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Decreased overall pesticide use in 2007 relative to 1995 generally resulted in decreased detection frequencies in air and rain; observed concentration ranges were similar between years, however, even though the 1995 sampling site was 500 m from active fields whereas the 2007 sampling site was within 3 m of a field. Mean concentrations of detections were sometimes greater in 2007 than in 1995, but the median values were often lower. Seven compounds in 1995 and 5 in 2007 were detected in ≥50% of both air and rain samples. Atrazine, metolachlor, and propanil were detected in ≥50% of the air and rain samples in both years. Glyphosate and its degradation product, aminomethyl-phosphonic acid (AMPA), were detected in ≥75% of air and rain samples in 2007 but were not measured in 1995. The 1995 seasonal wet depositional flux was dominated by methyl parathion (88%) and was &gt;4.5 times the 2007 flux. Total herbicide flux in 2007 was slightly greater than in 1995 and was dominated by glyphosate. Malathion, methyl parathion, and degradation products made up most of the 2007 nonherbicide flux. </span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.2550","usgsCitation":"Majewski, M.S., Coupe, R.H., Foreman, W.T., and Capel, P.D., 2014, Pesticides in Mississippi air and rain: A comparison between 1995 and 2007: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 33, no. 6, p. 1283-1293, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2550.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1283","endPage":"1293","ipdsId":"IP-037017","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331431,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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 \"}}]}","volume":"33","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584144e0e4b04fc80e5073b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Majewski, Michael S","contributorId":121474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Majewski","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coupe, Richard H. 0000-0001-8679-1015 rhcoupe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8679-1015","contributorId":551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coupe","given":"Richard","email":"rhcoupe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":394,"text":"Mississippi Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foreman, William T. wforeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":139976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foreman","given":"William","email":"wforeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":654759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Capel, Paul D. 0000-0003-1620-5185 capel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":1002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"Paul","email":"capel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70173577,"text":"70173577 - 2014 - Angler effort and catch within a spatially complex system of small lakes.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T14:45:28","indexId":"70173577","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Angler effort and catch within a spatially complex system of small lakes.","docAbstract":"<p><span>Spatial layout of waterbodies and waterbody size can affect a creel clerk&rsquo;s ability to intercept anglers for interviews and to accurately count anglers, which will affect the accuracy and precision of estimates of effort and catch. This study aimed to quantify angling effort and catch across a spatially complex system of 19 small (&lt;100&nbsp;ha) lakes, the Fremont lakes. Total (&plusmn;SE) angling effort (hours) on individual lakes ranged from 0 (0) to 7,137 (305). Bank anglers utilized 18 of the 19 lakes, and their mean (&plusmn;SE) trip lengths (hours) ranged from 0.80 (0.31) to 7.75 (6.75), depending on the waterbody. In contrast, boat anglers utilized 14 of the 19&thinsp;lakes, and their trip lengths ranged from 1.39 (0.24) to 4.25 (0.71), depending on the waterbody. The most sought fishes, as indexed by number of lakes on which effort was exerted, were anything (17 of 19 lakes), largemouth bass</span><i>Micropterus salmoides</i><span>&nbsp;(15 of 19 lakes), and channel catfish&nbsp;</span><i>Ictalurus punctatus</i><span>&nbsp;(13 of 19 lakes). Bluegill&nbsp;</span><i>Lepomis machrochirus</i><span>, crappie&nbsp;</span><i>Pomoxis</i><span>&nbsp;spp., and largemouth bass were caught most frequently across the lakes, but catch rates varied considerably by lake. Of the 1,138 parties interviewed, most parties (93%) visited a single lake but there were 77 (7%) parties that indicated that they had visited multiple lakes during a single day. The contingent of parties that visited more than one lake a day were primarily (87%) bank anglers.. The number of lake-to-lake connections made by anglers visiting more than one waterbody during a single day was related to catch rates and total angling effort. The greater resolution that was achieved with a lake specific creel survey at Fremont lakes revealed a system of lakes with a large degree of spatial variation in angler effort and catch that would be missed by a coarser, system-wide survey that did not differentiate individual lakes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2014.02.013","usgsCitation":"Pope, K.L., Chizinski, C.J., Martin, D., Barada, T.J., and Schuckman, J.J., 2014, Angler effort and catch within a spatially complex system of small lakes.: Fisheries Research, v. 154, p. 172-178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2014.02.013.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"172","endPage":"178","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054379","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323401,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"154","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a932fe4b04f417c275124","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chizinski, Christopher J.","contributorId":7178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chizinski","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Dustin R.","contributorId":43482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Dustin R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barada, Tony J.","contributorId":171673,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barada","given":"Tony","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schuckman, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":171674,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schuckman","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70134513,"text":"70134513 - 2014 - Effects of smectite on the oil-expulsion efficiency of the Kreyenhagen Shale, San Joaquin Basin, California, based on hydrous-pyrolysis experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-02T16:25:59","indexId":"70134513","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":605,"text":"AAPG Bulletin","printIssn":"0149-1423","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of smectite on the oil-expulsion efficiency of the Kreyenhagen Shale, San Joaquin Basin, California, based on hydrous-pyrolysis experiments","docAbstract":"<p>The amount of oil that maturing source rocks expel is expressed as their expulsion efficiency, which is usually stated in milligrams of expelled oil per gram of original total organic carbon (TOC<sub>O</sub>). Oil-expulsion efficiency can be determined by heating thermally immature source rocks in the presence of liquid water (i.e., hydrous pyrolysis) at temperatures between 350&deg;C and 365&deg;C for 72&nbsp;hr. This pyrolysis method generates oil that is compositionally similar to natural crude oil and expels it by processes operative in the subsurface. Consequently, hydrous pyrolysis provides a means to determine oil-expulsion efficiencies and the rock properties that influence them. Smectite in source rocks has previously been considered to promote oil generation and expulsion and is the focus of this hydrous-pyrolysis study involving a representative sample of smectite-rich source rock from the Eocene Kreyenhagen Shale in the San Joaquin Basin of California. Smectite is the major clay mineral (31&nbsp;wt. %) in this thermally immature sample, which contains 9.4&nbsp;wt. % total organic carbon (TOC) comprised of type II kerogen. Compared to other immature source rocks that lack smectite as their major clay mineral, the expulsion efficiency of the Kreyenhagen Shale was significantly lower. The expulsion efficiency of the Kreyenhagen whole rock was reduced 88% compared to that of its isolated kerogen. This significant reduction is attributed to bitumen impregnating the smectite interlayers in addition to the rock matrix. Within the interlayers, much of the bitumen is converted to pyrobitumen through crosslinking instead of oil through thermal cracking. As a result, smectite does not promote oil generation but inhibits it. Bitumen impregnation of the rock matrix and smectite interlayers results in the rock pore system changing from water wet to bitumen wet. This change prevents potassium ion (K<sup>+</sup>) transfer and dissolution and precipitation reactions needed for the conversion of smectite to illite. As a result, illitization only reaches 35% to 40% at 310&deg;C for 72&nbsp;hr and remains unchanged to 365&deg;C for 72&nbsp;hr. Bitumen generation before or during early illitization in these experiments emphasizes the importance of knowing when and to what degree illitization occurs in natural maturation of a smectite-rich source rock to determine its expulsion efficiency. Complete illitization prior to bitumen generation is common for Paleozoic source rocks (e.g., Woodford Shale and Retort Phosphatic Shale Member of the Phosphoria Formation), and expulsion efficiencies can be determined on immature samples by hydrous pyrolysis. Conversely, smectite is more common in Cenozoic source rocks like the Kreyenhagen Shale, and expulsion efficiencies determined by hydrous pyrolysis need to be made on samples that reflect the level of illitization at or near bitumen generation in the subsurface.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/10091313059","usgsCitation":"Lewan, M., Dolan, M.P., and Curtis, J.B., 2014, Effects of smectite on the oil-expulsion efficiency of the Kreyenhagen Shale, San Joaquin Basin, California, based on hydrous-pyrolysis experiments: AAPG Bulletin, v. 98, no. 6, p. 1091-1109, https://doi.org/10.1306/10091313059.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1091","endPage":"1109","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045149","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296396,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.18994140624999,\n              34.125447565116126\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.18994140624999,\n              37.87485339352928\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.6416015625,\n              37.87485339352928\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.6416015625,\n              34.125447565116126\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.18994140624999,\n              34.125447565116126\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"98","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"547ee2bfe4b09357f05f8a49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewan, Michael D. mlewan@usgs.gov","contributorId":940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewan","given":"Michael D.","email":"mlewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dolan, Michael P.","contributorId":12880,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dolan","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":7104,"text":"Dolan Integration Group, Boulder, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Curtis, John B.","contributorId":70972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Curtis","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":526097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70141290,"text":"70141290 - 2014 - Use of water developments by female elk at Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T10:52:51","indexId":"70141290","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of water developments by female elk at Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>Development of water sources for wildlife is a widespread management practice with a long history; however, needs of wildlife and availability of water depend on myriad interacting factors that vary among species and localities. Benefits are therefore situational, establishing a need for evaluation of water use in varied settings. We used global-positioning-system (GPS) collars and time-lapse videography to estimate the distribution of elk (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) activity and frequency of water-development use at Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota, during June&ndash;September, 2003&ndash;2006. Elk were located further than expected from the Little Missouri River and did not preferentially use areas near developments. Of 26,081 relocations obtained at 7-h intervals, 88% were &gt;800 m and 74% were &gt;1600 m from permanent surface water. Elk were videotaped at water developments on 90 occasions during 19,402 h of monitoring but used water in only 52% of cases (<i>SE</i> = 5.3%). The probability of detecting elk at developments during visits was 0.51 (<i>SE</i> = 0.08). Nevertheless, elk tracked with GPS collars at 15-min intervals approached to within 100 m of developments on only 2.7% (<i>SE</i> = 0.6%) of 766 days, and approached randomly selected locations nearly as frequently (x&macr; = 2.2%, <i>SE</i> = 0.13%). Our results do not rule out use of drinking water by elk at THRO; however, elk were not dependent on water from developments or the Little Missouri River. Prevailing perceptions of water use by elk derive primarily from general associations of elk activity with locations of water sources. Technological advances that permit nearly continuous, precise monitoring present an opportunity to improve understanding of water use by elk, incidental to other investigations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Sargeant, G.A., Oehler, M.W., and Sexton, C.L., 2014, Use of water developments by female elk at Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota: California Fish and Game, v. 100, no. 3, p. 538-549.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"538","endPage":"549","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060479","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297998,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":297987,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dfg.ca.gov/publications/journal/contents.