{"pageNumber":"548","pageRowStart":"13675","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165323,"records":[{"id":70216751,"text":"70216751 - 2020 - U.S. mineral supply chain security in the age of pandemics and trade wars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-04T15:53:22.134457","indexId":"70216751","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-23T09:48:41","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7448,"text":"The Science Breaker","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U.S. mineral supply chain security in the age of pandemics and trade wars","docAbstract":"Modern technology makes use of numerous mineral commodities whose production is concentrated in a few countries. New research identifies the commodities whose supply disruption poses the greatest risk to the manufacturing sector. While the analysis is applied to the U.S. manufacturing sector, the principles are equally applicable to other economies heavily reliant on imported mineral materials.","language":"English","publisher":"The Science Breaker","doi":"10.25250/thescbr.brk421","usgsCitation":"Nassar, N., and Fortier, S.M., 2020, U.S. mineral supply chain security in the age of pandemics and trade wars: The Science Breaker, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.25250/thescbr.brk421.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-118370","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454764,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.25250/thescbr.brk421","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380983,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nassar, Nedal 0000-0001-8758-9732 nnassar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8758-9732","contributorId":196630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nassar","given":"Nedal","email":"nnassar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":806065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fortier, Steven M. 0000-0001-8123-5749","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-5749","contributorId":202406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortier","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70227148,"text":"70227148 - 2020 - Linking mosquito surveillance to dengue fever through Bayesian mechanistic modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-03T15:52:27.699945","indexId":"70227148","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-23T09:25:28","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5023,"text":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking mosquito surveillance to dengue fever through Bayesian mechanistic modeling","docAbstract":"Our ability to effectively prevent the transmission of the dengue virus through targeted control of its vector, Aedes aegypti, depends critically on our understanding of the link between mosquito abundance and human disease risk. Mosquito and clinical surveillance data are widely collected, but linking them requires a modeling framework that accounts for the complex non-linear mechanisms involved in transmission. Most critical are the bottleneck in transmission imposed by mosquito lifespan relative to the virus’ extrinsic incubation period, and the dynamics of human immunity. We developed a differential equation model of dengue transmission and embedded it in a Bayesian hierarchical framework that allowed us to estimate latent time series of mosquito demographic rates from mosquito trap counts and dengue case reports from the city of Vitória, Brazil. We used the fitted model to explore how the timing of a pulse of adult mosquito control influences its effect on the human disease burden in the following year. We found that control was generally more effective when implemented in periods of relatively low mosquito mortality (when mosquito abundance was also generally low). In particular, control implemented in early September (week 34 of the year) produced the largest reduction in predicted human case reports over the following year. This highlights the potential long-term utility of broad, off-peak-season mosquito control in addition to existing, locally targeted within-season efforts. Further, uncertainty in the effectiveness of control interventions was driven largely by posterior variation in the average mosquito mortality rate (closely tied to total mosquito abundance) with lower mosquito mortality generating systems more vulnerable to control. Broadly, these correlations suggest that mosquito control is most effective in situations in which transmission is already limited by mosquito abundance.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0008868","usgsCitation":"Leach, C.B., Hoeting, J., Pepin, K.M., Eiras, A.E., Hooten, M., and Colleen T. Webb, C., 2020, Linking mosquito surveillance to dengue fever through Bayesian mechanistic modeling: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, v. 14, no. 11, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008868.","productDescription":"e0008868, 20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","ipdsId":"IP-107662","costCenters":[{"id":189,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454766,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008868","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":393742,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","state":"Espírito Santo","city":"Vitória","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -40.42968749999999,\n -20.43473423110048\n ],\n [\n -40.222320556640625,\n -20.43473423110048\n ],\n [\n -40.222320556640625,\n -20.17456745043183\n ],\n [\n -40.42968749999999,\n -20.17456745043183\n ],\n [\n -40.42968749999999,\n -20.43473423110048\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leach, Clinton B.","contributorId":270703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leach","given":"Clinton","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":829794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoeting, Jennifer A.","contributorId":270704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoeting","given":"Jennifer A.","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":829795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pepin, Kim M.","contributorId":270705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pepin","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36589,"text":"USDA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":829796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eiras, Alvaro E.","contributorId":270706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eiras","given":"Alvaro","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":829797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":829793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Colleen T. Webb, Colleen T.","contributorId":270707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colleen T. Webb","given":"Colleen T.","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":829798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70226612,"text":"70226612 - 2020 - Evaluation of Arctic warming in mid-Pliocene climate simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-01T13:03:35.899178","indexId":"70226612","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-23T06:57:23","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1250,"text":"Climate of the Past","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of Arctic warming in mid-Pliocene climate simulations","docAbstract":"Palaeoclimate simulations improve our understanding of the climate, inform us about the performance of climate models in a different climate scenario, and help to identify robust features of the climate system. Here, we analyse Arctic warming in an ensemble of 16 simulations of the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (mPWP), derived from the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2).
The PlioMIP2 ensemble simulates Arctic (60–90∘ N) annual mean surface air temperature (SAT) increases of 3.7 to 11.6 ∘C compared to the pre-industrial period, with a multi-model mean (MMM) increase of 7.2 ∘C. The Arctic warming amplification ratio relative to global SAT anomalies in the ensemble ranges from 1.8 to 3.1 (MMM is 2.3). Sea ice extent anomalies range from −3.0 to -10.4×106\">−10.4×106 km2, with a MMM anomaly of -5.6×106\">−5.6×106 km2, which constitutes a decrease of 53 % compared to the pre-industrial period. The majority (11 out of 16) of models simulate summer sea-ice-free conditions (≤1×106\">≤1×106 km2) in their mPWP simulation. The ensemble tends to underestimate SAT in the Arctic when compared to available reconstructions, although the degree of underestimation varies strongly between the simulations. The simulations with the highest Arctic SAT anomalies tend to match the proxy dataset in its current form better. The ensemble shows some agreement with reconstructions of sea ice, particularly with regard to seasonal sea ice. Large uncertainties limit the confidence that can be placed in the findings and the compatibility of the different proxy datasets. We show that while reducing uncertainties in the reconstructions could decrease the SAT data–model discord substantially, further improvements are likely to be found in enhanced boundary conditions or model physics. Lastly, we compare the Arctic warming in the mPWP to projections of future Arctic warming and find that the PlioMIP2 ensemble simulates greater Arctic amplification than CMIP5 future climate simulations and an increase instead of a decrease in Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) strength compared to pre-industrial period. The results highlight the importance of slow feedbacks in equilibrium climate simulations, and that caution must be taken when using simulations of the mPWP as an analogue for future climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/cp-16-2325-2020","usgsCitation":"de Nooijer, W., Zhang, Q., Li, Q., Zhang, Q., Li, X., Zhang, Z., Guo, C., Nisancioglu, K.H., Haywood, A.M., Tindall, J.C., Dowsett, H.J., Stepanek, C., Lohman, G., Otto-Bliesner, B.L., Feng, R., Sohl, L., Chandler, M., Tan, N., Contoux, C., Ramstein, G., Baatsen, M., von der Heydt, A.S., Chandan, D., Peltier, W.R., Abe-Ouchi, A., Chan, W., Kamae, Y., and Brierley, C.M., 2020, Evaluation of Arctic warming in mid-Pliocene climate simulations: Climate of the Past, v. 16, no. 6, p. 2325-2341, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2325-2020.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2325","endPage":"2341","ipdsId":"IP-123682","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-2325-2020","text":"Publisher Index 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Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, Qiang","contributorId":197310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Qiang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhang, Qiang","contributorId":210479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Qiang","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Li, Xiangyu","contributorId":219286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Xiangyu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhang, Zhongshi","contributorId":269576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Zhongshi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55988,"text":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Guo, Chuncheng","contributorId":269577,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guo","given":"Chuncheng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55989,"text":"NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nisancioglu, Kerim H","contributorId":269578,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nisancioglu","given":"Kerim","email":"","middleInitial":"H","affiliations":[{"id":55989,"text":"NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Haywood, Alan M","contributorId":206288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haywood","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tindall, Julia C.","contributorId":147376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tindall","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Dowsett, Harry J. 0000-0003-1983-7524 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Michiel","contributorId":269586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baatsen","given":"Michiel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55995,"text":"Centre for Complex Systems Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"von der Heydt, Anna S","contributorId":269587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"von der Heydt","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":55995,"text":"Centre for Complex Systems Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Chandan, Deepak","contributorId":269588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chandan","given":"Deepak","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55996,"text":"Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Peltier, W. 