Whether dendroecological analyses could be used to detect changes in the relationship of tree growth to climate that might have resulted from chronic exposure to components of the acid rain-air pollution complex was determined. Tree-ring indices of white pine (Pinus strobus L.), eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Cart.), pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.), and chestnut oak (Quercus prinus L.) were regressed against orthogonally transformed values of temperature and precipitation in order to derive a response-function relationship. Results of the regression analyses for three time periods, 1901–1920, 1926–1945, and 1954–1973 suggest that the relationship of tree growth to climate has been altered. Statistical tests of the temperature and precipitation data suggest that this change was nonclimatic. Temporally, the shift in growth response appears to correspond with the suspected increase in acid rain and air pollution in the Shawangunk Mountain area of southeastern New York in the early 1950's. This change could be the result of physiological stress induced by components of the acid rain-air pollution complex, causing climatic conditions to be more limiting to tree growth.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alliance of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Science Societies ","doi":"10.2134/jeq1982.00472425001100030011x","usgsCitation":"Puckett, L., 1982, Acid rain, air pollution, and tree growth in southeastern New York: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 11, no. 3, p. 376-381, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1982.00472425001100030011x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"376","endPage":"381","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338329,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.19091796875,\n 43.34116005412307\n ],\n [\n -73.32275390625,\n 43.628123412124616\n ],\n [\n -77.431640625,\n 42.06560675405716\n ],\n [\n -75.3662109375,\n 41.95131994679697\n ],\n [\n -74.99267578125,\n 41.57436130598913\n ],\n [\n -73.828125,\n 40.96330795307353\n ],\n [\n -73.47656249999999,\n 41.32732632036622\n ],\n [\n -73.19091796875,\n 43.34116005412307\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d63042e4b05ec799131127","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Puckett, L.J.","contributorId":27503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Puckett","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011650,"text":"70011650 - 1982 - U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-23T14:46:03.094881","indexId":"70011650","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2501,"text":"Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Program","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Cooperative Water Resource Program is a partnership between the Geological Survey and State and local agencies for the collection of the hydrologic information needed for the continuing determination and evaluation of the quantity, quality, and use of the Nation's water resources. The first Cooperative Program was started in 1895; the Congress gave formal recognition to the partnership in 1928 and authorized Federal funding of not more than 50 percent for cooperative programs with the Geological Survey, with total funding over $80 million. The process of project selection in the Cooperative Water Resource Program is a mutual effort in which Geological Survey represents national interests, including the needs of other Federal agencies, and the cooperator represents State and local interests. The result is a balanced program that involves careful evaluation of needs, priorities, and resources. A number of typical examples of projects within the Cooperative Program are presented.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/JWRDDC.0000246","usgsCitation":"Buchanan, T., and Gilbert, B., 1982, U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Program: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, v. 108, no. WR1, p. 37-45, https://doi.org/10.1061/JWRDDC.0000246.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221454,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"108","issue":"WR1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bba66e4b08c986b328157","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchanan, T.J.","contributorId":38559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchanan","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilbert, B.K.","contributorId":32167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"B.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011346,"text":"70011346 - 1982 - Post-depositional alteration of titanomagnetite in a Miocene sandstone, south Texas (U.S.A.)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-12T23:20:24.905181","indexId":"70011346","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-depositional alteration of titanomagnetite in a Miocene sandstone, south Texas (U.S.A.)","docAbstract":"Petrographic and geochemical studies have yielded information on the time-space relationships of the post-depositional alteration of detrital titanomagnetite (Ti-mt) in fine- to medium-grained sandstone from unoriented core samples (taken below the water table at depths of 30–45 m) of the Miocene Catahoula Sandstone, south Texas. Aqueous sulfide introduced from sour gas reservoirs along a growth fault into part of the Catahoula shortly after deposition resulted in the replacement at the periphery of Ti-mt grains by iron disulfide (FeS2) minerals. Remnants of Ti-mt in cores of the partly sulfidized grains show no evidence of earlier hematitic oxidation. After sulfidization, part of the sandstone body was invaded by oxygenated groundwaters flowing down a shallowly inclined (1°) hydrologic gradient. The boundary between oxidized and reduced facies is clearly defined by the distribution of ferric and ferrous iron minerals, and the concentrations of Mo, U, and Se. In oxidized (light-red) strata that had not been previously subjected to sulfidic-reducing conditions but that are correlative with strata containing FeS2 minerals, Ti-mt has been partly to entirely replaced pseudomorphously by hematite to form martite. The absence of hematitic alteration of Ti-mt in the reduced facies is strong evidence that martite in the oxidized facies formed after deposition.
