{"pageNumber":"554","pageRowStart":"13825","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70219208,"text":"70219208 - 2021 - Assessing the ecological risks of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Current state‐of‐the science and a proposed path forward","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-01T11:26:50.678979","indexId":"70219208","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-08T06:56:05","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the ecological risks of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Current state‐of‐the science and a proposed path forward","docAbstract":"<p><span>Per‐ and poly‐fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) encompass a large, heterogenous group of chemicals of potential concern to human health and the environment. Based on information for a few relatively well‐understood PFAS such as perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate, there is ample basis to suspect that at least a subset can be considered persistent, bioaccumulative, and/or toxic. However, data suitable for determining risks in either prospective or retrospective assessments are lacking for the majority of PFAS. In August 2019, the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry sponsored a workshop that focused on the state‐of‐the‐science supporting risk assessment of PFAS. The present review summarizes discussions concerning the ecotoxicology and ecological risks of PFAS. First, we summarize currently available information relevant to problem formulation/prioritization, exposure, and hazard/effects of PFAS in the context of regulatory and ecological risk assessment activities from around the world. We then describe critical gaps and uncertainties relative to ecological risk assessments for PFAS and propose approaches to address these needs. Recommendations include the development of more comprehensive monitoring programs to support exposure assessment, an emphasis on research to support the formulation of predictive models for bioaccumulation, and the development of in silico, in vitro, and in vivo methods to efficiently assess biological effects for potentially sensitive species/endpoints. Addressing needs associated with assessing the ecological risk of PFAS will require cross‐disciplinary approaches that employ both conventional and new methods in an integrated, resource‐effective manner.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.4869","usgsCitation":"Ankley, G., Cureton, P., Hoke, R.A., Houde, M., Kumar, A., Kurias, J., Lanno, R.P., McCarthy, C., Newsted, J.L., Salice, C.J., Sample, B.E., Sepúlveda, M., Steevens, J.A., and Valsecchi, S., 2021, Assessing the ecological risks of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Current state‐of‐the science and a proposed path forward: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 40, no. 3, p. 564-605, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4869.","productDescription":"42 p.","startPage":"564","endPage":"605","ipdsId":"IP-119653","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4869","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":384777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ankley, Gerald T.","contributorId":177970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ankley","given":"Gerald T.","affiliations":[{"id":13485,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cureton, Philippa","contributorId":256766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cureton","given":"Philippa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51852,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science and Risk Assessment Division, Gatineau, QC, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoke, Robert A.","contributorId":170022,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoke","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Houde, Magali","contributorId":218112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houde","given":"Magali","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36681,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kumar, Anupama","contributorId":168793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumar","given":"Anupama","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25361,"text":"CSIRO Land and Water, Adelaide, South Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kurias, Jessy","contributorId":256767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kurias","given":"Jessy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51852,"text":"Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science and Risk Assessment Division, Gatineau, QC, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lanno, Roman P.","contributorId":218116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanno","given":"Roman","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":36630,"text":"Ohio State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McCarthy, Chris","contributorId":256768,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51853,"text":"Jacobs Engineering Inc., Boston, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Newsted, John L.","contributorId":175333,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newsted","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Salice, Christopher J.","contributorId":143761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salice","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sample, Bradley E.","contributorId":245821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sample","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":49335,"text":"Ecological Risk, Inc. 15036 Magno Ct., Rancho Murieta, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sepúlveda, Maria S.","contributorId":256769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sepúlveda","given":"Maria S.","affiliations":[{"id":51854,"text":"Purdue University, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Layette, IN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Steevens, Jeffery A. 0000-0003-3946-1229","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3946-1229","contributorId":207511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steevens","given":"Jeffery","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Valsecchi, Sara","contributorId":256770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Valsecchi","given":"Sara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":51856,"text":"IRSA-CNR Water Research Institute, National Research Council, Brugherio, MB, Italy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":813232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}}
,{"id":70228551,"text":"70228551 - 2021 - Estimating abundance of an unmarked, low-density species using camera traps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-14T14:40:43.538737","indexId":"70228551","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-03T08:31:38","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating abundance of an unmarked, low-density species using camera traps","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estimating abundance of wildlife populations can be challenging and costly, especially for species that are difficult to detect and that live at low densities, such as cougars (</span><i>Puma concolor</i><span>). Remote, motion-sensitive cameras are a relatively efficient monitoring tool, but most abundance estimation techniques using remote cameras rely on some or all of the population being uniquely identifiable. Recently developed methods estimate abundance from encounter rates with remote cameras and do not require identifiable individuals. We used 2 methods, the time-to-event and space-to-event models, to estimate the density of 2 cougar populations in Idaho, USA, over 3 winters from 2016–2019. We concurrently estimated cougar density using the random encounter model (REM), an existing camera-based method for unmarked populations, and genetic spatial capture recapture (SCR), an established method for monitoring cougar populations. In surveys for which we successfully estimated density using the SCR model, the time-to-event estimates were more precise and showed comparable variation between survey years. The space-to-event estimates were less precise than the SCR estimates and were more variable between survey years. Compared to REM, time-to-event was more precise and consistent, and space-to-event was less precise and consistent. Low sample sizes made the space-to-event and SCR models inconsistent from survey to survey, and non-random camera placement may have biased both of the camera-based estimators high. We show that camera-based estimators can perform comparably to existing methods for estimating abundance in unmarked species that live at low densities. With the time- and space-to-event models, managers could use remote cameras to monitor populations of multiple species at broader spatial and temporal scales than existing methods allow.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21950","usgsCitation":"Loonam, K.E., Ausband, D., Lukacs, P., Mitchell, M.S., and Robinson, H., 2021, Estimating abundance of an unmarked, low-density species using camera traps: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 85, no. 1, p. 87-96, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21950.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"96","ipdsId":"IP-117334","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395878,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.3232421875,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              44.84029065139799\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.3232421875,\n              44.84029065139799\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.3232421875,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loonam, Kenneth E.","contributorId":276117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loonam","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":48645,"text":"umt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ausband, David E.","contributorId":276111,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ausband","given":"David E.","affiliations":[{"id":56023,"text":"idfg","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lukacs, Paul M.","contributorId":276112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lukacs","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":48645,"text":"umt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mitchell, Michael S. 0000-0002-0773-6905 mmitchel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-6905","contributorId":3716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"mmitchel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robinson, Hugh S.","contributorId":276113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Hugh S.","affiliations":[{"id":48645,"text":"umt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70213078,"text":"70213078 - 2021 - Resolving species boundaries in the critically imperiled freshwater mussel species, Fusconaia mitchelli (Bivalvia: Unionidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-19T16:46:05.336074","indexId":"70213078","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-02T10:03:27","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6485,"text":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Resolving species boundaries in the critically imperiled freshwater mussel species, <i>Fusconaia mitchelli</i> (Bivalvia: Unionidae)","title":"Resolving species boundaries in the critically imperiled freshwater mussel species, Fusconaia mitchelli (Bivalvia: Unionidae)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Species are a fundamental unit of biology, and defining accurate species boundaries is integral to effective conservation and management of imperiled taxa. Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) are among the most imperiled groups of organisms in North America, yet species boundaries remain uncertain for many taxa. The False Spike,&nbsp;</span><i>Fusconaia mitchelli</i><span>&nbsp;(Simpson in Dall, 1895), is a freshwater mussel considered to be endemic to central Texas (Brazos, Colorado, and Guadalupe drainages). Recent research revealed significant intraspecific genetic variation between geographically separated populations of&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><span>.&nbsp;</span><i>mitchelli</i><span>, which could be indicative of speciation; however, small sample sizes for several of the populations precluded formal taxonomic revision. Here, we increase taxon sampling and use multilocus DNA sequence data and traditional morphometrics to re‐evaluate species boundaries in&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><span>.&nbsp;</span><i>mitchelli</i><span>. We sequenced three loci: the protein‐coding mitochondrial DNA genes&nbsp;</span><i>cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>NADH dehydrogenase 1</i><span>, and the nuclear&nbsp;</span><i>internal transcribed spacer 1</i><span>. Phylogenetic analyses depicted deep genetic divergence between&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><span>.&nbsp;</span><i>mitchelli</i><span>&nbsp;in the Guadalupe and those in the Brazos and Colorado drainages, which was further supported by available biogeographic information. Morphometric analyses and coalescent‐based species delimitation models integrating both DNA sequence and morphological data provided strong support for the divergence observed between the two geographically isolated clades of&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><span>.