{"pageNumber":"549","pageRowStart":"13700","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40783,"records":[{"id":70160762,"text":"70160762 - 2015 - Summer diel diet and feeding periodicity of four species of cyprinids in the Salmon River, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-30T11:50:25","indexId":"70160762","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summer diel diet and feeding periodicity of four species of cyprinids in the Salmon River, New York","docAbstract":"<p>The diel diet composition and feeding periodicity of<i> Luxilus cornutus</i> (common shiner),<i> Exoglossum maxillingua</i> (cutlip minnow), <i>Semotilus corporalis</i> (fallfish), and <i>Notropis hudsonius</i> (spottail shiner) were examined in the Salmon River, New York over a 24 h period during the summer. Chironomids were the major prey of common shiner (60.6%) and cutlip minnow (54.7%), whereas terrestrial invertebrates (30.0%) and amphipods (38.4%) were the primary food of fallfish and spottail shiner, respectively. Diet overlap was high between common shiner and cutlip minnow (Morisita's index  =  0.88) and moderate between fallfish and common shiner (0.54) and fallfish and cutlip minnow (0.50). Diel temperal variation in diet composition was greatest (0.64) for spottail shiner. Three species exhibited diel variation in food consumption. Fallfish had a distinct feeding peak, whereas peak food consumption of common shiner and cutlip minnow occurred over a more extended period. Spottail shiner did not have a distinct feeding peak but food consumption was highest from 2400 to 0800 h. Each of the four species exhibited some degree of variation in their diel feeding ecology in regards to either diet composition or food consumption.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dam","publisherLocation":"Notre Dam, Indiana","doi":"10.1674/amid-173-02-326-334.1","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.H., 2015, Summer diel diet and feeding periodicity of four species of cyprinids in the Salmon River, New York: American Midland Naturalist, v. 173, no. 2, p. 326-334, https://doi.org/10.1674/amid-173-02-326-334.1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"326","endPage":"334","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053580","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313044,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Salmon River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.20254516601562,\n              43.57864989058227\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.20735168457031,\n              43.565715431592736\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.19705200195311,\n              43.55949595288937\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.19087219238281,\n              43.56422281526122\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.14898681640625,\n              43.56745677056953\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.10366821289061,\n              43.54605968763826\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.06727600097656,\n              43.53286932923337\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0525131225586,\n              43.5336160303396\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.99964141845703,\n              43.50672896600787\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9708023071289,\n              43.51992504107969\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.95500946044922,\n              43.51992504107969\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.92891693115234,\n              43.54182913230868\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.89767456054688,\n              43.526148603236294\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.83141326904297,\n              43.51469675271006\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.79914093017578,\n              43.52365925541725\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.74386596679688,\n              43.49801299489068\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.73356628417969,\n              43.49925821066224\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.69889068603516,\n              43.481822852999905\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.6796646118164,\n              43.48780125691884\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.66730499267577,\n              43.482321075924304\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.64224243164062,\n              43.485061228565755\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.60688018798828,\n              43.454912713790264\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.59555053710938,\n              43.45914936352795\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.63434600830078,\n              43.49029208393125\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.66558837890625,\n              43.49103931200484\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.6793212890625,\n              43.494277193496124\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.69786071777344,\n              43.49178653083377\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.73493957519531,\n              43.5092190123469\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.74180603027344,\n              43.50423881694708\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.77133178710938,\n              43.519427128371525\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.77716827392578,\n              43.52689538755057\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.80635070800781,\n              43.53958930635379\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.8218002319336,\n              43.533864928653806\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.89801788330078,\n              43.558003182460084\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.93681335449219,\n              43.557007981627656\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.93029022216797,\n              43.54904578324027\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.94985961914062,\n              43.550289946081115\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.95294952392578,\n              43.54605968763826\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.94539642333984,\n              43.54182913230868\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.9975814819336,\n              43.51619059561272\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.00410461425781,\n              43.52565074189047\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0195541381836,\n              43.52764216261958\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.02264404296875,\n              43.53311823062938\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.03569030761719,\n              43.53486051163794\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.04564666748047,\n              43.54357116163468\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.06693267822266,\n              43.54008705264584\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.07654571533203,\n              43.549543451458504\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.09302520751953,\n              43.55352464927332\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.09886169433594,\n              43.55178290758928\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.10023498535156,\n              43.562978940066884\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.14692687988281,\n              43.575416536265315\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.19327545166016,\n              43.57268048546472\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.20254516601562,\n              43.57864989058227\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"173","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56850efae4b0a04ef4933b26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, James H. 0000-0002-5619-3871 jhjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3871","contributorId":389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"jhjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70148418,"text":"70148418 - 2015 - Radar attenuation and temperature within the Greenland Ice Sheet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-03T10:47:45","indexId":"70148418","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radar attenuation and temperature within the Greenland Ice Sheet","docAbstract":"<p>The flow of ice is temperature-dependent, but direct measurements of englacial temperature are sparse. The dielectric attenuation of radio waves through ice is also temperature-dependent, and radar sounding of ice sheets is sensitive to this attenuation. Here we estimate depth-averaged radar-attenuation rates within the Greenland Ice Sheet from airborne radar-sounding data and its associated radiostratigraphy. Using existing empirical relationships between temperature, chemistry, and radar attenuation, we then infer the depth-averaged englacial temperature. The dated radiostratigraphy permits a correction for the confounding effect of spatially varying ice chemistry. Where radar transects intersect boreholes, radar-inferred temperature is consistently higher than that measured directly. We attribute this discrepancy to the poorly recognized frequency dependence of the radar-attenuation rate and correct for this effect empirically, resulting in a robust relationship between radar-inferred and borehole-measured depth-averaged temperature. Radar-inferred englacial temperature is often lower than modern surface temperature and that of a steady state ice-sheet model, particularly in southern Greenland. This pattern suggests that past changes in surface boundary conditions (temperature and accumulation rate) affect the ice sheet's present temperature structure over a much larger area than previously recognized. This radar-inferred temperature structure provides a new constraint for thermomechanical models of the Greenland Ice Sheet.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.1002/2014JF003418","usgsCitation":"MacGregor, J.A., Li, J., Paden, J.D., Catania, G.A., Clow, G.D., Fahnestock, M.A., Gogineni, P.S., Grimm, R.E., Morlighem, M., Nandi, S., Seroussi, H., and Stillman, D.E., 2015, Radar attenuation and temperature within the Greenland Ice Sheet: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 120, no. 4, p. 1-26, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JF003418.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"26","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063363","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/17r372tq","text":"External Repository"},{"id":301014,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5570253ee4b0d9246a9fd1ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacGregor, Joseph A","contributorId":141044,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacGregor","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":13603,"text":"University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Li, Jilu","contributorId":141045,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Jilu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13661,"text":"Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets, University of Kansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paden, John D","contributorId":141046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paden","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D","affiliations":[{"id":13661,"text":"Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets, University of Kansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Catania, Ginny A","contributorId":141047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Catania","given":"Ginny","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":13603,"text":"University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clow, Gary D. 0000-0002-2262-3853 clow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2262-3853","contributorId":2066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"Gary","email":"clow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fahnestock, Mark A","contributorId":141048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fahnestock","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":13662,"text":"Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gogineni, Prasad S.","contributorId":141049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gogineni","given":"Prasad","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13661,"text":"Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets, University of Kansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Grimm, Robert E.","contributorId":141054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grimm","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13664,"text":"Southwest Research Institute, Boulder CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Morlighem, Mathieu","contributorId":141050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morlighem","given":"Mathieu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6976,"text":"University of California, Irvine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Nandi, Soumyaroop","contributorId":141051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nandi","given":"Soumyaroop","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13663,"text":"Center for Remote Sensing or Ice Sheets, University of Kansas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Seroussi, Helene","contributorId":141052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seroussi","given":"Helene","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7023,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Stillman, David E","contributorId":141053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stillman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":13664,"text":"Southwest Research Institute, Boulder CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70146516,"text":"70146516 - 2015 - Geologic control on the evolution of the inner shelf morphology offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands, northern Gulf of Mexico, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-22T15:27:54","indexId":"70146516","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic control on the evolution of the inner shelf morphology offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands, northern Gulf of Mexico, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Between 2008 and 2013, high-resolution geophysical surveys were conducted around the Mississippi barrier islands and offshore. The sonar surveys included swath and single-beam bathymetry, sidescan, and chirp subbottom data collection. The geophysical data were groundtruthed using vibracore sediment collection. The results provide insight into the evolution of the inner shelf and the relationship between the near surface geologic framework and the morphology of the coastal zone. This study focuses on the buried Pleistocene fluvial deposits and late Holocene shore-oblique sand ridges offshore of Petit Bois Island and Petit Bois Pass. Prior to this study, the physical characteristics, evolution, and interrelationship of the ridges between both the shelf geology and the adjacent barrier island platform had not been evaluated. Numerous studies elsewhere along the coastal margin attribute shoal origin and sand-ridge evolution to hydrodynamic processes in shallow water (&lt;20 m). Here we characterize the correlation between the geologic framework and surface morphology and demonstrate that the underlying stratigraphy must also be considered when developing an evolutionary conceptual model. It is important to understand this near surface, nearshore dynamic in order to understand how the stratigraphy influences the long-term response of the coastal zone to sea-level rise. The study also contributes to a growing body of work characterizing shore-oblique sand ridges which, along with the related geology, are recognized as increasingly important components to a nearshore framework whose origins and evolution must be understood and inventoried to effectively manage the coastal zone.