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Theodore Roosevelt National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.6395263671875,\n              46.841407127005866\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.6395263671875,\n              47.824220149350246\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.9364013671875,\n              47.824220149350246\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.9364013671875,\n              46.841407127005866\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.6395263671875,\n              46.841407127005866\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"100","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54e47440e4b08de9379b5557","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sargeant, Glen A. 0000-0003-3845-8503 gsargeant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3845-8503","contributorId":1301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sargeant","given":"Glen","email":"gsargeant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oehler, Michael W.","contributorId":139270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oehler","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12714,"text":"NPS/DNR Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sexton, Chad L.","contributorId":139271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sexton","given":"Chad","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12715,"text":"TRNP, NPS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70145801,"text":"70145801 - 2014 - Food consumption and growth rates of juvenile black carp fed natural and prepared feeds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-10T15:19:36","indexId":"70145801","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Food consumption and growth rates of juvenile black carp fed natural and prepared feeds","docAbstract":"<p><span>The introduced mollusciphagic black carp&nbsp;</span><i>Mylopharyngodon piceus</i><span>&nbsp;poses a significant threat to native mollusks in temperate waters throughout the northern hemisphere, but consumption rates necessary to estimate the magnitude of impact on mollusks have not been established. We measured food consumption and growth rates for small (77&ndash;245&nbsp;g) and large (466&ndash;1,071&nbsp;g) triploid black carp held individually under laboratory conditions at 20, 25, and 30&deg;C. Daily consumption rates (g food &middot; g wet weight fish</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&middot;d</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&middot;100) of black carp that received prepared feed increased with temperature (small black carp 1.39&ndash;1.71; large black carp 1.28&ndash;2.10), but temperature-related increases in specific growth rate (100[ln(final weight) - ln(initial weight)]/number of days) only occurred for the large black carp (small black carp &minus;0.02 to 0.19; large black carp 0.16&ndash;0.65). Neither daily consumption rates (5.90&ndash;6.28) nor specific growth rates (0.05&ndash;0.24) differed among temperatures for small black carp fed live snails. The results of these laboratory feeding trials indicate food consumption rates can vary from 289.9 to 349.5&nbsp;J&middot;g</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&middot;d</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&nbsp;for 150&nbsp;g black carp receiving prepared feed, from 268.8 to 441.0 J&middot;g</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&middot;d</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>for 800&nbsp;g black carp receiving prepared feed, and from 84.8 to 90.2 J&middot;g</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&middot;d</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&nbsp;for 150&nbsp;g black carp that feed on snails. Applying estimated daily consumption rates to estimated biomass of native mollusks indicates that a relatively low biomass of bla</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.3996/112012-JFWM-101","usgsCitation":"Hodgins, N.C., Schramm, H., and Gerard, P., 2014, Food consumption and growth rates of juvenile black carp fed natural and prepared feeds: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 5, no. 1, p. 35-45, https://doi.org/10.3996/112012-JFWM-101.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"35","endPage":"45","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-022588","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":473154,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/112012-jfwm-101","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5528f42fe4b026915857cb15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hodgins, Nathaniel C.","contributorId":140180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodgins","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schramm, Harold L. Jr. hschramm@usgs.gov","contributorId":530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schramm","given":"Harold L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"hschramm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":544387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gerard, Patrick D.","contributorId":140181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerard","given":"Patrick D.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70186574,"text":"70186574 - 2014 - Global ocean conveyor lowers extinction risk in the deep sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-05T15:54:55","indexId":"70186574","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1369,"text":"Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global ocean conveyor lowers extinction risk in the deep sea","docAbstract":"<p><span>General paradigms of species extinction risk are urgently needed as global habitat loss and rapid climate change threaten Earth with what could be its sixth mass extinction. Using the stony coral </span><i>Lophelia pertusa</i><span> as a model organism with the potential for wide larval dispersal, we investigated how the global ocean conveyor drove an unprecedented post-glacial range expansion in Earth׳s largest biome, the deep sea. We compiled a unique ocean-scale dataset of published radiocarbon and uranium-series dates of fossil corals, the sedimentary protactinium–thorium record of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) strength, authigenic neodymium and lead isotopic ratios of circulation pathways, and coral biogeography, and integrated new Bayesian estimates of historic gene flow. Our compilation shows how the export of Southern Ocean and Mediterranean waters after the Younger Dryas 11.6&nbsp;kyr ago simultaneously triggered two dispersal events in the western and eastern Atlantic respectively. Each pathway injected larvae from refugia into ocean currents powered by a re-invigorated AMOC that led to the fastest postglacial range expansion ever recorded, covering 7500&nbsp;km in under 400 years. In addition to its role in modulating global climate, our study illuminates how the ocean conveyor creates broad geographic ranges that lower extinction risk in the deep sea.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2014.03.004","usgsCitation":"Henry, L., Frank, N., Hebbeln, D., Weinberg, C., Robinson, L., van de Flierdt, T., Dahl, M., Douarin, M., Morrison, C.L., Correa, M.L., Rogers, A.D., Ruckelshausen, M., and Roberts, J., 2014, Global ocean conveyor lowers extinction risk in the deep sea: Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 88, p. 8-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2014.03.004.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-051918","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2014.03.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":339266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"88","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e60273e4b09da6799ac689","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2014.03.004","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2014.03.004","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Henry Lea-Anne, Frank Norbert, Hebbeln Dierk, Wienberg Claudia, Robinson Laura, de Flierdt Tina van, Dahl Mikael, Douarin Mélanie, Morrison Cheryl L., Correa Matthias López, Rogers Alex D., Ruckelshausen Mario, Roberts J. Murray","journalName":"Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers","publicationDate":"6/2014","auditedOn":"7/24/2015","publiclyAccessibleDate":"4/16/2014"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henry, Lea-Anne","contributorId":190570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henry","given":"Lea-Anne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frank, Norbert","contributorId":190571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frank","given":"Norbert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hebbeln, Dierk","contributorId":190572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hebbeln","given":"Dierk","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weinberg, Claudia","contributorId":190576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weinberg","given":"Claudia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robinson, Laura","contributorId":152570,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"van de Flierdt, Tina","contributorId":190573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van de Flierdt","given":"Tina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dahl, Mikael","contributorId":190574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dahl","given":"Mikael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Douarin, Melanie","contributorId":190575,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Douarin","given":"Melanie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl L. 0000-0001-9425-691X cmorrison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-691X","contributorId":146488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl","email":"cmorrison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":689619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Correa, Matthias Lopez","contributorId":190577,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Correa","given":"Matthias","email":"","middleInitial":"Lopez","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rogers, Alex D.","contributorId":190578,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rogers","given":"Alex","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Ruckelshausen, Mario","contributorId":190579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruckelshausen","given":"Mario","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Roberts, J. Murray","contributorId":190580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"J. Murray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":689631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70186889,"text":"70186889 - 2014 - Relationships between water and gas chemistry in mature coalbed methane reservoirs of the Black Warrior Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-13T13:05:36","indexId":"70186889","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships between water and gas chemistry in mature coalbed methane reservoirs of the Black Warrior Basin","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0005\">Water and gas chemistry in coalbed methane reservoirs of the Black Warrior Basin reflects a complex interplay among burial processes, basin hydrodynamics, thermogenesis, and late-stage microbial methanogenesis. These factors are all important considerations for developing production and water management strategies. Produced water ranges from nearly potable sodium-bicarbonate water to hypersaline sodium-chloride brine. The hydrodynamic framework of the basin is dominated by structurally controlled fresh-water plumes that formed by meteoric recharge along the southeastern margin of the basin. The produced water contains significant quantities of hydrocarbons and nitrogen compounds, and the produced gas appears to be of mixed thermogenic-biogenic origin.</p><p id=\"sp0010\">Late-stage microbial methanogenesis began following unroofing of the basin, and stable isotopes in the produced gas and in mineral cements indicate that late-stage methanogenesis occurred along a CO<sub>2</sub>-reduction metabolic pathway. Hydrocarbons, as well as small amounts of nitrate in the formation water, probably helped nourish the microbial consortia, which were apparently active in fresh to hypersaline water. The produced water contains NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and NH<sub>3</sub>, which correlate strongly with brine concentration and are interpreted to be derived from silicate minerals. Denitrification reactions may have generated some N<sub>2</sub>, which is the only major impurity in the coalbed gas. Carbon dioxide is a minor component of the produced gas, but significant quantities are dissolved in the formation water. Degradation of organic compounds, augmented by deionization of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, may have been the principal sources of hydrogen facilitating late-stage CO<sub>2</sub> reduction.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2013.10.002","usgsCitation":"Pashin, J.C., McIntyre-Redden, M.R., Mann, S.D., Kopaska-Merkel, D.C., Varonka, M.S., and Orem, W.H., 2014, Relationships between water and gas chemistry in mature coalbed methane reservoirs of the Black Warrior Basin: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 126, p. 92-105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2013.10.002.