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,{"id":70117807,"text":"70117807 - 2014 - Diatom and silicoflagellate biostratigraphy for the late Eocene: ODP 1090 (sub-Antarctic Atlantic)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T14:05:13","indexId":"70117807","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Diatom and silicoflagellate biostratigraphy for the late Eocene: ODP 1090 (sub-Antarctic Atlantic)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Abundant and well-preserved diatoms and silicofl agellate assemblages are documented through a complete late Eocene sequence, ODP Hole 1090B, recovered from the southern Agulhas Ridge in the sub-Antarctic South Atlantic. A sequence of Cestodiscus (diatom) species occurrence events involving C. pulchellus var. novazealandica, C. fennerae, C. antarcticus, C. convexus, C. trochus, and C. robustus is tied with paleomagnetic stratigraphy and provides the basis of proposing a new diatom zonation for the latest middle Eocene to early Oligocene (~37.6–33.4 Ma) of the sub-Antarctic South Atlantic. Comparison with previously published diatom occurrence charts suggested this zonation should be applicable throughout the low latitude regions of the world’s oceans. Silicofl agellates belong to the Dictyocha hexacantha and the overlying Corbisema apiculata Zones. The late Eocene succession of silicofl agellate species is dominated by Naviculopsis (20–60%). Naviculopsis constricta and N. foliacea dominate the D. hexacantha Zone, followed by the N. constricta, then N. biapiculata in the C. apiculata Zone. Cold-water Distephanus is most abundant in the latest Eocene along with N. biapiculata. The tops of zonal guide fossils Dictyocha hexacantha and Hannaites quadria (both 36.6 Ma) and Dictyocha spinosa (37.1 Ma) are tied with paleomagnetic stratigraphy.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Diatom research over time and space Morphology, taxonomy, ecology and distribution of diatoms - from fossil to recent, marine to freshwater, established species and genera to new ones","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nova Hedwigia","publisherLocation":"Stuttgart, Germany","usgsCitation":"Barron, J.A., Bukry, D.B., and Gersonde, R., 2014, Diatom and silicoflagellate biostratigraphy for the late Eocene: ODP 1090 (sub-Antarctic Atlantic), chap. <i>of</i> Diatom research over time and space Morphology, taxonomy, ecology and distribution of diatoms - from fossil to recent, marine to freshwater, established species and genera to new ones, p. 1-32.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"32","ipdsId":"IP-044413","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336173,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342987,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.schweizerbart.de/publications/detail/isbn/9783443510657"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b1543ae4b01ccd54fc5ea3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bukry, David B.","contributorId":87070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gersonde, Rainer","contributorId":182425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gersonde","given":"Rainer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":671410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70188319,"text":"70188319 - 2014 - Parameter optimization, sensitivity, and uncertainty analysis of an ecosystem model at a forest flux tower site in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-06T10:45:22","indexId":"70188319","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5407,"text":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parameter optimization, sensitivity, and uncertainty analysis of an ecosystem model at a forest flux tower site in the United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ecosystem models are useful tools for understanding ecological processes and for sustainable management of resources. In biogeochemical field, numerical models have been widely used for investigating carbon dynamics under global changes from site to regional and global scales. However, it is still challenging to optimize parameters and estimate parameterization uncertainty for complex process-based models such as the Erosion Deposition Carbon Model (EDCM), a modified version of CENTURY, that consider carbon, water, and nutrient cycles of ecosystems. This study was designed to conduct the parameter identifiability, optimization, sensitivity, and uncertainty analysis of EDCM using our developed EDCM-Auto, which incorporated a comprehensive R package—Flexible Modeling Framework (FME) and the Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE) algorithm. Using a forest flux tower site as a case study, we implemented a comprehensive modeling analysis involving nine parameters and four target variables (carbon and water fluxes) with their corresponding measurements based on the eddy covariance technique. The local sensitivity analysis shows that the plant production-related parameters (e.g., PPDF1 and PRDX) are most sensitive to the model cost function. Both SCE and FME are comparable and performed well in deriving the optimal parameter set with satisfactory simulations of target variables. Global sensitivity and uncertainty analysis indicate that the parameter uncertainty and the resulting output uncertainty can be quantified, and that the magnitude of parameter-uncertainty effects depends on variables and seasons. This study also demonstrates that using the cutting-edge R functions such as FME can be feasible and attractive for conducting comprehensive parameter analysis for ecosystem modeling.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2013MS000298","usgsCitation":"Wu, Y., Liu, S., Huang, Z., and Yan, W., 2014, Parameter optimization, sensitivity, and uncertainty analysis of an ecosystem model at a forest flux tower site in the United States: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, v. 6, no. 2, p. 405-419, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013MS000298.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"405","endPage":"419","ipdsId":"IP-054696","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013ms000298","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Harvard Forest Environmental Monitoring Site","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.19193458557129,\n              42.527404736562765\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.16086387634276,\n              42.527404736562765\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.16086387634276,\n              42.54757927368963\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.19193458557129,\n              42.54757927368963\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.19193458557129,\n              42.527404736562765\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5937bf2fe4b0f6c2d0d9c778","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, Yiping ywu@usgs.gov","contributorId":987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Yiping","email":"ywu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Shuguang 0000-0002-6027-3479 sliu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-3479","contributorId":147403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shuguang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huang, Zhihong","contributorId":192636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Zhihong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yan, Wende","contributorId":192438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yan","given":"Wende","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70188874,"text":"70188874 - 2014 - A mechanistic modeling and data assimilation framework for Mojave Desert ecohydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T10:04:30","indexId":"70188874","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A mechanistic modeling and data assimilation framework for Mojave Desert ecohydrology","docAbstract":"<p><span>This study demonstrates and addresses challenges in coupled ecohydrological modeling in deserts, which arise due to unique plant adaptations, marginal growing conditions, slow net primary production rates, and highly variable rainfall. We consider model uncertainty from both structural and parameter errors and present a mechanistic model for the shrub </span><i>Larrea tridentata</i><span> (creosote bush) under conditions found in the Mojave National Preserve in southeastern California (USA). Desert-specific plant and soil features are incorporated into the CLM-CN model by Oleson et al. (2010). We then develop a data assimilation framework using the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) to estimate model parameters based on soil moisture and leaf-area index observations. A new implementation procedure, the “multisite loop EnKF,” tackles parameter estimation difficulties found to affect desert ecohydrological applications. Specifically, the procedure iterates through data from various observation sites to alleviate adverse filter impacts from non-Gaussianity in small desert vegetation state values. It also readjusts inconsistent parameters and states through a model spin-up step that accounts for longer dynamical time scales due to infrequent rainfall in deserts. Observation error variance inflation may also be needed to help prevent divergence of estimates from true values. Synthetic test results highlight the importance of adequate observations for reducing model uncertainty, which can be achieved through data quality or quantity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014WR015281","usgsCitation":"Ng, G.C., Bedford, D., and Miller, D., 2014, A mechanistic modeling and data assimilation framework for Mojave Desert ecohydrology: Water Resources Research, v. 50, no. 6, p. 4662-4685, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR015281.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"4662","endPage":"4685","ipdsId":"IP-055966","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014wr015281","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342944,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.675,\n              35.175\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.516667,\n              35.175\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.516667,\n              34.983333\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.675,\n              34.983333\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.675,\n              35.175\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59536eade4b062508e3c7aa5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ng, Gene-Hua Crystal gng@usgs.gov","contributorId":5313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ng","given":"Gene-Hua","email":"gng@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Crystal","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bedford, David dbedford@usgs.gov","contributorId":140767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedford","given":"David","email":"dbedford@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70103633,"text":"70103633 - 2014 - Characterization of the porosity distribution in the upper part of the karst Biscayne aquifer using common offset ground penetrating radar, Everglades National Park, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-24T14:23:02","indexId":"70103633","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of the porosity distribution in the upper part of the karst Biscayne aquifer using common offset ground penetrating radar, Everglades National Park, Florida","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0010\">The karst Biscayne aquifer is characterized by a heterogeneous spatial arrangement of porosity and hydraulic conductivity, making conceptualization difficult. The Biscayne aquifer is the primary source of drinking water for millions of people in south Florida; thus, information concerning the distribution of karst features that concentrate the groundwater flow and affect contaminant transport is critical. The principal purpose of the study was to investigate the ability of two-dimensional ground penetrating radar (GPR) to rapidly characterize porosity variability in the karst Biscayne aquifer in south Florida. An 800-m-long GPR transect of a previously investigated area at the Long Pine Key Nature Trail in Everglades National Park, collected in fast acquisition common offset mode, shows hundreds of diffraction hyperbolae. The distribution of diffraction hyperbolae was used to estimate electromagnetic (EM) wave velocity at each diffraction location and to assess both horizontal and vertical changes in velocity within the transect. A petrophysical model (complex refractive index model or CRIM) was used to estimate total bulk porosity. A set of common midpoint surveys at selected locations distributed along the common-offset transect also were collected for comparison with the common offsets and were used to constrain one-dimensional (1-D) distributions of porosity with depth. Porosity values for the saturated Miami Limestone ranged between 25% and 41% for common offset GPR surveys, and between 23% and 39% for common midpoint GPR surveys. Laboratory measurements of porosity in five whole-core samples from the saturated part of the aquifer in the study area ranged between 7.1% and 41.8%. GPR estimates of porosity were found to be valid only under saturated conditions; other limitations are related to the vertical resolution of the GPR signal and the volume of the material considered by the measurement methodology. Overall, good correspondence between GPR estimates and the direct porosity values from the whole-core samples confirms the ability of GPR common offset surveys to provide rapid characterization of porosity variability in the Biscayne aquifer.