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"North Pacific Marine Science Organization","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.csr.2015.04.008","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey Northern GOM Hazards and Susceptibility Project, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Mississippi Coastal Improvement Project","usgsCitation":"Flocks, J.G., Kindinger, J.L., and Kelso, K.W., 2015, Geologic control on the evolution of the inner shelf morphology offshore of the Mississippi barrier islands, northern Gulf of Mexico, USA: Continental Shelf Research, v. 101, p. 59-70, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2015.04.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"70","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061522","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278434315000898"}],"volume":"101","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5536233be4b0b22a15807a98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kindinger, Jack L. jkindinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindinger","given":"Jack","email":"jkindinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":544991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelso, Kyle W. 0000-0003-0615-242X kkelso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0615-242X","contributorId":4307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelso","given":"Kyle","email":"kkelso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70150451,"text":"70150451 - 2015 - Spatiotemporal associations of reservoir nutrient characteristics and the invasive, harmful alga <i>Prymnesium parvum</i> in West Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-26T10:00:48","indexId":"70150451","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatiotemporal associations of reservoir nutrient characteristics and the invasive, harmful alga <i>Prymnesium parvum</i> in West Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Golden alga (<i>Prymnesium parvum</i>) is a harmful alga that has caused ecological and economic harm in freshwater and marine systems worldwide. In inland systems of North America, toxic blooms have nearly eliminated fish populations in some systems. Modifying nutrient profiles through alterations to land or water use may be a viable alternative for golden alga control in reservoirs. The main objective of this study was to improve our understanding of the nutrient dynamics that influence golden alga bloom formation and toxicity in west Texas reservoirs. We examined eight sites in the Upper Colorado River basin, Texas: three impacted reservoirs that have experienced repeated golden alga blooms; two reference reservoirs where golden alga is present but nontoxic; and three confluence sites downstream of the impacted and reference sites. Total, inorganic, and organic nitrogen and phosphorus and their ratios were quantified monthly along with golden alga abundance and ichthyotoxicity between December 2010 and July 2011. Blooms persisted for several months at the impacted sites, which were characterized by high organic nitrogen and low inorganic nitrogen. At impacted sites, abundance was positively associated with inorganic phosphorus and bloom termination coincided with increases in inorganic nitrogen and decreases in inorganic phosphorus in late spring. Management of both inorganic and organic forms of nutrients may create conditions in reservoirs unfavorable to golden alga.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12261","usgsCitation":"VanLandeghem, M., Farooqi, M., Southard, G.M., and Patino, R., 2015, Spatiotemporal associations of reservoir nutrient characteristics and the invasive, harmful alga <i>Prymnesium parvum</i> in West Texas: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 51, no. 2, p. 487-501, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12261.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"487","endPage":"501","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051549","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":302363,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558e77bae4b0b6d21dd65970","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"VanLandeghem, Matthew M.","contributorId":143728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"VanLandeghem","given":"Matthew M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farooqi, Mukhtar","contributorId":143729,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farooqi","given":"Mukhtar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Southard, Greg M.","contributorId":143730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Southard","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70142978,"text":"70142978 - 2015 - Modeled intermittency risk for small streams in the Upper Colorado River Basin under climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-12T13:52:55","indexId":"70142978","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeled intermittency risk for small streams in the Upper Colorado River Basin under climate change","docAbstract":"<p>Longer, drier summers projected for arid and semi-arid regions of western North America under climate change are likely to have enormous consequences for water resources and river-dependent ecosystems. Many climate change scenarios for this region involve decreases in mean annual streamflow, late summer precipitation and late-summer streamflow in the coming decades. Intermittent streams are already common in this region, and it is likely that minimum flows will decrease and some perennial streams will shift to intermittent flow under climate-driven changes in timing and magnitude of precipitation and runoff, combined with increases in temperature. To understand current intermittency among streams and analyze the potential for streams to shift from perennial to intermittent under a warmer climate, we analyzed historic flow records from streams in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB). Approximately two-thirds of 115 gaged stream reaches included in our analysis are currently perennial and the rest have some degree of intermittency. Dry years with combinations of high temperatures and low precipitation were associated with more zero-flow days. Mean annual flow was positively related to minimum flows, suggesting that potential future declines in mean annual flows will correspond with declines in minimum flows. The most important landscape variables for predicting low flow metrics were precipitation, percent snow, potential evapotranspiration, soils, and drainage area. Perennial streams in the UCRB that have high minimum-flow variability and low mean flows are likely to be most susceptible to increasing streamflow intermittency in the future.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geophysical Society","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.02.025","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, L., Shafroth, P.B., and Poff, N.L., 2015, Modeled intermittency risk for small streams in the Upper Colorado River Basin under climate change: Journal of Hydrology, v. 523, p. 768-780, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.02.025.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"768","endPage":"780","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059776","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":298560,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Upper Colorado River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.9951171875,\n              43.723474896114794\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.92919921875,\n              43.51668853502909\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.92919921875,\n              43.35713822211053\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.62158203125,\n              43.213183300738876\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.27001953125,\n              43.13306116240612\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.67675781249999,\n              43.08493742707592\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.99560546875,\n              42.81152174509788\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.46826171874999,\n              42.569264372193864\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.94091796875,\n              42.114523952464246\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.69921875,\n              41.88592102814744\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.58935546875,\n              41.45919537950706\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.58935546875,\n              41.37680856570233\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.54541015625,\n              41.19518982948959\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.45751953125,\n              40.93011520598305\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.3037109375,\n              40.697299008636755\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.01806640624999,\n              40.58058466412764\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.908203125,\n              40.29628651711716\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.19384765625,\n              39.65645604812829\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.61132812499999,\n              39.36827914916011\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.962890625,\n              39.027718840211605\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.80908203125,\n              38.788345355085625\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.72119140625,\n              38.42777351132905\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.67724609375,\n              38.23818011979866\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.80908203125,\n              37.97884504049713\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.33642578124999,\n              37.87485339352928\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.666015625,\n              37.64903402157866\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.38037109375,\n              37.50972584293751\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.9189453125,\n              37.24782120155428\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.85302734374999,\n              36.80928470205937\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.875,\n              36.686041276581925\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.875,\n              36.421282443649496\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.962890625,\n              35.71083783530009\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.20458984375,\n              35.35321610123821\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.46826171874999,\n              34.542762387234845\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.64404296875,\n              33.96158628979907\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.17138671875,\n              33.35806161277885\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.96240234375,\n              33.30298618122413\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.1162109375,\n              33.44977658311846\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.75341796875,\n              33.779147331286474\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.58837890625,\n              34.66935854524545\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.4453125,\n              35.04798673426734\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.21435546875,\n              35.209721645221386\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.09326171875,\n              35.639441068973916\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.40087890624999,\n              36.03133177633189\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.51074218749999,\n              36.86204269508728\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.26904296874999,\n              37.24782120155428\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.91748046874999,\n              37.71859032558816\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.82958984375,\n              37.84015683604136\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.60986328125,\n              38.1172716583054\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.54394531249999,\n              38.34165619279595\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.54394531249999,\n              38.71980474264239\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.30224609374999,\n              38.89103282648849\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.236328125,\n              39.06184913429154\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.90673828125,\n              39.40224434029275\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.8463134765625,\n              39.91394967016644\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.70898437499999,\n              40.111688665595956\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.6265869140625,\n              40.26695230509778\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.3958740234375,\n              40.55554790286311\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.37390136718749,\n              40.751418432997426\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.3189697265625,\n              40.96330795307353\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.20361328125,\n              40.979898069620155\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.082763671875,\n              41.054501963290505\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.972900390625,\n              41.20345619205129\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.91796875,\n              41.24890252240322\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.819091796875,\n              41.508577297439324\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.76416015625,\n              41.80407814427237\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.72021484375,\n              42.36666166373274\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.731201171875,\n              42.80346172417078\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.599365234375,\n              43.25320494908846\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.56640625,\n              43.389081939117496\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.50048828124999,\n              43.620170616189924\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.445556640625,\n              43.723474896114794\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.32470703125,\n              43.74728909225906\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.14892578125,\n              43.74728909225906\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.9951171875,\n              43.723474896114794\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"523","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551d089ee4b0256c24f42155","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Lindsay V.","contributorId":102732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Lindsay V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shafroth, Patrick B. 0000-0002-6064-871X shafrothp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6064-871X","contributorId":2000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"Patrick","email":"shafrothp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":542373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poff, N. LeRoy","contributorId":90843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poff","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"LeRoy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":542375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70150453,"text":"70150453 - 2015 - Desertification, salinization, and biotic homogenization in a dryland river ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-26T09:54:51","indexId":"70150453","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Desertification, salinization, and biotic homogenization in a dryland river ecosystem","docAbstract":"<p>This study determined long-term changes in fish assemblages, river discharge, salinity, and local precipitation, and examined hydrological drivers of biotic homogenization in a dryland river ecosystem, the Trans-Pecos region of the Rio Grande/Rio Bravo del Norte (USA/Mexico). Historical (1977-1989) and current (2010-2011) fish assemblages were analyzed by rarefaction analysis (species richness), nonmetric multidimensional scaling (composition/variability), multiresponse permutation procedures (composition), and paired t-test (variability). Trends in hydrological conditions (1970s-2010s) were examined by Kendall tau and quantile regression, and associations between streamfiow and specific conductance (salinity) by generalized linear models. Since the 1970s, species richness and variability of fish assemblages decreased in the Rio Grande below the confluence with the Rio Conchos (Mexico), a major tributary, but not above it. There was increased representation of lower-flow/higher-salinity tolerant species, thus making fish communities below the confluence taxonomically and functionally more homogeneous to those above it. Unlike findings elsewhere, this biotic homogenization was due primarily to changes in the relative abundances of native species. While Rio Conchos discharge was &gt; 2-fold higher than Rio Grande discharge above their confluence, Rio Conchos discharge decreased during the study period causing Rio Grande discharge below the confluence to also decrease. Rio Conchos salinity is lower than Rio Grande salinity above their confluence and, as Rio Conchos discharge decreased, it caused Rio Grande salinity below the confluence to increase (reduced dilution). Trends in discharge did not correspond to trends in precipitation except at extreme-high (90th quantile) levels. In conclusion, decreasing discharge from the Rio Conchos has led to decreasing flow and increasing salinity in the Rio Grande below the confluence. This spatially uneven desertification and salinization of the Rio Grande has in turn led to a region-wide homogenization of hydrological conditions and of taxonomic and functional attributes of fish assemblages.