&nbsp;</span><i>mitchelli</i><span>. Based on these results, we revise taxonomy accordingly by elevating the junior synonym&nbsp;</span><i>Fusconaia iheringi</i><span>&nbsp;(Wright, 1898) to represent the Brazos and Colorado populations and restrict the distribution of&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><span>.&nbsp;</span><i>mitchelli</i><span>&nbsp;to the Guadalupe River drainage. Our findings may impact pending management decisions to protect&nbsp;</span><i>F</i><span>.&nbsp;</span><i>mitchelli</i><span>&nbsp;under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jzs.12412","usgsCitation":"Smith, C.H., Johnson, N., Havlik, K., Doyle, R.D., and Randklev, C.R., 2021, Resolving species boundaries in the critically imperiled freshwater mussel species, Fusconaia mitchelli (Bivalvia: Unionidae): Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, v. 59, no. 1, p. 60-77, https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12412.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"77","ipdsId":"IP-114078","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436673,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Y7K5CD","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Molecular and morphological data to resolve species boundaries in the critically imperiled freshwater mussel species, Fusconaia mitchelli"},{"id":378265,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Chase H. 0000-0002-1499-0311","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1499-0311","contributorId":225140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Chase","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":13716,"text":"Baylor University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Nathan 0000-0001-5167-1988","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5167-1988","contributorId":205384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nathan","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Havlik, Kaitlyn","contributorId":239935,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Havlik","given":"Kaitlyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13716,"text":"Baylor University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doyle, Robert D.","contributorId":239937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doyle","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":13716,"text":"Baylor University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Randklev, Charles R.","contributorId":202530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randklev","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":36313,"text":"Texas A&M","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70230605,"text":"70230605 - 2021 - Detecting population declines via monitoring the effective number of breeders (Nb)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-19T15:03:35.91164","indexId":"70230605","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-02T10:00:39","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2776,"text":"Molecular Ecology Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Detecting population declines via monitoring the effective number of breeders (<i>N</i><sub>b</sub>)","title":"Detecting population declines via monitoring the effective number of breeders (Nb)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estimating the effective population size and effective number of breeders per year (</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>) can facilitate early detection of population declines. We used computer simulations to quantify bias and precision of the one-sample&nbsp;</span><span class=\"smallCaps\">LDNe</span><span>&nbsp;estimator of&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>&nbsp;in age-structured populations using a range of published species life history types, sample sizes, and DNA markers.&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>&nbsp;estimates were biased by ~5%–10% when using SNPs or microsatellites in species ranging from fishes to mosquitoes, frogs, and seaweed. The bias (high or low) was similar for different life history types within a species suggesting that life history variation in populations will not influence&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>&nbsp;estimation. Precision was higher for 100 SNPs (</span><i>H</i><span>&nbsp;≈&nbsp;0.30) than for 15 microsatellites (</span><i>H</i><span>&nbsp;≈&nbsp;0.70). Confidence intervals (CIs) were occasionally too narrow, and biased high when&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>&nbsp;was small (</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;50); however, the magnitude of bias would unlikely influence management decisions. The CIs (from&nbsp;</span><span class=\"smallCaps\">LDNe</span><span>) were sufficiently narrow to achieve high statistical power (≥0.80) to reject the null hypothesis that&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;50 when the true&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;30 and when sampling 50 individuals and 200 SNPs. Similarly, CIs were sufficiently narrow to reject&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;500 when the true&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;400 and when sampling 200 individuals and 5,000 loci. Finally, we present a linear regression method that provides high power to detect a decline in&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>&nbsp;when sampling at least five consecutive cohorts. This study provides guidelines and tools to simulate and estimate&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>&nbsp;for age structured populations (</span>https://github.com/popgengui/agestrucnb/<span>), which should help biologists develop sensitive monitoring programmes for early detection of changes in&nbsp;</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>&nbsp;and population declines.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1755-0998.13251","usgsCitation":"Luikart, G., Antao, T., Hand, B., Muhlfeld, C.C., Boyer, M.C., Corsart, T., Trethewey, B., Al-Chokhachy, R.K., and Waples, R.S., 2021, Detecting population declines via monitoring the effective number of breeders (Nb): Molecular Ecology Resources, v. 21, no. 2, p. 379-393, https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13251.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"379","endPage":"393","ipdsId":"IP-099662","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13251","text":"External Repository"},{"id":399088,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luikart, Gordon","contributorId":97409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luikart","given":"Gordon","affiliations":[{"id":6580,"text":"University of Montana, Flathead Lake Biological Station, Polson, Montana 59860, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Antao, Tiago","contributorId":290364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Antao","given":"Tiago","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":62410,"text":"The Welcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hand, Brian K.","contributorId":139248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hand","given":"Brian K.","affiliations":[{"id":12707,"text":"Flathead Lake Biological Station, Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group, University of Montana, Polson, MT 59860","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":290365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":840883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boyer, Matthew C.","contributorId":48468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyer","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5133,"text":"Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks, Kalispell, Montana 59901","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Corsart, Ted","contributorId":290366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Corsart","given":"Ted","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Trethewey, Brian","contributorId":290367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trethewey","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36523,"text":"University of Montana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Al-Chokhachy, Robert K. 0000-0002-2136-5098 ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-5098","contributorId":1674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Al-Chokhachy","given":"Robert","email":"ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":840887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Waples, Robin S.","contributorId":126721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waples","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6578,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":840888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70223224,"text":"70223224 - 2021 - Profiling lunar dust dissolution in aqueous environments: The design concept","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-18T12:42:15.472873","indexId":"70223224","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-02T07:40:51","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":626,"text":"Acta Astronautica","printIssn":"0094-5765","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Profiling lunar dust dissolution in aqueous environments: The design concept","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"abs0010\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"abssec0010\"><p id=\"abspara0010\">Published studies and internal NASA reports indicate that when native lunar dust is suspended in an aqueous solution a variety of metal and other ions are released. This release has implications for future lunar missions, ranging from effects on mission hardware, effects on life support systems, possible direct effects on human health, and effects on research experiments such as plant growth experiments, space biology experiments and any activities that may involve the use of water sourced from the lunar poles. Furthermore, such contaminants could become concentrated or chemically altered to a more hazardous form during a variety of lunar mission activities, including everything from space suit cleaning to lunar industrial materials extraction. The exact profile of the release of ions from lunar dust and the nature of the partially dissolved particles has not been explored. Any model of this dissolution must be based on an understanding of the unique micromorphology of lunar dust, including its glassy nature, agglutinate features, high surface area and the presence of small deposits of elemental iron (nanophase iron) located near the surface of the grain particles. Dust has a very high surface area available for interaction with water. For this reason, on first exposure to water, an immediate pulsed release of ions could occur, with more prolonged release taking place over months or years. The few studies that have been conducted previously have been limited in both the time scales examined and in the selection of ions that were measured. The proposed investigation is a comprehensive materials science investigation, using the most modern analytical tools to catalogue all metals given off from lunar dust in various aqueous solutions and their time profiles of release from the very short term to the very long term. The product of the proposed study will be a comprehensive database determined from NASA curated samples collected from the Apollo landing sites that can be applied to research in both living systems and non-living systems on the moon. The methods developed in the proposed study will also establish standards for analysis of lunar dust samples returned from future manned missions (Artemis and others) and future robotic missions. The knowledge gained from this basic materials science investigation will have broad impact on the design of engineered human safety and health systems.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.08.032","usgsCitation":"Kerschmann, R., Winterhalter, D., Scheiderich, K., Damby, D., and Loftus, D., 2021, Profiling lunar dust dissolution in aqueous environments: The design concept: Acta Astronautica, v. 178, p. 308-313, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.08.032.