</p><p id=\"sp0015\">The common offset survey method has several advantages: (1) improved time efficiency in comparison to other GPR acquisition modes such as common midpoints; and (2) enhanced lateral continuity of porosity estimates, particularly when compared to porosity measurements on 1-D samples such as rock cores. The results also support the presence of areas of low EM wave velocity or high porosity under saturated conditions, causing velocity pull-down areas and apparent sag features in the reflection record. This study shows that GPR can be a useful tool for improving understanding of the petrophysical properties of highly heterogeneous systems such as karst aquifers, and thus may assist with the development of more accurate groundwater flow models, such as those used for restoration efforts in the Everglades.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.04.048","usgsCitation":"Mountain, G.S., Cunningham, K.J., and Comas, X., 2014, Characterization of the porosity distribution in the upper part of the karst Biscayne aquifer using common offset ground penetrating radar, Everglades National Park, Florida: Journal of Hydrology, v. 515, p. 223-236, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.04.048.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"236","ipdsId":"IP-044930","costCenters":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Long Pine Key Nature Trail","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.646389,\n              25.402778\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.638056,\n              25.402778\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.638056,\n              25.398889\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.646389,\n              25.398889\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.646389,\n              25.402778\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"515","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d63039e4b05ec7991310ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mountain, Gregory S.","contributorId":29154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mountain","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":686106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Comas, Xavier","contributorId":176879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Comas","given":"Xavier","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cunningham, Kevin J. 0000-0002-2179-8686 kcunning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-8686","contributorId":1689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"Kevin","email":"kcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":518818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70108083,"text":"ofr20141104 - 2014 - Discharge, water quality, and native fish abundance in the Virgin River, Utah, Nevada, and Arizona, in support of Pah Tempe Springs discharge remediation efforts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-10T15:19:55","indexId":"ofr20141104","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-15T12:32:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1104","title":"Discharge, water quality, and native fish abundance in the Virgin River, Utah, Nevada, and Arizona, in support of Pah Tempe Springs discharge remediation efforts","docAbstract":"<p>Pah Tempe Springs discharge hot, saline, low dissolved-oxygen water to the Virgin River in southwestern Utah, which is transported downstream to Lake Mead and the Colorado River. The dissolved salts in the Virgin River negatively influence the suitability of this water for downstream agricultural, municipal, and industrial use. Therefore, various remediation scenarios to remove the salt load discharged from Pah Tempe Springs to the Virgin River are being considered. One concern about this load removal is the potential to impact the ecology of the Virgin River. Specifically, information is needed regarding possible impacts of Pah Tempe Springs remediation scenarios on the abundance, distribution, and survival of native fish in the Virgin River. Future efforts that aim to quantitatively assess how various remediation scenarios to reduce the load of dissolved salts from Pah Tempe Springs into the Virgin River may influence the abundance, distribution, and survival of native fish will require data on discharge, water quality, and native fish abundance. This report contains organized accessible discharge, water quality, and native fish abundance data sets from the Virgin River, documents the compilation of these data, and discusses approaches for quantifying relations between abiotic physical and chemical conditions, and fish abundance.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141104","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Forum","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.P., Lambert, P.M., and Hardy, T., 2014, Discharge, water quality, and native fish abundance in the Virgin River, Utah, Nevada, and Arizona, in support of Pah Tempe Springs discharge remediation efforts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1104, Report: v, 16 p.; Appendixes 1-8, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141104.","productDescription":"Report: v, 16 p.; Appendixes 1-8","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-046372","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":290133,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141104.JPG"},{"id":290138,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1104/pdf/ofr2014-1104.pdf"},{"id":290131,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1104/"},{"id":290139,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1104/downloads/ofr2014-1104_appendixes.zip","text":"Appendixes 1-8"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Nevada, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Pah Tempe Springs, Virgin River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.03,31.22 ], [ -120.03,42.0 ], [ -108.98,42.0 ], [ -108.98,31.22 ], [ -120.03,31.22 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c63f50e4b0001bd5147729","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, Matthew P. 0000-0002-2537-1823 mamiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-1823","contributorId":3919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Matthew","email":"mamiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lambert, Patrick M. 0000-0001-6808-2303 plambert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6808-2303","contributorId":349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lambert","given":"Patrick","email":"plambert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hardy, Thomas B.","contributorId":62936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardy","given":"Thomas B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70112826,"text":"ofr20141121 - 2014 - Effects of reintroduced beaver (<i>Castor canadensis</i>) on riparian bird community structure along the upper San Pedro River, southeastern Arizona and northern Sonora, Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T13:45:10","indexId":"ofr20141121","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-15T08:21:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1121","title":"Effects of reintroduced beaver (<i>Castor canadensis</i>) on riparian bird community structure along the upper San Pedro River, southeastern Arizona and northern Sonora, Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>Chapter 1.—We measured bird abundance and richness along the upper San Pedro River in 2005 and 2006, in order to document how beavers (<i>Castor canadensis</i>) may act as ecosystem engineers after their reintroduction to a desert riparian area in the Southwestern United States. In areas where beavers colonized, we found higher bird abundance and richness of bird groups, such as all breeding birds, insectivorous birds, and riparian specialists, and higher relative abundance of many individual species—including several avian species of conservation concern.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Chapter 2.—We conducted bird surveys in riparian areas along the upper San Pedro River in southeastern Arizona (United States) and northern Sonora (Mexico) in order to describe factors influencing bird community dynamics and the distribution and abundance of species, particularly those of conservation concern. These surveys were also used to document the effects of the ecosystem-altering activities of a recently reintroduced beavers (<i>Castor canadensis</i>).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Chapter 3.—We reviewed Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (<i>Empidonax traillii extimus</i>) nest records and investigated the potential for future breeding along the upper San Pedro River in southeastern Arizona, where in July 2005 we encountered the southernmost verifiable nest attempt for the species. Continued conservation and management of the area’s riparian vegetation and surface water has potential to contribute additional breeding sites for this endangered Willow Flycatcher subspecies. Given the nest record along the upper San Pedro River and the presence of high-density breeding sites to the north, the native cottonwood-willow forests of the upper San Pedro River could become increasingly important to <i>E. t. extimus</i> recovery, especially considering the anticipated effect of the tamarisk leaf beetle (<i>Diorhabda carinulata</i>) on riparian habitat north of the region.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141121","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Arizona, School of Natural Resources and the Environment","usgsCitation":"Johnson, G.E., and van Riper, C., 2014, Effects of reintroduced beaver (<i>Castor canadensis</i>) on riparian bird community structure along the upper San Pedro River, southeastern Arizona and northern Sonora, Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1121, vi, 98 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141121.","productDescription":"vi, 98 p.","numberOfPages":"108","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-012357","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":290084,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141121.jpg"},{"id":290015,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1121/"},{"id":290083,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1121/pdf/ofr2014-1121.pdf"}],"country":"Mexico;United States","state":"Arizona;Sonora","otherGeospatial":"San Pedro River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.256138,31.199974 ], [ -110.256138,31.861558 ], [ -110.071382,31.861558 ], [ -110.071382,31.199974 ], [ -110.256138,31.199974 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c63f52e4b0001bd514772b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Glenn E.","contributorId":99053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70168863,"text":"70168863 - 2014 - Hematite-bearing materials surrounding Candor Mensa in Candor Chasma, Mars: Implications for hematite origin and post-emplacement modification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-11T09:41:06","indexId":"70168863","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hematite-bearing materials surrounding Candor Mensa in Candor Chasma, Mars: Implications for hematite origin and post-emplacement modification","docAbstract":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">The Valles Marineris canyon system on Mars is of enduring scientific interest in part due to the presence of interior mounds that contain extensive layering and water-altered minerals, such as crystalline gray hematite and hydrated sulfates. The presence of hematite and hydrated sulfate minerals is important because their host rock lithologies provide information about past environments that may have supported liquid water and may have been habitable. This work further defines the association and relationship between hematite-bearing materials and low albedo (presumably aeolian) deposits and layered materials, identifies physical characteristics that are strongly correlated with the presence of hematite, and refines hypotheses for the origin and post-emplacement modification (including transport) of these hematite-bearing and associated materials. There are only three regions surrounding Candor Mensa where hematite has been identified, even though morphologic properties are similar throughout the entire mensa. Three possible explanations for why hematite is only exposed in these regions include: (1) the topographic structure of the mensa walls concentrates hematite at the base of the layered deposits, influencing the ability to detect hematite from orbit; (2) the presence of differing amounts of &ldquo;dark mantling material&rdquo; and hematite-free erosional sediment; (3) the potential fracturing of the mensa and the influence of these structures on fluid flow and subsequent digenesis. The observations of hematite-bearing materials in this work support the hypothesis that hematite is eroding from a unit in the Candor Mensa interior layered deposits (ILD) and is being concentrated as a lag deposit adjacent to the lower layers of Candor Mensa and at the base in the form of dark aeolian material. Due to the similar geologic context associated with hematite-bearing and ILD materials throughout the Valles Marineris canyon system, the insight gained from studying these materials surrounding Candor Mensa can likely be applicable to similar layered deposits throughout Valles Marineris.