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.079","usgsCitation":"Miyazono, S., Patino, R., and Taylor, C., 2015, Desertification, salinization, and biotic homogenization in a dryland river ecosystem: Science of the Total Environment, v. 511, p. 444-453, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.079.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"444","endPage":"453","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059894","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":302362,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"511","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558e77b2e4b0b6d21dd65946","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miyazono, S.","contributorId":79310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miyazono","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, C.M.","contributorId":64707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70144482,"text":"70144482 - 2015 - Foraging range movements of the endangered Hawaiian hoary bat, <i>Lasiurus cinereus semotus</i> (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:56:28","indexId":"70144482","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foraging range movements of the endangered Hawaiian hoary bat, <i>Lasiurus cinereus semotus</i> (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)","docAbstract":"<p><span>We documented nightly movements of Hawaiian hoary bats (</span><i>Lasiurus cinereus semotus</i><span>) on the island of Hawai&rsquo;i. Based on data from 28 radiotagged individuals mean foraging range (FR) was 230.7&plusmn;72.3 ha, core-use area (CUA) was 25.5&plusmn;6.9 ha (or 11.1% of mean FR), and the mean long axis (LAX) across the FR was 3,390.8&plusmn;754.3 m. There was almost no overlap in CUAs among 4 adult males having overlapping foraging areas and tracked simultaneously or within a 90-day window of each other. CUAs of subadults partially overlapped with multiple adult males or with one other subadult. High variance in FRs, cores use areas, and LAX across the FR perhaps reflect localized stochastic variables such as weather, habitat, and food resources. Hawaiian hoary bats use moderately large FRs among insectivorous bats studied with comparable methodologies; however, foraging activity indicated by documentation of acoustic feeding buzzes is concentrated within one or a few disjunct areas cumulatively forming the 50% fixed kernel of CUA. The concentration of feeding activity, low values of individual overlap, and agonistic chasing behavior within CUAs all demonstrate a structured use of individual space by Hawaiian hoary bats.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyu003","usgsCitation":"Bonaccorso, F.J., Todd, C.M., Miles, A.C., and Gorresen, P.M., 2015, Foraging range movements of the endangered Hawaiian hoary bat, <i>Lasiurus cinereus semotus</i> (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae): Journal of Mammalogy, v. 96, no. 1, p. 64-71, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyu003.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055423","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472168,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyu003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438709,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TI6MK3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hawaii Island Hawaiian hoary bat foraging location data 2004-2010"},{"id":299245,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.60279846191406,\n              18.966039089744722\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.67901611328125,\n              18.90888487914695\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.93444824218747,\n              19.06990562064469\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.89324951171875,\n              19.334470141510725\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.0765838623047,\n              19.756364230752375\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.89942932128906,\n              19.913965885756145\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.8293914794922,\n              20.02174221755155\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.87745666503906,\n              20.0926923075457\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.9124755859375,\n              20.17198936032983\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.89874267578125,\n              20.254467080673578\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.863037109375,\n              20.269282659332276\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.82733154296875,\n              20.26992678284155\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.555419921875,\n              20.13073412578307\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.40847778320312,\n              20.079794677837523\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.26771545410156,\n              20.015290619684468\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.1654052734375,\n              19.941723716612646\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.0836944580078,\n              19.856498158184017\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.08163452148438,\n              19.724049534671522\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.03631591796875,\n              19.738915107131543\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.00198364257812,\n              19.73439094891939\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.94224548339844,\n              19.632886918987804\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.80560302734375,\n              19.52355289169168\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.82070922851562,\n              19.47500813674323\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.97314453125,\n              19.342244996771804\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.12489318847656,\n              19.2748506284423\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.1983642578125,\n              19.256701248948485\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.27252197265625,\n              19.269665296502332\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.35079956054688,\n              19.210670607390455\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.5499267578125,\n              19.08028870094175\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.55130004882812,\n              19.04719036505186\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.60279846191406,\n              18.966039089744722\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551d089de4b0256c24f42150","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonaccorso, Frank J. fbonaccorso@usgs.gov","contributorId":3088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonaccorso","given":"Frank","email":"fbonaccorso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Todd, Christopher M.","contributorId":64548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miles, Adam C.","contributorId":139982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miles","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13341,"text":"Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gorresen, P. Marcos mgorresen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorresen","given":"P.","email":"mgorresen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Marcos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70145178,"text":"70145178 - 2015 - Females exceed males in mercury concentrations of burbot <i>Lota lota</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:44:28","indexId":"70145178","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Females exceed males in mercury concentrations of burbot <i>Lota lota</i>","docAbstract":"<p>Examination of differences in contaminant concentrations between sexes of fish, across several fish species, may reveal clues for important behavioral and physiological differences between the sexes. We determined whole-fish total mercury (Hg) concentrations of 25 male and 25 female adult burbot Lota lota captured in Lake Erie during summer 2011, and of 14 male and 18 female adult burbot captured in Great Slave Lake (Northwest Territories, Canada) during winter 2013. On average, females were 22 % greater in Hg concentration than males. This difference was probably not due to a greater feeding rate by females, because results from previous studies based on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) determinations of these same burbot indicated that males fed at a substantially greater rate than females. Based on our determinations of Hg concentrations in the gonads and somatic tissue of five ripe females and five ripe males, this difference was not attributable to changes in Hg concentration immediately after spawning due to release of gametes. Further, bioenergetics modeling results from previous studies indicated that growth dilution would not explain any portion of this observed difference in Hg concentrations between the sexes. We, therefore, conclude that this difference was most likely due to a substantially faster rate of Hg elimination by males compared with females. Male burbot exhibit among the greatest gonadosomatic indices (GSIs) of all male fishes, with their testes accounting for between 10 and 15 % of their body weight when the fish are in ripe condition. Androgens have been linked to enhanced Hg elimination rates in other vertebrates. If androgen production is positively related to GSI, then male burbot would be expected to have among the greatest androgen levels of all fishes. Thus, we hypothesize that male burbot eliminate Hg from their bodies faster than most other male fishes, and this explains the greater Hg concentration in females compared with males.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s00244-015-0131-1","usgsCitation":"Madenjian, C.P., Stapanian, M.A., Cott, P.A., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Edwards, W., Ogilvie, L.M., Mychek-Londer, J., and DeWild, J.F., 2015, Females exceed males in mercury concentrations of burbot <i>Lota lota</i>: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 68, no. 4, p. 678-688, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-015-0131-1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"678","endPage":"688","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059536","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299374,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5523ae35e4b027f0aee3d12c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stapanian, Martin A. 0000-0001-8173-4273 mstapanian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-4273","contributorId":3425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stapanian","given":"Martin","email":"mstapanian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cott, Peter A.","contributorId":64160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cott","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, William wedwards@usgs.gov","contributorId":3668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"William","email":"wedwards@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ogilvie, Lynn M. 0000-0003-4584-7443 logilvie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4584-7443","contributorId":5755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogilvie","given":"Lynn","email":"logilvie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mychek-Londer, Justin G.","contributorId":64138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mychek-Londer","given":"Justin G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"DeWild, John F. 0000-0003-4097-2798 jfdewild@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-2798","contributorId":2525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWild","given":"John","email":"jfdewild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70144855,"text":"sir20145209 - 2015 - The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) surface-water model, version 2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-01T09:14:54","indexId":"sir20145209","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5209","title":"The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) surface-water model, version 2","docAbstract":"<p>The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) is an integrated network of water-level gages, interpolation models that generate daily water-level and water-depth data, and applications that compute derived hydrologic data across the freshwater part of the greater Everglades landscape. The U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science provides support for EDEN in order for EDEN to provide quality-assured monitoring data for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan.</p>\n<p>The EDEN surface-water model, version 2 (V2), interpolates water-level data from a network of 240 gages to generate gridded daily water-level surfaces for the freshwater domain of the Everglades. When these spatiotemporal continuous surfaces are combined with EDEN&rsquo;s digital elevation model of ground surface, derived hydrologic data provide scientists and water managers working in the Everglades with data necessary to analyze ecological and biotic responses to hydrologic changes in the Everglades. Derived datasets include water depth, recession rates, days since last dry, water-surface slopes, and hydroperiod. The V2 model includes enhancements from the previous model (version 1; V1) to accommodate changes in the water-level gage network, adjustments to water-level data, improved understanding of the flow dynamics (particularly near canals), and installation of an elevation benchmark network. Enhancements to the V2 model included</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Expansion of the EDEN domain: The model domain was expanded to include a part of southern Big Cypress National Preserve and northwestern Everglades National Park upstream of the marsh mangrove wetlands, thus completing the coastal connection along the southwestern boundary of the model; and</li>\n</ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Development of subdomain models: To account for insufficient water-control structure gage data at some subbasin boundaries, subdomain models were developed for five subdomains, and the resulting water-level surfaces were merged to generate the final water-level surface.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Model performance statistics show a general improvement in the V2 model as compared to the V1 model. Overall, the root mean squared error (RMSE) was reduced by 2.42 centimeters (cm) to 4.68 cm. In Water Conservation Area 3A North and Water Conservation Area 3B, the RMSE was reduced by 10.88 and 9.15 cm, respectively. In addition to evaluating model performance statistics, 2-cm water-level maps were generated and evaluated for irregular contours that would indicate a potential problem either with data input or water-level estimates.