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"92","endPage":"105","ipdsId":"IP-046063","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339689,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Black Warrior Basin","volume":"126","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f08e63e4b06911a29fa85e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pashin, Jack C.","contributorId":190847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pashin","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McIntyre-Redden, Marcella R.","contributorId":190845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntyre-Redden","given":"Marcella","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mann, Steven D.","contributorId":190741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mann","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kopaska-Merkel, David C.","contributorId":190859,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kopaska-Merkel","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Varonka, Matthew S. 0000-0003-3620-5262 mvaronka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3620-5262","contributorId":4726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varonka","given":"Matthew","email":"mvaronka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Orem, William H. 0000-0003-4990-0539 borem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"William","email":"borem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":690864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70108191,"text":"ds853 - 2014 - Land-margin ecosystem hydrologic data for the coastal Everglades, Florida, water years 1996-2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-30T15:53:00","indexId":"ds853","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-30T15:46:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"853","title":"Land-margin ecosystem hydrologic data for the coastal Everglades, Florida, water years 1996-2012","docAbstract":"<p>Mangrove forests and salt marshes dominate the landscape of the coastal Everglades (Odum and McIvor, 1990). However, the ecological effects from potential sea-level rise and increased water flows from planned freshwater Everglades restoration on these coastal systems are poorly understood. The National Park Service (NPS) proposed the South Florida Global Climate Change Project (SOFL-GCC) in 1990 to evaluate climate change and the effect from rising sea levels on the coastal Everglades, particularly at the marsh/mangrove interface or ecotone (Soukup and others, 1990). A primary objective of SOFL-GCC project was to monitor and synthesize the hydrodynamics of the coastal Everglades from the upstream freshwater marsh to the downstream estuary mangrove. Two related hypotheses were set forward (Nuttle and Cosby, 1993):</p>\n<br/>\n<p>1.  There exists hydrologic conditions (tide, local rainfall, and upstream water deliveries), which characterize the location of the marsh/mangrove ecotone along the marine and terrestrial hydrologic gradient; and <br/>\n2.  The marsh/mangrove ecotone is sensitive to fluctuations in sea level and freshwater inflow from inland areas.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Hydrologic monitoring of the SOFL-GCC network began in 1995 after startup delays from Hurricane Andrew (August 1992) and organizational transfers from the NPS to the National Biological Survey (October 1993) and the merger with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Biological Research Division in 1996 (Smith, 2004). As the SOFL-GCC project progressed, concern by environmental scientists and land managers over how the diversion of water from Everglades National Park would affect the restoration of the greater Everglades ecosystem. Everglades restoration scenarios were based on hydrodynamic models, none of which included the coastal zone (Fennema and others, 1994). Modeling efforts were expanded to include the Everglades coastal zone (Schaffranek and others, 2001) with SOFL-GCC hydrologic data assisting the ecological modeling needs. In 2002, as a response for a more interdisciplinary science approach to understanding the coastal Everglades ecological system, the SOFL-GCC hydrology project was integrated into the “Dynamics of Land-Margin Ecosystems: Historical Change, Hydrology, Vegetation, Sediment, and Climate” study (Smith and others, 2002). Data from the ongoing study has been useful in providing an empirical hydrologic baseline for the greater Everglades ecosystem restoration science and management needs.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The hydrology network consisted of 13 hydrologic gaging stations installed in the southwestern coastal region of Everglades National Park along three transects: Shark River (Shark or SH) transect, Lostmans River (Lostmans or LO) transect, and Chatham River (Chatham or CH) transect (fig. 1). There were five paired surface-water/groundwater gaging stations on the Shark transect (SH1, SH2, SH3, SH4, and SH5) and one stage gaging station (BSC) in the Big Sable Creek; four paired surface-water/groundwater gaging stations on the Lostmans transect (LO1, LO2, LO3, and LO4); and three paired surface-water/groundwater gaging stations on the Chatham transect (CH1, CH2, and CH3). Both surface-water and groundwater levels, salinities, and temperatures were monitored at the paired gaging stations. Rainfall was recorded at marsh and open canopy gaging stations. This report details the study introduction, method, and description of data collected, which are accessible through the final instantaneous hydrologic dataset stored in the USGS South Florida Information Access (SOFIA) South Florida Hydrology Database website,<i> http://sofia.usgs.gov/exchange/sfl_hydro_data/location.html#brdlandmargin</i>.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds853","collaboration":"Prepared as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science Program.  Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Everglades National Park","usgsCitation":"Anderson, G.H., Smith, T.J., and Balentine, K., 2014, Land-margin ecosystem hydrologic data for the coastal Everglades, Florida, water years 1996-2012: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 853, vi, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds853.","productDescription":"vi, 38 p.","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-046122","costCenters":[{"id":285,"text":"Florida Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287902,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds853.PNG"},{"id":287899,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/853/"},{"id":287901,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/853/pdf/ds853.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -81.4938,24.9885 ], [ -81.4938,25.8005 ], [ -80.7636,25.8005 ], [ -80.7636,24.9885 ], [ -81.4938,24.9885 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7758e4b0abf75cf2c108","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Gordon H. 0000-0003-1675-8329 gordon_anderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1675-8329","contributorId":2771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Gordon","email":"gordon_anderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Thomas J. III tom_j_smith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Thomas","suffix":"III","email":"tom_j_smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Balentine, Karen M.","contributorId":79806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balentine","given":"Karen M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70103045,"text":"ds845 - 2014 - A pier-scour database: 2,427 field and laboratory measurements of pier scour","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-23T09:33:17","indexId":"ds845","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-30T13:02:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"845","title":"A pier-scour database: 2,427 field and laboratory measurements of pier scour","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a literature review to identify potential sources of published pier-scour data, and selected data were compiled into a digital spreadsheet called the 2014 USGS Pier-Scour Database (PSDb-2014) consisting of 569 laboratory and 1,858 field measurements. These data encompass a wide range of laboratory and field conditions and represent field data from 23 States within the United States and from 6 other countries. The digital spreadsheet is available on the Internet and offers a valuable resource to engineers and researchers seeking to understand pier-scour relations in the laboratory and field.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds845","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the South Carolina Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Benedict, S., and Caldwell, A.W., 2014, A pier-scour database: 2,427 field and laboratory measurements of pier scour: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 845, Report: vi, 22 p.; Table, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds845.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 22 p.; Table","numberOfPages":"32","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050919","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287882,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds845.jpg"},{"id":287880,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0845/pdf/ds845.pdf"},{"id":287879,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0845/"},{"id":287881,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0845/table/ds845_psdb-2014_version1.0.xlsx"}],"country":"Canada, China, Russia, United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7617e4b0abf75cf2be83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benedict, Stephen T. benedict@usgs.gov","contributorId":3198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benedict","given":"Stephen T.","email":"benedict@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caldwell, Andral W. 0000-0003-1269-5463 acaldwel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-5463","contributorId":3228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Andral","email":"acaldwel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70101668,"text":"sir20145071 - 2014 - An analysis of potential water availability from the Charles Mill, Clendening, Piedmont, Pleasant Hill, Senecaville, and Wills Creek Lakes in the Muskingum River Watershed, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-30T10:20:29","indexId":"sir20145071","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-30T10:10:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5071","title":"An analysis of potential water availability from the Charles Mill, Clendening, Piedmont, Pleasant Hill, Senecaville, and Wills Creek Lakes in the Muskingum River Watershed, Ohio","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents the results of a study to assess potential water availability from the Charles Mill, Clendening, Piedmont, Pleasant Hill, Senecaville, and Wills Creek Lakes, located within the Muskingum River Watershed, Ohio. The assessment was based on the criterion that water withdrawals should not appreciably affect maintenance of recreation-season pool levels in current use. To facilitate and simplify the assessment, it was assumed that historical lake operations were successful in maintaining seasonal pool levels, and that any discharges from lakes constituted either water that was discharged to prevent exceeding seasonal pool levels or discharges intended to meet minimum in-stream flow targets downstream from the lakes. It further was assumed that the volume of water discharged in excess of the minimum in-stream flow target is available for use without negatively impacting seasonal pool levels or downstream water uses and that all or part of it is subject to withdrawal.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Historical daily outflow data for the lakes were used to determine the quantity of water that potentially could be withdrawn and the resulting quantity of water that would flow downstream (referred to as “flow-by”) on a daily basis as a function of all combinations of three hypothetical target minimum flow-by amounts (1, 2, and 3 times current minimum in-stream flow targets) and three pumping capacities (1, 2, and 3 million gallons per day). Using both U.S. Geological Survey streamgage data (where available) and lake-outflow data provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers resulted in analytical periods ranging from 51 calendar years for Charles Mill, Clendening, and Piedmont Lakes to 74 calendar years for Pleasant Hill, Senecaville, and Wills Creek Lakes.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The observed outflow time series and the computed time series of daily flow-by amounts and potential withdrawals were analyzed to compute and report order statistics (95th, 75th, 50th, 25th, 10th, and 5th percentiles) and means for the analytical period, in aggregate, and broken down by calendar month. In addition, surplus-water mass curve data were tabulated for each of the lakes.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Monthly order statistics of computed withdrawals indicated that, for the three pumping capacities considered, increasing the target minimum flow-by amount tended to reduce the amount of water that can be withdrawn. The reduction was greatest in the lower percentiles of withdrawal; however, increasing the flow-by amount had no impact on potential withdrawals during high flow. In addition, for a given target minimum flow-by amount, increasing the pumping rate typically increased the total amount of water that could be withdrawn; however, that increase was less than a direct multiple of the increase in pumping rate for most flow statistics. Potential monthly withdrawals were observed to be more variable and more limited in some calendar months than others.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Monthly order statistics and means of computed daily mean flow-by amounts indicated that flow-by amounts generally tended to be lowest during June–October. Increasing the target minimum flow-by amount for a given pumping rate resulted in some small increases in the magnitudes of the mean and 50th percentile and lower order statistics of computed mean flow-by, but had no effect on the magnitudes of the higher percentile statistics. Increasing the pumping rate for a given target minimum flow-by amount resulted in decreases in magnitudes of higher-percentile flow-by statistics by an amount equal to the flow equivalent of the increase in pumping rate; however, some lower percentile statistics remained unchanged.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145071","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District","usgsCitation":"Koltun, G., 2014, An analysis of potential water availability from the Charles Mill, Clendening, Piedmont, Pleasant Hill, Senecaville, and Wills Creek Lakes in the Muskingum River Watershed, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5071, Report: v, 61 p.; Appendix 1, Table 1-2, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145071.","productDescription":"Report: v, 61 p.; Appendix 1, Table 1-2","numberOfPages":"72","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-054063","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287855,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145071.jpg"},{"id":287854,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5071/appendix/sir2014-5071_table-1-2.xlsx"},{"id":287852,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5071/"},{"id":287853,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5071/pdf/sir2014-5071.