{"pageNumber":"556","pageRowStart":"13875","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46677,"records":[{"id":70048424,"text":"70048424 - 2013 - Spatial, seasonal, and source variability in the stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of tap waters throughout the USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-25T16:10:14","indexId":"70048424","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T16:06:11","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial, seasonal, and source variability in the stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of tap waters throughout the USA","docAbstract":"To assess spatial, seasonal, and source variability in stable isotopic composition of human drinking waters throughout the entire USA, we have constructed a database of δ<sup>18</sup>O and δ<sup>2</sup>H of US tap waters. An additional purpose was to create a publicly available dataset useful for evaluating the forensic applicability of these isotopes for human tissue source geolocation. Samples were obtained at 349 sites, from diverse population centres, grouped by surface hydrologic units for regional comparisons. Samples were taken concurrently during two contrasting seasons, summer and winter. Source supply (surface, groundwater, mixed, and cistern) and system (public and private) types were noted. The isotopic composition of tap waters exhibits large spatial and regional variation within each season as well as significant at-site differences between seasons at many locations, consistent with patterns found in environmental (river and precipitation) waters deriving from hydrologic processes influenced by geographic factors. However, anthropogenic factors, such as the population of a tap’s surrounding community and local availability from diverse sources, also influence the isotopic composition of tap waters. Even within a locale as small as a single metropolitan area, tap waters with greatly differing isotopic compositions can be found, so that tap water within a region may not exhibit the spatial or temporal coherence predicted for environmental water. Such heterogeneities can be confounding factors when attempting forensic inference of source water location, and they underscore the necessity of measurements, not just predictions, with which to characterize the isotopic composition of regional tap waters. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10004","usgsCitation":"Landwehr, J.M., Coplen, T.B., and Stewart, D.W., 2013, Spatial, seasonal, and source variability in the stable oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of tap waters throughout the USA: Hydrological Processes, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10004.","productDescription":"41 p.","ipdsId":"IP-026338","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278112,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hyp.10004/abstract"},{"id":282785,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282784,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10004"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 173.0,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,71.833333 ], [ -66.95,16.916667 ], [ 173.0,16.916667 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7399e4b0b290851090a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landwehr, Jurate M. jmlandwe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landwehr","given":"Jurate","email":"jmlandwe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":484615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, David W. dwstewar@usgs.gov","contributorId":2390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"David","email":"dwstewar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":484617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70094485,"text":"70094485 - 2013 - Factors controlling floc settling velocity along a longitudinal estuarine transect","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-05T14:20:10.591306","indexId":"70094485","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T15:14:12","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors controlling floc settling velocity along a longitudinal estuarine transect","docAbstract":"A 147 km longitudinal transect of flocculated cohesive sediment properties in San Francisco Bay (SFB) was conducted on June 17th, 2008. Our aim was to determine the factors that control floc settling velocity along the longitudinal axis of the estuary. The INSSEV-LF video system was used to measure floc diameters and settling velocities at 30 stations at a distance of 0.7 m above the estuary bed. Floc sizes (D) ranged from 22 μm to 639 μm and settling velocities (Ws) ranged between 0.04 mm·s<sup>− 1</sup> and 15.8 mm·s<sup>− 1</sup> during the longitudinal transect. Nearbed turbulent shear stresses throughout the transect duration were within the 0.2–0.5 Pa range which typically stimulates flocculation growth. The individual D–Ws–floc density plots suggest the suspended sediments encountered throughout SFB were composed of both muddy cohesive sediment and mixed sediments flocs. Mass-weighted population mean settling velocity (Ws<sub>mass</sub>) ranged from 0.5 mm·s<sup>− 1</sup> to 10 mm·s<sup>− 1</sup>. The macrofloc and microfloc (demarcation at 160 μm) sub-populations demonstrated parameterised settling velocities which spanned nearly double the range of the sample mean settling velocities (Ws<sub>mean</sub>). The macroflocs tended to dominate the suspended mass (up to 77% of the ambient suspended solid concentration; SSC) from San Pablo Bay to Carquinez Strait (the vicinity of the turbidity maximum zone). Microfloc mass was particularly significant (typically 60–100% of the SSC) in the northern section of South Bay and most of Central Bay. The transect took eleven hours to complete and was not fully synoptic. During slack tide, larger and faster settling flocs deposited, accounting for most of the longitudinal variability. The best single predictor of settling velocity was water velocity 39 min prior to sampling, not suspended-sediment concentration or salinity. Resuspension and settling lags are likely responsible for the lagged response of settling velocity to water velocity. The distribution of individual floc diameters and settling velocities indicates that floc density for a given floc diameter varies greatly. A small portion (a few percent) of suspended sediment mass in SFB is sand-sized and inclusion of sand in flocs appears likely. Fractal theory for cohesive sediment assumes that there is a single primary particle size that flocculates, which is not the case for these types of mixed sediment flocs. The wide variability in the physical, biological and chemical processes which contribute to flocculation within SFB means that spatial floc data is required in order to accurately represent the diverse floc dynamics present in the Bay system. The importance in determining accurate estimates of floc density has been highlighted by the SFB data, as these provide the basis for realistic distributions of floc dry mass and the mass settling flux across a floc population. However, although video floc sampling devices can produce the various floc property trends observed in SFB, good survey practice is still paramount. One can see that if the sampling coverage (i.e. data collection frequency) is poor, this could lead to potential mis-interpretations of the data and only limited conclusions may be drawn from such a restricted survey. For example, a limited survey (i.e. only 3 stations, compared to the 10 stations in the full survey) in South Bay produces an under-estimate in both the macrofloc SSC<sub>macro</sub> distribution by a factor of four and the Ws<sub>macro</sub> by a factor of two. To develop sediment transport numerical models for SFB, high quality floc size and settling data are needed to understand and simulate the depositional qualities of both suspended cohesive sediment and mixed sediments in San Francisco Bay. This study has shown that the most pragmatic solution is a physically-based approach, whereby the detailed flocs D vs. Ws spectra are parameterised in terms of their macrofloc and microfloc properties. This aids in model calibration, whilst retaining more of the dynamical aspects of the floc populations. All forms of flocculation are dynamically active processes, therefore it is important to also include both SSC and turbulence functions together with the floc data.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2013.06.018","usgsCitation":"Manning, A., and Schoellhamer, D., 2013, Factors controlling floc settling velocity along a longitudinal estuarine transect: Marine Geology, v. 345, p. 266-280, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.06.018.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"266","endPage":"280","numberOfPages":"15","ipdsId":"IP-011207","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282591,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.6349,37.4225 ], [ -122.6349,38.277 ], [ -121.6324,38.277 ], [ -121.6324,37.4225 ], [ -122.6349,37.4225 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"345","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd58fbe4b0b290850f86f5","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":147147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790422,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790423,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790424,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Manning, A.J.","contributorId":54106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manning","given":"A.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70048199,"text":"70048199 - 2013 - Groundwater ages and mixing in the Piceance Basin natural gas province, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-08T15:14:21","indexId":"70048199","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T15:04:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater ages and mixing in the Piceance Basin natural gas province, Colorado","docAbstract":"Reliably identifying the effects of energy development on groundwater quality can be difficult because baseline assessments of water quality completed before the onset of energy development are rare and because interactions between hydrocarbon reservoirs and aquifers can be complex, involving both natural and human processes. Groundwater age and mixing data can strengthen interpretations of monitoring data from those areas by providing better understanding of the groundwater flow systems. Chemical, isotopic, and age tracers were used to characterize groundwater ages and mixing with deeper saline water in three areas of the Piceance Basin natural gas province. The data revealed a complex array of groundwater ages (<10 to >50,000 years) and mixing patterns in the basin that helped explain concentrations and sources of methane in groundwater. Age and mixing data also can strengthen the design of monitoring programs by providing information on time scales at which water quality changes in aquifers might be expected to occur. This information could be used to establish maximum allowable distances of monitoring wells from energy development activity and the appropriate duration of monitoring.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es402473c","usgsCitation":"McMahon, P.B., Thomas, J.C., and Hunt, A.G., 2013, Groundwater ages and mixing in the Piceance Basin natural gas province, Colorado: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 47, no. 23, p. 13250-13257, https://doi.org/10.1021/es402473c.