No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Schulze, J.A., Manigold, D.B., and Andrews, F.L., 1974, Pesticides in selected western streams, 1968-71: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 7, no. 1, p. 73-84.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"84","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":419188,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.21880597536834,\n 29.923444487350054\n ],\n [\n -89.70575904024257,\n 30.4031982303394\n ],\n [\n -89.85175030929112,\n 30.667430340901277\n ],\n [\n -89.77841471608684,\n 31.01965303603683\n ],\n [\n -91.64542368290138,\n 31.025689892111146\n ],\n [\n -90.95516079324777,\n 32.393494572489985\n ],\n [\n -91.1574873466654,\n 33.71475176561292\n ],\n [\n -89.92959962985161,\n 35.6351686894551\n ],\n [\n -89.1347927723762,\n 36.71152716908705\n ],\n [\n -89.36146236301516,\n 37.05250670103415\n ],\n [\n -89.42927901862714,\n 37.46553708121752\n ],\n [\n -90.32541787867518,\n 38.27926013728032\n ],\n [\n -90.6245328282962,\n 38.981105304680796\n ],\n [\n -91.48691611353865,\n 40.07877112606232\n ],\n [\n -91.00858783959666,\n 41.01570126094907\n ],\n [\n -91.086907452746,\n 41.30485319541063\n ],\n [\n -90.4781996302064,\n 41.716991908913684\n ],\n [\n -90.18691574028634,\n 42.016844811057155\n ],\n [\n -91.13419421149436,\n 42.872109709423796\n ],\n [\n -91.32405104426942,\n 43.85714996437545\n ],\n [\n -92.79720754503137,\n 44.758293554800986\n ],\n [\n -92.75608215435847,\n 45.41715889972991\n ],\n [\n -92.89830253881442,\n 45.64676495856898\n ],\n [\n -92.71267953183963,\n 45.9444779524988\n ],\n [\n -92.35720682486846,\n 46.08688648320668\n ],\n [\n -92.30497910303285,\n 46.67394273826923\n ],\n [\n -92.14365221288509,\n 46.79059507565083\n ],\n [\n -89.52970280546923,\n 47.96199234463285\n ],\n [\n -90.67092227985037,\n 48.06677929312818\n ],\n [\n -90.90477068046337,\n 48.27230530538699\n ],\n [\n -91.54189558850237,\n 48.047854335696826\n ],\n [\n -92.18680217910816,\n 48.291429697660334\n ],\n [\n -92.87970305113248,\n 48.57803684882495\n ],\n [\n -93.8195327860937,\n 48.49909754971884\n ],\n [\n -94.5922274300226,\n 48.67108520444759\n ],\n [\n -94.81694677173991,\n 49.280498571058246\n ],\n [\n -95.09500224630924,\n 49.34183347696461\n ],\n [\n -95.2560651284233,\n 48.97588666480425\n ],\n [\n -104.22283310531316,\n 48.98953377202844\n ],\n [\n -123.25613585215612,\n 48.966836423497426\n ],\n [\n -123.00961220298171,\n 48.2455605431538\n ],\n [\n -123.7552568887539,\n 48.27111335548216\n ],\n [\n -124.93349385390468,\n 48.525224921139795\n ],\n [\n -124.83990611214182,\n 47.93955381781518\n ],\n [\n -124.13225980916735,\n 46.382117763807486\n ],\n [\n -124.17591309298626,\n 44.73936836589354\n ],\n [\n -124.7177894652392,\n 42.94904046737423\n ],\n [\n -124.33652581639709,\n 41.510018120019964\n ],\n [\n -124.51519779576226,\n 40.29174189866919\n ],\n [\n -123.98274013411309,\n 39.62345215181952\n ],\n [\n -123.73429788354028,\n 38.86036414911041\n ],\n [\n -123.12641564408561,\n 38.306003732167625\n ],\n [\n -123.06530601847544,\n 37.69757991476719\n ],\n [\n -122.21420791310491,\n 36.64705538418039\n ],\n [\n -121.08404627223902,\n 35.23114282017279\n ],\n [\n -120.63892188332213,\n 34.32788174103031\n ],\n [\n -120.37700965228551,\n 33.80271758147579\n ],\n [\n -118.44444112119423,\n 33.590097417008224\n ],\n [\n -117.52815215260769,\n 32.81523671072577\n ],\n [\n -117.36329902577204,\n 32.56081665119433\n ],\n [\n -114.71853562589068,\n 32.712033956692295\n ],\n [\n -114.7442103443709,\n 32.53215309647658\n ],\n [\n -111.05780952736737,\n 31.292691522640013\n ],\n [\n -108.1381754653608,\n 31.328572268608013\n ],\n [\n -108.224771438348,\n 31.779667294860687\n ],\n [\n -106.25109046681004,\n 31.445555252453786\n ],\n [\n -104.96449528419166,\n 30.638572031423067\n ],\n [\n -104.65515867992693,\n 29.708763307625162\n ],\n [\n -103.2611298199287,\n 28.930341360289447\n ],\n [\n -102.65916856190148,\n 29.718771046503562\n ],\n [\n -101.67432266206819,\n 29.750436604625733\n ],\n [\n -100.77697298887514,\n 29.213416311142097\n ],\n [\n -100.045917785749,\n 27.99644800749907\n ],\n [\n -99.20190402348584,\n 26.678434241002805\n ],\n [\n -98.42894208624656,\n 26.049414595120382\n ],\n [\n -97.3711041258673,\n 25.85431741234555\n ],\n [\n -97.1521677401876,\n 25.94642780320281\n ],\n [\n -97.28797115137209,\n 26.74716374292548\n ],\n [\n -96.65286376166088,\n 28.22646946006948\n ],\n [\n -95.1658449305362,\n 28.88568024546855\n ],\n [\n -94.2176853788788,\n 29.441013395230897\n ],\n [\n -92.37702740764718,\n 29.34580813582312\n ],\n [\n -91.01839957244297,\n 28.997667380282863\n ],\n [\n -88.73166865941414,\n 28.77085808301797\n ],\n [\n -89.21880597536834,\n 29.923444487350054\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schulze, Jean A.","contributorId":316829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schulze","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":878468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manigold, Douglas B.","contributorId":60265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manigold","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":878469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrews, Freeman L.","contributorId":91486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Freeman","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":878470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70247306,"text":"70247306 - 1974 - Channel changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-27T15:08:32.887753","indexId":"70247306","displayToPublicDate":"1974-06-01T10:06:33","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Channel changes","docAbstract":"Environmental impacts may alter the quantities of water and sediment carried in a stream and thus may increase or diminish naturally occurring rates of channel changes and the pre-impact frequency of flows. Repetitive cross-channel surveys to determine changes in channel size or location are a measure of the response of stream to environmental impact and may provide data necessary before corrective measures can be taken to minimize the effects of the impact. One effect on stream channels from the impact of urbanization can be shown, by example from one stream, to be a loss in channel size due to deposition of sediment. After 17 years of urbanization encroaching on the area, the channel was only 66 percent of the size it was at the beginning of that period.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1974)2%3C271:CC%3E2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Emmett, W.W., 1974, Channel changes: Geology, v. 2, no. 6, p. 271-272, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1974)2%3C271:CC%3E2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"271","endPage":"272","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":419372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emmett, William W.","contributorId":68715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emmett","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":879167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":37414,"text":"ssrw179 - 1974 - The literature of the California black rail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T18:09:10","indexId":"ssrw179","displayToPublicDate":"1974-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":83,"text":"Special Scientific Report - Wildlife","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"179","title":"The literature of the California black rail","docAbstract":"Few birds have remained so little known as the California black rail (Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus). Although first collected in 1859 or before and reported in 1874 (Ridgway 1874), its life history, distribution, and status have remained so obscure that even a sight record of the bird is deemed worthy of a report in some ornithological publications. Because degradation and loss of freshwater and saltwater marshlands in California may be detrimentally affecting the black rail, both the U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife (1973) and the California Department of Fish and Game (1972) have classified it as rare and worthy of further study.
