{"pageNumber":"551","pageRowStart":"13750","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70216003,"text":"70216003 - 2021 - Carrying capacity of spatially distributed metapopulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-19T16:35:18.526261","indexId":"70216003","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-28T07:32:27","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3653,"text":"Trends in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carrying capacity of spatially distributed metapopulations","docAbstract":"

Carrying capacity is a key concept in ecology. A body of theory, based on the logistic equation, has extended predictions of carrying capacity to spatially distributed, dispersing populations. However, this theory has only recently been tested empirically. The experimental results disagree with some theoretical predictions of when they are extended to a population dispersing randomly in a two-patch system. However, they are consistent with a mechanistic model of consumption on an exploitable resource (consumer–resource model). We argue that carrying capacity, defined as the total equilibrium population, is not a fundamental property of ecological systems, at least in the context of spatial heterogeneity. Instead, it is an emergent property that depends on the population’s intrinsic growth and dispersal rates.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2020.10.007","usgsCitation":"Zhang, B., DeAngelis, D., and Ni, W., 2021, Carrying capacity of spatially distributed metapopulations: Trends in Ecology and Evolution, v. 36, no. 2, p. 164-173, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2020.10.007.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"173","ipdsId":"IP-120127","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454334,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2020.10.007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380067,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Bo","contributorId":146526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Bo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16714,"text":"Dept. of Biology, University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeAngelis, Don 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":222382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Don","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ni, Wei-Ming","contributorId":146528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ni","given":"Wei-Ming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16716,"text":"University of Minnesota : East China Normal University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70224569,"text":"70224569 - 2021 - Post-glacial Mw 7.0-7.5 earthquakes on the North Olympic fault zone, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-28T12:26:23.015266","indexId":"70224569","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-27T07:23:40","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-glacial Mw 7.0-7.5 earthquakes on the North Olympic fault zone, Washington","docAbstract":"

Holocene crustal faulting in the northern Olympic Peninsula of Washington State manifests in a zone of west‐northwest‐striking crustal faults herein named the North Olympic fault zone, which extends for ∼80  km\">∼80  km∼80  km along strike and includes the Lake Creek–Boundary Creek fault to the east and the Sadie Creek fault and newly discovered scarps to the west. This study focuses on the Sadie Creek fault, which extends for >14  km\">>14  km>14  km west‐northwest from Lake Crescent. Airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) imagery reveals the trace of the Sadie Creek fault and offset postglacial landforms showing a history of Holocene surface‐rupturing earthquakes dominated by dextral displacement along a steeply dipping fault zone. Paleoseismic trenches at two sites on the Sadie Creek fault reveal till and outwash overlain by progressively buried forest and wetland soils developed on scarp‐derived colluvial wedges. Trench exposures of complex faulting with subhorizontal slickenlines indicate dextral displacement with lesser dip slip. Correlation of broadly constrained time intervals for earthquakes at the Sadie Creek sites and those to the east along the Lake Creek–Boundary Creek fault is consistent with rupture of much of the length of the North Olympic fault zone three to four times: at about 11, 7, 3, and 1 ka, with a shorter rupture at about 8.5 ka. Dated ruptures from trenches only partially coincide with coseismic landslides and megaturbidites in Lake Crescent, indicating that some earthquakes did not trigger megaturbidites, and some turbidites were unrelated to local fault rupture. Landform mapping suggests single‐event dextral displacement of 4±1  m\">4±1  m4±1  m on the Sadie Creek fault. Inferred maximum rupture length and single‐event slip imply earthquake magnitudes Mw\">MwMw 7.0–7.5. Dextral slip rates of 1.3–2.3  mm/yr\">1.3–2.3  mm/yr1.3–2.3  mm/yr and the ∼11,000  yr\">∼11,000  yr∼11,000  yr slip history suggest that the North Olympic fault zone is a prominent contributor to permanent strain in the northern Cascadia fore‐arc.

","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120200176","usgsCitation":"Schermer, E.R., Amos, C.B., Duckworth, W.C., Nelson, A., Angster, S.J., Delano, J., and Sherrod, B.L., 2021, Post-glacial Mw 7.0-7.5 earthquakes on the North Olympic fault zone, Washington: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 111, no. 1, p. 490-513, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200176.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"490","endPage":"513","ipdsId":"IP-121945","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389862,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"North Olympic Fault Zone","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.1123046875,\n 46.875213396722685\n ],\n [\n -121.17919921875001,\n 46.875213396722685\n ],\n [\n -121.17919921875001,\n 48.76343113791796\n ],\n [\n -125.1123046875,\n 48.76343113791796\n ],\n [\n -125.1123046875,\n 46.875213396722685\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"111","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schermer, Elizabeth R.","contributorId":184060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schermer","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amos, Colin B. 0000-0002-3862-9344","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3862-9344","contributorId":266018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amos","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":54859,"text":"Geology Department, Western Washington University, 516 High St., Bellingham, WA, 98225","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duckworth, W. Cody 0000-0002-0155-2929","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-2929","contributorId":266019,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duckworth","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Cody","affiliations":[{"id":54859,"text":"Geology Department, Western Washington University, 516 High St., Bellingham, WA, 98225","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, Alan 0000-0001-7117-7098","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":216700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Angster, Stephen J. 0000-0001-9250-8415","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9250-8415","contributorId":225610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angster","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Delano, Jaime 0000-0003-2601-2600","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2601-2600","contributorId":225594,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delano","given":"Jaime","affiliations":[{"id":6605,"text":"USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sherrod, Brian L. 0000-0002-4492-8631 bsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-8631","contributorId":2834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"Brian","email":"bsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70217748,"text":"70217748 - 2021 - Spatial and temporal patterns of low streamflow and precipitation changes in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-02T13:29:41.712277","indexId":"70217748","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-26T10:06:06","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal patterns of low streamflow and precipitation changes in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed","docAbstract":"

Spatial and temporal patterns in low streamflows were investigated for 183 streamgages located in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed for the period 1939–2013. Metrics that represent different aspects of the frequency and magnitude of low streamflows were examined for trends: (1) the annual time series of seven‐day average minimum streamflow, (2) the scaled average deficit at or below the 2% mean daily streamflow value relative to a base period between 1939 and 1970, and (3) the annual number of days below the 2% threshold. Trends in these statistics showed spatial cohesion, with increasing low streamflow volume at streamgages located in the northern uplands of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed and decreasing low streamflow volume at streamgages in the southern part of the watershed. For a small subset of streamgages (12%), conflicting trend patterns were observed between the seven‐day average minimum streamflow and the below‐threshold time series and these appear to be related to upstream diversions or the influence of reservoir‐influenced streamflows in their contributing watersheds. Using multivariate classification techniques, mean annual precipitation and fraction of precipitation falling as snow appear to be broad controls of increasing and decreasing low‐flow trends. Further investigation of seasonal precipitation patterns shows summer rainfall patterns, driven by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, as the main driver of low streamflows in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12892","usgsCitation":"Fleming, B.J., Archfield, S.A., Hirsch, R.M., Kiang, J.E., and Wolock, D.M., 2021, Spatial and temporal patterns of low streamflow and precipitation changes in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 57, no. 1, p. 96-108, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12892.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"108","ipdsId":"IP-108281","costCenters":[{"id":41514,"text":"Maryland-Delaware-District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454337,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12892","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9J8Y8OE","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Low-streamflow and precipitation trends for 183 U.S. Geological Survey 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Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kiang, Julie E. 0000-0003-0653-4225 jkiang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0653-4225","contributorId":2179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiang","given":"Julie","email":"jkiang@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":219213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70228427,"text":"70228427 - 2021 - Habitat modelling locates nesting areas of the endangered Black-capped Petrel Pterodroma hasitata on Hispaniola and identifies habitat loss","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-10T15:43:03.162133","indexId":"70228427","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-26T09:37:21","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1048,"text":"Bird Conservation International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Habitat modelling locates nesting areas of the endangered Black-capped Petrel Pterodroma hasitata on Hispaniola and identifies habitat loss","title":"Habitat modelling locates nesting areas of the endangered Black-capped Petrel Pterodroma hasitata on Hispaniola and identifies habitat loss","docAbstract":"

The Black-capped Petrel or Diablotin Pterodroma hasitata has a fragmented and declining population estimated at c.1,000 breeding pairs. On land, the species nests underground in steep ravines with dense understorey vegetation. The only confirmed breeding sites are located in the mountain ranges of Hispaniola in the Caribbean, where habitat loss and degradation are continuing threats. Other nesting populations may still remain undiscovered but, to locate them, laborious in situ nest searches must be conducted over expansive geographical areas. To focus nest-search efforts more efficiently, we analysed the environmental characteristics of Black-capped Petrel nesting habitat and modeled suitable habitat on Hispaniola using openly available environmental datasets. We used a univariate generalized linear model to compare the habitat characteristics of active Black-capped Petrel nests sites with those of potentially available sites (i.e. random pseudo-absences). Elevation, distance to coast, and the influence of tree cover and density emerged as important environmental variables. We then applied multivariate generalized linear models to these environmental variables that showed a significant relationship with petrel nesting activity. We used the top performing model of habitat suitability model to create maps of predicted suitability for Hispaniola. In addition to areas of known petrel activity, the model identified possible nesting areas for Black-capped Petrels in habitats not previously considered suitable. Based on model results, we estimated the total area of predicted suitable nesting habitat for Black-capped Petrels on Hispaniola and found that forest loss due to hurricanes, forest fires, and encroachment from agriculture had severely decreased availability of predicted suitable habitat between 2000 and 2018.