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"13250","endPage":"13257","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-051460","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":280764,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280762,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es402473c"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Garfield County;Rio Blanco County","otherGeospatial":"Piceance Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.05,38.39 ], [ -109.05,40.22 ], [ -107.04,40.22 ], [ -107.04,38.39 ], [ -109.05,38.39 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"47","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5fe3e4b0b290850fc93d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, Peter B. 0000-0001-7452-2379 pmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Peter","email":"pmcmahon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Judith C. 0000-0001-7883-1419 juthomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-1419","contributorId":1468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Judith","email":"juthomas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36532,"text":"Central Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":1582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":483976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70111902,"text":"70111902 - 2013 - A landscape-based assessment of climate change vulnerability for all native Hawaiian plants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-01T15:05:56","indexId":"70111902","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T14:54:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"TR HCSU-044","title":"A landscape-based assessment of climate change vulnerability for all native Hawaiian plants","docAbstract":"<p>In Hawaiʽi and elsewhere, research efforts have focused on two main approaches to determine the potential impacts of climate change on individual species: estimating species vulnerabilities and projecting responses of species to expected changes. We integrated these approaches by defining vulnerability as the inability of species to exhibit any of the responses necessary for persistence under climate change (i.e., tolerate projected changes, endure in microrefugia, or migrate to new climate-compatible areas, but excluding evolutionary adaptation).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>To operationalize this response-based definition of species vulnerability within a landscape-based analysis, we used current and future climate envelopes for each species to define zones across the landscape: the toleration zone; the microrefugia zone; and the migration zone. Using these response zones we calculated a diverse set of factors related to habitat area, quality, and distribution for each species, including the amount of habitat protection and fragmentation and areas projected to be lost to sea-level rise. We then calculated the probabilities of each species exhibiting these responses using a Bayesian network model and determined the overall climate change vulnerability of each species by using a vulnerability index. As a first iteration of a response-based species vulnerability assessment (VA), our landscape-based analysis effectively integrates species-distribution models into a Bayesian network-based VA that can be updated with improved models and data for more refined analyses in the future.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Our results show that the species most vulnerable to climate change also tend to be species of conservation concern due to non-climatic threats (e.g., competition and predation from invasive species, land-use change). Also, many of Hawaiʽi’s taxa that are most vulnerable to climate change share characteristics with species that in the past were found to be at risk of extinction due to non-climatic threats (e.g., archipelago endemism, single-island endemism). Of particular concern are the numerous species that have no compatible-climate areas remaining by the year 2100. Species primarily associated with dry forests have higher vulnerability scores than species from any other habitat type. When examined at taxonomic levels above species, low vulnerabilities are concentrated in families and genera of generalists (e.g., ferns or sedges) and typically associated with mid-elevation wet habitats. Our results replicate findings from other regions that link higher species vulnerability with decreasing range size.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>This species VA is possibly the largest in scope ever conducted in the United States with over 1000 species considered, 319 of which are listed as endangered or threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act, filling a critical knowledge gap for resource managers in the region. The information in this assessment can help prioritize species for special conservation actions, guide the management of conservation areas, inform the selection of research and monitoring priorities, and support adaptive management planning and implementation.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit Technical Report","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Fortini, L.B., Price, J., Jacobi, J., Vorsino, A., Burgett, J., Brinck, K., Amidon, F., Miller, S., `Ohukani`ohi`a Gon, S., Koob, G., and Paxton, E., 2013, A landscape-based assessment of climate change vulnerability for all native Hawaiian plants, v, 134 p.","productDescription":"v, 134 p.","numberOfPages":"141","ipdsId":"IP-052457","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289344,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288195,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hilo.hawaii.edu/hcsu/publications.php"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -178.31,18.91 ], [ -178.31,28.4 ], [ -154.81,28.4 ], [ -154.81,18.91 ], [ -178.31,18.91 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3d860e4b07c5f79a7f324","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fortini, Lucas B. 0000-0002-5781-7295 lfortini@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5781-7295","contributorId":4645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortini","given":"Lucas","email":"lfortini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Price, Jonathan","contributorId":27789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"Jonathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jacobi, James","contributorId":21073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobi","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vorsino, Adam","contributorId":29740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vorsino","given":"Adam","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burgett, Jeff","contributorId":40132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgett","given":"Jeff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brinck, Kevin W. 0000-0001-7581-2482 kbrinck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7581-2482","contributorId":3847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brinck","given":"Kevin W.","email":"kbrinck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Amidon, Fred","contributorId":62934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amidon","given":"Fred","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":494528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Miller, Steve","contributorId":77461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"`Ohukani`ohi`a Gon, Sam III","contributorId":60961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"`Ohukani`ohi`a Gon","given":"Sam","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Koob, Gregory","contributorId":12377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koob","given":"Gregory","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Paxton, Eben H. 0000-0001-5578-7689 epaxton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-7689","contributorId":438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paxton","given":"Eben H.","email":"epaxton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70094488,"text":"70094488 - 2013 - Comparison of sediment supply to San Francisco Bay from watersheds draining the Bay Area and the Central Valley of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-05T14:23:39.123768","indexId":"70094488","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T14:39:58","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of sediment supply to San Francisco Bay from watersheds draining the Bay Area and the Central Valley of California","docAbstract":"Quantifying suspended sediment loads is important for managing the world's estuaries in the context of navigation, pollutant transport, wetland restoration, and coastal erosion. To address these needs, a comprehensive analysis was completed on sediment supply to San Francisco Bay from fluvial sources. Suspended sediment, optical backscatter, velocity data near the head of the estuary, and discharge data obtained from the output of a water balance model were used to generate continuous suspended sediment concentration records and compute loads to the Bay from the large Central Valley watershed. Sediment loads from small tributary watersheds around the Bay were determined using 235 station-years of suspended sediment data from 38 watershed locations, regression analysis, and simple modeling. Over 16 years, net annual suspended sediment load to the head of the estuary from its 154,000 km<sup>2</sup> Central Valley watershed varied from 0.13 to 2.58 (mean = 0.89) million metric t of suspended sediment, or an average yield of 11 metric t/km<sup>2</sup>/yr. Small tributaries, totaling 8145 km<sup>2</sup>, in the nine-county Bay Area discharged between 0.081 and 4.27 (mean = 1.39) million metric t with a mean yield of 212 metric t/km<sup>2</sup>/yr. The results indicate that the hundreds of urbanized and tectonically active tributaries adjacent to the Bay, which together account for just 5% of the total watershed area draining to the Bay and provide just 7% of the annual average fluvial flow, supply 61% of the suspended sediment. The small tributary loads are more variable (53-fold between years compared to 21-fold for the inland Central Valley rivers) and dominated fluvial sediment supply to the Bay during 10 out of 16 yr. If San Francisco Bay is typical of other estuaries in active tectonic or climatically variable coastal regimes, managers responsible for water quality, dredging and reusing sediment accumulating in shipping channels, or restoring wetlands in the world's estuaries may need to more carefully account for proximal small urbanized watersheds that may dominate sediment supply.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2013.03.003","usgsCitation":"McKee, L., Lewicki, M., Schoellhamer, D., and Ganju, N., 2013, Comparison of sediment supply to San Francisco Bay from watersheds draining the Bay Area and the Central Valley of California: Marine Geology, v. 345, p. 47-62, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.03.003.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"62","numberOfPages":"16","ipdsId":"IP-039414","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282589,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Valley, San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.5303,37.0069 ], [ -123.5303,38.6941 ], [ -120.8716,38.6941 ], [ -120.8716,37.0069 ], [ -123.5303,37.0069 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"345","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5213e4b0b290850f44fc","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":2880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":790428,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790429,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":790430,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"McKee, L.J.","contributorId":84562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewicki, M.","contributorId":65379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewicki","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465 nganju@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":140088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","email":"nganju@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":490627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70093224,"text":"70093224 - 2013 - Dredging and contaminant exposure to tree swallows nesting on the upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-05T14:37:17","indexId":"70093224","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T14:33:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dredging and contaminant exposure to tree swallows nesting on the upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"n 2008 and 2009, dredge material from the Mississippi River in Pool 8 south of Brownsville, Minnesota was used to construct nearby islands. Chemical analysis of sediment in 2001 and 2002 in the area to be dredged indicated detectable concentrations of organic and inorganic contaminants. Tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor), whose diet is mainly aquatic invertebrates, were used to evaluate contaminant exposure in both the dredged and newly created habitat. Organic and inorganic contaminant data were collected from tree swallows in 2007 through 2010 at one study site near the dredging operation, a reference study site upriver from the dredging activity, one study site down river from the dredging activity, and one study site on a newly created island (2009 and 2010 only). Organic and element concentrations were at background levels in all samples. Polychlorinated biphenyl and p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene concentrations in tree swallow nestlings decreased at all study sites over the period 2007 to 2010 including the island study site between 2009 and 2010. Element concentrations in tree swallow livers for the non-island study sites did not show a trend among years in relation to the dredging. Selenium concentrations at the newly created island were higher and cadmium concentrations were lower in 2010 than 2009. Hatching success of eggs in successful nests was not associated with dredging activities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10661-013-3234-z","usgsCitation":"Custer, T.W., Dummer, P.M., Custer, C.M., and Warburton, D., 2013, Dredging and contaminant exposure to tree swallows nesting on the upper Mississippi River: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 185, no. 11, p. 9043-9053, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3234-z.