The 84 papers and notes both summarized in this report and included in its bibliography include essentially all that is currently known about the California black rail. Only 11 of these papers consider the life history of this rail in any detail. The rest are distribution notes and some of the more important papers on the closely related eastern black rail (L. j. jamaicensis). The latter are included for comparative purposes, or because they may lend clues to currently unknown facets of the life history of the western race.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Wilbur, S.R., 1974, The literature of the California black rail: Special Scientific Report - Wildlife 179, 17 p.","productDescription":"17 p.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":167442,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ssrw179.JPG"},{"id":94650,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015077581091?urlappend=%3Bseq=3"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64af32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilbur, Sanford R.","contributorId":34188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilbur","given":"Sanford","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":218032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70261446,"text":"70261446 - 1974 - Selected chlorinated hydrocarbons in bottom material from streams tributary to San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-11T17:30:16.58425","indexId":"70261446","displayToPublicDate":"1974-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3038,"text":"Pesticides Monitoring Journal","onlineIssn":" 0031-615","printIssn":" 0031-615","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selected chlorinated hydrocarbons in bottom material from streams tributary to San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"As part of a study of the environmental quality of San Francisco Bay, bottom material from 26 streams tributary to the Bay were analyzed for chlordane, DDD, DDE, DDT, and PCB residues. These compounds were present in essentially all streams tested. Chlordane proved to be ubiquitous, with a concentration range similar to that of the other compounds. Noteworthy was the occurrence in one stream of polychlorinated naphthalene residues. Compounds occurring in concentrations above 20 μg/kg were identified in most instances by combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
","language":"English","publisher":"Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Law, L.M., and Goerlitz, D.F., 1974, Selected chlorinated hydrocarbons in bottom material from streams tributary to San Francisco Bay: Pesticides Monitoring Journal, v. 8, no. 1, p. 33-36.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"36","costCenters":[{"id":379,"text":"Menlo Park Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":465028,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.53014916518325,\n 37.85087332942885\n ],\n [\n -122.53014916518325,\n 37.41269423080945\n ],\n [\n -121.93161333337619,\n 37.41269423080945\n ],\n [\n -121.93161333337619,\n 37.85087332942885\n ],\n [\n -122.53014916518325,\n 37.85087332942885\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Law, LeRoy M.","contributorId":104603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Law","given":"LeRoy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":920587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goerlitz, Donald F.","contributorId":10780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goerlitz","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":920588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5224971,"text":"5224971 - 1974 - Relationships among three criteria of puberty in Peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-10T15:37:29.036932","indexId":"5224971","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships among three criteria of puberty in Peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1379019","usgsCitation":"Rogers, J., and Beauchamp, G., 1974, Relationships among three criteria of puberty in Peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 55, no. 2, p. 461-462, https://doi.org/10.2307/1379019.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"461","endPage":"462","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197805,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Chester County","city":"West Chester","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-75.6968,40.2417],[-75.6912,40.2388],[-75.6894,40.2378],[-75.6864,40.2387],[-75.6784,40.2436],[-75.6741,40.2458],[-75.6705,40.2466],[-75.6645,40.2461],[-75.6549,40.2428],[-75.6478,40.2404],[-75.6406,40.2371],[-75.6304,40.2347],[-75.6209,40.2305],[-75.6186,40.2277],[-75.6151,40.2245],[-75.6114,40.2244],[-75.6078,40.2258],[-75.6047,40.2275],[-75.6059,40.2294],[-75.6076,40.2326],[-75.6088,40.2348],[-75.6081,40.2366],[-75.605,40.2389],[-75.6014,40.2379],[-75.5997,40.2365],[-75.5973,40.2347],[-75.591,40.2214],[-75.5835,40.21],[-75.5801,40.2045],[-75.5796,40.2004],[-75.5766,40.1981],[-75.5724,40.1967],[-75.5694,40.1966],[-75.5676,40.1975],[-75.5645,40.2006],[-75.5644,40.2029],[-75.5655,40.207],[-75.5661,40.2093],[-75.5636,40.2101],[-75.5606,40.2096],[-75.5589,40.2073],[-75.5554,40.2023],[-75.5503,40.19],[-75.544,40.1794],[-75.5387,40.1739],[-75.527,40.1664],[-75.5275,40.1492],[-75.5239,40.1468],[-75.5184,40.1475],[-75.5127,40.1595],[-75.503,40.1593],[-75.5,40.1563],[-75.5036,40.1506],[-75.5107,40.1422],[-75.5088,40.1347],[-75.4905,40.1253],[-75.4729,40.1287],[-75.4611,40.1241],[-75.4627,40.119],[-75.4691,40.1169],[-75.4719,40.1116],[-75.4693,40.1066],[-75.4618,40.1027],[-75.4633,40.0971],[-75.4563,40.0945],[-75.4558,40.0876],[-75.4401,40.0941],[-75.4369,40.0899],[-75.42,40.0966],[-75.3927,40.0604],[-75.3669,40.0723],[-75.361,40.0668],[-75.3702,40.062],[-75.3732,40.0602],[-75.3811,40.0572],[-75.4012,40.0475],[-75.4025,40.0471],[-75.4086,40.0436],[-75.4128,40.0418],[-75.4106,40.0373],[-75.4076,40.0336],[-75.406,40.0295],[-75.4139,40.0242],[-75.4207,40.0202],[-75.4311,40.0118],[-75.4508,39.9958],[-75.452,39.9949],[-75.4532,39.994],[-75.4521,39.9926],[-75.4455,39.9925],[-75.4437,39.9925],[-75.4412,39.9933],[-75.4401,39.9915],[-75.4372,39.9865],[-75.4385,39.9842],[-75.4398,39.9811],[-75.4399,39.9793],[-75.4423,39.9788],[-75.4446,39.9807],[-75.4726,39.968],[-75.4993,39.9557],[-75.5024,39.9544],[-75.5079,39.9518],[-75.5152,39.9483],[-75.5224,39.9452],[-75.5243,39.9443],[-75.5202,39.9397],[-75.5191,39.9374],[-75.5306,39.9322],[-75.526,39.9239],[-75.5315,39.9218],[-75.5366,39.9305],[-75.5427,39.9274],[-75.5398,39.9242],[-75.5447,39.922],[-75.5424,39.9183],[-75.5502,39.9152],[-75.5468,39.9093],[-75.5553,39.9058],[-75.5576,39.9086],[-75.5601,39.9072],[-75.5583,39.904],[-75.562,39.9023],[-75.5711,39.897],[-75.573,39.8943],[-75.5714,39.8879],[-75.5799,39.8835],[-75.5822,39.8854],[-75.5834,39.8849],[-75.5852,39.8863],[-75.5888,39.8846],[-75.5842,39.8804],[-75.5981,39.8747],[-75.5952,39.8724],[-75.5934,39.8697],[-75.5935,39.8683],[-75.5959,39.8652],[-75.599,39.862],[-75.6003,39.8602],[-75.6015,39.858],[-75.601,39.8562],[-75.5975,39.8539],[-75.5939,39.8515],[-75.5946,39.8488],[-75.5965,39.8457],[-75.5978,39.8416],[-75.5973,39.8379],[-75.6146,39.835],[-75.6308,39.8314],[-75.6464,39.827],[-75.647,39.8268],[-75.6661,39.82],[-75.6775,39.8156],[-75.6928,39.8074],[-75.7056,39.7991],[-75.7177,39.7912],[-75.724,39.7866],[-75.7268,39.7845],[-75.7378,39.775],[-75.7476,39.7653],[-75.7551,39.756],[-75.7611,39.7478],[-75.7662,39.7393],[-75.77,39.731],[-75.7723,39.7231],[-75.7875,39.7231],[-76.0148,39.7228],[-76.1392,39.7223],[-76.1373,39.7262],[-76.1337,39.728],[-76.1307,39.728],[-76.1266,39.7265],[-76.1236,39.7242],[-76.1188,39.726],[-76.1187,39.7301],[-76.1205,39.7333],[-76.1198,39.7364],[-76.1144,39.7368],[-76.1115,39.735],[-76.1121,39.7318],[-76.1134,39.7287],[-76.1104,39.7268],[-76.1051,39.7254],[-76.0996,39.7285],[-76.0965,39.7326],[-76.0959,39.7362],[-76.0988,39.738],[-76.1018,39.7399],[-76.1018,39.7421],[-76.1011,39.7449],[-76.0957,39.7448],[-76.0909,39.7452],[-76.0873,39.7474],[-76.0842,39.7537],[-76.0841,39.7592],[-76.0804,39.7609],[-76.0678,39.7626],[-76.066,39.7644],[-76.0654,39.7671],[-76.0659,39.7708],[-76.0628,39.7734],[-76.0616,39.7752],[-76.0615,39.7789],[-76.0567,39.7802],[-76.0537,39.7819],[-76.0506,39.7846],[-76.0481,39.79],[-76.0444,39.7963],[-76.0377,39.8026],[-76.0352,39.808],[-76.0303,39.813],[-76.0308,39.8175],[-76.032,39.8207],[-76.0265,39.8247],[-76.0253,39.826],[-76.0252,39.8301],[-76.0234,39.831],[-76.0191,39.8319],[-76.0191,39.8337],[-76.0202,39.8378],[-76.023,39.8464],[-76.0217,39.8518],[-76.0211,39.8537],[-76.0181,39.8545],[-76.0163,39.854],[-76.0127,39.8531],[-76.0103,39.8531],[-76.0091,39.8544],[-76.007,39.8666],[-76.0051,39.8712],[-76.0039,39.873],[-76.0015,39.8738],[-75.9991,39.8734],[-75.9974,39.8715],[-75.9956,39.8701],[-75.9932,39.8697],[-75.9926,39.8706],[-75.9908,39.8719],[-75.9877,39.8732],[-75.9871,39.8746],[-75.9877,39.8768],[-75.9912,39.8801],[-75.9905,39.8828],[-75.9899,39.8868],[-75.9879,39.8927],[-75.9885,39.895],[-75.9902,39.8977],[-75.9943,39.901],[-75.9961,39.9028],[-75.9957,39.9236],[-75.9962,39.9259],[-75.998,39.9273],[-75.9968,39.9282],[-75.9938,39.9277],[-75.9926,39.9268],[-75.9914,39.9272],[-75.9902,39.9286],[-75.9859,39.9308],[-75.9841,39.9308],[-75.9823,39.9307],[-75.9811,39.9316],[-75.9805,39.9334],[-75.9822,39.9362],[-75.9875,39.9399],[-75.9915,39.9481],[-75.9921,39.9513],[-75.992,39.9544],[-75.9901,39.958],[-75.9889,39.9607],[-75.987,39.9634],[-75.9869,39.9675],[-75.9722,39.9855],[-75.964,40.0008],[-75.9628,40.0026],[-75.956,40.0125],[-75.9504,40.0197],[-75.935,40.0394],[-75.9354,40.0471],[-75.9361,40.0689],[-75.9365,40.0807],[-75.9403,40.0989],[-75.9413,40.1066],[-75.9412,40.1093],[-75.9315,40.1138],[-75.9139,40.1212],[-75.9018,40.1261],[-75.8757,40.1371],[-75.8604,40.1464],[-75.8494,40.154],[-75.7773,40.1997],[-75.7724,40.2028],[-75.7602,40.2085],[-75.7322,40.2231],[-75.6986,40.2408],[-75.6968,40.2417]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Chester\",\"state\":\"PA\"}}]}","volume":"55","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5fe4b07f02db6346ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rogers, J.G. Jr.","contributorId":46651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"J.G.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beauchamp, G.K.","contributorId":51411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"G.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70246991,"text":"70246991 - 1974 - MER: Ultimate recovery and production rate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-21T14:43:12.530049","indexId":"70246991","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-15T09:36:52","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"MER: Ultimate recovery and production rate","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","conferenceTitle":"Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME","conferenceDate":"May 15–16, 1974","conferenceLocation":"Billings, MT","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Petroleum Engineers","doi":"10.2118/4933-MS","usgsCitation":"Savage, W.K., Thachuk, A.R., Beykpour, H., and Lohrenz, J.H., 1974, MER: Ultimate recovery and production rate, Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, Billings, MT, May 15–16, 1974, SPE-4933-MS, https://doi.org/10.2118/4933-MS.","productDescription":"SPE-4933-MS","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":419204,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1974-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, W. K.","contributorId":316832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savage","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":878490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thachuk, A. R.","contributorId":316833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thachuk","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":878491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beykpour, Hassan","contributorId":316834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beykpour","given":"Hassan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":878492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lohrenz, J. H.","contributorId":316836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohrenz","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":878493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70210119,"text":"70210119 - 1974 - K-Ar Age Relations of Granodiorite Emplacement and Tungsten and Gold Mineralization near the Getchell Mine, Humboldt County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-14T18:04:14.390316","indexId":"70210119","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-14T12:41:53","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"K-Ar Age Relations of Granodiorite Emplacement and Tungsten and Gold Mineralization near the Getchell Mine, Humboldt County, Nevada","docAbstract":"A granodiorite stock intrudes complexly folded and thrust-faulted Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in the Osgood Mountains of eastern Humboldt County, Nevada. Within the metamorphic aureole surrounding the pluton, the sedimentary rocks are converted to cordierite hornfels and marble; tungsten-bearing tactites developed along the contacts of the granodiorite. Cutting the granodiorite and sedimentary rocks is the Getchell fault, along which the disseminated gold ore bodies of the Getchell mine are localized. K-Ar ages of the granodiorite, andesite porphyry, tungsten-bearing tactites, and altered granodiorite from the Getchell mine indicate that emplacement, alteration, and mineralization are all part of a magmatic-thermal episode which took place approximately 90 m.y. ago.
