster","given":"Joshua","email":"jcaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kasprak, Alan 0000-0001-8184-6128","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8184-6128","contributorId":245742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kasprak","given":"Alan","affiliations":[{"id":49307,"text":"Current: Utah State University. Former: Southwest Biological Science Center, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70219508,"text":"70219508 - 2021 - Expert assessment of future vulnerability of the global peatland carbon sink","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-12T19:54:42.096571","indexId":"70219508","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-07T10:48:43","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2841,"text":"Nature Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1758-6798","printIssn":"1758-678X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expert assessment of future vulnerability of the global peatland carbon sink","docAbstract":"The carbon balance of peatlands is predicted to shift from a sink to a source this century. However, peatland ecosystems are still omitted from the main Earth system models that are used for future climate change projections, and they are not considered in integrated assessment models that are used in impact and mitigation studies. By using evidence synthesized from the literature and an expert elicitation, we define and quantify the leading drivers of change that have impacted peatland carbon stocks during the Holocene and predict their effect during this century and in the far future. We also identify uncertainties and knowledge gaps in the scientific community and provide insight towards better integration of peatlands into modelling frameworks. Given the importance of the contribution by peatlands to the global carbon cycle, this study shows that peatland science is a critical research area and that we still have a long way to go to fully understand the peatland–carbon–climate nexus.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41558-020-00944-0","usgsCitation":"Loisel, J., Gallego-Sala, A., Amesbury, M., Magnan, G., Anshari, G., Beilman, D., Blewett, J., Benevides, J.C., Camill, P., Charman, D., Chawchai, S., Hedgpeth, A., Kleinen, T., Korhola, A., Large, D., Muller, J., Mansilla, C., van Bellen, S., West, J.B., Yu, Z., Bubier, J., Garneau, M., Moore, T., Sannel, A.B., Väliranta, M., Page, S., Bechtold, M., Brovkin, V., Cole, L.E., Chanton, J., Christensen, T.R., Davies, M.A., De Vleeschouwer, F., Finkelstein, S., Frolking, S., Galka, M., Gandois, L., Girkin, N., Harris, .., Heinemeyer, A., Hoyt, A., Jones, M.C., Joos, F., Juutinen, S., Kaiser, K., Lamentowicz, M., Larmola, T., Leifeld, M., Lohila, A., Milner, A., Minkkinen, K., Moss, P., Naafs, B., Nichols, J., O'Donnell, J., Payne, R., Philben, M., Pilo, S., Quillet, A., Ratnayake, A., Roland, T., Sjogersten, S., Sonnentag, O., Swindles, G., Swinnen, W., Talbott, J., Treat, C., Valach, A., and Wu, J., 2021, Expert assessment of future vulnerability of the global peatland carbon sink: Nature Climate Change, v. 11, p. 70-77, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-00944-0.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"77","ipdsId":"IP-112925","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-00944-0","text":"External Repository"},{"id":385029,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loisel, Julie","contributorId":166672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loisel","given":"Julie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18162,"text":"University of Helsinki","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gallego-Sala, A.V.","contributorId":257233,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gallego-Sala","given":"A.V.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17840,"text":"University of Exeter","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amesbury, M.J.","contributorId":257234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amesbury","given":"M.J.","affiliations":[{"id":17840,"text":"University of Exeter","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Magnan, G.","contributorId":257272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magnan","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anshari, G.","contributorId":257273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anshari","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Beilman, D. 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Recent changes in global temperatures have resulted in distributional shifts of wildlife species, as well as amelioration of winter climates in northern landscapes. The emperor goose (Anser canagicus), an endemic migratory bird of the Bering Sea region, winters across a large area of the subarctic, with potential differences in migration strategies and costs among individuals. As a long-standing species of conservation concern due to decreased population size, understanding the response of emperor geese to changing conditions has become critical to on-going management. We sought to evaluate changes in wintering distribution and arrival/departure dates over time, by comparing spatial and temporal patterns of wintering emperor geese from 2015 to 2017 (using geolocator data) to satellite telemetry data collected from 1999 to 2004. Further, we quantified changes in spatial patterns of winter abundance by comparing historical and contemporary aerial and ground surveys at three island complexes encompassing most of their winter distribution. Our results indicate that emperor geese are arriving at wintering areas earlier and spending more time at these areas than in the past. Our comparisons among historical aerial and ground surveys suggests that increasing numbers of emperor geese are wintering closer to breeding areas in western Alaska; a change likely related to increasing habitat availability due to shifting environmental conditions. Our results also showed that fewer emperor geese are using an area in the core of their wintering range, suggesting either decreased habitat quality or a reduction in migration distance via alternative wintering locations. Overall, our study highlights a rapid response to apparent habitat change likely due to warming temperatures and a reduction in ice cover and emphasizes the importance of understanding complex interactions among migration distance, the environment, and habitat in interpreting site selection.