","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0959270920000490","usgsCitation":"Satge, Y.G., Rupp, E., Brown, A.J., and Jodice, P.G., 2021, Habitat modelling locates nesting areas of the endangered Black-capped Petrel Pterodroma hasitata on Hispaniola and identifies habitat loss: Bird Conservation International, v. 31, no. 4, p. 573-590, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0959270920000490.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"573","endPage":"590","ipdsId":"IP-115786","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454339,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270920000490","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FWJPBD","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Nesting habitat suitability for the Black-capped Petrel Pterodroma hasitata on Hispaniola, Supplementary Material"},{"id":395771,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Dominican Republic, Haiti","otherGeospatial":"Hispaniola","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -68.09326171875,\n 18.823116948090494\n ],\n [\n -69.2138671875,\n 19.621892180319374\n ],\n [\n -71.136474609375,\n 20.159098270646936\n ],\n [\n -72.916259765625,\n 20.24158281954221\n ],\n [\n -73.71826171874999,\n 19.766703551716976\n ],\n [\n -74.92675781249999,\n 18.396230138028827\n ],\n [\n -73.201904296875,\n 17.602139123350838\n ],\n [\n -71.47705078125,\n 17.45547257997284\n ],\n [\n -68.79638671875,\n 17.90556881196468\n ],\n [\n -68.21411132812499,\n 18.3336694457713\n ],\n [\n -68.09326171875,\n 18.823116948090494\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Satge, Y. G.","contributorId":275774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Satge","given":"Y.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rupp, E.","contributorId":265431,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rupp","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, A. J.","contributorId":197185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":219852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215758,"text":"70215758 - 2021 - Surface elevation change evaluation in mangrove forests using a low‐cost, rapid‐scan terrestrial laser scanner","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-19T16:39:46.16129","indexId":"70215758","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-26T08:13:11","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7183,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Surface elevation change evaluation in mangrove forests using a low‐cost, rapid‐scan terrestrial laser scanner","docAbstract":"

Mangrove forests have adapted to sea level rise (SLR) increases by maintaining their forest floor elevation via belowground root growth and surface sediment deposits. Researchers use surface elevation tables (SETs) to monitor surface elevation change (SEC) in mangrove forests, after which this information is used to assess SLR resiliency or to dictate active forest management for vulnerable systems. This method requires significant investments in terms of time and human resources and is limited in the number of points it can measure per plot. We use a low‐cost, portable terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) system to assess SEC for three mangrove forests on Pohnpei Island (Federated States of Micronesia). Cloth simulation filtering was used for ground detection, after which results were refined by filtering points using angular orientation. Digital elevation models then were generated via kriging interpolation for data collected in 2017 and 2019, after which the heights of corresponding points were compared across years. Extreme elevation changes, due to disturbances such as footprints or fallen logs, were removed using interquartile range analysis. The TLS‐obtained average SEC ranged between −6.92 and +6.01 mm, which exhibited an average consistency of 72% when compared to simultaneously collected SET data (root mean square error = 1.36 mm). We contend that this approach represents an improvement over the manual method, where very few points typically are used, that is, ≅ 36 points vs. ≅ 30,000 points in the case of TLS, and could contribute to improved monitoring and management of these rapidly changing forest environments.

","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.1002/lom3.10401","usgsCitation":"Kargar, A.R., MacKenzie, R.A., Fafard, A., Krauss, K., and van Aardt, J., 2021, Surface elevation change evaluation in mangrove forests using a low‐cost, rapid‐scan terrestrial laser scanner: Limnology and Oceanography Methods, v. 19, no. 16, p. 8-20, https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10401.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"20","ipdsId":"IP-113726","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kargar, Ali Rouzbeh 0000-0001-8653-086X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8653-086X","contributorId":244111,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kargar","given":"Ali","email":"","middleInitial":"Rouzbeh","affiliations":[{"id":48836,"text":"Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"MacKenzie, Richard A.","contributorId":169073,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacKenzie","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":25408,"text":"Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Hilo, HI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fafard, Alexander","contributorId":244112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fafard","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48836,"text":"Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krauss, Ken 0000-0003-2195-0729","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":222378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"van Aardt, Jan","contributorId":244113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Aardt","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48836,"text":"Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70223106,"text":"70223106 - 2021 - A case study of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control and ecology in a microcosm of the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T17:57:13.622585","indexId":"70223106","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-24T08:20:57","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A case study of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control and ecology in a microcosm of the Great Lakes","title":"A case study of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control and ecology in a microcosm of the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"

The Cheboygan River, Michigan, is the only tributary to the upper Great Lakes where sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) are known to complete their entire life cycle. The Upper and Lower reaches are separated by the Cheboygan Lock and Dam located about 2 km from Lake Huron. In the Upper River, the Pigeon, Sturgeon, and Maple Rivers provide nursery habitat for larval sea lamprey. Burt and Mullett Lakes provide feeding grounds for juvenile sea lamprey. Low levels of immigration from Lake Huron occur when adult sea lamprey bypass the lock and dam. Lampricide treatment in the Pigeon, Sturgeon, and Maple Rivers began in 1966 and 15 treatments have been conducted to date at a combined cost of $435,000 USD per treatment. Treatments may become more difficult due to recent dam removals in the Pigeon (2016) and Maple Rivers (2018) that expanded habitat available to valued fishes and sea lamprey. At present, the landlocked population is less than 200 spawning adults, and those adults are generally smaller and may spawn earlier in the spring than adult sea lamprey from Lake Huron. Frequency of sea lamprey-induced wounding on steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and northern pike (Esox lucius) in Mullett Lake is less than 5%. Given increasing challenges of lampricide treatment, efforts to test other means of control such as sterile male release technique is on-going. The Cheboygan River represents a microcosm of the Great Lakes and is useful for learning about sea lamprey ecology and testing controls that supplement lampricides and barriers.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2020.09.006","usgsCitation":"Johnson, N.S., Jubar, A.K., Keffer, D.A., Hrodey, P.J., Bravener, G., Freitas, L.E., McCarter, J.T., and Siefkes, M.J., 2021, A case study of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control and ecology in a microcosm of the Great Lakes: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. Suppl 1, p. S492-S505, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.09.006.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"S492","endPage":"S505","ipdsId":"IP-121295","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454341,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.09.006","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Cheboygan River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.089111328125,\n 45.10454630976873\n ],\n [\n -83.82568359375,\n 45.10454630976873\n ],\n [\n -83.82568359375,\n 45.85941212790755\n ],\n [\n -85.089111328125,\n 45.85941212790755\n ],\n [\n -85.089111328125,\n 45.10454630976873\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"Suppl 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jubar, Aaron K.","contributorId":150999,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jubar","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":18161,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, Lundington Biological Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keffer, David A","contributorId":264148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keffer","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hrodey, Peter J.","contributorId":205578,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hrodey","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6599,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marquette Biological Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bravener, Gale","contributorId":150995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bravener","given":"Gale","affiliations":[{"id":13677,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Freitas, Lauren E","contributorId":264149,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freitas","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McCarter, Jesse T","contributorId":264150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCarter","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"T","affiliations":[{"id":37387,"text":"University of Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Siefkes, Michael J.","contributorId":222109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siefkes","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7019,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70219226,"text":"70219226 - 2021 - Resistance and resilience of pelagic and littoral fishes to drought in the San Francisco Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-01T13:01:22.876886","indexId":"70219226","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-24T07:59:48","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resistance and resilience of pelagic and littoral fishes to drought in the San Francisco Estuary","docAbstract":"