Unbiasing factors as a function of serial correlation, ρ, and sample size, n for the sample standard deviation of a lag one autoregressive model were generated by random number simulation. Monte Carlo experiments were used to compare the performance of several alternative methods for estimating the standard deviation σ of a lag one autoregressive model in terms of bias, root mean square error, probability of underestimation, and expected opportunity design loss. Three methods provided estimates of σ which were much less biased but had greater mean square errors than the usual estimate of σ: s = (1/(n - 1) ∑ (xi −x¯)2)½. The three methods may be briefly characterized as (1) a method using a maximum likelihood estimate of the unbiasing factor, (2) a method using an empirical Bayes estimate of the unbiasing factor, and (3) a robust nonparametric estimate of σ suggested by Quenouille. Because s tends to underestimate σ, its use as an estimate of a model parameter results in a tendency to underdesign. If underdesign losses are considered more serious than overdesign losses, then the choice of one of the less biased methods may be wise.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR018i005p01503","usgsCitation":"Tasker, G.D., and Gilroy, E.J., 1982, Comparison of estimators of standard deviation for hydrologic time series: Water Resources Research, v. 18, no. 5, p. 1503-1508, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR018i005p01503.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1503","endPage":"1508","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221166,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f862e4b0c8380cd4d077","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tasker, Gary D.","contributorId":83097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tasker","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilroy, Edward J.","contributorId":50524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilroy","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":360758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70174098,"text":"70174098 - 1982 - Hydrology of the surficial aquifer in the Floyd River Basin, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-30T14:39:37.835169","indexId":"70174098","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":148,"text":"Water Supply Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"12","title":"Hydrology of the surficial aquifer in the Floyd River Basin, Iowa","docAbstract":"The Floyd River basin was studied to provide water-resources Information for a typical surficial aquifer in northwest Iowa. Data collection included test drilling, water-level measurements, and chemical analyses of surface and ground water.
\nThe Floyd River basin drains 961 square miles of highly dissected to gently rolling topography. Major streams generally are flanked by flood plains underlain by uncemented sand and-gravel deposits.
\nMost of the basin is directly underlain by glacial drift of Pleistocene age which is In turn underlain by rocks of Cretaceous age. Sand-and-gravel deposits underlying the major flood plains and in buried bedrock channels within the drift comprise the surficial aquifer.
\nThe surficial aquifer ranges from 10 to 40 feet In thickness and averages about 20 feet thick. Both unconfined and confined conditions occur in the aquifer and water levels range from 2 to 55 feet below land surface.
\nAn aquifer test conducted in the surficial aquifer where it is about 25 feet thick and is confined by an overlying low permeability bed Indicated an average hydraulic conductivity of 383 feet per day and a storage coefficient of 0.0001. The well was pumped at 650 gallons per minute for 43 hours. An observation well about 70 feet from the pumping well had a maximum drawdown of about 10 feet.
","language":"English","publisher":"State of Iowa","publisherLocation":"Des Moines, IA","usgsCitation":"Wahl, K., Meyer, M., and Karsten, R., 1982, Hydrology of the surficial aquifer in the Floyd River Basin, Iowa: Water Supply Bulletin 12, vii, 53 p.","productDescription":"vii, 53 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493179,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70174098/IGS_wsb_12.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.19 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":324477,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Floyd River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.40502929687499,\n 42.439674178149424\n ],\n [\n -96.40502929687499,\n 43.47086090917325\n ],\n [\n -95.6689453125,\n 43.47086090917325\n ],\n [\n -95.6689453125,\n 42.439674178149424\n ],\n [\n -96.40502929687499,\n 42.439674178149424\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57724e31e4b07657d1a8199e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wahl, K.D.","contributorId":167129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wahl","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, M.J.","contributorId":20959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karsten, R.A.","contributorId":51755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karsten","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70011625,"text":"70011625 - 1982 - Worth of geophysical data in natural- disaster- insurance rate setting.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-15T16:38:31.608254","indexId":"70011625","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5202,"text":"Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology","onlineIssn":"1558-8432","printIssn":"1558-8424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Worth of geophysical data in natural- disaster- insurance rate setting.","docAbstract":"Insurance firms that offer natural-disaster insurance base their rates on available information. The benefits from collecting additional data and incorporating this information to improve parameter estimates of probability distributions that are used to characterize natural-disaster events can be determined by computing changes in premiums as a function of additional data. Specifically, the worth of data can be measured by changes in consumer's surplus (the widely applied measure of benefits to consumers used in benefit-cost analysis) brought about when the premiums are adjusted. In this paper, a formal model of the process for setting insurance rates is hypothesized in which the insurance firm sets rates so as to trade off penalties of overestimation and underestimation of expected damages estimated from currently available hydrologic data. A Bayesian preposterior analysis is performed which permits the determination of the expected benefits of collecting additional geophysical data by examining the changes in expected premium rates as a function of the longer record before the data are actually collected. An estimate of the expected benefits associated with collecting more data for the representative consumer is computed using an assumed demand function for insurance. In addition, a sensitivity analysis of expected benefits to changes in insurance demand and firm rate-setting procedures is carried out. From these results, conclusions are drawn regarding aggregate benefits to all flood insurance purchasers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<0453:WOGDIN>2.0.CO;2","issn":"08948763","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., and Karlinger, M., 1982, Worth of geophysical data in natural- disaster- insurance rate setting.: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, v. 21, no. 4, p. 453-460, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<0453:WOGDIN>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"453","endPage":"460","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480275,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<0453:wogdin>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":221057,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd1dce4b08c986b32f5b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, E. D. 0000-0001-6845-7160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":107672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"E.