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"9043","endPage":"9053","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-043278","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282048,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282047,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3234-z"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota;Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.45,43.5122 ], [ -92.45,44.5781 ], [ -91.1475,44.5781 ], [ -91.1475,43.5122 ], [ -92.45,43.5122 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"185","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd55d1e4b0b290850f68b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3170-6519 tcuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":2835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dummer, Paul M. 0000-0002-2055-9480 pdummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2055-9480","contributorId":3015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dummer","given":"Paul","email":"pdummer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Custer, Christine M. 0000-0003-0500-1582 ccuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-1582","contributorId":1143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Christine","email":"ccuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Warburton, David","contributorId":46411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warburton","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70041881,"text":"70041881 - 2013 - Identifying the dynamic characteristics of a dual core-wall and frame building in Chile using aftershocks of the 27 February 2010 (M<sub>w</sub>=8.8) Maule, Chile, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-14T14:35:44","indexId":"70041881","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying the dynamic characteristics of a dual core-wall and frame building in Chile using aftershocks of the 27 February 2010 (M<sub>w</sub>=8.8) Maule, Chile, earthquake","docAbstract":"Following the 27 February 2010 (M<sub>w</sub> = 8.8) Offshore Maule, Chile earthquake, a temporary, 16-channel, real-time data streaming array was installed in a recently constructed building in Viña del Mar to capture its responses to aftershocks. The cast-in-place, reinforced concrete building is 16 stories high, with 3 additional basement levels, and has dual system comprising multiple structural walls and perimeter frames. This building was not damaged during the main-shock, but other buildings of similar design in Viña del Mar and other parts of Chile were damaged, although none collapsed. Dynamic characteristics of the building identified from the low-amplitude (PGA of about 2 Gal) response recordings of aftershocks are found to compare well with those determined from modal analyses using a design level FEM model. Distinct “major-axes” translational and torsional fundamental frequencies, as well as frequencies of secondary modes, are identified. Evidence of beating is consistently observed in the response data for each earthquake. Results do not match well with U.S. code formulas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Spectra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","doi":"10.1193/011812EQS012M","usgsCitation":"Çelebi, M., Sereci, M., Boroschek, R., Carreno, R., and Bonelli, P., 2013, Identifying the dynamic characteristics of a dual core-wall and frame building in Chile using aftershocks of the 27 February 2010 (M<sub>w</sub>=8.8) Maule, Chile, earthquake: Earthquake Spectra, v. 29, no. 4, p. 1233-1254, https://doi.org/10.1193/011812EQS012M.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"1233","endPage":"1254","numberOfPages":"22","ipdsId":"IP-028467","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281042,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281041,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1193/011812EQS012M"}],"country":"Chile","state":"Talca Province","city":"Maule","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.7899,-36.5457 ], [ -72.7899,-34.7119 ], [ -70.326,-34.7119 ], [ -70.326,-36.5457 ], [ -72.7899,-36.5457 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd61fce4b0b290850fde02","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Çelebi, Mehmet","contributorId":27493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Çelebi","given":"Mehmet","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sereci, Mark","contributorId":92969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sereci","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boroschek, Ruben","contributorId":32826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boroschek","given":"Ruben","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carreno, Rodrigo","contributorId":21460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carreno","given":"Rodrigo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bonelli, Patricio","contributorId":14731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonelli","given":"Patricio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":470287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70112522,"text":"70112522 - 2013 - Changes in surfzone morphodynamics driven by multi-decadal contraction of a large ebb-tidal delta","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-05T13:55:39.88378","indexId":"70112522","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T14:16:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in surfzone morphodynamics driven by multi-decadal contraction of a large ebb-tidal delta","docAbstract":"<p>The impact of multi-decadal, large-scale deflation (76 million m<sup>3</sup> of sediment loss) and contraction (~ 1 km) of a 150 km<sup>2</sup> ebb-tidal delta on hydrodynamics and sediment transport at adjacent Ocean Beach in San Francisco, CA (USA), is examined using a coupled wave and circulation model. The model is forced with representative wave and tidal conditions using recent (2005) and historic (1956) ebb-tidal delta bathymetry data sets. Comparison of the simulations indicates that along north/south trending Ocean Beach the contraction and deflation of the ebb-tidal delta have resulted in significant differences in the flow and sediment dynamics. Between 1956 and 2005 the transverse bar (the shallow attachment point of the ebb-tidal delta to the shoreline) migrated northward ~ 1 km toward the inlet while a persistent alongshore flow and transport divergence point migrated south by ~ 500 m such that these features now overlap. A reduction in tidal prism and sediment supply over the last century has resulted in a net decrease in offshore tidal current-generated sediment transport at the mouth of San Francisco Bay, and a relative increase in onshore-directed wave-driven transport toward the inlet, accounting for the observed contraction of the ebb-tidal delta. Alongshore migration of the transverse bar and alongshore flow divergence have resulted in an increasing proportion of onshore migrating sediment from the ebb-tidal delta to be transported north along the beach in 2005 versus south in 1956. The northerly migrating sediment is then trapped by Pt. Lobos, a rocky headland at the northern extreme of the beach, consistent with the observed shoreline accretion in this area. Conversely, alongshore migration of the transverse bar and divergence point has decreased the sediment supply to southern Ocean Beach, consistent with the observed erosion of the shoreline in this area. This study illustrates the utility of applying a high-resolution coupled circulation-wave model for understanding coastal response to large-scale bathymetric changes over multi-decadal timescales, common to many coastal systems adjacent to urbanized estuaries and watersheds worldwide.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2013.07.005","usgsCitation":"Hansen, J., Elias, E., and Barnard, P., 2013, Changes in surfzone morphodynamics driven by multi-decadal contraction of a large ebb-tidal delta: Marine Geology, v. 345, p. 221-234, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.07.005.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"234","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288647,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.2546,37.333 ], [ -123.2546,38.2598 ], [ -121.9279,38.2598 ], [ -121.9279,37.333 ], [ -123.2546,37.333 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"345","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7652e4b0abf75cf2bf24","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Barnard, P.L.","contributorId":20527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509886,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaffe, B.E.","contributorId":112487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509888,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoellhamer, D. H. 0000-0001-9488-7340","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":85624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"D. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":509887,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Jeff E.","contributorId":60339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Jeff E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elias, Edwin","contributorId":50615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Edwin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L.","contributorId":54936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70048765,"text":"fs20133071 - 2013 - Research on pathogens at Great Lakes beaches: sampling, influential factors, and potential sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-14T17:36:27","indexId":"fs20133071","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T14:09:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3071","title":"Research on pathogens at Great Lakes beaches: sampling, influential factors, and potential sources","docAbstract":"The overall mission of this work is to provide science-based information and methods that will allow beach managers to more accurately make beach closure and advisory decisions, understand the sources and physical processes affecting beach contaminants, and understand how science-based information can be used to mitigate and restore beaches and protect the public.\n\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in collaboration with many Federal, State, and local agencies and universities, has conducted research on beach health issues in the Great Lakes Region for more than a decade. The work consists of four science elements that align with the USGS Beach Health Initiative Mission: real-time assessments of water quality; coastal processes; pathogens and source tracking; and data analysis, interpretation, and communication. The ongoing or completed research for the pathogens and source tracking topic is described in this fact sheet.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133071","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2013, Research on pathogens at Great Lakes beaches: sampling, influential factors, and potential sources: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3071, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133071.