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"308","endPage":"313","ipdsId":"IP-121524","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.08.032","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"178","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kerschmann, Russell","contributorId":221338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kerschmann","given":"Russell","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24796,"text":"NASA Ames Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winterhalter, Daniel","contributorId":221337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winterhalter","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40352,"text":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory - California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scheiderich, Kathleen 0000-0002-3756-8324","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3756-8324","contributorId":221339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scheiderich","given":"Kathleen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Damby, David 0000-0002-3238-3961","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-3961","contributorId":206614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damby","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Loftus, David","contributorId":221340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loftus","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24796,"text":"NASA Ames Research Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70228774,"text":"70228774 - 2021 - Loss of coastal islands along Florida’s Big Bend region: Implications for breeding American oystercatchers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-18T12:59:01.260013","indexId":"70228774","displayToPublicDate":"2020-09-02T06:54:27","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Loss of coastal islands along Florida’s Big Bend region: Implications for breeding American oystercatchers","docAbstract":"<div id=\"Abs1-section\" class=\"c-article-section\"><div id=\"Abs1-content\" class=\"c-article-section__content\"><p>Many coastal-dependent species have undergone large-scale population declines due to impacts from habitat loss, including American oystercatchers (<i>Haematopus palliatus</i>). Islands along the Big Bend region of Florida’s Gulf Coast provide important nesting habitat for oystercatchers, but reproductive success here is low and habitat degradation and loss are a major concern. To determine rates and characteristics of habitat loss, we quantified changes in island sizes within two major breeding areas of the Big Bend: the Barge Canal spoil islands and natural islands at Cedar Key. We digitized aerial photographs from the past ~ 40&nbsp;years, measured area and shoreline retreat of nesting islands, and identified trends over time by fitting linear mixed effects models. The total area of the ten Barge Canal spoil islands decreased by 55% between 1979 and 2016. At Cedar Key, the total area of the six islands measured decreased by 39% between 1974 and 2016, 85% of which occurred after 1995, indicating an increase in erosion rates correlated with oyster reef declines. Changes in available nesting habitat varied between the Barge Canal and Cedar Key islands due to differences in physical attributes; however, all islands significantly decreased in size over time. Given the long life and high site fidelity of American oystercatchers, these islands may currently be acting as an ecological trap for this species. Climate change, sea-level rise, and loss of oyster reefs are likely to continue to drive oystercatcher habitat loss throughout their range; thus, creation and restoration of oyster reefs and nesting islands will become increasingly important.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-020-00811-3","usgsCitation":"Vitale, N., Brush, J., and Powell, A., 2021, Loss of coastal islands along Florida’s Big Bend region: Implications for breeding American oystercatchers: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 44, p. 1173-1182, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-020-00811-3.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1173","endPage":"1182","ipdsId":"IP-114049","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396161,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Big Bend region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.41644287109374,\n              28.815799886487298\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.59521484375,\n              28.815799886487298\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.59521484375,\n              29.566290516578164\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.41644287109374,\n              29.566290516578164\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.41644287109374,\n              28.815799886487298\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"44","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vitale, N.","contributorId":279704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vitale","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36221,"text":"University of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brush, J.","contributorId":279705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brush","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, Abby 0000-0002-9783-134X abby_powell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-134X","contributorId":176843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Abby","email":"abby_powell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70213263,"text":"70213263 - 2021 - Exposure of an early to middle Noachian valley network in three dimensions on Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-21T14:53:25.805389","indexId":"70213263","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-29T09:28:35","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exposure of an early to middle Noachian valley network in three dimensions on Mars","docAbstract":"<p><span>We document a set of channels in a section of the Martian cratered highlands located between crustal massifs northeast of Hellas Planitia that are visible in cross section and planview &gt;200&nbsp;m below the surface. The morphometry and spatial distribution of the outcrops provide concrete geological evidence of a dynamic aqueous system in a structural sub-basin during the Early to Middle Noachian, bolstering evidence of conditions compatible with sustained liquid water on the surface very early in Mars' history.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114071","usgsCitation":"Skinner, J.A., Fortezzo, C.M., and Mouginis-Mark, P.J., 2021, Exposure of an early to middle Noachian valley network in three dimensions on Mars: Icarus, v. 354, 114071, 5 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114071.","productDescription":"114071, 5 p.","ipdsId":"IP-115074","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454461,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114071","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378453,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"354","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skinner, James A. Jr. 0000-0002-3644-7010 jskinner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3644-7010","contributorId":213622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skinner","given":"James","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jskinner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fortezzo, Corey M. 0000-0001-8188-5530 cfortezzo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-5530","contributorId":25383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortezzo","given":"Corey","email":"cfortezzo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":130,"text":"Astrogeology Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":798916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mouginis-Mark, Peter J. 0000-0002-7173-6141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7173-6141","contributorId":36793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mouginis-Mark","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70218235,"text":"70218235 - 2021 - Landsat 9 mission update and status","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-19T14:30:19.391207","indexId":"70218235","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-28T09:22:29","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Landsat 9 mission update and status","docAbstract":"<p><span>Landsat 9 is currently undergoing testing at the integrated observatory level in preparation for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base in 2021. Landsat 9 will replace Landsat 7 in orbit, 8 days out of phase with Landsat 8. Landsat 9 is largely a copy of Landsat 8 in terms of instrumentation, with an Operational Land Imager (OLI), model #2 and a Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS), model #2. The TIRS-2 is more significantly changed from TIRS with increased redundancy, as well as changes to the telescope baffling to improve stray light control and a revised scene select mirror encoder mechanism. Data quality of the Landsat 9 instruments is comparable to, or better than the Landsat 8 ones, with an increase to 14 bits of data transmitted and more detailed pre-launch characterization for OLI-2, and with more detailed characterization of the TIRS-2 pre-launch, in addition to the improved stray light control. The performance of the two instruments is summarized and compared to that of the Landsat 8 instruments.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings volume 11501, Earth observing systems XXV","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1117/12.2569748","usgsCitation":"Markham, B., Jenstrom, D., Pszcolka, S., Dulski, V., Hair, J., Joel McCorkel, Kvaran, G., Thome, K., Montanaro, M., Pedelty, J., Anderson, C., Choate, M., Barsi, J., Kaita, E., and Miller, J., 2021, Landsat 9 mission update and status, <i>in</i> Proceedings volume 11501, Earth observing systems XXV, 115010O, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2569748.","productDescription":"115010O, 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-121748","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":385191,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markham, Brian","contributorId":251770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Markham","given":"Brian","affiliations":[{"id":38788,"text":"NASA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenstrom, Del","contributorId":251771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenstrom","given":"Del","affiliations":[{"id":38788,"text":"NASA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pszcolka, Steven","contributorId":251772,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pszcolka","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38788,"text":"NASA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dulski, Vicki","contributorId":251773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dulski","given":"Vicki","affiliations":[{"id":38788,"text":"NASA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hair, Jason","contributorId":251774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hair","given":"Jason","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38788,"text":"NASA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Joel McCorkel","contributorId":251775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joel McCorkel","affiliations":[{"id":38788,"text":"NASA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kvaran, Geir","contributorId":251776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kvaran","given":"Geir","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50396,"text":"Ball Aerospace","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Thome, Kurtis","contributorId":251777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thome","given":"Kurtis","affiliations":[{"id":38788,"text":"NASA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Montanaro, Matthew","contributorId":251778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Montanaro","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":32390,"text":"Rochester Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Pedelty, Jeffery","contributorId":251779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pedelty","given":"Jeffery","affiliations":[{"id":38788,"text":"NASA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Anderson, Cody 0000-0001-5612-1889 chanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5612-1889","contributorId":195521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Cody","email":"chanderson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Choate, Michael J. 0000-0002-8101-4994","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-4994","contributorId":251780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choate","given":"Michael J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Barsi, Julia","contributorId":251781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barsi","given":"Julia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50397,"text":"SSAI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Kaita, Ed","contributorId":251782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaita","given":"Ed","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50397,"text":"SSAI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Miller, Jeffery","contributorId":251783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Jeffery","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":50397,"text":"SSAI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70215075,"text":"70215075 - 2021 - Weed-suppressive bacteria effects differ in culture compared to in soils and with or without microbial competition and separation of active ingredient","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-07T13:47:55.936658","indexId":"70215075","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-26T08:45:11","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1016,"text":"Biological Control","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Weed-suppressive bacteria effects differ in culture compared to in soils and with or without microbial competition and separation of active ingredient","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"ab010\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"as010\"><p id=\"sp0010\">Weed-suppressive bacteria (WSB), specifically the D7 and ACK55 strains of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i>, were previously reported to selectively inhibit growth of invasive annual grasses (IAGs) that have caused severe ecosystem degradation across much of the western US. However, recent studies show highly mixed evidence for WSB effectiveness in field settings. We evaluated how the effectiveness of WSB, specifically selective inhibition of exotic annual but not native perennial grasses, was altered by (1) growth media (soil vs. agar culture), (2) pre-sterilization to remove competing microbes, and (3) WSB concentration, reduced by centrifuging with and without filtration. WSB had no effects in soil microcosms with or without pre-sterilization, but WSB did have effects in agar cultures. On agar, WSB effects were amplified by pre-sterilizing seeds prior to treatment with WSB inoculum – but effects were non-selective (i.e., native and exotic plants were equally inhibited) with or without pre-sterilization at high WSB concentration. The only selective effects of WSB were observed on agar at low WSB concentrations, made possible by centrifuging WSB cells out of the inoculum prior to treatment application (from ~10<sup>7</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>to ~10<sup>5</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>live cells/ml). Completely removing WSB cells from inoculum by filtration led to no WSB effects. While these results suggest the desired effects of WSB can be reproduced on agar with a supernatant containing the putative active agent and a low density of WSB cells, the effect is still not reproducible for plants in soil, even when competing microbes are removed. Thus, additional research is needed to determine if, when, where, and how WSB could be effective in field settings.