The USGS Historical Quadrangle Scanning Project (HQSP) is scanning all scales and all editions of approximately 250,000 topographic maps published by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) since the inception of the topographic mapping program in 1884. This scanning will provide a comprehensive digital repository of USGS topographic maps, available to the public at no cost. This project serves the dual purpose of creating a master catalog and digital archive copies of the irreplaceable collection of topographic maps in the USGS Reston Map Library as well as making the maps available for viewing and downloading from the USGS Store and The National Map Viewer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20113009","usgsCitation":"Davis, L.R., and Allord, G., 2011, Scanning and georeferencing historical USGS quadrangles (Version 1.0: Originally posted January 19, 2011; Version 2.0: May 18, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3009, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113009.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126146,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20113009.PNG"},{"id":14443,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3009/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":300471,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3009/pdf/fs2011-3009.pdf","text":"Report","size":"514 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted January 19, 2011; Version 2.0: May 18, 2015","publicComments":"Historical Topographic Map Collection","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fdaee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Larry R. 0000-0003-2479-7432 lrdavis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2479-7432","contributorId":4655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Larry","email":"lrdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allord, G.J.","contributorId":26665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allord","given":"G.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9000561,"text":"fs20103092 - 2011 - Upper Colorado River Basin Climate Effects Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:12","indexId":"fs20103092","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3092","title":"Upper Colorado River Basin Climate Effects Network","docAbstract":"The Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) Climate Effects Network (CEN) is a science team established to provide information to assist land managers in future decision making processes by providing a better understanding of how future climate change, land use, invasive species, altered fire cycles, human systems, and the interactions among these factors will affect ecosystems and the services they provide to human communities. The goals of this group are to (1) identify science needs and provide tools to assist land managers in addressing these needs, (2) provide a Web site where users can access information pertinent to this region, and (3) provide managers technical assistance when needed. Answers to the team's working science questions are intended to address how interactions among climate change, land use, and management practices may affect key aspects of water availability, ecosystem changes, and societal needs within the UCRB.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103092","usgsCitation":"Belnap, J., Campbell, D., and Kershner, J., 2011, Upper Colorado River Basin Climate Effects Network: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3092, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103092.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":19188,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3092/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3092.bmp"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a24e4b07f02db60e609","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Donald","contributorId":9114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Donald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kershner, Jeff","contributorId":99422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kershner","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70038410,"text":"fs20103058 - 2010 - Streamflow of 2009--Water year summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-05-26T01:01:37","indexId":"fs20103058","displayToPublicDate":"2012-05-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3058","title":"Streamflow of 2009--Water year summary","docAbstract":"The maps and graph in this summary describe streamflow conditions for water-year 2009 (October 1, 2008 to September 30, 2009) in the context of the 80-year period 1930-2009, unless otherwise noted. The illustrations are based on observed data from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Streamflow Information Program. The period 1930-2009 was used because prior to 1930, the number of streamgages was too small to provide representative data for computing statistics for most regions of the country.\r\nIn the summary, reference is made to the term \"runoff,\" which is the depth to which a river basin, State, or other geographic area would be covered with water if all the streamflow within the area during a single year was uniformly distributed upon it. Runoff quantifies the magnitude of water flowing through the Nation's rivers and streams in measurement units that can be compared from one area to another.\r\nEach of the maps and graphs can be expanded to a larger view by clicking on the image. In all the graphics, a rank of 1 indicates the highest flow of all years analyzed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103058","usgsCitation":"Xiaodong, J., Wolock, D.M., Lins, H.F., and Brady, S., 2010, Streamflow of 2009--Water year summary: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3058, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103058.","productDescription":"8 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":256943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3058.gif"},{"id":256938,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3058/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9b12e4b08c986b31cc6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Xiaodong, Jian","contributorId":10260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Xiaodong","given":"Jian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X dwolock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"dwolock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lins, Harry F. 0000-0001-5385-9247 