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2014.04.038","usgsCitation":"Fergason, R.L., Gaddis, L.R., and Rogers, A.D., 2014, Hematite-bearing materials surrounding Candor Mensa in Candor Chasma, Mars: Implications for hematite origin and post-emplacement modification: Icarus, v. 237, p. 350-365, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2014.04.038.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"350","endPage":"365","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041676","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Candor Chasma, Mars, Valles Marineris canyon system","volume":"237","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56deb457e4b015c306fb8a29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fergason, Robin L. 0000-0002-2044-1714 rfergason@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2044-1714","contributorId":2753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fergason","given":"Robin","email":"rfergason@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gaddis, Lisa R. 0000-0001-9953-5483 lgaddis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-5483","contributorId":2817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaddis","given":"Lisa","email":"lgaddis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rogers, A. D.","contributorId":167366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70104158,"text":"sir20145081 - 2014 - Analysis of potential water-supply management options, 2010-60, and documentation of revisions to the model of the Irwin Basin Aquifer System, Fort Irwin National Training Center, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-15T08:15:52","indexId":"sir20145081","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-14T16:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5081","title":"Analysis of potential water-supply management options, 2010-60, and documentation of revisions to the model of the Irwin Basin Aquifer System, Fort Irwin National Training Center, California","docAbstract":"<p>The Fort Irwin National Training Center is considering several alternatives to manage their limited water-supply sources in the Irwin Basin. An existing three-dimensional, finite-difference groundwater-flow model—the U.S. Geological Survey’s MODFLOW—of the aquifer system in the basin was updated and the initial input dataset was supplemented with groundwater withdrawal data for the period 2000–10. The updated model was then used to simulate four combinations, or scenarios, of groundwater withdrawal and recharge over the next 50 years (January 2011 through December 2060). The scenarios included combinations of continuing withdrawals from currently active production wells, supplementing any increases in demand with withdrawals from an inactive production well, reducing withdrawal amounts and rates, and reducing the discharge of treated wastewater to infiltration ponds that provide a recharge source to the underlying aquifer. Results of the simulations indicated that, depending on the scenario implemented, groundwater levels would rise (over the next 50 years) from 40 feet to as much as 65 feet in the northwestern part of the Irwin Basin, and from 5 feet to 10 feet in the southeastern part.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145081","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Fort Irwin National Training Center","usgsCitation":"Voronin, L.M., Densmore, J., and Martin, P., 2014, Analysis of potential water-supply management options, 2010-60, and documentation of revisions to the model of the Irwin Basin Aquifer System, Fort Irwin National Training Center, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5081, viii, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145081.","productDescription":"viii, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-038725","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":290011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145081.jpg"},{"id":290081,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5081/pdf/sir2014-5081.pdf"},{"id":290080,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5081/"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 11","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"For Irwin National Training Center","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.75,34.75 ], [ -117.75,35.75 ], [ -116.00,35.75 ], [ -116.00,34.75 ], [ -117.75,34.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c4edd2e4b0b58d96eeb53c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voronin, Lois M. 0000-0002-1064-1675 lvoronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1064-1675","contributorId":1475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voronin","given":"Lois","email":"lvoronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Densmore, Jill N. 0000-0002-5345-6613","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-6613","contributorId":89179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Jill N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70112475,"text":"sir20145115 - 2014 - Streamflow statistics for unregulated and regulated conditions for selected locations on the Upper Yellowstone and Bighorn Rivers, Montana and Wyoming, 1928-2002","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-11T11:18:51","indexId":"sir20145115","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T11:11:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5115","title":"Streamflow statistics for unregulated and regulated conditions for selected locations on the Upper Yellowstone and Bighorn Rivers, Montana and Wyoming, 1928-2002","docAbstract":"<p>Major floods in 1996 and 1997 intensified public debate about the effects of human activities on the Yellowstone River. In 1999, the Yellowstone River Conservation District Council was formed to address conservation issues on the river. The Yellowstone River Conservation District Council partnered with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to carry out a cumulative effects study on the main stem of the Yellowstone River. The cumulative effects study is intended to provide a basis for future management decisions within the watershed. Streamflow statistics, such as flow-frequency data calculated for unregulated and regulated streamflow conditions, are a necessary component of the cumulative effects study.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Yellowstone River Conservation District Council and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, calculated low-flow frequency data and general monthly and annual statistics for unregulated and regulated streamflow conditions for the Upper Yellowstone and Bighorn Rivers for the 1928–2002 study period; these data are presented in this report. Unregulated streamflow represents flow conditions during the 1928–2002 study period if there had been no water-resources development in the Yellowstone River Basin. Regulated streamflow represents estimates of flow conditions during the 1928–2002 study period if the level of water-resources development existing in 2002 was in place during the entire study period.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145115","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Yellowstone River Conservation District Council and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Chase, K.J., 2014, Streamflow statistics for unregulated and regulated conditions for selected locations on the Upper Yellowstone and Bighorn Rivers, Montana and Wyoming, 1928-2002: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5115, Report: xiii, 117 p.; Appendixes 2-1 and 2-2, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145115.","productDescription":"Report: xiii, 117 p.; Appendixes 2-1 and 2-2","numberOfPages":"136","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1928-01-01","temporalEnd":"2002-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-052172","costCenters":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289790,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145115.jpg"},{"id":289787,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5115/pdf/sir2014-5115.pdf"},{"id":289786,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5115/"},{"id":289788,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5115/downloads/sir2014-5155_APP_2.1_loc_and_da.xlsx"},{"id":289789,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5115/downloads/sir2014-5155_APP_2.2_lowflowfreq.xlsx"}],"projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Montana;Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Bighorn River;Upper Yellowstone River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.0,42.0 ], [ -112.0,49.0 ], [ -103.0,49.0 ], [ -103.0,42.0 ], [ -112.0,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0ed2be4b065ccca5fe552","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chase, Katherine J. 0000-0002-5796-4148 kchase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5796-4148","contributorId":454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Katherine","email":"kchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70116361,"text":"70116361 - 2014 - The persistent problem of lead poisoning in birds from ammunition and fishing tackle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-11T16:41:23","indexId":"70116361","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T10:26:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The persistent problem of lead poisoning in birds from ammunition and fishing tackle","docAbstract":"Lead (Pb) is a metabolic poison that can negatively influence biological processes, leading to illness and mortality across a large spectrum of North American avifauna (>120 species) and other organisms. Pb poisoning can result from numerous sources, including ingestion of bullet fragments and shot pellets left in animal carcasses, spent ammunition left in the field, lost fishing tackle, Pb-based paints, large-scale mining, and Pb smelting activities. Although Pb shot has been banned for waterfowl hunting in the United States (since 1991) and Canada (since 1999), Pb exposure remains a problem for many avian species. Despite a large body of scientific literature on exposure to Pb and its toxicological effects on birds, controversy still exists regarding its impacts at a population level. We explore these issues and highlight areas in need of investigation: (1) variation in sensitivity to Pb exposure among bird species; (2) spatial extent and sources of Pb contamination in habitats in relation to bird exposure in those same locations; and (3) interactions between avian Pb exposure and other landscape-level stressors that synergistically affect bird demography. We explore multiple paths taken to reduce Pb exposure in birds that (1) recognize common ground among a range of affected interests; (2) have been applied at local to national scales; and (3) engage governmental agencies, interest groups, and professional societies to communicate the impacts of Pb ammunition and fishing tackle, and to describe approaches for reducing their availability to birds. As they have in previous times, users of fish and wildlife will play a key role in resolving the Pb poisoning issue.","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-14-36.1","usgsCitation":"Haig, S.M., D'Elia, J., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Fair, J., Gervais, J., Herring, G., Rivers, J.W., and Schulz, J.H., 2014, The persistent problem of lead poisoning in birds from ammunition and fishing tackle: The Condor, v. 116, no. 3, p. 408-428, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-14-36.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"408","endPage":"428","ipdsId":"IP-054035","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-14-36.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":289784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0ed3ee4b065ccca5fe599","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D'Elia, Jesse","contributorId":63152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D'Elia","given":"Jesse","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fair, Jeanne M.","contributorId":60545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fair","given":"Jeanne M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gervais, Jennifer","contributorId":55346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gervais","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rivers, James W.","contributorId":23072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rivers","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7005,"text":"Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":495786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schulz, John H.","contributorId":44082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70111860,"text":"ofr20141116 - 2014 - Baseline groundwater quality from 34 wells in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, 2011 and 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T12:16:29","indexId":"ofr20141116","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T09:16:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1116","title":"Baseline groundwater quality from 34 wells in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, 2011 and 2013","docAbstract":"<p>Wayne County, Pennsylvania, is underlain by the Marcellus Shale, which currently (2014) is being developed elsewhere in Pennsylvania for natural gas. All residents of largely rural Wayne County rely on groundwater for water supply, primarily from bedrock aquifers (shales and sandstones). This study, conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey (Pennsylvania Geological Survey), provides a groundwater-quality baseline for Wayne County prior to development of the natural gas resource in the Marcellus Shale. Selected wells completed in the Devonian-age Catskill Formation, undifferentiated; the Poplar Gap and Packerton Members of the Catskill Formation, undivided; and the Long Run and Walcksville Members of the Catskill Formation, undivided, were sampled.