","language":"English","publisher":"SPEM","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.69.5.646","usgsCitation":"Silberman, M.L., Berger, B.R., and Koski, R.A., 1974, K-Ar Age Relations of Granodiorite Emplacement and Tungsten and Gold Mineralization near the Getchell Mine, Humboldt County, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 69, p. 646-656, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.69.5.646.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"646","endPage":"656","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Humboldt","otherGeospatial":"Osgood Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.92724609375,\n 40.094882122321145\n ],\n [\n -117.103271484375,\n 40.094882122321145\n ],\n [\n -117.103271484375,\n 41.393294288784865\n ],\n [\n -117.92724609375,\n 41.393294288784865\n ],\n [\n -117.92724609375,\n 40.094882122321145\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"69","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1974-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Silberman, Miles L.","contributorId":23947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silberman","given":"Miles","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berger, B. R.","contributorId":77914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koski, Randolph A. rkoski@usgs.gov","contributorId":2949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koski","given":"Randolph","email":"rkoski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":789197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70010199,"text":"70010199 - 1974 - Cristobalitic stage in the diagenesis of diatomaceous shale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-23T15:45:31.36284","indexId":"70010199","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cristobalitic stage in the diagenesis of diatomaceous shale","docAbstract":"With increasing depth of burial, diagenetic cristobalite in the Monterey Shale of California shows a decrease in the d(101) spacing from 4.115 to 4.040 angstroms, indicative of a progressive change in its internal structure. The spacing is 0.004 to 0.015 angstrom smaller in porcellanite than in associated chert, probably because the cristobalite of porcellanite formed later than that of chert.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.184.4136.567","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Murata, K.J., and Nakata, J., 1974, Cristobalitic stage in the diagenesis of diatomaceous shale: Science, v. 184, no. 4136, p. 567-568, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.184.4136.567.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"567","endPage":"568","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218932,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.53255037996313,\n 42.010359415361904\n ],\n [\n -124.63205839049,\n 40.480734832039786\n ],\n [\n -123.34783966311163,\n 37.32117035755442\n ],\n [\n -119.22796917071801,\n 32.550398524822015\n ],\n [\n -114.18927435843364,\n 32.557239126473036\n ],\n [\n -114.31739524319651,\n 35.04233651305803\n ],\n [\n -119.9237439233978,\n 39.185461079060275\n ],\n [\n -119.97628268903128,\n 41.98384849520821\n ],\n [\n -124.53255037996313,\n 42.010359415361904\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"184","issue":"4136","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcb0e4b0c8380cd4e3a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murata, K. J.","contributorId":18759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murata","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nakata, J. K.","contributorId":70784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakata","given":"J. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":358297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209872,"text":"70209872 - 1974 - North polar region of Mars: Imaging results from Viking 2","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-01T19:44:49.699573","indexId":"70209872","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T14:37:44","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"North polar region of Mars: Imaging results from Viking 2","docAbstract":"During October 1976, the Viking 2 orbiter acquired approximately 700 high-resolution images of the north polar region of Mars. These images confirm the existence at the north pole of extensive layered deposits largely covered over with deposits of perennial ice. An unconformity within the layered deposits suggests a complex history of climate change during their time of deposition. A pole-girdling accumulation of dunes composed of very dark materials is revealed for the first time by the Viking cameras. The entire region is devoid of fresh impact craters. Rapid rates of erosion or deposition are implied. A scenario for polar geological evolution, involving two types of climate change, is proposed.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/science.194.4271.1329","usgsCitation":"Cutts, J., Blasius, K., Briggs, G., Carr, M.H., Greeley, R., and Masursky, H., 1974, North polar region of Mars: Imaging results from Viking 2: Science, v. 194, no. 4271, p. 1329-1337, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.194.4271.1329.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1329","endPage":"1337","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"194","issue":"4271","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cutts, J.A.","contributorId":56790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cutts","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blasius, K.R.","contributorId":96155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blasius","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Briggs, G.A.","contributorId":34242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carr, M. H.","contributorId":84727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carr","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":788352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Greeley, Ronald","contributorId":20833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greeley","given":"Ronald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Masursky, Harold","contributorId":94304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masursky","given":"Harold","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70209868,"text":"70209868 - 1974 - Debris flows originating from soil slips during rainstorms in Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-01T19:07:54.411568","indexId":"70209868","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T14:00:05","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5950,"text":"Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Debris flows originating from soil slips during rainstorms in Southern California","docAbstract":"Debris flows generated during rainstorms present a greater risk of death and injury to southern California residents than all other kinds of slope failure combined. During the years 1962-1971, twenty-three people in the greater Los Angeles area died from being buried or struck by debris flows, all of which probably originated as soil slips. Soil slips and debris flows are recurring major natural geomorphological processes in the region.
Soil slips are reconstituted into debris flows when the initial movement (sliding failure) of slabs of soil and wedges of ravine fill causes remoulding of the saturated moving mass into viscous, debris-laden mud, which then flows down available drainage courses. This change of state results in a marked reduction in resistance to shear, permitting masses to accelerate down the same slopes on which, only moments earlier, the slabs of soil mantle had barely overcome the resistance to sliding. Many flows reach avalanche speeds and do not begin to deposit significant amounts of detritus until they reach lower gradients far from their sources. The deposits form steep ‘alluvial’ fans at the mouths of short, steep drainage basins tributary to broad valleys, and form debris trains in and along narrow trunk canyons below the mouths of short, steep tributaries.
The exceptional storm period of January 18th to 26th, 1969, was accompanied by thousands of soil slips and provided an unusual opportunity to determine the times of occurrence of numerous debris flows, establish their origin from soil slips, and compare the times of those events with rainfall records from an extensive network of continuously recording rain gauges and a sequential set of radar weather maps. An empirical association between soil slips and rainfall suggests that a 10 inch antecedent rainfall is required to bring most of the colluvial soil of the area to field capacity, and 0.25 inch-per-hour is the minimum rate at which surface infiltration exceeds subsoil drainage for most of the colluvial soils of the area so that pore pressures are raised in a zone above the less permeable parent materials. Soil moisture of this level also appears to be sufficient so that most of the colluvial soils of the area will become at least partly liquid when disturbed.
The Wrightwood area in the San Gabriel Mountains of southern California is known as a site of recurring mudflow activity. The community of Wrightwood is built on the coalesced fans of Sheep, Acorn and Heath Creeks, and the fan deposits are probably chiefly of mudflow origin. Historically, mudflows there have been observed in association with three climatic conditions: (1) short period of high-intensity rainfall during the summer dry season (thunderstorms); (2) periods of heavy rainfall during the October-March winter season, when most of the year's rain and snow fall; and (3) thaw of the winter snow pack. The mudflow activity associated with heavy rainfall has generally been of only a few hours or at most a few days duration. Mudflow activity associated with spring thaw has been of longer duration, as much as several weeks. At various times in the past, mudflows generated by all three conditions have inundated homes and highways in the Wrightwood area, which is now defended by a flood control levee system.
During May and June, 1969 the rapid melting of a heavy snow pack resulted in a 40-day period of mudflow activity in Heath Creek. All flows originated in the steep upper reaches of Heath Creek, where steep ravines are incised in the toe of a large active landslide. Direct observation by the authors showed that flows formed when small masses of debris fell or slid from the surface of the landslide mass into the steep channel. Some of the masses were fluid enough to continue downstream without interruption; others stopped in the channel until remobilized by added melt water or the passage of a mudflow from a higher altitude. Both processes resulted in discrete ‘slugs’ which continued down the steep ravine, through an allu-viated canyon, to a fan where most of the debris was deposited.