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Zone 17","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Ohio","otherGeospatial":"Charles Mill Lake;Clendening Lake;Muskingum River Watershed;Piedmont Lake;Pleasant Hill Lake;Senecaville Lake;Wills Creek Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.0,39.0 ], [ -83.0,41.4 ], [ -80.5,41.4 ], [ -80.5,39.0 ], [ -83.0,39.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7626e4b0abf75cf2bea8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koltun, G. F. 0000-0003-0255-2960","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-2960","contributorId":49817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koltun","given":"G. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70110364,"text":"sir20145097 - 2014 - Extending the turbidity record: making additional use of continuous data from turbidity, acoustic-Doppler, and laser diffraction instruments and suspended-sediment samples in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:47:21","indexId":"sir20145097","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-28T16:09:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5097","title":"Extending the turbidity record: making additional use of continuous data from turbidity, acoustic-Doppler, and laser diffraction instruments and suspended-sediment samples in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon","docAbstract":"Turbidity is a measure of the scattering and absorption of light in water, which in rivers is primarily caused by particles, usually sediment, suspended in the water. Turbidity varies significantly with differences in the design of the instrument measuring turbidity, a point that is illustrated in this study by side-by-side comparisons of two different models of instruments. Turbidity also varies with changes in the physical parameters of the particles in the water, such as concentration, grain size, grain shape, and color. A turbidity instrument that is commonly used for continuous monitoring of rivers has a light source in the near-infrared range (860±30 nanometers) and a detector oriented 90 degrees from the incident light path. This type of optical turbidity instrument has a limited measurement range (depending on pathlength) that is unable to capture the high turbidity levels of rivers that carry high suspended-sediment loads. The Colorado River in Grand Canyon is one such river, in which approximately 60 percent of the range in suspended-sediment concentration during the study period had unmeasurable turbidity using this type of optical instrument. Although some optical turbidimeters using backscatter or other techniques can measure higher concentrations of suspended sediment than the models used in this study, the maximum turbidity measurable using these other turbidimeters may still be exceeded in conditions of especially high concentrations of suspended silt and clay. In Grand Canyon, the existing optical turbidity instruments remain in use in part to provide consistency over time as new techniques are investigated. As a result, during these periods of high suspended-sediment concentration, turbidity values that could not be measured with the optical turbidity instruments were instead estimated from concurrent acoustic attenuation data collected using side-looking acoustic-Doppler profiler (ADP) instruments. Extending the turbidity record to the full range of sediment concentrations in the study area using data from the ADP instruments is particularly useful for biological studies. In Grand Canyon, turbidity has been correlated with food availability for aquatic organisms (gross primary production) as well as with fish behavior specific to predator-prey interactions. On the basis of the complete “extended” turbidity record and the relation between suspended-sediment concentration and turbidity, levels were higher before the construction of Glen Canyon Dam by a factor of approximately 2,000 at the Lees Ferry monitoring station (15 miles downstream from the dam) and by a factor of approximately 20 at the monitoring station 87 miles downstream from Lees Ferry (102 miles downstream from the dam). A comparison of turbidity data with data from Laser In-Situ Scattering and Transmissometry (LISST) laser-diffraction instruments, suspended-sediment concentration data, and ADP data shows the influence of the physical properties of suspended sediment. Apparent outliers in relations between turbidity, ADP, and suspended-sediment data during two events within the study period, a 2007 tributary flood from a watershed altered by a recent wildfire and a 2008 experimental controlled-flood release from Glen Canyon Dam, are explained in part by atypical grain sizes, shapes, densities, colors, and (or) clay mineral assemblages of suspended sediment occurring in the Colorado River during these two events. These analyses demonstrate the value of using multiple data-collection strategies for turbidity and sediment-transport studies and of continuous monitoring for capturing the full range and duration of turbidity and sediment-transport conditions, identifying the provenance of the sediment causing turbidity, and detecting physical and chemical processes that may be important for management of critical physical and biological resources.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145097","issn":"2328-0328","usgsCitation":"Voichick, N., and Topping, D.J., 2014, Extending the turbidity record: making additional use of continuous data from turbidity, acoustic-Doppler, and laser diffraction instruments and suspended-sediment samples in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5097, vi, 31 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145097.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.","numberOfPages":"40","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-044817","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287713,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145097.jpg"},{"id":287711,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5097/"},{"id":287712,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5097/pdf/sir2014-5097.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River;Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.5,35.5 ], [ -114.5,37.0 ], [ -111.0,37.0 ], [ -111.0,35.5 ], [ -114.5,35.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5386f750e4b0aa26cd7b5372","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voichick, Nicholas nvoichick@usgs.gov","contributorId":5015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voichick","given":"Nicholas","email":"nvoichick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Topping, David J. 0000-0002-2104-4577 dtopping@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2104-4577","contributorId":715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Topping","given":"David","email":"dtopping@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70100998,"text":"sir20115053 - 2014 - Proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Eighth Biennial Geographic Information Science Workshop and first The National Map Users Conference, Denver, Colorado, May 10-13, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T12:38:59","indexId":"sir20115053","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-27T15:31:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-5053","displayTitle":"Proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Eighth Biennial Geographic Information Science Workshop and first <i>The National Map</i> Users Conference, Denver, Colorado, May 10-13, 2011","title":"Proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Eighth Biennial Geographic Information Science Workshop and first The National Map Users Conference, Denver, Colorado, May 10-13, 2011","docAbstract":"<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is sponsoring the first The National Map Users Conference in conjunction with the eighth biennial Geographic Information Science (GIS) Workshop on May 10-13, 2011, in Lakewood, Colorado. The GIS Workshop will be held at the USGS National Training Center, located on the Denver Federal Center, Lakewood, Colorado, May 10-11. The National Map Users Conference will be held directly after the GIS Workshop at the Denver Marriott West, a convention hotel in the Lakewood, Colorado area, May 12-13.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The National Map is designed to serve the Nation by providing geographic data and knowledge for government, industry, and public uses. The goal of The National Map Users Conference is to enhance communications and collaboration among the communities of users of and contributors to The National Map, including USGS, Department of the Interior, and other government GIS specialists and scientists, as well as the broader geospatial community. The USGS National Geospatial Program intends the conference to serve as a forum to engage users and more fully discover and meet their needs for the products and services of The National Map.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The goal of the GIS Workshop is to promote advancement of GIS and related technologies and concepts as well as the sharing of GIS knowledge within the USGS GIS community. This collaborative opportunity for multi-disciplinary GIS and associated professionals will allow attendees to present and discuss a wide variety of geospatial-related topics.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The Users Conference and Workshop collaboration will bring together scientists, managers, and data users who, through presentations, posters, seminars, workshops, and informal gatherings, will share accomplishments and progress on a variety of geospatial topics. During this joint event, attendees will have the opportunity to present or demonstrate their work; to develop their knowledge by attending hands-on workshops, seminars, and presentations given by professionals from USGS and other Federal Agencies, GIS related companies, and academia; and to network with other professionals to develop collaborative opportunities.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Specific conference topics include scientific and modeling applications using The National Map, opportunities for partnerships, and advances in geospatial technologies.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The first part of the week will be the GIS Workshop, offered as a pre-conference seminar. It will focus on hands-on GIS training and seminars concerning current topics of geospatial interest. The focus of the USGS GIS Workshop is to showcase specific techniques and concepts for using GIS in support of science. The presentations will be educational and not a marketing endeavor. To promote awareness of and interaction with selected USGS corporate and local science center data products, as well as promoting collaboration, a “GIS Olympics” event will be held Tuesday evening during the GIS Workshop.</p>\n<br>\n<p>The second part of the week will feature interactive briefings and discussions on issues and opportunities of The National Map. The focus of the Users Conference will be on the role of The National Map in supporting science initiatives, emergency response, land and wildlife management, and other activities. All presentations at the Users Conference include use or innovations related to a The National Map data theme or application. On Wednesday evening, a poster session is being held as a combined event for all attendees and as a juncture between the events. On Thursday evening, the Henry Gannett Award will be presented. Additionally, poster awards will be presented.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Several prominent speakers are featured at plenary sessions at The National Map Users Conference, including Deanna A. Archuleta, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Water and Science, Department of the Interior; Dr. Barbara P. Buttenfield, Professor of Geography at the University of Colorado in Boulder; best-selling author Frederick Reuss; and Dr. Joel Scheraga, Senior Advisor for Climate Adaptation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Additionally, panel discussions have attracted participation from notable experts from government, academia, and the private sector.</p>\n<br>\n<p>This Proceedings volume will serve as an activity reference for workshop attendees, as well as an archive of technical abstracts presented at the workshop. Author, co-author, and presenter names, affiliations, and contact information are listed with presentation titles with the abstracts. Some hands-on sessions are offered twice; in these instances, abstracts submitted for publication are presented in the proceedings on both days on which they are offered.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20115053","issn":"2328-0328","usgsCitation":"2014, Proceedings of the U.S. Geological Survey Eighth Biennial Geographic Information Science Workshop and first The National Map Users Conference, Denver, Colorado, May 10-13, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2011-5053, xiii, 91 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20115053.","productDescription":"xiii, 91 p.","numberOfPages":"112","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-05-10","temporalEnd":"2011-05-13","ipdsId":"IP-028727","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287634,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20115053.jpg"},{"id":287633,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5053/pdf/sir2011-5053.pdf"},{"id":287632,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5053/"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385a5d6e4b09e18fc0239f7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Sieverling, Jennifer B. jbsiever@usgs.gov","contributorId":4806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sieverling","given":"Jennifer","email":"jbsiever@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":728631,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietterle, Jeffrey jdietterle@usgs.gov","contributorId":4150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietterle","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jdietterle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":728632,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70093208,"text":"sir20145021 - 2014 - Simulation of natural flows in major river basins in Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-27T15:20:17","indexId":"sir20145021","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-27T15:14:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5021","title":"Simulation of natural flows in major river basins in Alabama","docAbstract":"The Office of Water Resources (OWR) in the Alabama Department of Economic and Community Affairs (ADECA) is charged with the assessment of the State’s water resources. This study developed a watershed model for the major river basins that are within Alabama or that cross Alabama’s borders, which serves as a planning tool for water-resource decisionmakers. The watershed model chosen to assess the natural amount of available water was the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS). Models were configured and calibrated for the following four river basins: Mobile, Gulf of Mexico, Middle Tennessee, and Chattahoochee. These models required calibrating unregulated U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamflow gaging stations to estimate natural flows, with emphases on low-flow calibration. The target calibration criteria required the errors be within the range of: (1) ±10 percent for total-streamflow volume, (2) ±10 percent for low-flow volume, (3) ±15 percent for high-flow volume, (4) ±30 percent for summer volume, and (5) above 0.5 for the correlation coefficient (R<sup>2</sup>). Seventy-one of the 90 calibration stations in the watershed models for the four major river basins within Alabama met the target calibration criteria. Variability in the model performance can be attributed to limitations in correctly representing certain hydrologic conditions that are characterized by some of the ecoregions in Alabama. Ecoregions consisting of predominantly clayey soils and (or) low topographic relief yield less successful calibration results, whereas ecoregions consisting of loamy and sandy soils and (or) high topographic relief yield more successful calibration results. Results indicate that the model does well in hilly regions with sandy soils because of rapid surface runoff and more direct interaction with subsurface flow.