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,{"id":70187587,"text":"70187587 - 1981 - What is classification?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-09T17:15:02","indexId":"70187587","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"What is classification?","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"In-place resource inventories: Principles and practice","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Soc. Am. Foresters","usgsCitation":"Kleckner, R., 1981, What is classification?, <i>in</i> In-place resource inventories: Principles and practice, p. 14-16.","productDescription":"3 p. ","startPage":"14","endPage":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":341019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5912d54fe4b0e541a03d4575","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kleckner, R.L.","contributorId":70744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleckner","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":64773,"text":"i1287A - 1981 - Map showing water circulation and rates of sedimentation in the Corpus Christi 1 degree by 2 degrees quadrangle, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-04T16:23:28.651015","indexId":"i1287A","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1287","subseriesTitle":"MGA","chapter":"A","title":"Map showing water circulation and rates of sedimentation in the Corpus Christi 1 degree by 2 degrees quadrangle, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i1287A","usgsCitation":"Berryhill, H.L., and Trippet, A., 1981, Map showing water circulation and rates of sedimentation in the Corpus Christi 1 degree by 2 degrees quadrangle, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1287, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 56.58 x 26.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1287A.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 56.58 x 26.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":420251,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_9105.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":255196,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1287a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":255195,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1287a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":255194,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1287a/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Corpus Christi 1 degree x 2 degrees quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.667,\n              28\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.667,\n              27\n            ],\n            [\n              -96,\n              27\n            ],\n            [\n              -96,\n              28\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.667,\n              28\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640de0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berryhill, H. L. Jr.","contributorId":96356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berryhill","given":"H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trippet, A. R.","contributorId":105377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trippet","given":"A. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":272128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70140573,"text":"70140573 - 1981 - Satellite and field studies of man's impact on the surface in arid regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:59:34","indexId":"70140573","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3527,"text":"Tellus, Series A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite and field studies of man's impact on the surface in arid regions","docAbstract":"<p>Models of the nadir reflectivity as a function of the fractional cover by plants or plant debris are presented and are applied to assessing the Negev vs Sinai differences and the sharp recovery (darkening) of the surface in a Sinai enclosure where anthropogenic pressures were stopped in 1974 by fencing off the area.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Co-action Publishing","doi":"10.1111/j.2153-3490.1981.tb01731.x","usgsCitation":"Otterman, J., 1981, Satellite and field studies of man's impact on the surface in arid regions: Tellus, Series A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, v. 33, no. 1, p. 68-77, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2153-3490.1981.tb01731.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"77","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297856,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Egypt, Israel","otherGeospatial":"Negev, Sinai","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              24.78515625,\n              22.2280904167845\n            ],\n            [\n              24.78515625,\n              31.914867503276223\n            ],\n            [\n              35.5517578125,\n              31.914867503276223\n            ],\n            [\n              35.5517578125,\n              22.2280904167845\n            ],\n            [\n              24.78515625,\n              22.2280904167845\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c4ae4b08de9379b3702","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Otterman, Joseph","contributorId":75683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otterman","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011715,"text":"70011715 - 1981 - United States gold resource profile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-12T17:12:45.830188","indexId":"70011715","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"United States gold resource profile","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.76.4.937","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Cargill, S., 1981, United States gold resource profile: Economic Geology, v. 76, no. 4, p. 937-943, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.76.4.937.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"937","endPage":"943","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221464,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1981-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbcd2e4b08c986b328e25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cargill, S.M.","contributorId":64776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cargill","given":"S.