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104422","usgsCitation":"Lazarus, B., Feris, K., and Germino, M., 2021, Weed-suppressive bacteria effects differ in culture compared to in soils and with or without microbial competition and separation of active ingredient: Biological Control, v. 152, 104422, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104422.","productDescription":"104422, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-116435","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":379166,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"152","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lazarus, Brynne E. 0000-0002-6352-486X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6352-486X","contributorId":242732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lazarus","given":"Brynne E.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Feris, Kevin","contributorId":242735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feris","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":800729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Germino, Matthew 0000-0001-6326-7579","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-7579","contributorId":218007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":800730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70213185,"text":"70213185 - 2021 - Complexity of groundwater age mixing near a seawater intrusion zone based on multiple tracers and Bayesian inference","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-14T14:32:51.944624","indexId":"70213185","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-25T09:27:55","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complexity of groundwater age mixing near a seawater intrusion zone based on multiple tracers and Bayesian inference","docAbstract":"<div id=\"ab0005\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"as0005\"><p id=\"sp0050\">Aquifer flow systems near seawater interfaces can be complicated by density-driven flows and the formation of stagnation zones, which inevitably introduces uncertainty into groundwater age-dating. While age-dating has proved effective to understand the seawater intrusion and aquifer salinization process in coastal aquifers, further efforts are needed to propagate model and data uncertainty to the uncertainty associated with the inferred age distributions. This study was performed in a coastal aquifer located close to the Yellow Sea, South Korea, where there is a decreasing trend of groundwater levels due to recent heavy exploitation, raising a warning of induced seawater intrusion. We inferred the groundwater age distributions in wells around the intrusion zone and estimated the uncertainty associated with the inference based on multiple age tracers including<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup>H, tritiogenic<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup>He, radiogenic<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>4</sup>He, CFC-11, CFC-12 and CFC-113 using Bayesian inference. We examined various models representing the age distributions including traditional parametric Lumped Parameter Models (LPMs) and two non-parametric “shape-free” models. The results showed that the mean ages at the study site ranged from 10.9 to 522.5 y. Complex, multimodal distributions of ages occurred near a seawater intrusion area and upland recharge zones, implying converging paths of a wide range of different ages in those regions. In particular, the age distributions estimated near the seawater intrusion interface were characterized by heavy-tailed mixing structures with elevated concentrations of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>4</sup>He. This likely indicates density-driven upward flow at the seawater intrusion interface, forcing old groundwater rich in<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>4</sup>He into the shallow aquifer. The Bayesian inference estimated large uncertainties particularly for the old age distributions, which was attributed partly to the gradual accumulation of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>4</sup>He in groundwater. The Bayesian inference improved understanding of flow dynamics at a complex seawater interface and identified opportunities to further reduce uncertainty of old water age estimates that characterize upwelling groundwater near the interface.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141994","usgsCitation":"Ju, Y., Massoudieh, A., Green, C., Lee, K., and Kaown, D., 2021, Complexity of groundwater age mixing near a seawater intrusion zone based on multiple tracers and Bayesian inference: Science of the Total Environment, v. 753, 141994, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141994.","productDescription":"141994, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118691","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":378358,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"South Korea","otherGeospatial":"Jaancheon basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              126.04064941406249,\n              36.72567681977065\n            ],\n            [\n              127.96875,\n              36.72567681977065\n            ],\n            [\n              127.96875,\n              37.88786039168385\n            ],\n            [\n              126.04064941406249,\n              37.88786039168385\n            ],\n            [\n              126.04064941406249,\n              36.72567681977065\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"753","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ju, YeoJin 0000-0001-8395-355X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8395-355X","contributorId":240600,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ju","given":"YeoJin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37780,"text":"Seoul National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Massoudieh, Arash","contributorId":194625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Massoudieh","given":"Arash","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":798534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Green, Christopher 0000-0002-6480-8194","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-8194","contributorId":201642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":798535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Kang-Kun 0000-0002-4629-7327","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4629-7327","contributorId":240601,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Kang-Kun","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37780,"text":"Seoul National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kaown, Dugin 0000-0001-9616-5421","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9616-5421","contributorId":240602,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaown","given":"Dugin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37780,"text":"Seoul National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":798537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70213089,"text":"70213089 - 2021 - Quantifying model structural uncertainty using airborne electromagnetic data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-01T12:45:22.649761","indexId":"70213089","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-25T07:28:26","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying model structural uncertainty using airborne electromagnetic data","docAbstract":"<p><span>The ability to quantify structural uncertainty in geological models that incorporate geophysical data is affected by two primary sources of uncertainty: geophysical parameter uncertainty and uncertainty in the relationship between geophysical parameters and geological properties of interest. Here, we introduce an open-source, trans-dimensional Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (McMC) algorithm GeoBIPy—Geophysical Bayesian Inference in Python—for robust uncertainty analysis of time-domain or frequency-domain airborne electromagnetic (AEM) data. The McMC algorithm provides a robust assessment of geophysical parameter uncertainty using a trans-dimensional approach that lets the AEM data inform the level of model complexity necessary by allowing the number of model layers itself to be an unknown parameter. Additional components of the Bayesian algorithm allow the user to solve for parameters such as data errors or corrections to the measured instrument height above ground. Probability distributions for a user-specified number of lithologic classes are developed through posterior clustering of McMC-derived resistivity models. Estimates of geological model structural uncertainty are thus obtained through the joint probability of geophysical parameter uncertainty and the uncertainty in the definition of each class. Examples of the implementation of this algorithm are presented for both time-domain and frequency-domain AEM data acquired in Nebraska, USA.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Astronomical Society","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggaa393","usgsCitation":"Minsley, B.J., Foks, N., and Bedrosian, P.A., 2021, Quantifying model structural uncertainty using airborne electromagnetic data: Geophysical Journal International, v. 224, no. 17, p. 590-607, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa393.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"590","endPage":"607","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-115976","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454466,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa393","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9K3YH9O","text":"USGS data 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,{"id":70214063,"text":"70214063 - 2021 - High‐resolution dynamically downscaled rainfall and temperature projections for ecological life zones within Puerto Rico and for the U.S. Virgin Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T23:28:47.997194","indexId":"70214063","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-23T09:53:27","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2032,"text":"International Journal of Climatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High‐resolution dynamically downscaled rainfall and temperature projections for ecological life zones within Puerto Rico and for the U.S. Virgin Islands","docAbstract":"<p><span>The weather research and forecasting (WRF) model and a combination of the regional spectral model (RSM) and the Japanese Meteorological Agency Non‐Hydrostatic Model (NHM) were used to dynamically downscale selected CMIP5 global climate models to provide 2‐km projections with hourly model output for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Two 20‐year time slices were downscaled for historical (1986–2005) and future (2041–2060) periods following RCP8.5. Projected changes to mean and extreme temperature and precipitation were quantified for Holdridge life zones within Puerto Rico and for the U.S. Virgin Islands. The evaluation reveals a persistent cold bias for all islands in the U.S. Caribbean, a dry bias across Puerto Rico, and a wet bias on the windward side of mountains within the U.S. Virgin Islands. Despite these biases, model simulations show a robust drying pattern for all islands that is generally larger for Puerto Rico (25% annual rainfall reduction for some life zones) than the U.S. Virgin Islands (12% island average). The largest precipitation reductions are found during the more convectively active afternoon and evening hours. Within Puerto Rico, the model uncertainty increases for the wetter life zones, especially for precipitation. Across the life zones, both models project unprecedented maximum and minimum temperatures that may exceed 200 days annually above the historical baseline with only small changes to the frequency of extreme rainfall. By contrast, in the U.S. Virgin Islands, there is no consensus on the location of the largest drying relative to the windward and leeward side of the islands. However, the models project the largest increases in maximum temperature on the southern side of St. Croix and in higher elevations of St. Thomas and St. John.