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,{"id":70217645,"text":"70217645 - 2020 - Evaluating wildlife translocations using genomics: A bighorn sheep case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-26T13:09:57.931076","indexId":"70217645","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-21T07:04:34","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating wildlife translocations using genomics: A bighorn sheep case study","docAbstract":"Wildlife restoration often involves translocation efforts to reintroduce species and supplement small, fragmented populations. We examined the genomic consequences of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) translocations and population isolation to enhance understanding of evolutionary processes that affect population genetics and inform future restoration strategies. We conducted a population genomic analysis of 511 bighorn sheep from 17 areas, including native and reintroduced populations that received 0–10 translocations. Using the Illumina High Density Ovine array, we generated datasets of 6,155 to 33,289 single nucleotide polymorphisms and completed clustering, population tree, and kinship analyses. Our analyses determined that natural gene flow did not occur between most populations, including two pairs of native herds that had past connectivity. We synthesized genomic evidence across analyses to evaluate 24 different translocation events and detected eight successful reintroductions (i.e., lack of signal for recolonization from nearby populations) and five successful augmentations (i.e., reproductive success of translocated individuals) based on genetic similarity with the source populations. A single native population founded six of the reintroduced herds, suggesting that environmental conditions did not need to match for populations to persist following reintroduction. Augmentations consisting of 18–57 animals including males and females succeeded, whereas augmentations of two males did not result in a detectable genetic signature. Our results provide insight on genomic distinctiveness of native and reintroduced herds, information on the relative success of reintroduction and augmentation efforts and their associated attributes, and guidance to enhance genetic contribution of augmentations and reintroductions to aid in bighorn sheep restoration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.6942","usgsCitation":"Flesch, E.P., Graves, T., Thomson, J., Proffitt, K., White, P., Stephenson, T.R., and Garrott, R.A., 2020, Evaluating wildlife translocations using genomics: A bighorn sheep case study: Ecology and Evolution, v. 10, no. 24, p. 13687-13704, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6942.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"13687","endPage":"13704","ipdsId":"IP-113330","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454775,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6942","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436715,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VMIFLP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Bighorn sheep Ovine HD array genotypes from National Parks, 2004-2011"},{"id":382578,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Idaho, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.49902343749999,\n 43.42100882994726\n ],\n [\n -108.28125,\n 43.42100882994726\n ],\n [\n -108.28125,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -116.49902343749999,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -116.49902343749999,\n 43.42100882994726\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flesch, Elizabeth P 0000-0002-7592-8124","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7592-8124","contributorId":222685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flesch","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Graves, Tabitha A. 0000-0001-5145-2400","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5145-2400","contributorId":202084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Tabitha A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomson, Jennifer 0000-0003-1921-0975","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1921-0975","contributorId":248418,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomson","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Proffitt, Kelly 0000-0001-5528-3309","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5528-3309","contributorId":210093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Proffitt","given":"Kelly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38065,"text":"Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Bozeman, Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"White, P.J.","contributorId":194049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stephenson, Thomas R","contributorId":248420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[{"id":12939,"text":"California Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Garrott, Robert A.","contributorId":171537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garrott","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70228261,"text":"70228261 - 2020 - Perceived ecological threats and economic benefits of non-native black bass in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T12:01:17.625618","indexId":"70228261","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-20T14:32:30","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5686,"text":"Fisheries Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Perceived ecological threats and economic benefits of non-native black bass in the United States","docAbstract":"Black bass Micropterus spp. are highly sought-after sport fish and, where introduced, are emblematic of the tradeoffs between ensuring productive fisheries and conserving native biodiversity. To disentangle these potentially conflicting interests, we administered a survey of fisheries biologists in the United States to assess perceptions regarding ecological and economic impacts of non-native black bass between anthropogenic and natural habitats. Our results indicate that non-native black bass are generally considered economically beneficial in both habitat types. Contrastingly, these species were perceived to have significantly more negative ecological impacts in natural than anthropogenic habitats. Our findings suggest that habitat may be an important factor to partition the conflicting ecological–economic dynamic of non-native black bass. Implications of this study suggest that challenges remain for managers attempting to balance the paradoxical nature of these species as both desired sport fishes and as potentially harmful invaders when found outside their native range.
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,{"id":70212841,"text":"70212841 - 2020 - Anadromous coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii as a host for Argulus pugettensis (Crustacea, Branchiura): Parasite prevalence, intensity and distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-08T20:44:22.693145","indexId":"70212841","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-20T14:27:50","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Anadromous coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii as a host for Argulus pugettensis (Crustacea, Branchiura): Parasite prevalence, intensity and distribution","title":"Anadromous coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii as a host for Argulus pugettensis (Crustacea, Branchiura): Parasite prevalence, intensity and distribution","docAbstract":"Coastal cutthroat trout [Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii (Richardson, 1836)] from the marine waters of Puget Sound, WA, was documented as a new host for the ectoparasite Argulus pugettensis (Dana, 1852). The prevalence of A. pugettensis was 66% (49 of 74) on cutthroat trout and 0% (0 of 55) on coho salmon [O. kisutch (Walbaum, 1792)] collected during the winter of 2017/2018. Infestations occurred most frequently on the dorsal surface, with intensities ranging from 1 to 26 argulids per fish (mean intensity 3.94 ± 4.93 S.D.). In contrast, the prevalence of the common salmon louse [Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1837)] was 72% for cutthroat trout and 31% for coho salmon. Relative to other native salmonids, little is known regarding the status, ecology and threats for coastal cutthroat trout. New information reported here is a first step in understanding the relationship between this wild, native trout and infestations by parasitic sea lice and should be followed by future studies aimed to identify population level consequences.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.3955/046.094.0202","usgsCitation":"Losee, J.P., Jones, S.R., McKinstry, C.A., Batts, W.N., and Hershberger, P., 2020, Anadromous coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii as a host for Argulus pugettensis (Crustacea, Branchiura): Parasite prevalence, intensity and distribution: Northwest Science, v. 94, no. 2, p. 111-117, https://doi.org/10.3955/046.094.0202.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"117","ipdsId":"IP-102738","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382044,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Losee, James P","contributorId":239689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Losee","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[{"id":47976,"text":"Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Program, Olympia, WA, 98501, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Simon R M","contributorId":239690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"R M","affiliations":[{"id":47977,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada, U.S.A.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKinstry, Caitlin A E","contributorId":239691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKinstry","given":"Caitlin","email":"","middleInitial":"A E","affiliations":[{"id":47978,"text":"Prince William Sound Science Center, Cordova, AK 99574","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Batts, William N. 0000-0002-6469-9004 bbatts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6469-9004","contributorId":3815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batts","given":"William","email":"bbatts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hershberger, Paul 0000-0002-2261-7760","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":203322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70216499,"text":"70216499 - 2020 - Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-24T14:05:15.269021","indexId":"70216499","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-20T08:03:44","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"14","title":"Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus)","docAbstract":"This chapter comprises the following sections: names, taxonomy, subspecies and distribution, descriptive notes, habitat, movements and home range, activity patterns, feeding ecology, reproduction and growth, behavior, parasites and diseases, status in the wild, and status in captivity.
Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions are the primary cause of climate change and an estimated increase of 3.7 to 4.8 °C is predicted by the year 2100 if emissions continue at current levels. Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) and giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) provide an interesting comparison study of the impact of climate change on bear species. While polar bears and giant pandas are arguably the most distant of the bear species with regard to life histories and behavior, both are likely to be significantly impacted by the broad-scale changes to their environment that are predicted to result from climate change. Herein, we review the conservation status of both species and their habitats, and present current and predicted evidence of the impacts of a changing climate on polar bear and giant panda survival.
