{"pageNumber":"55","pageRowStart":"1350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":2263,"records":[{"id":70016469,"text":"70016469 - 1990 - Geology and geochemistry of epithermal precious metal vein systems in the intra-oceanic arcs of Palau and Yap, western Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-17T11:05:56.112078","indexId":"70016469","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geology and geochemistry of epithermal precious metal vein systems in the intra-oceanic arcs of Palau and Yap, western Pacific","docAbstract":"<p>The Palau and Yap arcs are part of an intra-oceanic island-arc-trench system which separates the Pacific and Philippine plates in the western Pacific Ocean. The 350-km-long Palau arc consists of over 200 islands while the 400-km-long Yap arc located to the north has only four major islands exposed. Four of the largest islands in Palau are composed primarily of early Eocene to mid-Miocene volcanic rocks and the four islands comprising Yap contain only Miocene volcanic rocks. Basalt and basaltic andesites of the Babelthuap Formation are the oldest volcanic rocks in Palau and are characterized by high MgO, Ni and Cr and low TiO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and have a boninitic affinity. They form the central and southeastern parts of Babelthuap Island. Oligocene arc tholeiite flows having an age of 34–35.5 Ma comprise most of the three smaller volcanic islands in Palau and the western part of Babelthuap. The youngest volcanic rocks are dacitic intrusions having an age of 22.7–23.2 Ma. The Yap arc is unusual in that metamorphic rocks up to amphibolite grade form most of the islands. These are underlain by a melange composed of igneous and volcanic clasts as well as clasts from a dismembered copper-gold skarn deposit. Miocene volcanic rocks consisting of flows and volcaniclastic deposits overlie the melange and metamorphic complex.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(90)90046-D","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Rytuba, J.J., and Miller, W.R., 1990, Geology and geochemistry of epithermal precious metal vein systems in the intra-oceanic arcs of Palau and Yap, western Pacific: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 35, no. 1-3, p. 413-447, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(90)90046-D.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"413","endPage":"447","numberOfPages":"35","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223219,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a22d9e4b0c8380cd573be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rytuba, J. J.","contributorId":83082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, W. R.","contributorId":92239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016075,"text":"70016075 - 1990 - Phase relations in the system CuMoS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-14T19:39:22","indexId":"70016075","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2558,"text":"Journal of the Less-Common Metals","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phase relations in the system CuMoS","docAbstract":"Phase relations in the system CuMoS were studied in the temperature range 500-1000 ??C by using the conventional sealed, evacuated glass capsule technique. Reflected-light microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and electron microprobe analysis were used for phase characterization. The chevrel-type phase, CuxMo3S4, is stable above 600??C, and forms equilibrium assemblages with the cubic Cu2S solid solution, copper, molybdenum, Mo2S3 and MoS2. Its solid solution ranges from Cu1.50-2.00Mo3S4 at 700??C to Cu1.22-2.00Mo3S4 at 1000 ??C. ?? 1990.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the Less-Common Metals","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-5088(90)90594-A","issn":"00225088","usgsCitation":"Dawei, H., Chang, L., and Knowles, C., 1990, Phase relations in the system CuMoS: Journal of the Less-Common Metals, v. 163, no. 2, p. 281-286, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(90)90594-A.","startPage":"281","endPage":"286","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223497,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269374,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(90)90594-A"}],"volume":"163","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a787de4b0c8380cd786ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dawei, H.","contributorId":75691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawei","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chang, L.L.Y.","contributorId":101389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"L.L.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knowles, C.R.","contributorId":103416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knowles","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70016006,"text":"70016006 - 1990 - Production of sulfur gases and carbon dioxide by synthetic weathering of crushed drill cores from the Santa Cruz porphyry copper deposit near Casa Grande, Pinal County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-17T23:34:38.683475","indexId":"70016006","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Production of sulfur gases and carbon dioxide by synthetic weathering of crushed drill cores from the Santa Cruz porphyry copper deposit near Casa Grande, Pinal County, Arizona","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id6\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id7\"><p>Samples of ground drill cores from the southern part of the Santa Cruz porphyry copper deposit, Casa Grande, Arizona, were oxidized in simulated weathering experiments. The samples were also separated into various mineral fractions and analyzed for contents of metals and sulfide minerals. The principal sulfide mineral present was pyrite.</p><p>Gases produced in the weathering experiments were measured by gas chromatography. Carbon dioxide, oxygen, carbonyl sulfide, sulfur dioxide and carbon disulfide were found in the gases; no hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfides, or mercaptans were detected. Oxygen concentration was very important for production of the volatiles measured; in general, oxygen concentration was more important to gas production than were metallic element content, sulfide mineral content, or mineral fraction (oxide or sulfide) of the sample. The various volatile species also appeared to be interactive; some of the volatiles measured may have been formed through gas reactions.</p></div></div></div></div><div id=\"preview-section-introduction\"><br></div><div id=\"preview-section-snippets\"><br></div><div id=\"preview-section-references\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(90)90092-O","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Hinkle, M.E., Ryder, J.L., Sutley, S.J., and Botinelly, T., 1990, Production of sulfur gases and carbon dioxide by synthetic weathering of crushed drill cores from the Santa Cruz porphyry copper deposit near Casa Grande, Pinal County, Arizona: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 38, no. 1-2, p. 43-67, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(90)90092-O.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"67","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223243,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8de6e4b0c8380cd7eece","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinkle, M. E.","contributorId":11612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkle","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ryder, J. L.","contributorId":30997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sutley, S. J.","contributorId":91484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutley","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Botinelly, T.","contributorId":20408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Botinelly","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70015971,"text":"70015971 - 1990 - Hydrogeochemistry and stable isotopes of ground and surface waters from two adjacent closed basins, Atacama Desert, northern Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-06T13:19:57.072795","indexId":"70015971","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeochemistry and stable isotopes of ground and surface waters from two adjacent closed basins, Atacama Desert, northern Chile","docAbstract":"<p>The geochemistry and stable isotopes of groundwaters, surface waters, and precipitation indicate different sources of some dissolved constituents, but a common source of recharge and other constituents in two adjacent closed basins in the Atacama Desert region of northern Chile (24°15′–24°45′S). Waters from artesian wells, trenches, and ephemeral streams in the Punta Negra Basin are characterized by concentrations of Na&gt;Ca&gt;Mg and Cl≥SO<sub>4</sub>,with TDS&lt;10 g/l. Values of δD and δ<sup>18</sup>O for Punta Negra Basin waters follow an evaporitic trend typical of closed basin waters in northern Chile and elsewhere. In contrast, ground waters in the Hamburgo Basin, located about 25 km NW of the Punta Negra Basin, have concentrations of Na &gt; Mg≥Ca and SO<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>&gt;Cl, with TDS also &lt;10 g/l. Aqueous speciation calculations indicate that Hamburgo Basin groundwaters are close to saturation with respect to gypsum. The relatively high SO<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and low Ca in Hamburgo Basin waters result from SO<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>influx and subsequent gypsum precipitation related to weathering at La Escondida, a large porphyry copper deposit located near to the center of the basin. Deep mine waters from 130 m below the water table at La Escondida also have Na&gt;Mg≥Ca and SO<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>&gt;Cl, but with TDS up to 40 g/l. The deep mine waters have pH between 3.2 and 3.9, and are high in dissolved CO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>(δ<sup>13</sup>C= −4.8%PDB), indicating probable interaction with oxidizing sulfides. The deep mine waters have δ<sup>18</sup>O values of ≈−1.8%.compared with values &lt; −3.5‰ for other Hamburgo Basin waters; thus the mine waters may represent a mixture of meteoric waters with deeper “metamorphic” waters, which had interacted with rocks and exchanged oxygen isotopes at elevated temperatures. Alternatively, the deep mine waters may represent fossil meteoric waters which evolved isotopically along an evaporative trend starting from values quite depleted in δ<sup>18</sup>O and °Dd relative to either precipitation or shallow groundwaters. High I/Br ratios in the Hamburgo Basin waters and La Escondida mine waters are consistent with regionally high I in surficial deposits in the Atacama Desert region and may represent dissolution of a wind-blown evaporite component.