Many estuarine ecosystems and the fish communities that inhabit them have undergone substantial changes in the past several decades, largely due to multiple interacting stressors that are often of anthropogenic origin. Few are more impactful than droughts, which are predicted to increase in both frequency and severity with climate change. In this study, we examined over five decades of fish monitoring data from the San Francisco Estuary, California, USA, to evaluate the resistance and resilience of fish communities to disturbance from prolonged drought events. High resistance was defined by the lack of decline in species occurrence from a wet to a subsequent drought period, while high resilience was defined by the increase in species occurrence from a drought to a subsequent wet period. We found some unifying themes connecting the multiple drought events over the 50‐yr period. Pelagic fishes consistently declined during droughts (low resistance), but exhibit a considerable amount of resiliency and often rebound in the subsequent wet years. However, full recovery does not occur in all wet years following droughts, leading to permanently lower baseline numbers for some pelagic fishes over time. In contrast, littoral fishes seem to be more resistant to drought and may even increase in occurrence during dry years. Based on the consistent detrimental effects of drought on pelagic fishes within the San Francisco Estuary and the inability of these fish populations to recover in some years, we conclude that freshwater flow remains a crucial but not sufficient management tool for the conservation of estuarine biodiversity.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eap.2243","usgsCitation":"Mahardja, B., Tobias, V., Khanna, S., Mitchell, L., Lehman, P.W., Sommer, T., Brown, L.R., Culberson, S., and Conrad, L., 2021, Resistance and resilience of pelagic and littoral fishes to drought in the San Francisco Estuary: Ecological Applications, v. 31, no. 2, e02243, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2243.","productDescription":"e02243, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118364","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454346,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2243","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.54150390625,\n 37.38761749978395\n ],\n [\n -121.06933593749999,\n 37.38761749978395\n ],\n [\n -121.06933593749999,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -122.54150390625,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -122.54150390625,\n 37.38761749978395\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mahardja, Brian","contributorId":174645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahardja","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13461,"text":"U.C. Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tobias, Vanessa","contributorId":256827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tobias","given":"Vanessa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Khanna, Shruti","contributorId":205167,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khanna","given":"Shruti","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37041,"text":"Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources, University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mitchell, Lara","contributorId":138612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Lara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12466,"text":"Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lehman, Peggy W.","contributorId":96168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lehman","given":"Peggy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7101,"text":"California Department of Water Resources, Geodetic Branch","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sommer, Ted","contributorId":256830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sommer","given":"Ted","affiliations":[{"id":37342,"text":"California Department of Water Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Culberson, Steven","contributorId":84284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Culberson","given":"Steven","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Conrad, Louise 0000-0002-1145-7503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1145-7503","contributorId":178273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conrad","given":"Louise","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70216963,"text":"70216963 - 2021 - The snag’s the limit: Habitat selection modeling for the western purple martin in a managed forest landscape","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T12:41:18.067114","indexId":"70216963","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-23T06:36:16","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The snag’s the limit: Habitat selection modeling for the western purple martin in a managed forest landscape","docAbstract":"

The western purple martin (Progne subis arboricola), an avian insectivore, is a species of conservation concern throughout the Pacific Northwest. Compared to the well-studied eastern subspecies (Progne subis subis), little is known of the life history and biology of the western subspecies. Availability of breeding habitat is believed to be a major limiting factor for western purple martins in forested habitat, but fundamental information on their current distribution and selection of nesting habitat is deficient. To fill this gap, we compared habitat characteristics at three spatial scales (snag-level, stand-level [48.6 ha], landscape-level [314 ha]) surrounding nest snags occupied by purple martins in western Oregon to unoccupied sites. We found habitat for nesting purple martins was defined by the presence of moderately decayed snags with nest cavities, located well away from closed-canopy forest in sufficiently large (>15 ha) open areas. Our modeling efforts suggested suitable habitat was rare within the study region because: 1) snags were scarce on private industrial forest lands and 2) large disturbed patches were uncommon on federal lands. We conclude that a disturbance regime characterized by infrequent but major stand-replacing events, such as fire or timber harvest, is likely the key to maintaining breeding habitat for purple martins in upland forests in western Oregon.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118689","usgsCitation":"Sherman, L.M., and Hagar, J., 2021, The snag’s the limit: Habitat selection modeling for the western purple martin in a managed forest landscape: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 480, 118689, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118689.","productDescription":"118689, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119982","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":381494,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.34326171874999,\n 42.01665183556825\n ],\n [\n -122.36572265625,\n 41.983994270935625\n ],\n [\n -122.49755859375,\n 42.27730877423709\n ],\n [\n -122.51953124999999,\n 42.85985981506279\n ],\n [\n -122.56347656249999,\n 43.67581809328341\n ],\n [\n -122.36572265625,\n 44.5435052132082\n ],\n [\n -122.23388671874999,\n 45.1510532655634\n ],\n [\n -122.49755859375,\n 45.398449976304086\n ],\n [\n -123.11279296875001,\n 45.99696161820381\n ],\n [\n -123.48632812499999,\n 46.27103747280261\n ],\n [\n -124.01367187499999,\n 46.36209301204985\n ],\n [\n -124.29931640625,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n -124.18945312500001,\n 45.62940492064501\n ],\n [\n -124.1455078125,\n 45.10454630976873\n ],\n [\n -124.27734374999999,\n 44.33956524809713\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 43.46886761482925\n ],\n [\n -124.8046875,\n 43.004647127794435\n ],\n [\n -124.56298828125001,\n 42.56926437219384\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 42.27730877423709\n ],\n [\n -124.34326171874999,\n 42.01665183556825\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"480","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherman, Lorelle M.","contributorId":206709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sherman","given":"Lorelle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":807109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hagar, Joan 0000-0002-3044-6607 joan_hagar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3044-6607","contributorId":3369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagar","given":"Joan","email":"joan_hagar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":807110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70216468,"text":"70216468 - 2021 - High frequency of lead exposure in the population of an endangered Australian top predator, the Tasmanian wedge-tailed eagle (Aquila audax fleayi)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T21:52:06.972666","indexId":"70216468","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-22T07:58:16","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"High frequency of lead exposure in the population of an endangered Australian top predator, the Tasmanian wedge-tailed eagle (Aquila audax fleayi)","title":"High frequency of lead exposure in the population of an endangered Australian top predator, the Tasmanian wedge-tailed eagle (Aquila audax fleayi)","docAbstract":"

Lead poisoning, mainly through incidental ingestion of lead ammunition in carcasses, is a threat to scavenging and predatory bird species worldwide. In Australia, shooting for animal control is widespread, and a range of native scavenging species are susceptible to lead exposure. However, the prevalence of lead exposure in Australia's scavenging and predatory birds is largely unknown. We evaluated the degree to which the Tasmanian wedge‐tailed eagle (Aquila audax fleayi), an endangered Australian raptor and facultative scavenger, showed evidence of lead exposure. We detected lead in 100% of femur and liver tissues of 109 eagle carcasses opportunistically collected throughout Tasmania between 1996 and 2018. Concentrations were elevated in 10% of 106 liver (> 6 mg/kg dw) and 4% of 108 femur (> 10 mg/kg dw) samples. We also detected lead in 96% of blood samples taken from 24 live nestlings, with 8% at elevated concentrations (> 10 μg/dL). Of the liver samples with elevated lead, 73% had lead207/206 isotope ratios within the published range of lead‐based bullets available in Tasmania. These first comprehensive data on lead exposure of an Australian raptor are comparable to those for raptor studies elsewhere that identify lead‐based ammunition exposure as a conservation threat. Our findings highlight the importance of further research and efforts to address lead contamination throughout the Tasmanian ecosystem and in other Australian regions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.4914","usgsCitation":"Pay, J.M., Katzner, T., Hawkins, C.E., Koch, A.J., Wiersm, J.M., Brown, W.E., Mooney, N.J., and Cameron, E.Z., 2021, High frequency of lead exposure in the population of an endangered Australian top predator, the Tasmanian wedge-tailed eagle (Aquila audax fleayi): Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 40, no. 1, p. 219-230, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4914.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"230","ipdsId":"IP-114063","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454349,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4914","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pay, James M.","contributorId":245078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pay","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":805217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hawkins, Clare E.","contributorId":245079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hawkins","given":"Clare","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koch, Amelia J.","contributorId":245080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koch","given":"Amelia","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wiersm, Jason M.","contributorId":245081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiersm","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, William E. 0000-0003-1595-9655","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1595-9655","contributorId":245082,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mooney, Nick J.","contributorId":245083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mooney","given":"Nick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cameron, Elissa Z.","contributorId":245084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cameron","given":"Elissa","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70219547,"text":"70219547 - 2021 - Relative abundance of coyotes (Canis latrans) influences gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) occupancy across the eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-13T12:57:42.705789","indexId":"70219547","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-22T07:56:45","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relative abundance of coyotes (Canis latrans) influences gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) occupancy across the eastern United States","docAbstract":"
Gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Schreber, 1775)) populations in portions of the eastern United States have experienced declines whose trajectories differ from those of other mesocarnivore populations. One hypothesis is that gray fox declines may result from interspecific interactions, particularly competition with abundant coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823). Alternatively, gray foxes may respond negatively to increased urbanization and reduced forest cover. To evaluate these hypotheses, we used single-species occupancy models of camera trap data to test the effects of habitat covariates, such as the amount of urbanization and forest, on coyote and gray fox occupancy. Additionally, we test the effect of an index based on an N-mixture model of the number of coyotes at each camera trap site on gray fox occupancy. Results indicate that occupancy probabilities of coyote and gray fox relate positively to the amount of forest, but they provided no evidence urban cover impacts gray foxes. Additionally, gray fox occupancy was negatively related to the index of the number of coyotes at each site. Our models support the idea that interactions with coyotes impact gray fox occupancy across the eastern United States. These results illustrate how large-scale studies can relate mechanisms identified within specific landscapes to phenomena observed at larger scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjz-2019-0246","usgsCitation":"Egan, M.E., Day, C.C., Katzner, T., and Zollner, P.A., 2021, Relative abundance of coyotes (Canis latrans) influences gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) occupancy across the eastern United States: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 99, no. 2, p. 63-72, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2019-0246.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"72","ipdsId":"IP-122542","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"99","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Egan, Michael E.","contributorId":257353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Egan","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, Casey C.","contributorId":213259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Day","given":"Casey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zollner, Patrick A.","contributorId":257355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zollner","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13186,"text":"Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70217647,"text":"70217647 - 2021 - Multiple physical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments recovered from Alaska North Slope 2018 Hydrate-01 Stratigraphic Test Well","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-27T13:06:31.920763","indexId":"70217647","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-22T06:53:56","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2382,"text":"Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple physical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments recovered from Alaska North Slope 2018 Hydrate-01 Stratigraphic Test Well","docAbstract":"