The intermixed cropland, grassland, and wetland ecosystems of the upper mid-western United States combine to provide a suite of valuable ecological services. Grassland and wetland losses in the upper midwestern United States have been extensive, but government-funded conservation programs have protected and restored hundreds of thousands of acres of wetland and grassland habitat in the region. The value of restored wetlands in agricultural fields is complex, and the USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) has been lacking the methodology to include these conservation practices in their analyses. Our aim is to develop a reproducible methodology for simulating wetlands within the CEAP cropland modeling framework used to evaluate other agricultural conservation practices. Furthermore, we evaluate the effect of using upland conservation practices on the functioning of restored wetlands. By simulating the addition of a depressional wetland that effectively removes 6% of the field from crop production, we obtained a 15% reduction in annual runoff and a 29% and 28% reduction in mean annual nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses, respectively. The presence of the depressional wetland in the field is estimated to also reduce edge-of-field losses of sediments by 20% and sediment-bound N and P by 19% and 23%, respectively. Additionally, adding a grass filter strip around the wetland greatly decreased sediment inputs to the wetland, increasing the effective life of the wetland, in terms of its ability to perform valued services, by decades to centuries. Our method for modeling depressional wetlands embedded in cropped fields provides a means to quantify the effects of wetland conservation practices on field-level losses for regional assessments, such as the CEAP.
Geysers are rare geologic features that intermittently discharge liquid water and steam driven by heating and decompression boiling. The cause of variability in eruptive styles and the associated seismic signals are not well understood. Data collected from five broadband seismometers at Lone Star Geyser, Yellowstone National Park are used to determine the properties, location, and temporal patterns of hydrothermal tremor. The tremor is harmonic at some stages of the eruption cycle and is caused by near‐periodic repetition of discrete seismic events. Using the polarization of ground motion, we identify the location of tremor sources throughout several eruption cycles. During preplay episodes (smaller eruptions preceding the more vigorous major eruption), tremor occurs at depths of 7–10 m and is laterally offset from the geyser's cone by ~5 m. At the onset of the main eruption, tremor sources migrate laterally and become shallower. As the eruption progresses, tremor sources migrate along the same path but in the opposite direction, ending where preplay tremor originates. The upward and then downward migration of tremor sources during eruptions are consistent with warming of the conduit followed by evacuation of water during the main eruption. We identify systematic relations among the two types of preplays, discharge, and the main eruption. A point‐source moment tensor fit to low‐frequency waveforms of an individual tremor event using half‐space velocity models indicates average VS ≳ 0.8 km/s, source depths ~4–20 m, and moment tensors with primarily positive isotropic and compensated linear vector dipole moments.
We show that seismic attenuation ( ![\"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl61586:grl61586-math-0001\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/fe6e1bba-0f11-4326-9d90-0344d44a07b8/grl61586-math-0001.png\")
) along the San Andreas fault (SAF) at Parkfield correlates with the occurrence of moderate‐to‐large earthquakes at local and regional distances. Earthquake‐related ![\"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl61586:grl61586-math-0002\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/a89f08da-3eff-4c9e-95a4-b39accaeac3b/grl61586-math-0002.png\")
anomalies are likely caused by changes in permeability from dilatant static stress changes, damage by strong shaking from local sources, and pore unclogging/clogging from mobilization of colloids by dynamic strains. We find that, prior to the 2004 M6 Parkfield earthquake, prefailure conditions for some local events of moderate magnitude correspond to positive anomalies of ![\"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl61586:grl61586-math-0003\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/999ff49d-0c63-413d-a3d3-7163e4f59927/grl61586-math-0003.png\")
on the Pacific side, with local and regional earthquakes producing sharp attenuation reversals. After the 2004 Parkfield earthquake, we see higher ![\"urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl61586:grl61586-math-0004\"](\"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/4d674cda-5354-4c8d-a1a4-54b743103370/grl61586-math-0004.png\")
anomalies along the SAF, but low sensitivity to local and regional earthquakes, probably because the mainshock significantly altered the permeability state of the rocks adjacent to the SAF, and its sensitivity to earthquake‐induced stress perturbations.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020GL089201","usgsCitation":"Malagnini, L., and Parsons, T.E., 2020, Seismic attenuation monitoring of a critically stressed San Andreas fault: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 47, no. 23, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL089201.","productDescription":"11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117715","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380869,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault-Parkfield Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.72302246093749,\n 35.646137228802424\n ],\n [\n -120.64361572265624,\n 35.646137228802424\n ],\n [\n -120.64361572265624,\n 36.61332303966068\n ],\n [\n -121.72302246093749,\n 36.61332303966068\n ],\n [\n -121.72302246093749,\n 35.646137228802424\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malagnini, Luca 0000-0001-5809-9945","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-9945","contributorId":245308,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malagnini","given":"Luca","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5113,"text":"INGV","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0582-4338 tparsons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0582-4338","contributorId":2314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Thomas","email":"tparsons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70257085,"text":"70257085 - 2020 - Agricultural land-use change alters the structure and diversity of Amazon riparian forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-08-09T11:43:30.440477","indexId":"70257085","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-20T06:40:13","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Agricultural land-use change alters the structure and diversity of Amazon riparian forests","docAbstract":"Riparian forests play key roles in protecting biodiversity and water resources, making them priorities for conservation in human-dominated landscapes, but fragmentation associated with expanding tropical croplands threatens their ecological integrity. We compared the structure of tropical riparian forests within intact and cropland catchments in a region of intensive soybean production in the southeastern Brazilian Amazon. We studied forest plots (varying from 120 to 210 m long) that bisected riparian zone forests and headwater streams in ten catchments. Four plots were within large areas of intact primary forest and six were in bands of protected riparian forest along streams within croplands as required by the Brazilian Forest Code. We found that riparian forests in croplands harbored fewer species of trees and seedlings/saplings, and had higher proportions of opportunistic, pioneer tree species. We also found greater variation in tree species composition, and higher internal dissimilarity in croplands compared with forests. The observed patterns in tree species composition were driven mainly by differences between riparian forest-cropland edges and those bordering intact upland forests. Forests nearest to streams in cropland and forested catchments were more similar to one another. Results suggest that wider buffers are needed at the edges of croplands to maintain riparian forest structure. The minimum 30-m riparian buffers now required by the Brazilian Forest Code may thus be insufficient to prevent long-term shifts in riparian forest species composition and structure.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108862","usgsCitation":"Maracahipes-Santos, L., Silverio, D.V., Macedo, M.N., Maracahipes, L., Jankowski, K.J., Paolucci, L.N., Neill, C., and Brando, P.M., 2020, Agricultural land-use change alters the structure and diversity of Amazon riparian forests: Biological Conservation, v. 252, 108862, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108862.","productDescription":"108862","ipdsId":"IP-111697","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454786,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108862","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432429,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"252","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maracahipes-Santos, Leonardo 0000-0002-8402-1399","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8402-1399","contributorId":264463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maracahipes-Santos","given":"Leonardo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52936,"text":"Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazonia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Silverio, Divino Vicente 0000-0003-1642-9496","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1642-9496","contributorId":341976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silverio","given":"Divino","email":"","middleInitial":"Vicente","affiliations":[{"id":81817,"text":"Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Macedo, Marcia Nunes 0000-0001-8102-5901","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8102-5901","contributorId":341977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Macedo","given":"Marcia","email":"","middleInitial":"Nunes","affiliations":[{"id":81817,"text":"Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maracahipes, Leandro","contributorId":328553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maracahipes","given":"Leandro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12674,"text":"University of Campinas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jankowski, Kathi Jo 0000-0002-3292-4182","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-4182","contributorId":207429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jankowski","given":"Kathi","email":"","middleInitial":"Jo","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":909351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Paolucci, Lucas Navarro 0000-0001-6403-5200","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-5200","contributorId":341978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paolucci","given":"Lucas","email":"","middleInitial":"Navarro","affiliations":[{"id":81817,"text":"Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Neill, Christopher","contributorId":218247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neill","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":909353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brando, Paulo Monteiro 