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0883-2927(90)90067-F","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Alpers, C.N., and Whittemore, D.O., 1990, Hydrogeochemistry and stable isotopes of ground and surface waters from two adjacent closed basins, Atacama Desert, northern Chile: Applied Geochemistry, v. 5, no. 5-6, p. 719-734, https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-2927(90)90067-F.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"719","endPage":"734","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223442,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Atacama Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.66856557962502,\n              -17.9947891130375\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.66856557962502,\n              -29.545242026483983\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.57307328474353,\n              -29.545242026483983\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.57307328474353,\n              -17.9947891130375\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.66856557962502,\n              -17.9947891130375\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3365e4b0c8380cd5ef7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":372220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whittemore, Donald O.","contributorId":28748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittemore","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015732,"text":"70015732 - 1990 - Genetic implications of regional and temporal trends in ore fluid geochemistry of Mississippi Valley-type deposits in the Ozark region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-04T17:28:16.987735","indexId":"70015732","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic implications of regional and temporal trends in ore fluid geochemistry of Mississippi Valley-type deposits in the Ozark region","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fluids extracted from aqueous fluid inclusions in epigenetic gangue and ore minerals record the migration of huge volumes of highly saline fluids throughout the stratigraphic section of the Ozark region. The extracted fluids share many similarities regionally, but there are significant temporal differences which define two geochemically distinct end-member ore-forming fluids that we refer to as the Viburnum Trend main stage or Viburnum Trend type and the Tri-State type.Viburnum Trend-type fluids are enriched in potassium and are associated only with deposits close to the basal Lamotte Sandstone. The main-stage octahedral galena ore of the Viburnum Trend and much of the Old Lead Belt ore is thought to be derived from this type of ore fluid. Galena deposited by Viburnum Trend-type fluids contains less radiogenic lead than galena deposited by Tri-State-type fluids. Sulfides deposited by Viburnum Trend-type fluids also contain isotopically heavier sulfur and significant amounts of copper, cobalt, nickel, and silver.Tri-State-type fluids have a low potassium content when compared with Viburnum Trend-type fluids and are characteristic of deposits where ore-forming fluids migrated through large volumes of carbonate rock. These fluids are thought to have formed the ore deposits of the Tri-State, Northern Arkansas, and Central Missouri districts, the cubic galena-stage ore of the Viburnum Trend, and the many trace occurrences of sphalerite throughout the Ozark region. Galena deposited by Tri-State-type fluids has more radiogenic lead and the sulfides have isotopically lighter sulfur than sulfides deposited by Viburnum Trend-type fluids. A systematic south to north increase of potassium in the Tri-State-type fluids suggests that they migrated from a southerly source such as the Arkoma basin.Possible explanations for the origins of these two end-member fluids include: (1) a single parent brine evolved into two distinct fluids due to reactions with geochemically distinct aquifers during migration, (2) the two distinct fluids reflect normal fluid evolution within a single source basin of a bittern and of later halite dissolution, and (3) the Viburnum Trend and Tri-State-type brines migrated to southeast Missouri from two different source basins. Our data does not preclude any of these possibilities; however, the geochemical similarity of the Viburnum Trend end-member fluid to a bittern may be accounted for by water-rock modifications of the brine during migration. Other evidence strongly supports a southerly source for the ore-forming brines thus limiting possible sources for the Viburnum Trend-type fluid to the Arkoma and/or Black Warrior basins of the Ouachita foreland trough. Viburnum Trend-type fluid flow was probably funneled northward through basal sandstones within the Reelfoot rift and water-rock modifications occurring there may have resulted in its unique geochemistry.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.85.4.842","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Viets, J., and Leach, D.L., 1990, Genetic implications of regional and temporal trends in ore fluid geochemistry of Mississippi Valley-type deposits in the Ozark region: Economic Geology, v. 85, no. 4, p. 842-861, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.85.4.842.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"842","endPage":"861","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223839,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1990-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a157ae4b0c8380cd54e29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Viets, J.G.","contributorId":82300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viets","given":"J.G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leach, D. L.","contributorId":18758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1014642,"text":"1014642 - 1990 - Effects of ozonated-water reuse on salinity tolerance of Atlantic salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-24T15:44:03.533462","indexId":"1014642","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of ozonated-water reuse on salinity tolerance of Atlantic salmon","docAbstract":"<p><span>We conducted several seasonal aquarium experiments to determine survival and body chemistry changes of Atlantic salmon (</span><i>Salmo salar</i><span>) after 24‐h exposures to salinities of 0, 16.5, 33, and 40‰ at 10°C. Fish transferred directly to test aquaria from an ozonated, 100‰ closed water‐reuse system at 18°C were compared with fish acclimated to single‐use water at 10°C for 1–3 weeks before salinity challenges in solutions of sea salt. In the initial (December and January) challenges, all Atlantic salmon from the closed system with a fork length of at least 200 mm survived exposure to 16.5 and 33‰ salinity, but not 40‰; fish 135 mm long or shorter did not survive exposure to 33‰ salinity. In later experiments, prior acclimation of fish to single‐use water at 10°C helped protect them against exposure to high salinity (i.e., 33 and 40‰) at 10°C. Few fish that were moved directly from the water‐reuse system into test aquaria lived for 24 h in 33 or 40‰ salinity. Atlantic salmon contained less water at 33‰ than at 16.5‰ or in fresh water, but carcass water content did not differ within salinity treatments between fish previously held at 18°C and those acclimated to 10°C and single‐use water. At each salinity, serum sodium concentration tended to rise less in those fish acclimated to the singleuse system than in those transferred directly from the reuse system to the aquaria. The exposure of Atlantic salmon to an elevated acclimation temperature (18°C) in the water‐reuse system exacerbated the disruption of their ionic exchange at exposures to 33 and 40‰ sea salt. A trace of copper (27 μg/L) in the reused water also may have reduced the salinity tolerance of these fish.