Hydrological regimes and processes show strong regional differences. While some regions are affected by extreme drought and desertification, others are under threat of increased fluvial and/or pluvial floods. Changes to hydrological systems as a consequence of natural variations and human activities are region-specific. Many of these changes have significant interactions with and implications for human life and ecosystems. Amongst others, population growth, improvements in living standards and other demographic and socio-economic trends, related changes in water and energy demands, change in land use, water abstractions and returns to the hydrological system (UNEP, 2008), introduce temporal and spatial changes to the system and cause contamination of surface and ground waters. Hydro-meteorological boundary conditions are also undergoing spatial and temporal changes. Climate change has been shown to increase temporal and spatial variations of rainfall, increase temperature and cause changes to evapotranspiration and other hydro-meteorological variables (IPCC, 2013). However, these changes are also region specific. In addition to these climate trends, (multi)-decadal oscillatory changes in climatic conditions and large variations in meteorological conditions will continue to occur.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.06.004","usgsCitation":"Willems, P., Batelaan, O., Hughes, D.A., and Swarzenski, P.W., 2014, Editorial for Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies: Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, v. 1, p. A1-A5, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.06.004.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"A1","endPage":"A5","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061817","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472903,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.06.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":299705,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.06.004"}],"volume":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55362338e4b0b22a15807a8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willems, Patrick","contributorId":140282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Willems","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13440,"text":"KU Leuven, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Hydraulics Section, Kasteelpark Arenberg 40, 3001 Leuven, Belgium","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batelaan, Okke","contributorId":140280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Batelaan","given":"Okke","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13438,"text":"Flinders University, School of the Environment, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hughes, Denis A.","contributorId":140281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes","given":"Denis","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13439,"text":"Rhodes University, Institute for Water Research, P.O. Box 94, 6140 Grahamstown, South Africa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swarzenski, Peter W. 0000-0003-0116-0578 pswarzen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":1070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"Peter","email":"pswarzen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70120504,"text":"70120504 - 2014 - Natural regeneration processes in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-15T11:04:13","indexId":"70120504","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T11:02:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural regeneration processes in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata)","docAbstract":"Big sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata Nuttall (Asteraceae), is the dominant plant species of large portions of semiarid western North America. However, much of historical big sagebrush vegetation has been removed or modified. Thus, regeneration is recognized as an important component for land management. Limited knowledge about key regeneration processes, however, represents an obstacle to identifying successful management practices and to gaining greater insight into the consequences of increasing disturbance frequency and global change. Therefore, our objective is to synthesize knowledge about natural big sagebrush regeneration. We identified and characterized the controls of big sagebrush seed production, germination, and establishment. The largest knowledge gaps and associated research needs include quiescence and dormancy of embryos and seedlings; variation in seed production and germination percentages; wet-thermal time model of germination; responses to frost events (including freezing/thawing of soils), CO2 concentration, and nutrients in combination with water availability; suitability of microsite vs. site conditions; competitive ability as well as seedling growth responses; and differences among subspecies and ecoregions. Potential impacts of climate change on big sagebrush regeneration could include that temperature increases may not have a large direct influence on regeneration due to the broad temperature optimum for regeneration, whereas indirect effects could include selection for populations with less stringent seed dormancy. Drier conditions will have direct negative effects on germination and seedling survival and could also lead to lighter seeds, which lowers germination success further. The short seed dispersal distance of big sagebrush may limit its tracking of suitable climate; whereas, the low competitive ability of big sagebrush seedlings may limit successful competition with species that track climate. An improved understanding of the ecology of big sagebrush regeneration should benefit resource management activities and increase the ability of land managers to anticipate global change impacts.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Range Management","doi":"10.2111/REM-D-13-00079.1","usgsCitation":"Schlaepfer, D., Lauenroth, W.K., and Bradford, J.B., 2014, Natural regeneration processes in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata): Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 67, no. 4, p. 344-357, https://doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-13-00079.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"344","endPage":"357","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-042932","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292279,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292243,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-13-00079.1"}],"volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ef1ed5e4b0bfa1f993efd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schlaepfer, Daniel R.","contributorId":105189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schlaepfer","given":"Daniel R.","affiliations":[{"id":7098,"text":"University of Wyoming, Department of Botany, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":498281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lauenroth, William K.","contributorId":80982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lauenroth","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7098,"text":"University of Wyoming, Department of Botany, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":498280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":498279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70115101,"text":"70115101 - 2014 - Marine and inland fishes of St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands: an annotated checklist","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-01T10:55:23","indexId":"70115101","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T10:42:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3814,"text":"Zootaxa","onlineIssn":"1175-5334","printIssn":"1175-5326","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marine and inland fishes of St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands: an annotated checklist","docAbstract":"An historical account is given for the ichthyological research at St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands, followed by an annotated list of 544 species of mostly marine shore fishes known or reported from the island to depths of 200 m. Color photographs are included for 103 of these species. Collections made at Buck Island Reef National Monument with the ichthyocide rotenone in 2001 and 2005 increased the known ichthyofauna by about 80 species. The rational for inclusion of each species in the checklist is given, with remarks for those species for which additional documentation or voucher specimens are needed. Reports of species known or presumed to have been based on misidentifications are discussed. Of the total marine fish fauna of the island, 404 species (75%) are restricted to the western Atlantic Ocean, (223 of these species are essentially Caribbean endemics that do not occur south of the Amazon River outflow), and no St. Croix endemic species are known. An additional 17 species (3.2%) also occur at mid-Atlantic islands, 57 species (10.6 %) are limited to both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, and 40 species (7.4%) have circumtropical distributions. The four most species-rich families are the Gobiidae (47 species), Serranidae (groupers and sea basses, 41), Labridae (wrasses and parrotfishes, 31), and Labrisomidae (scaly blennies, 27). Literature reports of Mosquitofish, Gambusia sp., from St. Croix apparently were based on misidentifications of a different introduced poeciliid genus. Four species of the amphidromus goby genus Sicydium occur in St. Croix inland waters, together with three established introduced species (one cichlid and two poeciliids). Also included are one catfish (Ictaluridae) and three sunfishes (Centrarchidae) known only from ponds. The Lionfish, Pterois volitans, the only introduced marine species, was first reported from St. Croix in 2008 and is now common despite control efforts.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Zootaxa","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Magnolia Press","publisherLocation":"Auckland, New Zealand","doi":"10.11646/zootaxa.3803.1.1","usgsCitation":"Smith-Vaniz, W., and Jelks, H.L., 2014, Marine and inland fishes of St. Croix, U. S. Virgin Islands: an annotated checklist: Zootaxa, v. 3803, no. 1, p. 1-120, https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3803.1.1.","productDescription":"120 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"120","numberOfPages":"120","ipdsId":"IP-050790","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472906,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3803.1.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F74F1NTB","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Annotated checklist of marine and inland fishes of St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands"},{"id":289302,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":289301,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3803.1.1"}],"country":"U.S. Virgin Islands","otherGeospatial":"Caribbean;St. Croix","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -68.0,9.25 ], [ -68.0,19.25 ], [ -60.0,19.25 ], [ -60.0,9.25 ], [ -68.0,9.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"3803","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3ca54e4b07c5f79a7f317","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith-Vaniz, William F.","contributorId":45635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith-Vaniz","given":"William F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jelks, Howard L. 0000-0002-0672-6297 hjelks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0672-6297","contributorId":2962,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jelks","given":"Howard","email":"hjelks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70118620,"text":"70118620 - 2014 - Experimental design and quality assurance: in situ fluorescence instrumentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-02T09:54:18","indexId":"70118620","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T09:37:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Experimental design and quality assurance: in situ fluorescence instrumentation","docAbstract":"Both instrument design and capabilities of fluorescence spectroscopy have greatly advanced over the last several decades. Advancements include solid-state excitation sources, integration of fiber optic technology, highly sensitive multichannel detectors, rapid-scan monochromators, sensitive spectral correction techniques, and improve data manipulation software (Christian et al., 1981, Lochmuller and Saavedra, 1986; Cabniss and Shuman, 1987; Lakowicz, 2006; Hudson et al., 2007). The cumulative effect of these improvements have pushed the limits and expanded the application of fluorescence techniques to numerous scientific research fields. One of the more powerful advancements is the ability to obtain in situ fluorescence measurements of natural waters (Moore, 1994).
\nThe development of submersible fluorescence instruments has been made possible by component miniaturization and power reduction including advances in light sources technologies (light-emitting diodes, xenon lamps, ultraviolet [UV] lasers) and the compatible integration of new optical instruments with various sampling platforms (Twardowski et at., 2005 and references therein). The development of robust field sensors skirt the need for cumbersome and or time-consuming filtration techniques, the potential artifacts associated with sample storage, and coarse sampling designs by increasing spatiotemporal resolution (Chen, 1999; Robinson and Glenn, 1999). The ability to obtain rapid, high-quality, highly sensitive measurements over steep gradients has revolutionized investigations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) optical properties, thereby enabling researchers to address novel biogeochemical questions regarding colored or chromophoric DOM (CDOM).