0000-0001-8952-7025","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8952-7025","contributorId":341979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brando","given":"Paulo","email":"","middleInitial":"Monteiro","affiliations":[{"id":81817,"text":"Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":909354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70228411,"text":"70228411 - 2020 - Rockhopper Penguin–Imperial Cormorant mixed colonies in the Falkland Islands: A stroke of luck for late breeders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-10T16:16:37.469632","indexId":"70228411","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-19T10:08:49","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rockhopper Penguin–Imperial Cormorant mixed colonies in the Falkland Islands: A stroke of luck for late breeders","docAbstract":"Mixed-species colonies occur frequently, especially among seabirds, and may provide mutual benefits among associated species including antipredator advantages. The “protector” species in such associations may provide early warning signals or by aggressively defending their own nests, may expel predators from the area. We explored costs and benefits to Rockhopper Penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome) in relation to offspring production in both monospecific colonies and those mixed with Imperial Cormorants (Phalacrocorax atriceps) at Saunders Island (Falkland Islands), emphasizing differences in predation pressure. We considered behavioral responses of chicks (in crèches), as well as differences in their nutritional condition, morphometric measurements, and survival compared among different breeding colonies. Our study revealed a paradox: High-quality adult penguins, those arriving early and occupying lower-elevation sites closer to the coast, produced better-nourished chicks earlier in the season. However, they averaged half the number of chicks fledged, compared to breeders that arrived later in the season. Late breeders were forced by unavailability of optimal habitat to nest in more elevated areas, forming mixed colonies with cormorants, which, in turn, provided them with protection from nest predators. This study provides an example of the role of luck in nature, and how it may compensate for differences in individual fitness.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.3272","usgsCitation":"Morandini, V., Dugger, K.M., Ainley, D., and Ferrer, M., 2020, Rockhopper Penguin–Imperial Cormorant mixed colonies in the Falkland Islands: A stroke of luck for late breeders: Ecosphere, v. 11, no. 11, e03272, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3272.","productDescription":"e03272, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111249","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454790,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3272","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Falkland Islands, Saunders Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -60.03410339355468,\n -51.33833359386698\n ],\n [\n -60.077362060546875,\n -51.29498801220168\n ],\n [\n -60.18791198730469,\n -51.30271596654796\n ],\n [\n -60.26962280273437,\n -51.261055492709\n ],\n [\n -60.33416748046875,\n -51.25589899305906\n ],\n [\n -60.337600708007805,\n -51.28768819403518\n ],\n [\n -60.24284362792969,\n -51.33189872071528\n ],\n [\n -60.264129638671875,\n -51.36063416174487\n ],\n [\n -60.332107543945305,\n -51.388066116760086\n ],\n [\n -60.24696350097657,\n -51.436888577204975\n ],\n [\n -60.194091796875,\n -51.41291212935531\n ],\n [\n -60.11444091796876,\n -51.40862929698623\n ],\n [\n -60.03410339355468,\n -51.33833359386698\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morandini, Virginia","contributorId":275712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morandini","given":"Virginia","affiliations":[{"id":25426,"text":"OSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dugger, Katie M. 0000-0002-4148-246X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4148-246X","contributorId":36037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Katie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":517,"text":"Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":834239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ainley, David","contributorId":275713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ainley","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":56884,"text":"htha","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferrer, Miguel","contributorId":275714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferrer","given":"Miguel","affiliations":[{"id":56885,"text":"aeg","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70216758,"text":"70216758 - 2020 - Cytology reveals diverse cell morphotypes and cellin-cell interactions in normal collector sea urchins Tripneustes gratilla","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-04T16:12:31.95667","indexId":"70216758","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-19T09:57:03","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Cytology reveals diverse cell morphotypes and cellin-cell interactions in normal collector sea urchins Tripneustes gratilla","title":"Cytology reveals diverse cell morphotypes and cellin-cell interactions in normal collector sea urchins Tripneustes gratilla","docAbstract":"Echinoderms such as sea urchins are important in marine ecosystems, particularly as grazers, and unhealthy sea urchins can have important ecological implications. For instance, unexplained mortalities of Diadema antillarum in the Caribbean were followed by algal overgrowth and subsequent collapse of coral reef ecosystems. Unfortunately, few tools exist to evaluate echinoderm health, making management of mortalities or other health issues problematic. Hematology is often used to assess health in many animal groups, including invertebrates, but is seldom applied to echinoderms. We used a standard gravitometric technique to concentrate fixed coelomocytes from the collector sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla onto microscope slides, permitting staining and enumeration. Using Romanowsky stain and electron microscopy to visualize cell details, we found that urchin cells could be partitioned into different morphotypes. Specifically, we enumerated phagocytes, phagocytes with perinuclear cytoplasmic dots, vibratile cells, colorless spherule cells, red spherule cells, and red spherule cells with pink granules. We also saw cell-in-cell interactions characterized by phagocytes apparently phagocytizing mainly the motile cells including red spherule cells, colorless spherule cells, and vibratile cells disproportionate to underlying populations of circulating cells. Cell-in-cell interactions were seen in 71% of sea urchins, but comprised <1% of circulating cells. Finally, about 40% of sea urchins had circulating phagocytes that were apparently phagocytizing spicules. The coelomic fluid collection and slide preparation methods described here are simple, field portable, and might be a useful complementary tool for assessing health of other marine invertebrates, revealing heretofore unknown physiological phenomena in this animal group.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Publisher","doi":"10.3354/dao03533","usgsCitation":"Work, T.M., Millard, E., Mariani, D.B., Weatherby, T.M., Rameyer, R., Dagenais, J., Breeden, R., and Beale, A., 2020, Cytology reveals diverse cell morphotypes and cellin-cell interactions in normal collector sea urchins Tripneustes gratilla: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 142, p. 63-73, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03533.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"73","ipdsId":"IP-120179","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454792,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03533","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9VUQH51","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data on blood cells of the collector urchin, Tripneustes gratilla"},{"id":380985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"South Oahu","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.104248046875,\n 21.20233749272323\n ],\n [\n -157.65243530273438,\n 21.20233749272323\n ],\n [\n -157.65243530273438,\n 21.30600789859976\n ],\n [\n -158.104248046875,\n 21.30600789859976\n ],\n [\n -158.104248046875,\n 21.20233749272323\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"142","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Millard, Elena","contributorId":245382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Millard","given":"Elena","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49176,"text":"Sumner Veterinary Hospital, 16024 60th St E, Sumner, WA, USA.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mariani, Daniela B.","contributorId":245383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mariani","given":"Daniela","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":49177,"text":"Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weatherby, Tina M.","contributorId":245384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weatherby","given":"Tina","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":36402,"text":"University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rameyer, Robert 0000-0002-2145-1746 bob_rameyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-1746","contributorId":150128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rameyer","given":"Robert","email":"bob_rameyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dagenais, Julie","contributorId":245385,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dagenais","given":"Julie","affiliations":[{"id":13108,"text":"IAP World Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Breeden, Renee 0000-0001-5910-3627 rbreeden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5910-3627","contributorId":149679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breeden","given":"Renee","email":"rbreeden@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Beale, Allison","contributorId":245386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beale","given":"Allison","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49178,"text":"Leeward Community College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":806100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70216445,"text":"sir20205095 - 2020 - Landscape and climatic influences on actual evapotranspiration and available water using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) Model in eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-14T19:39:33.551007","indexId":"sir20205095","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-19T07:20:28","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-5095","displayTitle":"Landscape and Climatic Influences on Actual Evapotranspiration and Available Water Using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) Model in Eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2015","title":"Landscape and climatic influences on actual evapotranspiration and available water using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) Model in eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2015","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Bernalillo County Public Works Division, conducted a 1-year study in 2015 to assess the spatial and temporal distribution of evapotranspiration (ET) and available water within the East Mountain area in Bernalillo County, New Mexico. ET and available water vary spatiotemporally because of complex interactions among environmental factors, including vegetation characteristics, soil characteristics, topography, and climate.