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145021","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Alabama Department of Economic and Community Affairs—Office of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Hunt, A.M., and García, A., 2014, Simulation of natural flows in major river basins in Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5021, Report: vi, 32 p.; Appendix 1; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145021.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 32 p.; Appendix 1; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049894","costCenters":[{"id":105,"text":"Alabama Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287629,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145021.jpg"},{"id":287627,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5021/appendix/sir2014-5021_appendix1.pdf"},{"id":287628,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5021/downloads"},{"id":287625,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5021/"},{"id":287626,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5021/pdf/sir2014-5021.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.0,29.5 ], [ -90.0,37.01 ], [ -82.99,37.01 ], [ -82.99,29.5 ], [ -90.0,29.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385a5d6e4b09e18fc0239fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Alexandria M. amhunt@usgs.gov","contributorId":4927,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Alexandria","email":"amhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"García, Ana María","contributorId":9172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"García","given":"Ana María","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70110604,"text":"70110604 - 2014 - Mercury speciation in the Mt. Amiata mining district (Italy): interplay between urban activities and mercury contamination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-27T11:41:54","indexId":"70110604","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-27T11:28:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury speciation in the Mt. Amiata mining district (Italy): interplay between urban activities and mercury contamination","docAbstract":"A fundamental step to evaluate the biogeochemical and eco-toxicological significance of Hg dispersion in the environment is to determine speciation of Hg in solid matrices. In this study, several analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), sequential chemical extractions (SCEs), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES) were used to identify Hg compounds and Hg speciation in samples collected from the Mt. Amiata Hg mining district, southern Tuscany, Italy. Different geological materials, such as mine waste calcine (retorted ore), soil, stream sediment, and stream water suspended particulate matter were analyzed. Results show that the samples were generally composed of highly insoluble Hg compounds such as sulphides (HgS, cinnabar and metacinnabar), and more soluble Hg halides such as those associated with the mosesite group. Other moderately soluble Hg compounds, HgCl<sub>2</sub>, HgO and Hg<sup>0</sup>, were also identified in stream sediments draining the mining area. The presence of these minerals suggests active and continuous runoff of soluble Hg compounds from calcines, where such Hg compounds form during retorting, or later in secondary processes. Specifically, we suggest that, due to the proximity of Hg mines to the urban center of Abbadia San Salvatore, the influence of other anthropogenic activities was a key factor for Hg speciation, resulting in the formation of unusual Hg-minerals such as mosesite.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.04.023","usgsCitation":"Rimondi, V., Bardelli, F., Benvenuti, M., Costagliola, P., Gray, J.E., and Lattanzi, P., 2014, Mercury speciation in the Mt. Amiata mining district (Italy): interplay between urban activities and mercury contamination: Chemical Geology, v. 380, p. 110-118, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.04.023.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"118","numberOfPages":"9","ipdsId":"IP-054601","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287594,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287588,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.04.023"}],"country":"Italy","state":"Tuscany","otherGeospatial":"Mt. Amiata","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 10.4496,42.2384 ], [ 10.4496,43.3988 ], [ 12.3714,43.3988 ], [ 12.3714,42.2384 ], [ 10.4496,42.2384 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"380","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5385a5d4e4b09e18fc0239ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rimondi, Valentina","contributorId":27772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rimondi","given":"Valentina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bardelli, Fabrizio","contributorId":98645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bardelli","given":"Fabrizio","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benvenuti, Marco","contributorId":44083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benvenuti","given":"Marco","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Costagliola, Pilario","contributorId":106404,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costagliola","given":"Pilario","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gray, John E. jgray@usgs.gov","contributorId":1275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"John","email":"jgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lattanzi, Pierfranco","contributorId":87845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lattanzi","given":"Pierfranco","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70134680,"text":"70134680 - 2014 - Prevalence, transmission, and genetic diversity of blood parasites infecting tundra-nesting geese in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-20T20:25:23","indexId":"70134680","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prevalence, transmission, and genetic diversity of blood parasites infecting tundra-nesting geese in Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>A total of 842 blood samples collected from five species of tundra-nesting geese in Alaska was screened for haemosporidian parasites using molecular techniques. Parasites of the genera<em>Leucocytozoon</em>&nbsp;Danilewsky, 1890,&nbsp;<em>Haemoproteus</em>&nbsp;Kruse, 1890, and&nbsp;<em>Plasmodium</em>&nbsp;Marchiafava and Celli, 1885 were detected in 169 (20%), 3 (&lt;1%), and 0 (0%) samples, respectively. Occupancy modeling was used to estimate prevalence of&nbsp;<em>Leucocytozoon</em>&nbsp;parasites and assess variation relative to species, age, sex, geographic area, year, and decade. Species, age, and decade were identified as important in explaining differences in prevalence of&nbsp;<em>Leucocytozoon</em>parasites.&nbsp;<em>Leucocytozoon</em>&nbsp;parasites were detected in goslings sampled along the Arctic Coastal Plain using both historic and contemporary samples, which provided support for transmission in the North American Arctic. In contrast, lack of detection of&nbsp;<em>Haemoproteus</em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>Plasmodium</em>parasites in goslings (<em>n</em>&nbsp;= 238) provided evidence to suggest that the transmission of parasites of these genera may not occur among waterfowl using tundra habitats in Alaska, or alternatively, may only occur at low levels. Five haemosporidian genetic lineages shared among different species of geese sampled from two geographic areas were indicative of interspecies parasite transmission and supported broad parasite or vector distributions. However, identical<em>Leucocytozoon</em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>Haemoproteus</em>&nbsp;lineages on public databases were limited to waterfowl hosts suggesting constraints in the range of parasite hosts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjz-2014-0041","usgsCitation":"Ramey, A.M., Reed, J.A., Schmutz, J.A., Fondell, T.F., Meixell, B.W., Hupp, J.W., Ward, D.H., Terenzi, J., and Ely, C.R., 2014, Prevalence, transmission, and genetic diversity of blood parasites infecting tundra-nesting geese in Alaska: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 92, no. 8, p. 699-706, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2014-0041.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"699","endPage":"706","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054447","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":296438,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -170.2001953125,\n              62.97519757003264\n            ],\n            [\n              -170.2001953125,\n              71.39916455383504\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.9765625,\n              71.39916455383504\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.9765625,\n              62.97519757003264\n            ],\n            [\n              -170.2001953125,\n              62.97519757003264\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"548193c8e4b0aa6d778520fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramey, Andrew M. 0000-0002-3601-8400 aramey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-8400","contributorId":1872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramey","given":"Andrew","email":"aramey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, John A. 0000-0002-3239-6906 jareed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3239-6906","contributorId":127683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"John","email":"jareed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fondell, Tom F. tfondell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fondell","given":"Tom","email":"tfondell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":526304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meixell, Brandt W. 0000-0002-6738-0349 bmeixell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-0349","contributorId":138716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meixell","given":"Brandt","email":"bmeixell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Terenzi, John jterenzi@usgs.gov","contributorId":5085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terenzi","given":"John","email":"jterenzi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ely, Craig R. 0000-0003-4262-0892 cely@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-0892","contributorId":3214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ely","given":"Craig","email":"cely@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":526309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70132322,"text":"70132322 - 2014 - Invasive hybridization in a threatened species is accelerated by climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-31T19:35:08.889191","indexId":"70132322","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-25T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2841,"text":"Nature Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1758-6798","printIssn":"1758-678X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Invasive hybridization in a threatened species is accelerated by climate change","docAbstract":"<p><span>Climate change will decrease worldwide biodiversity through a number of potential pathways</span><sup><a id=\"ref-link-section-d51451e527\" title=\"Parmesan, C. Ecological and evolutionary responses to recent climate change. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 37, 637–669 (2006).\" href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2252#ref-CR1\" data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 1\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2252#ref-CR1\">1</a></sup><span>, including invasive hybridization</span><sup><a id=\"ref-link-section-d51451e531\" title=\"Hoffmann, A. A. &amp; Sgro, C. M. Climate change and evolutionary adaptation. Nature 470, 479–485 (2011).\" href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2252#ref-CR2\" data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 2\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2252#ref-CR2\">2</a></sup><span>&nbsp;(cross-breeding between invasive and native species). How climate warming influences the spread of hybridization and loss of native genomes poses difficult ecological and evolutionary questions with little empirical information to guide conservation management decisions</span><sup><a id=\"ref-link-section-d51451e535\" title=\"Moritz, C. &amp; Agudo, R. The future of species under climate change: Resilience or decline? Science 341, 504–508 (2013).