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karlinger, M.R.","contributorId":95039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlinger","given":"M.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011799,"text":"70011799 - 1982 - Hydrologic inferences from ring widths of flood-damaged trees, Potomac River, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:32","indexId":"70011799","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic inferences from ring widths of flood-damaged trees, Potomac River, Maryland","docAbstract":"Year-to-year variability in the ring widths of trees on flood plains along two reaches of the Potomac River near Washington, D.C., seems in large part to be related to differences in flood-flow regimes. Trees directly exposed to high flood velocities are damaged more often than sheltered trees and thus exhibit more variable ring-width patterns. The ring-width variability of unsheltered trees on low levels of flood plains is greater than that of trees on high levels, indicating that variability values are positively correlated with flood frequency. Sheltered trees, however, have less variable ring-width patterns than those of unsheltered trees, and variability is not correlated with flood frequency. As a result, ring-width variations may be used to estimate the probability of flood damage along local channel reaches of a stream. Growth responses after hydrologic catastrophies in 1948 and 1972 indicate that rings of flood-plain trees can be used to document the occurrence and crest altitude of high-magnitude floods. ?? 1982 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF02380498","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Yanosky, T., 1982, Hydrologic inferences from ring widths of flood-damaged trees, Potomac River, Maryland: Environmental Geology, v. 4, no. 1, p. 43-52, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02380498.","startPage":"43","endPage":"52","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205075,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02380498"},{"id":220934,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3638e4b0c8380cd60535","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yanosky, T.M.","contributorId":42263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yanosky","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011451,"text":"70011451 - 1982 - Fate of acetone in water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-26T09:59:06","indexId":"70011451","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate of acetone in water","docAbstract":"The physical, chemical, and biological processes that might affect the concentration of acetone in water were investigated in laboratory studies. Processes considered included volatilization, adsorption by sediments, photodecomposition, bacterial degradation, and absorption by algae and molds. It was concluded that volatilization and bacterial degradation were the dominant processes determining the fate of acetone in streams and rivers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0045-6535(82)90114-X","issn":"00456535","usgsCitation":"Rathbun, R.E., Stephens, D.W., and Shultz, D., 1982, Fate of acetone in water: Chemosphere, v. 11, no. 11, p. 1097-1114, https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(82)90114-X.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1097","endPage":"1114","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":221525,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f10e4b0c8380cd53741","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rathbun, R. E.","contributorId":61796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephens, D. W.","contributorId":68335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shultz, D.J.","contributorId":60246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shultz","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":361146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70011406,"text":"70011406 - 1982 - Classification and hydrological characteristics of scree slope deposits in the northern Craigieburn Range, New Zealand.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-16T20:37:28","indexId":"70011406","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2343,"text":"Journal of Hydrology New Zealand","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Classification and hydrological characteristics of scree slope deposits in the northern Craigieburn Range, New Zealand.","docAbstract":"Slope deposits occurring beneath the surface layer of loose angular gravel on north Craigieburn Range scree slopes can be subdivided into three significantly different types. The wide range in physical characteristics of the slope deposits is mirrored by an equally wide range in hydrological characteristics. -from Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Hydrology New Zealand","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Pierson, T., 1982, Classification and hydrological characteristics of scree slope deposits in the northern Craigieburn Range, New Zealand.: Journal of Hydrology New Zealand, v. 21, no. 1, p. 34-60.","startPage":"34","endPage":"60","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220768,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f616e4b0c8380cd4c5ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierson, T.C. 0000-0001-9002-4273","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9002-4273","contributorId":41855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"T.C.","affiliations":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":361016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011812,"text":"70011812 - 1982 - The effect of sulfate on aluminum concentrations in natural waters: some stability relations in the system Al2O3-SO3-H2O at 298 K","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-09T19:51:33","indexId":"70011812","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effect of sulfate on aluminum concentrations in natural waters: some stability relations in the system Al2O3-SO3-H2O at 298 K","docAbstract":"While gibbsite and kaolinite solubilities usually regulate aluminum concentrations in natural waters, the presence of sulfate can dramatically alter these solubilities under acidic conditions, where other, less soluble minerals can control the aqueous geochemistry of aluminum. The likely candidates include alunogen, Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O, alunite, KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6, jurbanite, Al(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O, and basaluminite, Al4(SO4)(OH)10 · 5H2O. An examination of literature values shows that the log