</p>\n<p>Three applications of the EDEN-modeled water surfaces and other EDEN datasets are presented in the report to show how scientists and resource managers are using EDEN datasets to analyze biological and ecological responses to hydrologic changes in the Everglades. The biological responses of two important Everglades species, alligators and wading birds, to changes in hydrology are described. The effects of hydrology on fire dynamics in the Everglades are also discussed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145209","collaboration":"Prepared as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science and in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Telis, P., Xie, Z., Liu, Z., Li, Y., and Conrads, P., 2015, The Everglades Depth Estimation Network (EDEN) surface-water model, version 2: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5209, Report: viii, 42 p. ; 3 Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145209.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 42 p. ; 3 Appendices","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050914","costCenters":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299244,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145209.jpg"},{"id":299239,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5209/"},{"id":299240,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5209/pdf/sir2014-5209.pdf","text":"Report","size":"27.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":299241,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5209/appendix/sir2014-5209_appendix1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"58.3 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 1","linkHelpText":"This is an electronic copy of Appendix 1. Water-level gages used to develop the EDEN surface-water model, version 2."},{"id":299242,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5209/appendix/sir2014-5209_appendix2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2","size":"14.3 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 2","linkHelpText":"This is an electronic copy of Appendix 2. Network of benchmarks in greater Everglades used to evaluate EDEN surface-water model."},{"id":299243,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5209/appendix/sir2014-5209_appendix3.xlsx","text":"Appendix 3","size":"39.6 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix 3","linkHelpText":"This is an electronic copy of Appendix 3. Water-level measurements at elevation benchmarks and differences between the modeled surfaces for the EDEN surface-water model, versions 1 and 2."}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.93603515625,\n              25.12539261151203\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.93603515625,\n              26.41155054662258\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.00244140625,\n              26.41155054662258\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.00244140625,\n              25.12539261151203\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.93603515625,\n              25.12539261151203\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551d08a0e4b0256c24f42159","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Telis, Pamela A. patelis@usgs.gov","contributorId":140030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Telis","given":"Pamela A.","email":"patelis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xie, Zhixiao","contributorId":40336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xie","given":"Zhixiao","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liu, Zhongwei","contributorId":34245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Zhongwei","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":543827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, Yingru","contributorId":140031,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yingru","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70147111,"text":"70147111 - 2015 - Habitat fragmentation in coastal southern California disrupts genetic connectivity in the cactus wren (<i>Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-28T08:52:43","indexId":"70147111","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat fragmentation in coastal southern California disrupts genetic connectivity in the cactus wren (<i>Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus</i>)","docAbstract":"<p>Achieving long-term persistence of species in urbanized landscapes requires characterizing population genetic structure to understand and manage the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on connectivity. Urbanization over the past century in coastal southern California has caused both precipitous loss of coastal sage scrub habitat and declines in populations of the cactus wren (<i>Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus</i>). Using 22 microsatellite loci, we found that remnant cactus wren aggregations in coastal southern California comprised 20 populations based on strict exact tests for population differentiation, and 12 genetic clusters with hierarchical Bayesian clustering analyses. Genetic structure patterns largely mirrored underlying habitat availability, with cluster and population boundaries coinciding with fragmentation caused primarily by urbanization. Using a habitat model we developed, we detected stronger associations between habitat-based distances and genetic distances than Euclidean geographic distance. Within populations, we detected a positive association between available local habitat and allelic richness and a negative association with relatedness. Isolation-by-distance patterns varied over the study area, which we attribute to temporal differences in anthropogenic landscape development. We also found that genetic bottleneck signals were associated with wildfire frequency. These results indicate that habitat fragmentation and alterations have reduced genetic connectivity and diversity of cactus wren populations in coastal southern California. Management efforts focused on improving connectivity among remaining populations may help to ensure population persistence.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1111/mec.13176","usgsCitation":"Barr, K.R., Kus, B., Preston, K., Howell, S.L., Perkins, E., and Vandergast, A.G., 2015, Habitat fragmentation in coastal southern California disrupts genetic connectivity in the cactus wren (<i>Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus</i>): Molecular Ecology, v. 24, no. 10, p. 2349-2363, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13176.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2349","endPage":"2363","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063243","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438711,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9K3PXQ3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Coastal California Gnatcatcher Habitat Suitability Model for Southern California (2015)"},{"id":438710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F73F4MTR","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Distribution and Population Genetic Structure of Coastal Cactus Wrens in Southern California"},{"id":299906,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.16796875,\n              36.40359962073253\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.56396484375,\n              34.32529192442733\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.44335937499999,\n              34.23451236236984\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.53173828125,\n              33.284619968887704\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.20214843749999,\n              32.47269502206151\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.7412109375,\n              32.694865977875075\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.345703125,\n              32.76880048488168\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.5654296875,\n              33.358061612778876\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.3896484375,\n              34.03445260967645\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.06005859375,\n              34.30714385628804\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.54345703125,\n              35.11990857099681\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.72949218749999,\n              37.38761749978395\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.16796875,\n              36.40359962073253\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5540af2be4b0a658d79392aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barr, Kelly R. kelly_barr@usgs.gov","contributorId":5628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"Kelly","email":"kelly_barr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kus, Barbara E. 0000-0002-3679-3044 barbara_kus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-3044","contributorId":3026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kus","given":"Barbara E.","email":"barbara_kus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Preston, Kristine kpreston@usgs.gov","contributorId":140440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Preston","given":"Kristine","email":"kpreston@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howell, Scarlett L. 0000-0001-7538-4860 showell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7538-4860","contributorId":140441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"Scarlett","email":"showell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Perkins, Emily 0000-0002-6286-3480 eperkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6286-3480","contributorId":140442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Emily","email":"eperkins@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vandergast, Amy G. 0000-0002-7835-6571 avandergast@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-6571","contributorId":3963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vandergast","given":"Amy","email":"avandergast@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70169236,"text":"70169236 - 2015 - Simulated high-latitude soil thermal dynamics during the past four decades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-24T12:01:23","indexId":"70169236","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1350,"text":"Cryosphere Discussions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulated high-latitude soil thermal dynamics during the past four decades","docAbstract":"<p>Soil temperature (Ts ) change is a key indicator of the dynamics of permafrost. On seasonal and inter-annual time scales, the variability of Ts determines the active layer depth, which regulates hydrological soil properties and biogeochemical processes. On the multi-decadal scale, increasing T 5 s not only drives permafrost thaw/retreat, but can also trigger and accelerate the decomposition of soil organic carbon. The magnitude of permafrost carbon feedbacks is thus closely linked to the rate of change of soil thermal regimes. In this study, we used nine process-based ecosystem models with permafrost processes, all forced by different observation-based climate forcing during the period 1960&ndash;2000, to characterize the warming rate of Ts 10 in permafrost regions. There is a large spread of Ts trends at 20 cm depth across the models, with trend values ranging from 0.010 &plusmn; 0.003 to 0.031 &plusmn; 0.005 ◦C yr&minus;1 . Most models show smaller increase in Ts with increasing depth. Air temperature (Ta ) and longwave downward radiation (LWDR) are the main drivers of Ts trends, but their relative contributions differ 15 amongst the models. Different trends of LWDR used in the forcing of models can explain 61 % of their differences in Ts trends, while trends of Ta only explain 5 % of the differences in Ts trends. Uncertain climate forcing contributes a larger uncertainty in Ts trends (0.021 &plusmn; 0.008 ◦C yr&minus;1 , mean &plusmn; SD) than the uncertainty of model structure (0.012 &plusmn; 0.001 ◦C yr&minus;1 ), diagnosed from the range of response between different mod- 20 els, normalized to the same forcing. In addition, the loss rate of near-surface permafrost area, defined as total area where the maximum seasonal active layer thickness (ALT) is less than 3 m loss rate is found to be significantly correlated with the magnitude of the trends of Ts at 1 m depth across the models (R = &minus;0.85, P = 0.003), but not with the initial total near-surface permafrost area (R = &minus;0.30, P = 0.438). The sensitivity of the total boreal near-surface permafrost area to T 25 s at 1 m, is estimated to be of &minus;2.80 &plusmn; 0.67 million km2 ◦C &minus;1 . Finally, by using two long-term LWDR datasets and relationships between trends of LWDR and Ts across models, we infer an observationconstrained total boreal near-surface permafrost area decrease comprised between&nbsp;39 &plusmn; 14 &times; 103 and 75 &plusmn; 14 &times; 103 km2 yr&minus;1 from 1960 to 2000. This corresponds to 9&ndash; 18 % degradation of the current permafrost area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/tc-10-179-2016","usgsCitation":"Peng, S., Ciais, P., Wang, T., Gouttevin, I., McGuire, A., Lawrence, D., Burke, E., Chen, X., Delire, C., Koven, C., MacDougall, A., Rinke, A., Saito, K., Zhang, W., Alkama, R., Bohn, T.J., Decharme, B., Hajima, T., Ji, D., Lettenmaier, D., Miller, P., Moore, J., Smith, B., and Sueyoshi, T., 2015, Simulated high-latitude soil thermal dynamics during the past four decades: Cryosphere Discussions, v. 9, p. 2301-2337, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-179-2016.","productDescription":"37 p.","startPage":"2301","endPage":"2337","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063588","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472178,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-179-2016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":319364,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50fd2e4b0f59b85e1ebbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peng, S.","contributorId":68688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peng","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ciais, P.","contributorId":39604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ciais","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, T.","contributorId":53707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gouttevin, I.","contributorId":167818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gouttevin","given":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lawrence, D.","contributorId":167819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawrence","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Burke, E.","contributorId":167820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burke","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chen, X.","contributorId":76527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"X.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Delire, C.","contributorId":167821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delire","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Koven, C.","contributorId":39655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koven","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"MacDougall, A.","contributorId":167822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacDougall","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rinke, A.","contributorId":13118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinke","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Saito, K.","contributorId":167823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saito","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Zhang, W.","contributorId":92399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Alkama, R.","contributorId":167824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alkama","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Bohn, T. J.","contributorId":167813,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bohn","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Decharme, B.","contributorId":167825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Decharme","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Hajima, T.","contributorId":167826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hajima","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Ji, D.","contributorId":167827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ji","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Lettenmaier, D.P.","contributorId":61175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lettenmaier","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Miller, P.A.","contributorId":89414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Moore, J.C.","contributorId":95141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Smith, B.","contributorId":53740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Sueyoshi, T.","contributorId":167828,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sueyoshi","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24}]}}