An intermediate-depth (1751 m) ice core was drilled at the South Pole between 2014 and 2016 using the newly designed US Intermediate Depth Drill. The South Pole ice core is the highest-resolution interior East Antarctic ice core record that extends into the glacial period. The methods used at the South Pole to handle and log the drilled ice, the procedures used to safely retrograde the ice back to the National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility (NSF-ICF), and the methods used to process and sample the ice at the NSF-ICF are described. The South Pole ice core exhibited minimal brittle ice, which was likely due to site characteristics and, to a lesser extent, to drill technology and core handling procedures.
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Fibers/lines were the most abundant of the five particle types characterized. Microplastic particles were observed in all samples with mean concentrations for particles greater than 0.355 mm of 65.2 p kg–1 in Lake Michigan samples (n = 20) and 431 p kg–1 in Lake Erie samples (n = 12). Additional analysis of particles with size 0.1250–0.3549 mm in Lake Erie resulted in a mean concentration of 631 p kg–1. The majority of polymers in Lake Michigan samples were poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and semisynthetic cellulose (S.S. Cellulose), and in Lake Erie samples were S.S. Cellulose, polypropylene (PP), and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Polymer density estimates indicated that 85 and 74% of observed microplastic particles have a density greater than 1.1 g cm–3 for Lake Michigan and Lake Erie, respectively. The current study provided a multidimensional dataset on the spatial distribution of microplastics in benthic sediment from Lake Michigan and Lake Erie and valuable information for assessment of the fate of microplastics in the Great Lakes.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.0c06087","usgsCitation":"Lenaker, P.L., Corsi, S., and Mason, S.A., 2021, Spatial distribution of microplastics in surficial benthic sediment of Lake Michigan and Lake Erie: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 55, no. 1, p. 373-384, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c06087.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"373","endPage":"384","ipdsId":"IP-119261","costCenters":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454148,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c06087","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9WJUODZ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Microplastics in the surficial benthic sediment from Lake Michigan and Lake Erie, 2013 and 2014"},{"id":381937,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario, Lake Erie","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.71484375,\n 41.50857729743935\n ],\n [\n -86.1328125,\n 41.50857729743935\n ],\n [\n -86.1328125,\n 46.255846818480315\n ],\n [\n -87.71484375,\n 46.255846818480315\n ],\n [\n -87.71484375,\n 41.50857729743935\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.3203125,\n 41.244772343082076\n ],\n [\n -79.013671875,\n 41.244772343082076\n ],\n [\n -79.013671875,\n 42.48830197960227\n ],\n [\n -83.3203125,\n 42.48830197960227\n ],\n [\n -83.3203125,\n 41.244772343082076\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lenaker, Peter L. 0000-0002-9469-6285 plenaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9469-6285","contributorId":5572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lenaker","given":"Peter","email":"plenaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Corsi, Steven R. 0000-0003-0583-5536 srcorsi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-5536","contributorId":172002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corsi","given":"Steven R.","email":"srcorsi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mason, Sherri A.","contributorId":176172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mason","given":"Sherri","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70250892,"text":"70250892 - 2021 - Multi-geophysical parameter classification of the Montserrat geothermal system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-11T14:11:47.485373","indexId":"70250892","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-05T08:07:40","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1828,"text":"Geothermics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-geophysical parameter classification of the Montserrat geothermal system","docAbstract":"Multi-geophysical parameter classification can help to reduce the uncertainties of interpretations that often rely on one geophysical technique. Integrating these varying datasets requires a more robust classification approach rather than traditional qualitative methods. In this study, we applied the Fuzzy c-means (FCM) method to quantitatively classify similarities in a high resolution seismic tomography, a magnetotellurics and gravity datasets obtained in Montserrat. To group similar datapoints, this application uses a Euclidean distance measure and a membership function. Assigned membership values indicate the degree to which a datapoint belongs to a specific class. The spatial distribution of the derived classes, each classified with distinct geophysical parameters, helped to provide new structural and petrological information of the Montserrat geothermal system. In comparison to previous models, our new cluster model highlights two major improvements. These include the resolution and assessment of the spatial extension and 3D geometry of previously undetected features within the Montserrat geothermal system and the constrain and characterization of earlier identified anomalies. We additionally utilized geological and petrological data obtained from three geothermal wells in the Montserrat geothermal system to help validate our classifications. Based on a semi-quantitative approach we assessed the reliability of the FCM technique in relation to the likely uncertainties of the different geophysical models.