Considerable evidence supports the conclusion that the formation of insoluble aluminum hydroxy-sulfate minerals may be the cause of sulfate retention in soils and sediments, as suggested by Adams and Rawajfih (1977), instead of adsorption.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(82)90168-5","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Nordstrom, D.K., 1982, The effect of sulfate on aluminum concentrations in natural waters: some stability relations in the system Al2O3-SO3-H2O at 298 K: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 46, no. 4, p. 681-692, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(82)90168-5.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"681","endPage":"692","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":221133,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bab50e4b08c986b322d6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":362014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70011793,"text":"70011793 - 1982 - Extreme fractionation of 234U 238U and 230Th 234U in spring waters, sediments, and fossils at the Pomme de Terre Valley, southwestern Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-18T14:38:18.446104","indexId":"70011793","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Extreme fractionation of 234U 238U and 230Th 234U in spring waters, sediments, and fossils at the Pomme de Terre Valley, southwestern Missouri","title":"Extreme fractionation of 234U 238U and 230Th 234U in spring waters, sediments, and fossils at the Pomme de Terre Valley, southwestern Missouri","docAbstract":"Isotopic fractionation as great as 1600% exists between 234U and 238U in spring waters, sediments, and fossils in the Pomme de Terre Valley, southwestern Missouri. The activity ratios of
The 1980 eruptions of Mount St. Helens in southeast Washington resulted in a pronounced effect on the surface and ground water resources of the state. In response to the volcanic activity, the U.S. Geological Survey intensified statewide surface and ground water sampling programs to determine the nature and magnitude of the volcanic-induced variations. Streams to the east of Mount St. Helens received the major ash fallout. Chemical effects were best noted in smaller streams sampled 60 to 70 miles northeast of Mount St. Helens. The chemical variations observed were pronounced but short lived. Sulfate and chloride increases in anionic composition were prevalent immediately following the eruption however, the original bicarbonate predominance was again attained within several days. Suspended iron and aluminum concentrations were similarly elevated during the period of greatest ash deposition (highest turbidity) however, the dissolved concentrations remained relatively constant. Depressions of pH were minor and short lived. Streams draining to the south, tributaries to the Columbia river, showed little observable changes in water chemistry. Streams draining to the west (Toutle river and its tributaries) were compositionally affected by the various volcanic activities. Chloride and sulfate anion percentage exceeded the bicarbonate percentage up to one month following the eruption period. Streams and lakes sampled in the immediate vicinity of Mount St. Helens, in addition to trace metals, contained organic compounds derived from decomposing wood buried in the debris deposits. This organic material may constitute a significant source of organic compounds to surface and ground water for some time to come.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Bonelli, J.E., Taylor, H.E., and Klein, J., 1982, Impact of Mount St. Helens eruption on hydrology and water quality: Technical Report N-8311538, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"264","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":342794,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.9425048828125,\n 45.71385093029221\n ],\n [\n -121.51702880859374,\n 45.71385093029221\n ],\n [\n -121.51702880859374,\n 46.69089949154197\n ],\n [\n -122.9425048828125,\n 46.69089949154197\n ],\n [\n -122.9425048828125,\n 45.71385093029221\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"594cd743e4b062508e3951f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonelli, J. E.","contributorId":35064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonelli","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":699776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Klein, J.M.","contributorId":44550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157457,"text":"70157457 - 1982 - Hydrology of Wisconsin wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-08T19:32:55","indexId":"70157457","displayToPublicDate":"1980-02-05T09:15:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5596,"text":"Wisconsin Geological & Natural History Survey Information Circular","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"40","title":"Hydrology of Wisconsin wetlands","docAbstract":"Data from 15 wetland study sites, supplemented by data from reconnaissance visits to 219 additional wetlands, were used to describe the hydrologic characteristics of Wisconsin wetlands and to suggest a simple hydrologic classification system. Wisconsin's wetlands OCCUf in depressions and on slopes. They may be in contact with ground water or totally surface-water supported. Hydrologically, wetlands may be classed as surface-water depression, surface-water slope, ground-water depression, or ground-water slope wetlands. Precipitation comprises more than half of the inflow to all but the ground-water slope wetlands, where ground water may provide as much as 90 percent of the inflow. Flood peaks may be as much as 80 percent lower in basins with much wetland area than in similar basins with little or no wetland area. Ground-water recharge appears to be less in basins with much wetland area than in basins with little or no wetland area. Wetlands retain sediment, and sediment loads in streams draining basins with much wetland area may be 90 percent lower than those in streams draining basins with little or no wetland area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wisconsin Geological & Natural History Survey","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with University of Wisconsin-Extension, Geological and Natural History Survey","usgsCitation":"Novitzki, R., 1982, Hydrology of Wisconsin wetlands: Wisconsin Geological & Natural History Survey Information Circular 40, v, 22 p.","productDescription":"v, 22 p.","numberOfPages":"29","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":308464,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350388,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wgnhs.uwex.edu/pubs/download_ic40/"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5603cd44e4b03bc34f544b12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Novitzki, R.P.","contributorId":73986,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novitzki","given":"R.P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047535,"text":"70047535 - 1981 - Hydrology and model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, north-central Kansas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":57097,"text":"ofr801024 - 1980 - Hydrology and Model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, North-Central Kansas","indexId":"ofr801024","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology and Model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, North-Central Kansas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70047535,"text":"70047535 - 1981 - Hydrology and model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, north-central Kansas","indexId":"70047535","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology and model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, north-central Kansas"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-08T15:10:13","indexId":"70047535","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T14:48:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":120,"text":"Irrigation Series","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"6","title":"Hydrology and model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, north-central Kansas","docAbstract":"The alluvial valley of the North Fork Solomon River is an important agricultural area. Reservoir releases diverted below Kirwin Dam are the principal source of irrigation water. During the 1970'S, severe water shortages occurred in Kirwin Reservoir and other nearby reservoirs as a result of an extended drought. Some evidence indicates that surface-water shortages may have been the result of a change in the rainfall-runoff relationship. Examination of the rainfall-runoff relationship shows no apparent trend from 1951 to 1968, but annual records from 1969 to 1976 indicate that deficient rainfall occurred during 6 of the 8 years.