,{"id":70191460,"text":"70191460 - 2015 - Predicting ecological responses of the Florida Everglades to possible future climate scenarios: Introduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-13T10:51:03","indexId":"70191460","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting ecological responses of the Florida Everglades to possible future climate scenarios: Introduction","docAbstract":"<p><span>Florida’s Everglades stretch from the headwaters of the Kissimmee River near Orlando to Florida Bay. Under natural conditions in this flat landscape, water flowed slowly downstream as broad, shallow sheet flow. The ecosystem is markedly different now, altered by nutrient pollution and construction of canals, levees, and water control structures designed for flood control and water supply. These alterations have resulted in a 50&nbsp;% reduction of the ecosystem’s spatial extent and significant changes in ecological function in the remaining portion. One of the world’s largest restoration programs is underway to restore some of the historic hydrologic and ecological functions of the Everglades, via a multi-billion dollar Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. This plan, finalized in 2000, did not explicitly consider climate change effects, yet today we realize that sea level rise and future changes in rainfall (RF), temperature, and evapotranspiration (ET) may have system-wide impacts. This series of papers describes results of a workshop where a regional hydrologic model was used to simulate the hydrology expected in 2060 with climate changes including increased temperature, ET, and sea level, and either an increase or decrease in RF. Ecologists with expertise in various areas of the ecosystem evaluated the hydrologic outputs, drew conclusions about potential ecosystem responses, and identified research needs where projections of response had high uncertainty. Resource managers participated in the workshop, and they present lessons learned regarding how the new information might be used to guide Everglades restoration in the context of climate change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-014-0439-z","usgsCitation":"Aumen, N.G., Havens, K.E., Best, G.R., and Berry, L., 2015, Predicting ecological responses of the Florida Everglades to possible future climate scenarios: Introduction: Environmental Management, v. 55, no. 4, p. 741-748, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-014-0439-z.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"741","endPage":"748","ipdsId":"IP-051181","costCenters":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346566,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Florida Everglades ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.69958496093749,\n              25.06569718553588\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.903564453125,\n              25.06569718553588\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.903564453125,\n              27.508271413876017\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.69958496093749,\n              27.508271413876017\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.69958496093749,\n              25.06569718553588\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e1d09ae4b05fe04cd117c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aumen, Nicholas G. 0000-0002-5277-2630 naumen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5277-2630","contributorId":5418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aumen","given":"Nicholas","email":"naumen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13415,"text":"Everglades National Park","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Havens, Karl E","contributorId":197036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Havens","given":"Karl","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Best, G. Ronnie ronnie_best@usgs.gov","contributorId":4282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Best","given":"G.","email":"ronnie_best@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ronnie","affiliations":[{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berry, Leonard","contributorId":119091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Leonard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70154821,"text":"70154821 - 2015 - Factors affecting the reproductive success of American Oystercatchers <i>Haematopus palliatus</i> on the outer banks of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-24T10:56:42","indexId":"70154821","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2675,"text":"Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation","onlineIssn":"2074-1235","printIssn":"1018-3337","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting the reproductive success of American Oystercatchers <i>Haematopus palliatus</i> on the outer banks of North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p>We used an information-theoretic approach to assess the factors affecting the reproductive success of American Oystercatchers Haematopus <br />palliatus on the Outer Banks of North Carolina. We evaluated survival with respect to nesting island, year, time of season, brood age, distance <br />to tide (m), presence of off-road vehicles and proximity of foraging habitat. The daily nest survival (mean 0.981, standard error [SE] 0.002) <br />was affected by year and island, and declined over the nesting season. Mammals were responsible for 54% of identified nest failures. Daily <br />brood survival (mean 0.981, SE 0.002) varied by island and increased non-linearly with age, with highest mortality in the seven days after <br />hatching. Model results indicate direct access to foraging sites has a positive effect on brood survival, whereas presence of off-road vehicles <br />has a negative effect. We studied chick behavior and survival using radio telemetry and direct observation and found that vehicles caused <br />mortality and affected behavior and resource use by oystercatcher chicks. We identified the source of mortality for 37 radio-tagged chicks. <br />Six (16%) were killed by vehicles, 21 (57%) by predators, and 10 (27%) by exposure and starvation. From 1995 to 2008, 25 additional <br />oystercatcher chicks were found dead, 13 (52%) killed by vehicles. Chicks on beaches closed to vehicles used beach and intertidal zones <br />more frequently than chicks on beaches open to vehicles. Chick predators included Great Horned Owls Bubo virginianus, Fish Crows <br />Corvus ossifragus, cats Felis catus, mink Mustela vison, raccoons Procyon lotor, and ghost crabs Ocypode albicans. The factors affecting <br />reproductive success differed between the incubation and chick-rearing stages. &nbsp;Management actions that influence chick survival will have a larger effect on total productivity than actions affecting nest survival.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Pacific Seabird Group","usgsCitation":"Schulte, S., and Simons, T.R., 2015, Factors affecting the reproductive success of American Oystercatchers <i>Haematopus palliatus</i> on the outer banks of North Carolina: Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation, v. 43, no. 1, p. 37-47.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"47","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-022047","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305949,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":305948,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.marineornithology.org/cgi-bin/getpage.cgi?vol=current"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Cape Hatteras; Cape Lookout","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.332763671875,\n              34.31621838080741\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.332763671875,\n              36.54936246839778\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.3936767578125,\n              36.54936246839778\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.3936767578125,\n              34.31621838080741\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.332763671875,\n              34.31621838080741\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b361b0e4b09a3b01b5da9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schulte, Shiloh A.","contributorId":39911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulte","given":"Shiloh A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simons, Theodore R. 0000-0002-1884-6229 tsimons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-6229","contributorId":2623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"Theodore","email":"tsimons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70196820,"text":"70196820 - 2015 - A tribute to George Plafker","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-20T12:53:17","indexId":"70196820","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A tribute to George Plafker","docAbstract":"<p><span>In a long and distinguished career, George Plafker made fundamental advances in understanding of megathrust tectonics, tsunami generation, paleoseismology, crustal neotectonics, an</span><span><span><span><span>d Alaskan geology, chiefly by means of geological field observations. George discovered that giant<span> earthquakes result from tens of meters of seismic slip on subduction</span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>megathrusts, and he did this before the theory of plate tectonics h</span></span>ad become a paradigm. The discovery was founded on George's comprehensive mapping of land-level changes in the aftermath of the 1964 earthquake in Alaska, and on his follow-up mapping, in 1968, in the region of the 1960 earthquakes in Chile. The mapping showed paired, parallel belts of coseismic uplift largely offshore and coseismic subsidence mo</span><span><span>stly onshore – a pattern now familiar as the initial condition assumed in simulations of subduction-zone tsu<span>namis. George recognized, moreover, that splay faulting can play a major role in tsunami generation, and he also distinguished carefully between tectonic and landslide sources for the multiple tsunamis that accounted for nearly all the fatalities associated with the 1964 Alaska earthquake. George's classic monographs on the 1964 earthquake include findings on subduction-zone paleoseismology that he soon extended to include stratigraphic evidence for cyclic vertical deformation at the Copper River Delta, as well as recurrent uplift evidenced by flights of marine terraces at Middleton Island. As a geologist of earthquakes, George also clarified the tectonics and hazards of crustal faulting in Alaska, California, and other areas worldwide. All the while, George was mapping bedrock geol</span></span>ogy in Alaska, where he contributed importantly to today's understanding of how terranes were accreted </span></span>and modified. Especially important was his documentation of the origin, movement, subduction, and collision of the Yakutat terrane in southern Alaska.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.11.010","usgsCitation":"Fuis, G.S., Haeussler, P.J., and Atwater, B., 2015, A tribute to George Plafker: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 113, p. 3-7, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.11.010.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-057685","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488770,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.11.010","text":"External Repository"},{"id":353927,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeebcfe4b0da30c1bfc682","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuis, Gary S. 0000-0002-3078-1544","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3078-1544","contributorId":204656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atwater, Brian F. 0000-0003-1155-2815","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-2815","contributorId":204658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwater","given":"Brian F.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":734603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70186942,"text":"70186942 - 2015 - Seismic source dynamics of gas-piston activity at Kı̄lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T15:58:16","indexId":"70186942","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic source dynamics of gas-piston activity at Kı̄lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i","docAbstract":"<p><span>Since 2008, eruptive activity at the summit of Kı̄lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i has been confined to the new Overlook pit crater within the Halema‘uma‘u Crater. Among the broad range of magmatic processes observed in the new pit are recurring episodes of gas pistoning. The gas-piston activity is accompanied by seismic signals that are recorded by a broadband network deployed in the summit caldera. We use raw data recorded with this network to model the source mechanism of representative gas-piston events in a sequence that occurred on 20–25 August 2011 during a gentle inflation of the Kı̄lauea summit. To determine the source centroid location and source mechanism, we minimize the residual error between data and synthetics calculated by the finite difference method for a point source embedded in a homogeneous medium that takes topography into account. We apply a new waveform inversion method that accounts for the contributions from both translation and tilt in horizontal seismograms through the use of Green's functions representing the seismometer response to translation and tilt ground motions. This method enables a robust description of the source mechanism over the period range 1–10,000 s. Most of the seismic wavefield produced by gas-pistoning originates in a source region ∼1 km below the eastern perimeter of the Halema‘uma‘u pit crater. The observed waveforms are well explained by a simple volumetric source with geometry composed of two intersecting cracks featuring an east striking crack (dike) dipping 80°to the north, intersecting a north striking crack (another dike) dipping 65° to the east. Each gas-piston event is marked by a similar rapid inflation lasting a few minutes, trailed by a slower deflation ramp extending up to 15 min, attributed to the efficient coupling at the source centroid location of the pressure and momentum changes accompanying the growth and collapse of a layer of foam at the top of the lava column. Assuming a simple lumped parameter representation of the shallow magmatic system, the observed pressure and volume variations can be modeled with the following attributes : foam thickness (10–50 m), foam cell diameter (0.04–0.10 m), and gas-injection velocity (0.01–0.06 m s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>). Gas-piston activity occurs in a narrow pipe with diameter of 6 m connecting the Halema‘uma‘u pit crater to the subjacent dike system. The height of the magma column is estimated at ∼104 m at the start of the sequence based on the period of very long period (VLP) oscillations accompanying the onset of the gas-piston signal. Based on the change in the period of VLP oscillations and tilt evidence, the height of the magma column is inferred to have risen by up to ∼23 m by the end of the 5 day long sequence. A penny-shaped crack model of the dike geometry yields effective diameters of ∼1.2–2.9 km for the east dike and 0.7 km for the north dike. The shallower north dike segment is embedded in a relatively weak medium, compatible with expected mechanical properties in the hydrothermal environment of this dike.