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133071.gif"},{"id":278646,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3071/pdf/fs2013-3071.pdf"},{"id":278645,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3071/"}],"state":"Michigan;New York;Ohio;Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes;Lake Erie;Lake Huron;Lake Michigan","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -88.18,41.34 ], [ -88.18,46.53 ], [ -78.73,46.53 ], [ -78.73,41.34 ], [ -88.18,41.34 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5274c67fe4b089748f071330","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70059023,"text":"70059023 - 2013 - Atmospheric deposition and critical loads for nitrogen and metals in Arctic Alaska: Review and current status","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-20T14:57:40","indexId":"70059023","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T14:09:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2950,"text":"Open Journal of Air Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atmospheric deposition and critical loads for nitrogen and metals in Arctic Alaska: Review and current status","docAbstract":"To protect important resources under their bureau’s purview, the United States National Park Service’s (NPS) Arctic Network (ARCN) has developed a series of “vital signs” that are to be periodically monitored. One of these vital signs focuses on wet and dry deposition of atmospheric chemicals and further, the establishment of critical load (CL) values (thresholds for ecological effects based on cumulative depositional loadings) for nitrogen (N), sulfur, and metals. As part of the ARCN terrestrial monitoring programs, samples of the feather moss Hylocomium splendens are being col- lected and analyzed as a cost-effective means to monitor atmospheric pollutant deposition in this region. Ultimately, moss data combined with refined CL values might be used to help guide future regulation of atmospheric contaminant sources potentially impacting Arctic Alaska. But first, additional long-term studies are needed to determine patterns of contaminant deposition as measured by moss biomonitors and to quantify ecosystem responses at particular loadings/ ranges of contaminants within Arctic Alaska. Herein we briefly summarize 1) current regulatory guidance related to CL values 2) derivation of CL models for N and metals, 3) use of mosses as biomonitors of atmospheric deposition and loadings, 4) preliminary analysis of vulnerabilities and risks associated with CL estimates for N, 5) preliminary analysis of existing data for characterization of CL values for N for interior Alaska and 6) implications for managers and future research needs.","language":"English","publisher":"Scientific Research","doi":"10.4236/ojap.2013.24010","usgsCitation":"Linder, G.L., Brumbaugh, W.G., Neitlich, P., and Little, E., 2013, Atmospheric deposition and critical loads for nitrogen and metals in Arctic Alaska: Review and current status: Open Journal of Air Pollution, v. 2, p. 76-99, https://doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2013.24010.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"76","endPage":"99","ipdsId":"IP-045962","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2013.24010","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281392,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281390,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2013.24010"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -167.15,66.71 ], [ -167.15,70.73 ], [ -147.05,70.73 ], [ -147.05,66.71 ], [ -167.15,66.71 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4e68e4b0b290850f2145","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Linder, Greg L. linder2@usgs.gov","contributorId":1766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linder","given":"Greg","email":"linder2@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":487428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brumbaugh, William G. 0000-0003-0081-375X bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-375X","contributorId":493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brumbaugh","given":"William","email":"bbrumbaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":487427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neitlich, Peter","contributorId":64562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neitlich","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Little, Edward","contributorId":90638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Little","given":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":487430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70048759,"text":"fs20133068 - 2013 - Tools for beach health data management, data processing, and predictive model implementation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-14T17:33:35","indexId":"fs20133068","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T13:59:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2013-3068","title":"Tools for beach health data management, data processing, and predictive model implementation","docAbstract":"This fact sheet describes utilities created for management of recreational waters to provide efficient data management, data aggregation, and predictive modeling as well as a prototype geographic information system (GIS)-based tool for data visualization and summary. All of these utilities were developed to assist beach managers in making decisions to protect public health. The Environmental Data Discovery and Transformation (EnDDaT) Web service identifies, compiles, and sorts environmental data from a variety of sources that help to define climatic, hydrologic, and hydrodynamic characteristics including multiple data sources within the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The Great Lakes Beach Health Database (GLBH-DB) and Web application was designed to provide a flexible input, export, and storage platform for beach water quality and sanitary survey monitoring data to compliment beach monitoring programs within the Great Lakes. A real-time predictive modeling strategy was implemented by combining the capabilities of EnDDaT and the GLBH-DB for timely, automated prediction of beach water quality. The GIS-based tool was developed to map beaches based on their physical and biological characteristics, which was shared with multiple partners to provide concepts and information for future Web-accessible beach data outlets.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20133068","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2013, Tools for beach health data management, data processing, and predictive model implementation: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013-3068, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20133068.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":278643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20133068.gif"},{"id":278641,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3068/"},{"id":278642,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3068/pdf/fs2013-3068.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5274c67fe4b089748f071333","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70093195,"text":"70093195 - 2013 - Scientific results of the Second Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition in the Ulleung Basin (UBGH2)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-28T15:24:48","indexId":"70093195","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T13:56:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scientific results of the Second Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition in the Ulleung Basin (UBGH2)","docAbstract":"As a part of Korean National Gas Hydrate Program, the Second Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition (UBGH2) was conducted from 9 July to 30 September, 2010 in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, offshore Korea using the D/V Fugro Synergy. The UBGH2 was performed to understand the distribution of gas hydrates as required for a resource assessment and to find potential candidate sites suitable for a future offshore production test, especially targeting gas hydrate-bearing sand bodies in the basin. The UBGH2 sites were distributed across most of the basin and were selected to target mainly sand-rich turbidite deposits. The 84-day long expedition consisted of two phases. The first phase included logging-while-drilling/measurements-while-drilling (LWD/MWD) operations at 13 sites. During the second phase, sediment cores were collected from 18 holes at 10 of the 13 LWD/MWD sites. Wireline logging (WL) and vertical seismic profile (VSP) data were also acquired after coring operations at two of these 10 sites. In addition, seafloor visual observation, methane sensing, as well as push-coring and sampling using a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) were conducted during both phases of the expedition. Recovered gas hydrates occurred either as pore-filling medium associated with discrete turbidite sand layers, or as fracture-filling veins and nodules in muddy sediments. Gas analyses indicated that the methane within the sampled gas hydrates is primarily of biogenic origin.\n\nThis paper provides a summary of the operational and scientific results of the UBGH2 expedition as described in 24 papers that make up this special issue of the Journal of Marine and Petroleum Geology.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.07.007","usgsCitation":"Ryu, B., Collett, T.S., Riedel, M., Kim, G., Chun, J., Bahk, J., Lee, J., Kim, J., and Yoo, D., 2013, Scientific results of the Second Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition in the Ulleung Basin (UBGH2): Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 47, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.07.007.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"20","ipdsId":"IP-050115","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282034,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281994,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.07.007"}],"country":"Korea","otherGeospatial":"East Sea Of Korea;Ulleung Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 129.0,35.0 ], [ 129.0,38.0 ], [ 133.0,38.0 ], [ 133.0,35.0 ], [ 129.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7187e4b0b29085107bde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryu, Byong-Jae","contributorId":6375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryu","given":"Byong-Jae","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riedel, Michael","contributorId":7518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kim, Gil-Young","contributorId":45220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Gil-Young","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chun, Jong-Hwa","contributorId":107611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chun","given":"Jong-Hwa","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bahk, Jang-Jun","contributorId":12781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahk","given":"Jang-Jun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lee, Joo Yong","contributorId":82222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Joo Yong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kim, Ji-Hoon","contributorId":105547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Ji-Hoon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Yoo, Dong-Geun","contributorId":99044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yoo","given":"Dong-Geun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70093193,"text":"70093193 - 2013 - Scale-dependent gas hydrate saturation estimates in sand reservoirs in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-05T13:54:41","indexId":"70093193","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T13:52:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scale-dependent gas hydrate saturation estimates in sand reservoirs in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea","docAbstract":"Through the use of 2-D and 3-D seismic data, several gas hydrate prospects were identified in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea and thirteen drill sites were established and logging-while-drilling (LWD) data were acquired from each site in 2010. Sites UBGH2–6 and UBGH2–10 were selected to test a series of high amplitude seismic reflections, possibly from sand reservoirs. LWD logs from the UBGH2–6 well indicate that there are three significant sand reservoirs with varying thickness. Two upper sand reservoirs are water saturated and the lower thinly bedded sand reservoir contains gas hydrate with an average saturation of 13%, as estimated from the P-wave velocity. The well logs at the UBGH2–6 well clearly demonstrated the effect of scale-dependency on gas hydrate saturation estimates. Gas hydrate saturations estimated from the high resolution LWD acquired ring resistivity (vertical resolution of about 5–8 cm) reaches about 90% with an average saturation of 28%, whereas gas hydrate saturations estimated from the low resolution A40L resistivity (vertical resolution of about 120 cm) reaches about 25% with an average saturation of 11%. However, in the UBGH2–10 well, gas hydrate occupies a 5-m thick sand reservoir near 135 mbsf with a maximum saturation of about 60%. In the UBGH2–10 well, the average and a maximum saturation estimated from various well logging tools are comparable, because the bed thickness is larger than the vertical resolution of the various logging tools. High resolution wireline log data further document the role of scale-dependency on gas hydrate calculations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.09.004","usgsCitation":"Lee, M.W., and Collett, T.S., 2013, Scale-dependent gas hydrate saturation estimates in sand reservoirs in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 47, p. 195-203, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.09.004.