\n\nGround water from the alluvial aquifer underlying the river valley also is used extensively for irrigation. Utilization of ground water for irrigation greatly increased from about 200 acre-feet in 1955 to about 12,300 acre-feet in 1976. Part of the surface water diverted for irrigation has percolated downward into the aquifer raising the ground-water level. Ground-water storage in the aquifer increased from 230,000 acre-feet in 1946 to 275,000 acre-feet in 1976-77.\n\nA digital model was used to simulate the steady-state conditions in the aquifer prior to closure of Kirwin Dam. Model results indicated that precipitation was the major source of recharge to the aquifer. The effective recharge, or gain from precipitation minus evapotranspiration, was about 11,700 acre-feet per year. The major element of discharge from the aquifer was leakage to the river. The simulated net leakage (leakage to the river minus leakage from the river) was about 11,500 acre-feet per year. The simulated value is consistent with the estimated gain in base flow of the river within the area modeled.\n\nMeasurements of seepage used to determine gain and loss to the stream were made twice during 1976. Based on these measurements and on base-flow periods identified from hydrographs, it was estimated that the ground-water discharge to the stream has increased about 4,000 acre-feet per year from 1946 to 1976. During the same period, ground water withdrawn from the aquifer increased 12,100 acre-feet per year. Hydrographs of water levels in wells indicate some withdrawal from aquifer storage during 1976, possibly as a combined result of below-normal rainfall and greatly increased pumpage. The analysis of data is inconclusive as to whether the aquifer can sustain increased groundwater development. However, the analysis does indicate that the aquifer could sustain withdrawals at the 1976 rate for several consecutive years of drought similar to the 1976 conditions.","language":"English","publisher":"Kansas Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, Kansas","collaboration":"Prepared by the Kansas Geological Survey and the U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Jorgensen, D.G., and Stullken, L.E., 1981, Hydrology and model of North Fork Solomon River Valley, Kirwin Dam to Waconda Lake, north-central Kansas: Irrigation Series 6, viii, 34 p.; Maps: 2 Sheets.","productDescription":"viii, 34 p.; Maps: 2 Sheets","numberOfPages":"43","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276239,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70047535.png"},{"id":276238,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.kgs.ku.edu/Publications/Bulletins/IRR6/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"North Fork Solomon River Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -99.133333,39.466667 ], [ -99.133333,39.666667 ], [ -98.5,39.666667 ], [ -98.5,39.466667 ], [ -99.133333,39.466667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5204bdeee4b0403aa6262a61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jorgensen, Donald G.","contributorId":19537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgensen","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stullken, Lloyd E.","contributorId":60609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stullken","given":"Lloyd","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70043705,"text":"70043705 - 1981 - Hydrologic reconnaissance of the southern Great Salt Lake Desert and summary of the hydrology of west-central Utah","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":23103,"text":"ofr80445 - 1980 - Hydrologic reconnaissance of the southern Great Salt Lake Desert and summary of the hydrology of west-central Utah","indexId":"ofr80445","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrologic reconnaissance of the southern Great Salt Lake Desert and summary of the hydrology of west-central Utah"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70043705,"text":"70043705 - 1981 - Hydrologic reconnaissance of the southern Great Salt Lake Desert and summary of the hydrology of west-central Utah","indexId":"70043705","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrologic reconnaissance of the southern Great Salt Lake Desert and summary of the hydrology of west-central Utah"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T10:55:23","indexId":"70043705","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"71","title":"Hydrologic reconnaissance of the southern Great Salt Lake Desert and summary of the hydrology of west-central Utah","docAbstract":"This report is the last of 19 hydrologic reconnaissances of the basins in western Utah. The purposes of this series of studies are (1) to analyze available hydrologic data and describe the hydrologic system, (2) to evaluate existing and potential water-resources development, and (3) to identify additional studies that might be needed. Part 1 of this report gives an estimate of recharge and discharge, an estimate of the potential for water-resources development, and a statement on the quality of water in the southern Great Salt Lake Desert part of west-central Utah. Part 2 deals with the same aspects of west-central Utah as a whole. Part 2 also summarizes the evidence of interbasin ground-water flow in west-central Utah and presents a theory for the origin of the water discharged from Fish Springs.","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with The Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Gates, J., and Kruer, S.A., 1981, Hydrologic reconnaissance of the southern Great Salt Lake Desert and summary of the hydrology of west-central Utah: Technical Publication 71, Report: vi, 55 p.; 4 Plates: 15.71 x 30.64 inches or smaller.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 55 p.; 4 Plates: 15.71 x 30.64 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"61","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331991,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5124ad46e4b0b6328103b455","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gates, Joseph S.","contributorId":21647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gates","given":"Joseph S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kruer, Stacie A.","contributorId":51786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kruer","given":"Stacie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":474128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70039444,"text":"70039444 - 1981 - Water Resources Research October 1, 1979 - September 30, 1980: Summary statements of research activities by the Water Resources Division","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-04T01:01:57","indexId":"70039444","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T15:55:28","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":379,"text":"Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Water Resources Research October 1, 1979 - September 30, 1980: Summary statements of research activities by the Water Resources Division","docAbstract":"Research in the WRD had its beginnings in the late 1950's when the \"core research\" line item was added to the Congressional budget. Since this time the Federal program has grown from a \"basic sciences\" program to one that includes a broad spectrum of basic and applied scientific investigations. Water resources research in WRD includes the study of water in all its phases and uses the basic sciences of mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology, geology and engineering to gain a fundamental understanding of the processes that affect the movement of water and its chemical constituents through hydrologic systems. The basic knowledge and methodologies derived from water resources research are applicable not only to the solution of current problems associated with the Nation's water resources, but also to anticipated hydrologic issues.