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":42013,"text":"ofr81327 - 1981 - Altitude of water table, Biscayne aquifer, Dade County, Florida, October 1978","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-21T20:11:14.04505","indexId":"ofr81327","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-327","title":"Altitude of water table, Biscayne aquifer, Dade County, Florida, October 1978","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81327","usgsCitation":"Swayze, L.J., 1981, Altitude of water table, Biscayne aquifer, Dade County, Florida, October 1978: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-327, 1 Plate: 35.48 x 44.44 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81327.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 35.48 x 44.44 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169576,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414495,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_75476.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":79768,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0327/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Dade County","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.875,\n              25.9833\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.875,\n              25.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.125,\n              25.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.125,\n              25.9833\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.875,\n              25.9833\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686a1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swayze, L. J.","contributorId":25572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swayze","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70194965,"text":"70194965 - 1981 - Duck virus enteritis (duck plague): Since Lake Andes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-31T15:48:36","indexId":"70194965","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Duck virus enteritis (duck plague): Since Lake Andes","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings, Wildlife Disease Association meeting, August 18, 1981, Laramie, Wyoming","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Wildlife Disease Association meeting","conferenceDate":"August 18, 1981","conferenceLocation":"Laramie, WY","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","usgsCitation":"Brand, C.J., 1981, Duck virus enteritis (duck plague): Since Lake Andes, <i>in</i> Proceedings, Wildlife Disease Association meeting, August 18, 1981, Laramie, Wyoming, Laramie, WY, August 18, 1981.","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a72e3f5e4b0a9a2e9e08f57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brand, Christopher J. cbrand@usgs.gov","contributorId":1186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"Christopher","email":"cbrand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":726305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":42190,"text":"ofr81935 - 1981 - Aeromagnetic map of the Blood Mountain-Chattahoochee area, Georgia and North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-01T20:14:47.989967","indexId":"ofr81935","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-935","title":"Aeromagnetic map of the Blood Mountain-Chattahoochee area, Georgia and North Carolina","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr81935","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1981, Aeromagnetic map of the Blood Mountain-Chattahoochee area, Georgia and North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-935, 2 Plates: 34.55 x 45.04 inches and 35.32 x 40.48 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr81935.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 34.55 x 45.04 inches and 35.32 x 40.48 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":167950,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":79936,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0935/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":79935,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0935/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":413549,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12217.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia, North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Blood Mountain-Chattahoochee area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.036,\n              35.289\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.083,\n              35.289\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.083,\n              34.583\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.036,\n              34.583\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.036,\n              35.289\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db69716a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":530895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011724,"text":"70011724 - 1981 - An alternative model for the development of the allochthonous southern Appalachian Piedmont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-08T17:54:24.105924","indexId":"70011724","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An alternative model for the development of the allochthonous southern Appalachian Piedmont","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Science","doi":"10.2475/ajs.281.9.1153","usgsCitation":"Zen, E., 1981, An alternative model for the development of the allochthonous southern Appalachian Piedmont: American Journal of Science, v. 281, no. 9, p. 1153-1163, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.281.9.1153.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1153","endPage":"1163","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221609,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"281","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9ede4b0c8380cd4852c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zen, E-An","contributorId":47064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zen","given":"E-An","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1001581,"text":"1001581 - 1981 - Observations on black-crowned night heron breeding success in a North Dakota marsh","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-15T01:29:15.802548","indexId":"1001581","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1163,"text":"Canadian Field-Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observations on black-crowned night heron breeding success in a North Dakota marsh","docAbstract":"Storms and mammalian predation severely reduced production in a Black-crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) colony in two years and drought prevented nesting in two other years from 1976 to 1980. Maximum estimated production was 2.2 young per pair in 1978, the only year production was sufficient to maintain the population.","language":"English","publisher":"Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club","usgsCitation":"Greenwood, R.J., 1981, Observations on black-crowned night heron breeding success in a North Dakota marsh: Canadian Field-Naturalist, v. 95, no. 4, p. 465-467.