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/joc.6810","usgsCitation":"Bowden, J.H., Terando, A., Misra, V., Wootten, A., Bhardwaj, A., Boyles, R., Gould, W.A., Collazo, J.A., and Spero, T., 2021, High‐resolution dynamically downscaled rainfall and temperature projections for ecological life zones within Puerto Rico and for the U.S. Virgin Islands: International Journal of Climatology, v. 41, no. 2, p. 1305-1327, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6810.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1305","endPage":"1327","ipdsId":"IP-114087","costCenters":[{"id":40926,"text":"Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454467,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8128702","text":"External 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,{"id":70217915,"text":"70217915 - 2021 - Step increase in eastern U.S. precipitation linked to Indian Ocean warming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-10T18:36:20.998783","indexId":"70217915","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-21T12:28:11","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Step increase in eastern U.S. precipitation linked to Indian Ocean warming","docAbstract":"A step increase in annual precipitation over the eastern U.S. in the early 1970’s commenced five decades of invigorated hydroclimate, with ongoing impacts on streamflow and water resources. Despite its far-reaching impacts, the dynamical origin of this change is unknown. Here, analyses of a century of atmospheric and oceanic data trace the dynamics to changes in the Indian Ocean. Spring and fall precipitation explain more than half the annual eastern-U.S. precipitation variance over the century, and changes in fall are predominantly responsible for the step increase. The driving mechanism is emergence of a pan-Pacific atmospheric wave emanating from deep convection over the warming Indian Ocean. Documentation of this fall teleconnection draws attention to projected anthropogenic increases in tropical oceanic heat content, and their potential impacts on hydroclimate of the midlatitudes.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020GL088911","usgsCitation":"Strong, C., McCabe, G.J., and Weech, A., 2021, Step increase in eastern U.S. precipitation linked to Indian Ocean warming: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 47, no. 17, e2020GL088911; 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL088911.","productDescription":"e2020GL088911; 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118969","costCenters":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454468,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2020gl088911","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383207,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Indian Ocean","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              66.796875,\n              23.885837699862005\n            ],\n            [\n              51.67968749999999,\n              11.178401873711785\n            ],\n            [\n              46.05468749999999,\n              -1.0546279422758742\n            ],\n            [\n              42.1875,\n              -12.211180191503997\n            ],\n            [\n              37.96875,\n              -26.431228064506424\n            ],\n            [\n              42.5390625,\n              -38.8225909761771\n            ],\n            [\n              66.4453125,\n              -51.17934297928927\n            ],\n            [\n              106.171875,\n              -49.15296965617039\n            ],\n            [\n              112.1484375,\n              -35.7465122599185\n            ],\n            [\n              110.390625,\n              -16.63619187839765\n            ],\n            [\n              99.140625,\n              9.102096738726456\n            ],\n            [\n              90.3515625,\n              22.59372606392931\n            ],\n            [\n              73.828125,\n              27.059125784374068\n            ],\n            [\n              66.796875,\n              23.885837699862005\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strong, Courtenay","contributorId":195262,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strong","given":"Courtenay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":810164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCabe, Gregory J. 0000-0002-9258-2997 gmccabe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2997","contributorId":200854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCabe","given":"Gregory","email":"gmccabe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":810165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weech, Alexander","contributorId":248928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weech","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13252,"text":"University of Utah","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":810166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70235836,"text":"70235836 - 2021 - The processes of preferential flow in the unsaturated zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-23T14:31:02.397407","indexId":"70235836","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-21T09:19:05","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3420,"text":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The processes of preferential flow in the unsaturated zone","docAbstract":"<p><span>Preferential flow, a major influence in unsaturated soil and rock almost everywhere, occurs by multiple phenomenologically distinct hydraulic processes. For the mode known as funneled flow, concentrated in particularly conductive portions of the medium, the surface-tension/viscous-flow processes of traditional unsaturated flow theory predominate. Fingered flow, through conductive paths of higher water content than surrounding material, requires amendments to traditional theory concerning instabilities and dynamic flow-regime boundaries. Macropore flow, the most recognized preferential flow mode, poses unanswered questions and major difficulties in practice. Accumulated evidence shows that water flows preferentially mostly through macropores that are (a) only partially filled with water, and (b) surrounded by matrix material that is drier, sometimes much drier, than saturation. With partial filling, geometric characteristics such as aperture have much less influence than was previously thought, and the intra-macropore configuration of the flowing water phase, about which little is conclusively known, is then a dominant controlling influence. With unsaturated surroundings, macropore/matrix exchange interactions control, for given input and medium, the initiating circumstances, conveyed flux, and duration of macropore flow. The multiple processes in play during such interactions have different sensitivities to the matrix water state and different directions of influence. The net influence of matrix water content on macropore flow is thus highly complex and a major research need. Additional high-priority topics are: flowpath connectivity, for watersheds as well as small scales; intra-macropore processes, to discern their importance and possible means of quantification; and the identification of measurable soil and rock properties that can be utilized predictively.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America","doi":"10.1002/saj2.20143","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J.R., 2021, The processes of preferential flow in the unsaturated zone: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 85, no. 1, p. 1-27, https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20143.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"27","ipdsId":"IP-121207","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":405459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":849505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70223100,"text":"70223100 - 2021 - Winter severity, fish community, and availability to traps explain most of the variability in estimates of adult sea lamprey in Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T17:58:31.982246","indexId":"70223100","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-20T10:18:21","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter severity, fish community, and availability to traps explain most of the variability in estimates of adult sea lamprey in Lake Superior","docAbstract":"<p><span>Animal populations are assessed to estimate rates of artificial and natural mortality at ecologically relevant spatial and temporal scales to develop exploitation quotas. But how the population’s natural mortality rate and how the ability to observe the population changes through time are poorly understood in most invasive fishes, despite efforts to control their populations. By investigating a 30-year abundance index of invasive sea lamprey (</span><i>Petromyzon marinus</i><span>) in Lake Superior, we found that the index was highly correlated (R</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.75) with biotic and abiotic factors hypothesized to influence sea lamprey natural mortality and their availability to index traps. The index was lowest in years (1) following winters with below average ice cover on Lake Superior, (2) when stream discharge during sea lamprey migration was below average, (3) when adult sea lamprey were smaller than average, and (4) when adult sea lamprey were more likely to be distributed in tributaries on the east side of Lake Superior. These results highlight the need for policy makers to consider invasive species abundance indexes not just in the context of control effort, but also in the context of biotic and abiotic conditions because they could markedly influence natural mortality or the ability to observe highly suppressed populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2020.08.011","usgsCitation":"Johnson, N.S., Adams, J.V., Bravener, G., Barber, J., Treska, T., and Siefkes, M.J., 2021, Winter severity, fish community, and availability to traps explain most of the variability in estimates of adult sea lamprey in Lake Superior: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. Suppl 1, p. 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,{"id":70212609,"text":"70212609 - 2021 - Status of the major aquaculture carps of China in the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-29T13:13:24.00058","indexId":"70212609","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-20T08:51:25","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status of the major aquaculture carps of China in the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"ab005\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"as005\"><p id=\"sp0005\">There is concern of economic and environmental damage occuring if any of the four major aquacultured carp species of China, black carp<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Mylopharyngodon piceus</i>, bighead carp<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Hypophthalmichthys nobilis</i>, silver carp<span>&nbsp;</span><i>H. molitrix</i>, or grass carp<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Ctenopharyngodon idella</i>, were to establish in the Laurentian Great Lakes. All four are reproducing in the Mississippi River Basin. We review the status of these fishes in relation to the Great Lakes and their proximity to pathways into the Great Lakes, based on captures and collections of eggs and larvae. No black carp have been captured in the Great Lakes Basin. One silver carp and one bighead carp were captured within the Chicago Area Waterway System, on the Great Lakes side of electric barriers designed to keep carp from entering the Great Lakes from the greater Mississippi River Basin. Three bighead carp were captured in Lake Erie, none later than the year 2000. By December 2019, at least 650 grass carps had been captured in the Great Lakes Basin, most in western Lake Erie, but none in Lake Superior. Grass carp reproduction has been documented in the Sandusky and Maumee rivers in Ohio, tributaries of Lake Erie. We also discuss environmental DNA (eDNA) results as an early detection and monitoring tool for bighead and silver carps. Detection of eDNA does not necessarily indicate presence of live fish, but bigheaded carp eDNA has been detected on the Great Lakes side of the barriers and in a small proportion of samples from the western basin of Lake Erie.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2020.07.018","usgsCitation":"Chapman, D., Benson, A.J., Embke, H.S., King, N.R., Kocovsky, P., Lewis, T.D., and Mandrak, N.E., 2021, Status of the major aquaculture carps of China in the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. 1, p. 3-13, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.07.018.