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1990)052%3C0036:EOOWRO%3E2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Poston, H.A., and Williams, R., 1990, Effects of ozonated-water reuse on salinity tolerance of Atlantic salmon: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 52, no. 1, p. 36-40, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1990)052%3C0036:EOOWRO%3E2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132034,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeb26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poston, H. A.","contributorId":21893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poston","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, R.C.","contributorId":103621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015741,"text":"70015741 - 1989 - Spark ablation-inductively coupled plasma spectrometry for analysis of geologic materials","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-14T15:51:38.704236","indexId":"70015741","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3517,"text":"Talanta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spark ablation-inductively coupled plasma spectrometry for analysis of geologic materials","docAbstract":"<p><span>Spark ablation—inductively coupled plasma (SA-ICP) spectrometry is applied to the measurement of hafnium—zirconium ratios in zircons and to the determination of cerium, cobalt, iron, lead, nickel and phosphorus in ferromanganese nodules. Six operating parameters used for the high-voltage spark and argon-ICP combination are established by sequential simplex optimization of both signal-to-background ratio and signal-to-noise ratio. The time-dependences of the atomic emission signals of analytes and matrix elements ablated from a finely pulverized sample embedded in a pressed disk of copper demonstrate selective sampling by the spark. Concentration ratios of hafnium to zirconium in zircons are measured with a precision of 4% (relative standard deviation, RSD). For ferromanganese nodules, spectral measurements based on intensity ratios of analyte line to the Mn(II) 257.610 nm line provide precisions of analysis in the range from 7 to 14% RSD. The accuracy of analysis depends on use of standard additions of the reference material USGS Nod P-1, and an independent measurement of the Mn concentration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0039-9140(89)80110-9","issn":"00399140","usgsCitation":"Golightly, D.W., Montaser, A., Smith, B., and Dorrzapf, A.F., 1989, Spark ablation-inductively coupled plasma spectrometry for analysis of geologic materials: Talanta, v. 36, no. 1-2, p. 299-303, https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(89)80110-9.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"303","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223953,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b940fe4b08c986b31a83e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Golightly, D. W.","contributorId":32922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Golightly","given":"D.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Montaser, A.","contributorId":19297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montaser","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, B.L.","contributorId":39740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dorrzapf, A. F. Jr.","contributorId":65998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorrzapf","given":"A.","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":30224,"text":"wri884197 - 1989 - Lithologic, geophysical, and well-construction data for observation wells in the Melton Valley area, Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:54","indexId":"wri884197","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4197","title":"Lithologic, geophysical, and well-construction data for observation wells in the Melton Valley area, Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee","docAbstract":"Nineteen wells were installed at nine sites in the Melton Valley area. The wells are intended to provide information on water levels in both regolith and bedrock, aquifer characteristics, and subsurface lithology. Well depths range from 24 to 86 ft for shallow wells, and from 126 to 301 ft for deep wells. Four inch diameter cores were obtained from four of the deep wells. Caliper, gamma, neutron, and gamma-gamma density borehole geophysical logs were obtained for each deep well. Lithologic description of cores and analysis of geophysical logs indicate that one deep well (UA2) is completed entirely within the Nolichucky Shale; one deep well (UD2) is completely entirely within the Pumpkin Valley Shale; two deep wells (UB2, UE2) are completed entirely within the Maryville Limestone; four deep wells (UF2, UG2, UH2, UI2) penetrate both the Nolichucky Shale and the Maryville Limestone. Well UC2, located near the crest of Haw Ridge, penetrates an imbricate splay of the Copper Creek thrust fault, which places the older Rome Formation above the younger Chickamauga Limestone, at a depth of about 100 to 117 ft. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri884197","usgsCitation":"Tucci, P., and Hanchar, D., 1989, Lithologic, geophysical, and well-construction data for observation wells in the Melton Valley area, Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4197, iv, 22 p. :ill., one map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884197.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p. :ill., one map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124027,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4197/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59007,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4197/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635af9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tucci, Patrick ptucci@usgs.gov","contributorId":926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucci","given":"Patrick","email":"ptucci@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":202888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanchar, D. W.","contributorId":87986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanchar","given":"D. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":16079,"text":"ofr86140 - 1989 - Water quality data for precipitation and storm runoff in Pennypack Creek Basin, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-09T08:47:13","indexId":"ofr86140","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-140","title":"Water quality data for precipitation and storm runoff in Pennypack Creek Basin, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"This report presents data on the chemistry of precipitation and storm runoff that were collected during 29 storms from July 1979 through November 1980, in an urban environment in the Pennypack Creek basin, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Daily mean and instantaneous stream discharge data were collected at two U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations. Water-quality data collected from these sites and from one storm-sewer sampling site included nutrients, chemical and biochemical oxygen demands, solids, metals, major anions, other constituents, and pH. Instantaneous loads of selected constituents were computed.\r\n\r\n      Chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, sulfate, alkalinity, chloride, and dissolved solids generally were low in precipitation and runoff. During the November 5, 1980 storm at Pine Road, dissolved nitrate concentrations equaled or exceeded 10 milligrams per liter in 17 percent of the samples analyzed and dissolved ammonia nitrogen concentrations exceeded 2.5 milligrams per liter. Generally, a comparison of median concentration of copper, lead, or zinc in precipitation and runoff at the Tustin Street storm-sewer site showed that median concentrations in precipitation were greater than those in runoff.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr86140","usgsCitation":"Speight, D., 1989, Water quality data for precipitation and storm runoff in Pennypack Creek Basin, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-140, iv, 34 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86140.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":45011,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0140/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0140/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699657","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Speight, D.W.","contributorId":71563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speight","given":"D.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":29572,"text":"wri884141 - 1989 - Assessment of processes affecting low-flow water quality of Cedar Creek, west-central Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:03","indexId":"wri884141","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4141","title":"Assessment of processes affecting low-flow water quality of Cedar Creek, west-central Illinois","docAbstract":"Water quality and the processes that affect dissolved oxygen, nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus species), and algal concentrations were evaluated for a 23.8-mile reach of Cedar Creek near Galesburg, west-central Illinois, during periods of warm-weather, low-flow conditions. Water quality samples were collected and stream conditions were measured over a diel (24 hour) period on three occasions during July and August 1985. Analysis of data from the diel-sampling periods indicates that concentrations of iron, copper, manganese, phenols, and total dissolved-solids exceeded Illinois ' general-use water quality standards in some locations. Dissolved-oxygen concentrations were less than the State minimum standard throughout much of the study reach. These data were used to calibrate and verify a one-dimensional, steady-state, water quality model. The computer model was used to assess the relative effects on low-flow water quality of processes such as algal photosynthesis and respiration, ammonia oxidation, biochemical oxygen demand, sediment oxygen demand, and stream reaeration. Results from model simulations and sensitivity analysis indicate that sediment oxygen demand is the principal cause of low dissolved-oxygen concentrations in the creek. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri884141","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, A.R., Freeman, W., and McFarlane, R., 1989, Assessment of processes affecting low-flow water quality of Cedar Creek, west-central Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4141, ix, 70 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884141.","productDescription":"ix, 70 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2390,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://il.water.usgs.gov/pubsearch/reports.cgi/view?series=WRIR&number=88-4141","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4141/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58400,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4141/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671ed3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Arthur R.","contributorId":105709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freeman, W.O.","contributorId":30238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"W.