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70039444","collaboration":"Compiled by the Office of the Assistant Chief Hydrologist for Research and Technical Coordination, Water Resources Division","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1981, Water Resources Research October 1, 1979 - September 30, 1980: Summary statements of research activities by the Water Resources Division: Report, x, 233 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039444.","productDescription":"x, 233 p.","numberOfPages":"247","costCenters":[{"id":629,"text":"Water Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261584,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039444/report.pdf"},{"id":261585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039444/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc780e4b08c986b32c496","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70039034,"text":"70039034 - 1981 - United States Geological Survey Yearbook, fiscal year 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T16:36:34","indexId":"70039034","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T11:52:39","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":392,"text":"Yearbook","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"United States Geological Survey Yearbook, fiscal year 1980","docAbstract":"It is not very often that a single event is so overwhelming that it changes public perceptions of natural hazards for generations. Perhaps for the U.S. Geological Survey, the explosive volcanic activity of Mount St. Helens began such a change. After 101 years of careful science of the Earth's past and meticulous observations and assessments of the present, predictive earth science was in full public view. However vague and faint the glimpse of the future made possible by earth science, it was enough. Warnings were issued, thousands of lives were saved, and the age of real-time geology began. The Survey's basic mission has not changed, but the power of our analytical tools has increased by several orders of magnitude. The Survey's efforts to understand Earth processes and hydrologic principles continued with the collection, during fiscal year 1980, of valuable new data on the geologic origin and framework, seismicity, and mineral and energy resources of the United States. The Survey is also responsible for classification of the leasable minerals on Federal lands and the regulation of mineral exploration and development activities on Federal and Indian lands. As the principal earth science fact-gathering agency, the Survey provides information for sound decisionmaking by government and private industry. Industry uses the Survey's information in exploring for energy and minerals and improving their efforts to make development of energy and minerals compatible with environmental protection standards. Government uses the Survey's information in conducting leasing operations on public lands, in regulating the safe design and siting of nuclear plants, and in establishing guidelines for determining and locating areas that are subject to geologic hazards such as landslides, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions. The Yearbook reports a broad range of the Survey's accomplishments during the past fiscal year and provides an overview of future directions. Many of the topics covered will continue to be important natural resource and earth science issues of the 1980's.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70039034","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1981, United States Geological Survey Yearbook, fiscal year 1980: Yearbook, vi, 137 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039034.","productDescription":"vi, 137 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":261273,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039034/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"49.27 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":261274,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039034/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbc91e4b08c986b328cf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":43564,"text":"ofr811023 - 1981 - Hydrology and chemical quality of ground water in Kiowa County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-01T14:55:17","indexId":"ofr811023","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1023","title":"Hydrology and chemical quality of ground water in Kiowa County, Colorado","docAbstract":"Ground water is available in Kiowa County, Colo., in quantities suitable for municipal or irrigation uses from at least two aquifers, the Big Sandy-Rush Creek alluvial aquifer and the Ogallala aquifer. The Dakota Sandstone and the Cheyenne Sandstone Member of the Purgatoire Formation may provide marginally sufficient water for municipal or irrigation purposes. Whil e wells in parts of the Ogallala aquifer have shown significant water-level declines in recent years, the Dakota Sandstone and Cheyenne Sandstone Member of the Purgatoire Formation are virtually undeveloped in the county , primarily because of the depth to the top of these formations (500-1,00 feet). Where water is not available from the Big Sandy-Rush Creek and Ogallala aquifers in the county, supplies sufficient for domestic or stock use may be obtained from shallow wells in several minor aquifers. The quality of ground water in the county varies widely, but dissolved-solids concentrations are usually greater than 500 milligrams per liter, except in parts of the Ogallala aquifer. The water is generally very hard and sulfate concentrations are usually greater than 250 milligrams per liter, except in parts of the Ogallala aquifer. High concentrations of selenium (greater than 10 micrograms per liter) in three-fourths of the wells sampled and locally high concentrations of fluoride, nitrate, iron, and manganese limit the suitability of the ground water for municipal and domestic use. (USGS)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr811023","usgsCitation":"Mustard, M.H., and Cain, D., 1981, Hydrology and chemical quality of ground water in Kiowa County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1023, 2 Sheets: 44.36 x 35.95 inches and 44.65 x 31.99 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811023.","productDescription":"2 Sheets: 44.36 x 35.95 inches and 44.65 x 31.99 