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"465","endPage":"467","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422584,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/352424"},{"id":129225,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63ef55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greenwood, R. J.","contributorId":74326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenwood","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70047794,"text":"70047794 - 1981 - Magnetics: 2-D anomaly","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9295,"text":"ofr791620 - 1979 - Texas Instruments Model 59 hand-calculator program to calculate magnetic anomaly over 2-D prisms of up to 12 vertices","indexId":"ofr791620","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Texas Instruments Model 59 hand-calculator program to calculate magnetic anomaly over 2-D prisms of up to 12 vertices"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047794,"text":"70047794 - 1981 - Magnetics: 2-D anomaly","indexId":"70047794","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Magnetics: 2-D anomaly"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-16T14:57:07","indexId":"70047794","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Magnetics: 2-D anomaly","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Manual of geophysical hand-calculator programs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","usgsCitation":"Campbell, D.L., and Haines, D.N., 1981, Magnetics: 2-D anomaly, chap. <i>of</i> Manual of geophysical hand-calculator programs, v. 2: TI.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2: TI","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52188468e4b0e27b926cc6bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, D. L.","contributorId":90726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haines, Donald N.","contributorId":31765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70011938,"text":"70011938 - 1981 - New maps of Federal coal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-04T01:48:12.113669","indexId":"70011938","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New maps of Federal coal","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15238507\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Compilation and analysis of publicly available data on Federal coal are resulting in voluminous map sets showing coal isopachs, structure contours, and overburden isopachs on each known minable coal bed. As of the spring of 1981, there are available from the U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Services Section in Denver map sets at 1:24,000 scale or microfiche sets covering approximately 470 of the ultimately 1,400 quadrangles in the program. Because Congress in 1976 mandated the prompt “inventorying” of all unleased Federal coal for Government land-use planning, and because dollars but not employee positions were provided for the work, the U.S. Geological Survey was obliged to contract for the compilations.</p><p>A typical map set has a short text and about 20 plates, including a data sheet; a Federal mineral ownership map; and correlation charts. For each coal bed, there are isopachs, structure contours, stripping limits, and mining ratios extending as far as the data will permit, regardless of coal ownership. Reserve base tonnages and relative development potentials are calculated, but only for unleased Federal coal areas.</p><p>Termed “minable” are coal beds at least 1.524 m (5 ft) thick and less than 914.4 m (3,000 ft) deep. For conventional underground mining methods, beds dipping more than 15° are excluded; also excluded are all but 3.66 m (12 ft) of thick beds. For<span>&nbsp;</span><i>in situ</i><span>&nbsp;</span>conversion methods, the minimum dip is 15° except for the deep thick beds in the Powder River Basin.</p><p>Arbitrary parameters classify the development potential of each unleased 16.19-hectare (40-acre) tract as high, moderate, low, unknown, or negative. The former Secretary of the Interior announced his intention to restrict leasing in general to tracts classified as having high to moderate potential for development.</p><p>Many geologists will find these systematic map compilations to be useful bases for adding new data points and making their own interpretations, correlations, extrapolations, and reserve estimates.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1981)92<542:NMOFC>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Wayland, R.G., 1981, New maps of Federal coal: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 92, no. 8 pt 1, p. 542-550, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1981)92<542:NMOFC>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"542","endPage":"550","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221072,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"8 pt 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a65e5e4b0c8380cd72c8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wayland, R. G.","contributorId":12027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wayland","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70169222,"text":"70169222 - 1981 - The seismicity of Ethiopia; active plate tectonics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-31T16:34:51","indexId":"70169222","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The seismicity of Ethiopia; active plate tectonics","docAbstract":"<p>\"But I tell you, when you look at the way the pieces of the northeastern portion of the African continent seem to fit together, separated by a narrow gulf, you could almost make a believer [in continental drift] of anybody\" Astronaut Harrison Schmidt, on the view from Apollo 17.</p>\n<p>Ethiopia, descended from the semimythical Kingdom of Punt, lies at the strategic intersection of Schmidt's jigsaw puzzle where the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, and the African Rift System meet. Because of geologically recent uplift combined with rapid downcutting erosion by rivers, notably the Blue Nile (Abbay), Ethiopia is the most mountainous country in Africa. It is also the most volcanically active, while its historical seismicity matches that of the midocean ridges. And, in a sense, Ethiopia is host to an evoloving ocean ridge system.