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McFarlane, R.D.","contributorId":105728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFarlane","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":61323,"text":"mf2038 - 1989 - Maps, sections, and structure-contour diagrams showing the geology and geochemistry of the Mouat nickel-copper prospect, Stillwater complex, Stillwater County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:35","indexId":"mf2038","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2038","title":"Maps, sections, and structure-contour diagrams showing the geology and geochemistry of the Mouat nickel-copper prospect, Stillwater complex, Stillwater County, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf2038","usgsCitation":"Zientek, M.L., Bawiec, W., Page, N., and Cooper, R., 1989, Maps, sections, and structure-contour diagrams showing the geology and geochemistry of the Mouat nickel-copper prospect, Stillwater complex, Stillwater County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 2038, 1 map, 13 sections on 2 sheets ;44 x 62 cm., sheets 104 x 147 cm. and 105 x 124 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. +1 pamphlet (9 p. ; 28 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/mf2038.","productDescription":"1 map, 13 sections on 2 sheets ;44 x 62 cm., sheets 104 x 147 cm. and 105 x 124 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm. +1 pamphlet (9 p. ; 28 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105198,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5636.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"5636"},{"id":180309,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1989/2038/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":88940,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1989/2038/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.25,45.333333333333336 ], [ -110.25,45.5 ], [ -109.75,45.5 ], [ -109.75,45.333333333333336 ], [ -110.25,45.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db6063f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zientek, M. L.","contributorId":6118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zientek","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bawiec, W.J.","contributorId":71540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawiec","given":"W.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Page, N.J.","contributorId":38125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"N.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cooper, R.W.","contributorId":60317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":60001,"text":"mf1354D - 1989 - Map showing the distribution of sum of the ranks for concentrations of lead + zinc + copper + silver and lead + zinc in samples of stream sediment from the Wallace 1 degree by 2 degrees Quadrangle, Montana and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-17T11:11:51","indexId":"mf1354D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1354","chapter":"D","title":"Map showing the distribution of sum of the ranks for concentrations of lead + zinc + copper + silver and lead + zinc in samples of stream sediment from the Wallace 1 degree by 2 degrees Quadrangle, Montana and Idaho","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1354D","usgsCitation":"Leach, D.L., and Goldfarb, R., 1989, Map showing the distribution of sum of the ranks for concentrations of lead + zinc + copper + silver and lead + zinc in samples of stream sediment from the Wallace 1 degree by 2 degrees Quadrangle, Montana and Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1354, 1 Plate: 38.55 x 43.37 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1354D.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 38.55 x 43.37 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":364568,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1354-D/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":183608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1354-D/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"idaho, Montana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116,47 ], [ -116,48 ], [ -114,48 ], [ -114,47 ], [ -116,47 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a2566","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leach, D. L.","contributorId":18758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldfarb, R.J.","contributorId":38143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":262969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27210,"text":"wri884099 - 1989 - The vertical distribution of selected trace metals and organic compounds in bottom materials of the proposed lower Columbia River export channel, Oregon, 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T08:21:23","indexId":"wri884099","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4099","title":"The vertical distribution of selected trace metals and organic compounds in bottom materials of the proposed lower Columbia River export channel, Oregon, 1984","docAbstract":"A proposal to deepen the lower Columbia River navigation channel in Oregon prompted a study of the vertical distribution of selected trace metals and organic compounds in bottom sediments. These data are needed to evaluate the effects of dredging and disposal operations. Elutriation testing of bottom material indicated chemical concentrations as large as 900 ug/L for barium, 6,500 ug/L for manganese, and 14 ug/L for nickel. The amount of oxygen present during elutriation testing of reduced bottom material was shown to have a negligble effect on manganese elutriate-test concentrations, but it did affect barium and iron concentrations. Sediment-associated organochlorine compounds detected in bottom-sediment core samples were as large as 0.1 ug/kg (micrograms/kilogram) for aldrin, 2.0 ug/kg for chlordane, 27 ug/kg for DDD, 5.0 ug/kg for DDE, 0.2 ug/kg for DDT, 0.2 ug/kg for dieldrin, 37 ug/kg for PCB 's 1.0 ug/kg for PCN 's and 1.0 ug/kg for heptachlor epoxide. Concentrations of cadmium, lead, and zinc in selected cores were found to exceed those of local basalts. Concentrations of cadmium, lead, and zinc were as large as 3.6 ug/g, 26 ug/g, and 210 ug/g respectively. Bottom-sediment concentrations of cadmium , chromium, copper, iron, and zinc associated with the less-than-100-micrometer size fraction are larger than those associated with the greater-than-100-micrometer fraction. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri884099","usgsCitation":"Fuhrer, G.J., and Horowitz, A.J., 1989, The vertical distribution of selected trace metals and organic compounds in bottom materials of the proposed lower Columbia River export channel, Oregon, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4099, vi, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884099.","productDescription":"vi, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4099/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56086,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4099/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdb4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuhrer, Gregory J. gjfuhrer@usgs.gov","contributorId":944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuhrer","given":"Gregory","email":"gjfuhrer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":197738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horowitz, Arthur J. 0000-0002-3296-730X horowitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3296-730X","contributorId":1400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horowitz","given":"Arthur","email":"horowitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":197739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27208,"text":"wri894005 - 1989 - Quality of bottom material and elutriates in the lower Willamette River, Portland Harbor, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T08:22:41","indexId":"wri894005","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4005","title":"Quality of bottom material and elutriates in the lower Willamette River, Portland Harbor, Oregon","docAbstract":"In October 1983 the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, collected bottom-material and water samples from Portland Harbor, Oregon to determine concentrations of trace metals and organic compounds in elutriate-test filtrate and bottom material. Of the trace metals examined in bottom material, concentrations of cadmium slightly exceed those of local rocks, whereas lead and zinc exceedance is substantially larger. Of the organochlorine compounds examined in bottom material chlordane, DDD, DDE, DDT, dieldrin, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) were detected and quantified in at least 30% of the samples tested. A large DDT concentration (2,700 microgram/kilogram) near Doane Lake outlet is indicative of recent contamination. Polychlorinated biphenyls are ubiquitous in bottom sediments; median concentrations are nearly 65 micrograms/kilogram and as large as 550 microgram/kilogram. PCB loading to the Columbia River from Willamette River suspended sediment has been estimated to be 72 kilograms/year, nearly five times the PCB dredge load of 15 kilogram/year. The acid and base-neutral extractable di-n-butyl phthalate and bis (2-ethylhexyl)phthalate occur in sediments of Terminal No. 2 in concentrations as large as 1,965 and 2,200 micrograms/kilogram, respectively. Of the trace metals examined in both standard and oxic elutriate-test filtrate, only copper concentration in an oxic elutriate-test filtrate (19 micrograms/L) exceeded the water quality criteria (5.7 micrograms/L). (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri894005","usgsCitation":"Fuhrer, G.J., 1989, Quality of bottom material and elutriates in the lower Willamette River, Portland Harbor, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4005, v, 30 p. :ill., one