Knowledge of the petrophysical and geomechanical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments is essential for predicting reservoir responses to gas production from gas hydrate reservoirs. In December 2018, Stratigraphic Test Well Hydrate-01 was drilled in the western part of the Prudhoe Bay Unit, Alaska North Slope, as part of the technical planning effort for a future long-term gas hydrate production test. Side-wall pressure coring was conducted to recover gas hydrate-bearing sediments from two reservoir sections named Unit B and Unit D. A total of 34 cores were successfully recovered during five runs of a wireline deployed pressure corer, and a total of 17 cores were preserved for advanced laboratory analysis. The samples were frozen inside the pressure core autoclave by liquid nitrogen while at high pressure before being removed and stored under liquid nitrogen at atmospheric pressure. High-resolution X-ray computed tomography showed the samples were high-quality, with undisturbed lithological layers. The Unit B and D sediments were categorized as sand or sandy silt with high hydrate saturation. Gas compositions suggest the hydrates formed with thermogenic and microbial mixed gases. Permeability tests and triaxial compression tests were conducted on the hydrate-bearing sediments. Low strengthening and high permeability at hydrate saturation Sh > 80% were observed. There was a small permeability reduction during the triaxial compression tests owing to porosity loss with increasing effective stress in the highly permeable sandy sediment after hydrate dissociation. The apparent minimal changes in porosity and permeability during the tests were due to the low-clay content and low compressibility of the quartz sand grains in the recovered cores. X-ray powder diffraction and thermal conductivity analysis also suggested a high quartz content for the analyzed samples.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104748","usgsCitation":"Yoneda, J., Jin, Y., Muraoka, M., Oshima, M., Suzuki, K., Walker, M., Donald Westacott, Otsuki, S., Kumagai, K., Collett, T., Boswell, R., and Okinaka, N., 2021, Multiple physical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments recovered from Alaska North Slope 2018 Hydrate-01 Stratigraphic Test Well: Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 123, 104748, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104748.","productDescription":"104748, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120701","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382577,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -167.34375,\n 68.30190453001559\n ],\n [\n -164.00390625,\n 67.20403234340081\n ],\n [\n -140.5810546875,\n 67.20403234340081\n ],\n [\n -140.4931640625,\n 70.17020068549206\n ],\n [\n -157.58789062499997,\n 71.56664127895979\n ],\n [\n -162.3779296875,\n 70.81581215931348\n ],\n [\n -167.34375,\n 68.30190453001559\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"123","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yoneda, Jun","contributorId":240073,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yoneda","given":"Jun","affiliations":[{"id":40273,"text":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jin, Yusuke","contributorId":248422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jin","given":"Yusuke","affiliations":[{"id":49900,"text":"National Institute of 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Satoshi","contributorId":240051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Otsuki","given":"Satoshi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17917,"text":"Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kumagai, Kenichi","contributorId":240052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumagai","given":"Kenichi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17917,"text":"Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Collett, Timothy 0000-0002-7598-4708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":220806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Boswell, Ray","contributorId":240053,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boswell","given":"Ray","affiliations":[{"id":40277,"text":"U.S. Department of Energy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Okinaka, Norihiro","contributorId":240054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Okinaka","given":"Norihiro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17917,"text":"Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70223113,"text":"70223113 - 2021 - Pheromone pollution from invasive sea lamprey misguides a native confamilial","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-11T12:57:15.745352","indexId":"70223113","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-21T07:56:03","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1362,"text":"Current Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pheromone pollution from invasive sea lamprey misguides a native confamilial","docAbstract":"Animals living in the Anthropocene search for mates facing a barrage of pollutants. Few studies consider pheromones from invasive species as pollution, but their central role in the lives of many animals indicates cross-reaction among historically allopatric relatives has potentially damaging impacts. We hypothesized the sex pheromone of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), an invasive fish in the Laurentian Great Lakes, misguides mate search in native chestnut lamprey (Ichthyomyzon castaneus). In a field test, 100 % of female I. castaneus chose male odourants from P. marinus over conspecifics. Chemical analysis of water in which males were held confirmed both species signal with 3-keto petromyzonol sulfate but revealed higher release rates in P. marinus. Our results indicate sex pheromones from invasive species can be an influential type of pollution and underscore the conservation implications of studies on pheromone evolution.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoaa064","usgsCitation":"Buchinger, T.J., Fissette, S.D., Huerta, B., Li, K., Johnson, N.S., and Li, W., 2021, Pheromone pollution from invasive sea lamprey misguides a native confamilial: Current Zoology, v. 67, no. 3, p. 333-335, https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoaa064.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"335","ipdsId":"IP-123584","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454353,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoaa064","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":387844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchinger, Tyler John","contributorId":192316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buchinger","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fissette, Skye D.","contributorId":150994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fissette","given":"Skye","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huerta, Belinda","contributorId":222210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huerta","given":"Belinda","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, Ke","contributorId":172267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Ke","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Li, Weiming","contributorId":126748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Weiming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70246307,"text":"70246307 - 2021 - Socio-technical scales in socio-environmental modeling: Managing a system-of-systems modeling approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-30T12:00:32.099758","indexId":"70246307","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-21T06:58:50","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1551,"text":"Environmental Modelling and Software","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Socio-technical scales in socio-environmental modeling: Managing a system-of-systems modeling approach","docAbstract":"

System-of-systems approaches for integrated assessments have become prevalent in recent years. Such approaches integrate a variety of models from different disciplines and modeling paradigms to represent a socio-environmental (or social-ecological) system aiming to holistically inform policy and decision-making processes. Central to the system-of-systems approaches is the representation of systems in a multi-tier framework with nested scales. Current modeling paradigms, however, have disciplinary-specific lineage, leading to inconsistencies in the conceptualization and integration of socio-environmental systems. In this paper, a multidisciplinary team of researchers, from engineering, natural and social sciences, have come together to detail socio-technical practices and challenges that arise in the consideration of scale throughout the socio-environmental modeling process. We identify key paths forward, focused on explicit consideration of scale and uncertainty, strengthening interdisciplinary communication, and improvement of the documentation process. We call for a grand vision (and commensurate funding) for holistic system-of-systems research that engages researchers, stakeholders, and policy makers in a multi-tiered process for the co-creation of knowledge and solutions to major socio-environmental problems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104885","usgsCitation":"Iwanaga, T., Wang, H., Hamilton, S., Grimm, V., Koralewski, T., Salado, A., Elsawah, S., Razavi, S., Yang, J., Glynn, P.D., Badham, J., Voinov, A., Chen, M., Grant, W., Peterson, T., Frank, K., Shenk, G.W., Barton, C.M., Jakeman, A.J., and Little, J.C., 2021, Socio-technical scales in socio-environmental modeling: Managing a system-of-systems modeling approach: Environmental Modelling and Software, v. 135, 104885, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104885.","productDescription":"104885, 19 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122011","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104885","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":418653,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iwanaga, Takuya","contributorId":248838,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iwanaga","given":"Takuya","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50040,"text":"Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Hsiao-Hsuan","contributorId":315514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Hsiao-Hsuan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68345,"text":"Texas A&M U.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hamilton, Serena","contributorId":173853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamilton","given":"Serena","affiliations":[{"id":17939,"text":"The Australian National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grimm, Volker","contributorId":224014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grimm","given":"Volker","affiliations":[{"id":26949,"text":"Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koralewski, Tomasz","contributorId":315515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koralewski","given":"Tomasz","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68345,"text":"Texas A&M U.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Salado, Alejandro","contributorId":315516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salado","given":"Alejandro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51514,"text":"Virginia Tech U.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Elsawah, Sondoss 0000-0002-3485-9548","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3485-9548","contributorId":257965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elsawah","given":"Sondoss","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52186,"text":"Capability Systems Centre, University of New South Wales Canberra, ACT, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Razavi, Saman","contributorId":315517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Razavi","given":"Saman","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13248,"text":"University of Saskatchewan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Yang, Jing","contributorId":192311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Jing","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Glynn, Pierre D. 0000-0001-8804-7003 pglynn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7003","contributorId":2141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glynn","given":"Pierre","email":"pglynn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":876733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Badham, Jennifer","contributorId":248836,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Badham","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50038,"text":"Queens University, Belfast BT9 7BK, United Kingdom","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Voinov, Alexey","contributorId":191330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voinov","given":"Alexey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":876735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Chen, Mingshu","contributorId":220088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Mingshu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37968,"text":"Sun Yat-Sen University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Grant, William","contributorId":315518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grant","given":"William","affiliations":[{"id":68345,"text":"Texas A&M U.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Peterson, Tarla","contributorId":315519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Tarla","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":68346,"text":"University of Texas El Paso","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Frank, Karin 0000-0002-2769-0692","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2769-0692","contributorId":202616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frank","given":"Karin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36494,"text":"UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Shenk, Gary W. 0000-0001-6451-2513","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6451-2513","contributorId":225440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shenk","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":876740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Barton, C. Michael","contributorId":315520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barton","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":68347,"text":"Center for Social Dynamics & Complexity, ASU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Jakeman, Anthony J. 0000-0001-5282-2215","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-2215","contributorId":173848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jakeman","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17939,"text":"The Australian National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Little, John C.","contributorId":315521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Little","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":51514,"text":"Virginia Tech U.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":876743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}} ,{"id":70215610,"text":"70215610 - 2021 - Material failure and caldera collapse: Insights from the 2018 Kilauea eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-26T14:57:35.936877","indexId":"70215610","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-20T09:55:22","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Material failure and caldera collapse: Insights from the 2018 Kilauea eruption","docAbstract":"