</p>\n<p>Water samples were collected once from 34 domestic wells during August 2011 and August and September 2013 and analyzed to characterize their physical and chemical quality. Samples were analyzed for 45 constituents and properties, including nutrients, major ions, metals and trace elements, radioactivity, and dissolved gases, including methane and radon-222. The quality of the sampled groundwater was generally within U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) drinking-water standards, although in some samples, the concentrations of a few constituents exceeded USEPA drinking-water standards and health advisories.</p>\n<p>The pH of water samples ranged from 5.5 to 9.3 with a median of 7.0. The pH was outside the USEPA secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) range of 6.5 to 8.5 in water samples from 14 of the 34 wells (41 percent). Eleven samples had a pH less than 6.5, and three samples had a pH greater than 8.5. Dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 11.5 milligrams per liter (mg/L) with a median of 4.7 mg/L. The dissolved oxygen concentration was less than 1 mg/L in water samples from 6 wells; 5 of these 6 water samples had a pH greater than 7.7.</p>\n<p>Concentrations of dissolved methane ranged from less than 0.00006 to 3.3 mg/L. Methane was detectable in 22 of the 34 wells sampled (65 percent). Methane concentrations were greatest in the 5 samples with pH of 7.8 or higher, ranging from 0.040 to 3.3 mg/L. These samples also had among the lowest concentrations of dissolved oxygen. Three water samples, which had sufficient dissolved methane concentrations (greater than 0.9 mg/L), were analyzed for isotopes of carbon and hydrogen in the methane. The isotopic ratio values fell within (two samples) or close to (one sample) the range for a thermogenic natural gas source.</p>\n<p>The total dissolved solids concentration ranged from 33 to 346 mg/L; the median concentration was 126 mg/L. Sodium concentrations ranged from 1.07 to 116 mg/L; the median concentration was 9.42 mg/L. The sodium concentration exceeded the USEPA health advisory for sodium of 20 mg/L in water samples from 7 of the 34 wells (21 percent).</p>\n<p>Concentrations of dissolved arsenic ranged from less than 0.06 to 21.8 micrograms per liter (&micro;g/L); the median concentration was 0.59 &micro;g/L. Water samples from 2 of the 34 wells (6 percent) exceeded the USEPA maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 &micro;g/L for arsenic. Concentrations of dissolved manganese ranged from less than 0.15 to 61.5 &micro;g/L; the median concentration was 0.42 &micro;g/L. A water sample from 1 of the 34 wells (3 percent) exceeded the USEPA SMCL of 50 &micro;g/L for manganese; the concentration was less than the USEPA lifetime health advisory of 300 &micro;g/L for manganese.</p>\n<p>Activities of radon-222 in water from the 34 sampled wells ranged from 110 to 7,180 picocuries per liter (pCi/L); the median activity was 2,105 pCi/L. Water samples from 33 of the 34 wells (97 percent) exceeded the proposed USEPA MCL of 300 pCi/L, and 4 water samples (12 percent) exceeded the USEPA proposed alternative MCL of 4,000 pCi/L for radon-222.</p>\n<p><span>Differences in groundwater chemistry were related to pH. Water with a pH greater than 7.6 generally had low dissolved oxygen concentrations, indicating reducing conditions in the aquifer. These high pH waters also had relatively elevated concentrations of methane, arsenic, boron, bromide, fluoride, lithium, and sodium but low concentrations of copper, nickel, and zinc. Water samples with a pH greater than 7.8 had methane concentrations equal to or greater than 0.04 mg/L.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141116","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey","usgsCitation":"Sloto, R.A., 2014, Baseline groundwater quality from 34 wells in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, 2011 and 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1116, vii, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141116.","productDescription":"vii, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056249","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141116.jpg"},{"id":289774,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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,{"id":70059573,"text":"sir20135145 - 2014 - Calibration of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for parts of the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-11T09:16:11","indexId":"sir20135145","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-11T08:57:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-5145","title":"Calibration of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for parts of the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Allegheny County Sanitary Authority, developed a validated two-dimensional Resource Management Associates2 (RMA2) hydrodynamic model of parts of the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers (Three Rivers) to help assess the effects of combined sewer overflows (CSOs) and sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs) on the rivers. The hydrodynamic model was used to drive a water-quality model of the study area that was capable of simulating the transport and fate of fecal-indicator bacteria and chemical constituents under open-water conditions.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The study area includes 14 tributary streams and parts of the Three Rivers where they enter and exit Allegheny County, an area of approximately 730 square miles (mi<sup>2</sup>). The city of Pittsburgh is near the center of the county, where the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers join to form the headwaters of the Ohio River. The Three Rivers are regulated by a series of fixed-crest dams, gated dams, and radial (tainter) gates and serve as the receiving waters for tributary streams, CSOs, and SSOs.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The RMA2 model was separated into four individual segments on the basis of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers navigational pools in the study area (Dashields; Emsworth; Allegheny River, Pool 2; and Braddock), which were calibrated individually using measured water-surface slope, velocity, and discharge during high- and low-flow conditions. The model calibration process included the comparison of water-surface elevations at five locations and velocity profiles at more than 80 cross sections in the study area. On the basis of the calibration and validation results that included water-surface elevations and velocities, the model is a representative simulation of the Three Rivers flow patterns for discharges ranging from 4,050 to 47,400 cubic feet per second (ft<sup>3</sup>/s) on the Allegheny River, 2,550 to 40,000 ft<sup>3</sup>/s on the Monongahela River, and 10,900 to 99,000 ft<sup>3</sup>/s on the Ohio River. The Monongahela River was characterized by unsteady conditions during low and high flows, which affected the calibration range.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The simulated low-flow water-surface elevations typically were within 0.2 feet (ft) of measured values, whereas the simulated high-flow water-surface elevations were typically within 0.3 ft of the measured values. The mean error between simulated and measured velocities was less than 0.07 ft/s for low-flow conditions and less than 0.17 ft/s for high-flow conditions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20135145","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Allegheny County Sanitary Authority","usgsCitation":"Fulton, J.W., and Wagner, C., 2014, Calibration of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for parts of the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013-5145, vii, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20135145.","productDescription":"vii, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-040252","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289771,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5145/"},{"id":289772,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2013/5145/support/sir2013-5145.pdf"},{"id":289773,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20135145.jpg"}],"projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Allegheny County","otherGeospatial":"Allegheny River;Monongahela River;Ohio River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -80.360873,40.194343 ], [ -80.360873,40.67453 ], [ -79.690667,40.67453 ], [ -79.690667,40.194343 ], [ -80.360873,40.194343 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53c0eb4be4b065ccca5fe274","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fulton, John W. 0000-0002-5335-0720 jwfulton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-0720","contributorId":2298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"John","email":"jwfulton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, Chad R. 0000-0002-9602-7413 cwagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9602-7413","contributorId":1530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Chad R.","email":"cwagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70111868,"text":"sir20145110 - 2014 - Delineation of marsh types of the Texas coast from Corpus Christi Bay to the Sabine River in 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-10T14:29:34","indexId":"sir20145110","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-10T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5110","title":"Delineation of marsh types of the Texas coast from Corpus Christi Bay to the Sabine River in 2010","docAbstract":"<p>Coastal zone managers and researchers often require detailed information regarding emergent marsh vegetation types for modeling habitat capacities and needs of marsh-reliant wildlife (such as waterfowl and alligator). Detailed information on the extent and distribution of marsh vegetation zones throughout the Texas coast has been historically unavailable. In response, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation and collaboration with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service via the Gulf Coast Joint Venture, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, the University of Louisiana-Lafayette, and Ducks Unlimited, Inc., has produced a classification of marsh vegetation types along the middle and upper Texas coast from Corpus Christi Bay to the Sabine River. This study incorporates approximately 1,000 ground reference locations collected via helicopter surveys in coastal marsh areas and about 2,000 supplemental locations from fresh marsh, water, and “other” (that is, nonmarsh) areas. About two-thirds of these data were used for training, and about one-third were used for assessing accuracy. Decision-tree analyses using Rulequest See5 were used to classify emergent marsh vegetation types by using these data, multitemporal satellite-based multispectral imagery from 2009 to 2011, a bare-earth digital elevation model (DEM) based on airborne light detection and ranging (lidar), alternative contemporary land cover classifications, and other spatially explicit variables believed to be important for delineating the extent and distribution of marsh vegetation communities. Image objects were generated from segmentation of high-resolution airborne imagery acquired in 2010 and were used to refine the classification. The classification is dated 2010 because the year is both the midpoint of the multitemporal satellite-based imagery (2009–11) classified and the date of the high-resolution airborne imagery that was used to develop image objects. Overall accuracy corrected for bias (accuracy estimate incorporates true marginal proportions) was 91 percent (95 percent confidence interval [CI]: 89.2–92.8), with a kappa statistic of 0.79 (95 percent CI: 0.77–0.81). The classification performed best for saline marsh (user’s accuracy 81.5 percent; producer’s accuracy corrected for bias 62.9 percent) but showed a lesser ability to discriminate intermediate marsh (user’s accuracy 47.7 percent; producer’s accuracy corrected for bias 49.5 percent). Because of confusion in intermediate and brackish marsh classes, an alternative classification containing only three marsh types was created in which intermediate and brackish marshes were combined into a single class. Image objects were reattributed by using this alternative three-marsh-type classification. Overall accuracy, corrected for bias, of this more general classification was 92.4 percent (95 percent CI: 90.7–94.2), and the kappa statistic was 0.83 (95 percent CI: 0.81–0.85). Mean user’s accuracy for marshes within the four-marsh-type and three-marsh-type classifications was 65.4 percent and 75.6 percent, respectively, whereas mean producer’s accuracy was 56.7 percent and 65.1 percent, respectively.