The activity may be described as a spring mudflow cycle, within which three stages were observed in a gradational sequence. A waxing stage began with sporadic short-duration mudflows, during which the lower alluviated canyon floor of Heath Creek was aggraded. A climactic stage of larger mudflows at more frequent intervals and of longer duration was characterized by the incision of a single, narrow, U-shaped channel in the alluviated canyon floor, and transportation of debris as much as 2 miles (3.2 km) from the source. A waning stage followed as meltwater supply decreased; short-duration flows backfilled the U-shaped channel and spilled over the banks, again aggrading the alluviated canyon floor.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society Publishing House","doi":"10.1144/GSL.QJEG.1974.007.04.09","usgsCitation":"Morton, D.M., and Campbell, R.H., 1974, Spring mudflows at Wrightwood, Southern California: Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, v. 7, no. 4, p. 377-384, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.QJEG.1974.007.04.09.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"377","endPage":"384","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374433,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Wrightwood","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.69927978515624,\n 34.31168124115256\n ],\n [\n -117.5537109375,\n 34.31168124115256\n ],\n [\n -117.5537109375,\n 34.40464357107094\n ],\n [\n -117.69927978515624,\n 34.40464357107094\n ],\n [\n -117.69927978515624,\n 34.31168124115256\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, D. M.","contributorId":54608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, R. H.","contributorId":52160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209866,"text":"70209866 - 1974 - Preparation and use of isopleth maps of landslide deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-31T14:09:23.561958","indexId":"70209866","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T13:22:45","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preparation and use of isopleth maps of landslide deposits","docAbstract":"Isopleth maps derived from landslide inventory maps generalize and quantify the areal distribution of landslide deposits in contour form and may be uniquely useful for some types of regional planning. The isopleth format permits incorporation of landslide information with other quantified map data in the preparation of slope stability maps. The isopleth map of landslide deposits in San Mateo County, California (scale 1:300,000), serves as an example of this technique.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1974)2<483:PAUOIM>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Wright, R.H., Campbell, R., and Nilsen, T., 1974, Preparation and use of isopleth maps of landslide deposits: Geology, v. 2, no. 10, p. 483-485, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1974)2<483:PAUOIM>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"483","endPage":"485","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Mateo County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":225,\"properties\":{\"name\":\"San Mateo\",\"state\":\"CA\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.392,37.7042],[-122.392,37.7006],[-122.392,37.7003],[-122.391,37.6956],[-122.391,37.6953],[-122.389,37.6875],[-122.389,37.6842],[-122.388,37.6839],[-122.388,37.6803],[-122.388,37.6803],[-122.383,37.6778],[-122.383,37.6775],[-122.38,37.6778],[-122.38,37.6775],[-122.379,37.6722],[-122.379,37.6714],[-122.384,37.6714],[-122.385,37.6717],[-122.386,37.6717],[-122.386,37.6714],[-122.389,37.6681],[-122.39,37.6681],[-122.392,37.6673],[-122.392,37.6666],[-122.39,37.6661],[-122.38,37.665],[-122.375,37.6642],[-122.374,37.6611],[-122.378,37.6611],[-122.379,37.6594],[-122.377,37.6578],[-122.378,37.651],[-122.379,37.6508],[-122.38,37.6483],[-122.381,37.6478],[-122.383,37.6475],[-122.385,37.6475],[-122.385,37.6472],[-122.391,37.6442],[-122.389,37.6396],[-122.383,37.6394],[-122.382,37.6351],[-122.384,37.6349],[-122.389,37.6328],[-122.389,37.6319],[-122.389,37.6314],[-122.387,37.6297],[-122.377,37.6294],[-122.369,37.6277],[-122.368,37.628],[-122.368,37.6211],[-122.367,37.6206],[-122.366,37.6207],[-122.363,37.6186],[-122.363,37.6186],[-122.355,37.6142],[-122.356,37.6119],[-122.357,37.6114],[-122.358,37.6103],[-122.36,37.6095],[-122.362,37.6099],[-122.364,37.6108],[-122.376,37.6058],[-122.375,37.6047],[-122.368,37.6011],[-122.368,37.6011],[-122.365,37.599],[-122.361,37.5929],[-122.358,37.5923],[-122.34,37.5922],[-122.339,37.5923],[-122.334,37.5913],[-122.334,37.5906],[-122.334,37.5889],[-122.334,37.5883],[-122.331,37.5878],[-122.331,37.5881],[-122.327,37.5897],[-122.326,37.5897],[-122.32,37.5915],[-122.312,37.5808],[-122.311,37.5794],[-122.307,37.5761],[-122.306,37.5761],[-122.3,37.5756],[-122.299,37.5755],[-122.296,37.5717],[-122.288,37.5713],[-122.285,37.5755],[-122.281,37.5742],[-122.278,37.5717],[-122.277,37.5715],[-122.257,37.5708],[-122.254,37.5686],[-122.251,37.5662],[-122.245,37.5573],[-122.244,37.5525],[-122.241,37.5528],[-122.241,37.5525],[-122.237,37.5522],[-122.234,37.5528],[-122.232,37.5528],[-122.232,37.5525],[-122.23,37.5519],[-122.229,37.5511],[-122.229,37.5394],[-122.233,37.5344],[-122.245,37.5269],[-122.246,37.5253],[-122.246,37.5239],[-122.247,37.5236],[-122.248,37.5092],[-122.245,37.5094],[-122.244,37.5106],[-122.245,37.5111],[-122.245,37.5231],[-122.228,37.5389],[-122.226,37.5422],[-122.214,37.5398],[-122.214,37.5406],[-122.212,37.5404],[-122.211,37.5406],[-122.207,37.5397],[-122.206,37.5397],[-122.204,37.54],[-122.201,37.5393],[-122.195,37.5347],[-122.194,37.5331],[-122.195,37.5328],[-122.196,37.5308],[-122.2,37.5269],[-122.206,37.5236],[-122.208,37.5202],[-122.214,37.5102],[-122.217,37.5056],[-122.213,37.5058],[-122.212,37.5068],[-122.212,37.5078],[-122.212,37.511],[-122.206,37.5164],[-122.204,37.5178],[-122.202,37.5161],[-122.201,37.5161],[-122.2,37.5156],[-122.2,37.5094],[-122.2,37.5081],[-122.194,37.5067],[-122.194,37.5058],[-122.195,37.5058],[-122.196,37.5036],[-122.196,37.5022],[-122.196,37.5019],[-122.197,37.5008],[-122.198,37.4978],[-122.199,37.4986],[-122.199,37.4989],[-122.202,37.5031],[-122.202,37.5033],[-122.201,37.5064],[-122.203,37.5078],[-122.203,37.5075],[-122.205,37.5081],[-122.206,37.5089],[-122.207,37.5097],[-122.209,37.5061],[-122.205,37.5],[-122.207,37.5],[-122.208,37.5],[-122.211,37.4986],[-122.211,37.4982],[-122.212,37.4933],[-122.211,37.4919],[-122.205,37.4903],[-122.205,37.49],[-122.203,37.4897],[-122.203,37.4894],[-122.199,37.4903],[-122.196,37.4889],[-122.196,37.4892],[-122.192,37.4908],[-122.19,37.4892],[-122.189,37.4892],[-122.185,37.4886],[-122.185,37.4889],[-122.183,37.4889],[-122.183,37.4886],[-122.181,37.4975],[-122.179,37.4994],[-122.179,37.4997],[-122.179,37.5019],[-122.178,37.5036],[-122.177,37.5039],[-122.181,37.5053],[-122.181,37.5056],[-122.183,37.5056],[-122.191,37.5031],[-122.192,37.5042],[-122.193,37.5058],[-122.188,37.5106],[-122.188,37.5125],[-122.188,37.5128],[-122.194,37.5164],[-122.196,37.5165],[-122.198,37.5164],[-122.198,37.5167],[-122.201,37.5172],[-122.202,37.5186],[-122.203,37.5186],[-122.203,37.5219],[-122.199,37.5233],[-122.199,37.5236],[-122.196,37.5237],[-122.194,37.5222],[-122.191,37.5203],[-122.188,37.5181],[-122.184,37.5196],[-122.177,37.51],[-122.177,37.51],[-122.173,37.5072],[-122.17,37.5058],[-122.169,37.5053],[-122.166,37.5019],[-122.168,37.4958],[-122.168,37.4903],[-122.169,37.4897],[-122.173,37.4894],[-122.173,37.4889],[-122.171,37.485],[-122.171,37.485],[-122.154,37.4825],[-122.154,37.4828],[-122.152,37.4856],[-122.152,37.4858],[-122.151,37.4872],[-122.149,37.4875],[-122.148,37.4872],[-122.144,37.4875],[-122.144,37.4878],[-122.146,37.4906],[-122.152,37.4894],[-122.155,37.4919],[-122.153,37.4975],[-122.144,37.4922],[-122.144,37.4919],[-122.139,37.4917],[-122.14,37.493],[-122.14,37.4939],[-122.136,37.4917],[-122.136,37.4917],[-122.139,37.4894],[-122.141,37.4861],[-122.132,37.4872],[-122.127,37.49],[-122.125,37.4885],[-122.124,37.486],[-122.124,37.4836],[-122.123,37.4771],[-122.122,37.4775],[-122.121,37.4772],[-122.122,37.4752],[-122.123,37.4746],[-122.123,37.4733],[-122.123,37.4726],[-122.117,37.4653],[-122.116,37.4653],[-122.114,37.4647],[-122.113,37.4642],[-122.108,37.4622],[-122.107,37.4622],[-122.101,37.4613],[-122.101,37.4603],[-122.103,37.4564],[-122.11,37.458],[-122.111,37.4535],[-122.119,37.4524],[-122.127,37.4527],[-122.131,37.4526],[-122.135,37.4543],[-122.137,37.4543],[-122.139,37.4547],[-122.144,37.4564],[-122.146,37.4573],[-122.149,37.4567],[-122.152,37.4571],[-122.154,37.4566],[-122.157,37.4552],[-122.159,37.4551],[-122.162,37.4546],[-122.166,37.4532],[-122.17,37.4481],[-122.177,37.4425],[-122.18,37.4411],[-122.182,37.4392],[-122.185,37.4351],[-122.189,37.4314],[-122.19,37.4295],[-122.19,37.4282],[-122.189,37.4259],[-122.189,37.425],[-122.189,37.4227],[-122.191,37.42],[-122.19,37.4187],[-122.189,37.4155],[-122.192,37.4086],[-122.189,37.4023],[-122.189,37.3973],[-122.186,37.3888],[-122.193,37.3778],[-122.199,37.3726],[-122.202,37.3658],[-122.2,37.3586],[-122.192,37.3442