\" href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2252#ref-CR3\" data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 3\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2252#ref-CR3\">3</a></sup><span>. Here we combine long-term genetic monitoring data with high-resolution climate and stream temperature predictions to evaluate how recent climate warming has influenced the spatio-temporal spread of human-mediated hybridization between threatened native westslope cutthroat trout (</span><i>Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi</i><span>) and non-native rainbow trout (</span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i><span>), the world’s most widely introduced invasive fish</span><sup><a id=\"ref-link-section-d51451e546\" title=\"Halverson, A. An Entirely Synthetic Fish: How Rainbow Trout Beguiled America and Overran the World (Yale Univ. Press, 2010).\" href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2252#ref-CR4\" data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 4\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2252#ref-CR4\">4</a></sup><span>. Despite widespread release of millions of rainbow trout over the past century within the Flathead River system</span><sup><a id=\"ref-link-section-d51451e550\" title=\"Hitt, N. P., Frissell, C. A., Muhlfeld, C. C. &amp; Allendorf, F. W. Spread of hybridization between native westslope cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi, and nonnative rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 60, 1440–1451 (2003).\" href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2252#ref-CR5\" data-track=\"click\" data-track-action=\"reference anchor\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-test=\"citation-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 5\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2252#ref-CR5\">5</a></sup><span>, a large relatively pristine watershed in western North America, historical samples revealed that hybridization was prevalent only in one (source) population. During a subsequent 30-year period of accelerated warming, hybridization spread rapidly and was strongly linked to interactions between climatic drivers—precipitation and temperature—and distance to the source population. Specifically, decreases in spring precipitation and increases in summer stream temperature probably promoted upstream expansion of hybridization throughout the system. This study shows that rapid climate warming can exacerbate interactions between native and non-native species through invasive hybridization, which could spell genomic extinction for many&nbsp;species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/nclimate2252","usgsCitation":"Muhlfeld, C.C., Kovach, R., Jones, L.A., Al-Chokhachy, R.K., Boyer, M.C., Leary, R., Lowe, W.H., Luikart, G., and Allendorf, F.W., 2014, Invasive hybridization in a threatened species is accelerated by climate change: Nature Climate Change, v. 4, p. 620-624, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2252.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"620","endPage":"624","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053196","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295941,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alberta, Idaho, Montana","otherGeospatial":"Flathead River system","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.4111328125,\n              47.12247581664114\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.02734374999999,\n              47.12247581664114\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.02734374999999,\n              50.75035931136963\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.4111328125,\n              50.75035931136963\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.4111328125,\n              47.12247581664114\n            ]\n          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,{"id":70110411,"text":"70110411 - 2014 - Factors affecting temporal variability of arsenic in groundwater used for drinking water supply in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-12T14:48:16","indexId":"70110411","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-23T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting temporal variability of arsenic in groundwater used for drinking water supply in the United States","docAbstract":"<p>The occurrence of arsenic in groundwater is a recognized environmental hazard with worldwide importance and much effort has been focused on surveying and predicting where arsenic occurs. Temporal variability is one aspect of this environmental hazard that has until recently received less attention than other aspects. For this study, we analyzed 1245 wells with two samples per well. We suggest that temporal variability, often reported as affecting very few wells, is perhaps a larger issue than it appears and has been masked by datasets with large numbers of non-detect data. Although there was only a slight difference in arsenic concentration variability among samples from public and private wells (p = 0.0452), the range of variability was larger for public than for private wells. Further, we relate the variability we see to geochemical factors&mdash;primarily variability in redox&mdash;but also variability in pH and major-ion chemistry. We also show that in New England there is a weak but statistically significant indication that seasonality may have an effect on concentrations, whereby concentrations in the first two quarters of the year (January&ndash;June) are significantly lower than in the second two quarters (July&ndash;December) (p &lt; 0.0001). In the Central Valley of California, though not statistically significant (p = 0.4169), arsenic concentration is lower in the first quarter of the year but increases in subsequent quarters. In both regions, these changes appear to follow groundwater levels. It is possible that this difference in arsenic concentrations is related to groundwater level changes, pumping stresses, evapotranspiration effects, or perhaps mixing of more oxidizing, lower pH recharge water in wetter months. Focusing on the understanding the geochemical conditions in aquifers where arsenic concentrations are concerns and causes of geochemical changes in the groundwater environment may lead to a better understanding of where and by how much arsenic will vary over time.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Science of the Total Environment","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.057","usgsCitation":"Ayotte, J., Belaval, M., Olson, S.A., Burow, K.R., Flanagan, S., Hinkle, S.R., and Lindsey, B., 2014, Factors affecting temporal variability of arsenic in groundwater used for drinking water supply in the United States: Science of the Total Environment, v. 505, p. 1370-1379, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.057.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1370","endPage":"1379","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053212","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287580,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287579,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.057"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"505","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"538051d8e4b0826cd5016536","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ayotte, Joseph D. jayotte@usgs.gov","contributorId":1802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayotte","given":"Joseph D.","email":"jayotte@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belaval, Marcel","contributorId":21636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belaval","given":"Marcel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olson, Scott A. 0000-0002-1064-2125 solson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1064-2125","contributorId":2059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Scott","email":"solson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burow, Karen R. 0000-0001-6006-6667 krburow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-6667","contributorId":1504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burow","given":"Karen","email":"krburow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Flanagan, Sarah M.","contributorId":8492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flanagan","given":"Sarah M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hinkle, Stephen R. srhinkle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkle","given":"Stephen","email":"srhinkle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lindsey, Bruce D. 0000-0002-7180-4319 blindsey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7180-4319","contributorId":434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Bruce D.","email":"blindsey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70110359,"text":"70110359 - 2014 - Regional differentiation among populations of the Diamondback terrapin (<i>Malaclemys terrapin</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-23T15:17:31","indexId":"70110359","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-23T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional differentiation among populations of the Diamondback terrapin (<i>Malaclemys terrapin</i>)","docAbstract":"The Diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) is a brackish-water turtle species whose populations have been fragmented due to anthropogenic activity such as development of coastal habitat and entrapment in commercial blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) fishing gear. Genetic analyses can improve conservation efforts for the long-term protection of the species. We used microsatellite DNA analysis to investigate levels of gene flow among and genetic variability within 21 geographically separate collections of the species distributed from Massachusetts to Texas. Quantified levels of genetic variability (allelic diversity, genotypic frequencies, and heterozygosity) revealed three zones of genetic discontinuity, resulting in four discrete populations: Northeast Atlantic, Coastal Mid-Atlantic, Florida and Texas/Louisiana. The average number of alleles and expected heterozygosity for the four genetic clusters were N<sub>A</sub> = 6.54 and H<sub>E</sub> = 0.050, respectively. However, the geographic boundaries of the populations did not correspond to accepted terrapin subspecies limits. Our results illuminate not only the need to sample terrapins in additional sites, specifically in the southeast, but also the necessity for allowing uninterrupted gene flow among population groupings to preserve current levels of genetic diversity.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation Genetics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10592-014-0563-6","usgsCitation":"Hart, K.M., Hunter, M., and King, T.L., 2014, Regional differentiation among populations of the Diamondback terrapin (<i>Malaclemys terrapin</i>): Conservation Genetics, v. 15, no. 3, p. 593-603, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-014-0563-6.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"593","endPage":"603","numberOfPages":"11","ipdsId":"IP-045790","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287574,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287573,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-014-0563-6"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -95.0,20.0 ], [ -95.0,45.0 ], [ -65.0,45.0 ], [ -65.0,20.0 ], [ -95.0,20.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53805283e4b0826cd5016876","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Kristen M. 0000-0002-5257-7974 kristen_hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":1966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","email":"kristen_hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunter, Margaret E. 0000-0002-4760-9302 mhunter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-9302","contributorId":4888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"Margaret E.","email":"mhunter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King, Tim L.","contributorId":48070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Tim","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70103371,"text":"sir20145079 - 2014 - Development of flood-inundation maps for the Mississippi River in Saint Paul, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-23T14:26:24","indexId":"sir20145079","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-23T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5079","title":"Development of flood-inundation maps for the Mississippi River in Saint Paul, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Digital flood-inundation maps for a 6.3-mile reach of the Mississippi River in Saint Paul, Minnesota, were developed through a multi-agency effort by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and in collaboration with the National Weather Service. The inundation maps, which can be accessed through the U.S. Geological Survey Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at <a href=\"http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/\" target=\"_blank\">http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/</a> and the National Weather Service Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service site at <a href=\"http://water.weather.gov/ahps/inundation.php\" target=\"_blank\">http://water.weather.gov/ahps/inundation.php</a>, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the U.S. Geological Survey streamgage at the Mississippi River at Saint Paul (05331000). The National Weather Service forecasted peak-stage information at the streamgage may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>In this study, flood profiles were computed for the Mississippi River by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The hydraulic model was calibrated using the most recent stage-discharge relation at the Robert Street location (rating curve number 38.0) of the Mississippi River at Saint Paul (streamgage 05331000), as well as an approximate water-surface elevation-discharge relation at the Mississippi River at South Saint Paul (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers streamgage SSPM5). The model also was verified against observed high-water marks from the recent 2011 flood event and the water-surface profile from existing flood insurance studies. The hydraulic model was then used to determine 25 water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot intervals ranging from approximately bankfull stage to greater than the highest recorded stage at streamgage 05331000. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system digital elevation model, derived from high-resolution topography data, to delineate potential areas flooded and to determine the water depths within the inundated areas for each stage at streamgage 05331000.