\nThis chapter is dedicated to the origin, design, calibration, and use of in situ field fluorometers. It will serve as a review of considerations to be accounted for during the operation of fluorescence field sensors and call attention to areas of concern when making this type of measurement. Attention is also given to ways in which in-water fluorescence measurements have revolutionized biogeochemical studies of CDOM and how those measurements can be used in conjunction with remotely sense satellite data to understand better the biogeochemistry of DOM in aquatic environments.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Aquatic organic matter fluorescence","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","isbn":"9780521764612","usgsCitation":"Conmy, R.N., Del Castillo, C.E., Downing, B.D., and Chen, R.F., 2014, Experimental design and quality assurance: in situ fluorescence instrumentation, chap. of Aquatic organic matter fluorescence, p. 190-233.","productDescription":"44 p.","startPage":"190","endPage":"233","numberOfPages":"44","ipdsId":"IP-029501","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"542e6954e4b092f17df5a837","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conmy, Robyn N.","contributorId":98657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conmy","given":"Robyn","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Del Castillo, Carlos E.","contributorId":76238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Del Castillo","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Downing, Bryan D. 0000-0002-2007-5304 bdowning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-5304","contributorId":1449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"Bryan","email":"bdowning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":497147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, Robert F.","contributorId":70707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":497148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70102328,"text":"70102328 - 2014 - Characteristics of sandhill crane roosts in the Sacramento-San Joaquin delta of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-02T09:23:16","indexId":"70102328","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T09:11:43","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Characteristics of sandhill crane roosts in the Sacramento-San Joaquin delta of California","docAbstract":"The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Delta) region of California is an important wintering region for 2 subspecies of\nPacific Flyway sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis): the Central Valley Population of the greater sandhill crane (G. c. tabida) and\nthe Pacific Flyway Population of the lesser sandhill crane (G. c. canadensis). During the winters of 2007-08 and 2008-09 we\nconducted roost counts, roadside surveys, aerial surveys, and tracked radio-marked birds to locate and assess important habitats\nfor roosting cranes in the Delta. Of the 69 crane night roosts we identified, 35 were flooded cropland sites and 34 were wetland\nsites. We found that both larger individual roost sites and larger complexes of roost sites supported larger peak numbers of\ncranes. Water depth used by roosting cranes averaged 10 cm (range 3-21 cm, mode 7 cm) and was similar between subspecies.\nWe found that cranes avoided sites that were regularly hunted or had high densities of hunting blinds. We suggest that managers\ncould decide on the size of roost sites to provide for a given crane population objective using a ratio of 1.5 cranes/ha. The fact\nthat cranes readily use undisturbed flooded cropland sites makes this a viable option for creation of roost habitat. Because\nhunting disturbance can limit crane use of roost sites we suggest these 2 uses should not be considered readily compatible.\nHowever, if the management objective of an area includes waterfowl hunting, limiting hunting to low blind densities and\nrestricting hunting to early morning may be viable options for creating a crane-compatible waterfowl hunt program.
","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop","conferenceTitle":"13th North American Crane Workshop","conferenceDate":"2014-04-14T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Lafayette, LA","language":"English","publisher":"North American Crane Working Group","publisherLocation":"Grand Island, NE","usgsCitation":"Ivey, G.L., Dugger, B., Herziger, C.P., Casazza, M.L., and Fleskes, J.P., 2014, Characteristics of sandhill crane roosts in the Sacramento-San Joaquin delta of California, p. 12-19.","productDescription":"p. 12-19","numberOfPages":"8","ipdsId":"IP-053268","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -121.840793,38.014798 ], [ -121.840793,38.108875 ], [ -121.501076,38.108875 ], [ -121.501076,38.014798 ], [ -121.840793,38.014798 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b0cae4b0388651d91672","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ivey, Gary L.","contributorId":79802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivey","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dugger, Bruce D.","contributorId":81236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugger","given":"Bruce D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herziger, Caroline P.","contributorId":23441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herziger","given":"Caroline","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fleskes, Joseph P. 0000-0001-5388-6675 joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-6675","contributorId":1889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"Joseph","email":"joe_fleskes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70074728,"text":"ofr20141009 - 2014 - Statistical analysis of the water-quality monitoring program, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, and optimization of the program for 2013 and beyond","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-01T15:06:20","indexId":"ofr20141009","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T08:35:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1009","title":"Statistical analysis of the water-quality monitoring program, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, and optimization of the program for 2013 and beyond","docAbstract":"Upper Klamath Lake in south-central Oregon has become increasingly eutrophic over the past century and now experiences seasonal cyanobacteria-dominated and potentially toxic phytoplankton blooms. Growth and decline of these blooms create poor water-quality conditions that can be detrimental to fish, including two resident endangered sucker species. Upper Klamath Lake is the primary water supply to agricultural areas within the upper Klamath Basin. Water from the lake is also used to generate power and to enhance and sustain downstream flows in the Klamath River.
\nWater quality in Upper Klamath Lake has been monitored by the Klamath Tribes since the early 1990s and by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) since 2002. Management agencies and other stakeholders have determined that a re-evaluation of the goals for water-quality monitoring is warranted to assess whether current data-collection activities will continue to adequately provide data for researchers to address questions of interest and to facilitate future natural resource management decisions. The purpose of this study was to (1) compile an updated list of the goals and objectives for long-term water-quality monitoring in Upper Klamath Lake with input from upper Klamath Basin stakeholders, (2) assess the current water-quality monitoring programs in Upper Klamath Lake to determine whether existing data-collection strategies can fulfill the updated goals and objectives for monitoring, and (3) identify potential modifications to future monitoring plans in accordance with the updated monitoring objectives and improve stakeholder cooperation and data-collection efficiency.
\nData collected by the Klamath Tribes and the USGS were evaluated to determine whether consistent long-term trends in water-quality variables can be described by the dataset and whether the number and distribution of currently monitored sites captures the full range of environmental conditions and the multi-scale variability of water-quality parameters in the lake. Also, current monitoring strategies were scrutinized for unnecessary redundancy within the overall network.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141009","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Eldridge, S.L., Wherry, S., and Wood, T.M., 2014, Statistical analysis of the water-quality monitoring program, Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, and optimization of the program for 2013 and beyond: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1009, Report: vi, 82 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141009.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 82 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"92","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-049748","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289286,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141009.jpg"},{"id":289271,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1009/"},{"id":289284,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1009/pdf/ofr2014-1009.pdf"},{"id":289285,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1009/downloads/ofr2014-1009_appendix.xlsx"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 10N","datum":"North American Datum of 1927","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Basin;Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.2,42.08 ], [ -122.2,42.625 ], [ -121.6,42.625 ], [ -121.6,42.08 ], [ -122.2,42.08 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3ca55e4b07c5f79a7f31f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eldridge, Sara L. Caldwell 0000-0001-8838-8940","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8838-8940","contributorId":26199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eldridge","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"L. Caldwell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wherry, Susan A.","contributorId":79403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wherry","given":"Susan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wood, Tamara M. 0000-0001-6057-8080 tmwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-8080","contributorId":1164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Tamara","email":"tmwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":489757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70110828,"text":"sim3298 - 2014 - Geologic map and upper Paleozoic stratigraphy of the Marble Canyon area, Cottonwood Canyon quadrangle, Death Valley National Park, Inyo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-26T15:27:54.103679","indexId":"sim3298","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T08:25:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3298","title":"Geologic map and upper Paleozoic stratigraphy of the Marble Canyon area, Cottonwood Canyon quadrangle, Death Valley National Park, Inyo County, California","docAbstract":"This geologic map and pamphlet focus on the stratigraphy, depositional history, and paleogeographic significance of upper Paleozoic rocks exposed in the Marble Canyon area in Death Valley National Park, California. Bedrock exposed in this area is composed of Mississippian to lower Permian (Cisuralian) marine sedimentary rocks and the Jurassic Hunter Mountain Quartz Monzonite. These units are overlain by Tertiary and Quaternary nonmarine sedimentary deposits that include a previously unrecognized tuff to which we tentatively assign an age of late middle Miocene (~12 Ma) based on tephrochronologic analysis, in addition to the previously recognized Pliocene tuff of Mesquite Spring.