],[-122.181,37.334],[-122.176,37.3283],[-122.183,37.3245],[-122.189,37.3193],[-122.186,37.3099],[-122.168,37.3135],[-122.161,37.3077],[-122.162,37.3036],[-122.167,37.2953],[-122.155,37.292],[-122.152,37.2862],[-122.152,37.2281],[-122.154,37.2163],[-122.245,37.217],[-122.246,37.1911],[-122.263,37.1912],[-122.281,37.188],[-122.321,37.1876],[-122.313,37.1496],[-122.291,37.1148],[-122.295,37.1084],[-122.295,37.1083],[-122.299,37.1108],[-122.3,37.1119],[-122.301,37.1119],[-122.301,37.1125],[-122.303,37.1139],[-122.305,37.1147],[-122.311,37.1175],[-122.312,37.1175],[-122.314,37.118],[-122.315,37.1176],[-122.314,37.1169],[-122.316,37.1161],[-122.317,37.1169],[-122.321,37.1158],[-122.322,37.1158],[-122.323,37.1153],[-122.326,37.1131],[-122.327,37.1131],[-122.33,37.1133],[-122.335,37.1178],[-122.335,37.1175],[-122.337,37.1289],[-122.338,37.1339],[-122.338,37.1342],[-122.339,37.1367],[-122.34,37.1378],[-122.342,37.14],[-122.343,37.14],[-122.344,37.1431],[-122.344,37.1433],[-122.347,37.145],[-122.348,37.1456],[-122.351,37.1453],[-122.352,37.1461],[-122.356,37.1486],[-122.36,37.1492],[-122.36,37.1505],[-122.36,37.1519],[-122.359,37.1544],[-122.364,37.1667],[-122.365,37.1686],[-122.366,37.1697],[-122.366,37.1703],[-122.367,37.1717],[-122.37,37.1731],[-122.372,37.175],[-122.372,37.1753],[-122.377,37.1797],[-122.378,37.1797],[-122.381,37.1814],[-122.383,37.1822],[-122.384,37.1822],[-122.386,37.1828],[-122.389,37.1832],[-122.395,37.1808],[-122.397,37.1861],[-122.398,37.1906],[-122.398,37.1911],[-122.404,37.195],[-122.404,37.1953],[-122.405,37.2],[-122.405,37.2003],[-122.405,37.2022],[-122.406,37.2047],[-122.406,37.205],[-122.407,37.2061],[-122.408,37.2108],[-122.408,37.2114],[-122.408,37.2128],[-122.409,37.2139],[-122.408,37.2167],[-122.408,37.2172],[-122.408,37.2192],[-122.41,37.2216],[-122.41,37.2228],[-122.411,37.2236],[-122.411,37.2247],[-122.41,37.2256],[-122.414,37.2317],[-122.415,37.2322],[-122.417,37.2367],[-122.419,37.2397],[-122.419,37.2447],[-122.419,37.245],[-122.419,37.2478],[-122.419,37.2481],[-122.419,37.2494],[-122.417,37.2536],[-122.416,37.2542],[-122.415,37.2569],[-122.414,37.2602],[-122.414,37.2606],[-122.414,37.2619],[-122.414,37.2632],[-122.414,37.265],[-122.413,37.2672],[-122.413,37.2675],[-122.411,37.2725],[-122.409,37.2831],[-122.409,37.2833],[-122.409,37.2856],[-122.408,37.2858],[-122.408,37.2897],[-122.408,37.29],[-122.408,37.2958],[-122.407,37.2961],[-122.406,37.2981],[-122.406,37.2989],[-122.406,37.2994],[-122.406,37.3003],[-122.406,37.3058],[-122.406,37.3061],[-122.405,37.3119],[-122.405,37.3122],[-122.405,37.3156],[-122.404,37.3158],[-122.404,37.3181],[-122.404,37.3183],[-122.403,37.3214],[-122.403,37.3217],[-122.404,37.3231],[-122.404,37.3247],[-122.404,37.325],[-122.403,37.328],[-122.403,37.3322],[-122.402,37.3325],[-122.402,37.3344],[-122.402,37.3347],[-122.401,37.3372],[-122.401,37.3397],[-122.401,37.34],[-122.401,37.3442],[-122.402,37.3444],[-122.402,37.3469],[-122.402,37.3474],[-122.401,37.3506],[-122.407,37.3624],[-122.407,37.363],[-122.409,37.3675],[-122.409,37.3761],[-122.41,37.3786],[-122.411,37.3792],[-122.413,37.3789],[-122.415,37.3794],[-122.415,37.38],[-122.417,37.3856],[-122.418,37.3856],[-122.419,37.3881],[-122.42,37.3889],[-122.422,37.3903],[-122.422,37.3942],[-122.423,37.3982],[-122.423,37.3989],[-122.427,37.4039],[-122.427,37.4039],[-122.427,37.4056],[-122.428,37.4058],[-122.433,37.415],[-122.434,37.415],[-122.434,37.4161],[-122.435,37.4189],[-122.436,37.4203],[-122.437,37.4228],[-122.437,37.4233],[-122.438,37.4269],[-122.439,37.4278],[-122.439,37.4286],[-122.444,37.4439],[-122.444,37.4442],[-122.445,37.4458],[-122.445,37.4536],[-122.445,37.4539],[-122.445,37.4575],[-122.445,37.4578],[-122.445,37.46],[-122.446,37.4603],[-122.447,37.4672],[-122.447,37.4678],[-122.447,37.4686],[-122.454,37.4864],[-122.455,37.4867],[-122.459,37.4914],[-122.463,37.495],[-122.464,37.4958],[-122.466,37.4981],[-122.469,37.4994],[-122.471,37.5008],[-122.478,37.4969],[-122.481,37.4958],[-122.476,37.5019],[-122.476,37.5019],[-122.48,37.5025],[-122.48,37.5019],[-122.486,37.5019],[-122.487,37.5028],[-122.492,37.4939],[-122.486,37.4944],[-122.485,37.4944],[-122.492,37.4928],[-122.496,37.495],[-122.498,37.495],[-122.499,37.4947],[-122.499,37.5008],[-122.501,37.5039],[-122.518,37.5275],[-122.518,37.5286],[-122.519,37.5336],[-122.514,37.55],[-122.514,37.5519],[-122.514,37.5556],[-122.516,37.5575],[-122.516,37.5578],[-122.514,37.5639],[-122.515,37.5669],[-122.516,37.5669],[-122.519,37.5675],[-122.517,37.5692],[-122.518,37.5717],[-122.519,37.5764],[-122.518,37.5836],[-122.518,37.5839],[-122.52,37.5925],[-122.515,37.5961],[-122.515,37.5968],[-122.51,37.5967],[-122.505,37.5964],[-122.505,37.5972],[-122.504,37.5972],[-122.502,37.5986],[-122.5,37.6014],[-122.5,37.6036],[-122.5,37.6042],[-122.502,37.6056],[-122.501,37.6083],[-122.498,37.6083],[-122.497,37.6106],[-122.499,37.6136],[-122.499,37.6139],[-122.497,37.6172],[-122.499,37.6197],[-122.499,37.62],[-122.496,37.6217],[-122.495,37.6267],[-122.495,37.6269],[-122.494,37.6317],[-122.494,37.6358],[-122.495,37.6378],[-122.495,37.6392],[-122.495,37.6389],[-122.494,37.6461],[-122.494,37.6514],[-122.494,37.6517],[-122.494,37.6539],[-122.494,37.6589],[-122.494,37.6592],[-122.495,37.6642],[-122.497,37.6689],[-122.496,37.6692],[-122.496,37.6708],[-122.497,37.6711],[-122.496,37.6781],[-122.496,37.6783],[-122.496,37.6833],[-122.497,37.6836],[-122.497,37.6878],[-122.498,37.6881],[-122.498,37.6917],[-122.498,37.6919],[-122.5,37.7011],[-122.501,37.7014],[-122.501,37.7031],[-122.393,37.7079],[-122.393,37.7074],[-122.393,37.7069],[-122.392,37.7042]]],[[[-122.3368,37.1088],[-122.3366,37.1086],[-122.3358,37.1086],[-122.3354,37.1084],[-122.3353,37.108],[-122.3352,37.1078],[-122.3351,37.1075],[-122.3351,37.1074],[-122.3352,37.1072],[-122.3357,37.1072],[-122.3358,37.1073],[-122.3361,37.1074],[-122.3365,37.1075],[-122.3366,37.1075],[-122.3371,37.1074],[-122.3374,37.1076],[-122.3374,37.108],[-122.3374,37.1083],[-122.3376,37.1085],[-122.3378,37.1086],[-122.3382,37.1086],[-122.3384,37.1087],[-122.3386,37.1087],[-122.3388,37.1089],[-122.3387,37.1092],[-122.3383,37.1093],[-122.338,37.1094],[-122.3374,37.1092],[-122.3372,37.1091],[-122.337,37.1089],[-122.3368,37.1088]]]]}}]}","volume":"2","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Robert H.","contributorId":69180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, Russell H.","contributorId":91074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Russell H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nilsen, Tor H.","contributorId":100016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nilsen","given":"Tor H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":788334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70007025,"text":"70007025 - 1974 - Toxicity of formalin, malachite green, and the mixture to four life stages of rainbow trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-09-06T01:02:24","indexId":"70007025","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T13:18:00","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":21,"text":"Thesis"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":28,"text":"Thesis"},"title":"Toxicity of formalin, malachite green, and the mixture to four life stages of rainbow trout","docAbstract":"Formalin, malachite green, or a mixture of them are utilized in fish culture for control of external parasites of fish and control of fungus on fish and fish eggs. Very little information is available concerning the toxicity of these compounds to fish under laboratory test conditions or the differences in sensitivity to these chemicals at various life stages. This study was designed to 1) determine the toxicity of formalin, malachite green and the mixture to four life stages of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) under various laboratory test conditions, 2) determine the degradation of formalin and malachite green in water, 3) determine the effect of additive toxicity, and 4) determine the differences in sensitivity of two different lots of eggs to the chemicals. The 96-hour LC50 (lethal concentration required to produce 50% mortality) for formalin against rainbow trout in soft water ranged from 580 micrograms/liter for the eyed egg stage to 134 micrograms/liter for the fingerling stage. The 96-hour LC50 for malachite green against rainbow trout in soft water ranged from 2.00 mg/L for the eyed egg stage to 0.0224 mg/L for the fingerling stage. The additive indices for formalin and malachite green when applied in combination show strictly additive toxicity as the ranges overlap zero in all tests. Deactivation indices for formalin and malachite green show essentially no change in toxicity of the solutions to rainbow trout when aged for periods of 1, 2, and 3 weeks.","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin-La Crosse","publisherLocation":"La Crosse, WI","collaboration":"Submitted for a Master of Science in Biology","usgsCitation":"Bills, T.D., Advised by: Hosler, C.F., Cumming, K.B., Nord, R.P., and Senff, R.E., 1974, Toxicity of formalin, malachite green, and the mixture to four life stages of