map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894005.","productDescription":"v, 30 p. :ill., one map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4005/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56083,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4005/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a10e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuhrer, Gregory J. gjfuhrer@usgs.gov","contributorId":944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuhrer","given":"Gregory","email":"gjfuhrer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":197735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26749,"text":"wri884210 - 1989 - Water quality in Reedy Fork and Buffalo Creek basins in the Greensboro area, North Carolina, 1986-87","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T09:34:12","indexId":"wri884210","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4210","title":"Water quality in Reedy Fork and Buffalo Creek basins in the Greensboro area, North Carolina, 1986-87","docAbstract":"Water and bottom-sediment samples were collected from April 1986 through September 1987 at 19 sites in Guilford County and the City of Greensboro, North Carolina. Sampling locations included 13 stream sites, two lakes that supply the City of Greensboro with drinking water, two City of Greensboro finished drinking-water filtration plants, and effluent from the two municipal wastewater plants prior to outfall into receiving streams. Water sampling consisted of six surveys during various stages of steady ground-water flow at all sites and high-flow-event sampling during two storms at six sites. Bottom-sediment samples were collected at three sites during two routine sampling surveys.\r\n\r\nA summary of nearly 22, 000 separate chemical or physical analyses of water samples or bottom sediment is presented and discussed as individual values, ranges of values, or median values with respect to the locations of sampling sites, streamflow conditions, or other information bearing on water-quality conditions under discussion. The results include discussions of general water-quality indicators; major ion, nutrient, and trace-element concentrations; acid and base/neutral extractable organic compounds; volatile organic compounds; and organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides detected at each sampling site. Loadings of selected constituents are also estimated on a yearly and daily basis.\r\n\r\nThe quality of the raw and finished water, municipal effluents, and streams in the Greensboro area are characterized by using State and Federal water-quality standards. Inorganic constituents most commonly found in excess of standards were iron, copper, zinc, arsenic, phosphorus, manganese, cyanide, and mercury. Relatively few organic compounds were detected; however, those consistently reported were phthalate, thihalomethane, organophosphorus pesticide, benzol, and phenolic compounds.\r\n\r\nSelected inorganic, physical, and total organic carbon data are used in a Wilcoxon test for two independent variables to statistically compare water-quality characteristics in selected rural, semideveloped and urban basins. During low-flow sampling, the constituents that differed significantly among all sites were calcium, magnesium, and chloride. During low flows, concentrations of orthophosphate, fluoride, sulfate, and TOC differed at the urban site from the rural and semideveloped and urban sites. There were no significant differences among sites in concentrations of sodium, suspended sediment, nickel, zinc, copper, and mercury during low flows. The Wilcoxon test performed on high-flow data indicated that concentrations of TOC, chloride, sulfate, suspended sediment, and nickel were not significantly different among the sites.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri884210","usgsCitation":"Davenport, M., 1989, Water quality in Reedy Fork and Buffalo Creek basins in the Greensboro area, North Carolina, 1986-87: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4210, vii, 81 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884210.","productDescription":"vii, 81 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4210/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55625,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4210/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","city":"Greensboro","otherGeospatial":"Buffalo Creek basin, Reedy Fork basin ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.518798828125,\n              35.808904044068626\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.5517578125,\n              36.146746777814364\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.4254150390625,\n              36.25756282630298\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.2386474609375,\n              36.35495110643483\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.98596191406249,\n              36.4477991295848\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.6234130859375,\n              36.38149043210595\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.0960693359375,\n              36.19995805932895\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.6236572265625,\n              35.572448615622804\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.5689697265625,\n              34.4069096565206\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.706298828125,\n              34.27083595165\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.7557373046875,\n              34.21180215769026\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.8326416015625,\n              34.125447565116126\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.882080078125,\n              34.025347738147936\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.904052734375,\n              33.89321737944089\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.947998046875,\n              33.815666308702774\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.057861328125,\n              33.8430453147447\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.1512451171875,\n              33.87497640410958\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.31054687499999,\n              33.897777013859475\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.3929443359375,\n              33.86129311351553\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.475341796875,\n              33.86129311351553\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.518798828125,\n              35.808904044068626\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4908e4b07f02db56a678","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davenport, M.S.","contributorId":23553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davenport","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":47452,"text":"b1737B - 1989 - Mineral resources of the Mount Tipton Wilderness Study Area, Mohave County, Arizona","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":47452,"text":"b1737B - 1989 - Mineral resources of the Mount Tipton Wilderness Study Area, Mohave County, Arizona","indexId":"b1737B","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Mineral resources of the Mount Tipton Wilderness Study Area, Mohave County, Arizona"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":39795,"text":"b1737 - 1989 - Mineral resources of wilderness study areas: Black Mountains region, Arizona","indexId":"b1737","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of wilderness study areas: Black Mountains region, Arizona"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":39795,"text":"b1737 - 1989 - Mineral resources of wilderness study areas: Black Mountains region, Arizona","indexId":"b1737","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of wilderness study areas: Black Mountains region, Arizona"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-09T08:51:02","indexId":"b1737B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1737","chapter":"B","title":"Mineral resources of the Mount Tipton Wilderness Study Area, Mohave County, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The Mount Tipton Wilderness Study Area (AZ-020-012/ 042) comprises 33,950 acres in Mohave County, Ariz. At the request of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, this area was evaluated for identified mineral resources (known) and mineral resource potential (undiscovered). This work was carried out by the U.S. Bureau of Mines and the U.S. Geological Survey in 1984-87. In this report, the area studied is referred to as the \"wilderness study area\" or simply \"the study area.\" There are no identified mineral resources in the study area. The southernmost part of the study area is adjacent to the Wallapai (Chloride) mining district and has low mineral resource potential for gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, and molybdenum in hydrothermal veins. This area also has a low mineral resource potential for tungsten in vein deposits and for uranium in vein deposits or pegmatites. In the central part of the wilderness study area, one small area has low mineral resource potential for uranium in vein deposits or pegmatites and another small area has low resource potential for thorium in vein deposits. The entire study area has low resource potential for geothermal energy but no potential for oil or gas resources.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Mineral resources of Wilderness Study Areas: Black Mountains Region, Arizona","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1737B","usgsCitation":"Greene, R.C., Turner, R.L., Jachens, R.C., Lawson, W.A., and Almquist, C.L., 1989, Mineral resources of the Mount Tipton Wilderness Study Area, Mohave County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1737, v, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1737B.","productDescription":"v, 14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":173231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1737b/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":340391,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1737b/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Mohave","otherGeospatial":"Black Mountains, Mount Tipton Willderness Study Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114,\n              35.