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":169336,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr811023.JPG"},{"id":309453,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1023/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":309452,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1023/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Kiowa","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-102.0454,38.6138],[-102.0443,38.2676],[-102.1749,38.2668],[-102.2858,38.2665],[-102.396,38.2662],[-102.5075,38.2662],[-102.6154,38.2661],[-102.741,38.2654],[-103.0571,38.2647],[-103.1691,38.2647],[-103.2787,38.2649],[-103.3972,38.2647],[-103.5004,38.2646],[-103.5019,38.3408],[-103.5066,38.3409],[-103.508,38.4366],[-103.5089,38.5159],[-103.5086,38.5236],[-103.3897,38.5239],[-103.2809,38.5224],[-103.1714,38.5236],[-103.1716,38.6111],[-103.1079,38.6133],[-103.0601,38.6135],[-102.9493,38.614],[-102.8386,38.6135],[-102.729,38.6133],[-102.6194,38.6131],[-102.5086,38.6128],[-102.4415,38.6122],[-102.3996,38.6128],[-102.2888,38.6132],[-102.1779,38.6134],[-102.073,38.6137],[-102.0695,38.6136],[-102.0454,38.6138]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Kiowa\",\"state\":\"CO\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49a5e4b07f02db5c1491","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mustard, Martha H.","contributorId":91157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mustard","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":228392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, Doug","contributorId":101655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":228393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":40197,"text":"ofr8198 - 1981 - Complete Bouguer map of the Medicine Lake quadrangle, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-02T19:07:50.97202","indexId":"ofr8198","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-98","title":"Complete Bouguer map of the Medicine Lake quadrangle, California","docAbstract":"A mathematical technique, called kriging, was programmed for a computer to interpolate hydrologic data based on a network of measured values in west-central Kansas. The computer program generated estimated values at the center of each 1-mile section in the Western Kansas Groundwater Management District No. 1 and facilitated contouring of selected values that are needed in the effective management of ground water for irrigation. The kriging technique produced objective and reproducible maps that illustrated hydrologic conditions in the Ogallala aquifer, the principal source of water in west-central Kansas. Maps of the aquifer, which use a 3-year average, included the 1978-80 water-table altitudes, which ranged from about 2,580 to 3,720 feet; the 1978-80 saturated thicknesses, which ranged from about 0 to 250 feet; and the percentage changes in saturated thickness from 1950 to 1978-80, which ranged from about a 50-percent increase to a 100-percent decrease. A map showing errors of estimate also was provided as a measure of reliability for the 1978-80 water-table altitudes. Errors of estimate ranged from 2 to 24 feet. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr8198","usgsCitation":"Finn, C.A., 1981, Complete Bouguer map of the Medicine Lake quadrangle, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-98, 1 Plate: 23.19 × 28.38 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8198.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 23.19 × 28.38 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171094,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":70456,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0098/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":390218,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_12230.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Medicine Lake quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.75,\n 41.5\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 41.5\n ],\n [\n -121.5,\n 41.75\n ],\n [\n -121.75,\n 41.75\n ],\n [\n -121.75,\n 41.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8400","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finn, Carol A. 0000-0002-6178-0405 cfinn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":1326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"Carol","email":"cfinn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":223104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10911,"text":"ofr8178 - 1981 - Summary of U.S. Geological Survey investigations and hydrologic conditions in southwest Florida for 1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-11T08:26:00","indexId":"ofr8178","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-78","title":"Summary of U.S. Geological Survey investigations and hydrologic conditions in southwest Florida for 1979","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the hydrologic setting and the water-resources investigations in the Southwest Florida Water management District performed by the U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, for fiscal year 1979. Hydrologic conditions in southwest Florida are described and illustrated by hydrographs of selected surface-water, ground-water, and lake-stage data-collection sites. In addition, summaries of water-use data and data on the regional observation monitor-well program are provided. The investigations are pay of the Federal program of appraising the nation's water resources.l The cooperative program for fiscal year 1979 included 37 investigations. Abstracts of 15 reports released during 1979 are included.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tallahassee, FL","doi":"10.3133/ofr8178","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Southwest Florida Management District","usgsCitation":"Rollins, H., 1981, Summary of U.S. Geological Survey investigations and hydrologic conditions in southwest Florida for 1979: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-78, vi, 93 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8178.","productDescription":"vi, 93 p.","numberOfPages":"101","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288251,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/0078/report.pdf"},{"id":288252,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Charlotte County;Citrus County;De Soto County;Hardee County;Hernando County;Highlands County;Hillsborough County;Lake County;Levy County;Manatee County;Marion County;Pasco County;Pinellas County;Polk County;Sarasota County;Sumter County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.1657,26.3087 ], [ -83.1657,29.5913 ], [ -80.8541,29.5913 ], [ -80.8541,26.3087 ], [ -83.1657,26.3087 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699413","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rollins, H.C.","contributorId":102885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rollins","given":"H.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":10621,"text":"ofr811072 - 1981 - Results of exploratory drilling at Point MacKenzie, Alaska, 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:21","indexId":"ofr811072","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-1072","title":"Results of exploratory drilling at Point MacKenzie, Alaska, 1981","docAbstract":"The Matanuska-Susitna Borough anticipates industrial development near Point MacKenzie, Alaska. Because little hydrologic information is available for the area, the Borough contracted for the drilling of two test wells. It was found that: Both wells penetrated unconsolidated stratified clay, silt, sand, and gravel; each well penetrated a shallow unconfined and deeper confined aquifers; the water levels in the wells rise and fall with the tide; the chemical analyses indicate that the water quality meets the Alaska Drinking Water Standards, except for slightly high levels of manganese and pH; and the potential for saltwater intrusion should be evaluated as part of future studies. 