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2014JB011789","usgsCitation":"Chouet, B.A., and Dawson, P.B., 2015, Seismic source dynamics of gas-piston activity at Kı̄lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 120, no. 4, p. 2525-2560, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011789.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"2525","endPage":"2560","ipdsId":"IP-060423","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472183,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jb011789","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":339764,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kı̄lauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.29844284057614,\n              19.39560613575417\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.23861885070798,\n              19.39560613575417\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.23861885070798,\n              19.43227671629882\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.29844284057614,\n              19.43227671629882\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.29844284057614,\n              19.39560613575417\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"120","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f1e0cae4b08144348b7e0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chouet, Bernard A. 0000-0001-5527-0532 chouet@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-0532","contributorId":3304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"Bernard","email":"chouet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawson, Phillip B. dawson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"Phillip","email":"dawson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70191849,"text":"70191849 - 2015 - Landowner perceptions of three types of boating in the Saranac Lakes area of New York State׳s Adirondack Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-18T14:26:22","indexId":"70191849","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5520,"text":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landowner perceptions of three types of boating in the Saranac Lakes area of New York State׳s Adirondack Park","docAbstract":"<p><span>In order for natural resource managers to better understand conflicting landowner perspectives related to non-motorized, motorized, and personal watercraft use, this study examines the demographic and experiential characteristics, values, attitudes, and beliefs of landowners in the Saranac Lakes area of the Adirondack Park in New York State. A mixed-methods approach, composed of 20 in-depth interviews with land managers and a mail survey of 1000 landowners, was used. Three path analyses were completed, one for each type of boat use. Results indicate that resource-related values influence beliefs and attitudes related to boat use, supporting the cognitive hierarchy model of human behavior (Fulton, D. C., Manfredo, M. J., &amp; Lipscomb, J. (1996). Wildlife value orientations: a conceptual and measurement approach.&nbsp;</span><i>Human Dimensions of Wildlife</i><span>,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>1</i><span>, 24–47). In addition, length of residence in the area, past participation in non-motorized and motorized boating, age, and education were found to influence attitudes towards certain types of boating. The results of this study can be used by natural resource managers to identify management strategies that better address the values and recreational interests of landowners.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2015.04.003","usgsCitation":"Kuehn, D., Schuster, R., and Nordman, E., 2015, Landowner perceptions of three types of boating in the Saranac Lakes area of New York State׳s Adirondack Park: Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, v. 9, p. 53-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2015.04.003.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"63","ipdsId":"IP-056174","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346882,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Adirondack Park, Saranac Lakes area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.41864013671875,\n              44.201897151875094\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.0643310546875,\n              44.201897151875094\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.0643310546875,\n              44.38325649413712\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.41864013671875,\n              44.38325649413712\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.41864013671875,\n              44.201897151875094\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e8683ce4b05fe04cd4d23d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuehn, Diane","contributorId":172900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuehn","given":"Diane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuster, Rudy 0000-0003-2353-8500 schusterr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-8500","contributorId":3119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Rudy","email":"schusterr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":713373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordman, Erik","contributorId":197382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nordman","given":"Erik","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159878,"text":"70159878 - 2015 - Slab melting beneath the Cascades Arc driven by dehydration of altered oceanic peridotite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-03T10:07:20","indexId":"70159878","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2845,"text":"Nature Geoscience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slab melting beneath the Cascades Arc driven by dehydration of altered oceanic peridotite","docAbstract":"<p>Water is returned to Earth&rsquo;s interior at subduction zones. However, the processes and pathways by which water leaves the subducting plate and causes melting beneath volcanic arcs are complex; the source of the water&mdash;subducting sediment, altered oceanic crust, or hydrated mantle in the downgoing plate&mdash;is debated; and the role of slab temperature is unclear. Here we analyse the hydrogen-isotope and trace-element signature of melt inclusions in ash samples from the Cascade Arc, where young, hot lithosphere subducts. Comparing these data with published analyses, we find that fluids in the Cascade magmas are sourced from deeper parts of the subducting slab&mdash;hydrated mantle peridotite in the slab interior&mdash;compared with fluids in magmas from the Marianas Arc, where older, colder lithosphere subducts. We use geodynamic modelling to show that, in the hotter subduction zone, the upper crust of the subducting slab rapidly dehydrates at shallow depths. With continued subduction, fluids released from the deeper plate interior migrate into the dehydrated parts, causing those to melt. These melts in turn migrate into the overlying mantle wedge, where they trigger further melting. Our results provide a physical model to explain melting of the subducted plate and mass transfer from the slab to the mantle beneath arcs where relatively young oceanic lithosphere is subducted.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"MacMillan Publishers Limited","doi":"10.1038/NGEO2417","usgsCitation":"Walowski, K., Wallace, P., Hauri, E., Wada, I., and Clynne, M.A., 2015, Slab melting beneath the Cascades Arc driven by dehydration of altered oceanic peridotite: Nature Geoscience, v. 8, p. 404-408, https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2417.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"404","endPage":"408","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057922","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311851,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Arc","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.4091796875,\n              40.12849105685408\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.4091796875,\n              47.29413372501023\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.89404296875,\n              47.29413372501023\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.89404296875,\n              40.12849105685408\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.4091796875,\n              40.12849105685408\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566175e0e4b06a3ea36c56e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walowski, Kristina J","contributorId":150156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walowski","given":"Kristina J","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wallace, Paul J.","contributorId":29308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"Paul J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hauri, E.H.","contributorId":66009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauri","given":"E.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wada, I.","contributorId":150157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wada","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17923,"text":"Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clynne, Michael A. 0000-0002-4220-2968 mclynne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4220-2968","contributorId":2032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"Michael","email":"mclynne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70192718,"text":"70192718 - 2015 - Polygonal tundra geomorphological change in response to warming alters future CO2 and CH4 flux on the Barrow Peninsula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T14:14:17","indexId":"70192718","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polygonal tundra geomorphological change in response to warming alters future CO2 and CH4 flux on the Barrow Peninsula","docAbstract":"<p><span>The landscape of the Barrow Peninsula in northern Alaska is thought to have formed over centuries to millennia, and is now dominated by ice-wedge polygonal tundra that spans drained thaw-lake basins and interstitial tundra. In nearby tundra regions, studies have identified a rapid increase in thermokarst formation (i.e., pits) over recent decades in response to climate warming, facilitating changes in polygonal tundra geomorphology. We assessed the future impact of 100&nbsp;years of tundra geomorphic change on peak growing season carbon exchange in response to: (i) landscape succession associated with the thaw-lake cycle; and (ii) low, moderate, and extreme scenarios of thermokarst pit formation (10%, 30%, and 50%) reported for Alaskan arctic tundra sites. We developed a 30&nbsp;×&nbsp;30&nbsp;m resolution tundra geomorphology map (overall accuracy:75%; Kappa:0.69) for our ~1800&nbsp;km² study area composed of ten classes; drained slope, high center polygon, flat-center polygon, low center polygon, coalescent low center polygon, polygon trough, meadow, ponds, rivers, and lakes, to determine their spatial distribution across the Barrow Peninsula. Land-atmosphere CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and CH</span><sub>4</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>flux data were collected for the summers of 2006–2010 at eighty-two sites near Barrow, across the mapped classes. The developed geomorphic map was used for the regional assessment of carbon flux. Results indicate (i) at present during peak growing season on the Barrow Peninsula, CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>uptake occurs at -902.3 10</span><sup>6</sup><span>gC-CO</span><sub>2&nbsp;</sub><span>day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>(uncertainty using 95% CI is between −438.3 and −1366 10</span><sup>6</sup><span>gC-CO</span><sub>2&nbsp;</sub><span>day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) and CH</span><sub>4</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>flux at 28.9 10</span><sup>6</sup><span>gC-CH</span><sub>4&nbsp;</sub><span>day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>(uncertainty using 95% CI is between 12.9 and 44.9 10</span><sup>6</sup><span>gC-CH</span><sub>4&nbsp;</sub><span>day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>), (ii) one century of future landscape change associated with the thaw-lake cycle only slightly alter CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and CH</span><sub>4</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>exchange, while (iii) moderate increases in thermokarst pits would strengthen both CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>uptake (−166.9 10</span><sup>6</sup><span>gC-CO</span><sub>2&nbsp;</sub><span>day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) and CH</span><sub>4</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>flux (2.8 10</span><sup>6</sup><span>gC-CH</span><sub>4&nbsp;</sub><span>day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) with geomorphic change from low to high center polygons, cumulatively resulting in an estimated negative feedback to warming during peak growing season.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12757","usgsCitation":"Lara, M.J., McGuire, A.D., Euskirchen, E., Tweedie, C.E., Hinkel, K.M., Skurikhin, A.N., Romanovsky, V.E., Grosse, G., Bolton, W.R., and Genet, H., 2015, Polygonal tundra geomorphological change in response to warming alters future CO2 and CH4 flux on the Barrow Peninsula: Global Change Biology, v. 21, no. 4, p. 1634-1651, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12757.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1634","endPage":"1651","ipdsId":"IP-057369","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1400670","text":"External Repository"},{"id":348469,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Barrow Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.65380859375,\n              70.8356582274894\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.50048828125,\n              70.8356582274894\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.50048828125,\n              71.39390732213532\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.65380859375,\n              71.39390732213532\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.65380859375,\n              70.8356582274894\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a0425c3e4b0dc0b45b4540b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lara, Mark J.","contributorId":194640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lara","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Euskirchen, Eugénie S.","contributorId":83378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Euskirchen","given":"Eugénie S.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tweedie, Craig E.","contributorId":200176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tweedie","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hinkel, Kenneth M.","contributorId":15405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkel","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Skurikhin, Alexei N.","contributorId":200177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skurikhin","given":"Alexei","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Romanovsky, Vladimir E.","contributorId":40113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanovsky","given":"Vladimir","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Grosse, Guido","contributorId":101475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosse","given":"Guido","affiliations":[{"id":34291,"text":"University of Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bolton, W. Robert","contributorId":187610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bolton","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Genet, Helene","contributorId":95370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Genet","given":"Helene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70127679,"text":"70127679 - 2015 - Coastal evidence for Holocene subduction-zone earthquakes and tsunamis in central Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-08T14:51:33","indexId":"70127679","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coastal evidence for Holocene subduction-zone earthquakes and tsunamis in central Chile","docAbstract":"<p><span>The &sim;500-year historical record of seismicity along the central Chile coast (30&ndash;34&deg;S) is characterized by a series of &sim;M 8.0&ndash;8.5 earthquakes followed by low tsunamis (&lt;4&nbsp;m) occurring on the megathrust about every 80 years. One exception is the AD 1730 great earthquake (M 9.0&ndash;9.5) and high tsunami (&gt;10&nbsp;m), but the frequency of such large events is unknown. We extend the seismic history of central Chile through a study of a lowland stratigraphic sequence along the metropolitan coast north of Valpara&iacute;so (33&deg;S). At this site, higher relative sea level during the mid Holocene created a tidal marsh and the accommodation space necessary for sediment that preserves earthquake and tsunami evidence. Within this 2600-yr-long sequence, we traced six laterally continuous sand beds probably deposited by high tsunamis. Plant remains that underlie the sand beds were radiocarbon dated to 6200, 5600, 5000, 4400, 3800, and 3700&nbsp;cal&nbsp;yr BP. Sediment properties and diatom assemblages of the sand beds&mdash;for example, anomalous marine planktonic diatoms and upward fining of silt-sized diatom valves&mdash;point to a marine sediment source and high-energy deposition. Grain-size analysis shows a strong similarity between inferred tsunami deposits and modern coastal sediment. Upward fining sequences characteristic of suspension deposition are present in five of the six sand beds. Despite the lack of significant lithologic changes between the sedimentary units under- and overlying tsunami deposits, we infer that the increase in freshwater siliceous microfossils in overlying units records coseismic uplift concurrent with the deposition of five of the sand beds. During our mid-Holocene window of evidence preservation, the mean recurrence interval of earthquakes and tsunamis is &sim;500 years. Our findings imply that the frequency of historical earthquakes in central Chile is not representative of the greatest earthquakes and tsunamis that the central Chilean subduction zone has produced.