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Mohr, P., 1981, The seismicity of Ethiopia; active plate tectonics: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 13, no. 4, p. 124-133.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"124","endPage":"133","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":319281,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ethiopia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              43.1982421875,\n              11.43695521614319\n            ],\n            [\n              42.71484375,\n              10.531020008464989\n            ],\n            [\n      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]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f3be54e4b0f59b85e02f42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mohr, P.","contributorId":48195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mohr","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70168879,"text":"70168879 - 1981 - Earthquakes, July-August, 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-06T15:43:33","indexId":"70168879","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquakes, July-August, 1980","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Person, W., 1981, Earthquakes, July-August, 1980: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 13, no. 2, p. 69-72.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"72","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318627,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56dd62bce4b015c306fa4b43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Person, W. J.","contributorId":91472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Person","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70188414,"text":"70188414 - 1981 - Remote sensing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-08T13:36:59","indexId":"70188414","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1829,"text":"Geotimes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remote sensing","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geological Institute","usgsCitation":"Williams, R.S., and Taranik, J., 1981, Remote sensing: Geotimes, v. 26, no. 2, p. 51-53.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"53","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342301,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593ad71ce4b0764e6c602194","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, R. S. Jr.","contributorId":119999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taranik, J. V.","contributorId":91658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taranik","given":"J. V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70011918,"text":"70011918 - 1981 - The Redskin granite: Evidence for thermogravitational diffusion in a Precambrian granite batholith","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-16T16:04:04.778321","indexId":"70011918","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Redskin granite: Evidence for thermogravitational diffusion in a Precambrian granite batholith","docAbstract":"<p>The 1000-Ma-old composite Pikes Peak batholith consists largely of medium- to coarse-grained biotite granite but is intruded by several smaller granite plutons. Two of these, the Tarryall Mountains batholith and the Redskin Granite (Hawley, 1969; Hawley and Wobus, 1977), are here interpreted as cupolas atop the main mass of the Pikes Peak batholith.</p><p>Chemical analysis for 38 elements in rocks from the Redskin Granite, the Tarryall Mountains batholith, and the biotite granite of the Pikes Peak batholith support the contention that the compositions of the smaller plutons are unlikely to have evolved from that of the main mass of the batholith by crystal fractionation. It is believed that these compositions arose through liquid-state fractionation processes, possibly the convection-aided thermogravitational model of Shaw et al. (1976).</p><p>It is important to recognize that the chemical signature of this fractionation process can be discerned in holocrystalline rocks as well as in their glassy equivalents because the process may be instrumental in the formation of some kinds of lithophile ore deposits.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB086iB11p10423","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Ludington, S., 1981, The Redskin granite: Evidence for thermogravitational diffusion in a Precambrian granite batholith: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 86, no. B11, p. 10423-10430, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB086iB11p10423.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"10423","endPage":"10430","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220729,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba8afe4b08c986b321da0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ludington, S.","contributorId":91987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludington","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70011939,"text":"70011939 - 1981 - Aseismic uplift in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-15T17:11:08","indexId":"70011939","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aseismic uplift in California","docAbstract":"<p>We disagree with several of the arguments cited by Jackson <i>et al</i>. in support of their view that \"the inference of wide-spread aseismic uplift in southern California is not justified\" (1). Specifically, the striking correlation shown in figure 1 of Jackson <i>et al</i>. (1) is an artifact of the construction, the rod calibration data are atypical, the cited regression techniques are of doubtful value, and the geologically and geodetically determined uplift rates are inappropriately compared.<br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.213.4504.246","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Castle, R.O., Elliot, M.R., Gilmore, T.D., Mark, R., Newman, E.B., Tinsley, J., Jackson, D., Lee, W., and Liu, C., 1981, Aseismic uplift in California: Science, v. 213, no. 4504, p. 246-247, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.213.4504.246.