\nMississippian and Pennsylvanian rocks in the Marble Canyon area represent deposition on the western continental shelf of North America. Mississippian limestone units in the area (Tin Mountain, Stone Canyon, and Santa Rosa Hills Limestones) accumulated on the outer part of a broad carbonate platform that extended southwest across Nevada into east-central California. Carbonate sedimentation was interrupted by a major eustatic sea-level fall that has been interpreted to record the onset of late Paleozoic glaciation in southern Gondwana. Following a brief period of Late Mississippian clastic sedimentation (Indian Springs Formation), a rise in eustatic sea level led to establishment of a new carbonate platform that covered most of the area previously occupied by the Mississippian platform. The Pennsylvanian Bird Spring Formation at Marble Canyon makes up the outer platform component of ten third-order (1 to 5 m.y. duration) stratigraphic sequences recently defined for the regional platform succession.
\nThe regional paleogeography was fundamentally changed by major tectonic activity along the continental margin beginning in middle early Permian time. As a result, the Pennsylvanian carbonate shelf at Marble Canyon subsided and was disconformably overlain by lower Permian units (Osborne Canyon and Darwin Canyon Formations) representing part of a deep-water turbidite basin filled primarily by fine-grained siliciclastic sediment derived from cratonal sources to the east. Deformation and sedimentation along the western part of this basin continued into late Permian time. The culminating phase was part of a regionally extensive late Permian thrust system that included the Marble Canyon thrust fault just west of the present map area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3298","usgsCitation":"Stone, P., Stevens, C., Belasky, P., Montanez, I.P., Martin, L.G., Wardlaw, B.R., Sandberg, C.A., Wan, E., Olson, H.A., and Priest, S.S., 2014, Geologic map and upper Paleozoic stratigraphy of the Marble Canyon area, Cottonwood Canyon quadrangle, Death Valley National Park, Inyo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3298, Pamphlet: iv, 59 p.; 1 Plate: 36.0 x 48.0 inches; Database; Shape Files; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3298.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: iv, 59 p.; 1 Plate: 36.0 x 48.0 inches; Database; Shape Files; Metadata","numberOfPages":"63","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050939","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science 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Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3298/downloads/sim3298_shape.zip"},{"id":289276,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3298/pdf/sim3298_map.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":289270,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3298/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"1927 North American Datum","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Inyo County","otherGeospatial":"Death Valley National Park, Marble Canyon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.375,36.558333 ], [ -117.375,36.625 ], [ -117.308333,36.625 ], [ -117.308333,36.558333 ], [ -117.375,36.558333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b3ca54e4b07c5f79a7f315","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stone, Paul 0000-0002-1439-0156 pastone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-0156","contributorId":273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Paul","email":"pastone@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stevens, Calvin H.","contributorId":59848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Calvin H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belasky, Paul","contributorId":57930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belasky","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Montanez, Isabel P.","contributorId":69478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montanez","given":"Isabel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martin, Lauren G.","contributorId":106803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wardlaw, Bruce R. bwardlaw@usgs.gov","contributorId":266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wardlaw","given":"Bruce","email":"bwardlaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sandberg, Charles A. sandberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":2362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"Charles","email":"sandberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":494165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wan, Elmira 0000-0002-9255-112X ewan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9255-112X","contributorId":3434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wan","given":"Elmira","email":"ewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Olson, Holly A. holson@usgs.gov","contributorId":5305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Holly","email":"holson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":494167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Priest, Susan S. spriest@usgs.gov","contributorId":30204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Priest","given":"Susan","email":"spriest@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":494168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70101061,"text":"70101061 - 2014 - Effects of environmental amenities and locational disamenities on home values in the Santa Cruz watershed: a hedonic analysis using census data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-03T11:36:46","indexId":"70101061","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T07:43:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Effects of environmental amenities and locational disamenities on home values in the Santa Cruz watershed: a hedonic analysis using census data","docAbstract":"For this study, we used the hedonic pricing method to measure the effects of natural amenities on home prices in the U.S-side of the Santa Cruz Watershed. We employed multivariate spatial regression techniques to estimate how difference factors affect median home values in 613 census block groups of the 2000 Census, accounting for spatial autocorrelation, spatial lags, and/or spatial heterogeneity in the data. Diagnostic tests suggest that failure to account for the hedonic model can be classified as (1) physical features of the housing stock, (2) neighborhood characteristics, and (3) environmental attributes. Census data was combined with GIS data for vegetation and land cover, land administration, measures of species richness and open space, and proximity to amenities and disamenities. Census block groups close to the US-Mexico border of airports/air bases were negative. Results suggest that policies to maintain biodiversity and open space provide economic benefits to homeowners, reflected in higher home values. Future research will quantify the marginal effects of regression explanatory variables on home values to assess their economic and policy significant. These marginal effects will be used as input indicators to discern potential economic impacts of various scenarios in the Santa Cruz Watershed Ecosystem Portfolio Model (SCWEPM). Future research will also expand this effort into the Mexican-portion of the watershed.
","largerWorkTitle":"Santa Cruz River Researchers� Day 2012","conferenceTitle":"Santa Cruz River Researchers' Day 2012 - 4th Annual","conferenceDate":"2012-03-29T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Tucson, AZ","language":"English","publisher":"The Sonoran Institute","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","usgsCitation":"Arora, G., Frisvold, G., and Norman, L., 2014, Effects of environmental amenities and locational disamenities on home values in the Santa Cruz watershed: a hedonic analysis using census data, 18 p.","productDescription":"18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","ipdsId":"IP-039103","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289426,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Santa Cruz County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.36689,31.332177 ], [ -111.36689,31.731819 ], [ -110.45172,31.731819 ], [ -110.45172,31.332177 ], [ -111.36689,31.332177 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b67b6ee4b014fc094d5462","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arora, Gaurav","contributorId":81020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arora","given":"Gaurav","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frisvold, George","contributorId":9569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frisvold","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Norman, Laura","contributorId":90382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norman","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70140690,"text":"70140690 - 2014 - Prolactin and teleost ionocytes: new insights into cellular and molecular targets of prolactin in vertebrate epithelia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-10T11:46:50","indexId":"70140690","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1738,"text":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prolactin and teleost ionocytes: new insights into cellular and molecular targets of prolactin in vertebrate epithelia","docAbstract":"The peptide hormone prolactin is a functionally versatile hormone produced by the vertebrate pituitary. Comparative studies over the last six decades have revealed that a conserved function for prolactin across vertebrates is the regulation of ion and water transport in a variety of tissues including those responsible for whole-organism ion homeostasis. In teleost fishes, prolactin was identified as the “freshwater-adapting hormone”, promoting ion-conserving and water-secreting processes by acting on the gill, kidney, gut and urinary bladder. In mammals, prolactin is known to regulate renal, intestinal, mammary and amniotic epithelia, with dysfunction linked to hypogonadism, infertility, and metabolic disorders. Until recently, our understanding of the cellular mechanisms of prolactin action in fishes has been hampered by a paucity of molecular tools to define and study ionocytes, specialized cells that control active ion transport across branchial and epidermal epithelia. Here we review work in teleost models indicating that prolactin regulates ion balance through action on ion transporters, tight-junction proteins, and water channels in ionocytes, and discuss recent advances in our understanding of ionocyte function in the genetically and embryonically accessible zebrafish (Danio rerio). Given the high degree of evolutionary conservation in endocrine and osmoregulatory systems, these studies in teleost models are contributing novel mechanistic insight into how prolactin participates in the development, function, and dysfunction of osmoregulatory systems across the vertebrate lineage.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.12.014","usgsCitation":"Breves, J.P., McCormick, S., and Karlstrom, R.O., 2014, Prolactin and teleost ionocytes: new insights into cellular and molecular targets of prolactin in vertebrate epithelia: General and Comparative Endocrinology, v. 203, p. 21-28, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.12.014.