rainbow trout, 41 p.","productDescription":"41 p.","numberOfPages":"41","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":260181,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://minds.wisconsin.edu/handle/1793/48163","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb600e4b08c986b3269d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bills, Terry D.","contributorId":30939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bills","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Advised by: Hosler, Charles F. Jr.","contributorId":66531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Advised by: Hosler","given":"Charles","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cumming, Kenneth B.","contributorId":24309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cumming","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nord, Richard P.","contributorId":19021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nord","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Senff, Robert E.","contributorId":23802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senff","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":355692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70232454,"text":"70232454 - 1974 - Some aspects of aquatic insect populations of pools and riffles in gravel bed streams in western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-04T17:56:29.718806","indexId":"70232454","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T11:55:53","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some aspects of aquatic insect populations of pools and riffles in gravel bed streams in western United States","docAbstract":"Relationships were studied between aquatic-insect populations on rocks of different sizes and variations of populations between different stream localities. All aquatic insects were counted and identified on streambed gravels and cobbles chosen at random from four rivers on three to four types of locations ranging from riffles to pools. The measurements used span 3 to 4 months in 1 year. Insect density (number of insects per unit of rock area) was determined to be a function of rock size. Highest insect densities occurred on rocks between 45 and 90 mm mean diameter, with larger and smaller rocks having lower insect densities. The insect population differed significantly with location within a stream; that is, from pool to riffle, as well as by stream and season.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Lium, B.W., 1974, Some aspects of aquatic insect populations of pools and riffles in gravel bed streams in western United States: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 2, no. 3, p. 379-384.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"379","endPage":"384","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402865,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402864,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1974/vol2issue3/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-66.28243,18.51476],[-65.7713,18.42668],[-65.591,18.22803],[-65.84716,17.97591],[-66.59993,17.98182],[-67.18416,17.94655],[-67.24243,18.37446],[-67.10068,18.5206],[-66.28243,18.51476]]],[[[-155.54211,19.08348],[-155.68817,18.91619],[-155.93665,19.05939],[-155.90806,19.33888],[-156.07347,19.70294],[-156.02368,19.81422],[-155.85008,19.97729],[-155.91907,20.17395],[-155.86108,20.26721],[-155.78505,20.2487],[-155.40214,20.07975],[-155.22452,19.99302],[-155.06226,19.8591],[-154.80741,19.50871],[-154.83147,19.45328],[-155.22217,19.23972],[-155.54211,19.08348]]],[[[-156.07926,20.64397],[-156.41445,20.57241],[-156.58673,20.783],[-156.70167,20.8643],[-156.71055,20.92676],[-156.61258,21.01249],[-156.25711,20.91745],[-155.99566,20.76404],[-156.07926,20.64397]]],[[[-156.75824,21.17684],[-156.78933,21.06873],[-157.32521,21.09777],[-157.25027,21.21958],[-156.75824,21.17684]]],[[[-157.65283,21.32217],[-157.70703,21.26442],[-157.7786,21.27729],[-158.12667,21.31244],[-158.2538,21.53919],[-158.29265,21.57912],[-158.0252,21.71696],[-157.94161,21.65272],[-157.65283,21.32217]]],[[[-159.34512,21.982],[-159.46372,21.88299],[-159.80051,22.06533],[-159.74877,22.1382],[-159.5962,22.23618],[-159.36569,22.21494],[-159.34512,21.982]]],[[[-94.81758,49.38905],[-94.64,48.84],[-94.32914,48.67074],[-93.63087,48.60926],[-92.61,48.45],[-91.64,48.14],[-90.83,48.27],[-89.6,48.01],[-89.27292,48.01981],[-88.37811,48.30292],[-87.43979,47.94],[-86.46199,47.55334],[-85.65236,47.22022],[-84.87608,46.90008],[-84.77924,46.6371],[-84.54375,46.53868],[-84.6049,46.4396],[-84.3367,46.40877],[-84.14212,46.51223],[-84.09185,46.27542],[-83.89077,46.11693],[-83.61613,46.11693],[-83.46955,45.99469],[-83.59285,45.81689],[-82.55092,45.34752],[-82.33776,44.44],[-82.13764,43.57109],[-82.43,42.98],[-82.9,42.43],[-83.12,42.08],[-83.142,41.97568],[-83.02981,41.8328],[-82.69009,41.67511],[-82.43928,41.67511],[-81.27775,42.20903],[-80.24745,42.3662],[-78.93936,42.86361],[-78.92,42.965],[-79.01,43.27],[-79.17167,43.46634],[-78.72028,43.62509],[-77.73789,43.62906],[-76.82003,43.62878],[-76.5,44.01846],[-76.375,44.09631],[-75.31821,44.81645],[-74.867,45.00048],[-73.34783,45.00738],[-71.50506,45.0082],[-71.405,45.255],[-71.08482,45.30524],[-70.66,45.46],[-70.305,45.915],[-69.99997,46.69307],[-69.23722,47.44778],[-68.905,47.185],[-68.23444,47.35486],[-67.79046,47.06636],[-67.79134,45.70281],[-67.13741,45.13753],[-66.96466,44.8097],[-68.03252,44.3252],[-69.06,43.98],[-70.11617,43.68405],[-70.64548,43.09024],[-70.81489,42.8653],[-70.825,42.335],[-70.495,41.805],[-70.08,41.78],[-70.185,42.145],[-69.88497,41.92283],[-69.96503,41.63717],[-70.64,41.475],[-71.12039,41.49445],[-71.86,41.32],[-72.295,41.27],[-72.87643,41.22065],[-73.71,40.9311],[-72.24126,41.11948],[-71.945,40.93],[-73.345,40.63],[-73.982,40.628],[-73.95232,40.75075],[-74.25671,40.47351],[-73.96244,40.42763],[-74.17838,39.70926],[-74.90604,38.93954],[-74.98041,39.1964],[-75.20002,39.24845],[-75.52805,39.4985],[-75.32,38.96],[-75.07183,38.78203],[-75.05673,38.40412],[-75.37747,38.01551],[-75.94023,37.21689],[-76.03127,37.2566],[-75.72205,37.93705],[-76.23287,38.31921],[-76.35,39.15],[-76.54272,38.71762],[-76.32933,38.08326],[-76.99,38.23999],[-76.30162,37.91794],[-76.25874,36.9664],[-75.9718,36.89726],[-75.86804,36.55125],[-75.72749,35.55074],[-76.36318,34.80854],[-77.39763,34.51201],[-78.05496,33.92547],[-78.55435,33.86133],[-79.06067,33.49395],[-79.20357,33.15839],[-80.30132,32.50935],[-80.86498,32.0333],[-81.33629,31.44049],[-81.49042,30.72999],[-81.31371,30.03552],[-80.98,29.18],[-80.53558,28.47213],[-80.53,28.04],[-80.05654,26.88],[-80.08801,26.20576],[-80.13156,25.81677],[-80.38103,25.20616],[-80.68,25.08],[-81.17213,25.20126],[-81.33,25.64],[-81.71,25.87],[-82.24,26.73],[-82.70515,27.49504],[-82.85526,27.88624],[-82.65,28.55],[-82.93,29.1],[-83.70959,29.93656],[-84.1,30.09],[-85.10882,29.63615],[-85.28784,29.68612],[-85.7731,30.15261],[-86.4,30.4],[-87.53036,30.27433],[-88.41782,30.3849],[-89.18049,30.31598],[-89.59383,30.15999],[-89.41373,29.89419],[-89.43,29.48864],[-89.21767,29.29108],[-89.40823,29.15961],[-89.77928,29.30714],[-90.15463,29.11743],[-90.88022,29.14854],[-91.62678,29.677],[-92.49906,29.5523],[-93.22637,29.78375],[-93.84842,29.71363],[-94.69,29.48],[-95.60026,28.73863],[-96.59404,28.30748],[-97.14,27.83],[-97.37,27.38],[-97.38,26.69],[-97.33,26.21],[-97.14,25.87],[-97.53,25.84],[-98.24,26.06],[-99.02,26.37],[-99.3,26.84],[-99.52,27.54],[-100.11,28.11],[-100.45584,28.69612],[-100.9576,29.38071],[-101.6624,29.7793],[-102.48,29.76],[-103.11,28.97],[-103.94,29.27],[-104.45697,29.57196],[-104.70575,30.12173],[-105.03737,30.64402],[-105.63159,31.08383],[-106.1429,31.39995],[-106.50759,31.75452],[-108.24,31.75485],[-108.24194,31.34222],[-109.035,31.34194],[-111.02361,31.33472],[-113.30498,32.03914],[-114.815,32.52528],[-114.72139,32.72083],[-115.99135,32.61239],[-117.12776,32.53534],[-117.29594,33.04622],[-117.944,33.62124],[-118.4106,33.74091],[-118.51989,34.02778],[-119.081,34.078],[-119.43884,34.34848],[-120.36778,34.44711],[-120.62286,34.60855],[-120.74433,35.15686],[-121.71457,36.16153],[-122.54747,37.55176],[-122.51201,37.78339],[-122.95319,38.11371],[-123.7272,38.95166],[-123.86517,39.76699],[-124.39807,40.3132],[-124.17886,41.14202],[-124.2137,41.99964],[-124.53284,42.76599],[-124.14214,43.70838],[-124.02053,44.6159],[-123.89893,45.52341],[-124.07963,46.86475],[-124.39567,47.72017],[-124.68721,48.18443],[-124.5661,48.37971],[-123.12,48.04],[-122.58736,47.096],[-122.34,47.36],[-122.5,48.18],[-122.84,49],[-120,49],[-117.03121,49],[-116.04818,49],[-113,49],[-110.05,49],[-107.05,49],[-104.04826,48.99986],[-100.65,49],[-97.22872,49.0007],[-95.15907,49],[-95.15609,49.38425],[-94.81758,49.38905]]],[[[-153.00631,57.11584],[-154.00509,56.73468],[-154.5164,56.99275],[-154.67099,57.4612],[-153.76278,57.81657],[-153.22873,57.96897],[-152.56479,57.90143],[-152.14115,57.59106],[-153.00631,57.11584]]],[[[-165.57916,59.90999],[-166.19277,59.75444],[-166.84834,59.94141],[-167.45528,60.21307],[-166.46779,60.38417],[-165.67443,60.29361],[-165.57916,59.90999]]],[[[-171.73166,63.78252