hlins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-9247","contributorId":1505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lins","given":"Harry","email":"hlins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":464057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brady, Steve","contributorId":108351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":464059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70005968,"text":"fs20103007 - 2010 - Outdoor water use and water conservation opportunities in Virginia Beach, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:43","indexId":"fs20103007","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3007","title":"Outdoor water use and water conservation opportunities in Virginia Beach, Virginia","docAbstract":"How much water do you use to water your lawn, wash your car, or fill your swimming pool? Your answers to these questions have important implications for water supplies in the City of Virginia Beach. To help find the answers, the City cooperated with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Old Dominion University to learn more about seasonal outdoor water use. In the summer of 2008 the USGS surveyed city residents and asked detailed questions about their outdoor water use. This fact sheet describes what was learned in the survey.\nThe amount of seasonal water use is important to the City of Virginia Beach because the primary source of this water is a fragile, shallow aquifer that is the only fresh groundwater source available within the city. Residents in the mostly rural southern half of Virginia Beach rely solely on this aquifer, not only for outdoor water uses but also for indoor domestic uses such as drinking and bathing. Groundwater that is close to the land surface in Virginia Beach is mostly fresh, whereas water 200 feet or more below the land surface is mostly saline and generally too salty to drink or use for irrigating lawns and gardens.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103007","usgsCitation":"Eggleston, J.R., 2010, Outdoor water use and water conservation opportunities in Virginia Beach, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3007, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103007.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116406,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3007.jpg"},{"id":110832,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3007/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"state":"Virginia","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699dd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eggleston, John R. 0000-0001-6633-3041 jegglest@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6633-3041","contributorId":3068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggleston","given":"John","email":"jegglest@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70005970,"text":"fs20103090 - 2010 - Detailed seafloor habitat mapping to enhance marine-resource management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:01","indexId":"fs20103090","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3090","title":"Detailed seafloor habitat mapping to enhance marine-resource management","docAbstract":"Pictures of the seafloor capture important information about the sediments, exposed geologic features, submerged aquatic vegetation, and animals found in a given habitat. With the emergence of marine protected areas (MPAs) as a favored tactic for preserving coral reef resources, knowledge of essential habitat components is paramount to designing effective management strategies. Surprisingly, detailed information on seafloor habitat components is not available in many areas that are being considered for MPA designation or that are already designated as MPAs. A task of the U.S. Geological Survey Coral Reef Ecosystem STudies (USGS CREST) project is addressing this issue.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103090","usgsCitation":"Zawada, D., and Hart, K.M., 2010, Detailed seafloor habitat mapping to enhance marine-resource management: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3090, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103090.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":575,"text":"St. Petersburg Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3090.jpg"},{"id":110859,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3090/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667bb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zawada, David G. 0000-0003-4547-4878 dzawada@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4547-4878","contributorId":1898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zawada","given":"David G.","email":"dzawada@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, Kristen M. 0000-0002-5257-7974 kristen_hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":1966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","email":"kristen_hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70005972,"text":"fs20103098 - 2010 - Coral calcification in a changing ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:16:01","indexId":"fs20103098","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3098","title":"Coral calcification in a changing ocean","docAbstract":"Animals and plants that live in the ocean form skeletons and other hard parts by combining calcium ions and carbonate ions to create calcium carbonate. This process is called calcification. In tropical and subtropical oceans, the calcification of corals and other organisms creates reefs that protect islands, produce beautiful white-sand beaches, and create habitat for thousands of species that live on coral reefs.\nMany reefs around the globe are declining in health. Live, reef-building corals are becoming scarcer, often being replaced by fleshy algae (seaweeds) that do not build reefs. Many factors contribute to reef decline, but scientific consensus is that coral bleaching, coral disease, overfishing, and coastal development are largely to blame. It is the role of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to provide science that informs the decision-making process of those who are tasked with managing reef resources under U.S. jurisdiction.\nOne of the goals of the Coral Reef Ecosystem Studies (CREST) project is to examine how calcification rates in reef-building corals and encrusting coralline algae are changing in response to changes in the ocean environment.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103098","usgsCitation":"Kuffner, I.B., 2010, Coral calcification in a changing ocean: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3098, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103098.