Precipitation data from the Parameter-Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) (P) were used in conjunction with actual ET (ETa) data from the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model to estimate available water (P – ETa) at 100-meter (m) resolution in the study area. Maps, descriptive statistics, boxplots, regression analyses (continuous data), and multiple comparison tests (categorical data) were used to characterize P, ETa, and available water and their relations to topographic, soil, and vegetation datasets in the East Mountain area. Five categories of the natural land-cover type (evergreen forest, shrub, herbaceous, deciduous forest, and mixed forest) and four categories of developed land-cover type specific to residential intensity (developed open, developed low, developed medium, and developed high) were analyzed individually and in interaction with multiple elevation, tree canopy, and soil texture classes.
Annual mean P in 2015 in the East Mountain area was 608 millimeters (mm), and annual mean ETa was 543 mm (89 percent of annual P in 2015), indicating that in 2015, a spatial mean of about 65 mm of water was available for runoff, soil moisture replenishment, or groundwater recharge. Monthly ETa was greatest in July and smallest in January. The intervening months did not show smooth temporal or consistent spatial changes from month to month. Months with lower ETa (January to March, October to December) also tended to have greater available water, indicating that soil moisture (water supply) and potential ET (water demand) may have been out of phase.
Regression analyses showed that monthly ETa data had the highest correlation with annual ETa among the atmospheric, topographic, soil, or vegetation datasets, particularly during the early and late growing season (March, April, May, and September). In contrast, monthly P was highly variable and not as highly correlated with annual ETa. Among landscape variables, correlations with annual ETa were highest for tree canopy cover (coefficient of determination [R2] = 0.46). Correlations between ETa and other landscape variables were lower (R2 = 0.06–0.19): available soil water in the top 100 centimeters, soil bulk density of layer 1, slope, sand content of soil layer 1, soil depth, available soil water in the top 25 centimeters, leaf area index, aspect eastness, and elevation. Evergreen forest areas had the highest annual median ETa, followed by mixed forest, open residential areas, and deciduous forest. Available water typically was higher in landcover types with lower ETa: herbaceous cover, followed by deciduous forest, high-intensity developed areas, and shrub. Deciduous forest had the second highest median available water, despite having the fourth highest ETa, because deciduous forest had greater P than most other areas. Annual median ETa typically was greatest in the second highest elevation band (2,401–2,800 m above the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 [NAVD 88]), and lower in the highest elevation band (2,801–3,254 m above NAVD 88), despite having greater P, likely because of decreased tree canopy cover or a shift from evergreen to deciduous trees at the highest elevations.
Annual median ETa increased with tree canopy cover, regardless of landcover type. ETa correlation was higher with tree canopy than with leaf area index or normalized difference vegetation index. This result indicates that it is important to include the thermal band (from satellite multispectral data) in vegetation indices used to describe ETa, perhaps to account for the influence of energy limitation or water limitation on ET. Of all natural landcover types, finer soils had the most available water, whereas coarser soils had the least available water. Relations of soil type with P – ETa were different than with ETa, indicating ET and available water have a complex response to differences in soil type. Further modeling would be useful in determining soils’ infiltration, storage, conductivity, and plant-water availability relations to individual storms for each position in the landscape, as well as the corresponding effects of these processes on ET and available water.
The best multivariate linear model for annual ETa had an R2 value of 0.62. Monthly ETa models had R2 values between 0.16 and 0.65. Models usually, but not always, performed best during the growing season. These results indicate that even the best multivariate linear models cannot explain a notable amount of the variability in ET. The monthly ETa models with the highest correlations (August and September) followed a July having almost twice the mean precipitation for July (1981–2010), which indicates that a soil-moisture variable is needed to more accurately model monthly ETa. Further study is needed to better characterize this system, the variables that affect ET and available water, and the partitioning of available water into runoff, soil moisture storage, and groundwater recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20205095","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bernalillo County Public Works Division","usgsCitation":"Douglas-Mankin, K.R., McCutcheon, R.J., Mitchell, A.C., and Senay, G.B., 2020, Landscape and climatic influences on actual evapotranspiration and available water using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) Model in eastern Bernalillo County, New Mexico, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020–5095, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205095.","productDescription":"x, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-101269","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380594,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5095/sir20205095.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.90 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2020–5095"},{"id":380593,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2020/5095/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Bernalillo County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.65252685546875,\n 34.879171662167664\n ],\n [\n -105.88623046874999,\n 34.879171662167664\n ],\n [\n -105.88623046874999,\n 35.35545618392078\n ],\n [\n -106.65252685546875,\n 35.35545618392078\n ],\n [\n -106.65252685546875,\n 34.879171662167664\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6700 Edith Blvd. NE
Albuquerque, NM 87113
","tableOfContents":"- Abstract
- Introduction
- Background
- Materials and Methods
- Climate in the East Mountain Area for the Study Period, 2015
- ETa and Available Water in the East Mountain Area
- Spatial and Temporal Variability of ETa and Available Water
- Landscape and Climatic Effects on ETa and Available Water
- Summary and Conclusions
- References Cited
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-11-19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Douglas-Mankin, Kyle R. 0000-0002-3155-3666","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3155-3666","contributorId":203927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas-Mankin","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCutcheon, Ryan J. 0000-0003-3775-006X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3775-006X","contributorId":245006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCutcheon","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, Aurelia C. 0000-0003-3302-4546","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3302-4546","contributorId":222580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Aurelia C.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70217013,"text":"70217013 - 2020 - Effectiveness of submerged vanes for stabilizing streamside bluffs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-28T12:27:46.986888","indexId":"70217013","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-19T06:27:08","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effectiveness of submerged vanes for stabilizing streamside bluffs","docAbstract":"The effectiveness of submerged vanes for stabilizing streamside bluffs varied over a 10-year monitoring period in a tributary to Lake Superior, United States. Submerged vanes are a river training device used to divert river flows away from eroding banks along meander bends and ultimately hold constant or reverse the direction of lateral migration. At the study site, the relatively steep slope, large substrate size, and flashy flow regime pushed the upper end of the design limitations of submerged vanes. Changes in channel location and morphology due to the vanes were monitored using repeat channel cross-section surveys along a 110-m reach. The vanes experienced 15 floods over the monitoring period. The two most damaging floods happened in the summer and fall of 2005 with annual exceedance probabilities of 7% and 6% respectively. A new data analysis method for rivers, using centroids of cross sections, was useful to track channel migration rapidly and objectively and, along with calculations of changes in bankfull channel size, provide metrics to describe channel change.