The Failure Forecast Method (FFM) was introduced as an empirical model for forecasting catastrophic material failures related to natural hazards, such as landslides and volcanic eruptions, with mixed success. During the 2018 eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, the draining of the summit magma reservoir into the Lower East Rift Zone resulted in the formation of a new caldera at the summit. I tested the applicability of the FFM to caldera collapse by analyzing the cyclical earthquake swarms and ground deformation that occurred between 62 sudden major caldera collapse events. The progression of both the cumulative moment release of the cyclical earthquakes and the GNSS displacement show a major change in mid-June. In late May through early June, the progression of the parameters is consistent with strain localization or creep progression related to the development or activation of the ring fault system. From late June until the end of the eruption, parameter progression is roughly steady with initial accelerating increases in cumulative moment and displacement that shift to approximately linear progression. Analysis of repeating earthquake families in the cyclical swarms showed that the behavior of the repeaters was consistent with that of the cyclical swarms as a whole and suggested that each family undergoes its own progression of activation to termination. While the FFM analysis identified the system change in mid-June, it did not demonstrate an ability to forecast collapse events or the end of the eruption.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116621","usgsCitation":"Tepp, G., 2021, Material failure and caldera collapse: Insights from the 2018 Kilauea eruption: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 553, 116621, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116621.","productDescription":"116621, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117073","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379760,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.31063079833984,\n 19.40410667550916\n ],\n [\n -155.2869415283203,\n 19.39180098837034\n ],\n [\n -155.2313232421875,\n 19.39180098837034\n ],\n [\n -155.23921966552734,\n 19.440046902565864\n ],\n [\n -155.2869415283203,\n 19.44490308013705\n ],\n [\n -155.31063079833984,\n 19.40410667550916\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"553","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tepp, Gabrielle 0000-0001-5388-5138","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-5138","contributorId":206305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tepp","given":"Gabrielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":802962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70223095,"text":"70223095 - 2021 - Tall building performance-based seismic design using SCEC broadband platform site-specific ground motion simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-11T15:17:46.608803","indexId":"70223095","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-20T09:41:08","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1434,"text":"Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tall building performance-based seismic design using SCEC broadband platform site-specific ground motion simulations","docAbstract":"

The scarcity of strong ground motion records presents a challenge for making reliable performance assessments of tall buildings whose seismic design is controlled by large-magnitude and close-distance earthquakes. This challenge can be addressed using broadband ground-motion simulation methods to generate records with site-specific characteristics of large-magnitude events. In this paper, simulated site-specific earthquake seismograms, developed through a related project that was organized through the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) Ground Motion Simulation Validation (GMSV) Technical Activity Group, are used for nonlinear response history analyses of two archetype tall buildings for sites in San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Bernardino. The SCEC GMSV team created the seismograms using the Broadband Platform (BBP) simulations for five site-specific earthquake scenarios. The two buildings are evaluated using nonlinear dynamic analyses under comparable record suites selected from the simulated BBP catalog and recorded motions from the NGA-West database. The collapse risks and structural response demands (maximum story drift ratio, peak floor acceleration, and maximum story shear) under the BBP and NGA suites are compared. In general, this study finds that use of the BBP simulations resolves concerns about estimation biases in structural response analysis which are caused by ground motion scaling, unrealistic spectral shapes, and overconservative spectral variations. While there are remaining concerns that strong coherence in some kinematic fault rupture models may lead to an overestimation of velocity pulse effects in the BBP simulations, the simulations are shown to generally yield realistic pulse-like features of near-fault ground motion records.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eqe.3364","usgsCitation":"Zhong, K., Lin, T., Deierlein, G., Graves, R., Silva, F., and Luco, N., 2021, Tall building performance-based seismic design using SCEC broadband platform site-specific ground motion simulations: Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, v. 50, no. 1, p. 81-98, https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3364.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"98","ipdsId":"IP-119067","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454358,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2346/88059","text":"External Repository"},{"id":387857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Los Angeles, San Bernardino, San Francisco","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.39790916442873,\n 37.78178983833927\n ],\n [\n -122.3886823654175,\n 37.78178983833927\n ],\n [\n -122.3886823654175,\n 37.78921753609959\n ],\n [\n -122.39790916442873,\n 37.78921753609959\n ],\n [\n -122.39790916442873,\n 37.78178983833927\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.26359510421753,\n 34.05214385256302\n ],\n [\n -118.25709342956542,\n 34.05214385256302\n ],\n [\n -118.25709342956542,\n 34.0581704783008\n ],\n [\n -118.26359510421753,\n 34.0581704783008\n ],\n [\n -118.26359510421753,\n 34.05214385256302\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.29613304138182,\n 34.09673784258847\n ],\n [\n -117.27553367614746,\n 34.09673784258847\n ],\n [\n -117.27553367614746,\n 34.11812893261633\n ],\n [\n -117.29613304138182,\n 34.11812893261633\n ],\n [\n -117.29613304138182,\n 34.09673784258847\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhong, Kuanshi","contributorId":264127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhong","given":"Kuanshi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lin, Ting","contributorId":264128,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Ting","affiliations":[{"id":36331,"text":"Texas Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deierlein, Greg","contributorId":264129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deierlein","given":"Greg","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graves, Robert 0000-0001-9758-453X rwgraves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-453X","contributorId":140738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Robert","email":"rwgraves@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Silva, Fabio","contributorId":264130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silva","given":"Fabio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54387,"text":"SCEC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":820932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Luco, Nico 0000-0002-5763-9847 nluco@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-9847","contributorId":145730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"Nico","email":"nluco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":820933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70229080,"text":"70229080 - 2021 - Balancing transferability and complexity of species distribution models for rare species conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-28T15:12:14.941976","indexId":"70229080","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-20T09:07:03","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Balancing transferability and complexity of species distribution models for rare species conservation","docAbstract":"

Aim

Species distribution models (SDMs) are valuable for rare species conservation and are commonly used to extrapolate predictions of habitat suitability geographically to regions where species occurrence is unknown (i.e., transferability). Spatially structured cross-validation can be used to infer transferability, yet, few studies have evaluated how delineation of cross-validation folds affects model complexity and predictions. We developed SDMs using multiple cross-validation approaches to understand the implications for predicting habitat suitability for northern Idaho ground squirrels, a rare, federally threatened species that has been extensively surveyed in regions where known populations occur, resulting in >8000 presence locations.

Location

Idaho, USA.

Methods

We delineated cross-validation folds by mimicking the manner in which predictions would be geographically extrapolated or by using existing dispersal barriers. We varied the distance between, number, and directionality of folds. We conducted a grid search on statistical regularization parameters to optimize model complexity, covering a range of values exceeding that typically implemented. For each cross-validation approach, we selected optimal regularization and model complexity based on out-of-sample predictive ability.

Results

Delineation of cross-validation folds substantially affected resulting model complexity and extrapolated predictions. All cross-validation approaches resulted in models with apparently high out-of-sample predictive ability, yet optimal model complexity varied substantially among the approaches. Regularization demonstrated a noisy relationship between model complexity and prediction, where local optima in predictive performance were common at small values.

Main conclusion

Subtle modelling decisions can have large consequences for predictions of habitat suitability and transferability of SDMs. When transferability is the goal, cross-validation approaches should be considered carefully and mimic the manner in which spatial extrapolation will occur, else overly complex models with inflated assessments of predictive accuracy may result. Further, spatially structured cross-validation may not guard against over-parameterization, and assessing a broader range of regularization parameters may be necessary to optimize model complexity for transferability.