Niche breadth and position can influence diversification among closely related species or populations, yet limited empirical data exist concerning the predictability of the outcomes. We explored the effects of these factors on the evolution of the Emoia atrocostata species group, an insular radiation of lizards in the western Pacific Ocean and Indo-Australasia composed of both endemic and widespread species that differ in niche occupancy. We used molecular data and phylogeographical diffusion models to estimate the timing and patterns of range expansion, and ancestral reconstruction methods to infer shifts in ecology. We show evidence of multidirectional spread from a centre of origin in western Micronesia, and that the phyletic diversity of the group is derived from a putative habitat specialist that survives in the littoral zone. This species is composed of paraphyletic lineages that represent stages or possible endpoints in the continuum toward speciation. Several descendant species have transitioned to either strand or interior forest habitat, but only on remote islands with depauperate terrestrial faunas. Our results suggest that the atrocostata group might be in the early phases of a Wilsonian taxon cycle and that the capacity to tolerate salt stress has promoted dispersal and colonization of remote oceanic islands. Divergence itself, however, is largely driven by geographical isolation rather than shifts in ecology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blaa172","usgsCitation":"Richmond, J.Q., Ota, H., Grismer, L., and Fisher, R., 2021, Influence of niche breadth and position on the historical biogeography of seafaring scincid lizards: Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, v. 132, no. 1, p. 74-92, https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa172.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"74","endPage":"92","ipdsId":"IP-123408","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa172","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":391914,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 104.23828125,\n -47.04018214480665\n ],\n [\n 165.76171875,\n -47.04018214480665\n ],\n [\n 165.76171875,\n 5.61598581915534\n ],\n [\n 104.23828125,\n 5.61598581915534\n ],\n [\n 104.23828125,\n -47.04018214480665\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"132","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richmond, Jonathan Q. 0000-0001-9398-4894 jrichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-4894","contributorId":5400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Jonathan","email":"jrichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Q.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ota, Hidetoshi","contributorId":147501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ota","given":"Hidetoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grismer, L Lee","contributorId":269404,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grismer","given":"L Lee","affiliations":[{"id":41086,"text":"La Sierra University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70217537,"text":"70217537 - 2021 - Age and mantle sources of Quaternary basalts associated with “leaky” transform faults of the migrating Anatolia-Arabia-Africa triple junction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T14:30:00.957595","indexId":"70217537","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-04T15:21:58","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and mantle sources of Quaternary basalts associated with “leaky” transform faults of the migrating Anatolia-Arabia-Africa triple junction","docAbstract":"The Anatolia (Eurasia), Arabia, and Africa tectonic plates intersect in southeast Turkey, near the Gulf of İskenderun, forming a tectonically active and unstable triple junction (the A3 triple junction). The plate boundaries are marked by broad zones of major, dominantly left-lateral transform faults including the East Anatolian fault zone (the Anatolia-Arabia boundary) and the Dead Sea fault zone (the Arabia-Africa boundary). Quaternary basalts occur locally within these “leaky” transform fault zones (similar to those observed within oceanic transform faults), providing evidence that mantle melting, basalt genesis, and eruption are linked to crustal deformation and faulting that extends into the upper mantle. We investigated samples of alkaline basalt (including basanite) from the Toprakkale and Karasu volcanic fields within a broad zone of transtension associated with these plate-boundary faults near the İskenderun and Amik Basins, respectively.