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The availability of these maps along with information regarding current stage at the U.S. Geological Survey streamgage and forecasted stages from the National Weather Service provides enhanced flood warning and visualization of the potential effects of a forecasted flood for the city of Saint Paul and its residents. The maps also can aid in emergency management planning and response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145079","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Czuba, C.R., Fallon, J.D., Lewis, C.R., and Cooper, D.F., 2014, Development of flood-inundation maps for the Mississippi River in Saint Paul, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5079, Report: vii, 24 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145079.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 24 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-045357","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145079.jpg"},{"id":287564,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5079/"},{"id":287568,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5079/downloads/"},{"id":287567,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5079/pdf/sir2014-5079.pdf"}],"projection":"Web Mercator (Auxiliary Sphere) projection","datum":"World Geodectic System 1984","country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Saint Paul","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -93.15028,44.904788 ], [ -93.15028,44.97016 ], [ -92.999857,44.97016 ], [ -92.999857,44.904788 ], [ -93.15028,44.904788 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"538051c6e4b0826cd50164ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Czuba, Christiana R. cczuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":4555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Czuba","given":"Christiana","email":"cczuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fallon, James D. jfallon@usgs.gov","contributorId":3417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fallon","given":"James","email":"jfallon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":493276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lewis, Corby R.","contributorId":25082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Corby","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cooper, Diane F.","contributorId":11952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70108943,"text":"70108943 - 2014 - Assessing climate-change risks to cultural and natural resources in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-23T14:13:21","indexId":"70108943","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-23T13:48:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing climate-change risks to cultural and natural resources in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, USA","docAbstract":"We provide an overview of an interdisciplinary special issue that examines the influence of climate change on people and fish in the Yakima River Basin, USA. Jenni et al. (2013) addresses stakeholder-relevant climate change issues, such as water availability and uncertainty, with decision analysis tools. Montag et al. (2014) explores Yakama Tribal cultural values and well-being and their incorporation into the decision-making process. Graves and Maule (2012) simulates effects of climate change on stream temperatures under baseline conditions (1981–2005) and two future climate scenarios (increased air temperature of 1 °C and 2 °C). Hardiman and Mesa (2013) looks at the effects of increased stream temperatures on juvenile steelhead growth with a bioenergetics model. Finally, Hatten et al. (2013) examines how changes in stream flow will affect salmonids with a rule-based fish habitat model. Our simulations indicate that future summer will be a very challenging season for salmonids when low flows and high water temperatures can restrict movement, inhibit or alter growth, and decrease habitat. While some of our simulations indicate salmonids may benefit from warmer water temperatures and increased winter flows, the majority of simulations produced less habitat. The floodplain and tributary habitats we sampled are representative of the larger landscape, so it is likely that climate change will reduce salmonid habitat potential throughout particular areas of the basin. Management strategies are needed to minimize potential salmonid habitat bottlenecks that may result from climate change, such as keeping streams cool through riparian protection, stream restoration, and the reduction of water diversions. An investment in decision analysis and support technologies can help managers understand tradeoffs under different climate scenarios and possibly improve water and fish conservation over the next century.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climatic Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-014-1126-z","usgsCitation":"Hatten, J.R., Waste, S., and Maule, A.G., 2014, Assessing climate-change risks to cultural and natural resources in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, USA: Climatic Change, v. 124, no. 1-2, p. 363-370, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1126-z.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"370","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-055186","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1126-z","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":287563,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287547,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1126-z"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Yakima River Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.5,46.25 ], [ -121.5,47.50 ], [ -119.25,47.50 ], [ -119.25,46.25 ], [ -121.5,46.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"124","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53805198e4b0826cd50163e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatten, James R. 0000-0003-4676-8093 jhatten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4676-8093","contributorId":3431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatten","given":"James","email":"jhatten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waste, Stephen M. swaste@usgs.gov","contributorId":3837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waste","given":"Stephen M.","email":"swaste@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maule, Alec G. amaule@usgs.gov","contributorId":2606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maule","given":"Alec","email":"amaule@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70100989,"text":"sir20145040 - 2014 - Groundwater levels and water quality during a 96-hour aquifer test in Pickaway County, Ohio, 2012","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-23T13:13:26","indexId":"sir20145040","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-23T13:07:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5040","title":"Groundwater levels and water quality during a 96-hour aquifer test in Pickaway County, Ohio, 2012","docAbstract":"<p>During October–November 2012, a 96-hour aquifer test was performed at a proposed well field in northern Pickaway County, Ohio, to investigate groundwater with elevated nitrate concentrations. Earlier sampling done by the City of Columbus revealed that some wells had concentrations of nitrate that approached 10 milligrams per liter (mg/L), whereas other wells and the nearby Scioto River had concentrations from 2 to 6 mg/L. The purpose of the current test was to examine potential changes in water quality that may be expected if the site was developed into a public water-supply source; therefore, water-transmitting properties determined during a previous test were not determined a second time.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Before and during the test, water-level data and water-quality samples were obtained from observation wells while a test production well was pumped at 1,300 gallons per minute. Before the test, local groundwater levels indicated that groundwater was being discharged to the nearby Scioto River, but during the test, the stream was losing streamflow owing to infiltration. Water levels declined in the pumping well, in adjacent observation wells, and in a nearby streambed piezometer as pumping commenced. The maximum drawdown in the pumping well was 29.75 feet, measured about 95 hours after pumping began.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Water-quality data, including analyses for field parameters, major and trace elements, nutrients, and stable isotopes of oxygen and nitrogen in nitrate, demonstrated only small variations before and during the test. Concentrations of nitrate in five samples from the pumping well ranged from about 5.10 to 5.42 mg/L before and during the test, whereas concentrations of nitrate in five samples on or about the same sampling dates and times at a monitoring site on the Scioto River adjacent to the pumping well ranged from 3.46 to 4.97 mg/L. Water from two nearby observation wells had nitrate concentrations approaching 10 mg/L, which is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Maximum Contaminant Level for nitrate. Analysis of isotopes of oxygen and nitrogen in nitrate indicated that the source of nitrate is most likely soil nitrogen and fertilizer, with some denitrification and (or) mixing with some manure and septic waste derived from upstream wastewater-treatment facilities.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145040","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Columbus, Department of Public Utilities, Division of Water","usgsCitation":"Haefner, R.J., Runkle, D.L., and Mailot, B.E., 2014, Groundwater levels and water quality during a 96-hour aquifer test in Pickaway County, Ohio, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5040, Report: v, 16 p.; Table 4: XLS, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145040.","productDescription":"Report: v, 16 p.; Table 4: XLS","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2012-10-01","temporalEnd":"2012-11-30","ipdsId":"IP-053176","costCenters":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287560,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145040.jpg"},{"id":287559,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5040/table/sir2014-5040_table4.xlsx"},{"id":287557,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5040/"},{"id":287558,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5040/pdf/sir2014-5040.pdf"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Ohio","county":"Pickaway County","otherGeospatial":"Scioto River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -83.015768,39.753186 ], [ -83.015768,39.768975 ], [ -82.98798,39.768975 ], [ -82.98798,39.753186 ], [ -83.015768,39.753186 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5380521be4b0826cd501667f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haefner, Ralph J. 0000-0002-4363-9010 rhaefner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4363-9010","contributorId":1793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haefner","given":"Ralph","email":"rhaefner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkle, Donna L. dlrunkle@usgs.gov","contributorId":2556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkle","given":"Donna","email":"dlrunkle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":492489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mailot, Brian E. bemailot@usgs.gov","contributorId":2569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mailot","given":"Brian","email":"bemailot@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":513,"text":"Ohio Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70104311,"text":"ds849 - 2014 - Discharge, water temperature, and selected meteorological data for Vancouver Lake, Vancouver, Washington, water years 2011-13","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-23T08:23:01","indexId":"ds849","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-23T08:13:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"849","title":"Discharge, water temperature, and selected meteorological data for Vancouver Lake, Vancouver, Washington, water years 2011-13","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey partnered with the Vancouver Lake Watershed Partnership in a 2-year intensive study to quantify the movement of water and nutrients through Vancouver Lake in Vancouver, Washington. This report is intended to assist the Vancouver Lake Watershed Partnership in evaluating potential courses of action to mitigate seasonally driven blooms of harmful cyanobacteria and to improve overall water quality of the lake. This report contains stream discharge, lake water temperature, and selected meteorological data for water years 2011, 2012, and 2013 that were used to develop the water and nutrient budgets for the lake.