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>This study provides a more objective and repeatable method for classifying marsh types of the middle and upper Texas coast at an extent and greater level of detail than previously available for the study area. The seamless classification produced through this work is now available to help State agencies (such as the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department) and landscape-scale conservation partnerships (such as the Gulf Coast Prairie Landscape Conservation Cooperative and the Gulf Coast Joint Venture) to develop and (or) refine conservation plans targeting priority natural resources. Moreover, these data may improve projections of landscape change and serve as a baseline for monitoring future changes resulting from chronic and episodic stressors.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145110","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation and collaboration with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service via Gulf Coast Joint Venture, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, University of Louisiana-Lafayette, and Ducks Unlimited, Inc.","usgsCitation":"Enwright, N.M., Hartley, S.B., Brasher, M., Visser, J.M., Mitchell, M.K., Ballard, B.M., Parr, M.W., Couvillion, B., and Wilson, B.C., 2014, Delineation of marsh types of the Texas coast from Corpus Christi Bay to the Sabine River in 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5110, Report: v, 18 p.; Map: 60.00 x 48.00 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145110.","productDescription":"Report: v, 18 p.; Map: 60.00 x 48.00 inches; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2010-01-01","temporalEnd":"2010-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-054024","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145110.jpg"},{"id":289730,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5110/"},{"id":289744,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5110/pdf/sir2014-5110.pdf"},{"id":289745,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5110/pdf/sir2014-5110_plate.pdf"},{"id":289746,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5110/downloads/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.00,27.75 ], [ -98.00,30.50 ], [ -93.75,30.50 ], [ -93.75,27.75 ], [ -98.00,27.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bfa7cfe4b06d97a6487cec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Enwright, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-7887-3261 enwrightn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7887-3261","contributorId":4880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enwright","given":"Nicholas","email":"enwrightn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartley, Stephen B. 0000-0003-1380-2769 hartleys@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1380-2769","contributorId":4164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartley","given":"Stephen","email":"hartleys@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brasher, Michael G.","contributorId":17139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brasher","given":"Michael G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Visser, Jenneke M.","contributorId":90397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Visser","given":"Jenneke","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mitchell, Michael K.","contributorId":24688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ballard, Bart M.","contributorId":62932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballard","given":"Bart","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Parr, Mark W.","contributorId":79023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parr","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Couvillion, Brady R. 0000-0001-5323-1687","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5323-1687","contributorId":98834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Couvillion","given":"Brady R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wilson, Barry C.","contributorId":12968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Barry","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70116235,"text":"ofr20141144 - 2014 - Behavior and dam passage of juvenile Chinook salmon and juvenile steelhead at Detroit Reservoir and Dam, Oregon, March 2012-February 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-10T11:05:14","indexId":"ofr20141144","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-09T16:32:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1144","title":"Behavior and dam passage of juvenile Chinook salmon and juvenile steelhead at Detroit Reservoir and Dam, Oregon, March 2012-February 2013","docAbstract":"<p>The in-reservoir movements and dam passage of individual juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) and juvenile steelhead (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) were studied at Detroit Reservoir and Dam, near Detroit, Oregon, during 2012 and 2013. The goal of the study was to provide data to inform decisions about future downstream passage alternatives and factors affecting downstream passage rates with the existing dam configuration. In 2012, 468 juvenile Chinook salmon and 200 juvenile steelhead were tagged and released during a 3-month period in the spring, and another 514 juvenile Chinook salmon were tagged and released during a 3-month period in the fall. The fish were surgically implanted with a small acoustic transmitter with an expected life of about 3 months and a passive integrated transponder tag with an indefinite life, and were released into the two main tributaries several kilometers upstream of the reservoir. Juvenile Chinook salmon migrated from the release sites to the reservoir in a greater proportion than juvenile steelhead, but once in the reservoir, juvenile steelhead migrated to the forebay faster and had a higher dam passage rate than juvenile Chinook salmon. The routes available for passing water and fish varied throughout the year, with low reservoir elevations in winter and high reservoir elevations in summer in accordance with the flood-control purpose of the dam. Most dam passage was through the spillway during the spring and summer, when the reservoir elevation was high and the spillway and powerhouse were the most common routes in operation, and via the powerhouse during the fall and winter period, when the reservoir elevation was low and the regulating outlet and powerhouse were the most common routes in operation. Few tagged fish passed when the powerhouse was the only route in operation. Dam passage rates during the spring and summer were greatest at night, increased with dam discharge, and were greater when water was passed freely over the spillway compared to when it was controlled by the spillway Tainter gates. Dam passage rates during the fall and winter, when the reservoir elevation usually was too low for spillway operation, were lower than during the spring and summer, negatively related to reservoir elevation, and positively related to dam discharge, though the latter relation diminished as reservoir elevation decreased. Fish locations near the dam from estimates of three-dimensional positions often were near the locations of dam discharge and fish depths were surface oriented relative to the depth of the forebay. Fish passage rates with the existing dam configuration were greatest when the spillway was in operation and were lowest when the powerhouse was the only route in operation; the latter result may be related to the relatively low magnitude or variability in discharge during that condition. The available data suggest that a properly designed surface outlet could be a viable passage route for juvenile Chinook salmon and juvenile steelhead at Detroit Dam. A second year of data collection based on a similar study design was complete at the time of this report.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141144","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J.W., Hansel, H.C., Hansen, A.C., Evans, S.D., Haner, P.V., Hatton, T., Kofoot, E.E., Sprando, J.M., and Smith, C., 2014, Behavior and dam passage of juvenile Chinook salmon and juvenile steelhead at Detroit Reservoir and Dam, Oregon, March 2012-February 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1144, vi, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141144.","productDescription":"vi, 62 p.","numberOfPages":"72","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2012-03-01","temporalEnd":"2013-02-28","ipdsId":"IP-049970","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289696,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141144.jpg"},{"id":289695,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1144/pdf/ofr2014-1144.pdf"},{"id":289694,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1144/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Detroit Reservoir;Willamette River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.678,45.6728 ], [ -123.678,43.6155 ], [ -122.2667,43.6155 ], [ -122.2667,45.6728 ], [ -123.678,45.6728 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53be5650e4b0527d5d409792","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansel, Hal C. 0000-0002-3537-8244 hhansel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3537-8244","contributorId":2887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansel","given":"Hal","email":"hhansel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hansen, Amy C. 0000-0002-0298-9137 achansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-9137","contributorId":4350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Amy","email":"achansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Evans, Scott D. 0000-0003-0452-7726 sdevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7726","contributorId":4408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Scott","email":"sdevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haner, Philip V. 0000-0001-6940-487X phaner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6940-487X","contributorId":2364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haner","given":"Philip","email":"phaner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hatton, Tyson W. 0000-0002-2874-0719","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2874-0719","contributorId":9112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatton","given":"Tyson W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kofoot, Eric E. pkofoot@usgs.gov","contributorId":4673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kofoot","given":"Eric","email":"pkofoot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sprando, Jamie M. jsprando@usgs.gov","contributorId":4005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprando","given":"Jamie","email":"jsprando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Smith, Collin D. 0000-0003-4184-5686 cdsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4184-5686","contributorId":7915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Collin D.","email":"cdsmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70116231,"text":"70116231 - 2014 - Spatial and temporal  patterns in concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in bald eagle nestlings in the Upper Midwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T15:28:00","indexId":"70116231","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-09T14:07:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal  patterns in concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in bald eagle nestlings in the Upper Midwestern United States","docAbstract":"<p>Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) are of concern due to their widespread use, persistence in the environment, tendency to accumulate in animal tissues, and growing evidence of toxicity. Between 2006 and 2011 we collected blood plasma from 261 bald eagle nestlings in six study areas from the upper Midwestern United States. Samples were assessed for levels of 16 different PFCs. We used regression analysis in a Bayesian framework to evaluate spatial and temporal trends for these analytes. We found levels as high as 7370 ng/mL for the sum of all 16 PFCs (&sum;PFCs). Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorodecanesulfonate (PFDS) were the most abundant analytes, making up 67% and 23% of the PFC burden, respectively. Levels of &sum;PFC, PFOS, and PFDS were highest in more urban and industrial areas, moderate on Lake Superior, and low on the remote upper St. Croix River watershed. We found evidence of declines in &sum;PFCs and seven analytes, including PFOS, PFDS, and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA); no trend in two analytes; and increases in two analytes. We argue that PFDS, a long-chained PFC with potential for high bioaccumulation and toxicity, should be considered for future animal and human studies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es501055d","usgsCitation":"Route, W.T., Russell, R.E., Lindstrom, A.B., Strynor, M.J., and Key, R.L., 2014, Spatial and temporal  patterns in concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in bald eagle nestlings in the Upper Midwestern United States: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 48, no. 12, p. 6653-6660, https://doi.org/10.1021/es501055d.