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.5,\n              35.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.5,\n              35.76\n            ],\n            [\n              -114,\n              35.76\n            ],\n            [\n              -114,\n              35.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6357cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greene, Robert C.","contributorId":36108,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, Robert L.","contributorId":45283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":235398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lawson, William A.","contributorId":70464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawson","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Almquist, Carl L.","contributorId":49420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Almquist","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":235402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":46689,"text":"ofr89569 - 1989 - Geologic map of the Valdez A-4, B-3, B-4, C-3, C-4, and D-4 quadrangles, northern Chugach Mountains and southern Copper River basin, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-06T19:45:18.424528","indexId":"ofr89569","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-569","title":"Geologic map of the Valdez A-4, B-3, B-4, C-3, C-4, and D-4 quadrangles, northern Chugach Mountains and southern Copper River basin, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89569","usgsCitation":"Plafker, G., Lull, J.S., Nokleberg, W., Pessel, G.H., Wallace, W.K., and Winkler, G.R., 1989, Geologic map of the Valdez A-4, B-3, B-4, C-3, C-4, and D-4 quadrangles, northern Chugach Mountains and southern Copper River basin, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-569, 1 Plate: 39.00 × 61.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89569.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 39.00 × 61.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":21348,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0569/plate-1-preview.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":21347,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0569/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":398260,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19098.htm"}],"scale":"125000","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Valdez A-4, B-3, B-4, C-3, C-4, and D-4 quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -145.5,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.75,\n              61\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.75,\n              62\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.5,\n              62\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.5,\n              61\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a18e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plafker, George","contributorId":3920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lull, J. S.","contributorId":37075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lull","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nokleberg, W. J. 0000-0002-1574-8869","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":68312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pessel, G. H.","contributorId":12554,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pessel","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wallace, W. K.","contributorId":31781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallace","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Winkler, G. R.","contributorId":17964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winkler","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":233798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":3540,"text":"cir1050 - 1989 - The United States Geological Survey: 1879-1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-20T12:00:12.241407","indexId":"cir1050","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1050","title":"The United States Geological Survey: 1879-1989","docAbstract":"<p>The United States Geological Survey was established on March 3, 1879, just a few hours before the mandatory close of the final session of the 45th Congress, when President Rutherford B. Hayes signed the bill appropriating money for sundry civil expenses of the Federal Government for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 1879. The sundry civil expenses bill included a brief section establishing a new agency, the United States Geological Survey, placing it in the Department of the Interior, and charging it with a unique combination of responsibilities: 'classification of the public lands, and examination of the geological structure, mineral resources, and products of the national domain.' The legislation stemmed from a report of the National Academy of Sciences, which in June 1878 had been asked by Congress to provide a plan for surveying the Territories of the United States that would secure the best possible results at the least possible cost. Its roots, however, went far back into the Nation's history. The first duty enjoined upon the Geological Survey by the Congress, the classification of the public lands, originated in the Land Ordinance of 1785. The original public lands were the lands west of the Allegheny Mountains claimed by some of the colonies, which became a source of contention in writing the Articles of Confederation until 1781 when the States agreed to cede their western lands to Congress. The extent of the public lands was enormously increased by the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and later territorial acquisitions. At the beginning of Confederation, the decision was made not to hold the public lands as a capital asset, but to dispose of them for revenue and to encourage settlement. The Land Ordinance of 1785 provided the method of surveying and a plan for disposal of the lands, but also reserved 'one-third part of all gold, silver, lead, and copper mines to be sold or otherwise disposed of, as Congress shall thereafter direct,' thus implicitly requiring classification of the lands into mineral and nonmineral. Mapping of the public lands was begun under the direction of the Surveyor-General, but no special provision was made for classification of the public lands, and it thus became the responsibility of the surveyor. There was,of course, no thought in 1785 or for many years thereafter of employing geologists to make the classification of the mineral lands, for geology was then only in its infancy.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1050","usgsCitation":"Rabbitt, M.C., 1989, The United States Geological Survey: 1879-1989: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1050, v, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1050.","productDescription":"v, 52 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":366,"text":"Library","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":430386,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/c1050/index.htm","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"CIR 1050 HTML"},{"id":117473,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1050.jpg"},{"id":312328,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1050/pdf/CIRC1050.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"CIR 1050 PDF"},{"id":13662,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1050/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db67348b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rabbitt, Mary C.","contributorId":94242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rabbitt","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":147125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":11854,"text":"ofr89544 - 1989 - Analyses of stream sediment samples from the Orange County copper district, east-central Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:42","indexId":"ofr89544","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-544","title":"Analyses of stream sediment samples from the Orange County copper district, east-central Vermont","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr89544","usgsCitation":"Adrian, B., Gray, J.E., Arbogast, B., Roemer, A., and Atelsek, P., 1989, Analyses of stream sediment samples from the Orange County copper district, east-central Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-544, 30 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89544.","productDescription":"30 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0544/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":39753,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0544/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad1e4b07f02db680dd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adrian, B.F.","contributorId":80687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adrian","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, J. E.","contributorId":49363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arbogast, B. F.","contributorId":60623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arbogast","given":"B. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roemer, A.A.","contributorId":36567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roemer","given":"A.