Channel Island foxes (Urocyon littoralis) live on six of the eight California Channel Islands, and each island is inhabited by a distinct subspecies. Until recently, four of these subspecies were listed under the Endangered Species Act as endangered. Although three of the four subspecies have been delisted, and one subspecies was downlisted to threatened, all subspecies are still vulnerable because of small population sizes and potential threats from predation and disease. Consequently, information on reproductive behavior for each subspecies, including the San Clemente Island fox (Urocyon littoralis clementae), is important for understanding fox population dynamics. We determined reproductive status of 28 island foxes through observations of radio collared yearlings and adults with or without juveniles between 25 February and 8 October 2009. We found a greater number of adult foxes than yearling foxes and a greater number of female foxes than male foxes observed with juveniles. Also, there was a significantly greater probability of observing adult female foxes with juveniles than yearling males with juveniles. Only 1 of 28 radio collared foxes exhibited either polygamous or “helper” behaviors. Parturition started approximately 2 months earlier than historically recorded for other Channel Island fox subspecies. Our results suggest that in future studies of reproductive success more effort should be placed on monitoring adult females than yearling males. If emergence from dens continues to occur earlier than previously recorded, the current recommended time period for trapping (20 June–31 January) might need revision to exclude January to reduce stress to pregnant females. If all foxes have similar probabilities of transmitting disease on a given contact with juveniles, our data suggest that it may be appropriate to focus more vaccination efforts on females than males and adults than yearlings because they contact juveniles more frequently.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1894/0038-4909-64.3-4.164","usgsCitation":"Hamblen, E.E., Andelt, W.F., and Stanley, T.R., 2020, Reproduction and denning by San Clemente Island Foxes: Age, sex, and polygamy: The Southwestern Naturalist, v. 64, no. 3-4, p. 164-172, https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909-64.3-4.164.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"172","ipdsId":"IP-095894","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380872,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Channel Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.33099365234375,\n 32.78958351251041\n ],\n [\n -118.25958251953124,\n 33.37182502950726\n ],\n [\n -118.63586425781249,\n 33.53452667616054\n ],\n [\n -119.40216064453126,\n 34.05265942137599\n ],\n [\n -119.94049072265625,\n 34.109530506665884\n ],\n [\n -120.46234130859376,\n 34.0822371521209\n ],\n [\n -120.47607421874999,\n 33.99119576995599\n ],\n [\n -120.06683349609374,\n 33.84076406581977\n ],\n [\n -119.55322265624999,\n 33.169743600216165\n ],\n [\n -118.36944580078124,\n 32.759562025650126\n ],\n [\n -118.33099365234375,\n 32.78958351251041\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamblen, Emily E.","contributorId":245310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamblen","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andelt, William F.","contributorId":49296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andelt","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanley, Thomas R. 0000-0002-8393-0005 stanleyt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-0005","contributorId":209928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Thomas","email":"stanleyt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70216741,"text":"70216741 - 2020 - Impacts of environmental conditions on fleas in black-tailed prairie dog burrows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-03T14:15:29.931166","indexId":"70216741","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-18T08:10:41","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2489,"text":"Journal of Vector Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of environmental conditions on fleas in black-tailed prairie dog burrows","docAbstract":"Sylvatic plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and transmitted by fleas, occurs in prairie dogs of the western United States. Outbreaks can devastate prairie dog communities, often causing nearly 100% mortality. Three competent flea vectors, prairie dog specialists Oropsylla hirsuta and O. tuberculata, and generalist Pulex simulans, are found on prairie dogs and in their burrows. Fleas are affected by climate, which varies across the range of black‐tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus), but these effects may be ameliorated somewhat due to the burrowing habits of prairie dogs. Our goal was to assess how temperature and precipitation affect off‐host flea abundance and whether relative flea abundance varied across the range of black‐tailed prairie dogs. Flea abundance was measured by swabbing 300 prairie dog burrows at six widely distributed sites in early and late summer of 2016 and 2017. Relative abundance of flea species varied among sites and sampling sessions. Flea abundance and prevalence increased with monthly mean high temperature and declined with higher winter precipitation. Predicted climate change in North America will likely influence flea abundance and distribution, thereby impacting plague dynamics in prairie dog colonies.
We develop ensemble ShakeMaps for various magnitude 9 (M\">MM 9) earthquakes on the Cascadia megathrust. Ground‐shaking estimates are based on 30 M\">MM 9 Cascadia earthquake scenarios, which were selected using a logic‐tree approach that varied the hypocenter location, down‐dip rupture limit, slip distribution, and location of strong‐motion‐generating subevents. In a previous work, Frankel et al. (2018) used a hybrid approach (i.e., 3D deterministic simulations for frequencies <1  Hz\"><1 Hz<1 Hz and stochastic synthetics for frequencies >1  Hz\">>1 Hz>1 Hz) and uniform site amplification factors to create broadband seismograms from this set of 30 earthquake scenarios. Here, we expand on this work by computing site‐specific amplification factors for the Pacific Northwest and applying these factors to the ground‐motion estimates derived from Frankel et al. (2018). In addition, we use empirical ground‐motion models (GMMs) to expand the ground‐shaking estimates beyond the original model extent of Frankel et al. (2018) to cover all of Washington State, Oregon, northern California, and southern British Columbia to facilitate the use of these ensemble ShakeMaps in region‐wide risk assessments and scenario planning exercises. Using this updated set of 30 M\">MM 9 Cascadia earthquake scenarios, we present ensemble ShakeMaps for the median, 2nd, 16th, 84th, and 98th percentile ground‐motion intensity measures. Whereas traditional scenario ShakeMaps are based on a single hypothetical earthquake rupture, our ensemble ShakeMaps take advantage of a logic‐tree approach to estimating ground motions from multiple earthquake rupture scenarios. In addition, 3D earthquake simulations capture important features such as strong ground‐motion amplification in the Pacific Northwest’s sedimentary basins, which are not well represented in the empirical GMMs that compose traditional scenario ShakeMaps. Overall, our results highlight the importance of strong‐motion‐generating subevents for coastal sites, as well as the amplification of long‐period ground shaking in deep sedimentary basins, compared with previous scenario ShakeMaps for Cascadia.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220200240","usgsCitation":"Wirth, E.A., Grant, A.R., Marafi, N.A., and Frankel, A.D., 2020, Ensemble ShakeMaps for magnitude 9 earthquakes on the Cascadia Subduction Zone: Seismological Research Letters, v. 92, no. 1, p. 199-211, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200240.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"211","ipdsId":"IP-120218","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381570,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Cascadia Subduction Zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -126.65039062499999,\n 37.405073750176925\n ],\n [\n -118.95996093749999,\n 37.405073750176925\n ],\n [\n -118.95996093749999,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -126.65039062499999,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -126.65039062499999,\n 37.405073750176925\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wirth, Erin A. 0000-0002-8592-4442","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8592-4442","contributorId":207853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirth","given":"Erin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grant, Alex R. 0000-0002-5096-4305","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5096-4305","contributorId":219066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Alex","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marafi, Nasser A.","contributorId":197874,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marafi","given":"Nasser","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":807162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frankel, Arthur D. 0000-0001-9119-6106 afrankel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":146285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","email":"afrankel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70220562,"text":"70220562 - 2020 - Brood parasitism of greater sage-grouse by California Quail in Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-20T12:09:38.327609","indexId":"70220562","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-18T07:35:46","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3746,"text":"Western North American Naturalist","onlineIssn":"1944-8341","printIssn":"1527-0904","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brood parasitism of greater sage-grouse by California Quail in Idaho","docAbstract":"We describe a case of brood parasitism of a Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse) nest by California Quail (Callipepla californica; hereafter, quail) in southwestern Idaho during 2019. We observed one quail egg in the parasitized nest; the egg partially hatched, but the chick was dead upon the final nest check. Of the 6 sage-grouse eggs in the nest, only 2 hatched, although the eggs contained chicks that appeared nearly completely developed. Identification of the quail chick was confirmed using mitochondrial DNA. Additional monitoring and documentation of this behavioral interaction is warranted to better understand its prevalence and any reproductive consequences for sage-grouse.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.3398/064.080.0418","usgsCitation":"Rabon, J.C., McIntire, S.E., Coates, P.S., Ricca, M.A., and Johnson, T.N., 2020, Brood parasitism of greater sage-grouse by California Quail in Idaho: Western North American Naturalist, v. 80, no. 4, p. 569-572, https://doi.org/10.3398/064.080.0418.