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"203","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-038671","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473455,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.09.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":281992,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.09.004"},{"id":282033,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Korea","otherGeospatial":"East Sea Of Korea;Ulleung Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 129.0,35.0 ], [ 129.0,38.0 ], [ 133.0,38.0 ], [ 133.0,35.0 ], [ 129.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7178e4b0b29085107b2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Myung Woong","contributorId":15114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"","middleInitial":"Woong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70047732,"text":"70047732 - 2013 - Microbial source tracking as a tool for TMDL development, Little Blue River in Independence, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T16:31:47","indexId":"70047732","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T13:44:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Microbial source tracking as a tool for TMDL development, Little Blue River in Independence, Missouri","docAbstract":"<p>The Little Blue River in Jackson County, Missouri has been listed by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources as impaired by bacteria for the protection of aquatic life and contact recreation from urban point and nonpoint sources. The Clean Water Act requires that a total maximum daily load (TMDL) for Escherichia coli (E. coli) be developed. Over a 5-year period, 108 base-flow, 87 stormflow, 48 fecal source, and 12 sewage influent samples were collected and analyzed for E. coli and Bacteroides general and host-associated microbial source tracking (MST) genetic markers. Less than half of the main-stem base-flow samples exceeded the E. coli state standard, whereas, all of the stormflow samples exceeded the standard during the recreation season (April through October). Both E. coli and MST markers were detected more frequently and at higher concentrations in stormflow samples. Only 14 percent of samples with E. coli detections greater than the Missouri state standard of 206 colonies per 100 milliliters had the human-associated Bacteroides marker as the only identified marker; therefore, Little Blue River TMDL development may require a broader scope beyond the municipal separate storm sewer system if bacteria sources are to be identified and addressed. Fecal samples showed a greater specificity with the human-associated marker than the dog- or ruminant-associated Bacteroides markers; however, false positives were at least one order of magnitude lower than true positives. MST data may be a useful tool for identifying probable sources of contamination and directing TMDL strategies.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"WEFTEC: The Water Quality Event","conferenceLocation":"Chicago, IL","language":"English","publisher":"Water Environment Federation","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","doi":"10.2175/193864713813726920","usgsCitation":"Christensen, E.D., Bushon, R.N., and Brady, A., 2013, Microbial source tracking as a tool for TMDL development, Little Blue River in Independence, Missouri, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.2175/193864713813726920.","productDescription":"4 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Eric D. echriste@usgs.gov","contributorId":4230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christensen","given":"Eric","email":"echriste@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":396,"text":"Missouri Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bushon, Rebecca N. rnbushon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bushon","given":"Rebecca","email":"rnbushon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brady, Amie M. G.","contributorId":29774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"Amie M. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70112504,"text":"70112504 - 2013 - The use of modeling and suspended sediment concentration measurements for quantifying net suspended sediment transport through a large tidally dominated inlet","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-05T14:52:04.442498","indexId":"70112504","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T13:41:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The use of modeling and suspended sediment concentration measurements for quantifying net suspended sediment transport through a large tidally dominated inlet","docAbstract":"<p>Sediment exchange at large energetic inlets is often difficult to quantify due complex flows, massive amounts of water and sediment exchange, and environmental conditions limiting long-term data collection. In an effort to better quantify such exchange this study investigated the use of suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) measured at an offsite location as a surrogate for sediment exchange at the tidally dominated Golden Gate inlet in San Francisco, CA. A numerical model was calibrated and validated against water and suspended sediment flux measured during a spring–neap tide cycle across the Golden Gate. The model was then run for five months and net exchange was calculated on a tidal time-scale and compared to SSC measurements at the Alcatraz monitoring site located in Central San Francisco Bay ~ 5 km from the Golden Gate. Numerically modeled tide averaged flux across the Golden Gate compared well (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.86, p-value < 0.05) with 25 h low-pass filtered (tide averaged) SSCs measured at Alcatraz over the five month simulation period (January through April 2008). This formed a basis for the development of a simple equation relating the advective flux at Alcatraz with suspended sediment flux across the Golden Gate. Utilization of the equation with all available Alcatraz SSC data resulted in an average export rate of 1.2 Mt/yr during water years 2004 through 2010. While the rate is comparable to estimated suspended sediment inflow rates from sources within the Bay over the same time period (McKee et al., 2013-this issue), there was little variation from year to year. Exports were computed to be greatest during the wettest water year analyzed but only marginally so.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2013.06.001","usgsCitation":"Erikson, L., Wright, S., Elias, E., Hanes, D.M., Schoellhamer, D., and Largier, J., 2013, The use of modeling and suspended sediment concentration measurements for quantifying net suspended sediment transport through a large tidally dominated inlet: Marine Geology, v. 345, p. 96-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.06.001.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"112","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":288632,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.559719,37.681583 ], [ -122.559719,37.994051 ], [ -122.249249,37.994051 ], [ -122.249249,37.681583 ], [ -122.559719,37.681583 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"345","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7871e4b0abf75cf2d559","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":147147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509868,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509870,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":509869,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Erikson, Li H.","contributorId":10880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Scott 0000-0002-0387-5713 sawright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-5713","contributorId":1536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Scott","email":"sawright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elias, Edwin","contributorId":50615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Edwin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanes, Daniel M.","contributorId":96360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanes","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Largier, John","contributorId":85257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Largier","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70093197,"text":"70093197 - 2013 - Large-scale depositional characteristics of the Ulleung Basin and its impact on electrical resistivity and Archie-parameters for gas hydrate saturation estimates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-28T15:25:18","indexId":"70093197","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T13:37:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large-scale depositional characteristics of the Ulleung Basin and its impact on electrical resistivity and Archie-parameters for gas hydrate saturation estimates","docAbstract":"Gas hydrate saturation estimates were obtained from an Archie-analysis of the Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) electrical resistivity logs under consideration of the regional geological framework of sediment deposition in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, of Korea. Porosity was determined from the LWD bulk density log and core-derived values of grain density. In situ measurements of pore-fluid salinity as well as formation temperature define a background trend for pore-fluid resistivity at each drill site. The LWD data were used to define sets of empirical Archie-constants for different depth-intervals of the logged borehole at all sites drilled during the second Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition (UBGH2). A clustering of data with distinctly different trend-lines is evident in the cross-plot of porosity and formation factor for all sites drilled during UBGH2. The reason for the clustering is related to the difference between hemipelagic sediments (mostly covering the top ∼100 mbsf) and mass-transport deposits (MTD) and/or the occurrence of biogenic opal. For sites located in the north-eastern portion of the Ulleung Basin a set of individual Archie-parameters for a shallow depth interval (hemipelagic) and a deeper MTD zone was achieved. The deeper zone shows typically higher resistivities for the same range of porosities seen in the upper zone, reflecting a shift in sediment properties. The presence of large amounts of biogenic opal (up to and often over 50% as defined by XRD data) was especially observed at Sites UBGH2-2_1 and UBGH2-2_2 (as well as UBGH1-9 from a previous drilling expedition in 2007). The boundary between these two zones can also easily be identified in gamma-ray logs, which also show unusually low readings in the opal-rich interval. Only by incorporating different Archie-parameters for the different zones a reasonable estimate of gas hydrate saturation was achieved that also matches results from other techniques such as pore-fluid freshening, velocity-based calculations, and pressure-core degassing experiments. Seismically, individual boundaries between zones were determined using a grid of regional 2D seismic data. Zoning from the Archie-analysis for sites in the south-western portion of the Ulleung Basin was also observed, but at these sites it is linked to individually stacked MTDs only and does not reflect a mineralogical occurrence of biogenic opal or hemipelagic sedimentation. The individual MTD events represent differently compacted material often associated with a strong decrease in porosity (and increase in density), warranting a separate set of empirical Archie-parameters.