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"246","endPage":"247","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480570,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.213.4504.246","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":221073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"213","issue":"4504","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059edb7e4b0c8380cd4997d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Castle, Robert O.","contributorId":22741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castle","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elliot, Michael R.","contributorId":189355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliot","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilmore, Thomas D.","contributorId":64235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmore","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mark, Robert K.","contributorId":30648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mark","given":"Robert K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Newman, Evelyn B.","contributorId":59501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Evelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tinsley, John C. III jtinsley@usgs.gov","contributorId":3266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinsley","given":"John C.","suffix":"III","email":"jtinsley@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":362345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jackson, D.D.","contributorId":41011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lee, W.B.","contributorId":28364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Liu, C.-C.","contributorId":89662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"C.-C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70011928,"text":"70011928 - 1981 - The occurrence of chlorine in serpentine minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:34","indexId":"70011928","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The occurrence of chlorine in serpentine minerals","docAbstract":"Partially serpentinized dunites containing small amounts of Chlorine (< 0.5%) from Dumont, Quebec, and Horoman, Hokkaido, Japan, and one containing less than 0.05% Chlorine from Higashi-Akaishi-Yama, Ehime, Japan have been examined using the electron probe microanalyzer and scanning transmission electron microscope with X-ray analytical capabilities. Chlorine was found together with Si, Mg, Ca and Fe in the serpentine minerals of the Dumont and Hokkaido dunites but not in the Ehime dunite. Chlorine is found associated only with the most finely crystalline facies of the serpentine (grain size less than 10 nm). The Ehime dunite contained no such fine grained serpentine, and was thus effectively chlorine-free, as are the coarser grained serpentines of the other samples. The finegrained chlorine-bearing serpentine also has a much higher concentration of Fe, and can contain smaller amounts of Ca, Ni and Mn than the coarse-grained variety as well as minute awaruite (FeNi3) grains. This fine-grained serpentine probably represents an early stage in the transformation of olivine to serpentine, with chlorine from hydrothermal solutions assisting the necessary chemical changes. The Cl increases the reaction rate by lowering the activation barrier to reaction by the introduction of reaction steps. ?? 1981 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00373679","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Miura, Y., Rucklidge, J., and Nord, G.L., 1981, The occurrence of chlorine in serpentine minerals: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, no. 1, p. 17-23, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00373679.","startPage":"17","endPage":"23","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205077,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00373679"},{"id":220942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bae3de4b08c986b323f6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miura, Y.","contributorId":28363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miura","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rucklidge, J.","contributorId":54342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rucklidge","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nord, Gordon L. Jr.","contributorId":12498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nord","given":"Gordon","suffix":"Jr.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70011946,"text":"70011946 - 1981 - 13C 12C exchange between calcite and graphite: A possible thermometer in Grenville marbles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-14T16:02:34.074509","indexId":"70011946","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"<sup>13</sup>C <sup>12</sup>C exchange between calcite and graphite: A possible thermometer in Grenville marbles","title":"13C 12C exchange between calcite and graphite: A possible thermometer in Grenville marbles","docAbstract":"<p>The fractionation of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>13</sup>C between calcite and graphite, Δ(Cc-Gr). is consistently small (2.6–4.8 permil) in 34 assemblages from upper amphibolite- and granulite-facies marbles of the Grenville Province. In 25 samples from the Adirondack Mountains, New York, it decreases regularly with increasing metamorphic temperature. The fractionations are independent of absolute δ<sup>13</sup>C values of calcite (−2.9 to +5.0). For<span>&nbsp;</span><i>T</i><span>&nbsp;</span>= 600–800°<i>C</i>, the Adirondack data are described by<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Δ</i>(<i>Cc</i>-<i>Gr</i>) = −0.00748<i>T</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(°<i>C</i>) + 8.68. This good correlation between Δ and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>T</i><span>&nbsp;</span>suggests that carbon isotope equilibrium was attained in these high-grade marbles and that the theoretical calculations of this fractionation by Bottinga are approximately 2 permil too large in this temperature range. Because of the relatively high temperature sensitivity suggested by these results and by Bottinga's calculations, and the pressure independence of isotope fractionation, Δ(Cc-Gr) may provide a very good thermometer for high-grade marbles.</p><p>Comparison of this field calibration for Δ(Cc-Gr) vs temperature with results from other terranes supports the utility of Δ(Cc-Gr) for geothermometry and suggests that graphite is much more sluggish to exchange than calcite, that exchange between calcite and graphite occurs at temperatures as low as 300°C, and that equilibrium may normally be attained only when peak metamorphic temperatures are greater than 500–600°C.</p><p>Because<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>13</sup>C exchange is an unavoidable metamorphic process at temperatures above 300°C, high values of δ<sup>13</sup>C(Gr) in moderate- to high-grade carbonate-bearing rocks do not provide a sufficient criterion to infer an abiogenic origin for the graphite.