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"569","endPage":"572","ipdsId":"IP-113760","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385755,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.02636718749999,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -116.98242187499999,\n 45.73685954736049\n ],\n [\n -117.333984375,\n 44.37098696297173\n ],\n [\n -116.98242187499999,\n 42.06560675405716\n ],\n [\n -111.09374999999999,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -111.0498046875,\n 45.058001435398275\n ],\n [\n -112.763671875,\n 44.59046718130883\n ],\n [\n -115.97167968750001,\n 47.96050238891509\n ],\n [\n -116.05957031249999,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -117.02636718749999,\n 48.980216985374994\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rabon, Jordan C.","contributorId":223734,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rabon","given":"Jordan","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40761,"text":"Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntire, Sarah E","contributorId":223733,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntire","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":40761,"text":"Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coates, Peter S. 0000-0003-2672-9994 pcoates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9994","contributorId":3263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"Peter","email":"pcoates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ricca, Mark A. 0000-0003-1576-513X mark_ricca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-513X","contributorId":139103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricca","given":"Mark","email":"mark_ricca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Tracey N. 0000-0003-3480-8596","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3480-8596","contributorId":223735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Tracey","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":40761,"text":"Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70219111,"text":"70219111 - 2020 - Baseflow age distributions and depth of active groundwater flow in a snow‐dominated mountain headwater basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-25T11:56:41.937759","indexId":"70219111","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-18T07:04:55","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Baseflow age distributions and depth of active groundwater flow in a snow‐dominated mountain headwater basin","docAbstract":"Deeper flows through bedrock in mountain watersheds could be important, but lack of data to characterize bedrock properties limits understanding. To address data scarcity, we combine a previously published integrated hydrologic model of a snow‐dominated, headwater basin of the Colorado River with a new method for dating baseflow age using dissolved gas tracers SF6, CFC‐113, N2, and Ar. The original flow model predicts the majority of groundwater flow through shallow alluvium (<8 m) sitting on top of less permeable bedrock. The water moves too quickly and is unable to reproduce observed SF6 concentrations. To match gas data, bedrock permeability is increased to allow a larger fraction of deeper and older groundwater flow (median 112 m). The updated hydrologic model indicates interannual variability in baseflow age (3–12 years) is controlled by the volume of seasonal interflow and tightly coupled to snow accumulation and monsoon rain. Deeper groundwater flow remains stable (11.7 ± 0.7 years) as a function mean historical recharge to bedrock hydraulic conductivity (R/K). A sensitivity analysis suggests that increasing bedrock K effectively moves this alpine basin away from its original conceptualization of hyperlocalized groundwater flow (high R/K) with groundwater age insensitive to changes in water inputs. Instead, this basin is situated close to the precipitation threshold defining recharge controlled groundwater flow conditions (low R/K) in which groundwater age increases with small reductions in precipitation. Work stresses the need to explore alternative methods characterizing bedrock properties in mountain basins to better quantify deeper groundwater flow and predict their hydrologic response to change.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020WR028161","usgsCitation":"Carroll, R.W., Manning, A.H., Niswonger, R.G., Marchetti, D.W., and Williams, K.H., 2020, Baseflow age distributions and depth of active groundwater flow in a snow‐dominated mountain headwater basin: Water Resources Research, v. 56, no. 12, e2020WR028161, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028161.","productDescription":"e2020WR028161, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-115011","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028161","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.039306640625,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -106.138916015625,\n 37.00255267215955\n ],\n [\n -106.138916015625,\n 40.98819156349393\n ],\n [\n -109.039306640625,\n 40.98819156349393\n ],\n [\n -109.039306640625,\n 37.00255267215955\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carroll, Rosemary W.H. 0000-0002-9302-8074","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9302-8074","contributorId":178784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carroll","given":"Rosemary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":812816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manning, Andrew H. 0000-0002-6404-1237 amanning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-1237","contributorId":1305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"Andrew","email":"amanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Niswonger, Richard G. 0000-0001-6397-2403 rniswon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6397-2403","contributorId":197892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niswonger","given":"Richard","email":"rniswon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":812818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marchetti, David W 0000-0002-1246-0798","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1246-0798","contributorId":255716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marchetti","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":38118,"text":"Western Colorado University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":812819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, Kenneth H. 0000-0002-3568-1155","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3568-1155","contributorId":176791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":812820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70220896,"text":"70220896 - 2020 - Seabird synthesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-01T19:35:28.963466","indexId":"70220896","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-17T14:27:37","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Seabird synthesis","docAbstract":"Overall, the status of seabirds was fair to good in the WGOA in 2020, with limited data available from Middleton Island, Cook Inlet, and the Kodiak Archipelago (Figure 63). Colony attendance remains low in some populations compared to historic levels, and some colonies were newly abandoned. However, when birds did arrive to breed, reproductive success generally appeared fair to good for fish-eating, surface-feeding birds and fish-eating, diving birds. There was spatial variability in colony attendance and reproductive success, with Middleton Island birds performing more strongly than Kodiak Island or Cook Inlet. Middleton Island populations from both these groups experienced their strongest breeding seasons since the marine heatwave began in 2014, suggesting an increase in the availability of small schooling fish in that region of WGOA. No large-scale mortality event was recorded based on monthly beach surveys in the WGOA. This year’s integrated approach to reporting seabird status is less comparable to previous Ecosystem Status Reports, as the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge’s seabird reproductive success time series were not updated, due to COVID-19 related survey cancellations.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystem status report 2020 Gulf of Alaska","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"NOAA","usgsCitation":"Arimitsu, M.L., Burgess, H.K., Corcoran, R., Hatch, S., Jones, T., Lindsey, J., Marsteller, C.E., Piatt, J., and Schoen, S.K., 2020, Seabird synthesis, chap. of Ecosystem status report 2020 Gulf of Alaska, p. 121-128.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"128","ipdsId":"IP-123184","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":386016,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archive.fisheries.noaa.gov/afsc/refm/stocks/plan_team/2020/GOAecosys.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cook Inlet, Gulf of Alaska. Kodiak Archipelago, Middleton Island,","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.6103515625,\n 56.255557451930585\n ],\n [\n -147.63427734375,\n 56.255557451930585\n ],\n [\n -147.63427734375,\n 61.845782829572485\n ],\n [\n -155.6103515625,\n 61.845782829572485\n ],\n [\n -155.6103515625,\n 56.255557451930585\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arimitsu, Mayumi L. 0000-0001-6982-2238 marimitsu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6982-2238","contributorId":140501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arimitsu","given":"Mayumi","email":"marimitsu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burgess, Hillary K.","contributorId":220053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burgess","given":"Hillary","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":40123,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Corcoran, Robin","contributorId":242629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corcoran","given":"Robin","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatch, Scott","contributorId":258853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":52319,"text":"ISRC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jones, Tim","contributorId":149501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":17757,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Atlantic Coast Joint Venture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lindsey, Jackie","contributorId":203501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Jackie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36637,"text":"Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, 8272 Moss Landing Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":816731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Marsteller, Caitlin Elizabeth 0000-0002-2430-0708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2430-0708","contributorId":251784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsteller","given":"Caitlin","email":"","middleInitial":"Elizabeth","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":244053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Schoen, Sarah K. 0000-0002-5685-5185 sschoen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5685-5185","contributorId":5136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoen","given":"Sarah","email":"sschoen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":816643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70216405,"text":"ofr20201123 - 2020 - Field comparison of five in situ turbidity sensors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-19T15:03:44.391711","indexId":"ofr20201123","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-17T10:45:04","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1123","displayTitle":"Field Comparison of Five In Situ Turbidity Sensors","title":"Field comparison of five in situ turbidity sensors","docAbstract":"Five commercially available turbidity sensors were field tested by the U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility for accuracy and data comparability. The tested sensors were the Xylem EXO (EXO), the Hach Solitax sc (Solitax), the In Situ Aqua TROLL sensor installed onto a TROLL 600 sonde (TROLL 600), the Campbell Scientific OBS501 (OBS501), and the Observator ANALITE NEP–5000 (NEP–5000). The sensors were deployed at Pearl River at National Space Technology Laboratories Station, Mississippi (U.S. Geological Survey site 02492620), and were serviced weekly. In addition to the five in situ turbidity sensors, corresponding discrete samples were collected and analyzed during the evaluation on a calibrated Hach 2100N benchtop turbidimeter. The OBS501 malfunctioned early in the evaluation and eventually failed, resulting in few data from the sensor.