Toprakkale basalts and basanites have 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages ranging from 810 ± 60 ka to 46 ± 13 ka, and Karasu volcanic field basalts have 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages ranging from 2.63 ± 0.17 Ma to 52 ± 16 ka. Two basanite samples within the Toprakkale volcanic field have isotopic characteristics of a depleted mantle source, with 87Sr/86Sr of 0.703070 and 0.703136, 143Nd/144Nd of 0.512931 and 0.512893, 176Hf/177Hf of 0.283019 and 0.282995, 206Pb/204Pb of 19.087 and 19.155, and 208Pb/204Pb of 38.861 and 38.915. The 176Hf/177Hf ratios of Toprakkale basalts (0.282966–0.283019) are more radiogenic than Karasu basalts (0.282837–0.282965), with some overlap in 143Nd/144Nd ratios (0.512781–0.512866 vs. 0.512648–0.512806). Toprakkale 206Pb/204Pb ratios (19.025 ± 0.001) exhibit less variation than that observed for Karasu basalts (18.800–19.324), and 208Pb/204Pb values for Toprakkale basalts (38.978– 39.103) are slightly lower than values for Karasu basalts (39.100–39.219). Melting depths estimated for the basalts from both volcanic fields generally cluster between 60 and 70 km, whereas the basanites record melting depths of ~90 km. Depth estimates for the basalts largely correspond to the base of a thin lithosphere (~60 km) observed by seismic imaging. We interpret the combined radiogenic isotope data (Sr, Nd, Hf, Pb) from all alkaline basalts to reflect partial melting at the base of the lithospheric mantle. In contrast, seismic imaging indicates a much thicker (>100 km) lithosphere beneath southern Anatolia, a substantial part of which is likely subducted African lithosphere. This thicker lithosphere is adjacent to the surface locations of the basanites. Thus, the greater melting depths inferred for the basanites may include partial melt contributions either from the lithospheric mantle of the attached and subducting African (Cyprean) slab, or from partial melting of detached blocks that foundered due to convective removal of the Anatolian lithosphere and that subsequently melted at ~90 km depth within the asthenosphere.