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"6653","endPage":"6660","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2015-08-06","temporalEnd":"2015-08-11","ipdsId":"IP-053510","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472881,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53be5654e4b0527d5d40979a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Route, William T.","contributorId":77846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Route","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Russell, Robin E. 0000-0001-8726-7303 rerussell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8726-7303","contributorId":3998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Russell","given":"Robin","email":"rerussell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindstrom, Andrew B.","contributorId":23069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindstrom","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Strynor, Mark J.","contributorId":104815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strynor","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Key, Rebecca L.","contributorId":100288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Key","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70115942,"text":"70115942 - 2014 - High spatial resolution WorldView-2 imagery for mapping NDVI and its relationship to temporal urban landscape evapotranspiration factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-08T15:12:01","indexId":"70115942","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-08T15:06:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High spatial resolution WorldView-2 imagery for mapping NDVI and its relationship to temporal urban landscape evapotranspiration factors","docAbstract":"Evapotranspiration estimation has benefitted from recent advances in remote sensing and GIS techniques particularly in agricultural applications rather than urban environments. This paper explores the relationship between urban vegetation evapotranspiration (ET) and vegetation indices derived from newly-developed high spatial resolution WorldView-2 imagery. The study site was Veale Gardens in Adelaide, Australia. Image processing was applied on five images captured from February 2012 to February 2013 using ERDAS Imagine. From 64 possible two band combinations of WorldView-2, the most reliable one (with the maximum median differences) was selected. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values were derived for each category of landscape cover, namely trees, shrubs, turf grasses, impervious pavements, and water bodies. Urban landscape evapotranspiration rates for Veale Gardens were estimated through field monitoring using observational-based landscape coefficients. The relationships between remotely sensed NDVIs for the entire Veale Gardens and for individual NDVIs of different vegetation covers were compared with field measured urban landscape evapotranspiration rates. The water stress conditions experienced in January 2013 decreased the correlation between ET and NDVI with the highest relationship of ET-Landscape NDVI (Landscape Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) for shrubs (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.66) and trees (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.63). However, when the January data was excluded, there was a significant correlation between ET and NDVI. The highest correlation for ET-Landscape NDVI was found for the entire Veale Gardens regardless of vegetation type (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.95, p > 0.05) and the lowest one was for turf (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.88, p > 0.05). In support of the feasibility of ET estimation by WV2 over a longer period, an algorithm recently developed that estimates evapotranspiration rates based on the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from MODIS was employed. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between ETMODIS and ETWV2 (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.9857, p > 0.05). This indicates that the relationship between NDVI using high resolution WorldView-2 imagery and ground-based validation approaches could provide an effective predictive tool for determining ET rates from unstressed mixed urban landscape plantings.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"MDPI AG","publisherLocation":"Basel, Switzerland","doi":"10.3390/rs6010580","usgsCitation":"Nouri, H., Beecham, S., Anderson, S., and Nagler, P., 2014, High spatial resolution WorldView-2 imagery for mapping NDVI and its relationship to temporal urban landscape evapotranspiration factors: Remote Sensing, v. 6, no. 1, p. 580-602, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6010580.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"580","endPage":"602","numberOfPages":"23","ipdsId":"IP-049133","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472885,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6010580","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":289558,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289556,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs6010580"}],"country":"Australia","city":"Adelaide","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 138.593373,-34.942277 ], [ 138.593373,-34.935021 ], [ 138.602208,-34.935021 ], [ 138.602208,-34.942277 ], [ 138.593373,-34.942277 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bd04d9e4b00cbf31f7232b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nouri, Hamideh 0000-0002-7424-5030","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7424-5030","contributorId":16327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nouri","given":"Hamideh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beecham, Simon","contributorId":95397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beecham","given":"Simon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Sharolyn","contributorId":22697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Sharolyn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela 0000-0003-0674-103X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":8748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70093761,"text":"ds827 - 2014 - Vegetation database for land-cover mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-08T14:57:53","indexId":"ds827","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-08T14:52:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"827","title":"Vegetation database for land-cover mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>Floristic and other vegetation data were collected at 3,175 sample sites to support land-cover mapping projects in Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada, from 2007 to 2013. Data were collected at sample sites that were selected to fulfill mapping priorities by one of two different plot sampling approaches. Samples were described at the stand level and classified into the National Vegetation Classification hierarchy at the alliance level and above. The vegetation database is presented in geospatial and tabular formats.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds827","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Charlet, D.A., Damar, N.A., and Leary, P.J., 2014, Vegetation database for land-cover mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 827, vi, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds827.","productDescription":"vi, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045394","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289554,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds827.jpg"},{"id":289553,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/827/pdf/ds827.pdf"},{"id":289550,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/827/"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Clark County;Lincoln County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.0,35.0 ], [ -116.0,37.25 ], [ -114.0,37.25 ], [ -114.0,35.0 ], [ -116.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bd04dbe4b00cbf31f72337","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Charlet, David A.","contributorId":14732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charlet","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Damar, Nancy A. 0000-0002-7520-7386 nadamar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7520-7386","contributorId":4154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damar","given":"Nancy","email":"nadamar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leary, Patrick J.","contributorId":9575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leary","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70110903,"text":"sir20145076 - 2014 - Land-cover mapping of Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area and Coyote Springs, Piute-Eldorado Valley, and Mormon Mesa Areas of Critical Environmental Concern, Clark County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-08T14:47:11","indexId":"sir20145076","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-08T14:36:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5076","title":"Land-cover mapping of Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area and Coyote Springs, Piute-Eldorado Valley, and Mormon Mesa Areas of Critical Environmental Concern, Clark County, Nevada","docAbstract":"DigitalGlobe’s QuickBird satellite high-resolution multispectral imagery was classified by using Visual Learning Systems’ Feature Analyst feature extraction software to produce land-cover data sets for the Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area and the Coyote Springs, Piute-Eldorado Valley, and Mormon Mesa Areas of Critical Environmental Concern in Clark County, Nevada. Over 1,000 vegetation field samples were collected at the stand level. The field samples were classified to the National Vegetation Classification Standard, Version 2 hierarchy at the alliance level and above. Feature extraction models were developed for vegetation on the basis of the spectral and spatial characteristics of selected field samples by using the Feature Analyst hierarchical learning process. Individual model results were merged to create one data set for the Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area and one for each of the Areas of Critical Environmental Concern. Field sample points and photographs were used to validate and update the data set after model results were merged. Non-vegetation data layers, such as roads and disturbed areas, were delineated from the imagery and added to the final data sets. The resulting land-cover data sets are significantly more detailed than previously were available, both in resolution and in vegetation classes.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145076","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.L., Damar, N.A., Charlet, D.A., and Westenburg, C.L., 2014, Land-cover mapping of Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area and Coyote Springs, Piute-Eldorado Valley, and Mormon Mesa Areas of Critical Environmental Concern, Clark County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5076, viii, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145076.","productDescription":"viii, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045395","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289552,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145076.jpg"},{"id":289551,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5076/pdf/sir2014-5076.pdf"},{"id":289549,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5076/"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator Projection, Zone 11","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Clark County","otherGeospatial":"Coyote Springs Area Of Critical Environmental Concern;Mormon Mesa Area Of Critical Environmental Concern;Piute-eldorado Valley Area Of Critical Environmental Concern;Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.8969,35.0019 ], [ -115.8969,36.8537 ], [ -114.0428,36.8537 ], [ -114.0428,35.0019 ], [ -115.8969,35.0019 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bd04dae4b00cbf31f72331","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, J. LaRue jlsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.","email":"jlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LaRue","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":494191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Damar, Nancy A. 0000-0002-7520-7386 nadamar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7520-7386","contributorId":4154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damar","given":"Nancy","email":"nadamar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Charlet, David A.","contributorId":14732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Charlet","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Westenburg, Craig L.","contributorId":63831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westenburg","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70103557,"text":"sir20145084 - 2014 - Maximum known stages and discharges of New York streams and their annual exceedance probabilities through September 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-11T10:57:02","indexId":"sir20145084","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-08T13:40:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5084","title":"Maximum known stages and discharges of New York streams and their annual exceedance probabilities through September 2011","docAbstract":"<p>Maximum known stages and discharges at 1,400 sites on 796 streams within New York are tabulated. Stage data are reported in feet. Discharges are reported as cubic feet per second and in cubic feet per second per square mile. Drainage areas range from 0.03 to 298,800 square miles; excluding the three sites with larger drainage areas on the St. Lawrence and Niagara Rivers, which drain the Great Lakes, the maximum drainage area is 8,288 square miles (Hudson River at Albany). Most data were obtained from U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) compilations and records, but some were provided by State, local, and other Federal agencies and by private organizations.