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Nolan A.","contributorId":287004,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helmstetter","given":"Nolan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39599,"text":"ui","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, Courtney J. 0000-0003-0492-2953 cconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-2953","contributorId":2951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Courtney","email":"cconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":836428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stevens, Bryan S.","contributorId":171809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stevens","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goldberg, Amanda R.","contributorId":280029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Amanda R.","affiliations":[{"id":39599,"text":"ui","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70216803,"text":"70216803 - 2021 - Hydrodynamics drive pelagic communities and food web structure in a tidal environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-14T11:50:56.006245","indexId":"70216803","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-20T07:38:23","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2088,"text":"International Review of Hydrobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrodynamics drive pelagic communities and food web structure in a tidal environment","docAbstract":"

Hydrodynamic processes can lead to the accumulation and/or dispersal of water column constituents, including sediment, phytoplankton, and particulate detritus. Using a combination of field observations and stable isotope tracing tools, we identified how hydrodynamic processes influenced physical habitat, pelagic communities, and food web structure in a freshwater tidal system. The pelagic habitat of a terminal channel differed spatially, likely aligning with differences in hydrodynamics. Three zones that we classified by exchange with downstream habitat had distinct water quality characteristics, supported different densities of zooplankton and nekton, and exhibited disparate support from benthic and pelagic trophic pathways to pelagic consumers. Hydrodynamically driven zones and their emergent characteristics appeared sensitive to hydrology, as elevated runoff was correlated with a shift in hydrodynamic habitat and organismal distributions. The results of our study highlight the relationship between hydrodynamic processes, biological responses, and climate, and suggest that understanding the physical process can improve understanding of pelagic habitats and communities.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/iroh.202002063","usgsCitation":"Young, M.J., Feyrer, F.V., Stumpner, P., Violette, V.L., Patton, O., and Brown, L.R., 2021, Hydrodynamics drive pelagic communities and food web structure in a tidal environment: International Review of Hydrobiology, v. 106, no. 2, p. 69-85, https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.202002063.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"85","ipdsId":"IP-120317","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.202002063","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":382245,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.75872802734375,\n 38.017803980061124\n ],\n [\n -121.497802734375,\n 38.017803980061124\n ],\n [\n -121.497802734375,\n 38.59326051987162\n ],\n [\n -121.75872802734375,\n 38.59326051987162\n ],\n [\n -121.75872802734375,\n 38.017803980061124\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Young, Matthew J. 0000-0001-9306-6866 mjyoung@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9306-6866","contributorId":206255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Matthew","email":"mjyoung@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feyrer, Frederick V. 0000-0003-1253-2349 ffeyrer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1253-2349","contributorId":178379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feyrer","given":"Frederick","email":"ffeyrer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stumpner, Paul 0000-0002-0933-7895 pstump@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0933-7895","contributorId":5667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumpner","given":"Paul","email":"pstump@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Violette, Veronica L. 0000-0002-7390-4655 vviolette@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7390-4655","contributorId":222824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Violette","given":"Veronica","email":"vviolette@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Patton, Oliver 0000-0002-2911-7718","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2911-7718","contributorId":218217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patton","given":"Oliver","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":806333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70220102,"text":"70220102 - 2021 - Summer runoff generation in foothill catchments of the Colorado Front Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-21T12:06:38.659758","indexId":"70220102","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-20T06:54:35","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summer runoff generation in foothill catchments of the Colorado Front Range","docAbstract":"

Climatic shifts, disturbances, and land-use change can alter hydrologic flowpaths, water quality, and water supply to downstream communities. Prior research investigating streamflow generation processes in mountainous areas has largely focused on high-elevation alpine and subalpine catchments; less is known about these processes in lower-elevation foothills and montane catchments. In these lower-elevation ecoregions, precipitation shifts seasonally from snow to rain, which can result in differing seasonal flowpaths. We analyzed stream water for electrical conductivity, SiO2, Ca, Mg, Na, Cl, SO4, K, and dissolved organic carbon on both a weekly and storm event basis from April to August 2018 in three small (<10 km2) foothill catchments, and one larger (63.2 km2) catchment extending from the foothills to the subalpine ecoregions, in the Colorado Front Range. Using two end-member hydrograph separations and concentration-runoff relationships, we inferred the dominant catchment-scale flowpaths of precipitation to the streams. We selected catchments with varying land use to investigate the relationship between these characteristics and hydrologic flowpaths. We observed that concentrations of lithogenic constituents generally increased and dissolved organic carbon decreased as seasonal runoff decreased in the three foothill catchments, reflecting a transition from shallow subsurface flowpaths to deeper subsurface flowpaths. Elevated SO4 and Cl concentrations during low-flow periods in two of our catchments suggest that historical or current anthropogenic activities, such as mining, application of road salt, and/or near-stream septic systems, affect local stream and groundwater chemistry. In a foothill catchment with anthropogenic and geologic impervious surfaces, streamflow during storm responses was sourced from faster, surficial flowpaths compared to a less disturbed neighboring catchment, highlighting the influence of anthropogenic land-use on runoff generation. This study provides insight into the fundamental hydrology of foothill catchments and how they may function in the future with human development, precipitation shifts and disturbances.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125672","usgsCitation":"Bukoski, I.S., Murphy, S.F., Birch, A.L., and Barnard, H.R., 2021, Summer runoff generation in foothill catchments of the Colorado Front Range: Journal of Hydrology, v. 595, 125672, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125672.","productDescription":"125672, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117845","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125672","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":385217,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.083984375,\n 39.757879992021756\n ],\n [\n -104.765625,\n 39.757879992021756\n ],\n [\n -104.765625,\n 40.212440718286466\n ],\n [\n -106.083984375,\n 40.212440718286466\n ],\n [\n -106.083984375,\n 39.757879992021756\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"595","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bukoski, Isaac S.","contributorId":257521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bukoski","given":"Isaac","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36621,"text":"University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murphy, Sheila F. 0000-0002-5481-3635 sfmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-3635","contributorId":1854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sheila","email":"sfmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birch, Andrew L.","contributorId":257522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birch","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36621,"text":"University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barnard, Holly R.","contributorId":257523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnard","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36621,"text":"University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70215734,"text":"70215734 - 2021 - Seabird‐induced natural mortality of forage fish varies with fish abundance: Evidence from five ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-05T21:26:22.505609","indexId":"70215734","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-19T08:04:48","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1652,"text":"Fish and Fisheries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seabird‐induced natural mortality of forage fish varies with fish abundance: Evidence from five ecosystems","docAbstract":"

Forage fish populations often undergo large and rapid fluctuations in abundance. However, most of their predators are buffered against such fluctuations owing to their slower pace of life, which allows them to maintain more stable populations, at least during short periods of food scarcity. In this study, we investigated top‐down processes exerted by seabirds on forage fish stocks in five contrasted marine ecosystems, compiling numerous data sets on seabird counts, diets, energetic needs and prey energy content and abundance. Off Norway, South Africa, Peru, Sweden and Scotland, we found that predation pressure—estimated as the proportion of a fish stock consumed by seabirds—was generally low (median = 1%), but increased sharply at low levels of prey abundance. When prey biomass decreased below 15–18% of its maximum recorded value, predation by seabirds became a source of important additional pressure on prey stocks (~20% of prey biomass is consumed by seabirds). An earlier empirical study advocated for keeping forage stocks from falling below a threshold of 33% of long‐term maximum prey biomass in order to safeguard seabird breeding success, but here we further suggest that a threshold of 18% should be considered as a limit not to be exceeded for the sake of the forage fish themselves, and below which extra cautious management of fisheries may be required. Nevertheless, despite exceptionally high rates of predation on some occasions, predation pressure was not correlated with prey dynamics, suggesting an absence of prey entrapment due to seabirds alone in these five ecosystems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/faf.12517","usgsCitation":"Saraux, C., Sydeman, W.J., Piatt, J., Anker-Nilssen, T., Hentati-Sundberg, J., Bertrand, S., Cury, P.M., Furness, R.W., Miller, J.A., Österblom, H., Passuni, G., Roux, J., Shannon, L., and Crawford, R.J., 2021, Seabird‐induced natural mortality of forage fish varies with fish abundance: Evidence from five ecosystems: Fish and Fisheries, v. 22, no. 2, p. 262-279, https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12517.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"262","endPage":"279","ipdsId":"IP-114264","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454363,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal.science/hal-02985435","text":"External 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F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":803214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anker-Nilssen, Tycho","contributorId":50375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anker-Nilssen","given":"Tycho","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas","contributorId":244055,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hentati-Sundberg","given":"Jonas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12666,"text":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bertrand, Sophie","contributorId":172071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bertrand","given":"Sophie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cury, Philippe M.","contributorId":68986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cury","given":"Philippe","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Furness, Robert W.","contributorId":86588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Furness","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12473,"text":"University of Glasgow","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Miller, James A.","contributorId":49772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Österblom, Henrik","contributorId":244060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Österblom","given":"Henrik","affiliations":[{"id":24562,"text":"Stockholm University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Passuni, Giannina","contributorId":244061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Passuni","given":"Giannina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48822,"text":"University of Hamburg, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Roux, Jean-Paul","contributorId":47194,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roux","given":"Jean-Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Shannon, Lynne","contributorId":103896,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shannon","given":"Lynne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":803224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Crawford, Robert J.M.","contributorId":244064,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crawford","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.M.","affiliations":[{"id":48826,"text":"Dept. of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":803225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70216567,"text":"70216567 - 2021 - Artificial nightlight alters the predator-prey dynamics of an apex carnivore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-04T00:03:38.074751","indexId":"70216567","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-18T09:01:59","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Artificial nightlight alters the predator-prey dynamics of an apex carnivore","docAbstract":"