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.015","usgsCitation":"Dure, T., Cisternas, M., Horton, B., Ely, L., Nelson, A.R., Wesson, R.L., and Pilarczyk, J., 2015, Coastal evidence for Holocene subduction-zone earthquakes and tsunamis in central Chile: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 113, p. 93-111, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.015.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"111","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059978","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","volume":"113","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5780ceb2e4b08116168222da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dure, Tina","contributorId":116577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dure","given":"Tina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cisternas, Marco","contributorId":120988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cisternas","given":"Marco","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horton, Benjamin","contributorId":115142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ely, Lisa","contributorId":119372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Lisa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wesson, Robert L. 0000-0003-2702-0012 rwesson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-0012","contributorId":850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesson","given":"Robert","email":"rwesson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pilarczyk, Jessica","contributorId":115777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pilarczyk","given":"Jessica","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70173616,"text":"70173616 - 2015 - Consequences of habitat change and resource selection specialization for population limitation in cavity-nesting birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T15:45:15","indexId":"70173616","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Consequences of habitat change and resource selection specialization for population limitation in cavity-nesting birds","docAbstract":"<ol id=\"jpe12375-list-0001\" class=\"o-list--numbered o-list--paragraph\">\n<li>Resource selection specialization may increase vulnerability of populations to environmental change. One environmental change that may negatively impact some populations is the broad decline of quaking aspen&nbsp;<i>Populus tremuloides</i>, a preferred nest tree of cavity-nesting organisms who are commonly limited by nest-site availability. However, the long-term consequences of this habitat change for cavity-nesting bird populations are poorly studied.</li>\n<li>I counted densities of woody plants and eight cavity-nesting bird species over 29&nbsp;years in 15 high-elevation riparian drainages in Arizona, USA. I also studied nest-tree use and specialization over time based on 4946 nests across species.</li>\n<li>Aspen suffered a severe decline in availability over time, while understorey woody plants and canopy deciduous trees also declined. The decline of plants resulted from increased elk&nbsp;<i>Cervus canadensis</i>&nbsp;browsing linked to declining snowfall.</li>\n<li>Woodpeckers exhibited very high specialization (&gt;95% of nests) on aspen for nesting, and densities of all six species declined with aspen over time. Mountain chickadees&nbsp;<i>Poecile gambeli</i>and house wrens&nbsp;<i>Troglodytes aedon</i>&nbsp;exhibited increasingly less specialization on aspen. Chickadees strongly increased in density over time, despite a relatively high specialization on aspen. House wren densities declined moderately over time, but nest-box addition experiments demonstrated that nest-site availability was not limiting their population. House wren densities increased with understorey vegetation recovery in elk exclosures via increased generality of nest-site use, demonstrating that the decline in understorey vegetation on the broader landscape was the cause of their population decline.</li>\n<li><i>Synthesis and applications</i>. Management should target species that specialize in resource selection on a declining resource. Species with greater resource selection generalization can&nbsp;reduce population impacts of environmental change. Resource generalization can allow&nbsp;a species like the wren to take advantage of habitat refuges, such as those provided&nbsp;by the elk exclosures. Yet, resource generalization cannot offset the negative impacts&nbsp;of broad-scale declines in habitat quality on the landscape, as demonstrated by the general decline of wrens. Ultimately, aspen is an important habitat for biodiversity, and land management programmes that protect and aid recovery of aspen habitats may be critical.</li>\n</ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12375","usgsCitation":"Martin, T.E., 2015, Consequences of habitat change and resource selection specialization for population limitation in cavity-nesting birds: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 52, no. 2, p. 475-485, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12375.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"475","endPage":"485","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049417","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323427,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9330e4b04f417c27512c","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12375","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12375","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Martin Thomas E.","journalName":"Journal of Applied Ecology","publicationDate":"12/5/2014","auditedOn":"3/28/2017"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Thomas E. 0000-0002-4028-4867 tmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4028-4867","contributorId":1208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Thomas","email":"tmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70154787,"text":"70154787 - 2015 - Understanding the Day Cent model: Calibration, sensitivity, and identifiability through inverse modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T12:57:58","indexId":"70154787","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Understanding the Day Cent model: Calibration, sensitivity, and identifiability through inverse modeling","docAbstract":"<p><span>The ability of biogeochemical ecosystem models to represent agro-ecosystems depends on their correct integration with field observations. We report simultaneous calibration of 67 DayCent model parameters using multiple observation types through inverse modeling using the PEST parameter estimation software. Parameter estimation reduced the total sum of weighted squared residuals by 56% and improved model fit to crop productivity, soil carbon, volumetric soil water content, soil temperature, N</span><sub>2</sub><span>O, and soil</span><span id=\"mmlsi1\" class=\"mathmlsrc\"><span class=\"formulatext stixSupport mathImg\" title=\"Click to view the MathML source\" data-mathurl=\"/science?_ob=MathURL&amp;_method=retrieve&amp;_eid=1-s2.0-S1364815214003685&amp;_mathId=si1.gif&amp;_user=111111111&amp;_pii=S1364815214003685&amp;_rdoc=1&amp;_issn=13648152&amp;md5=2af5313baa66cdc6780a318f38c4cbc1\"><sub>3</sub>NO<sup>&minus;</sup></span></span><span>&nbsp;compared to the default simulation. Inverse modeling substantially reduced predictive model error relative to the default model for all model predictions, except for soil&nbsp;</span><span id=\"mmlsi1\" class=\"mathmlsrc\"><span class=\"formulatext stixSupport mathImg\" title=\"Click to view the MathML source\" data-mathurl=\"/science?_ob=MathURL&amp;_method=retrieve&amp;_eid=1-s2.0-S1364815214003685&amp;_mathId=si1.gif&amp;_user=111111111&amp;_pii=S1364815214003685&amp;_rdoc=1&amp;_issn=13648152&amp;md5=2af5313baa66cdc6780a318f38c4cbc1\"><sub>3</sub>NO<sup>&minus;</sup></span></span><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><span id=\"mmlsi2\" class=\"mathmlsrc\"><span class=\"formulatext stixSupport mathImg\" title=\"Click to view the MathML source\" data-mathurl=\"/science?_ob=MathURL&amp;_method=retrieve&amp;_eid=1-s2.0-S1364815214003685&amp;_mathId=si2.gif&amp;_user=111111111&amp;_pii=S1364815214003685&amp;_rdoc=1&amp;_issn=13648152&amp;md5=78f2f1fd11214f36cc61b0a2a6905f86\"><sub>4</sub>NH<sup>+</sup></span></span><span>. Post-processing analyses provided insights into parameter&ndash;observation relationships based on parameter correlations, sensitivity and identifiability. Inverse modeling tools are shown to be a powerful way to systematize and accelerate the process of biogeochemical model interrogation, improving our understanding of model function and the underlying ecosystem biogeochemical processes that they represent.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.011","usgsCitation":"Necpalova, M., Anex, R.P., Fienen, M., Del Grosso, S.J., Castellano, M.J., Sawyer, J.E., Iqbal, J., Pantoja, J.L., and Barker, D.W., 2015, Understanding the Day Cent model: Calibration, sensitivity, and identifiability through inverse modeling: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 66, p. 110-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.011.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"130","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061436","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305576,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ef48e4b0bc0bec09f011","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Necpalova, Magdalena","contributorId":145476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Necpalova","given":"Magdalena","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16128,"text":"Department of Biological System Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anex, Robert P.","contributorId":101198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anex","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fienen, Michael N. 0000-0002-7756-4651 mnfienen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7756-4651","contributorId":893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fienen","given":"Michael N.","email":"mnfienen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Del Grosso, Stephen J.","contributorId":145477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Del Grosso","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16129,"text":"Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Castellano, Michael J.","contributorId":145478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castellano","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sawyer, John E.","contributorId":145479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Iqbal, Javed","contributorId":145480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iqbal","given":"Javed","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pantoja, Jose L.","contributorId":145481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pantoja","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barker, Daniel W.","contributorId":145482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barker","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16130,"text":"Dept. of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70187280,"text":"70187280 - 2015 - Post-White-nose syndrome trends in Virginia’s cave bats, 2008-2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-05T16:51:03.287246","indexId":"70187280","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5085,"text":"Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-White-nose syndrome trends in Virginia’s cave bats, 2008-2013","docAbstract":"<p><span>Since its 2009 detection in Virginia hibernacula, the fungal pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans causing White-nose Syndrome (WNS) has had a marked impact on cave bats locally. From 2008-2013, we documented numeric and physiologic changes in cave bats through fall swarm (FS), early hibernation (EH), and late hibernation (LH) capture and banding surveys at 18 hibernacula in western Virginia. We coupled active surveys with passive biennial winter counts in 2009, 2011, and 2013. We compared individual body mass index (BMI) across years for FS, EH, and LH hibernation to determine if WNS impacts on extant bats would be manifested by changes in body condition (as anecdotally observed elsewhere for WNS-impacted bats) as well as a population reduction. To estimate percent declines in bat presence or relative activity, we used FS capture per-unit-effort data, and the winter hibernacula absolute counts. We captured 4,524 bats of eight species, with species-specific capture success declining by 75-100% post-WNS. Little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) exhibited the greatest declines in winter hibernacula counts (AVG. = 99.0% decline), followed by tri-colored bats (Perimyotis subflavus; 89.5% decline) and Indiana bats (M. sodalis; 33.5% decline). Graphical analyses of captures-per-trap-hour in FS showed declines for little brown bats, tri-colored bats, and northern long-eared bats (M. septentrionalis), but suggest a modest rebound of Indiana bat numbers. Fall swarm trends in BMI suggested some drops post-WNS exposure, but these trends were not consistent across sexes or seasonal time blocks. Our inconclusive BMI metrics and little brown bat band recapture data suggest little competitive advantage or selection for surviving bats. Lesser (but apparent) declines in Indiana bat numbers mirrors trends seen elsewhere regionally, and band recoveries do show that some individuals are persisting. Additional surveys will determine if bats in Virginia will persist or face extirpation due to presumed low recruitment and survivorship.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Journals","doi":"10.5897/JENE2015.0507","usgsCitation":"Powers, K.E., Reynolds, R., Orndorff, W., Ford, W.M., and Hobson, C.S., 2015, Post-White-nose syndrome trends in Virginia’s cave bats, 2008-2013: Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment, v. 7, no. 4, p. 113-123, https://doi.org/10.5897/JENE2015.0507.