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053276","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472911,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4096611","text":"External Repository"},{"id":297891,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"203","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c2ee4b08de9379b3694","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breves, Jason P.","contributorId":6349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breves","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":2197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen D.","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":540323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karlstrom, Rolf O.","contributorId":42502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karlstrom","given":"Rolf","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70133240,"text":"70133240 - 2014 - Assessment of mitochondrial DNA damage in little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) collected near a mercury-contaminated river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:44:16","indexId":"70133240","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Assessment of mitochondrial DNA damage in little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) collected near a mercury-contaminated river","title":"Assessment of mitochondrial DNA damage in little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) collected near a mercury-contaminated river","docAbstract":"Historical discharges of Hg into the South River near the town of Waynesboro, VA, USA, have resulted in persistently elevated Hg concentrations in sediment, surface water, ground water, soil, and wildlife downstream of the discharge site. In the present study, we examined mercury (Hg) levels in in little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) from this location and assessed the utility of a non-destructively collected tissue sample (wing punch) for determining mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage in Hg exposed bats. Bats captured 1 and 3 km from the South River, exhibited significantly higher levels of total Hg (THg) in blood and fur than those from the reference location. We compared levels of mtDNA damage using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis of two distinct regions of mtDNA. Genotoxicity is among the many known toxic effects of Hg, resulting from direct interactions with DNA or from oxidative damage. Because it lacks many of the protective protein structures and repair mechanisms associated with nuclear DNA, mtDNA is more sensitive to the effects of genotoxic chemicals and therefore may be a useful biomarker in chronically exposed organisms. Significantly higher levels of damage were observed in both regions of mtDNA in bats captured 3 km from the river than in controls. However, levels of mtDNA damage exhibited weak correlations with fur and blood THg levels, suggesting that other factors may play a role in the site-specific differences.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-014-1284-9","usgsCitation":"Karouna-Renier, N., White, C., Perkins, C.R., Schmerfeld, J.J., and Yates, D., 2014, Assessment of mitochondrial DNA damage in little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) collected near a mercury-contaminated river: Ecotoxicology, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1419-1429, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-014-1284-9.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1419","endPage":"1429","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056838","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":503828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zotero.org/groups/5435545/items/56AG9X49","text":"External Repository"},{"id":296059,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Waynesboro","otherGeospatial":"South River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.97727966308594,\n 38.01509916686995\n ],\n [\n -78.97727966308594,\n 38.29640356474841\n ],\n [\n -78.78227233886719,\n 38.29640356474841\n ],\n [\n -78.78227233886719,\n 38.01509916686995\n ],\n [\n -78.97727966308594,\n 38.01509916686995\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5465d62de4b04d4b7dbd6551","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karouna-Renier, Natalie K. nkarouna@usgs.gov","contributorId":3988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karouna-Renier","given":"Natalie K.","email":"nkarouna@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":524951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Carl","contributorId":127380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Carl","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":524952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Perkins, Christopher R.","contributorId":127381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perkins","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6926,"text":"Center for Environmental Sciences & Engineering, University of Connecticut","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":524953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmerfeld, John J.","contributorId":127382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmerfeld","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6927,"text":"USFWS, National Wildlife Refuge System","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":524954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yates, David","contributorId":127383,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yates","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":524955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70140759,"text":"70140759 - 2014 - A test of the compensatory mortality hypothesis in mountain lions: a management experiment in West-Central Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-02-11T14:57:09","indexId":"70140759","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A test of the compensatory mortality hypothesis in mountain lions: a management experiment in West-Central Montana","docAbstract":"Mountain lions (Puma concolor) are widely hunted for recreation, population control, and to reduce conflict with humans, but much is still unknown regarding the effects of harvest on mountain lion population dynamics. Whether human hunting mortality on mountain lions is additive or compensatory is debated. Our primary objective was to investigate population effects of harvest on mountain lions. We addressed this objective with a management experiment of 3 years of intensive harvest followed by a 6-year recovery period. In December 2000, after 3 years of hunting, approximately 66% of a single game management unit within the Blackfoot River watershed in Montana was closed to lion hunting, effectively creating a refuge representing approximately 12% (915 km2) of the total study area (7,908 km2). Hunting continued in the remainder of the study area, but harvest levels declined from approximately 9/1,000 km2 in 2001 to 2/1,000 km2 in 2006 as a result of the protected area and reduced quotas outside. We radiocollared 117 mountain lions from 1998 to 2006. We recorded known fates for 63 animals, and right-censored the remainder. Although hunting directly reduced survival, parameters such as litter size, birth interval, maternity, age at dispersal, and age of first reproduction were not significantly affected. Sensitivity analysis showed that female survival and maternity were most influential on population growth. Life-stage simulation analysis (LSA) demonstrated the effect of hunting on the population dynamics of mountain lions. In our non-hunted population, reproduction (kitten survival and maternity) accounted for approximately 62% of the variation in growth rate, whereas adult female survival accounted for 30%. Hunting reversed this, increasing the reliance of population growth on adult female survival (45% of the variation in population growth), and away from reproduction (12%). Our research showed that harvest at the levels implemented in this study did not affect population productivity (i.e., maternity), but had an additive effect on mountain lion mortality, and therefore population growth. Through harvest, wildlife managers have the ability to control mountain lion populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.726","usgsCitation":"Robinson, H.S., Desimone, R., Hartway, C., Gude, J., Thompson, M.J., Mitchell, M.S., and Hebblewhite, M., 2014, A test of the compensatory mortality hypothesis in mountain lions: a management experiment in West-Central Montana: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 78, no. 5, p. 791-807, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.726.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"791","endPage":"807","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054633","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297926,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Blackfoot River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.48739624023436,\n 46.63152171082673\n ],\n [\n -113.48739624023436,\n 47.03175858136222\n ],\n [\n -112.9669189453125,\n 47.03175858136222\n ],\n [\n -112.9669189453125,\n 46.63152171082673\n ],\n [\n -113.48739624023436,\n 46.63152171082673\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2b23e4b08de9379b326d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Hugh S.","contributorId":139243,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Desimone, Richard","contributorId":33964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Desimone","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartway, Cynthia","contributorId":139244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartway","given":"Cynthia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gude, Justin A.","contributorId":95780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gude","given":"Justin A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, Michael J.","contributorId":30899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6582,"text":"Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Missoula, Montana 59801, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":540484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mitchell, Michael S. 0000-0002-0773-6905 mmitchel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-6905","contributorId":3716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"mmitchel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hebblewhite, Mark","contributorId":69455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hebblewhite","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70159965,"text":"70159965 - 2014 - Oxygen isotope systematics in the aragonite-CO2-H2O-NaCl system up to 0.7 mol/kg ionic strength at 25 °C","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-04T16:53:09","indexId":"70159965","displayToPublicDate":"2014-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxygen isotope systematics in the aragonite-CO2-H2O-NaCl system up to 0.7 mol/kg ionic strength at 25 °C","docAbstract":"To investigate the oxygen isotope systematics in the aragonite-CO2-H2O-NaCl system, witherite (BaCO3) was precipitated quasi-instantaneously and quantitatively from Na-Cl-Ba-CO2 solutions of seawater-like ionic strength (I = 0.7 mol/kg) at two pH values (~7.9 and ~10.6) at 25 °C. The oxygen isotope composition of the witherite and the dissolved inorganic carbon speciation in the starting solution were used to estimate the oxygen isotope fractionations between HCO3¯ and H2O as well as between CO3 2 and H2O. Given the analytical error on the oxygen isotope composition of the witherite and uncertainties of the parent solution pH and speciation, oxygen isotope fractionation between NaHCO3° and HCO3¯, as well as between NaCO3¯ and CO3 2, is negligible under the experimental conditions investigated. The influence of dissolved NaCl concentration on the oxygen isotope fractionation in the aragonite-CO2-H2O-NaCl system also was investigated at 25 °C. Aragonite was precipitated from Na-Cl-Ca-Mg-(B)-CO2 solutions of seawater-like ionic strength using passive CO2 degassing or constant addition methods. Based upon our new experimental observations and published experimental data from lower ionic strength solutions by Kim et al. (2007b), the equilibrium aragonite-water oxygen isotope fractionation factor is independent of the ionic strength of the parent solution up to 0.7 mol/kg. Hence, our study also suggests that the aragonite precipitation mechanism is not affected by the presence of sodium and chloride ions in the parent solution over the range of concentrations investigated.