Artificial nightlight is increasingly recognized as an important environmental disturbance that influences the habitats and fitness of numerous species. However, its effects on wide‐ranging vertebrates and their interactions remain unclear. Light pollution has the potential to amplify land‐use change, and as such, answering the question of how this sensory stimulant affects behavior and habitat use of species valued for their ecological roles and economic impacts is critical for conservation and land‐use planning. Here, we combined satellite‐derived estimates of light pollution, with GPS‐data from cougars Puma concolor (n = 56), mule deer Odocoileus hemionus (n = 263) and locations of cougar‐killed deer (n = 1562 carcasses), to assess the effects of light exposure on mammal behavior and predator–prey relationships across wildland–urban gradients in the southwestern United States. Our results indicate that deer used the anthropogenic environments to access forage and were more active at night than their wildland conspecifics. Despite higher nightlight levels, cougars killed deer at the wildland–urban interface, but hunted them in the relatively darkest locations. Light had the greatest effect of all covariates on where cougars killed deer at the wildland–urban interface. Both species exhibited functional responses to light pollution at fine scales; individual cougars and deer with less light exposure increasingly avoided illuminated areas when exposed to greater radiance, whereas deer living in the wildland–urban interface selected elevated light levels. We conclude that integrating estimates of light pollution into ecological studies provides crucial insights into how the dynamic human footprint can alter animal behavior and ecosystem function across spatial scales.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ecog.05251","usgsCitation":"Ditmer, M.A., Stoner, D.C., Francis, C.D., Barber, J.R., Forester, J.D., Choate, D.M., Ironside, K.E., Longshore, K., Hersey, K.R., Larson, R.T., McMillan, B., Olson, D., Andreasen, A.M., Beckmann, J., Holton, B.P., Messmer, T., and Carter, N., 2021, Artificial nightlight alters the predator-prey dynamics of an apex carnivore: Ecography, v. 44, no. 2, p. 1492-161, https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.05251.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1492","endPage":"161","ipdsId":"IP-121575","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.05251","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380780,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, 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T.","contributorId":245209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Larson","given":"Randy","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6681,"text":"Brigham Young University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"McMillan, Brock R.","contributorId":245210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMillan","given":"Brock R.","affiliations":[{"id":6681,"text":"Brigham Young University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Olson, Daniel","contributorId":171438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":12682,"text":"Utah State University, Logan, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Andreasen, Alyson M.","contributorId":245211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andreasen","given":"Alyson","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Beckmann, Jon P.","contributorId":73098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beckmann","given":"Jon P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Holton, Brandon P.","contributorId":245212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holton","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":49123,"text":"NPS - Grand Canyon National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Carter, Neil H.","contributorId":245214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carter","given":"Neil H.","affiliations":[{"id":37387,"text":"University of Michigan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Messmer, Terry A.","contributorId":245213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Messmer","given":"Terry A.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70219196,"text":"70219196 - 2021 - Signatures of hydrologic function across the critical zone observatory network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-30T12:05:44.485187","indexId":"70219196","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-18T06:50:52","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Signatures of hydrologic function across the critical zone observatory network","docAbstract":"

Despite a multitude of small catchment studies, we lack a deep understanding of how variations in critical zone architecture lead to variations in hydrologic states and fluxes. This study characterizes hydrologic dynamics of 15 catchments of the U.S. Critical Zone Observatory (CZO) network where we hypothesized that our understanding of subsurface structure would illuminate patterns of hydrologic partitioning. The CZOs collect data sets that characterize the physical, chemical, and biological architecture of the subsurface, while also monitoring hydrologic fluxes such as streamflow, precipitation, and evapotranspiration. For the first time, we collate time series of hydrologic variables across the CZO network and begin the process of examining hydrologic signatures across sites. We find that catchments with low baseflow indices and high runoff sensitivity to storage receive most of their precipitation as rain and contain clay‐rich regolith profiles, prominent argillic horizons, and/or anthropogenic modifications. In contrast, sites with high baseflow indices and low runoff sensitivity to storage receive the majority of precipitation as snow and have more permeable regolith profiles. The seasonal variability of water balance components is a key control on the dynamic range of hydraulically connected water in the critical zone. These findings lead us to posit that water balance partitioning and streamflow hydraulics are linked through the coevolution of critical zone architecture but that much work remains to parse these controls out quantitatively.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2019WR026635","usgsCitation":"Wlostowski, A.N., Molotch, N.P., Anderson, S.P., Brantley, S.L., Chorover, J., Dralle, D., Kumar, P., Li, L., Lohse, K.A., Mallard, J., McIntosh, J.C., Murphy, S.F., Parrish, E., Safeeq, M., Seyfried, M., Shi, Y., and Harman, C., 2021, Signatures of hydrologic function across the critical zone observatory network: Water Resources Research, v. 57, no. 3, e2019WR026635, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR026635.","productDescription":"e2019WR026635, 28 p.","ipdsId":"IP-117846","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454369,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2019wr026635","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384750,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"57","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wlostowski, Adam N. 0000-0001-5703-9916","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5703-9916","contributorId":191365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wlostowski","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Molotch, Noah P. 0000-0003-4733-8060","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-8060","contributorId":203466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Molotch","given":"Noah","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36627,"text":"University of Colorado, Boulder","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Suzanne P. 0000-0002-6796-6649","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6796-6649","contributorId":172732,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Suzanne","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brantley, Susan L. 0000-0003-4320-2342","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4320-2342","contributorId":184201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brantley","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chorover, Jon 0000-0001-9497-0195","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9497-0195","contributorId":139472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chorover","given":"Jon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dralle, David 0000-0002-1944-2103","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1944-2103","contributorId":256752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dralle","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13243,"text":"University of California Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kumar, Praveen 0000-0002-4787-0308","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-0308","contributorId":256753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumar","given":"Praveen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36403,"text":"University of Illinois","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Li, Li 0000-0002-1641-3710","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1641-3710","contributorId":197290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Li","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lohse, Kathleen A. 0000-0003-1779-6773","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1779-6773","contributorId":196995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lohse","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mallard, John 0000-0002-0494-9024","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0494-9024","contributorId":256757,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mallard","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"McIntosh, Jennifer C. 0000-0001-5055-4202","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-4202","contributorId":150557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntosh","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Murphy, Sheila F. 0000-0002-5481-3635 sfmurphy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-3635","contributorId":1854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sheila","email":"sfmurphy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Parrish, Eric","contributorId":256760,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parrish","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36621,"text":"University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Safeeq, Mohammad 0000-0003-0529-3925","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0529-3925","contributorId":77814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Safeeq","given":"Mohammad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6641,"text":"University of California at Merced","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Seyfried, Mark 0000-0001-8081-0713","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8081-0713","contributorId":256763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seyfried","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51849,"text":"United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Shi, Yuning 0000-0003-0118-5847","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0118-5847","contributorId":256765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shi","given":"Yuning","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7260,"text":"Pennsylvania State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Harman, Ciaran 0000-0002-3185-002X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3185-002X","contributorId":242780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harman","given":"Ciaran","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48526,"text":"Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70254939,"text":"70254939 - 2021 - Hierarchical computing for hierarchical models in ecology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-12T00:14:56.560958","indexId":"70254939","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-17T19:13:15","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"title":"Hierarchical computing for hierarchical models in ecology","docAbstract":"
  1. Bayesian hierarchical models allow ecologists to account for uncertainty and make inference at multiple scales. However, hierarchical models are often computationally intensive to fit, especially with large datasets, and researchers face trade-offs between capturing ecological complexity in statistical models and implementing these models.
  2. We present a recursive Bayesian computing (RB) method that can be used to fit Bayesian models efficiently in sequential MCMC stages to ease computation and streamline hierarchical inference. We also introduce transformation-assisted RB (TARB) to create unsupervised MCMC algorithms and improve interpretability of parameters. We demonstrate TARB by fitting a hierarchical animal movement model to obtain inference about individual- and population-level migratory characteristics.
  3. Our recursive procedure reduced computation time for fitting our hierarchical movement model by half compared to fitting the model with a single MCMC algorithm. We obtained the same inference fitting our model using TARB as we obtained fitting the model with a single algorithm.
  4. For complex ecological statistical models, like those for animal movement, multi-species systems, or large spatial and temporal scales, the computational demands of fitting models with conventional computing techniques can limit model specification, thus hindering scientific discovery. Transformation-assisted RB is one of the most accessible methods for reducing these limitations, enabling us to implement new statistical models and advance our understanding of complex ecological phenomena.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/2041-210X.13513","usgsCitation":"McCaslin, H.M., Feuka, A.B., and Hooten, M., 2021, Hierarchical computing for hierarchical models in ecology, v. 12, no. 2, p. 245-254, https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13513.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"245","endPage":"254","ipdsId":"IP-119572","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454371,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.13513","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":429931,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-05","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCaslin, Hanna M.","contributorId":338082,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCaslin","given":"Hanna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feuka, Abigail B.","contributorId":338085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feuka","given":"Abigail","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":13606,"text":"CSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":902937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70216389,"text":"70216389 - 2021 - Landscape‐scale restoration minimizes tree growth vulnerability to 21st century drought in a dry forest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-05T21:33:01.861441","indexId":"70216389","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-17T08:39:28","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape‐scale restoration minimizes tree growth vulnerability to 21st century drought in a dry forest","docAbstract":"