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(81)90249-0","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Valley, J., and O’Neil, J.R., 1981, 13C 12C exchange between calcite and graphite: A possible thermometer in Grenville marbles: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 45, no. 3, p. 411-419, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(81)90249-0.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"411","endPage":"419","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480581,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/24452>","text":"External Repository"},{"id":221204,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e224e4b0c8380cd459ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valley, J.W.","contributorId":28741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valley","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Neil, J. R.","contributorId":69633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1004435,"text":"1004435 - 1981 - Mercury in the muscle tissue of fish from three northern Maine lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T12:35:57","indexId":"1004435","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1103,"text":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury in the muscle tissue of fish from three northern Maine lakes","docAbstract":"<p>There is evidence that fish in Canadian wilderness areas exhibit elevated mercury levels because of the oligotrophic nature of the lakes they inhabit (BROUZES et al. 1977). D'ITRI et al. (1971) reported higher levels of mercury in trout from oligotrophic waters than in trout from eutrophic waters in unpolluted areas. They attributed part of the difference to differences in the food of the fish in the two types of waters. Position on the trophic scale is an important factor determining the degree of bioaccumulation of mercury by aquatic organisms, especially fish. </p><p>Elevated mercury levels have been reported in fish from three wilderness lakes in northern Maine (NORMANDEAU ASSOCIATES 1978). Concentrations exceeding 0.50 ~g/g were detected in the muscle tissue of many of the fish. </p><p>We report the levels of mercury in the muscle tissue of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and lake trout (S. namaycush) from three northern Maine lakes. Mercury levels in fish from two wilderness lakes in the same drainage basin were compared with each other, and in turn with those in fish from a lake in a separate drainage basin. The fish species composition in one of the wilderness lakes, Cliff Lake, is different from that in the other two lakes, enabling us to analyze the effects of trophic structure on mercury concentration in top carnivores. It is unlikely that mercury from agricultural, geological, or local industrial sources occurs in these lakes. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01611008","usgsCitation":"Akielaszek, J., and Haines, T., 1981, Mercury in the muscle tissue of fish from three northern Maine lakes: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 27, no. 1, p. 201-208, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01611008.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"208","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db624d39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Akielaszek, J.J.","contributorId":24731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Akielaszek","given":"J.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haines, T.A.","contributorId":83062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haines","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012006,"text":"70012006 - 1981 - Identification of kaolins and associated minerals in altered volcanic rocks by infrared spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-25T15:16:24","indexId":"70012006","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1245,"text":"Clays and Clay Minerals","onlineIssn":"1552-8367","printIssn":"0009-8604","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification of kaolins and associated minerals in altered volcanic rocks by infrared spectroscopy","docAbstract":"<p>Mid-infrared spectroscopy (2.5-50 /µm) has been extensively used to identify and characterize clays and associated minerals in rocks and soils, with particular emphasis on the 3-, 10-, and 20-/µm regions (Farmer and Russell, 1967; Farmer, 1968; White, 1971; Van der Marel and Beutelspacher, 1976). However, application of mid-infrared spectroscopy in remote-sensing activities has been restricted because the spectral information occurs only as a small perturbation to the emitted radiation from the earth's surface, and much of that which is especially relevant to clays (e.g., the 3.0-µm region) is obscured by atmospheric absorption. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Clay Minerals Society","doi":"10.1346/CCMN.1981.0290114","usgsCitation":"Hunt, G.R., and Halley, R., 1981, Identification of kaolins and associated minerals in altered volcanic rocks by infrared spectroscopy: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 29, no. 1, p. 76-78, https://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1981.0290114.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"76","endPage":"78","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a382ee4b0c8380cd61492","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Graham R.","contributorId":84342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Graham","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halley, Robert B.","contributorId":76244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halley","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":362503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70012000,"text":"70012000 - 1981 - Correlation of natural gas content to iron species in the New Albany shale group","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-02T17:15:17.117744","indexId":"70012000","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1709,"text":"Fuel","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlation of natural gas content to iron species in the New Albany shale group","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mössbauer parameters were obtained for four Illinois Basin shales and their corresponding &lt; 2μm clay fractions from wells drilled through the New Albany Shale Group in Henderson, Tazewell, and Effingham counties in Illinois and Christian County in Kentucky. Off-gas analysis indicated that the Illinois cores were in an area of low gas potential, while the Kentucky core was in an area of moderate-to-good potential. Iron-rich dolomite (ankerite) was found in the Kentucky core but not in the Illinois cores. In the Kentucky core, gas content could be correlated with the ankerite in the bulk sample, the Mössbauer M (2) species in the clay fraction, and a ferrous iron species in the clay fraction. The location of the greatest concentration of natural gas in the Kentucky core could be predicted by following the changes in percentage concentration of these iron species when plotted against the depth of burial of the core sample.