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.050","usgsCitation":"Kim, S., Gebbinck, C.K., Mucci, A., and Coplen, T.B., 2014, Oxygen isotope systematics in the aragonite-CO2-H2O-NaCl system up to 0.7 mol/kg ionic strength at 25 °C: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 137, p. 147-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.050.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"158","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053174","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311961,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311918,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.02.050"}],"volume":"137","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5662c755e4b06a3ea36c67c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kim, Sang-Tae","contributorId":146204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kim","given":"Sang-Tae","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16624,"text":"School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, ON, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gebbinck, Christa Klein","contributorId":150280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gebbinck","given":"Christa","email":"","middleInitial":"Klein","affiliations":[{"id":17956,"text":"School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mucci, Alfonso","contributorId":150281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mucci","given":"Alfonso","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17957,"text":"GEOTOP and Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70102113,"text":"sir20145053 - 2014 - Trends in annual, seasonal, and monthly streamflow characteristics at 227 streamgages in the Missouri River watershed, water years 1960-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:12:34","indexId":"sir20145053","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-30T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5053","title":"Trends in annual, seasonal, and monthly streamflow characteristics at 227 streamgages in the Missouri River watershed, water years 1960-2011","docAbstract":"The Missouri River and its tributaries are an important resource that serve multiple uses including agriculture, energy, recreation, and municipal water supply. Understanding historical streamflow characteristics provides relevant guidance to adaptive management of these water resources. Streamflow records in the Missouri River watershed were examined for trends in time series of annual, seasonal, and monthly streamflow. A total of 227 streamgages having continuous observational records for water years 1960–2011 were examined. Kendall’s tau nonparametric test was used to determine statistical significance of trends in annual, seasonal, and monthly streamflow. A trend was considered statistically significant for a probability value less than or equal to 0.10 that the Kendall’s tau value equals zero. Significant trends in annual streamflow were indicated for 101 out of a total of 227 streamgages. The Missouri River watershed was divided into six watershed regions and trends within regions were examined. The western and the southern parts of the Missouri River watershed had downward trends in annual streamflow (56 streamgages), whereas the eastern part of the watershed had upward trends in streamflow (45 streamgages). Seasonal and monthly streamflow trends reflected prevailing annual streamflow trends within each watershed region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145053","usgsCitation":"Norton, P.A., Anderson, M.T., and Stamm, J., 2014, Trends in annual, seasonal, and monthly streamflow characteristics at 227 streamgages in the Missouri River watershed, water years 1960-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5053, Report: v, 128 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145053.","productDescription":"Report: v, 128 p.; Downloads Directory","numberOfPages":"138","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1959-10-01","temporalEnd":"2011-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-044683","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289269,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145053.jpg"},{"id":289268,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5053/"},{"id":289275,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5053/downloads/"},{"id":289267,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5053/pdf/sir2014-5053.pdf"}],"projection":"Albers Equal-Area Conic projection","country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.0,35.0 ], [ -120.0,50.0 ], [ -85.0,50.0 ], [ -85.0,35.0 ], [ -120.0,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b278d2e4b07b8813a55461","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norton, Parker A. 0000-0002-4638-2601 pnorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-2601","contributorId":2257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norton","given":"Parker","email":"pnorton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Mark T. 0000-0002-1477-6788 manders@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1477-6788","contributorId":1764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Mark","email":"manders@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stamm, John F. 0000-0002-3404-2933 jstamm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3404-2933","contributorId":2859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamm","given":"John F.","email":"jstamm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":492841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70101651,"text":"sir20145004 - 2014 - Regional regression equations for the estimation of selected monthly low-flow duration and frequency statistics at ungaged sites on streams in New Jersey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-30T09:51:26","indexId":"sir20145004","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-30T09:39:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5004","title":"Regional regression equations for the estimation of selected monthly low-flow duration and frequency statistics at ungaged sites on streams in New Jersey","docAbstract":"Regional regression equations were developed for estimating monthly flow-duration and monthly low-flow frequency statistics for ungaged streams in Coastal Plain and non-coastal regions of New Jersey for baseline and current land- and water-use conditions. The equations were developed to estimate 87 different streamflow statistics, which include the monthly 99-, 90-, 85-, 75-, 50-, and 25-percentile flow-durations of the minimum 1-day daily flow; the August–September 99-, 90-, and 75-percentile minimum 1-day daily flow; and the monthly 7-day, 10-year (M7D10Y) low-flow frequency. These 87 streamflow statistics were computed for 41 continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations (streamgages) with 20 or more years of record and 167 low-flow partial-record stations in New Jersey with 10 or more streamflow measurements.
\nThe regression analyses used to develop equations to estimate selected streamflow statistics were performed by testing the relation between flow-duration statistics and low-flow frequency statistics for 32 basin characteristics (physical characteristics, land use, surficial geology, and climate) at the 41 streamgages and 167 low-flow partial-record stations. The regression analyses determined drainage area, soil permeability, average April precipitation, average June precipitation, and percent storage (water bodies and wetlands) were the significant explanatory variables for estimating the selected flow-duration and low-flow frequency statistics.
\nStreamflow estimates were computed for two land- and water-use conditions in New Jersey—land- and water-use during the baseline period of record (defined as the years a streamgage had little to no change in development and water use) and current land- and water-use conditions (1989–2008)—for each selected station using data collected through water year 2008. The baseline period of record is representative of a period when the basin was unaffected by change in development. The current period is representative of the increased development of the last 20 years (1989–2008). The two different land- and water-use conditions were used as surrogates for development to determine whether there have been changes in low-flow statistics as a result of changes in development over time. The State was divided into two low-flow regression regions, the Coastal Plain and the non-coastal region, in order to improve the accuracy of the regression equations. The left-censored parametric survival regression method was used for the analyses to account for streamgages and partial-record stations that had zero flow values for some of the statistics. The average standard error of estimate for the 348 regression equations ranged from 16 to 340 percent. These regression equations and basin characteristics are presented in the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) StreamStats Web-based geographic information system application. This tool allows users to click on an ungaged site on a stream in New Jersey and get the estimated flow-duration and low-flow frequency statistics. Additionally, the user can click on a streamgage or partial-record station and get the “at-site” streamflow statistics.
\nThe low-flow characteristics of a stream ultimately affect the use of the stream by humans. Specific information on the low-flow characteristics of streams is essential to water managers who deal with problems related to municipal and industrial water supply, fish and wildlife conservation, and dilution of wastewater.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145004","issn":"2328-0328","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Watson, K.M., and McHugh, A.R., 2014, Regional regression equations for the estimation of selected monthly low-flow duration and frequency statistics at ungaged sites on streams in New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5004, Report: ix, 58 p.; 6 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145004.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 58 p.; 6 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"73","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-043031","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289177,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145004.jpg"},{"id":289171,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5004/support/appendix_1_obs_est_noncoastbaseline.xlsx"},{"id":289172,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5004/support/appendix_2_obs_est_coastbaseline.xlsx"},{"id":289173,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5004/support/appendix_3_obs_est_noncoastcurrent.xlsx"},{"id":289170,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5004/support/sir2014-5004.pdf"},{"id":289174,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5004/support/appendix_4_obs_est_coastcurrent.xlsx"},{"id":289175,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5004/support/appendix_5_base_vs_current_noncoastal.xlsx"},{"id":289176,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5004/support/appendix_6_base_vs_current_coastal.xlsx"},{"id":286245,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5004/"}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -75.5,39.0 ], [ -75.5,41.25 ], [ -74.0,41.25 ], [ -74.0,39.0 ], [ -75.5,39.