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-116955","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.07.018","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377785,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.8134765625,\n              40.84706035607122\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.68212890625,\n              40.84706035607122\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.68212890625,\n              42.53689200787315\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.8134765625,\n              42.53689200787315\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.8134765625,\n              40.84706035607122\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, Duane 0000-0002-1086-8853 dchapman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-8853","contributorId":1291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Duane","email":"dchapman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Benson, Amy J. 0000-0002-4517-1466 abenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-1466","contributorId":3836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Amy","email":"abenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Embke, Holly S. 0000-0002-9897-7068","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-7068","contributorId":173026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Embke","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":65882,"text":"Midwest Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":797074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"King, Nicole R.","contributorId":239495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":47892,"text":"University of Toledo Lake Erie Center, 6200 Bay Shore Road, Oregon, OH","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kocovsky, Patrick 0000-0003-4325-4265 pkocovsky@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4325-4265","contributorId":150837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocovsky","given":"Patrick","email":"pkocovsky@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lewis, Teresa D.","contributorId":38407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Teresa","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":797078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mandrak, Nicholas E.","contributorId":177869,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mandrak","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":797077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70228659,"text":"70228659 - 2021 - Institutional trust, beliefs, and evaluation of regulations, and management of chronic wasting disease (CWD)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-16T17:47:27.261469","indexId":"70228659","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-19T11:36:31","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1909,"text":"Human Dimensions of Wildlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Institutional trust, beliefs, and evaluation of regulations, and management of chronic wasting disease (CWD)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Institutional trust and perceptions of regulatory efficacy can affect support for management. This study examined how institutional trust, specific trust related to information/management, and support for/perceived efficacy of current regulations related to deer hunters’ attitudes about chronic wasting disease (CWD) management. Results are from a survey of southeastern Minnesota deer hunters from the 2018 season, and suggest acceptance of agency management by a majority of hunters. However, a substantial minority of hunters who perceived the management approach was “too aggressive” believed all CWD regulations were ineffective and opposed regulations other than mandatory disease testing and carcass movement restrictions. Results suggest that a lack of shared values, along with greater trust in agency CWD information and technical competence, correlated with perceiving the management approach as “too aggressive.” Future research is needed to understand the contextual nature of trust and how different elements of trust relate to acceptability of management actions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10871209.2020.1808915","usgsCitation":"Schroeder, S., Landon, A., Cornicelli, L., Fulton, D.C., and McInenly, L., 2021, Institutional trust, beliefs, and evaluation of regulations, and management of chronic wasting disease (CWD): Human Dimensions of Wildlife, v. 26, no. 3, p. 228-244, https://doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2020.1808915.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"228","endPage":"244","ipdsId":"IP-113497","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396023,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.6474609375,\n              43.54854811091286\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.14257812499999,\n              43.54854811091286\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.14257812499999,\n              45.089035564831036\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.6474609375,\n              45.089035564831036\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.6474609375,\n              43.54854811091286\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroeder, Susan A.","contributorId":279437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schroeder","given":"Susan A.","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landon, Adam","contributorId":279439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Landon","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":34923,"text":"Minnesota DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cornicelli, Louis J.","contributorId":279443,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cornicelli","given":"Louis J.","affiliations":[{"id":34923,"text":"Minnesota DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fulton, David C. 0000-0001-5763-7887 dcf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":2208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"dcf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McInenly, Leslie","contributorId":279445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McInenly","given":"Leslie","affiliations":[{"id":34923,"text":"Minnesota DNR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70212553,"text":"70212553 - 2021 - Using simulation to understand annual sea lamprey marking rates on lake trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T15:34:24.412426","indexId":"70212553","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-19T08:58:49","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using simulation to understand annual sea lamprey marking rates on lake trout","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sea lampreys attack fish, killing some and leaving marks on others. Great Lakes fishery managers rely on observed marking rates to assess the success of the sea lamprey control program and estimate sea lamprey-induced mortality of lake trout. Because marking rates are only observed on survivors of sea lamprey attacks, they may not provide a reliable index of actual attack or mortality rates. To investigate the effect of survivor bias, we developed a simulation model representing a single season (June–December) of sea lamprey attacks. Simulated attack rates varied with month and lake trout size; simulated pierce and lethality rates varied with month alone. Surveyed marking rates were represented by simulated survivors in October; true rates were calculated from all simulated lake trout (dead and alive) in December. Simulation results were subsetted to include only those within the range of marking rates actually observed in the Great Lakes. Type A (piercing) marking rates were a good index of the sea lamprey attack rate and the sea lamprey-induced mortality rate if annual lethality rates were relatively constant. Type B (non-piercing) marking rates were a good index of the sea lamprey attack rate and the sea lamprey-induced mortality rate if annual pierce rates were relatively constant. Due to the uncertainty surrounding the pierce and lethality rates, we recommend that sea lamprey abundance information be incorporated in existing lake trout statistical catch-at-age models via a functional response component relating sea lamprey feeding to lake trout abundance, if possible.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2020.08.008","issn":"0380-1330","usgsCitation":"Adams, J.V., Jones, M., and Bence, J., 2021, Using simulation to understand annual sea lamprey marking rates on lake trout: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. Suppl 1, p. S628-S638, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.08.008.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"S628","endPage":"S638","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-109603","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.08.008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377684,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"Suppl 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":126763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[{"id":6600,"text":"Qauntitative Fisheries Center, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bence, James R.","contributorId":95026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bence","given":"James R.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70211821,"text":"70211821 - 2021 - Evidence of host switching: Sea lampreys disproportionately attack Chinook salmon when lake trout abundance is low in Lake Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T12:15:30.319681","indexId":"70211821","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-19T08:11:50","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of host switching: Sea lampreys disproportionately attack Chinook salmon when lake trout abundance is low in Lake Ontario","docAbstract":"<p><span>Lake trout (</span><i>Salvelinus namaycush</i><span>) is the presumed preferred host of the invasive sea lamprey (</span><i>Petromyzon marinus</i><span>) in the Great Lakes, but little is understood about this preference outside of laboratory experiments. By preference we mean sea lamprey attacks on hosts are disproportionate to host relative abundance. The purpose of this study was to quantify host preference of sea lampreys in the field for the first time. We focused our analysis on Lake Ontario, where the two dominant host species for sea lampreys are lake trout and Chinook salmon (</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>). Sea lampreys exhibited a strong preference for lake trout when host abundance was&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mo is=&quot;true&quot;>&amp;#x2265;</mo></mrow></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">≥</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;32% lake trout, but sea lamprey preference switched to Chinook salmon when host abundance was&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow is=&quot;true&quot;><mo is=&quot;true&quot;>&amp;#x2264;</mo></mrow></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">≤</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;13% lake trout. Model results were equivocal with respect to determining whether the primary predictor of sea lamprey preference was relative or absolute abundance of lake trout. Other evidence, particularly the different spatial distributions of the two hosts, suggests that sea lamprey preference for lake trout is based on a higher encounter probability, driven by absolute abundance of lake trout. This study confirms a widely held concern that observed sea lamprey-induced marking rates on lake trout, used to assess the status of sea lamprey control in the Great Lakes, can be influenced by the abundance of alternative hosts. As an alternative host for sea lamprey&nbsp;parasitism, Chinook salmon may contribute to the persistence of lake trout in Lake Ontario.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2020.03.003","usgsCitation":"Adams, J.V., and Jones, M.L., 2021, Evidence of host switching: Sea lampreys disproportionately attack Chinook salmon when lake trout abundance is low in Lake Ontario: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. Supp 1, p. S604-S611, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.03.003.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"S604","endPage":"S611","ipdsId":"IP-111599","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454479,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.03.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377263,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.8486328125,\n              43.004647127794435\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.91552734375,\n              43.004647127794435\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.91552734375,\n              44.29240108529005\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.8486328125,\n              44.29240108529005\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.8486328125,\n              43.004647127794435\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"Supp 1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":795236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Michael L.","contributorId":139526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6596,"text":"Quantitative Fisheries Center, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":795237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70212679,"text":"70212679 - 2021 - Environmental gradients of selection for an alpine-obligate bird, the white-tailed ptarmigan (Lagopus leucura)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-19T16:51:01.09122","indexId":"70212679","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-17T07:30:36","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1890,"text":"Heredity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Environmental gradients of selection for an alpine-obligate bird, the white-tailed ptarmigan <i>(Lagopus leucura)</i>","title":"Environmental gradients of selection for an alpine-obligate bird, the white-tailed ptarmigan (Lagopus leucura)","docAbstract":"<p><span>The warming climate will expose alpine species adapted to a highly seasonal, harsh environment to novel environmental conditions. A species can shift their distribution, acclimate, or adapt in response to a new climate. Alpine species have little suitable habitat to shift their distribution, and the limits of acclimation will likely be tested by climate change in the long-term. Adaptive genetic variation may provide the raw material for species to adapt to this changing environment. Here, we use a genomic approach to describe adaptive divergence in an alpine-obligate species, the white-tailed ptarmigan (</span><i>Lagopus leucura</i><span>), a species distributed from Alaska to New Mexico, across an environmentally variable geographic range. Previous work has identified genetic structure and morphological, behavioral, and physiological differences across the species’ range; however, those studies were unable to determine the degree to which adaptive divergence is correlated with local variation in environmental conditions. We used a genome-wide dataset generated from 95 white-tailed ptarmigan distributed throughout the species’ range and genotype–environment association analyses to identify the genetic signature and environmental drivers of local adaptation. We detected associations between multiple environmental gradients and candidate adaptive loci, suggesting ptarmigan populations may be locally adapted to the plant community composition, elevation, local climate, and to the seasonality of the environment. Overall, our results suggest there may be groups within the species’ range with genetic variation that could be essential for adapting to a changing climate and helpful in guiding conservation action.