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Atelsek, P.J.","contributorId":104069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atelsek","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":35841,"text":"b1573_1989 - 1989 - Bedrock geology of the Bristol quadrangle, Hartford, Litchfield, and New Haven Counties, Connecticut","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":35841,"text":"b1573_1989 - 1989 - Bedrock geology of the Bristol quadrangle, Hartford, Litchfield, and New Haven Counties, Connecticut","indexId":"b1573_1989","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"title":"Bedrock geology of the Bristol quadrangle, Hartford, Litchfield, and New Haven Counties, Connecticut"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":35832,"text":"b1573 - 1990 - Bedrock geology of the Bristol quadrangle, Hartford, Litchfield, and New Haven Counties, Connecticut","indexId":"b1573","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"title":"Bedrock geology of the Bristol quadrangle, Hartford, Litchfield, and New Haven Counties, Connecticut"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":35832,"text":"b1573 - 1990 - Bedrock geology of the Bristol quadrangle, Hartford, Litchfield, and New Haven Counties, Connecticut","indexId":"b1573","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"title":"Bedrock geology of the Bristol quadrangle, Hartford, Litchfield, and New Haven Counties, Connecticut"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-19T15:38:48.513924","indexId":"b1573_1989","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1573","title":"Bedrock geology of the Bristol quadrangle, Hartford, Litchfield, and New Haven Counties, Connecticut","docAbstract":"<p>Metamorphosed strata of sedimentary origin underlie the upland surface of western Connecticut, and nonmetamorphosed sedimentary strata underlie the adjacent lowland surface of central Connecticut. The metamorphic rocks consist chiefly of micaceous schists and gneisses, with minor amounts of pegmatite, amphibolite, and metaquartzite. These rocks represent three formations. They are, in order of decreasing age, the Taine Mountain Formation, Collinsville Formation, and Straits Schist Formation; together they comprise seven members. The formations probably correlate with the Moretown Formation, Hawley Formation, and Goshen Formation of central western Massachusetts, and Vermont. The originally nonmetamorphosed sediments of the formations thus are inferred to range in geologic age from Middle Ordovician to Late Silurian and Early Devonian. Regional metamorphism of the strata may have occurred during the Acadian orogeny at or near the end of Early Devonian time. The nonmetamorphosed strata of the lowland are mainly sandstone; they are correlated with the New Haven Arkose of Middle Triassic age in central Connecticut. Gravimeter traverses across the upland-lowland boundary suggest the presence of a normal fault of a few hundred feet displacement, downthrown on the east. Traces of copper mineralization are found locally in the vicinity of the boundary, and at least one mine produced copper ore during the 1800's. Jointing and foliation planes in the metamorphic rocks may affect slope stability and the ease of excavation. The sedimentary strata are inclined, commonly massive, and poorly exposed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/b1573_1989","usgsCitation":"Simpson, H.E., 1989, Bedrock geology of the Bristol quadrangle, Hartford, Litchfield, and New Haven Counties, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1573, Report: 22p.; 1 Plate: 38.30 x 31.50 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1573_1989.","productDescription":"Report: 22p.; 1 Plate: 38.30 x 31.50 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":431247,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1573_1989/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247608,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1573_1989/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":164650,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1573_1989/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","county":"Hartford County, Litchfield County, New Haven County","otherGeospatial":"Bristol","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -73,\n              41.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -73,\n              41.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.875,\n              41.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.875,\n              41.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -73,\n              41.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db63422b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simpson, Howard E.","contributorId":95046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpson","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":215316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1013841,"text":"1013841 - 1989 - Studies of contaminant and water quality effects on striped bass prolarvae and yearlings in the Potomac River and upper Chesapeake Bay in 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-07T15:33:14.680647","indexId":"1013841","displayToPublicDate":"1989-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Studies of contaminant and water quality effects on striped bass prolarvae and yearlings in the Potomac River and upper Chesapeake Bay in 1988","docAbstract":"<p><span>Simultaneous on‐site and in situ studies of survival of prolarval and yearling striped bass&nbsp;</span><i>Morone saxatilis</i><span>&nbsp;were conducted in the Potomac River during the 1988 spawning season. Various water quality and contaminant conditions were monitored during these experiments. In situ experiments on yearlings and monitoring of water quality and contaminants were also conducted in the Susquehanna, Elk, and Sassafras rivers of the upper Chesapeake Bay. Survival of striped bass prolarvae ranged from 1 to 20% in the Potomac River during three concurrent 96‐h on‐site and in situ experiments; survival of control fish was 78% or greater. Survival of striped bass yearlings was 15% or less during 28‐d in situ tests at two Potomac River field locations; survival of control fish was 100%. Mortality of prolarvae in the Potomac River was likely caused by a combination of cadmium, lead, chlordane, and sudden drops in temperature. Mortality of yearlings was possibly caused by a combination of cadmium, lead, zinc, chlordane, and ammonia. Survivals of striped bass yearlings tested in 28‐d tests in the Susquehanna, Elk, and Sassafras rivers were 57, 100, and 100%, respectively; survival of control fish was 100%. Mortality of striped bass in the Susquehanna River may have been partly caused by copper and lead concentrations; however, other nonidentified factors were likely more important. Water quality problems were not detected in the Elk or Sassafras rivers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1989)118<0619:SOCAWQ>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hall, L.W., Ziegenfuss, M., Bushong, S.J., Unger, M., and Herman, R.L., 1989, Studies of contaminant and water quality effects on striped bass prolarvae and yearlings in the Potomac River and upper Chesapeake Bay in 1988: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 118, no. 6, p. 619-629, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1989)118<0619:SOCAWQ>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"619","endPage":"629","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130063,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.52754348115879,\n              38.953001309335974\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.52754348115879,\n              37.744736948758785\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.69828148743886,\n              37.744736948758785\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.69828148743886,\n              38.953001309335974\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.52754348115879,\n              38.953001309335974\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"118","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b06e4b07f02db69a2a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, L. W. Jr.","contributorId":6010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ziegenfuss, M.C.","contributorId":57797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziegenfuss","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bushong, S. J.","contributorId":71927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bushong","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Unger, M.A.","contributorId":97047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unger","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Herman, R. L.","contributorId":21101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70123141,"text":"70123141 - 1989 - Copper deficiency in Tule Elk at Point Reyes, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-02T10:28:58","indexId":"70123141","displayToPublicDate":"1989-05-01T10:22:23","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2441,"text":"Journal of Range Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Copper deficiency in Tule Elk at Point Reyes, California","docAbstract":"Tule elk (<i>Cervus elaphus nannodes</i>) reintroduced to Point Reyes, Calif., in 1978 exhibited gross signs of copper deficiency by June 1979.  Copper levels in liver (x=5.9 ppm) and serum (0.42 ppm) of elk in Point Reyes were below levels in adult tule elk from other locations in California (liver, x=80 ppm; serum, x=1.4 ppm).  These levels were consistent with documented copper deficiencies in wild and domestic ruminants.  Copper serum levels increased in response to copper enriched dietary supplements and declined after the elk stopped eating the supplements.  Analysis of plant and soil samples showed both are deficient in copper and normal in molybdenum and sulfur-sulfates.  Deficiency in plants and soils at Point Reyes are probably due to low copper levels in the underlying granitic parent material.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Range Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Range Management","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.2307/3899480","usgsCitation":"Gogan, P., Jessup, D., and Akeson, M., 1989, Copper deficiency in Tule Elk at Point Reyes, California: Journal of Range Management, v. 42, no. 3, p. 233-238, https://doi.org/10.2307/3899480.