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The stage and discharge information is grouped by major drainage basins and U.S. Geological Survey site number, in downstream order. Site locations and their associated drainage area, period(s) of record, stage and discharge data, and flood-frequency statistics are compiled in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Flood frequencies were derived for 1,238 sites by using methods described in Bulletin 17B (Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data, 1982), Ries and Crouse (2002), and Lumia and others (2006).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Curves that “envelope” maximum discharges within their range of drainage areas were developed for each of six flood-frequency hydrologic regions and for sites on Long Island, as well as for the State of New York; the New York curve was compared with a curve derived from a plot of maximum known discharges throughout the United States. Discharges represented by the national curve range from at least 2.7 to 4.9 times greater than those represented by the New York curve for drainage areas of 1.0 and 1,000 square miles. The relative magnitudes of discharge and runoff in the six hydrologic regions of New York and Long Island suggest the largest known discharges per square mile are in the southern part of western New York and the Catskill Mountain area, and the smallest are on Long Island.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145084","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Wall, G.R., Murray, P.M., Lumia, R., and Suro, T.P., 2014, Maximum known stages and discharges of New York streams and their annual exceedance probabilities through September 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5084, Report: vi, 16 p.; Table 1, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145084.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 16 p.; Table 1","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-046176","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York 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York\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bd04dae4b00cbf31f72333","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wall, Gary R. grwall@usgs.gov","contributorId":915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wall","given":"Gary","email":"grwall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murray, Patricia M. pmurray@usgs.gov","contributorId":4863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"Patricia","email":"pmurray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":493384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lumia, Richard rlumia@usgs.gov","contributorId":4579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lumia","given":"Richard","email":"rlumia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":493383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Suro, Thomas P. 0000-0002-9476-6829 tsuro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6829","contributorId":2841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suro","given":"Thomas","email":"tsuro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70111075,"text":"pp1798I - 2014 - Geomorphic change on the Missouri River during the flood of 2011","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70111075,"text":"pp1798I - 2014 - Geomorphic change on the Missouri River during the flood of 2011","indexId":"pp1798I","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"chapter":"I","title":"Geomorphic change on the Missouri River during the flood of 2011"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 2013 - 2011 floods of the central United States","indexId":"pp1798","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"2011 floods of the central United States"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":70047427,"text":"pp1798 - 2013 - 2011 floods of the central United States","indexId":"pp1798","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"title":"2011 floods of the central United States"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-18T13:26:27.451742","indexId":"pp1798I","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-08T13:07:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1798","chapter":"I","title":"Geomorphic change on the Missouri River during the flood of 2011","docAbstract":"The 2011 flood on the Missouri River was one of the largest floods since the river became regulated by a series of high dams in the mid-20th century (greater than 150,000 cubic feet per second during the peak). The flood persisted through most of the summer, eroding river banks, adding sand to sandbars, and moving the thalweg of the channel in many places. The U.S. Geological Survey monitored and assessed the changes in two reaches of the Missouri River: the Garrison Reach in North Dakota, bounded by the Garrison Dam and the Lake Oahe Reservoir, and the Recreational Reach along the boundary of South Dakota and Nebraska bounded upstream by the Gavins Point Dam and extending downstream from Ponca, Nebraska. Historical cross-section data from the Garrison Dam closure until immediately before the flood indicate that the upper reaches of the river near the dam experienced rapid erosion, channel incision, and island/sandbar loss following the dam closure. The erosion, incision, and land loss lessened with time. Conversely, the lower reach near the Lake Oahe Reservoir slackwaters became depositional with channel in-filling and sandbar growth through time as the flow slowed upon reaching the reservoir. Preliminary post-flood results in the Garrison Reach indicate that the main channel has deepened at most cross-sections whereas sandbars and islands have grown vertically. Sandbars and the thalweg migrated within the Recreational Reach, however net scouring and aggradation was minimal. Changes in the two-dimensional area of sandbars and islands are still being assessed using high-resolution satellite imagery. A sediment balance can be constructed for the Garrison Reach using cross-sections, bathymetric data, sand traps for wind-blown material, a quasi-three-dimensional numerical model, and dating of sediment cores. Data collection and analysis for a reach-scale sediment balance and a concurrent analysis of the effects of riparian and island vegetation on sediment deposition currently (2014) is ongoing.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"2011 Floods of the Central United States (Professional Paper 1798)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1798I","usgsCitation":"Schenk, E.R., Skalak, K.J., Benthem, A.J., Dietsch, B.J., Woodward, B.K., Wiche, G.J., Galloway, J.M., Nustad, R.A., and Hupp, C.R., 2014, Geomorphic change on the Missouri River during the flood of 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1798, vi, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1798I.","productDescription":"vi, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050746","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289541,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp1798I.jpg"},{"id":289537,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1798i/"},{"id":289540,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1798i/pdf/pp1798i.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.36,42.4 ], [ -104.36,48.0 ], [ -96.0,48.0 ], [ -96.0,42.4 ], [ -104.36,42.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"<p><a href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bd04d9e4b00cbf31f72327","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schenk, Edward R. 0000-0001-6886-5754 eschenk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-5754","contributorId":2183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schenk","given":"Edward","email":"eschenk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skalak, Katherine J.","contributorId":92174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skalak","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benthem, Adam J. 0000-0003-2372-0281 abenthem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2372-0281","contributorId":2740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benthem","given":"Adam","email":"abenthem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dietsch, Benjamin J. 0000-0003-1090-409X bdietsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1090-409X","contributorId":1346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdietsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Woodward, Brenda K.","contributorId":106985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wiche, Gregg J. gjwiche@usgs.gov","contributorId":1675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiche","given":"Gregg","email":"gjwiche@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Galloway, Joel M. 0000-0002-9836-9724 jgallowa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9836-9724","contributorId":1562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Joel","email":"jgallowa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nustad, Rochelle A. 0000-0002-4713-5944 ranustad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4713-5944","contributorId":1811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nustad","given":"Rochelle","email":"ranustad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hupp, Cliff R. 0000-0003-1853-9197 crhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":2344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Cliff","email":"crhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - 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,{"id":70111839,"text":"sim3303 - 2014 - Geology and hydrostratigraphy of Guadalupe River State Park and Honey Creek State Natural Area, Kendall and Comal Counties, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T12:28:52","indexId":"sim3303","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-08T11:40:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3303","title":"Geology and hydrostratigraphy of Guadalupe River State Park and Honey Creek State Natural Area, Kendall and Comal Counties, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Hydrogeologic mapping and descriptions of the lithostratigraphy and hydrostratigraphy of Guadalupe River State Park and Honey Creek State Natural Area, Kendall and Comal Counties, Texas, are presented in this first detailed 1:24,000 geologic map, along with proposed names and descriptions of the hydrostratigraphic units in the study area. Variations in the amount and type of porosity of the lithostratigraphic unit, which vary depending on the depositional environment, lithology, structural history and diagenesis support the resulting hydrostratigraphy proposed herein.</p>\n<p>Rocks exposed in the study area consist of Early Cretaceous sedimentary rocks that are assigned to the Trinity Group. The lithostratigraphy includes the Hammett Shale, Cow Creek Limestone, Hensell Sand Members of the Pearsall Formation, and the lower member of the Glen Rose Limestone. These lithologic units contain shale, grainstone, sandstone, and fossiliferous limestone, alternating and interfingering with mudstone, wackestone, packstone, and grainstone.</p>\n<p>The Trinity aquifer hydrostratigraphic units shown on the map and described herein are characterized by their porosity types. Porosity types were first determined from an analysis of two boreholes conducted in comparison with 143 geophysical logs from northern Bexar County, Texas. The cores and geophysical log comparison resulted in division of the lower member of the Glen Rose Limestone into six hydrostratigraphic units, designated A through F. Of those six units, only three remain in the study area because of erosion. The proposed naming of these three hydrostratigraphic units is based on topographic or historical features that occur in the outcrop area of those units. Hydrostratigraphic units that correlate with the boundaries of the formation have been given formational names excluding the lithologic modifier. The Doeppenschmidt hydrostratigraphic unit is stratigraphically the highest interval in the study area, characterized by interparticle, moldic, burrowed, bedding plane, fracture, and cave porosity. The underlying Rust hydrostratigraphic unit appears to be a confining unit with springs/seeps issuing near the contact with the overlying Doeppenschmidt unit. The Rust unit has interparticle, fracture, and cave porosity with cave porosity primarily associated with faulting. The Honey Creek hydrostratigraphic unit is an aquifer in the subsurface and exhibits extremely, well developed porosity and permeability including&mdash; interparticle, moldic, burrowed, bedding plane, fracture, channel, and cave porosity. This unit is named for Honey Creek Cave, which discharges water into Honey Creek. The Hensell hydrostratigraphic unit contains primarily interparticle porosity, but also exhibits some moldic and cave porosity in its upper parts. The Cow Creek hydrostratigraphic unit contains interparticle, moldic, vug, burrowed, fracture, bedding plane, channel, and cave porosity. The Cow Creek hydrostratigraphic unit is an aquifer in the subsurface and is the primary target for water-well drillers in the area. The Hammett hydrostratigraphic unit is not exposed in the study area but is thought to underlie parts of the Guadalupe River, based on mapping of the overlying units and comparisons with subsurface thicknesses obtained from the geophysical log. The Hammett unit restricts the downward migration of groundwater, resulting in springs that discharge at the base of the Cow Creek unit. These springs also create some base flow to the Guadalupe River during periods of extreme drought.