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41437-020-0352-6","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, S.J., Aldridge, C., Langin, K.M., Wann, G.T., Cornman, R.S., and Oyler-McCance, S.J., 2021, Environmental gradients of selection for an alpine-obligate bird, the white-tailed ptarmigan (Lagopus leucura): Heredity, v. 126, p. 117-131, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41437-020-0352-6.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"131","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-113643","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454482,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41437-020-0352-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":377878,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Canada","state":"Alaska, Washington, Montana, Colorado, New Mexico, Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.236328125,\n              59.66774058164963\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.82031249999997,\n              59.355596110016315\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.337890625,\n              60.930432202923335\n            ],\n            [\n              -138.076171875,\n              58.90464570302001\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.275390625,\n              56.07203547180089\n            ],\n            [\n              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      59.66774058164963\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.841796875,\n              39.30029918615029\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.017578125,\n              34.88593094075317\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.29296874999999,\n              35.31736632923788\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.205078125,\n              38.47939467327645\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.841796875,\n              39.30029918615029\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"126","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zimmerman, Shawna J 0000-0003-3394-6102 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0000-0002-1799-1942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1799-1942","contributorId":239569,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langin","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":47923,"text":"United States Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wann, Gregory T 0000-0001-9076-7819","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9076-7819","contributorId":218685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wann","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"T","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":797278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cornman, Robert S. 0000-0001-9511-2192 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,{"id":70221787,"text":"70221787 - 2021 - Architecture of remnant trees influences native woody plant recruitment in abandoned Hawaiian pastures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-07T00:57:40.11692","indexId":"70221787","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-14T19:55:56","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3086,"text":"Plant Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Architecture of remnant trees influences native woody plant recruitment in abandoned Hawaiian pastures","docAbstract":"<p><span>Abandoned tropical pastures offer opportunities for passive and active restoration of native forest communities. Tree architecture of remnant canopy trees may be one important factor that can facilitate native plant recruitment in abandoned pastures but has largely been overlooked. Here, we evaluated patterns of native woody plant recruitment under remnant trees in abandoned pastures on Hawai’i Island and how these might be related to both tree architectural features and landscape variables. We measured native woody stems (excluding sprouts of the tree itself) in a 5&nbsp;m radius around the base of each tree and modeled total basal area of native stems as a function of tree architectural characteristics. Recruitment was positively correlated with tree height as well as horizontal woody area below 1&nbsp;m (tree structure that occurred below 1&nbsp;m and was &lt; 45° angle from the ground) around the base of trees. Tall trees likely attract more avian seed dispersers due to their higher visibility on the landscape and increased crown volume. Horizontal woody area likely provides establishment microsites that are above the pasture grass layer, similar to how dead or decaying logs act as nurse substrates. Unlike previous studies, we found little evidence that landscape variables such as distance to the intact forest or nearest canopy neighbor influenced understory recruitment. Tree architectural characteristics can be important predictors of native plant recruitment in abandoned tropical pastures and should be considered in addition to local and landscape-level variables.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11258-020-01072-7","usgsCitation":"Rehm, E.M., Yelenik, S.G., Smith, M.P., and D’Antonio, C.M., 2021, Architecture of remnant trees influences native woody plant recruitment in abandoned Hawaiian pastures: Plant Ecology, v. 222, p. 659-667, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-020-01072-7.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"659","endPage":"667","ipdsId":"IP-099626","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":386982,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":818708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Marley Puanani","contributorId":260775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Marley","email":"","middleInitial":"Puanani","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"D’Antonio, Carla M.","contributorId":140014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Antonio","given":"Carla","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13358,"text":"Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":818710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70212479,"text":"70212479 - 2021 - Assessing the assumptions of classification agreement, accuracy, and predictable healing time of sea lamprey wounds on lake trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T15:31:53.762691","indexId":"70212479","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-14T09:40:19","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the assumptions of classification agreement, accuracy, and predictable healing time of sea lamprey wounds on lake trout","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sea lamprey control in the Laurentian Great Lakes relies on records of sea lamprey wounds on lake trout to assess whether control efforts are supporting fisheries management targets. Wounding records have been maintained for 70&nbsp;years under the assumption that they are a reliable and accurate reflection of sea lamprey damage inflicted on fish populations. However, two key assumptions underpinning the use of these data need thorough evaluation: sea lamprey wounds follow a predictable healing progression, and individuals classify wounds accurately and reliably. To assess these assumptions, we conducted a workshop where experienced professionals examined lake trout with known sea lamprey wounds. For most lake trout, pictures were taken at regular intervals during the healing process. Our evaluation of wound pictures found high variability in healing times and wound progressions that did not conform to the currently used classification system. Participants’ wound classification agreement and accuracy were low and misclassification rates were high for most wound types. Training provided during the workshops did not markedly improve these metrics. We assessed wound classification accuracy for the first time and found assumptions of high accuracy and agreement are not met. We recommend misclassification rates be incorporated into models using wound data, sensitivity analyses be conducted to assess the potential impact of wound misclassification on estimates of key metrics (such as sea lamprey-induced mortality for lake trout), and alternative biomarkers be developed to quantify wound status with greater accuracy and precision.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2020.07.016","usgsCitation":"Firkus, T., Murphy, C., Adams, J.V., Treska, T., and Fischer, G.J., 2021, Assessing the assumptions of classification agreement, accuracy, and predictable healing time of sea lamprey wounds on lake trout: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 47, no. Supp 1, p. 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1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Firkus, Tyler","contributorId":238751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Firkus","given":"Tyler","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murphy, Cheryl","contributorId":204632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Cheryl","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":796469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Treska, Ted","contributorId":141105,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Treska","given":"Ted","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":796470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fischer, Gregory J.","contributorId":178010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fischer","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":796471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70212861,"text":"70212861 - 2021 - Elemental and radionuclide exposures and uptakes by small rodents, invertebrates, and vegetation at active and post-production uranium mines in the Grand Canyon watershed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T21:05:48.109321","indexId":"70212861","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-13T20:16:28","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elemental and radionuclide exposures and uptakes by small rodents, invertebrates, and vegetation at active and post-production uranium mines in the Grand Canyon watershed","docAbstract":"<p><span>The effects of breccia pipe uranium mining in the Grand Canyon watershed (Arizona) on ecological and cultural resources are largely unknown. We characterized the exposure of biota to uranium and co-occurring ore body elements during active ore production and at a site where ore production had recently concluded. Our results indicate that biota have taken up uranium and other elements (e.g., arsenic, cadmium, copper, molybdenum, uranium) from exposure to ore and surficial contamination, like blowing dust. Results indicate the potential for prolonged exposure to elements and radionuclides upon conclusion of active ore production. Mean radium-226 in deer mice was up to 4 times greater than uranium-234 and uranium-238 in those same samples; this may indicate a potential for, but does not necessarily imply, radium-226 toxicity. Soil screening benchmarks for uranium and molybdenum and other toxicity thresholds for arsenic, copper, selenium, uranium (e.g., growth effects) were exceeded in vegetation, invertebrates, and rodents (</span><i>Peromyscus</i><span>&nbsp;spp.</span><i>, Thomomys bottae, Tamias dorsalis, Dipodomys deserti</i><span>). However, the prevalence and severity of microscopic lesions in rodent tissues (as direct evidence of biological effects of uptake and exposure) could not be definitively linked to mining. Our data indicate that land managers might consider factors like species, seasonal changes in environmental concentrations, and bioavailability, when determining mine permitting and remediation in the Grand Canyon watershed. Ultimately, our results will be useful for site-specific ecological risk analysis and can support future decisions regarding the mineral extraction withdrawal in the Grand Canyon watershed and elsewhere.