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.03.014","usgsCitation":"Riedel, M., Collett, T.S., Kim, H., Bahk, J., Kim, J., Ryu, B., and Kim, G., 2013, Large-scale depositional characteristics of the Ulleung Basin and its impact on electrical resistivity and Archie-parameters for gas hydrate saturation estimates: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 47, p. 222-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.03.014.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"222","endPage":"235","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-040872","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282028,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281996,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.03.014"}],"country":"Korea","otherGeospatial":"East Sea Of Korea;Ulleung Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 129.0,35.0 ], [ 129.0,38.0 ], [ 133.0,38.0 ], [ 133.0,35.0 ], [ 129.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd641ce4b0b290850ff3e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riedel, Michael","contributorId":7518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riedel","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kim, H.-S.","contributorId":46874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"H.-S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bahk, J.-J.","contributorId":99891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahk","given":"J.-J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kim, J.-H.","contributorId":26395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"J.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ryu, B.-J.","contributorId":59348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryu","given":"B.-J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kim, G.-Y.","contributorId":77454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"G.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70093196,"text":"70093196 - 2013 - Characterization of gas hydrate reservoirs by integration of core and log data in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-28T15:25:34","indexId":"70093196","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T12:46:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of gas hydrate reservoirs by integration of core and log data in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea","docAbstract":"Examinations of core and well-log data from the Second Ulleung Basin Gas Hydrate Drilling Expedition (UBGH2) drill sites suggest that Sites UBGH2-2_2 and UBGH2-6 have relatively good gas hydrate reservoir quality in terms of individual and total cumulative thicknesses of gas-hydrate-bearing sand (HYBS) beds. In both of the sites, core sediments are generally dominated by hemipelagic muds which are intercalated with turbidite sands. The turbidite sands are usually thin-to-medium bedded and mainly consist of well sorted coarse silt to fine sand. Anomalies in infrared core temperatures and porewater chlorinity data and pressure core measurements indicate that “gas hydrate occurrence zones” (GHOZ) are present about 68–155 mbsf at Site UBGH2-2_2 and 110–155 mbsf at Site UBGH2-6. In both the GHOZ, gas hydrates are preferentially associated with many of the turbidite sands as “pore-filling” type hydrates. The HYBS identified in the cores from Site UBGH2-6 are medium-to-thick bedded particularly in the lower part of the GHOZ and well coincident with significant high excursions in all of the resistivity, density, and velocity logs. Gas-hydrate saturations in the HYBS range from 12% to 79% with an average of 52% based on pore-water chlorinity. In contrast, the HYBS from Site UBGH2-2_2 are usually thin-bedded and show poor correlations with both of the resistivity and velocity logs owing to volume averaging effects of the logging tools on the thin HYBS beds. Gas-hydrate saturations in the HYBS range from 15% to 65% with an average of 37% based on pore-water chlorinity. In both of the sites, large fluctuations in biogenic opal contents have significant effects on the sediment physical properties, resulting in limited usage of gamma ray and density logs in discriminating sand reservoirs.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.05.007","usgsCitation":"Bahk, J., Kim, G., Chun, J., Kim, J., Lee, J., Ryu, B., Lee, J., Son, B., and Collett, T.S., 2013, Characterization of gas hydrate reservoirs by integration of core and log data in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 47, p. 30-42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.05.007.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"30","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-049786","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282021,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":281995,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.05.007"}],"country":"Korea","otherGeospatial":"East Sea Of Korea;Ulleung Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 129.0,35.0 ], [ 129.0,38.0 ], [ 133.0,38.0 ], [ 133.0,35.0 ], [ 129.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd50b6e4b0b290850f37f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bahk, J.-J.","contributorId":99891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bahk","given":"J.-J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kim, G.-Y.","contributorId":77454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"G.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chun, J.-H.","contributorId":97421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chun","given":"J.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kim, J.-H.","contributorId":26395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"J.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lee, J.Y.","contributorId":20061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"J.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ryu, B.-J.","contributorId":59348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryu","given":"B.-J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lee, J.-H.","contributorId":77047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"J.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Son, B.-K.","contributorId":95798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Son","given":"B.-K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70093194,"text":"70093194 - 2013 - Characteristics and interpretation of fracture-filled gas hydrate: an example from the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-28T15:25:50","indexId":"70093194","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T12:36:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characteristics and interpretation of fracture-filled gas hydrate: an example from the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea","docAbstract":"Through the use of 2-D and 3-D seismic data, a total of thirteen sites were selected and drilled in the East Sea of Korea in 2010. A suite of logging-while-drilling (LWD) logs was acquired at each site. LWD logs from the UBGH2-3A well indicate significant gas hydrate in clay-bearing sediments including several zones with massive gas hydrate with a bulk density less than 1.0 g/m<sup>3</sup> for depths between 5 and 103 m below the sea floor. The UBGH2-3A well was drilled on a seismically identified chimney structure with a mound feature at the sea floor. Average gas hydrate saturations estimated from the isotropic analysis of ring resistivity and P-wave velocity logs are 80 ± 13% and 47 ± 16%, respectively, whereas they are 46 ± 17% and 45 ± 16%, respectively from the anisotropic analysis. Modeling indicates that the upper part of chimney (between 5 and 45 m below sea floor [mbsf]) is characterized by gas hydrate filling near horizontal fractures (7° dip) and the lower part of chimney (between 45 and 103 mbsf) is characterized by gas hydrate filling high angle fractures on the basis of ring resistivity and P-wave velocity. The anisotropic analysis using P40H resistivity (phase shift resistivity at 32 mHz with 40 inch spacing) and the P-wave velocity yields a gas hydrate saturation of 46 ± 15% and 46 ± 15% respectively, similar to those estimated using ring resistivity and P-wave velocity, but with quite different fracture dip angles. Differences in vertical resolution, depth of investigation, and a finite fracture dimension relative to the tool separation appear to contribute to this discrepancy. Forward modeling of anisotropic resistivity and velocity are essential to identify gas hydrate in fractures and to estimate accurate gas hydrate amounts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.09.003","usgsCitation":"Lee, M.W., and Collett, T.S., 2013, Characteristics and interpretation of fracture-filled gas hydrate: an example from the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 47, p. 168-181, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.09.003.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"168","endPage":"181","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-038690","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":281993,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2012.09.003"},{"id":282020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Korea","otherGeospatial":"East Sea Of Korea;Ulleung Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 129.0,35.0 ], [ 129.0,38.0 ], [ 133.0,38.0 ], [ 133.0,35.0 ], [ 129.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"47","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd509ee4b0b290850f3727","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Myung Woong","contributorId":15114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"","middleInitial":"Woong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039673,"text":"70039673 - 2013 - Measuring suspended sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-13T17:01:08.367467","indexId":"70039673","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T11:43:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"1.10","title":"Measuring suspended sediment","docAbstract":"<p>Suspended sediment in streams and rivers can be measured using traditional instruments and techniques and (or) surrogate technologies. The former, as described herein, consists primarily of both manually deployed isokinetic samplers and their deployment protocols developed by the Federal Interagency Sedimentation Project. They are used on all continents other than Antarctica. The reliability of the typically spatially rich but temporally sparse data produced by traditional means is supported by a broad base of scientific literature since 1940.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>However, the suspended sediment surrogate technologies described herein – based on hydroacoustic, nephelometric, laser, and pressure difference principles – tend to produce temporally rich but in some cases spatially sparse datasets. The value of temporally rich data in the accuracy of continuous sediment-discharge records is hard to overstate, in part because such data can often overcome the shortcomings of poor spatial coverage. Coupled with calibration data produced by traditional means, surrogate technologies show considerable promise toward providing the fluvial sediment data needed to increase and bring more consistency to sediment-discharge measurements worldwide.