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":575,"text":"St. Petersburg Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116418,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3098.jpg"},{"id":110837,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3098/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db6858b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70005942,"text":"fs20103101 - 2010 - Extreme drought to extreme floods: summary of hydrologic conditions in Georgia, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-07T10:39:20","indexId":"fs20103101","displayToPublicDate":"2011-11-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3101","title":"Extreme drought to extreme floods: summary of hydrologic conditions in Georgia, 2009","docAbstract":"The United States Geological Survey (USGS) Georgia Water Science Center (WSC) maintains a long-term hydrologic monitoring network of more than 317 real-time streamgages, more than 180 groundwater wells of which 31 are real-time, and 10 lake-level monitoring stations. One of the many benefits of data collected from this monitoring network is that analysis of the data provides an overview of the hydrologic conditions of rivers, creeks, reservoirs, and aquifers in Georgia.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Georgia Water Science Center","doi":"10.3133/fs20103101","usgsCitation":"Knaak, A.E., Pojunas, T.K., and Peck, M., 2010, Extreme drought to extreme floods: summary of hydrologic conditions in Georgia, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3101, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103101.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","numberOfPages":"6","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3101.jpg"},{"id":110819,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f89b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knaak, Andrew E. 0000-0003-1813-8959 aknaak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1813-8959","contributorId":3123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knaak","given":"Andrew","email":"aknaak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":353504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pojunas, Timothy K.","contributorId":63679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pojunas","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peck, Michael F. mfpeck@usgs.gov","contributorId":1467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Michael F.","email":"mfpeck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":353503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9001440,"text":"fs20103107 - 2010 - Epic Flooding in Georgia, 2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T08:16:27","indexId":"fs20103107","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3107","title":"Epic Flooding in Georgia, 2009","docAbstract":"Metropolitan Atlanta-September 2009 Floods
South Georgia March and April 2009 Floods
Information on the flow of rivers and streams is a vital national asset that safeguards lives, protects property, and ensures adequate water supplies for the future. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) operates a network of more than 9,000 streamgages nationwide with more than 500 in Texas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, Virginia","doi":"10.3133/fs20113001","usgsCitation":"Lurry, D.L., 2010, How does a U.S. Geological Survey streamgage work?: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2011-3001, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113001.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2011_3001.bmp"},{"id":14425,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3001/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bdd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lurry, Dee L.","contributorId":10766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lurry","given":"Dee","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":98986,"text":"fs20103110 - 2010 - Streamflow characteristics and benthic invertebrate assemblages in streams across the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T14:49:52","indexId":"fs20103110","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3110","title":"Streamflow characteristics and benthic invertebrate assemblages in streams across the western United States","docAbstract":"Hydrographic characteristics of streamflow, such as high-flow pulses, base flow (background discharge between floods), extreme low flows, and floods, significantly influence aquatic organisms. Streamflow can be described in terms of magnitude, timing, duration, frequency, and variation (hydrologic regime). These characteristics have broad effects on ecosystem productivity, habitat structure, and ultimately on resident fish, invertebrate, and algae communities. Increasing human use of limited water resources has modified hydrologic regimes worldwide. Identifying the most ecologically significant hydrographic characteristics would facilitate the development of water-management strategies.
Benthic invertebrates include insects, mollusks (snails and clams), worms, and crustaceans (shrimp) that live on the streambed. Invertebrates play an important role in the food web, consuming other invertebrates and algae and being consumed by fish and birds. Hydrologic alteration associated with land and water use can change the natural hydrologic regime and may affect benthic invertebrate assemblage composition and structure through changes in density of invertebrates or taxa richness (number of different species).
This study examined associations between the hydrologic regime and characteristics of benthic invertebrate assemblages across the western United States and developed tools to identify streamflow characteristics that are likely to affect benthic invertebrate assemblages.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103110","usgsCitation":"Brasher, A., Konrad, C.P., May, J., Edmiston, C.S., and Close, R.N., 2010, Streamflow characteristics and benthic invertebrate assemblages in streams across the western United States: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3110, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103110.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3110.bmp"},{"id":14422,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3110/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":334726,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3110/pdf/fs20103110.pdf"}],"country":"United States","publicComments":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4e59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brasher, Anne M.D.","contributorId":33686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brasher","given":"Anne M.