</p>\n<p>The faulting and fracturing in the study area are part of the Miocene Balcones Fault Zone, which is an extensional system of faults that generally trend southwest to northeast in south-central Texas. An igneous dike, containing aphanitic texture, cuts through the center of the study area near the confluence of Honey Creek and the Guadalupe River. The dike penetrates the Cow Creek Limestone and the lower part of the Hensell Sand, which outcrops at three locations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3303","usgsCitation":"Clark, A.K., Blome, C.D., and Morris, R., 2014, Geology and hydrostratigraphy of Guadalupe River State Park and Honey Creek State Natural Area, Kendall and Comal Counties, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3303, Report: iv, 8 p.; Plate: 37.35 x 31.80 inches; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3303.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 8 p.; Plate: 37.35 x 31.80 inches; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049375","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289527,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3303.jpg"},{"id":289524,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3303/pdf/sim3303_pamphlet.pdf"},{"id":289526,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3303/downloads/"},{"id":289525,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3303/pdf/sim3303_map.pdf"},{"id":289523,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3303/"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 14","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Comal County;Kendall County","otherGeospatial":"Guadalupe River State Park;Honey Creek State Natural Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.920799,29.537296 ], [ -98.920799,30.138954 ], [ -98.102281,30.138954 ], [ -98.102281,29.537296 ], [ -98.920799,29.537296 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bd04d8e4b00cbf31f72325","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Allan K. 0000-0003-0099-1521 akclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0099-1521","contributorId":1279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Allan","email":"akclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blome, Charles D. 0000-0002-3449-9378 cblome@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-9378","contributorId":1246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blome","given":"Charles","email":"cblome@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morris, Robert R. 0000-0001-7504-3732","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7504-3732","contributorId":106213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"Robert R.","affiliations":[{"id":48595,"text":"Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70112950,"text":"ofr20141124 - 2014 - Preliminary bedrock and surficial geologic map of the west half of the Sanders 30' x 60' quadrangle, Navajo and Apache Counties, northern Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-26T15:26:39.266888","indexId":"ofr20141124","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-08T08:40:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1124","title":"Preliminary bedrock and surficial geologic map of the west half of the Sanders 30' x 60' quadrangle, Navajo and Apache Counties, northern Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The bedrock and surficial geologic map of the west half of the Sanders 30' x 60' quadrangle was completed in a cooperative effort of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Navajo Nation to provide regional geologic information for management and planning officials. This report provides baseline geologic information that will be useful in future studies of groundwater and surface water resources, geologic hazards, and the distribution of soils and plants.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The west half of the Sanders quadrangle encompasses approximately 2,509 km<sup>2</sup> (980 mi<sup>2</sup>) within Navajo and Apache Counties of northern Arizona and is bounded by lat 35°30' to 35° N., long 109°30' to 110° W. The majority of the land within the map area lies within the Navajo Nation. South of the Navajo Nation, private and State lands form a checkerboard pattern east and west of Petrified Forest National Park.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>In the west half of the Sanders quadrangle, Mesozoic bedrock is nearly flat lying except near folds. A shallow Cenozoic erosional basin that developed about 20 Ma in the western part of the map area cut across late Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks that were subsequently filled with flat-lying Miocene and Pliocene mudstone and argillaceous sandstone and fluvial sediments of the Bidahochi Formation and associated volcanic rocks of the Hopi Buttes volcanic field. The Bidahochi rocks are capped by Pliocene(?) and Pleistocene fluvial sediments and Quaternary eolian and alluvial deposits. Erosion along northeast-southwest-oriented drainages have exposed elongated ridges of Bidahochi Formation and basin-fill deposits that are exposed through shallow eolian cover of similarly oriented longitudinal dunes. Stokes (1964) concluded that the accumulation of longitudinal sand bodies and the development of confined parallel drainages are simultaneous processes resulting in parallel sets of drainages and ridges oriented along the prevailing southwest wind direction on the southern Colorado Plateau.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141124","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Navajo Nation","usgsCitation":"Amoroso, L., Priest, S.S., and Hiza-Redsteer, M., 2014, Preliminary bedrock and surficial geologic map of the west half of the Sanders 30' x 60' quadrangle, Navajo and Apache Counties, northern Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1124, 2 Sheets: 41.96 x 55.0 inches and 30.0 x 28.05 inches; Pamphlet: ii, 30 p.; Database; Shape Files; Readme; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141124.","productDescription":"2 Sheets: 41.96 x 55.0 inches and 30.0 x 28.05 inches; Pamphlet: ii, 30 p.; Database; Shape Files; Readme; Metadata","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-042294","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289506,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1124/pdf/ofr2014-1124_pamphlet.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":417503,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_100395.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":289511,"rank":9,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141124.jpg"},{"id":289508,"rank":8,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1124/downloads/ofr2014-1124_shape.zip"},{"id":289509,"rank":7,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1124/downloads/ofr2014-1124_readme.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":289504,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1124/pdf/ofr2014-1124_sheet1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":289505,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1124/pdf/ofr2014-1124_sheet2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":289507,"rank":1,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1124/downloads/ofr2014-1124_database.zip"},{"id":289510,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1124/downloads/ofr2014-1124_metadata.txt"},{"id":289500,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1124/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"50000","projection":"Polyconic projection","datum":"1927 North American Datum","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Apache County, Navajo County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.0,35.0 ], [ -110.0,35.5 ], [ -109.5,35.5 ], [ -109.5,35.0 ], [ -110.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bd04dbe4b00cbf31f72335","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amoroso, Lee lamoroso@usgs.gov","contributorId":3069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amoroso","given":"Lee","email":"lamoroso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Priest, Susan S. spriest@usgs.gov","contributorId":30204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Priest","given":"Susan","email":"spriest@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hiza-Redsteer, Margaret","contributorId":77020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiza-Redsteer","given":"Margaret","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70115626,"text":"70115626 - 2014 - Effects of disturbance associated with seismic exploration for oil and gas reserves in coastal marshes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-07T13:32:37","indexId":"70115626","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-07T13:17:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of disturbance associated with seismic exploration for oil and gas reserves in coastal marshes","docAbstract":"Anthropogenic disturbances in wetland ecosystems can alter the composition and structure of plant assemblages and affect system functions. Extensive oil and gas extraction has occurred in wetland habitats along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast since the early 1900s. Activities involved with three-dimensional (3D) seismic exploration for these resources cause various disturbances to vegetation and soils. We documented the impact of a 3D seismic survey in coastal marshes in Louisiana, USA, along transects established before exploration began. Two semi-impounded marshes dominated by <i>Spartina patens</i> were in the area surveyed. Vegetation, soil, and water physicochemical data were collected before the survey, about 6 weeks following its completion, and every 3 months thereafter for 2 years. Soil cores for seed bank emergence experiments were also collected. Maximum vegetation height at impact sites was reduced in both marshes 6 weeks following the survey. In one marsh, total vegetation cover was also reduced, and dead vegetation cover increased, at impact sites 6 weeks after the survey. These effects, however, did not persist 3 months later. No effects on soil or water properties were identified. The total number of seeds that germinated during greenhouse studies increased at impact sites 5 months following the survey in both marshes. Although some seed bank effects persisted 1 year, these effects were not reflected in standing vegetation. The marshes studied were therefore resilient to the impacts resulting from 3D seismic exploration because vegetation responses were short term in that they could not be identified a few months following survey completion.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-014-0274-2","usgsCitation":"Howard, R.J., Wells, C.J., Michot, T.C., and Johnson, D., 2014, Effects of disturbance associated with seismic exploration for oil and gas reserves in coastal marshes: Environmental Management, v. 54, no. 1, p. 30-50, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-014-0274-2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"30","endPage":"50","numberOfPages":"21","ipdsId":"IP-046156","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289476,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289475,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-014-0274-2"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, zone 15","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -94.0,29.666667 ], [ -94.0,30.166667 ], [ -93.166667,30.166667 ], [ -93.166667,29.666667 ], [ -94.0,29.666667 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"54","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bbb34fe4b084059e8bfeab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howard, Rebecca J. 0000-0001-7264-4364 howardr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-4364","contributorId":2429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Rebecca","email":"howardr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, Christopher J. wellsc@usgs.gov","contributorId":5607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Christopher","email":"wellsc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":495656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michot, Thomas C. 0000-0002-7044-987X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-987X","contributorId":57935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michot","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Darren J.","contributorId":100291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Darren J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}