Increasing aridity is a challenge for forest managers and reducing stand density to minimize competition is a recognized strategy to mitigate drought impacts on growth. In many dry forests, the most widespread and common forest management programs currently being implemented focus on restoration of historical stand structures, primarily to minimize fire risk and enhance watershed function. The implications of these restoration projects for drought vulnerability are not well understood. Here, we examined how planned restoration treatments in the Four Forests Restoration Initiative, the largest forest restoration project in the United States, would alter landscape‐scale patterns of forest growth and drought vulnerability throughout the 21st century. Using drought‐growth relationships developed within the landscape, we considered a suite of climate and treatment scenarios and estimated average forest growth and the proportion of years with extremely low growth as a measure of vulnerability to long‐term decline. Climatic shifts projected for this landscape include higher temperatures and shifting seasonal precipitation that promotes lower soil moisture availability in the early growing season and greater hot‐dry stress, conditions negatively associated with tree growth. However, drought severity and the magnitude of future growth declines was moderated by the thinning treatments. Compared to historical conditions, proportional growth in mid‐century declines by ~40% if thinning ceases or continues at the status quo pace. By comparison, proportional growth declines by only 20% if the Four Forest Restoration Initiative treatments are fully implemented, and < 10% if stands are thinned even more intensively than currently planned. Furthermore, restoration treatments resulted in dramatically fewer years with extremely low growth in the future, a recognized precursor to forest decline and eventual tree mortality. Benefits from density reduction for mitigating drought‐induced growth declines are more apparent in mid‐century and under RCP4.5 than under RCP8.5 at the end of the century. Future climate is inherently uncertain, and our results only reflect the climate projections from the representative suite of models examined. Nevertheless, these results indicate that forest restoration projects designed for other objectives also have substantial benefits for minimizing future drought vulnerability in dry forests and provide additional incentive to accelerate the pace of restoration.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/eap.2238","usgsCitation":"Bradford, J., Andrews, C.M., Robles, M.D., McCauley, L.A., Woolley, T., and Marshall, R., 2021, Landscape‐scale restoration minimizes tree growth vulnerability to 21st century drought in a dry forest: Ecological Applications, v. 31, no. 2, e2238, https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2238.","productDescription":"e2238","ipdsId":"IP-117116","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380502,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":219257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andrews, Caitlin M. 0000-0003-4593-1071 candrews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4593-1071","contributorId":192985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Caitlin","email":"candrews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":804858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robles, Marcos D.","contributorId":244893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robles","given":"Marcos","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":804863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCauley, Lisa A. lmccauley@usgs.gov","contributorId":5048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCauley","given":"Lisa","email":"lmccauley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":804864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Woolley, Travis","contributorId":222548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woolley","given":"Travis","affiliations":[{"id":40560,"text":"The Nature Conservancy Northern Arizona Program, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":804865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Marshall, Robert","contributorId":107292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":804866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70228515,"text":"70228515 - 2021 - Perspectives from natural resource professionals: Attitudes on lead ammunition risks and use of nonlead ammunition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-11T13:17:21.166901","indexId":"70228515","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-17T07:13:01","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5520,"text":"Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Perspectives from natural resource professionals: Attitudes on lead ammunition risks and use of nonlead ammunition","docAbstract":"

Hunting is a popular activity but continued use of lead ammunition poses risks to wildlife and human health. To inform adoption of the voluntary use of nonlead ammunition, natural resource professionals were surveyed to understand their attitudes about threats to bald eagles, lead poisoning in bald eagles, human health risks from lead bullet fragments in venison, use of nonlead hunting ammunition, and socio-economic nonlead ammunition factors. Differences were examined by hunter status, ammunition type used, and intentions to use nonlead ammunition. Of participants surveyed, 61.0% were hunters and 39.0% nonhunters, with 59.5% of hunters using lead ammunition and 40.5% using nonlead. Concurrently, 68.5% of hunters reported likely intentions to continue using nonlead or convert to nonlead in the future, while 31.5% reported nonlead use was unlikely. Also, some hunters currently using nonlead ammunition indicated they would unlikely continue using nonlead (17.8%). Nonhunters agreed more strongly than hunters regarding general mortality threats to bald eagles. Additionally, nonhunters, hunters using nonlead, and likely nonlead users more strongly agreed about threats of lead exposure to eagles than their counterparts. Nonhunters and likely nonlead users also more strongly agreed than hunters and unlikely nonlead users about the human health risks of lead ammunition and about shooting characteristics of nonlead. Finally, nonhunters and nonlead users agreed more strongly than their counterparts about the socio-economic factors of using nonlead ammunition. Understanding natural resource professional hunters’ attitudes may help with audience segmentation when designing future nonlead outreach messages.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jort.2020.100341","usgsCitation":"Schulz, J.H., Wilhelm Stanis, S.A., Morgan, M.G., Li, C.J., Hall, D.M., and Webb, E.B., 2021, Perspectives from natural resource professionals: Attitudes on lead ammunition risks and use of nonlead ammunition: Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, v. 33, 100341,11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2020.100341.","productDescription":"100341,11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-111629","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454375,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2020.100341","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":395841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schulz, John H.","contributorId":44082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulz","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilhelm Stanis, Sonja A.","contributorId":145937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilhelm Stanis","given":"Sonja","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morgan, M. Granger","contributorId":221625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morgan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Granger","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":834478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Li, Christine Jie","contributorId":272563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"Jie","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hall, Damon M.","contributorId":215880,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Damon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70221757,"text":"70221757 - 2021 - Tracking rates of postfire conifer regeneration vs. deciduous vegetation recovery across the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-01T12:24:30.74617","indexId":"70221757","displayToPublicDate":"2020-10-16T07:23:01","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking rates of postfire conifer regeneration vs. deciduous vegetation recovery across the western United States","docAbstract":"

Postfire shifts in vegetation composition will have broad ecological impacts. However, information characterizing postfire recovery patterns and their drivers are lacking over large spatial extents. In this analysis, we used Landsat imagery collected when snow cover (SCS) was present, in combination with growing season (GS) imagery, to distinguish evergreen vegetation from deciduous vegetation. We sought to (1) characterize patterns in the rate of postfire, dual-season Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) across the region, (2) relate remotely sensed patterns to field-measured patterns of re-vegetation, and (3) identify seasonally specific drivers of postfire rates of NDVI recovery. Rates of postfire NDVI recovery were calculated for both the GS and SCS for more than 12,500 burned points across the western United States. Points were partitioned into faster and slower rates of NDVI recovery using thresholds derived from field plot data (n = 230) and their associated rates of NDVI recovery. We found plots with conifer saplings had significantly higher SCS NDVI recovery rates relative to plots without conifer saplings, while plots with ≥50% grass/forbs/shrubs cover had significantly higher GS NDVI recovery rates relative to plots with <50%. GS rates of NDVI recovery were best predicted by burn severity and anomalies in postfire maximum temperature. SCS NDVI recovery rates were best explained by aridity and growing degree days. This study is the most extensive effort, to date, to track postfire forest recovery across the western United States. Isolating patterns and drivers of evergreen recovery from deciduous recovery will enable improved characterization of forest ecological condition across large spatial scales.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/eap.2237","usgsCitation":"Vanderhoof, M.K., Hawbaker, T., Ku, A.M., Merriam, K., Berryman, E., and Cattau, M., 2021, Tracking rates of postfire conifer regeneration vs. deciduous vegetation recovery across the western United States: Ecological Applications, v. 31, no. 2, e02237, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2237.","productDescription":"e02237, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-114863","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454378,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2237","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TD78FW","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data release for tracking rates of post-fire conifer regeneration distinct from deciduous vegetation recovery across the western U.S."},{"id":386915,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -126.21093749999999,\n 30.29701788337205\n ],\n [\n -100.37109375,\n 30.29701788337205\n ],\n [\n -100.37109375,\n 49.55372551347579\n ],\n [\n -126.21093749999999,\n 49.55372551347579\n ],\n [\n -126.21093749999999,\n 30.29701788337205\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-11-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vanderhoof, Melanie K. 0000-0002-0101-5533 mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-5533","contributorId":168395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vanderhoof","given":"Melanie","email":"mvanderhoof@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ku, Andrea Ming 0000-0003-1341-5988","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1341-5988","contributorId":260741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ku","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"Ming","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Merriam, Kyle","contributorId":260742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Merriam","given":"Kyle","affiliations":[{"id":7134,"text":"USFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Berryman, Erin","contributorId":260744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berryman","given":"Erin","affiliations":[{"id":36589,"text":"USDA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cattau, Megan","contributorId":260748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cattau","given":"Megan","affiliations":[{"id":52668,"text":"Boise State","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}