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-2361(81)90228-3","issn":"00162361","usgsCitation":"Shiley, R., Cluff, R., Dickerson, D.R., Hinckley, C., Smith, G.V., Twardowska, H., and Saporoschenko, M., 1981, Correlation of natural gas content to iron species in the New Albany shale group: Fuel, v. 60, no. 8, p. 732-738, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(81)90228-3.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"732","endPage":"738","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220944,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Kentucky","county":"Christian County, Effingham County, Henderson County, Tazewell County","otherGeospatial":"New Albany Shale 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,{"id":70012004,"text":"70012004 - 1981 - Matrix modification with silver for the electrothermal atomization of arsenic and selenium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-07T16:58:51.554955","indexId":"70012004","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":760,"text":"Analytica Chimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Matrix modification with silver for the electrothermal atomization of arsenic and selenium","docAbstract":"<p><span>Silver as a matrix modifier is shown to improve the carbon-rod atomization of both arsenic and selenium for atomic absorption spectrometry. Compared to nickel, the efficiency of silver is greater for arsenic and about the same for selenium. Silver fulfils two functions in its reaction, namely stabilization during the ashing stage and enhancement of absorbance in the final atomization.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0003-2670(01)84103-9","usgsCitation":"Sanzolone, R.F., and Chao, T.T., 1981, Matrix modification with silver for the electrothermal atomization of arsenic and selenium: Analytica Chimica Acta, v. 128, no. C, p. 225-227, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)84103-9.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"227","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220948,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"128","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a528ee4b0c8380cd6c4dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanzolone, R. F.","contributorId":64199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanzolone","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chao, T. T.","contributorId":31900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70011922,"text":"70011922 - 1981 - Response of the suspended sediment transport system to continental shelf dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:33","indexId":"70011922","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of the suspended sediment transport system to continental shelf dynamics","docAbstract":"Surface currents influenced by a wind-driven upwelling event in San Pedro Bay moved total suspended matter (TSM) confined to the inner shelf on 19 April 1978 seaward, so that by 27 April surface TSM had increased over the outer shelf. Near-bottom concentrations of TSM also increased across the shelf during this time. This is explained by sediment resuspended by large surface waves being advected from the inner shelf seaward by the mean flow after this flow had turned from southeasterly to southerly when upwelling ceased on 26 April. These complex shelf dynamics contribute to the off-shelf transport of mud to the slope and deep basins. ?? 1981 A. M. Dowden, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geo-Marine Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF02462441","issn":"02760460","usgsCitation":"Karl, H.A., Drake, D., and Cacchione, D., 1981, Response of the suspended sediment transport system to continental shelf dynamics: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 1, no. 3-4, p. 243-248, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02462441.","startPage":"243","endPage":"248","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205062,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02462441"},{"id":220800,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa76e4b0c8380cd86352","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karl, Herman A.","contributorId":80649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Drake, D.E.","contributorId":48150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":362295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70011944,"text":"70011944 - 1981 - Cretaceous Arctic silicoflagellates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:29","indexId":"70011944","displayToPublicDate":"1981-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1742,"text":"Geo-Marine Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cretaceous Arctic silicoflagellates","docAbstract":"Cretaceous silicoflagellate assemblages from Arctic Ocean USGS Core 437 show Vallacerta siderea the most abundant species; most species of Lyramula disappear halfway up the core; only L. burchardae, n. sp., persists into the upper sections. These occurrences are untypical of the few documented Cretaceous assemblages from other areas. A Campanian or Maestrichtian age is suggested by correlation, but the uniquely high abundance of V. siderea and lack of Corbisema suggests that a difference in both age and general environment could be involved. If Core 437 is latest Maestrichtian, then the evidence from this core would constrain the timing of the ocean-freshening model for the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary extinctions. ?? 1981 A.M. Dowden, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geo-Marine Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF02463303","issn":"02760460","usgsCitation":"Bukry, D., 1981, Cretaceous Arctic silicoflagellates: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 1, no. 1, p. 57-63, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02463303.","startPage":"57","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205092,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02463303"}],"volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fca5e4b0c8380cd4e36d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bukry, D.","contributorId":15338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":362363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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