During this study, the four remaining sensors (minus the OBS501) changed similarly throughout the field test; however, sensor data from the EXO consistently demonstrated lower results than the Solitax, TROLL 600, and NEP–5000, possibly because of the variation in raw signal processing among manufacturers. Results from a single factor analysis of variance test and a Tukey Honestly Significant Difference test verified the low bias observed in the EXO data and indicated there was a significant difference between the EXO data and data from the Solitax, TROLL 600, and NEP–5000 but an insignificant difference among the data when the Solitax, TROLL 600, and NEP–5000 were compared to each other.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201123","usgsCitation":"Snazelle, T.T., 2020, Field comparison of five in situ turbidity sensors: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1123, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201123.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 15 p.; Data Release; Dataset","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-103944","costCenters":[{"id":37786,"text":"WMA - Observing Systems Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380549,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1123/ofr20201123.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.94 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020–1123"},{"id":380548,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1123/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":380550,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KDERG6","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Turbidity data collected by five in situ sensors at USGS site 02492620 Pearl River at NSTL station, Mississippi, from November 2017 to January 2018"},{"id":380551,"rank":4,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database","description":"USGS Dataset","linkHelpText":"— USGS water data for the Nation"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"National Space Technology Laboratories Station","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.0274658203125,\n 30.211608223816906\n ],\n [\n -89.28314208984375,\n 30.211608223816906\n ],\n [\n -89.28314208984375,\n 30.41078179084589\n ],\n [\n -90.0274658203125,\n 30.41078179084589\n ],\n [\n -90.0274658203125,\n 30.211608223816906\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"U.S. Geological Survey
Water Mission Area
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
","tableOfContents":"- Abstract
- Introduction
- Purpose and Scope
- Standards and Methods
- Description of Tested Sensors
- Field Deployment at U.S. Geological Survey Site 02492620 Pearl River at National Space Technology Laboratories Station
- Test Results
- Summary
- Acknowledgments
- References Cited
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-11-17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snazelle, Teri T. 0000-0001-9205-3107 tsnazelle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9205-3107","contributorId":147328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snazelle","given":"Teri","email":"tsnazelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70218670,"text":"70218670 - 2020 - Divergent movement patterns of adult and juvenile ‘Akohekohe, an endangered Hawaiian Honeycreeper","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-04T14:14:27.276256","indexId":"70218670","displayToPublicDate":"2020-11-17T08:07:01","publicationYear":"2020","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Divergent movement patterns of adult and juvenile ‘Akohekohe, an endangered Hawaiian Honeycreeper","docAbstract":"The movement patterns of birds across a landscape are often highly variable and influenced by complex interactions between individuals and environments. Because periods of movement can be marked by high mortality, especially among juvenile birds, understanding these patterns may be vital for the conservation of many bird species. However, these patterns can be challenging to quantify. We used radio‐telemetry to document the movement patterns of ‘Akohekohe (Palmeria dolei), an endangered Hawaiian Honeycreeper endemic to Maui Island, Hawai'i. This species is believed to be highly susceptible to mosquito‐transmitted avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) and only breeds in high‐elevation wet forests on the windward side of east Maui (> 1715 m) that serve as mosquito‐free refugia. Over a 2‐yr period (2013–2014), we used radio‐telemetry and resightings of color‐banded birds to track the movements of juveniles (N = 11) and adults (N = 24) and quantified home ranges with minimum convex polygons (MCP) and 95% fixed kernels (KHR). Movement patterns and home range sizes of adult and juvenile ‘Akohekohe were significantly different, with adults having relatively small home ranges (0.57 ha, MCP; 1.09 ha, KHR) and juveniles moving greater distances and having larger home ranges (25.02 ha, MCP; 90.56 ha, KHR). Only juveniles moved into lower‐elevation forests that can support mosquito populations, at least seasonally. The absence of adults in this transitional malaria zone suggests that adult ‘Akohekohe cannot maintain long‐term home ranges in areas with an increased risk of malaria infection. In addition, the long‐distance movements of juveniles during the post‐fledging, pre‐breeding period likely increases their risk of contracting avian malaria and could be a key factor limiting the population of this species.
The U.S. Geological Survey monitored dissolved nitrate plus nitrite as nitrogen (N) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and calculated loads of these constituents at the W.P. Franklin Lock and Dam (S-79) from April 2014 to December 2017. Flows from Lake Okeechobee controlled by S-77, S-78 and S-79 affect water quality in the downstream Caloosahatchee River Estuary, where increased nutrients and dissolved organic matter are of concern. Numerous algal blooms have occurred in the Caloosahatchee River and downstream estuaries in recent years (2005–18) and are often attributed to eutrophication. Dissolved nitrate plus nitrite as N (hereafter, referred to as nitrate) data were collected at 15-minute intervals using a submersible ultraviolet optical nitrate sensor. The instrument data were corrected for interferences, as determined by the relation between instrument measurements and 20 concurrent laboratory values. A surrogate model, based on 36 concurrent measurements of DOC, fluorescence of chromophoric dissolved organic matter, and specific conductance, was developed to calculate DOC at 15-minute intervals.
Mean and median calculated nitrate concentrations for the study period (2014–17) were both 0.21 milligram per liter (mg/L). Monthly mean nitrate concentrations ranged from 0.04 mg/L in April 2017 to 0.48 mg/L in November 2015. Monthly mean nitrate concentrations and the proportion of water that was attributed to Lake Okeechobee discharge, released through S-79, were weakly correlated and indicate that the nitrate concentrations typically decreased as the percentage of water released from the lake increased. Annual nitrate loads were 278 metric tons in 2015, 782 metric tons in 2016, and 525 metric tons in 2017. Monthly mean nitrate loads ranged from 1.2 metric tons in April 2017 to 171.3 metric tons in February 2016. Nitrate loads increased linearly with an increase in flow and typically increased during the wet season, May to October. Monthly loads of nitrate were strongly correlated with flow at S-77 and S-79.
Mean and median calculated DOC concentrations for the study period were 18.3 mg/L and 18.9 mg/L, respectively. Monthly mean DOC concentrations ranged from 12.6 mg/L in May 2017 to 21.5 mg/L in September 2015. Generally, DOC concentrations were lower during the dry season months (November to April) and higher during the wet season months. Monthly mean DOC concentrations were moderately correlated with monthly mean flow volumes at S-79. There was a strong correlation between monthly mean DOC concentrations and the proportion of water released at S-79 that can be attributed directly to Lake Okeechobee, indicating that contributions between Moore Haven Lock and Dam (S-77) and S-79 have a higher DOC concentration than water released from Lake Okeechobee. Monthly mean nitrate concentrations and monthly mean DOC concentrations were strongly correlated. Annual loads of DOC were 23,960 metric tons in 2015 and 65,610 metric tons in 2016 (2014 and 2017 data were incomplete). Monthly loads of DOC ranged from 284 metric tons in May 2017 to 15,122 metric tons in September 2017, the latter corresponding to the effects from Hurricane Irma. Monthly loads of DOC were strongly correlated with flow at S-77 and S-79.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201094","collaboration":"USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science Program","usgsCitation":"Booth, A., 2020, Measured and calculated nitrate and dissolved organic carbon concentrations and loads at the W.P. Franklin Lock and Dam, S-79, south Florida, 2014-17: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020-1094, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201094.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 37 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-091619","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380478,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1094/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":380479,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1094/ofr20201094.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.50 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1094"},{"id":380480,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9V4ZGWU","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Calculated carbon concentrations, Franklin Lock and Dam (S-79) southern Florida, 2014-2017"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"W.P. Franklin Lock and Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.7437744140625,\n 26.701452590314368\n ],\n [\n -81.47735595703125,\n 26.701452590314368\n ],\n [\n -81.47735595703125,\n 26.74683674289727\n ],\n [\n -81.7437744140625,\n 26.74683674289727\n ],\n [\n -81.7437744140625,\n 26.701452590314368\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559
Contact Pubs Warehouse
","tableOfContents":"- Abstract
- Introduction and Background
- Methods
- Dissolved Organic Carbon Model
- Nitrate Concentrations and Loads
- Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentrations and Loads
- Summary
- Acknowledgments
- References Cited
- Appendix 1. Model Archive Summary for Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentrations at Station 02292900: Caloosahatchee River at S-79, Nr. Olga, Florida
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2020-11-17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Booth, Amanda 0000-0002-2666-2366 acbooth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2666-2366","contributorId":5432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"Amanda","email":"acbooth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}