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Konrad, Chris P.","contributorId":26666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konrad","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, Jason T. 0000-0002-5699-2112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":14791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Jason T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edmiston, C. Scott","contributorId":30595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edmiston","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Close, Rebecca N.","contributorId":16803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Close","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":9000556,"text":"fs20103091 - 2010 - Effects of ocean acidification and sea-level rise on coral reefs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-02T13:45:58","indexId":"fs20103091","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3091","title":"Effects of ocean acidification and sea-level rise on coral reefs","docAbstract":"U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists are developing comprehensive records of historical and modern coral reef growth and calcification rates relative to changing seawater chemistry resulting from increasing atmospheric CO2 from the pre-industrial period to the present. These records will provide the scientific foundation for predicting future impacts of ocean acidification and sea-level rise on coral reef growth. Changes in coral growth rates in response to past changes in seawater pH are being examined by using cores from coral colonies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103091","usgsCitation":"Yates, K.K., and Moyer, R., 2010, Effects of ocean acidification and sea-level rise on coral reefs: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3091, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103091.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116238,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3091.bmp"},{"id":14461,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3091/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":287962,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3091/pdf/FS_2010-3091.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ebd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yates, K. K.","contributorId":108056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moyer, R.P.","contributorId":95839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moyer","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":98981,"text":"fs20103016 - 2010 - Regional climate change-Science in the Southeast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:44","indexId":"fs20103016","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3016","title":"Regional climate change-Science in the Southeast","docAbstract":"Resource managers are at the forefront of a new era of management. They must consider the potential impacts of climate change on the Nation's resources and proactively develop strategies for dealing with those impacts on plants, animals, and ecosystems. This requires rigorous, scientific understanding of environmental change.\r\n\r\nThe role of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in this effort is to analyze climate-change data and develop tools for assessing how changing conditions are likely to impact resources. This information will assist Federal, State, local, and tribal partners manage resources strategically. The 2008 Omnibus Budget Act and Secretarial Order 3289 established a new network of eight Department of Interior Regional Climate Science Centers to provide technical support for resource managers.\r\n\r\nThe Southeast Regional Assessment Project (SERAP) is the first regional assessment to be funded by the USGS National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center (http://nccw.usgs.gov/). The USGS is working closely with the developing Department of Interior Landscape Conservation Cooperatives to ensure that the project will meet the needs of resource managers in the Southeast. In addition, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is providing resources to the SERAP to expand the scope of the project.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103016","usgsCitation":"Jones, S.A., 2010, Regional climate change-Science in the Southeast: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3016, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103016.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3016.bmp"},{"id":14415,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3016/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db62817a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Sonya A. 0000-0002-7462-8576 sajones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7462-8576","contributorId":1690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Sonya","email":"sajones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":98977,"text":"fs20103116 - 2010 - Airborne volcanic ash; a global threat to aviation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-10-22T09:38:33","indexId":"fs20103116","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3116","title":"Airborne volcanic ash; a global threat to aviation","docAbstract":"The world's busy air traffic corridors pass over or downwind of hundreds of volcanoes capable of hazardous explosive eruptions. The risk to aviation from volcanic activity is significant - in the United States alone, aircraft carry about 300,000 passengers and hundreds of millions of dollars of cargo near active volcanoes each day. Costly disruption of flight operations in Europe and North America in 2010 in the wake of a moderate-size eruption in Iceland clearly demonstrates how eruptions can have global impacts on the aviation industry. Airborne volcanic ash can be a serious hazard to aviation even hundreds of miles from an eruption. Encounters with high-concentration ash clouds can diminish visibility, damage flight control systems, and cause jet engines to fail. Encounters with low-concentration clouds of volcanic ash and aerosols can accelerate wear on engine and aircraft components, resulting in premature replacement. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with national and international partners, is playing a leading role in the international effort to reduce the risk posed to aircraft by volcanic eruptions.