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The ground-water reservoir in Kings and Queens Counties had supplied an average of more than 120 million gallons per day for industrial and public water supply from 1904 to 1947. However, deterioration of groundwater quality from induced encroachment of salty ground-water caused the total cessation of pumping for public supply in Kings County in 1947 and in western Queens County in 1974. This investigation was designed to make a preliminary evaluation of the present groundwater quality and to review hydrologic information pertinent to the formulation of an appropriate development plan. Detailed hydrogeologic mapping was done to define the geometry of the ground-water system. The history of ground-water development and the consequent responses of ground-water levels and quantity were summarized. A well network was established to monitor ground-water levels and ground-water quality in Kings and Queens Counties. The distribution of chloride and nitrate in ground-water was used to identify contamination from salt-water intrusion and surface sources. A limited source of potable ground-water is available in the Magothy-Jameco and Lloyd aquifers; however, an accurate estimate of the quantity of water available or a draft rate suitable for maintaining a useable ground-water quality is undetermined. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr811186","usgsCitation":"Buxton, H., Soren, J., Posner, A., and Shernoff, P., 1981, Reconnaissance of the ground-water resources of Kings and Queens counties, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 81-1186, 64 p., ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr811186.","productDescription":"64 p., ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1186/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":40423,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1981/1186/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c497","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buxton, H. T.","contributorId":67873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buxton","given":"H. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soren, Julian","contributorId":54184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soren","given":"Julian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Posner, Alex","contributorId":18376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Posner","given":"Alex","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shernoff, P. K.","contributorId":22779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shernoff","given":"P. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":165673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":68214,"text":"ha652 - 1981 - Water-level and saturated-thickness changes, predevelopment to 1980, in the High Plains aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:28","indexId":"ha652","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"652","title":"Water-level and saturated-thickness changes, predevelopment to 1980, in the High Plains aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ha652","usgsCitation":"Luckey, R.R., Gutentag, E.D., and Weeks, J., 1981, Water-level and saturated-thickness changes, predevelopment to 1980, in the High Plains aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas 652, 2 maps :col. ;54 x 38 cm. on sheets 73 x 104 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ha652.","productDescription":"2 maps :col. ;54 x 38 cm. on sheets 73 x 104 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185628,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":89564,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/652/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":89565,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ha/652/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"2500000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -106,32 ], [ -106,43 ], [ -96,43 ], [ -96,32 ], [ -106,32 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7818","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luckey, Richard R.","contributorId":17980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luckey","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gutentag, Edwin D.","contributorId":76287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutentag","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weeks, John B.","contributorId":36123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"John B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":55218,"text":"wdrIA801 - 1981 - Water resources data for Iowa, water year 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-02T14:44:32","indexId":"wdrIA801","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"IA-80-1","title":"Water resources data for Iowa, water year 1980","docAbstract":"This report was prepared by personnel of the Iowa district of the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey under the supervision of D. K. Leifeste, District Chief, and Alfred Clebsch Jr., Regional Hydrologist, Central Region. It was done in cooperation with the State of Iowa and with other agencies.
\nThis report is one of a series issued by Iowa. General direction for the series is by Philip Cohen, Jr., Chief Hydrologist, U. S. Geological Survey, and R. J. Dingman, Assistant Chief Hydrologist for Scientific Publications and Data Management.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City","doi":"10.3133/wdrIA801","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Geological Survey and with other State and Federal agencies","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1981, Water resources data for Iowa, water year 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report IA-80-1, x, 276 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrIA801.","productDescription":"x, 276 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":87935,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1980/ia-80-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":174398,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1980/ia-80-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f59c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":532305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26510,"text":"wri818 - 1981 - Selected hydrologic relationships for Soldier Creek, northeastern Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-06T13:05:19","indexId":"wri818","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"81-8","title":"Selected hydrologic relationships for Soldier Creek, northeastern Kansas","docAbstract":"Hydrologic data from Soldier Creek basin were compared with relations from statewide data. The quantity and quality of streamflow were affected mostly by soils, slopes, and land use. Average annual precipitation during the study (196476) was 35.12 inches, or 2.3 percent greater than the long-term (1929-76) average. The average streamflow in Soldier Creek at Topeka, Kansas, was 23 percent greater than the long-term average.
In general, frequency curves of annual peak discharges compared poorly with curves from statewide relations due to the absence of extremely low peaks during the short period. A comparison of low-flow frequency for drainage areas of more than 100 square miles indicated that reasonable results will not be obtained for estimates of 7-day and 30-day average annual minimum discharges by linear extrapolation to basins of less than 100 square miles. Comparison of flow-duration curves confirms the extrapolation for basins of less than 100 square miles, although the percentage duration of mean flow is variable.
Water surveys showed that calcium, bicarbonate, and sulfate were the predominant ions and dissolved solids were derived mostly from limestones and shales. Suspended sediment at gaged sites ranged from 9.94 to 848 tons per day; yield per unit area increased significantly between sites due to changes in hillside slopes and land use.