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b278d0e4b07b8813a55457","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watson, Kara M. 0000-0002-2685-0260 kmwatson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2685-0260","contributorId":2134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"Kara","email":"kmwatson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":492722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McHugh, Amy R.","contributorId":33222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":492723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70148030,"text":"70148030 - 2014 - Rapid reservoir erosion, hyperconcentrated flow, and downstream deposition triggered by breaching of 38 m tall Condit Dam, White Salmon River, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-24T16:25:33","indexId":"70148030","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid reservoir erosion, hyperconcentrated flow, and downstream deposition triggered by breaching of 38 m tall Condit Dam, White Salmon River, Washington","docAbstract":"Condit Dam on the White Salmon River, Washington, a 38 m high dam impounding a large volume (1.8 million m3) of fine-grained sediment (60% sand, 35% silt and clay, and 5% gravel), was rapidly breached in October 2011. This unique dam decommissioning produced dramatic upstream and downstream geomorphic responses in the hours and weeks following breaching. Blasting a 5 m wide hole into the base of the dam resulted in rapid reservoir drawdown, abruptly releasing ~1.6 million m3 of reservoir water, exposing reservoir sediment to erosion, and triggering mass failures of the thickly accumulated reservoir sediment. Within 90 min of breaching, the reservoir's water and ~10% of its sediment had evacuated. At a gauging station 2.3 km downstream, flow increased briefly by 400 m3 s−1during passage of the initial pulse of released reservoir water, followed by a highly concentrated flow phase—up to 32% sediment by volume—as landslide-generated slurries from the reservoir moved downstream. This hyperconcentrated flow, analogous to those following volcanic eruptions or large landslides, draped the downstream river with predominantly fine sand. During the ensuing weeks, suspended-sediment concentration declined and sand and gravel bed load derived from continued reservoir erosion aggraded the channel by >1 m at the gauging station, after which the river incised back to near its initial elevation at this site. Within 15 weeks after breaching, over 1 million m3 of suspended load is estimated to have passed the gauging station, consistent with estimates that >60% of the reservoir's sediment had eroded. This dam removal highlights the influence of interactions among reservoir erosion processes, sediment composition, and style of decommissioning on rate of reservoir erosion and consequent downstream behavior of released sediment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.","doi":"10.1002/2013JF003073","usgsCitation":"Wilcox, A., O'Connor, J., and Major, J.J., 2014, Rapid reservoir erosion, hyperconcentrated flow, and downstream deposition triggered by breaching of 38 m tall Condit Dam, White Salmon River, Washington: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 119, no. 6, p. 1376-1394, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JF003073.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1376","endPage":"1394","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053431","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472920,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jf003073","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Condit Dam, White Salmon River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.52260780334473,\n 45.72865183125292\n ],\n [\n -121.52063369750977,\n 45.728022722952005\n ],\n [\n -121.52020454406738,\n 45.73266597450886\n ],\n [\n -121.52398109436035,\n 45.7434787607362\n ],\n [\n -121.52024745941162,\n 45.748450142487684\n ],\n [\n -121.52561187744139,\n 45.75153457244126\n ],\n [\n -121.5283155441284,\n 45.75482843562817\n ],\n [\n -121.53063297271729,\n 45.755517127902586\n ],\n [\n -121.53204917907715,\n 45.758810756036375\n ],\n [\n -121.5351390838623,\n 45.760697019140615\n ],\n [\n -121.53625488281249,\n 45.7603976165563\n ],\n [\n -121.53646945953369,\n 45.76102636012771\n ],\n [\n -121.53586864471436,\n 45.76246346168499\n ],\n [\n -121.53788566589355,\n 45.76623567715302\n ],\n [\n -121.53634071350099,\n 45.771624113926\n ],\n [\n -121.53573989868164,\n 45.772462268416774\n ],\n [\n -121.53153419494627,\n 45.77207312682679\n ],\n [\n -121.5287446975708,\n 45.77350994381717\n ],\n [\n -121.52861595153809,\n 45.77641339849942\n ],\n [\n -121.51891708374023,\n 45.777161687060875\n ],\n [\n -121.51458263397215,\n 45.77970579306053\n ],\n [\n -121.51621341705322,\n 45.78075333238026\n ],\n [\n -121.52071952819824,\n 45.77865823405973\n ],\n [\n -121.52719974517822,\n 45.778927608253966\n ],\n [\n -121.53028964996336,\n 45.777341274821474\n ],\n [\n -121.53136253356934,\n 45.77413853961047\n ],\n [\n -121.53269290924072,\n 45.77371947653551\n ],\n [\n -121.53728485107422,\n 45.77359974365\n ],\n [\n -121.53977394104004,\n 45.7661159282012\n ],\n [\n -121.53728485107422,\n 45.7624035831925\n ],\n [\n -121.53788566589355,\n 45.76072695931068\n ],\n [\n -121.53719902038574,\n 45.759259872083206\n ],\n [\n -121.53539657592773,\n 45.759619162317925\n ],\n [\n -121.53329372406006,\n 45.758271812008445\n ],\n [\n -121.53196334838867,\n 45.75521769752324\n ],\n [\n -121.52878761291504,\n 45.75369057759717\n ],\n [\n -121.52612686157227,\n 45.74991751391586\n ],\n [\n -121.52239322662352,\n 45.748090780339176\n ],\n [\n -121.52531147003174,\n 45.74554523221924\n ],\n [\n -121.52595520019531,\n 45.74275997011605\n ],\n [\n -121.52350902557373,\n 45.73817746236117\n ],\n [\n -121.52372360229491,\n 45.73557155492051\n ],\n [\n -121.522479057312,\n 45.7319470446862\n ],\n [\n -121.52475357055664,\n 45.729191061299915\n ],\n [\n -121.52260780334473,\n 45.72865183125292\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555475b3e4b0a92fa7e94f58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilcox, Andrew C.","contributorId":25064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilcox","given":"Andrew C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Connor, James E. oconnor@usgs.gov","contributorId":138998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"James E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Major, Jon J. 0000-0003-2449-4466 jjmajor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"Jon","email":"jjmajor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70173555,"text":"70173555 - 2014 - Incubation success and habitat selection of shore-spawning kokanee Onchorhynchus nerka: effects of water level regulation and habitat characteristics.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T15:54:21","indexId":"70173555","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incubation success and habitat selection of shore-spawning kokanee Onchorhynchus nerka: effects of water level regulation and habitat characteristics.","docAbstract":"Changes to water-level regimes have been known to restructure fish assemblages and interfere with the population dynamics of both littoral and pelagic species. The effect of altered water-level regimes on shore-spawning kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka incubation success was evaluated using a comprehensive in situ study in Lake Pend Oreille, ID, USA. Survival was not related to substrate size composition or depth, indicating that shore-spawning kokanee do not currently receive a substrate-mediated survival benefit from higher winter water levels. Substrate composition also did not differ among isobaths in the nearshore area. On average, the odds of an egg surviving to the preemergent stage were more than three times greater for sites in downwelling areas than those lacking downwelling. This study revealed that shoreline spawning habitat is not as limited as previously thought. Downwelling areas appear to contribute substantially to shore-spawning kokanee recruitment. This research illustrates the value of rigorous in situ studies both for testing potential mechanisms underlying population trends and providing insight into spawning habitat selection.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12156","usgsCitation":"Whitlock, S.L., Quist, M.C., and Dux, A., 2014, Incubation success and habitat selection of shore-spawning kokanee Onchorhynchus nerka: effects of water level regulation and habitat characteristics.: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 24, no. 3, p. 412-423, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12156.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"412","endPage":"423","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053518","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323434,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a9333e4b04f417c275155","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitlock, Steven L.","contributorId":171705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitlock","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839 mquist@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":171392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","email":"mquist@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dux, Andrew M.","contributorId":73491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dux","given":"Andrew M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70103574,"text":"sir20145087 - 2014 - Low-flow characteristics of streams in the Lahaina District, West Maui, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-27T16:21:50","indexId":"sir20145087","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-27T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5087","title":"Low-flow characteristics of streams in the Lahaina District, West Maui, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"The purpose of this study was to characterize streamflow availability under natural low-flow conditions for streams in the Lahaina District, west Maui, Hawaiʻi. The study-area streams included Honolua Stream and tributary Pāpua Gulch, Honokahua Stream and tributary Mokupeʻa Gulch, Kahana Stream, Honokōwai Stream and tributaries Amalu and Kapāloa Streams, Wahikuli Gulch and tributary Hāhākea Gulch, Kahoma Stream and tributary Kanahā Stream, Kauaʻula Stream, Launiupoko Stream, Olowalu Stream, and Ukumehame Gulch. The results of this study can be used to assist in the determination of technically defensible instream-flow standards for the study-area streams.
\nLow-flow characteristics for natural (unregulated) streamflow conditions were represented by flow-duration discharges that are equaled or exceeded between 50 and 95 percent of the time. Partial-record sites were established on 10 main streams and 5 tributary streams, mainly upstream from existing surface-water diversions. Flow characteristics were determined using historical and current streamflow data from continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations and miscellaneous sites, and additional data collected as part of this study. Based on strategically scheduled observations, six of the study-area streams were ephemeral streams that were observed to remain dry at least 50 percent of the time: Pāpua Gulch, Honokahua Stream and its tributary Mokupeʻa Gulch, Kahana Stream, and Wahikuli Gulch and its tributary Hāhākea Gulch. For the remaining streams with measurable flow, Honolua, Honokōwai, Kahoma, Kanahā, Kauaʻula, Launiupoko, and Olowalu Streams, and Ukumehame Gulch, flow-duration discharges were computed for the 30-year base period (water years 1984–2013), using two record-augmentation techniques. The 95-percent flow-duration discharges ranged from 0 to 4.8 cubic feet per second (ft3/s). The 50-percent flow-duration discharges ranged from 0.47 to 9.5 ft3/s.