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103116","usgsCitation":"Neal, C., and Guffanti, M.C., 2010, Airborne volcanic ash; a global threat to aviation: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3116, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103116.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":115900,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3116.gif"},{"id":14410,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3116/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":278312,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3116/fs2010-3116.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aefe4b07f02db691503","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":82660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guffanti, Marianne C. guffanti@usgs.gov","contributorId":641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guffanti","given":"Marianne","email":"guffanti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":98974,"text":"fs20103112 - 2010 - Forecasting the effects of land-use and climate change on wildlife communities and habitats in the lower Mississippi Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-05T12:09:37.315699","indexId":"fs20103112","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3112","title":"Forecasting the effects of land-use and climate change on wildlife communities and habitats in the lower Mississippi Valley","docAbstract":"Landscape patterns and processes reflect both natural ecosystem attributes and the policy and management decisions of individual Federal, State, county, and private organizations. Land-use regulation, water management, and habitat conservation and restoration efforts increasingly rely on landscape-level approaches that incorporate scientific information into the decision-making process. Since management actions are implemented to affect future conditions, decision-support models are necessary to forecast potential future conditions resulting from these decisions. Spatially explicit modeling approaches enable testing of different scenarios and help evaluate potential outcomes of management actions in conjunction with natural processes such as climate change. The ability to forecast the effects of changing land use and climate is critically important to land and resource managers since their work is inherently site specific, yet conservation strategies and practices are expressed at higher spatial and temporal scales that must be considered in the decisionmaking process.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103112","usgsCitation":"Faulkner, S.P., 2010, Forecasting the effects of land-use and climate change on wildlife communities and habitats in the lower Mississippi Valley (-=): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3112, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103112.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126058,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3112.bmp"},{"id":14407,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3112/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"-=","contact":"","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e492ae4b07f02db57d1aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faulkner, Stephen P. 0000-0001-5295-1383 faulkners@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5295-1383","contributorId":374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faulkner","given":"Stephen","email":"faulkners@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":9000514,"text":"fs20103119 - 2010 - Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Red Sea Basin Province","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:04","indexId":"fs20103119","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3119","title":"Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Red Sea Basin Province","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey estimated mean volumes of 5 billion barrels of undiscovered technically recoverable oil and 112 trillion cubic feet of recoverable gas in the Red Sea Basin Province using a geology-based assessment methodology.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103119","collaboration":"World Petroleum Resources Project","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2010, Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Red Sea Basin Province: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3119, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103119.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126070,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3119.bmp"},{"id":19175,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3119/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"Egypt;Eritrea;Jordan;Saudi Arabia;Sudan;Yemen","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 27,12 ], [ 27,31 ], [ 62,31 ], [ 62,12 ], [ 27,12 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db6728e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":98917,"text":"fs20103118 - 2010 - Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES): using GIS to include social values information in ecosystem services assessments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-20T13:20:13","indexId":"fs20103118","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3118","title":"Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES): using GIS to include social values information in ecosystem services assessments","docAbstract":"Ecosystem services can be defined in various ways; simply put, they are the benefits provided by nature, which contribute to human well-being. These benefits can range from tangible products such as food and fresh water to cultural services such as recreation and esthetics. As the use of these benefits continues to increase, additional pressures are placed on the natural ecosystems providing them. This makes it all the more important when assessing possible tradeoffs among ecosystem services to consider the human attitudes and preferences that express underlying social values associated with their benefits. While some of these values can be accounted for through economic markets, other values can be more difficult to quantify, and attaching dollar amounts to them may not be very useful in all cases. Regardless of the processes or units used for quantifying such values, the ability to map them across the landscape and relate them to the ecosystem services to which they are attributed is necessary for effective assessments.