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Comprehensive water quality and purification","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-382182-9.00012-8","usgsCitation":"Gray, J.R., and Landers, M.N., 2013, Measuring suspended sediment, chap. 1.10 <i>of</i> Comprehensive water quality and purification, v. 1, p. 157-204, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-382182-9.00012-8.","productDescription":"48 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"204","numberOfPages":"48","ipdsId":"IP-038802","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd667ce4b0b29085100c8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gray, J. R.","contributorId":63372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landers, M. N.","contributorId":63428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landers","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70099269,"text":"70099269 - 2013 - The North American Breeding Bird Survey 1966–2011: Summary analysis and species accounts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-03T13:46:31","indexId":"70099269","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T11:36:06","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2884,"text":"North American Fauna","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The North American Breeding Bird Survey 1966–2011: Summary analysis and species accounts","docAbstract":"<p>The North American Breeding Bird Survey is a roadside, count-based survey conducted by volunteer observers. Begun in 1966, it now is a primary source of information on spatial and temporal patterns of population change for North American birds. We analyze population change for states, provinces, Bird Conservation Regions, and the entire survey within the contiguous United States and southern Canada for 426 species using a hierarchical log-linear model that controls for observer effects in counting. We also map relative abundance and population change for each species using a spatial smoothing of data at the scale of survey routes. We present results in accounts that describe major breeding habitats, migratory status, conservation status, and population trends for each species at several geographic scales. We also present composite results for groups of species categorized by habitats and migratory status. The survey varies greatly among species in percentage of species' range covered and precision of results, but consistent patterns of decline occur among eastern forest, grassland, and aridland obligate birds while generalist bird species are increasing.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Fauna","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife","doi":"10.3996/nafa.79.0001","usgsCitation":"Sauer, J., Link, W., Fallon, J.E., Pardieck, K.L., and Ziolkowski, D., 2013, The North American Breeding Bird Survey 1966–2011: Summary analysis and species accounts: North American Fauna, v. 79, p. 1-32, https://doi.org/10.3996/nafa.79.0001.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"32","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052328","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research 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A.","email":"wlink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":491910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fallon, Jane E. jefallon@usgs.gov","contributorId":4364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fallon","given":"Jane","email":"jefallon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":491913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pardieck, Keith L. 0000-0003-2779-4392 kpardieck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2779-4392","contributorId":4104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pardieck","given":"Keith","email":"kpardieck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":491912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ziolkowski, David J. 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,{"id":70047680,"text":"70047680 - 2013 - A hierarchical nest survival model integrating incomplete temporally varying covariates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-13T11:10:43","indexId":"70047680","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T11:05:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A hierarchical nest survival model integrating incomplete temporally varying covariates","docAbstract":"Nest success is a critical determinant of the dynamics of avian populations, and nest survival modeling has played a key role in advancing avian ecology and management. Beginning with the development of daily nest survival models, and proceeding through subsequent extensions, the capacity for modeling the effects of hypothesized factors on nest survival has expanded greatly. We extend nest survival models further by introducing an approach to deal with incompletely observed, temporally varying covariates using a hierarchical model. Hierarchical modeling offers a way to separate process and observational components of demographic models to obtain estimates of the parameters of primary interest, and to evaluate structural effects of ecological and management interest. We built a hierarchical model for daily nest survival to analyze nest data from reintroduced whooping cranes (Grus americana) in the Eastern Migratory Population. This reintroduction effort has been beset by poor reproduction, apparently due primarily to nest abandonment by breeding birds. We used the model to assess support for the hypothesis that nest abandonment is caused by harassment from biting insects. We obtained indices of blood-feeding insect populations based on the spatially interpolated counts of insects captured in carbon dioxide traps. However, insect trapping was not conducted daily, and so we had incomplete information on a temporally variable covariate of interest. We therefore supplemented our nest survival model with a parallel model for estimating the values of the missing insect covariates. We used Bayesian model selection to identify the best predictors of daily nest survival. Our results suggest that the black fly Simulium annulus may be negatively affecting nest survival of reintroduced whooping cranes, with decreasing nest survival as abundance of S. annulus increases. The modeling framework we have developed will be applied in the future to a larger data set to evaluate the biting-insect hypothesis and other hypotheses for nesting failure in this reintroduced population; resulting inferences will support ongoing efforts to manage this population via an adaptive management approach. Wider application of our approach offers promise for modeling the effects of other temporally varying, but imperfectly observed covariates on nest survival, including the possibility of modeling temporally varying covariates collected from incubating adults.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecology and Evolution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.822","usgsCitation":"Converse, S., Royle, J., Adler, P.H., Urbanek, R.P., and Barzan, J.A., 2013, A hierarchical nest survival model integrating incomplete temporally varying covariates: Ecology and Evolution, v. 3, no. 13, p. 4439-4447, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.822.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"4439","endPage":"4447","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-050325","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473462,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.822","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280859,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.822"},{"id":280860,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Necedah National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.188271,44.039059 ], [ -90.188271,44.098374 ], [ -90.087591,44.098374 ], [ -90.087591,44.039059 ], [ -90.188271,44.039059 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"3","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-10-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd49efe4b0b290850ef78c","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/ece3.822","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.822","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Converse Sarah J., Royle J. Andrew, Adler Peter H., Urbanek Richard P., Barzen Jeb A.","journalName":"Ecology and Evolution","publicationDate":"10/10/2013","auditedOn":"4/1/2017","publiclyAccessibleDate":"10/10/2013"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Converse, Sarah J.","contributorId":85716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"Sarah J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":80808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":482706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adler, Peter H.","contributorId":89797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adler","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Urbanek, Richard P.","contributorId":38400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urbanek","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barzan, Jeb A.","contributorId":59340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barzan","given":"Jeb","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70055623,"text":"70055623 - 2013 - Simulated tsunami inundation for a range of Cascadia megathrust earthquake scenarios at Bandon, Oregon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-08T10:40:20","indexId":"70055623","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T10:31:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulated tsunami inundation for a range of Cascadia megathrust earthquake scenarios at Bandon, Oregon, USA","docAbstract":"Characterizations of tsunami hazards along the Cascadia subduction zone hinge on uncertainties in megathrust rupture models used for simulating tsunami inundation. To explore these uncertainties, we constructed 15 megathrust earthquake scenarios using rupture models that supply the initial conditions for tsunami simulations at Bandon, Oregon. Tsunami inundation varies with the amount and distribution of fault slip assigned to rupture models, including models where slip is partitioned to a splay fault in the accretionary wedge and models that vary the updip limit of slip on a buried fault. Constraints on fault slip come from onshore and offshore paleoseismological evidence. We rank each rupture model using a logic tree that evaluates a model’s consistency with geological and geophysical data. The scenarios provide inputs to a hydrodynamic model, SELFE, used to simulate tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation on unstructured grids with <5–15 m resolution in coastal areas. Tsunami simulations delineate the likelihood that Cascadia tsunamis will exceed mapped inundation lines. Maximum wave elevations at the shoreline varied from ∼4 m to 25 m for earthquakes with 9–44 m slip and Mw 8.7–9.2. Simulated tsunami inundation agrees with sparse deposits left by the A.D. 1700 and older tsunamis. Tsunami simulations for large (22–30 m slip) and medium (14–19 m slip) splay fault scenarios encompass 80%–95% of all inundation scenarios and provide reasonable guidelines for land-use planning and coastal development. The maximum tsunami inundation simulated for the greatest splay fault scenario (36–44 m slip) can help to guide development of local tsunami evacuation zones.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geosphere","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES00899.1","usgsCitation":"Witter, R., Zhang, Y.J., Wang, K., Priest, G., Goldfinger, C., Stimely, L., English, J.T., and Ferro, P.A., 2013, Simulated tsunami inundation for a range of Cascadia megathrust earthquake scenarios at Bandon, Oregon, USA: Geosphere, v. 9, no. 6, p. 1783-1803, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00899.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1783","endPage":"1803","numberOfPages":"21","ipdsId":"IP-052081","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges00899.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280705,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280704,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/GES00899.