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"123","ipdsId":"IP-059994","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472182,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jene2015.0507","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340598,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","volume":"7","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"590454a7e4b022cee40dc254","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powers, Karen E.","contributorId":171456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powers","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard J.","contributorId":343175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard J.","affiliations":[{"id":56188,"text":"Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orndorff, Wil","contributorId":127487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Orndorff","given":"Wil","affiliations":[{"id":6970,"text":"Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Natural Heritage Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark wford@usgs.gov","contributorId":3858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.","email":"wford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hobson, Christopher S.","contributorId":171458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hobson","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70176269,"text":"70176269 - 2015 - Expanding metal mixture toxicity models to natural stream and lake invertebrate communities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:46:20","indexId":"70176269","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expanding metal mixture toxicity models to natural stream and lake invertebrate communities","docAbstract":"<p><span>A modeling approach that was used to predict the toxicity of dissolved single and multiple metals to trout is extended to stream benthic macroinvertebrates, freshwater zooplankton, and </span><i>Daphnia magna</i><span>. The approach predicts the accumulation of toxicants (H, Al, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in organisms using 3 equilibrium accumulation models that define interactions between dissolved cations and biological receptors (biotic ligands). These models differ in the structure of the receptors and include a 2-site biotic ligand model, a bidentate biotic ligand or 2-pKa model, and a humic acid model. The predicted accumulation of toxicants is weighted using toxicant-specific coefficients and incorporated into a toxicity function called Tox, which is then related to observed mortality or invertebrate community richness using a logistic equation. All accumulation models provide reasonable fits to metal concentrations in tissue samples of stream invertebrates. Despite the good fits, distinct differences in the magnitude of toxicant accumulation and biotic ligand speciation exist among the models for a given solution composition. However, predicted biological responses are similar among the models because there are interdependencies among model parameters in the accumulation–Tox models. To illustrate potential applications of the approaches, the 3 accumulation–Tox models for natural stream invertebrates are used in Monte Carlo simulations to predict the probability of adverse impacts in catchments of differing geology in central Colorado (USA); to link geology, water chemistry, and biological response; and to demonstrate how this approach can be used to screen for potential risks associated with resource development.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.2824","usgsCitation":"Balistrieri, L.S., Mebane, C.A., Schmidt, T., and Keller, W., 2015, Expanding metal mixture toxicity models to natural stream and lake invertebrate communities: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 34, no. 4, p. 761-776, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2824.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"761","endPage":"776","ipdsId":"IP-052806","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d13a3be4b0571647cf8dd1","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/etc.2824","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.2824","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Balistrieri Laurie S., Mebane Christopher A., Schmidt Travis S., Keller Wendel Bill","journalName":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","publicationDate":"3/11/2015","auditedOn":"1/11/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balistrieri, Laurie S. 0000-0002-6359-3849 balistri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6359-3849","contributorId":1406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balistrieri","given":"Laurie","email":"balistri@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mebane, Christopher A. 0000-0002-9089-0267 cmebane@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9089-0267","contributorId":110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mebane","given":"Christopher","email":"cmebane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmidt, Travis S. 0000-0003-1400-0637 tschmidt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1400-0637","contributorId":1300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Travis S.","email":"tschmidt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Keller, William (Bill)","contributorId":174373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keller","given":"William (Bill)","affiliations":[{"id":27441,"text":"Cooperative Freshwater Ecology Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70144464,"text":"70144464 - 2015 - A comparison between boat-based and diver-based methods for quantifying coral bleaching","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-13T14:45:38","indexId":"70144464","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-31T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2277,"text":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison between boat-based and diver-based methods for quantifying coral bleaching","docAbstract":"<p><span>Recent increases in both the frequency and severity of coral bleaching events have spurred numerous surveys to quantify the immediate impacts and monitor the subsequent community response. Most of these efforts utilize conventional diver-based methods, which are inherently time-consuming, expensive, and limited in spatial scope unless they deploy large teams of scientifically-trained divers. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the Along-Track Reef Imaging System (ATRIS), an automated image-acquisition technology, for assessing a moderate bleaching event that occurred in the summer of 2011 in the Florida Keys. More than 100,000 images were collected over 2.7&nbsp;km of transects spanning four patch reefs in a 3-h period. In contrast, divers completed 18, 10-m long transects at nine patch reefs over a 5-day period. Corals were assigned to one of four categories: not bleached, pale, partially bleached, and bleached. The prevalence of bleaching estimated by ATRIS was comparable to the results obtained by divers, but only for corals &gt;&nbsp;41&nbsp;cm in size. The coral size-threshold computed for ATRIS in this study was constrained by prevailing environmental conditions (turbidity and sea state) and, consequently, needs to be determined on a study-by-study basis. Both ATRIS and diver-based methods have innate strengths and weaknesses that must be weighed with respect to project goals.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2015.02.017","usgsCitation":"Zawada, D., Ruzicka, R., and Colella, M.A., 2015, A comparison between boat-based and diver-based methods for quantifying coral bleaching: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, v. 467, p. 39-44, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2015.02.017.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059720","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299225,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335271,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F73N21H0","text":"ATRIS Seafloor Images – West Turtle Shoal Patch Reef, Rawa Patch Reef, Dustan Rocks Patch Reef, and Thor Patch Reef, Florida, 2011"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Marathon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.15291595458984,\n              24.647017162630366\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.15291595458984,\n              24.798890012311823\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.8919906616211,\n              24.798890012311823\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.8919906616211,\n              24.647017162630366\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.15291595458984,\n              24.647017162630366\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"467","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"551bb719e4b0323842783a20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zawada, David G. 0000-0003-4547-4878 dzawada@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4547-4878","contributorId":1898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zawada","given":"David G.","email":"dzawada@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruzicka, Rob","contributorId":139978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruzicka","given":"Rob","affiliations":[{"id":13340,"text":"Fish & Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colella, Michael A.","contributorId":139979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colella","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13340,"text":"Fish & Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70169232,"text":"70169232 - 2015 - A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> production from anoxic soil incubations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-24T13:36:03","indexId":"70169232","displayToPublicDate":"2015-03-31T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> production from anoxic soil incubations","docAbstract":"<p><span>Permafrost thaw can alter the soil environment through changes in soil moisture, frequently resulting in soil saturation, a shift to anaerobic decomposition, and changes in the plant community. These changes, along with thawing of previously frozen organic material, can alter the form and magnitude of greenhouse gas production from permafrost ecosystems. We synthesized existing methane (CH</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>) and carbon dioxide (CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>) production measurements from anaerobic incubations of boreal and tundra soils from the geographic permafrost region to evaluate large-scale controls of anaerobic CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>&nbsp;and CH</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>&nbsp;production and compare the relative importance of landscape-level factors (e.g., vegetation type and landscape position), soil properties (e.g., pH, depth, and soil type), and soil environmental conditions (e.g., temperature and relative water table position). We found fivefold higher maximum CH</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>&nbsp;production per gram soil carbon from organic soils than mineral soils. Maximum CH</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>&nbsp;production from soils in the active layer (ground that thaws and refreezes annually) was nearly four times that of permafrost per gram soil carbon, and CH</span><span><sub>4</sub>&nbsp;</span><span>production per gram soil carbon was two times greater from sites without permafrost than sites with permafrost. Maximum CH</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>&nbsp;and median anaerobic CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>&nbsp;production decreased with depth, while CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>:CH</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>&nbsp;production increased with depth. Maximum CH</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>&nbsp;production was highest in soils with herbaceous vegetation and soils that were either consistently or periodically inundated. This synthesis identifies the need to consider biome, landscape position, and vascular/moss vegetation types when modeling CH</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>&nbsp;production in permafrost ecosystems and suggests the need for longer-term anaerobic incubations to fully capture CH</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>&nbsp;dynamics. Our results demonstrate that as climate warms in arctic and boreal regions, rates of anaerobic CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>&nbsp;and CH</span><sub><span>4</span></sub><span>&nbsp;production will increase, not only as a result of increased temperature, but also from shifts in vegetation and increased ground saturation that will accompany permafrost thaw.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12875","usgsCitation":"Treat, C.C., Natali, S.M., Ernakovich, J., Iverson, C.M., Lupasco, M., McGuire, A.D., Norby, R.J., Roy Chowdhury, T., Richter, A., Santruckova, H., Schädel, C., Schuur, E.A., Sloan, V.L., Turetsky, M.R., and Waldrop, M.P., 2015, A pan-Arctic synthesis of CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> production from anoxic soil incubations: Global Change Biology, v. 21, no. 7, p. 2787-2803, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12875.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"2787","endPage":"2803","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057724","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487088,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1401374","text":"External Repository"},{"id":319369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Pan-Arctic circle","volume":"21","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50face4b0f59b85e1ea62","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gcb.12875","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12875","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Treat Claire C., Natali Susan M., Ernakovich Jessica, Iversen Colleen M., Lupascu Massimo, McGuire Anthony David, Norby Richard J., Roy Chowdhury Taniya, Richter Andreas, Šantrůčková Hana, Schädel Christina, Schuur Edward A. G., Sloan Victoria L., Turetsky Merritt R., Waldrop Mark P.","journalName":"Global Change Biology","publicationDate":"3/31/2015","auditedOn":"8/18/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Treat, Claire C.","contributorId":96606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Treat","given":"Claire","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":25501,"text":"University of Eastern Finland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Natali, Susan M.","contributorId":103160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Natali","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ernakovich, Jessica","contributorId":167833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ernakovich","given":"Jessica","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Iverson, Colleen M.","contributorId":167834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iverson","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lupasco, Massimo","contributorId":167835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lupasco","given":"Massimo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":623370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Norby, Richard J. 0000-0002-0238-9828","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0238-9828","contributorId":167836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norby","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roy Chowdhury, Taniya","contributorId":167837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy Chowdhury","given":"Taniya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Richter, Andreas","contributorId":139172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richter","given":"Andreas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12677,"text":"University of Vienna","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Santruckova, Hana","contributorId":167838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santruckova","given":"Hana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Schädel, C.","contributorId":167790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schädel","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Schuur, Edward A.G.","contributorId":50026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuur","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"A.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sloan, Victoria L.","contributorId":167839,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sloan","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Turetsky, Merritt R.","contributorId":80980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turetsky","given":"Merritt","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Waldrop, Mark P. 0000-0003-1829-7140 mwaldrop@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":1599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"Mark","email":"mwaldrop@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
]}