\n\nTo address some of the needs associated with quantifying and mapping social values for inclusion in ecosystem services assessments, scientists at the Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center (RMGSC), in collaboration with Colorado State University, have developed a public domain tool, Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES). SolVES is a geographic information system (GIS) application designed to use data from public attitude and preference surveys to assess, map, and quantify social values for ecosystem services. SolVES calculates and maps a 10-point Value Index representing the relative perceived social values of ecosystem services such as recreation and biodiversity for various groups of ecosystem stakeholders. SolVES output can also be used to identify and model relationships between social values and physical characteristics of the underlying landscape. These relationships can then be used to generate predicted Value Index maps for areas where survey data are not available. RMGSC will continue to develop more robust versions of SolVES by pursuing opportunities to work with land and resource managers as well as other researchers to apply SolVES to specific ecosystem management problems.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103118","usgsCitation":"Sherrouse, B., and Semmens, D., 2010, Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES): using GIS to include social values information in ecosystem services assessments: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3118, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103118.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3118.png"},{"id":14338,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3118/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":279256,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3118/pdf/FS10-3118.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5edd78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrouse, B.C.","contributorId":94654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrouse","given":"B.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Semmens, D.J.","contributorId":56628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Semmens","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":98914,"text":"fs20103068 - 2010 - Occurrence of Escherichia coli in the Cuyahoga River in the Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:13","indexId":"fs20103068","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3068","title":"Occurrence of Escherichia coli in the Cuyahoga River in the Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Ohio","docAbstract":"There are several measures of the 'cleanliness' of a natural body of water, including concentrations of indicator bacteria, anthropogenic chemicals (chemicals derived from human activities), and nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorous. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a bacterium that lives in the intestinal tract of warm-blooded animals, such as humans, deer, cows, and dogs. Most strains of E. coli are not harmful and are in fact beneficial to humans by aiding in the digestive process. A few strains, such as the O157 strain, produce toxins that can cause gastrointestinal illness, but occurrence of toxic strains in the environment is not common. E. coli is considered a good indicator bacterium because its occurrence in the environment indicates the presence of fecal contamination and therefore the possible presence of pathogenic organisms associated with feces. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) recommends using measurements of E. coli to monitor freshwaters and set criteria for the concentration of bacteria that can be present in the water with minimal adverse human-health effects. Typically, a State's waters are assigned a recreational-use designation, such as bathing, primary-contact, or secondary contact waters, which is used to set the State's water-quality standards based on the USEPA criteria. The Cuyahoga River in the Cuyahoga Valley National Park is designated for primary-contact recreation; therefore, when concentrations of E. coli exceed 298 CFU/100mL, the river would be considered potentially unsafe for recreation.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103068","usgsCitation":"Brady, A., and Plona, M.B., 2010, Occurrence of Escherichia coli in the Cuyahoga River in the Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3068, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103068.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3068.bmp"},{"id":14335,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3068/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.66666666666667,41.083333333333336 ], [ -81.66666666666667,41.416666666666664 ], [ -81.5,41.416666666666664 ], [ -81.5,41.083333333333336 ], [ -81.66666666666667,41.083333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db696080","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brady, Amie M. 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G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plona, Meg B.","contributorId":46470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plona","given":"Meg","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":306928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":98913,"text":"fs20103104 - 2010 - Quantifying effects of climate change on the snowmelt-dominated groundwater resources of northern New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:13","indexId":"fs20103104","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3104","title":"Quantifying effects of climate change on the snowmelt-dominated groundwater resources of northern New England","docAbstract":"Recent U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) climate studies in New England have shown substantial evidence of hydrologic changes during the last 100 years, including trends toward earlier snowmelt runoff, decreasing occurrence of river ice, and decreasing winter snowpack. These studies are being expanded to include investigation of trends in groundwater levels and fluctuations. Groundwater is an important drinking-water source throughout northern New England (Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont). The USGS is currently investigating whether or not groundwater recharge from snowmelt and precipitation exhibits historical trends. In addition to trend-testing, groundwater resources also will be analyzed by relating groundwater-level changes to the large year-to-year variability in weather conditions.