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Bandon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.5,42.0 ], [ -124.5,44.0 ], [ -124.0,44.0 ], [ -124.0,42.0 ], [ -124.5,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd72cfe4b0b290851088c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":486155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, Yinglong J.","contributorId":100281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Yinglong","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Kelin","contributorId":15266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Kelin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Priest, George R.","contributorId":50950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Priest","given":"George R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goldfinger, Chris","contributorId":59460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfinger","given":"Chris","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stimely, Laura","contributorId":71092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stimely","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"English, John T.","contributorId":100282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"English","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ferro, Paul A.","contributorId":58179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferro","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":486158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70094651,"text":"70094651 - 2013 - Woody debris volume depletion through decay: implications for biomass and carbon accounting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-24T10:34:13","indexId":"70094651","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T10:29:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Woody debris volume depletion through decay: implications for biomass and carbon accounting","docAbstract":"Woody debris decay rates have recently received much attention because of the need to quantify temporal changes in forest carbon stocks. Published decay rates, available for many species, are commonly used to characterize deadwood biomass and carbon depletion. However, decay rates are often derived from reductions in wood density through time, which when used to model biomass and carbon depletion are known to underestimate rate loss because they fail to account for volume reduction (changes in log shape) as decay progresses. We present a method for estimating changes in log volume through time and illustrate the method using a chronosequence approach. The method is based on the observation, confirmed herein, that decaying logs have a collapse ratio (cross-sectional height/width) that can serve as a surrogate for the volume remaining. Combining the resulting volume loss with concurrent changes in wood density from the same logs then allowed us to quantify biomass and carbon depletion for three study species. Results show that volume, density, and biomass follow distinct depletion curves during decomposition. Volume showed an initial lag period (log dimensions remained unchanged), even while wood density was being reduced. However, once volume depletion began, biomass loss (the product of density and volume depletion) occurred much more rapidly than density alone. At the temporal limit of our data, the proportion of the biomass remaining was roughly half that of the density remaining. Accounting for log volume depletion, as demonstrated in this study, provides a comprehensive characterization of deadwood decomposition, thereby improving biomass-loss and carbon-accounting models.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-013-9682-z","usgsCitation":"Fraver, S., Milo, A.M., Bradford, J.B., D’Amato, A.W., Kenefic, L., Palik, B.J., Woodall, C.W., and Brissette, J., 2013, Woody debris volume depletion through decay: implications for biomass and carbon accounting: Ecosystems, v. 16, no. 7, p. 1262-1272, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-013-9682-z.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1262","endPage":"1272","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-042518","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282669,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282639,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-013-9682-z"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Laurentian Mixed Forest Province","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.81,45.41 ], [ -95.81,49.38 ], [ -89.49,49.38 ], [ -89.49,45.41 ], [ -95.81,45.41 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"16","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7dcce4b0b2908510f9b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fraver, Shawn","contributorId":91379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraver","given":"Shawn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":490749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milo, Amy M.","contributorId":83441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milo","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":490742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"D’Amato, Anthony W.","contributorId":28140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"D’Amato","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13478,"text":"Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota (Correspondence to: russellm@umn.edu)","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6735,"text":"University of Vermont, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":490743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kenefic, Laura","contributorId":86685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kenefic","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Palik, Brian J.","contributorId":78619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palik","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Woodall, Christopher W.","contributorId":53696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodall","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7264,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Beltsville, MD 20705","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":490745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Brissette, John","contributorId":50077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brissette","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":490744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70132444,"text":"70132444 - 2013 - Spatial contexts for temporal variability in alpine vegetation under ongoing climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-31T16:33:48.929098","indexId":"70132444","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3086,"text":"Plant Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial contexts for temporal variability in alpine vegetation under ongoing climate change","docAbstract":"<p>A framework to monitor mountain summit vegetation (The Global Observation Research Initiative in Alpine Environments, GLORIA) was initiated in 1997. GLORIA results should be taken within a regional context of the spatial variability of alpine tundra. Changes observed at GLORIA sites in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA are quantified within the context of the range of variability observed in alpine tundra across much of western North America. Dissimilarity is calculated and used in nonmetric multidimensional scaling for repeated measures of vascular species cover at 14 GLORIA sites with 525 nearby sites and with 436 sites in western North America. The lengths of the trajectories of the GLORIA sites in ordination space are compared to the dimensions of the space created by the larger datasets. The absolute amount of change on the GLORIA summits over 5 years is high, but the degree of change is small relative to the geographical context. The GLORIA sites are on the margin of the ordination volumes with the large datasets. The GLORIA summit vegetation appears to be specialized, arguing for the intrinsic value of early observed change in limited niche space.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/s11258-013-0253-3","usgsCitation":"George P. Malanson, and Fagre, D.B., 2013, Spatial contexts for temporal variability in alpine vegetation under ongoing climate change: Plant Ecology, v. 214, no. 11, p. 1309-1319, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-013-0253-3.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1309","endPage":"1319","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041204","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296041,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Glacier National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.488525390625,\n              48.16974908365419\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.02734374999999,\n              48.16974908365419\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.02734374999999,\n              49.009050809382046\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.488525390625,\n              49.009050809382046\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.488525390625,\n              48.16974908365419\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"214","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5465d639e4b04d4b7dbd6686","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"George P. Malanson","contributorId":127023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"George P. Malanson","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":522895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":522894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70106161,"text":"70106161 - 2013 - A sediment budget for the southern reach in San Francisco Bay, CA: Implications for habitat restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T12:17:17","indexId":"70106161","displayToPublicDate":"2013-11-01T09:21:00","publicationYear":"2013","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A sediment budget for the southern reach in San Francisco Bay, CA: Implications for habitat restoration","docAbstract":"The South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project is overseeing the restoration of about 6000 ha of former commercial salt-evaporation ponds to tidal marsh and managed wetlands in the southern reach of San Francisco Bay (SFB). As a result of regional groundwater overdrafts prior to the 1970s, parts of the project area have subsided below sea-level and will require between 29 and 45 million m<sup>3</sup> of sediment to raise the surface of the subsided areas to elevations appropriate for tidal marsh colonization and development. Therefore, a sufficient sediment supply to the far south SFB subembayment is a critical variable for achieving restoration goals. Although both major tributaries to far south SFB have been seasonally gaged for sediment since 2004, the sediment flux at the Dumbarton Narrows, the bayward boundary of far south SFB, has not been quantified until recently. Using daily suspended-sediment flux data from the gages on Guadalupe River and Coyote Creek, combined with continuous suspended-sediment flux data at Dumbarton Narrows, we computed a sediment budget for far south SFB during Water Years 2009–2011. A Monte Carlo approach was used to quantify the uncertainty of the flux estimates. The sediment flux past Dumbarton Narrows from the north dominates the input to the subembayment. However, environmental conditions in the spring can dramatically influence the direction of springtime flux, which appears to be a dominant influence on the net annual flux. It is estimated that up to several millennia may be required for natural tributary sediments to fill the accommodation space of the subsided former salt ponds, whereas supply from the rest of the bay could fill the space in several centuries. Uncertainty in the measurement of sediment flux is large, in part because small suspended-sediment concentration differences between flood and ebb tides can lead to large differences in total mass exchange. Using Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the random error associated with this uncertainty provides a more statistically rigorous method of quantifying this uncertainty than the more typical “sum of errors” approach. The results of this study reinforce the need for measurement of estuarine sediment fluxes over multiple years (multiple hydrologic conditions) to adequately detail the variability in flux. Additionally, the timing of breaching events for the restoration project could be tied to annual hydrologic conditions to capitalize on increased regional sediment supply.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2013.05.007","usgsCitation":"Shellenbarger, G., Wright, S., and Schoellhamer, D., 2013, A sediment budget for the southern reach in San Francisco Bay, CA: Implications for habitat restoration: Marine Geology, v. 345, p. 281-293, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2013.05.007.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"293","numberOfPages":"13","ipdsId":"IP-006338","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287278,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.75,37.2509 ], [ -122.75,38.3523 ], [ -121.6589,38.3523 ], [ -121.6589,37.2509 ], [ -122.75,37.2509 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"345","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"537b27e6e4b0929ba496ab48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shellenbarger, Gregory gshellen@usgs.gov","contributorId":1133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shellenbarger","given":"Gregory","email":"gshellen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Scott 0000-0002-0387-5713 sawright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-5713","contributorId":1536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Scott","email":"sawright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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