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"238","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479875,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/644992","text":"External Repository"},{"id":293262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":293261,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3899480"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Point Reyes","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.827447,38.061593 ], [ -122.827447,38.114335 ], [ -122.784003,38.114335 ], [ -122.784003,38.061593 ], [ -122.827447,38.061593 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"42","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5406d9c5e4b044dc0e828924","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gogan, Peter J.P.","contributorId":91205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gogan","given":"Peter J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jessup, David A.","contributorId":43206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jessup","given":"David A.","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":499860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Akeson, Mark","contributorId":47702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akeson","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70039396,"text":"70039396 - 1989 - Suggestions for prospecting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-04T01:01:57","indexId":"70039396","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T10:17:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Suggestions for prospecting","docAbstract":"Prospectors have contributed much to the development of this Nation's mineral resources. Since the time of the earliest settlement, the need for iron for tools and guns, lead for bullets, and copper for utensils has prompted a search for sources of these metals. The lure of gold and silver provided the impetus for much of the development in the West between 1850 and 1910. Later, prospectors carried out successful ventures to fulfill the country's expanding industrial demands for other metals such as zinc, molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, vanadium, and many others. Even America's uninhabited rugged mountains or barren deserts have been prospected although perhaps only at a reconnaissance scale.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70039396","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1989, Suggestions for prospecting: General Information Product, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039396.","productDescription":"25 p.","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":261538,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039396/report.pdf"},{"id":261539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039396/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9db6e4b08c986b31da18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26690,"text":"wri894007 - 1989 - Effects of land use on the water quality and biota of three streams in the Piedmont province of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-07T20:54:54.680123","indexId":"wri894007","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4007","title":"Effects of land use on the water quality and biota of three streams in the Piedmont province of North Carolina","docAbstract":"Three small streams in North Carolina 's northern Piedmont were studied to compare the effects of land use in their watersheds on water quality characteristics and aquatic biota. Devil 's Cradle Creek (agricultural watershed) had more than two times the sediment yield of Smith Creek (forested watershed) (0.34 tons/acre compared to 0.13 tons/acre), and Marsh Creek (urban watershed) had more than four times the yield of Smith Creek (0.59 tons/acre). Concentrations of nutrients were consistently highest in Devil 's Craddle Creek. Concentrations of total copper, iron, and lead in samples from each of the three streams at times exceeded State water quality standards as did concentrations of total zinc in samples from both Smith and Marsh Creeks. Successively lower aquatic invertebrate taxa richness was found in the forested, the agricultural, and the urban watershed streams. Invertebrate biota in Smith Creek was dominated by insects, such as Ephemeroptera, that are intolerant to stress from pollution, whereas Devil 's Cradle Creek was dominated by the more tolerant Diptera, and Marsh Creek was dominated by the most pollution-tolerant group, the Oligochaeta. Fish communities in the forested and agricultural watershed streams were characterized by more species and more individuals of each species, relative to a limited community in urban Marsh Creek. Three independent variables closely linked to land use--suspended-sediment yield, suspended-sediment load, and total lead concentrations in stream water--are inversely associated with the biological communities of the streams.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894007","usgsCitation":"Crawford, J.K., and Lenat, D.R., 1989, Effects of land use on the water quality and biota of three streams in the Piedmont province of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4007, vi, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894007.","productDescription":"vi, 67 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415470,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47137.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":123660,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4007/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55553,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4007/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Piedmont Province, Smith Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.525,\n              35.7667\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.525,\n              36.2417\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.6667,\n              36.2417\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.6667,\n              35.7667\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.525,\n              35.7667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ec79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crawford, J. K.","contributorId":18396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lenat, D. R.","contributorId":29478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lenat","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26638,"text":"wri894062 - 1989 - Statistical and simulation analysis of hydraulic-conductivity data for Bear Creek and Melton Valleys, Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-28T18:52:09.554135","indexId":"wri894062","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"89-4062","title":"Statistical and simulation analysis of hydraulic-conductivity data for Bear Creek and Melton Valleys, Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee","docAbstract":"<p>A total of 338 single-well aquifer tests from Bear Creek and Melton Valley, Tennessee were statistically grouped to estimate hydraulic conductivities for the geologic formations in the valleys. A cross-sectional simulation model linked to a regression model was used to further refine the statistical estimates for each of the formations and to improve understanding of ground-water flow in Bear Creek Valley. Median hydraulic-conductivity values were used as initial values in the model. Model-calculated estimates of hydraulic conductivity were generally lower than the statistical estimates. Simulations indicate that (1) the Pumpkin Valley Shale controls groundwater flow between Pine Ridge and Bear Creek; (2) all the recharge on Chestnut Ridge discharges to the Maynardville Limestone; (3) the formations having smaller hydraulic gradients may have a greater tendency for flow along strike; (4) local hydraulic conditions in the Maynardville Limestone cause inaccurate model-calculated estimates of hydraulic conductivity; and (5) the conductivity of deep bedrock neither affects the results of the model nor does it add information on the flow system. Improved model performance would require: (1) more water level data for the Copper Ridge Dolomite; (2) improved estimates of hydraulic conductivity in the Copper Ridge Dolomite and Maynardville Limestone; and (3) more water level data and aquifer tests in deep bedrock.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri894062","usgsCitation":"Connell, J.F., and Bailey, Z., 1989, Statistical and simulation analysis of hydraulic-conductivity data for Bear Creek and Melton Valleys, Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4062, v, 49 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri894062.","productDescription":"v, 49 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416520,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47176.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":55511,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4062/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157861,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1989/4062/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Bear Creek, Melton Valley, Oak Ridge Resevation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.4167,\n              36.0319\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.4167,\n              35.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.2194,\n              35.9\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.2194,\n              36.0319\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.4167,\n              36.0319\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Connell, J. F.","contributorId":88779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connell","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, Z. C.","contributorId":54587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Z. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}