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127908","usgsCitation":"Cleveland, D.M., Hinck, J.E., and Lankton, J.S., 2021, Elemental and radionuclide exposures and uptakes by small rodents, invertebrates, and vegetation at active and post-production uranium mines in the Grand Canyon watershed: Chemosphere, v. 263, Article: 127908, 15 p.; Data release, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127908.","productDescription":"Article: 127908, 15 p.; Data release","ipdsId":"IP-118076","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454487,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127908","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":378086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378184,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P94OVQO9","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Chemical analyses and histopathology of organisms and plants collected from breccia pipe uranium mine sites in the Grand Canyon watershed, 2015-2020"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.961181640625,\n              35.67514743608467\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.02783203125,\n              35.67514743608467\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.02783203125,\n              36.94989178681327\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.961181640625,\n              36.94989178681327\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.961181640625,\n              35.67514743608467\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"263","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cleveland, Danielle M. 0000-0003-3880-4584 dcleveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-4584","contributorId":187471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"Danielle","email":"dcleveland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hinck, Jo Ellen 0000-0002-4912-5766 jhinck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4912-5766","contributorId":2743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinck","given":"Jo","email":"jhinck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ellen","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lankton, Julia S. 0000-0002-6843-4388 jlankton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6843-4388","contributorId":5888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lankton","given":"Julia","email":"jlankton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":797720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70214518,"text":"70214518 - 2021 - Movement of synthetic organic compounds in the food web after the introduction of invasive quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) in Lake Mead, Nevada and Arizona, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-30T13:58:19.509788","indexId":"70214518","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-12T08:53:50","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movement of synthetic organic compounds in the food web after the introduction of invasive quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) in Lake Mead, Nevada and Arizona, USA","docAbstract":"<div id=\"ab0005\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"as0005\"><p id=\"sp0060\">Introductions of dreissenid mussels in North America have been a significant concern over the last few decades. This study assessed the distribution of synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) in the food web of Lake Mead, Nevada/Arizona, USA and how this distribution was influenced by the introduction of invasive quagga mussels. A clear spatial gradient of SOC concentrations in water was observed between lake basins downstream of populated areas and more rural areas. Within the food web, trophic magnification factors (TMF) indicated statistically significant biomagnification for nine, and biodilution for two, of 22 SOCs examined. The highest value recorded was for PCB 118 (TMF, 5.14), and biomagnification of methyl triclosan (TMF, 3.85) was also apparent. Biodilution was observed for Tonalide® (0.06) and Galaxolide® (0.38). Total SOC concentration in quagga mussels was higher than in three pelagic fishes. Also, 19 of 20 SOC examined in Largemouth Bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) had substantially lower concentrations in 2013, when quagga mussels had become well established, than in 2007/08, soon after quagga mussels were introduced. Estimates of SOC concentrations in the water column and quagga mussels suggest that a considerable portion (~10.5%) of the SOC mass in the lake has shifted from the pelagic to the benthic environments due to quagga mussel growth. These observations suggest that benthic species, such as the endangered Razorback Sucker, may be experiencing increased risk of SOC exposure. In addition, stable isotope analysis (carbon and nitrogen) indicated a decrease in the nutritional value of zooplankton to consumers (e.g., Razorback Sucker larvae) since quagga mussels became established. These changes could affect Razorback Sucker larval survival and recruitment. Results from this study strongly suggest that the introduction of quagga mussels has greatly altered the dynamics of SOCs and other processes in the food web of Lake Mead.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141845","usgsCitation":"Goodbred, S.L., Rosen, M.R., Patino, R., Alvarez, D.A., Echols, K.R., King, K., and Umek, J., 2021, Movement of synthetic organic compounds in the food web after the introduction of invasive quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) in Lake Mead, Nevada and Arizona, USA: Science of the Total Environment, v. 752, 141845, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141845.","productDescription":"141845, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-113905","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7MW2G0Q","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data for Analysis of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Lake Mead National Recreation Area near Las Vegas, Nevada"},{"id":378899,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Lake Mead","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -115.0762939453125,\n              34.962497232449145\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.0216064453125,\n              34.962497232449145\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.0216064453125,\n              36.681636065615216\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.0762939453125,\n              36.681636065615216\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.0762939453125,\n              34.962497232449145\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"752","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodbred, Steven L. sgoodbred@usgs.gov","contributorId":497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodbred","given":"Steven","email":"sgoodbred@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":799782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosen, Michael R. 0000-0003-3991-0522 mrosen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-0522","contributorId":495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"mrosen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Alvarez, David A. 0000-0002-6918-2709","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-2709","contributorId":220763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarez","given":"David","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Echols, Kathy R. 0000-0003-2631-9143 kechols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-9143","contributorId":2799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Echols","given":"Kathy","email":"kechols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":799786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"King, Kerensa","contributorId":64087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Kerensa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Umek, John","contributorId":23423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Umek","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":799788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70216477,"text":"70216477 - 2021 - Integrating the evidence for a terrestrial carbon sink caused by increasing atmospheric CO2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-26T16:04:40.658298","indexId":"70216477","displayToPublicDate":"2020-08-12T07:12:05","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2863,"text":"New Phytologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating the evidence for a terrestrial carbon sink caused by increasing atmospheric CO2","docAbstract":"<p><span>Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>]) is increasing, which increases leaf‐scale photosynthesis and intrinsic water‐use efficiency. These direct responses have the potential to increase plant growth, vegetation biomass, and soil organic matter; transferring carbon from the atmosphere into terrestrial ecosystems (a carbon sink). A substantial global terrestrial carbon sink would slow the rate of [CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>] increase and thus climate change. However, ecosystem CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;responses are complex or confounded by concurrent changes in multiple agents of global change and evidence for a [CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>]‐driven terrestrial carbon sink can appear contradictory. Here we synthesize theory and broad, multidisciplinary evidence for the effects of increasing [CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>] (iCO</span><sub>2</sub><span>) on the global terrestrial carbon sink. Evidence suggests a substantial increase in global photosynthesis since pre‐industrial times. Established theory, supported by experiments, indicates that iCO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;is likely responsible for about half of the increase. Global carbon budgeting, atmospheric data, and forest inventories indicate a historical carbon sink, and these apparent iCO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;responses are high in comparison to experiments and predictions from theory. Plant mortality and soil carbon iCO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;responses are highly uncertain. In conclusion, a range of evidence supports a positive terrestrial carbon sink in response to iCO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, albeit with uncertain magnitude and strong suggestion of a role for additional agents of global change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"New Phytologist Foundation","doi":"10.1111/nph.16866","usgsCitation":"Walker, A.P., De Kauwe, M.G., Bastos, A., Belmecheri, S., Georgiou, K., Keeling, R.F., McMahon, S.M., Medlyn, B.E., Moore, D.J., Norby, R.J., Zaehle, S., Anderson-Teixeira, K.J., Battipaglia, G., Brienen, R.J., Cabugao, K.G., Cailleret, M., Campbell, E., Canadell, J.G., Ciais, P., Craig, M.E., Ellsworth, D., Farquhar, G., Fatichi, S., Fisher, J.B., Frank, D.C., Graven, H., Gu, L., Haverd, V., Heilman, K.A., Heimann, M., Hungate, B.A., Iverson, C.M., Joos, F., Jiang, M., Keenan, T.F., Knauer, J., Korner, C., Leshyk, V.O., Leuzinger, S., Liu, Y., MacBean, N., Malhi, Y., McVicar, T.R., Penuelas, J., Pongratz, J., Powell, A.S., Riutta, T., Sabot, M.E., Schleucher, J., Sitch, S., Smith, W.K., Sulman, B.N., Taylor, B., Terrer, C., Torn, M.S., Treseder, K.K., Trugman, A.T., Trumbore, S., van Mantgem, P., Voelker, S.L., Whelan, M.E., and Zuidema., P.A., 2021, Integrating the evidence for a terrestrial carbon sink caused by increasing atmospheric CO2: New Phytologist, v. 229, no. 5, p. 2413-2445, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16866.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"2413","endPage":"2445","ipdsId":"IP-117764","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":454492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16866","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":380644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"229","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, Anthony P. 0000-0003-0557-5594","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-5594","contributorId":167843,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walker","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De Kauwe, Martin G 0000-0002-3399-9098","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3399-9098","contributorId":245046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Kauwe","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[{"id":49061,"text":"ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bastos, Ana 0000-0002-7368-7806","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7368-7806","contributorId":245047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bastos","given":"Ana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49063,"text":"Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Luisenstr. 37, Munich, 80333 Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":805245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belmecheri, Soumaya 0000-0003-1258-2741","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1258-2741","contributorId":202418,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belmecheri","given":"Soumaya","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36425,"text":"Laboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona. 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