\nThis study also estimated the streamflow gains and losses downstream of surface-water diversions using seepage-run measurements. A majority of the streams lost flow downstream from diversions. Measured seepage-loss rates ranged between 0.045 and 1.6 ft3/s per mile of stream reach. Seepage gains mostly occurred upstream from diversions and the measured seepage-gain rates generally ranged between 0.75 and 5.1 ft3/s per mile of stream reach. Under natural-flow conditions, Honolua Stream is estimated to flow to the ocean less than 80 percent of the time and Honokōwai Stream is estimated to flow to the ocean less than 50 percent of the time. Kahoma Stream, Kauaʻula Stream, Olowalu Stream, and Ukumehame Gulch are estimated to flow to the ocean at least 95 percent of the time.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145087","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Hawaiʻi Commission on Water Resource Management","usgsCitation":"Cheng, C.L., 2014, Low-flow characteristics of streams in the Lahaina District, West Maui, Hawai'i: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5087, x, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145087.","productDescription":"x, 58 p.","numberOfPages":"72","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-036373","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145087.jpg"},{"id":289150,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5087/"},{"id":289151,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5087/pdf/sir2014-5087.pdf"}],"projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection, zone 4","datum":"North American Datum 1983","country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Maui","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -156.696923,20.780151 ], [ -156.696923,21.031413 ], [ -156.538315,21.031413 ], [ -156.538315,20.780151 ], [ -156.696923,20.780151 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae776ce4b0abf75cf2c120","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheng, Chui Ling 0000-0003-2396-2571 ccheng@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2396-2571","contributorId":3926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Chui","email":"ccheng@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ling","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":493406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70114859,"text":"70114859 - 2014 - Grass carp in the Great Lakes region: establishment potential, expert perceptions, and re-evaluation of experimental evidence of ecological impact","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-27T10:01:45","indexId":"70114859","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-27T09:58:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Grass carp in the Great Lakes region: establishment potential, expert perceptions, and re-evaluation of experimental evidence of ecological impact","docAbstract":"Intentional introductions of nonindigenous fishes are increasing globally. While benefits of these introductions are easily quantified, assessments to understand the negative impacts to ecosystems are often difficult, incomplete, or absent. Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) was originally introduced to the United States as a biocontrol agent, and recent observations of wild, diploid individuals in the Great Lakes basin have spurred interest in re-evaluating its ecological risk. Here, we evaluate the ecological impact of grass carp using expert opinion and a suite of the most up-to-date analytical tools and data (ploidy assessment, eDNA surveillance, species distribution models (SDMs), and meta-analysis). The perceived ecological impact of grass carp by fisheries experts was variable, ranging from unknown to very high. Wild-caught triploid and diploid individuals occurred in multiple Great Lakes waterways, and eDNA surveillance suggests that grass carp are abundant in a major tributary of Lake Michigan. SDMs predicted suitable grass carp climate occurs in all Great Lakes. Meta-analysis showed that grass carp introductions impact both water quality and biota. Novel findings based on updated ecological impact assessment tools indicate that iterative risk assessment of introduced fishes may be warranted.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2013-0537","usgsCitation":"Wittmann, M.E., Jerde, C.L., Howeth, J.G., Maher, S.P., Deines, A., Jenkins, J.A., Whitledge, G.W., Burbank, S.B., Chadderton, W.L., Mahon, A., Tyson, J.T., Gantz, C.A., Keller, R.P., Drake, J.M., and Lodge, D.M., 2014, Grass carp in the Great Lakes region: establishment potential, expert perceptions, and re-evaluation of experimental evidence of ecological impact: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 71, no. 7, p. 992-999, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0537.","productDescription":"8 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}","volume":"71","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae76e9e4b0abf75cf2c084","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wittmann, Marion E.","contributorId":66988,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wittmann","given":"Marion","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jerde, Christopher L.","contributorId":45608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jerde","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howeth, Jennifer G.","contributorId":63319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howeth","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maher, Sean P.","contributorId":7998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maher","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Deines, Andrew M.","contributorId":94601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deines","given":"Andrew M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jenkins, Jill A. 0000-0002-5087-0894 jenkinsj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":2710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Jill","email":"jenkinsj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Whitledge, Gregory W.","contributorId":73110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitledge","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Burbank, Sarah B.","contributorId":69480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burbank","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Chadderton, William L.","contributorId":31313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chadderton","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mahon, Andrew R.","contributorId":64131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahon","given":"Andrew R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Tyson, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":104433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyson","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Gantz, Crysta A.","contributorId":105647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gantz","given":"Crysta","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Keller, Reuben P.","contributorId":98637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keller","given":"Reuben","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Drake, John M.","contributorId":88273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Lodge, David M.","contributorId":76622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lodge","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16905,"text":"University of Notre Dame, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":495427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70114217,"text":"ofr20141129 - 2014 - Benthic habitat map of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Watershed Partnership Initiative Kā'anapali priority study area and the State of Hawai'i Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area, west-central Maui, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-27T08:48:20","indexId":"ofr20141129","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-27T08:36:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1129","title":"Benthic habitat map of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Watershed Partnership Initiative Kā'anapali priority study area and the State of Hawai'i Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area, west-central Maui, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"Nearshore areas off of west-central Maui, Hawai‘i, once dominated by abundant coral coverage, now are characterized by an increased abundance of turf algae and macroalgae. In an effort to improve the health and resilience of the coral reef system, the Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area was established by the State of Hawai‘i, and the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force selected the Kā‘anapali region as a priority study area. To support these efforts, the U.S. Geological survey mapped nearly 5 km2 of sea floor from the shoreline to water depths of about 30 m. Unconsolidated sediment (predominantly sand) constitutes 65 percent of the sea floor in the mapped area. Reef and other hardbottom potentially available for coral recruitments constitutes 35 percent of the mapped area. Of this potentially available hardbottom, only 51 percent is covered with a minimum of 10 percent coral, and most is found between 5 and 10 m water depth.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141129","usgsCitation":"Cochran, S., Gibbs, A.E., and White, D.J., 2014, Benthic habitat map of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Watershed Partnership Initiative Kā'anapali priority study area and the State of Hawai'i Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area, west-central Maui, Hawai'i: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1129, Report: vi, 42 p.; Benthic habitat map: GIS shapefile, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141129.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 42 p.; Benthic habitat map: GIS shapefile","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-054708","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289115,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1129/"},{"id":289117,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1129/pdf/ofr2014-1129.pdf"},{"id":289118,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1129/downloads/ofr2014-1129_GIS.zip"},{"id":289119,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141129.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Maui","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -156.739924,20.899512 ], [ -156.739924,20.979972 ], [ -156.670022,20.979972 ], [ -156.670022,20.899512 ], [ -156.739924,20.899512 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ae7645e4b0abf75cf2bef3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cochran, Susan A.","contributorId":27533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Susan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibbs, Ann E. 0000-0002-0883-3774 agibbs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-3774","contributorId":2644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Ann","email":"agibbs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":495276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, Darla J.","contributorId":83841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Darla","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70114017,"text":"ofr20141128 - 2014 - Comparison of historical streamflows to 2013 Streamflows in the Williamson, Sprague, and Wood Rivers, Upper Klamath Lake Basin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-18T08:23:39","indexId":"ofr20141128","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-26T15:38:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1128","title":"Comparison of historical streamflows to 2013 Streamflows in the Williamson, Sprague, and Wood Rivers, Upper Klamath Lake Basin, Oregon","docAbstract":"In 2013, the Upper Klamath Lake Basin, Oregon, experienced a dry spring, resulting in an executive order declaring a state of drought emergency in Klamath County. The 2013 drought limited the water supply and led to a near-total cessation of surface-water diversions for irrigation above Upper Klamath Lake once regulation was implemented. These conditions presented a unique opportunity to understand the effects of water right regulation on streamflows.
\nThe effects of regulation of diversions were evaluated by comparing measured 2013 streamflow with data from hydrologically similar years. Years with spring streamflow similar to that in 2013 measured at the Sprague River gage at Chiloquin from water years 1973 to 2012 were used to define a Composite Index Year (CIY; with diversions) for comparison to measured 2013 streamflows (no diversions). The best-fit 6 years (1977, 1981, 1990, 1991, 1994, and 2001) were used to determine the CIY.
\nTwo streams account for most of the streamflow into Upper Klamath Lake: the Williamson and Wood Rivers. Most streamflow into the lake is from the Williamson River Basin, which includes the Sprague River. Because most of the diversion regulation affecting the streamflow of the Williamson River occurred in the Sprague River Basin, and because of uncertainties about historical flows in a major diversion above the Williamson River gage, streamflow data from the Sprague River were used to estimate the change in streamflow from regulation of diversions for the Williamson River Basin. Changes in streamflow outside of the Sprague River Basin were likely minor relative to total streamflow.
\nThe effect of diversion regulation was evaluated using the “Baseflow Method,” which compared 2013 baseflow to baseflow of the CIY. The Baseflow Method reduces the potential effects of summer precipitation events on the calculations. A similar method using streamflow produced similar results, however, despite at least one summer precipitation event. The result of the analysis estimates that streamflow from the Williamson River Basin to Upper Klamath Lake increased by approximately 14,100 acre-feet between July 1 and September 30 relative to prior dry years as a result of regulation of surface-water diversions in 2013.
\nQuantifying the change in streamflow from regulation of diversion for the Wood River Basin was likely less accurate due to a lack of long-term streamflow data. An increase in streamflow from regulation of diversions in the Wood River Basin of roughly 5,500 acre-feet was estimated by comparing the average August and September streamflow in 2013 with historical August and September streamflow.
\nSumming the results of the estimated streamflow gain of the Williamson River Basin (14,100 acre-feet) and Wood River (5,500 acre-feet) gives a total estimated increase in streamflow into Upper Klamath Lake resulting from the July 1–September 2013 regulation of diversions of approximately 19,600 acre-feet.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141128","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Hess, G.W., and Stonewall, A., 2014, Comparison of historical streamflows to 2013 Streamflows in the Williamson, Sprague, and Wood Rivers, Upper Klamath Lake Basin, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1128, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141128.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053100","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289113,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1128/pdf/ofr2014-1128.pdf"},{"id":289114,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20141128.jpg"},{"id":289112,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1128/"}],"scale":"1000000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator projection","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.0,42.333333 ], [ -122.0,42.833333 ], [ -120.5,42.833333 ], [ -120.5,42.333333 ], [ -122.0,42.333333 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ad32d6e4b0729c154181a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, Glen W.","contributorId":19136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":495230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stonewall, Adam J. 0000-0002-3277-8736 stonewal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3277-8736","contributorId":2699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonewall","given":"Adam J.","email":"stonewal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":495229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70099902,"text":"sir20145058 - 2014 - Floods of 2011 in New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-30T08:53:42","indexId":"sir20145058","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-26T14:08:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5058","title":"Floods of 2011 in New York","docAbstract":"Record rainfall combined with above-average temperatures and substantial spring snowmelt resulted in record flooding throughout New York during 2011. Rainfall totals in eastern New York were the greatest since 1895 and as much as 60 percent above the long-term average within the Catskill Mountains area and the Susquehanna River Basin. This report documents the three largest storms and resultant flooding during the year: (1) spring storm during April and May, (2) Tropical Storm Irene during August, and (3) remnants of Tropical Storm Lee during September. According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the cost of these three storms exceeded $1 billion in Federal disaster assistance.