The Quaternary basalts studied here are restricted to a broad zone of transtension formed in response to the development of the A3 triple junction, with an earliest erupted age of 2.63 Ma. This indicates that the triple junction was well established by this time. While the current position of the A3 triple junction is near the Amik Basin, faults and topographic expressions indicate that inception of the triple junction began as early as 5 Ma in a position farther to the northeast of the erupted basalts. Therefore, the position of the A3 triple junction appears to have migrated to the southwest since the beginning of the Pliocene as the Anatolia-Africa plate boundary has adjusted to extrusion (tectonic escape) of the Anatolia plate. Establishment of the triple junction over the past 5 m.y. was synchronous with rollback of the African slab beneath Anatolia and associated trench retreat, consistent with Pliocene uplift in Cyprus and with the current positions of plate boundaries. The A3 triple junction is considered to be unstable and likely to continue migrating to the southwest for the foreseeable geologic future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES02266.1","usgsCitation":"Cosca, M., Reid, M., Delph, J., Gencalioglu Kuscu, G., Blichert-Toft, J., Premo, W.R., Whitney, D., Teyssier, C., and Rojay, B., 2021, Age and mantle sources of Quaternary basalts associated with “leaky” transform faults of the migrating Anatolia-Arabia-Africa triple junction: Geosphere, v. 17, no. 1, p. 69-94, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02266.1.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"94","ipdsId":"IP-118084","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges02266.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382444,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Turkey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 33.94775390625,\n 35.82672127366604\n ],\n [\n 36.705322265625,\n 35.82672127366604\n ],\n [\n 36.705322265625,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n 33.94775390625,\n 37.020098201368114\n ],\n [\n 33.94775390625,\n 35.82672127366604\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cosca, Michael 0000-0002-0600-7663","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-7663","contributorId":33043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosca","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":808602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reid, Mary","contributorId":248200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reid","given":"Mary","affiliations":[{"id":49820,"text":"Northern Arizona U","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delph, Jonathan","contributorId":248201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delph","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gencalioglu Kuscu, Gonca","contributorId":248202,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gencalioglu Kuscu","given":"Gonca","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49821,"text":"Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blichert-Toft, Janne","contributorId":248203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blichert-Toft","given":"Janne","affiliations":[{"id":49822,"text":"Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Premo, Wayne R. 0000-0001-9904-4801 wpremo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-4801","contributorId":1697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Premo","given":"Wayne","email":"wpremo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":808607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Whitney, Donna","contributorId":248204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitney","given":"Donna","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Teyssier, Christian","contributorId":248205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teyssier","given":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rojay, Bora","contributorId":248206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rojay","given":"Bora","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49823,"text":"Middle East Technical University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":808610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70227144,"text":"70227144 - 2021 - Infection status as the basis for habitat choices in a wild amphibian","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-03T15:39:28.742022","indexId":"70227144","displayToPublicDate":"2020-12-04T08:52:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":740,"text":"American Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Infection status as the basis for habitat choices in a wild amphibian","docAbstract":"Animals challenged with disease may select specific habitat conditions that help prevent or reduce infection. Whereas preinfection avoidance of habitats with a high risk of disease exposure has been documented in both captive and free-ranging animals, evidence of switching habitats after infection to support the clearing of the infection is limited to laboratory experiments. The extent to which wild animals proximately modify habitat choices in response to infection status thus remains unclear. We investigated preinfection behavioral avoidance and postinfection habitat switching using wild, radio-tracked boreal toads (Anaxyrus boreas boreas) in a population challenged with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), a pathogenic fungus responsible for a catastrophic panzootic affecting hundreds of amphibian species worldwide. Boreal toads did not preemptively avoid microhabitats with conditions conducive to Bd growth. Infected individuals, however, selected warmer, more open habitats, which were associated with elevated body temperature and the subsequent clearing of infection. Our results suggest that disease can comprise an important selective pressure on animal habitat and space use. Habitat selection models, therefore, may be greatly improved by including variables that quantify infection risk and/or the infection status of individuals through time.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/711927","usgsCitation":"Barrile, G.M., Chalfoun, A.D., and Walters, A.W., 2021, Infection status as the basis for habitat choices in a wild amphibian: American Naturalist, v. 197, no. 1, p. 128-137, https://doi.org/10.1086/711927.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"128","endPage":"137","ipdsId":"IP-107230","costCenters":[{"id":683,"text":"Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454157,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/711927","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":393736,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Bridger-Teton National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.5,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -110.35,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -110.35,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -110.5,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -110.5,\n 42.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"197","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barrile, Gabriel M.","contributorId":270694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barrile","given":"Gabriel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40829,"text":"uwy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":829777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chalfoun, Anna D. 0000-0002-0219-6006 achalfoun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0219-6006","contributorId":197589,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalfoun","given":"Anna","email":"achalfoun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":829778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walters, Annika W. 0000-0002-8638-6682 awalters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-6682","contributorId":4190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Annika","email":"awalters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":829776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}