\r\n\r\nIntroduction\r\n\r\nThe USGS has documented many seasonal climate-related changes in the northeastern United States that have occurred during the last 30 to 150 years. These changes include earlier snowmelt runoff in the late winter and early spring, decreasing duration of ice on rivers and lakes, decreasing ratio of snowfall to total precipitation, and denser and thinner late-winter snowpack. All of these changes are consistent with warming winter and spring air temperatures (Dudley and Hodgkins, 2002; Hodgkins and others, 2002; Huntington and others, 2004; Hodgkins and others, 2005; Hodgkins and Dudley, 2006a; Hodgkins and Dudley, 2006b). Climate-model projections for the Northeast indicate air-temperature warming, earlier snowmelt runoff, increases in annual evaporation, and decreased low streamflows (Hayhoe and others, 2007).\r\n\r\nThe contribution and timing of spring snowmelt to groundwater recharge is particularly important to groundwater resources in the northeastern United States where aquifers typically consist of thin sediments overlying crystalline bedrock with relatively little storage capacity (Mack, 2009). Following spring recharge, groundwater slowly flows into streams throughout the summer. This groundwater flow is a source of cool water during the summer and accounts for a large proportion of the streamflow during summer low-flow periods.\r\n\r\nGroundwater is an important drinking-water source in northern New England. Approximately 32 percent of public water suppliers draw water from groundwater sources in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine, and approximately 40 percent of the population derives its drinking water from private wells (Kenny and others, 2009). It is vital to understand changes that may be occurring to such an important resource for planning industrial and agricultural water uses and protecting drinking water. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103104","usgsCitation":"Dudley, R.W., Hodgkins, G.A., Shanley, J.B., and Mack, T.J., 2010, Quantifying effects of climate change on the snowmelt-dominated groundwater resources of northern New England: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3104, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103104.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3104.bmp"},{"id":14334,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3104/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a86e4b07f02db64dba5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dudley, Robert W. 0000-0002-0934-0568 rwdudley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-0568","contributorId":2223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"Robert","email":"rwdudley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mack, Thomas J. 0000-0002-0496-3918 tjmack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0496-3918","contributorId":1677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Thomas","email":"tjmack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":306923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":9000493,"text":"fs20103111 - 2010 - Southeast Ecological Science Center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:46","indexId":"fs20103111","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3111","title":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","docAbstract":"Aquatic ecosystems, from deep sea reefs and coastal marshes to freshwater springs and wetlands, are home to diverse assemblages of life. These commercially and ecologically important systems are part of our national heritage, and are often treasured places or refuges that protect rare or threatened species. In the water-rich Southeastern United States, managers face the challenge of understanding how water and land use affect the region's aquatic life. The Southeast Ecological Science Center (SESC) helps address that challenge by providing objective science that can be used to evaluate proposed actions and develop management strategies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20103111","usgsCitation":"Pawlitz, R.J., 2010, Southeast Ecological Science Center: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3111, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103111.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3111.jpg"},{"id":19167,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3111/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e73d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pawlitz, Rachel J. rpawlitz@usgs.gov","contributorId":4251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pawlitz","given":"Rachel","email":"rpawlitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":344119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":98911,"text":"fs20103114 - 2010 - Drought Monitoring with VegDRI","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:07","indexId":"fs20103114","displayToPublicDate":"2010-12-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-3114","title":"Drought Monitoring with VegDRI","docAbstract":"Drought strikes somewhere in the United States every year, turning green landscapes brown as precipitation falls below normal levels and water supplies dwindle. Drought is typically a temporary climatic aberration, but it is also an insidious natural hazard. It might last for weeks, months, or years and may have many negative effects. Drought can threaten crops, livestock, and livelihoods, stress wildlife and habitats, and increase wildfire risks and threats to human health.\r\n\r\nDrought conditions can vary tremendously from place to place and week to week. Accurate drought monitoring is essential to understand a drought's progression and potential effects, and to provide information necessary to support drought mitigation decisions. It is also crucial in light of climate change where droughts could become more frequent, severe, and persistent.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs20103114","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Drought Mitigation Center, University of Nebraska, Lincoln","usgsCitation":"Brown, J., 2010, Drought Monitoring with VegDRI: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3114, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20103114.","productDescription":"2 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_2010_3114.bmp"},{"id":14331,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2010/3114/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a52e4b07f02db62ae12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Jesslyn F. 0000-0002-9976-1998","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-1998","contributorId":85123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jesslyn F.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":306921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}