\nA warm and wet spring in northern New York resulted in record flooding at 21 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) active streamgages during late April to early May with the annual exceedance probabilities (AEPs) of 11 peak discharges equaling or exceeding 1 percent. Nearly 5 inches of rain during late April combined with a rapidly melting snowpack caused widespread flooding throughout northern New York, resulting in many road closures, millions of dollars in damages, and 23 counties declared disaster areas and eligible for public assistance. On May 6, Lake Champlain recorded its highest lake level in over 140 years.
\nHurricane Irene entered New York State on August 28 as a tropical storm and traveled up the eastern corridor of the State, leaving a path of destruction and damage never seen in many parts of New York. Thirty-one counties in New York were declared disaster areas with damages of over $1.3 billion dollars and 10 reported deaths. Storm rainfall exceeded 18 inches in the Catskill Mountains area of southeastern New York with many other areas of eastern New York receiving over 7 inches. Catastrophic flooding resulted from the extreme rainfall in many locations, including Schoharie Creek and its tributaries, the eastern Delaware River Basin, the Ausable and Bouquet River Basins in northeastern New York, and several other stream basins throughout southeastern New York. Downstream reaches of the Mohawk River also had substantial flooding. Sixty-two USGS streamgages throughout eastern New York documented record high stream flows and elevations with AEPs of 25 peak discharges equaling or exceeding 1 percent. The USGS streamgage for the Schoharie Creek at Prattsville recorded its greatest peak discharge in 109 years of record at 120,000 cubic feet per second (greater than the 0.2-percent AEP discharge) on August 28. The peak water-surface elevation at the streamgage in Prattsville was 5 feet higher than its previous record in 1996. USGS personnel surveyed 184 high-water marks (HWMs) at 30 locations along an 84-mile reach of Schoharie Creek and compared the elevations to those published by FEMA for the 10-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-percent AEP floods. Elevations in the lower reaches of the basin exceeded published elevations for the 0.2-percent AEP flood.
\nRemnants of Tropical Storm Lee brought a third major storm to New York in September 2011. Moisture from Lee began moving into New York on September 7 and intensified over the already saturated Susquehanna River Basin. Most of the rain fell on September 8 with storm totals nearing 13 inches in some areas (12.73 inches at Apalachin in Tioga County). Major disaster declarations were issued for 15 counties in and around central New York, making them eligible for individual or public assistance. Ten USGS streamgages within the Susquehanna River Basin documented record-high stream discharges and elevations on September 8, and all were greater than the 1-percent AEP discharge. USGS personnel surveyed 20 HWMs at 18 locations along a 114- mile reach of the Susquehanna River and compared the elevations to those published by FEMA for the 10-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-percent AEP floods. Several of the surveyed HWMs exceeded published elevations for the 0.2-percent AEP flood.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145058","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Lumia, R., Firda, G.D., and Smith, T., 2014, Floods of 2011 in New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5058, Report: xii, 235 p.; 5 Plates: 36.0 x 30.0 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145058.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 235 p.; 5 Plates: 36.0 x 30.0 inches","numberOfPages":"252","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-050803","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":289096,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5058/pdf/sir2014-5058.pdf"},{"id":289095,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5058/"},{"id":289097,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5058/sheets/sir2014-5058_fig02.pdf"},{"id":289098,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5058/sheets/sir2014-5058_fig27.pdf"},{"id":289099,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5058/sheets/sir2014-5058_fig11.pdf"},{"id":289100,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5058/sheets/sir2014-5058_fig31.pdf"},{"id":289101,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5058/sheets/sir2014-5058_fig53.pdf"},{"id":289102,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145058.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -79.7621,40.496 ], [ -79.7621,45.0159 ], [ -71.8563,45.0159 ], [ -71.8563,40.496 ], [ -79.7621,40.496 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53ad32d8e4b0729c154181a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lumia, Richard rlumia@usgs.gov","contributorId":4579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lumia","given":"Richard","email":"rlumia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":492053,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Firda, Gary D. gfirda@usgs.gov","contributorId":1552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Firda","given":"Gary","email":"gfirda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":492052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Travis L. tlsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":4805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Travis L.","email":"tlsmith@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":492054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70101200,"text":"sir20145069 - 2014 - Assessment of metal and trace element contamination in water, sediment, plants, macroinvertebrates, and fish in Tavasci Marsh, Tuzigoot National Monument, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-25T10:35:33","indexId":"sir20145069","displayToPublicDate":"2014-06-26T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2014","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5069","title":"Assessment of metal and trace element contamination in water, sediment, plants, macroinvertebrates, and fish in Tavasci Marsh, Tuzigoot National Monument, Arizona","docAbstract":"Tavasci Marsh is a large freshwater marsh within the Tuzigoot National Monument in central Arizona. It is the largest freshwater marsh in Arizona that is unconnected to the Colorado River and is designated as an Important Bird Area by the Audubon Society. The marsh has been altered significantly by previous land use and the monument’s managers are evaluating the restoration of the marsh. In light of historical mining activities located near the marsh from the first half of the 20th century, evaluations of water, sediment, plant, and aquatic biota in the marsh were conducted. The evaluations were focused on nine metals and trace elements commonly associated with mining and other anthropogenic activities (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn) together with isotopic analyses to understand the presence, sources and timing of water and sediment contaminants to the marsh and the occurrence in aquatic plants, dragonfly larvae, and fish.
\nResults of water analyses indicate that there were two distinct sources of water contributing to the marsh during the study: one from older high elevation recharge entering the marsh at Shea Spring (as well as a number of unnamed seeps and springs on the northeastern edge of the marsh) and the other from younger low elevation recharge or from Pecks Lake. Water concentrations for arsenic exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency primary drinking water standard of 10 μg/L at all sampling sites. Surface waters at Tavasci Marsh may contain conditions favorable for methylmercury production.
\nAll surficial and core sediment samples exceeded or were within sample concentration variability of at least one threshold sediment quality guideline for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Several sediment sites were also above or were within sample concentration variability of severe or probable effect sediment quality guidelines for As, Cd, and Cu. Three sediment cores collected in the marsh have greater metal and trace element concentrations at depth for Bi, Cd, Cu, Hg, In, Pb, Sb, Sn, Te, and Zn. Radioisotope dating indicates that the elevated metal and trace element concentrations are associated with sediments deposited before 1963.
\nArsenic concentration was greater in cattail roots compared with surrounding sediment at Tavasci Marsh. Concentrations of As, Ni, and Se from yellow bullhead catfish (Ameiurus natalis) in Tavasci Marsh exceeded the 75th percentile of several other regional studies. Mercury concentration in dragonfly larvae and fish from Tavasci Marsh were similar to or greater than in Tavasci Marsh sediment. Future work includes a biologic risk assessment utilizing the data collected in this study to provide the monument management with additional information for their restoration plan.
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Given the personnel and travel costs associated with physical monitoring programs, automated or semi-automated systems are an attractive alternative for monitoring fish passage facilities. We designed and tested a semi-automated system for eel ladder monitoring at Millville Dam on the lower Shenandoah River, West Virginia. A motion-activated eel ladder camera (ELC) photographed each yellow-phase American Eel Anguilla rostrata that passed through the ladder. Digital images (with date and time stamps) of American Eels allowed for total daily counts and measurements of eel TL using photogrammetric methods with digital imaging software. We compared physical counts of American Eels with camera-based counts; TLs obtained with a measuring board were compared with TLs derived from photogrammetric methods. Data from the ELC were consistent with data obtained by physical methods, thus supporting the semi-automated camera system as a viable option for monitoring American Eel passage. Time stamps on digital images allowed for the documentation of eel passage time—data that were not obtainable from physical monitoring efforts. The ELC has application to eel ladder facilities but can also be used to monitor dam passage of other taxa, such as crayfishes, lampreys, and water snakes.
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\nThis report contains a set of case studies focused on the uses and benefits of Landsat imagery. The purpose of these is to shed more light on the benefits accrued from Landsat imagery and to gain a better understanding of the program’s value. The case studies tell a story of how Landsat imagery is used and what its value is to different private and public entities. Most of the case studies focus on the use of Landsat in water resource management, although some other content areas are included.
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