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds849","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Vancouver Lake Watershed Partnership","usgsCitation":"Foreman, J.R., Marshall, C., and Sheibley, R.W., 2014, Discharge, water temperature, and selected meteorological data for Vancouver Lake, Vancouver, Washington, water years 2011-13: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 849, v, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds849.","productDescription":"v, 51 p.","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"Y","temporalStart":"2010-10-01","temporalEnd":"2013-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-055506","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287553,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds849.jpg"},{"id":287548,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/849/"},{"id":287552,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/849/pdf/ds849.pdf"}],"projection":"State Plane Washington South, FIPS 4602","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Washington","city":"Vancouver","otherGeospatial":"Vancouver Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.78263,45.626529 ], [ -122.78263,45.729892 ], [ -122.657838,45.729892 ], [ -122.657838,45.626529 ], [ -122.78263,45.626529 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"538051c9e4b0826cd50164c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foreman, James R. 0000-0003-0535-4580 jforeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0535-4580","contributorId":3669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foreman","given":"James","email":"jforeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marshall, Cameron A. marshall@usgs.gov","contributorId":5412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"Cameron A.","email":"marshall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sheibley, Rich W. 0000-0003-1627-8536 sheibley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1627-8536","contributorId":3044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sheibley","given":"Rich","email":"sheibley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70108091,"text":"70108091 - 2014 - Organic substances in produced and formation water from unconventional natural gas extraction in coal and shale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-22T15:10:52","indexId":"70108091","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-22T15:04:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic substances in produced and formation water from unconventional natural gas extraction in coal and shale","docAbstract":"Organic substances in produced and formation water from coalbed methane (CBM) and gas shale plays from across the USA were examined in this study. Disposal of produced waters from gas extraction in coal and shale is an important environmental issue because of the large volumes of water involved and the variable quality of this water. Organic substances in produced water may be environmentally relevant as pollutants, but have been little studied. Results from five CBM plays and two gas shale plays (including the Marcellus Shale) show a myriad of organic chemicals present in the produced and formation water. Organic compound classes present in produced and formation water in CBM plays include: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heterocyclic compounds, alkyl phenols, aromatic amines, alkyl aromatics (alkyl benzenes, alkyl biphenyls), long-chain fatty acids, and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Concentrations of individual compounds range from < 1 to 100 μg/L, but total PAHs (the dominant compound class for most CBM samples) range from 50 to 100 μg/L. Total dissolved organic carbon (TOC) in CBM produced water is generally in the 1–4 mg/L range. Excursions from this general pattern in produced waters from individual wells arise from contaminants introduced by production activities (oils, grease, adhesives, etc.). Organic substances in produced and formation water from gas shale unimpacted by production chemicals have a similar range of compound classes as CBM produced water, and TOC levels of about 8 mg/L. However, produced water from the Marcellus Shale using hydraulic fracturing has TOC levels as high as 5500 mg/L and a range of added organic chemicals including, solvents, biocides, scale inhibitors, and other organic chemicals at levels of 1000 s of μg/L for individual compounds. Levels of these hydraulic fracturing chemicals and TOC decrease rapidly over the first 20 days of water recovery and some level of residual organic contaminants remain up to 250 days after hydraulic fracturing. Although the environmental impacts of the organics in produced water are not well defined, results suggest that care should be exercised in the disposal and release of produced waters containing these organic substances into the environment because of the potential toxicity of many of these substances.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coal.2014.01.003","usgsCitation":"Orem, W.H., Tatu, C.A., Varonka, M.S., Lerch, H.E., Bates, A.L., Engle, M.A., Crosby, L.M., and McIntosh, J., 2014, Organic substances in produced and formation water from unconventional natural gas extraction in coal and shale: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 126, p. 20-31, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2014.01.003.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"20","endPage":"31","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-053971","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":287539,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287540,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2014.01.003"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.8,24.5 ], [ -124.8,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,49.383333 ], [ -66.95,24.5 ], [ -124.8,24.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"126","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"537f0e53e4b021317a86e2d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orem, William H. 0000-0003-4990-0539 borem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"William","email":"borem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tatu, Calin A. ctatu@usgs.gov","contributorId":5437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tatu","given":"Calin","email":"ctatu@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Varonka, Matthew S. 0000-0003-3620-5262 mvaronka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3620-5262","contributorId":4726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Varonka","given":"Matthew","email":"mvaronka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lerch, Harry E. tlerch@usgs.gov","contributorId":600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerch","given":"Harry","email":"tlerch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":493961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bates, Anne L. 0000-0002-4875-4675 abates@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4875-4675","contributorId":2789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bates","given":"Anne","email":"abates@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Crosby, Lynn M. lcrosby@usgs.gov","contributorId":369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crosby","given":"Lynn","email":"lcrosby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McIntosh, Jennifer","contributorId":100059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntosh","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70108400,"text":"70108400 - 2014 - Large biases in regression-based constituent flux estimates: causes and diagnostic tools","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T11:44:27","indexId":"70108400","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-22T14:58:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large biases in regression-based constituent flux estimates: causes and diagnostic tools","docAbstract":"<p>It has been documented in the literature that, in some cases, widely used regression-based models can produce severely biased estimates of long-term mean river fluxes of various constituents. These models, estimated using sample values of concentration, discharge, and date, are used to compute estimated fluxes for a multiyear period at a daily time step. This study compares results of the LOADEST seven-parameter model, LOADEST five-parameter model, and the Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS) model using subsampling of six very large datasets to better understand this bias problem. This analysis considers sample datasets for dissolved nitrate and total phosphorus. The results show that LOADEST-7 and LOADEST-5, although they often produce very nearly unbiased results, can produce highly biased results. This study identifies three conditions that can give rise to these severe biases: (1) lack of fit of the log of concentration vs. log discharge relationship, (2) substantial differences in the shape of this relationship across seasons, and (3) severely heteroscedastic residuals. The WRTDS model is more resistant to the bias problem than the LOADEST models but is not immune to them. Understanding the causes of the bias problem is crucial to selecting an appropriate method for flux computations. Diagnostic tools for identifying the potential for bias problems are introduced, and strategies for resolving bias problems are described.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","doi":"10.1111/jawr.12195","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., 2014, Large biases in regression-based constituent flux estimates: causes and diagnostic tools: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 50, no. 6, p. 1401-1424, https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12195.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1401","endPage":"1424","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054084","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472984,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12195","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":287538,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287531,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12195"}],"volume":"50","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"537f0e52e4b021317a86e2cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70103567,"text":"ds846 - 2014 - Low-altitude photographic transects of the Arctic Network of National Park Units and Selawik National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, July 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-28T14:33:25","indexId":"ds846","displayToPublicDate":"2014-05-21T12:44:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"846","title":"Low-altitude photographic transects of the Arctic Network of National Park Units and Selawik National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, July 2013","docAbstract":"<p>During July 16–18, 2013, low-level photography flights were conducted (with a Cessna 185 with floats and a Cessna 206 with tundra tires) over the five administrative units of the National Park Service Arctic Network (Bering Land Bridge National Preserve, Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, Kobuk Valley National Park, and Noatak National Preserve) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Selawik National Wildlife Refuge in northwest Alaska, to provide images of current conditions and prevalence of land-cover types as a baseline for measuring future change, and to complement the existing grid-based sample photography of the region. Total flight time was 17 hours, 46 minutes, and total flight distance was 2,590 kilometers, at a mean altitude of about 300 meters above ground level.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>A total of 19,167 photographs were taken from five digital camera systems:</p>\n<br/>\n<p>1. A Drift® HD-170 (focal length 5.00 mm);<br/>\n2. A GoPro® Hero3 Black Edition (focal length 2.77 mm);<br/>\n3. A Panasonic® Lumix DMC-FZ200 (24× superzoom with variable focal length);<br/>\n4. A Panasonic® Lumix DMC-SZ7 (10x superzoom with variable focal length); and<br/>\n5. A Canon® Rebel 3Ti with a Sigma zoom lens (18–200 mm focal length).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The Drift® HD-170 and GoPro® Hero3 cameras were secured to the struts and underwing for nadir (direct downward) imaging. The Panasonic® and Canon® cameras were each hand-held for oblique-angle landscape images, shooting through the airplanes’ windows, targeting both general landscape conditions as well as landscape features of special interest, such as tundra fire scars and landslips.</p>\n<br/>\n<p>The Drift® and GoPro® cameras each were set for time-lapse photography at 5-second intervals for overlapping coverage. Photographs from all cameras (100 percent .jpg format) were date- and time-synchronized to geographic positioning system waypoints taken during the flights, also at 5-second intervals, providing precise geotagging (latitude-longitude) of all files. All photographs were adjusted for color saturation and gamma, and nadir photographs were corrected for lens distortion for the Drift® and GoPro® cameras’ 170° wide-angle distortion. EXIF (exchangeable image file format) data on camera settings and geotagging were extracted into spreadsheet databases. An additional 1 hour, 20 minutes, and 43 seconds of high-resolution videos were recorded at 60 frames per second with the GoPro® camera along selected transect segments, and also were image-adjusted and corrected for lens distortion. Geotagged locations of 12,395 nadir photographs from the Drift® and GoPro® cameras were overlayed in a geographic information system (ArcMap 10.0) onto a map of 44 ecotypes (land- and water-cover types) of the Arctic Network study area. Presence and area of each ecotype occurring within a geographic information system window centered on the location of each photograph were recorded and included in the spreadsheet databases. All original and adjusted photographs, videos, geographic positioning system flight tracks, and photograph databases are available by contacting ascweb@usgs.gov.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds846","usgsCitation":"Marcot, B., Jorgenson, M., and DeGange, A.R., 2014, Low-altitude photographic transects of the Arctic Network of National Park Units and Selawik National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, July 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 846, vi, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds846.","productDescription":"vi, 44 p.","numberOfPages":"54","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-055102","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KFIRWQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Low-Altitude Photographic Transects of the Arctic Network of National Park Units and Selawik National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, July 2013"},{"id":287475,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds846.jpg"},{"id":287474,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/846/pdf/ds846.pdf"},{"id":287473,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/846/"}],"projection":"Albers equal-area conic projection","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Land Bridge National Preserve;Cape Krusenstern National Monument;Gates Of The Arctic National Park And Preserve;Kobuk Valley National Park;Noatak National Preserve","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -168.33,64.3 ], [ -168.33,68.9 ], [ -148.67,68.9 ], [ -148.67,64.3 ], [ -168.33,64.3 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"537dbcd0e4b05ed6215c078d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marcot, Bruce G.","contributorId":58015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcot","given":"Bruce G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jorgenson, M. Torre","contributorId":40486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M. Torre","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":493391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeGange, Anthony R. tdegange@usgs.gov","contributorId":139765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGange","given":"Anthony","email":"tdegange@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":493390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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