],[-171.11443,63.59219],[-170.49111,63.69498],[-169.68251,63.43112],[-168.68944,63.29751],[-168.77194,63.1886],[-169.52944,62.97693],[-170.29056,63.19444],[-170.67139,63.37582],[-171.55306,63.31779],[-171.79111,63.40585],[-171.73166,63.78252]]],[[[-155.06779,71.14778],[-154.34417,70.69641],[-153.90001,70.88999],[-152.21001,70.82999],[-152.27,70.60001],[-150.73999,70.43002],[-149.72,70.53001],[-147.61336,70.21403],[-145.68999,70.12001],[-144.92001,69.98999],[-143.58945,70.15251],[-142.07251,69.85194],[-140.98599,69.712],[-140.9925,66.00003],[-140.99777,60.3064],[-140.013,60.27684],[-139.039,60.00001],[-138.34089,59.56211],[-137.4525,58.905],[-136.47972,59.46389],[-135.47583,59.78778],[-134.945,59.27056],[-134.27111,58.86111],[-133.35555,58.41029],[-132.73042,57.69289],[-131.70781,56.55212],[-130.00778,55.91583],[-129.97999,55.285],[-130.53611,54.80275],[-131.08582,55.17891],[-131.96721,55.49778],[-132.25001,56.37],[-133.53918,57.17889],[-134.07806,58.12307],[-135.03821,58.18771],[-136.62806,58.21221],[-137.80001,58.5],[-139.86779,59.53776],[-140.82527,59.72752],[-142.57444,60.08445],[-143.95888,59.99918],[-145.92556,60.45861],[-147.11437,60.88466],[-148.22431,60.67299],[-148.01807,59.97833],[-148.57082,59.91417],[-149.72786,59.70566],[-150.60824,59.36821],[-151.71639,59.15582],[-151.85943,59.74498],[-151.40972,60.7258],[-150.34694,61.03359],[-150.62111,61.28442],[-151.89584,60.7272],[-152.57833,60.06166],[-154.01917,59.35028],[-153.28751,58.86473],[-154.23249,58.14637],[-155.30749,57.72779],[-156.30833,57.42277],[-156.5561,56.97998],[-158.11722,56.46361],[-158.43332,55.99415],[-159.60333,55.56669],[-160.28972,55.64358],[-161.22305,55.36473],[-162.23777,55.02419],[-163.06945,54.68974],[-164.78557,54.40417],[-164.94223,54.57222],[-163.84834,55.03943],[-162.87,55.34804],[-161.80417,55.89499],[-160.5636,56.00805],[-160.07056,56.41806],[-158.68444,57.01668],[-158.4611,57.21692],[-157.72277,57.57],[-157.55027,58.32833],[-157.04167,58.91888],[-158.19473,58.6158],[-158.51722,58.78778],[-159.05861,58.42419],[-159.71167,58.93139],[-159.98129,58.57255],[-160.35527,59.07112],[-161.355,58.67084],[-161.96889,58.67166],[-162.05499,59.26693],[-161.87417,59.63362],[-162.51806,59.98972],[-163.81834,59.79806],[-164.66222,60.26748],[-165.34639,60.5075],[-165.35083,61.0739],[-166.12138,61.50002],[-165.73445,62.075],[-164.91918,62.63308],[-164.56251,63.14638],[-163.75333,63.21945],[-163.06722,63.05946],[-162.26056,63.54194],[-161.53445,63.45582],[-160.77251,63.76611],[-160.95834,64.2228],[-161.51807,64.40279],[-160.77778,64.7886],[-161.39193,64.77724],[-162.45305,64.55944],[-162.75779,64.33861],[-163.54639,64.55916],[-164.96083,64.44695],[-166.42529,64.68667],[-166.845,65.0889],[-168.11056,65.67],[-166.70527,66.08832],[-164.47471,66.57666],[-163.65251,66.57666],[-163.7886,66.07721],[-161.67777,66.11612],[-162.48971,66.73557],[-163.71972,67.11639],[-164.43099,67.61634],[-165.39029,68.04277],[-166.76444,68.35888],[-166.20471,68.88303],[-164.43081,68.91554],[-163.16861,69.37111],[-162.93057,69.85806],[-161.9089,70.33333],[-160.9348,70.44769],[-159.03918,70.89164],[-158.11972,70.82472],[-156.58082,71.35776],[-155.06779,71.14778]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"United States\"}}]}","volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lium, Bruce W.","contributorId":75907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lium","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70232453,"text":"70232453 - 1974 - The soil creep-curved tree fallacy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T16:53:26.396743","indexId":"70232453","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T11:51:48","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The soil creep-curved tree fallacy","docAbstract":"No evidence has been found in eastern deciduous forests to substantiate statements that curved tree trunks, downslope tilted tree trunks, and upslope trailing tree root systems are the result of soil creep. Curvature and tilting of trunks are described as geotropic and phototropic responses to physical and physiological conditions unrelated to soil creep. The occurrence of upslope trailing of roots has not been demonstrated.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Phipps, R.L., 1974, The soil creep-curved tree fallacy: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 2, no. 3, p. 371-377.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"371","endPage":"377","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402862,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1974/vol2issue3/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Phipps, Richard L.","contributorId":52122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phipps","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70232452,"text":"70232452 - 1974 - Occurrence of dissolved organic carbon in selected ground-water samples in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T16:50:55.1728","indexId":"70232452","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T11:45:54","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of dissolved organic carbon in selected ground-water samples in the United States","docAbstract":"A study of nonvolatile DOC (dissolved organic carbon) in ground water was conducted to establish base levels of naturally occurring dissolved organic materials. Samples of ground water were obtained at 100 sites in 27 States. Samples were pressure filtered at the time of collection and immediately frozen on dry ice. DOC concentrations were determined by wet oxidation of organic carbon to carbon dioxide which was measured by an infrared analyzer. The DOC concentrations ranged from less than the 0.1 mg/l limit of detection to 15 mg/l. Concentrations of DOC were directly correlated with specific conductance and alkalinity, but did not correlate with pH. The DOC mean concentration was 1.2 mg/l; however, the DOC median value was lower at 0.7 mg/l. Differences in DOC concentration for various types of consolidated rock aquifers were slight; for example, median DOC values for sandstone, limestone, and crystalline rock aquifer types ranged from 0.5 to 0.7 mg/l. No difference was found in the median DOC concentration between shallow (<200 ft; 61 m) and deep (>200 ft) sand and gravel aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Leenheer, J., Malcolm, R., McKinley, P.W., and Eccles, L.A., 1974, Occurrence of dissolved organic carbon in selected ground-water samples in the United States: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 2, no. 3, p. 361-369.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"369","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402860,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1974/vol2issue3/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"MultiPolygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ],\n [\n -94.64,\n 48.84\n ],\n [\n -94.32914,\n 48.67074\n ],\n [\n -93.63087,\n 48.60926\n ],\n [\n -92.61,\n 48.45\n ],\n [\n -91.64,\n 48.14\n ],\n [\n -90.83,\n 48.27\n ],\n [\n -89.6,\n 48.01\n ],\n [\n -89.27292,\n 48.01981\n ],\n [\n -88.37811,\n 48.30292\n ],\n [\n -87.43979,\n 47.94\n ],\n [\n -86.46199,\n 47.55334\n ],\n [\n -85.65236,\n 47.22022\n ],\n [\n -84.87608,\n 46.90008\n ],\n [\n -84.77924,\n 46.6371\n ],\n [\n -84.54375,\n 46.53868\n ],\n [\n -84.6049,\n 46.4396\n ],\n [\n -84.3367,\n 46.40877\n ],\n [\n -84.14212,\n 46.51223\n ],\n [\n -84.09185,\n 46.27542\n ],\n [\n -83.89077,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.61613,\n 46.11693\n ],\n [\n -83.46955,\n 45.99469\n ],\n [\n -83.59285,\n 45.81689\n ],\n [\n -82.55092,\n 45.34752\n ],\n [\n -82.33776,\n 44.44\n ],\n [\n -82.13764,\n 43.57109\n ],\n [\n -82.43,\n 42.98\n ],\n [\n -82.9,\n 42.43\n ],\n [\n -83.12,\n 42.08\n ],\n [\n -83.142,\n 41.97568\n ],\n [\n -83.02981,\n 41.8328\n ],\n [\n -82.69009,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -82.43928,\n 41.67511\n ],\n [\n -81.27775,\n 42.20903\n ],\n [\n -80.24745,\n 42.3662\n ],\n [\n -78.93936,\n 42.86361\n ],\n [\n -78.92,\n 42.965\n ],\n [\n -79.01,\n 43.27\n ],\n [\n -79.17167,\n 43.46634\n ],\n [\n -78.72028,\n 43.62509\n ],\n [\n -77.73789,\n 43.62906\n ],\n [\n -76.82003,\n 43.62878\n ],\n [\n -76.5,\n 44.01846\n ],\n [\n -76.375,\n 44.09631\n ],\n [\n -75.31821,\n 44.81645\n ],\n [\n -74.867,\n 45.00048\n ],\n [\n -73.34783,\n 45.00738\n ],\n [\n -71.50506,\n 45.0082\n ],\n [\n -71.405,\n 45.255\n ],\n [\n -71.08482,\n 45.30524\n ],\n [\n -70.66,\n 45.46\n ],\n [\n -70.305,\n 45.915\n ],\n [\n -69.99997,\n 46.69307\n ],\n [\n -69.23722,\n 47.44778\n ],\n [\n -68.905,\n 47.185\n ],\n [\n -68.23444,\n 47.35486\n ],\n [\n -67.79046,\n 47.06636\n ],\n [\n -67.79134,\n 45.70281\n ],\n [\n -67.13741,\n 45.13753\n ],\n [\n -66.96466,\n 44.8097\n ],\n [\n -68.03252,\n 44.3252\n ],\n [\n -69.06,\n 43.98\n ],\n [\n -70.11617,\n 43.68405\n ],\n [\n -70.64548,\n 43.09024\n ],\n [\n -70.81489,\n 42.8653\n ],\n [\n -70.825,\n 42.335\n ],\n [\n -70.495,\n 41.805\n ],\n [\n -70.08,\n 41.78\n ],\n [\n -70.185,\n 42.145\n ],\n [\n -69.88497,\n 41.92283\n ],\n [\n -69.96503,\n 41.63717\n ],\n [\n -70.64,\n 41.475\n ],\n [\n -71.12039,\n 41.49445\n ],\n [\n -71.86,\n 41.32\n ],\n [\n -72.295,\n 41.27\n ],\n [\n -72.87643,\n 41.22065\n ],\n [\n -73.71,\n 40.9311\n ],\n [\n -72.24126,\n 41.11948\n ],\n [\n -71.945,\n 40.93\n ],\n [\n -73.345,\n 40.63\n ],\n [\n -73.982,\n 40.628\n ],\n [\n -73.95232,\n 40.75075\n ],\n [\n -74.25671,\n 40.47351\n ],\n [\n -73.96244,\n 40.42763\n ],\n [\n -74.17838,\n 39.70926\n ],\n [\n -74.90604,\n 38.93954\n ],\n [\n -74.98041,\n 39.1964\n ],\n [\n -75.20002,\n 39.24845\n ],\n [\n -75.52805,\n 39.4985\n ],\n [\n -75.32,\n 38.96\n ],\n [\n -75.07183,\n 38.78203\n ],\n [\n -75.05673,\n 38.40412\n ],\n [\n -75.37747,\n 38.01551\n ],\n [\n -75.94023,\n 37.21689\n ],\n [\n -76.03127,\n 37.2566\n ],\n [\n -75.72205,\n 37.93705\n ],\n [\n -76.23287,\n 38.31921\n ],\n [\n -76.35,\n 39.15\n ],\n [\n -76.54272,\n 38.71762\n ],\n [\n -76.32933,\n 38.08326\n ],\n [\n -76.99,\n 38.23999\n ],\n [\n -76.30162,\n 37.91794\n ],\n [\n -76.25874,\n 36.9664\n ],\n [\n -75.9718,\n 36.89726\n ],\n [\n -75.86804,\n 36.55125\n ],\n [\n -75.72749,\n 35.55074\n ],\n [\n -76.36318,\n 34.80854\n ],\n [\n -77.39763,\n 34.51201\n ],\n [\n -78.05496,\n 33.92547\n ],\n [\n -78.55435,\n 33.86133\n ],\n [\n -79.06067,\n 33.49395\n ],\n [\n -79.20357,\n 33.15839\n ],\n [\n -80.30132,\n 32.50935\n ],\n [\n -80.86498,\n 32.0333\n ],\n [\n -81.33629,\n 31.44049\n ],\n [\n -81.49042,\n 30.72999\n ],\n [\n -81.31371,\n 30.03552\n ],\n [\n -80.98,\n 29.18\n ],\n [\n -80.53558,\n 28.47213\n ],\n [\n -80.53,\n 28.04\n ],\n [\n -80.05654,\n 26.88\n ],\n [\n -80.08801,\n 26.20576\n ],\n [\n -80.13156,\n 25.81677\n ],\n [\n -80.38103,\n 25.20616\n ],\n [\n -80.68,\n 25.08\n ],\n [\n -81.17213,\n 25.20126\n ],\n [\n -81.33,\n 25.64\n ],\n [\n -81.71,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -82.24,\n 26.73\n ],\n [\n -82.70515,\n 27.49504\n ],\n [\n -82.85526,\n 27.88624\n ],\n [\n -82.65,\n 28.55\n ],\n [\n -82.93,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -83.70959,\n 29.93656\n ],\n [\n -84.1,\n 30.09\n ],\n [\n -85.10882,\n 29.63615\n ],\n [\n -85.28784,\n 29.68612\n ],\n [\n -85.7731,\n 30.15261\n ],\n [\n -86.4,\n 30.4\n ],\n [\n -87.53036,\n 30.27433\n ],\n [\n -88.41782,\n 30.3849\n ],\n [\n -89.18049,\n 30.31598\n ],\n [\n -89.59383,\n 30.15999\n ],\n [\n -89.41373,\n 29.89419\n ],\n [\n -89.43,\n 29.48864\n ],\n [\n -89.21767,\n 29.29108\n ],\n [\n -89.40823,\n 29.15961\n ],\n [\n -89.77928,\n 29.30714\n ],\n [\n -90.15463,\n 29.11743\n ],\n [\n -90.88022,\n 29.14854\n ],\n [\n -91.62678,\n 29.677\n ],\n [\n -92.49906,\n 29.5523\n ],\n [\n -93.22637,\n 29.78375\n ],\n [\n -93.84842,\n 29.71363\n ],\n [\n -94.69,\n 29.48\n ],\n [\n -95.60026,\n 28.73863\n ],\n [\n -96.59404,\n 28.30748\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 27.83\n ],\n [\n -97.37,\n 27.38\n ],\n [\n -97.38,\n 26.69\n ],\n [\n -97.33,\n 26.21\n ],\n [\n -97.14,\n 25.87\n ],\n [\n -97.53,\n 25.84\n ],\n [\n -98.24,\n 26.06\n ],\n [\n -99.02,\n 26.37\n ],\n [\n -99.3,\n 26.84\n ],\n [\n -99.52,\n 27.54\n ],\n [\n -100.11,\n 28.11\n ],\n [\n -100.45584,\n 28.69612\n ],\n [\n -100.9576,\n 29.38071\n ],\n [\n -101.6624,\n 29.7793\n ],\n [\n -102.48,\n 29.76\n ],\n [\n -103.11,\n 28.97\n ],\n [\n -103.94,\n 29.27\n ],\n [\n -104.45697,\n 29.57196\n ],\n [\n -104.70575,\n 30.12173\n ],\n [\n -105.03737,\n 30.64402\n ],\n [\n -105.63159,\n 31.08383\n ],\n [\n -106.1429,\n 31.39995\n ],\n [\n -106.50759,\n 31.75452\n ],\n [\n -108.24,\n 31.75485\n ],\n [\n -108.24194,\n 31.34222\n ],\n [\n -109.035,\n 31.34194\n ],\n [\n -111.02361,\n 31.33472\n ],\n [\n -113.30498,\n 32.03914\n ],\n [\n -114.815,\n 32.52528\n ],\n [\n -114.72139,\n 32.72083\n ],\n [\n -115.99135,\n 32.61239\n ],\n [\n -117.12776,\n 32.53534\n ],\n [\n -117.29594,\n 33.04622\n ],\n [\n -117.944,\n 33.62124\n ],\n [\n -118.4106,\n 33.74091\n ],\n [\n -118.51989,\n 34.02778\n ],\n [\n -119.081,\n 34.078\n ],\n [\n -119.43884,\n 34.34848\n ],\n [\n -120.36778,\n 34.44711\n ],\n [\n -120.62286,\n 34.60855\n ],\n [\n -120.74433,\n 35.15686\n ],\n [\n -121.71457,\n 36.16153\n ],\n [\n -122.54747,\n 37.55176\n ],\n [\n -122.51201,\n 37.78339\n ],\n [\n -122.95319,\n 38.11371\n ],\n [\n -123.7272,\n 38.95166\n ],\n [\n -123.86517,\n 39.76699\n ],\n [\n -124.39807,\n 40.3132\n ],\n [\n -124.17886,\n 41.14202\n ],\n [\n -124.2137,\n 41.99964\n ],\n [\n -124.53284,\n 42.76599\n ],\n [\n -124.14214,\n 43.70838\n ],\n [\n -124.02053,\n 44.6159\n ],\n [\n -123.89893,\n 45.52341\n ],\n [\n -124.07963,\n 46.86475\n ],\n [\n -124.39567,\n 47.72017\n ],\n [\n -124.68721,\n 48.18443\n ],\n [\n -124.5661,\n 48.37971\n ],\n [\n -123.12,\n 48.04\n ],\n [\n -122.58736,\n 47.096\n ],\n [\n -122.34,\n 47.36\n ],\n [\n -122.5,\n 48.18\n ],\n [\n -122.84,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -117.03121,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -116.04818,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -113,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -110.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -107.05,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -104.04826,\n 48.99986\n ],\n [\n -100.65,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -97.22872,\n 49.0007\n ],\n [\n -95.15907,\n 49\n ],\n [\n -95.15609,\n 49.38425\n ],\n [\n -94.81758,\n 49.38905\n ]\n ]\n ]\n ]\n },\n \"properties\": {\n \"name\": \"United States\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leenheer, J. A.","contributorId":195371,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Malcolm, Ronald L.","contributorId":46075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malcolm","given":"Ronald L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKinley, P. W.","contributorId":16414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eccles, Lawrence A.","contributorId":90274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eccles","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70232451,"text":"70232451 - 1974 - Spectrophotometric determination of silica at high concentrations using fluoride as a depolymerizer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T16:44:31.475202","indexId":"70232451","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T11:40:12","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spectrophotometric determination of silica at high concentrations using fluoride as a depolymerizer","docAbstract":"Solutions containing in excess of 200μg/ml of silica form polymers which do not react with molybdate in the spectrophotometric determination of silica. Fluoride ions catalyze the depolymerization of silica so that precise spectrophotometric determinations of silica can be made, even when silica is present predominantly as polymers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Shapiro, L., 1974, Spectrophotometric determination of silica at high concentrations using fluoride as a depolymerizer: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 2, no. 3, p. 357-360.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"357","endPage":"360","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402859,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402858,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1974/vol2issue3/report.pdf"}],"volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shapiro, Leonard","contributorId":61406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Leonard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70232450,"text":"70232450 - 1974 - Spectrophotometric determination of niobium in rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T16:38:27.14624","indexId":"70232450","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T11:31:50","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spectrophotometric determination of niobium in rocks","docAbstract":"After acid decomposition and evaporation to volatilize silica, samples containing 0.5 6 μg Nb are fused with pyrosulfate and dissolved in hydrochloric acid tartaric acid. Niobium is separated by thiocyanate extraction with amyl alcohol and back-extracting from the organic solvent with dilute hydrofluoric acid. Niobium is reacted with 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol to obtain a colored species. Analytical error, estimated from replicate analyses of eight U.S. Geological Survey standard rocks, ranges from 2.9 to 6.4 percent at the 1 27 μg/g Nb level.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Greenland, L.P., and Campbell, E., 1974, Spectrophotometric determination of niobium in rocks: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 2, no. 3, p. 353-355.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"353","endPage":"355","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402856,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1974/vol2issue3/report.pdf"}],"volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greenland, L. Paul","contributorId":22488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greenland","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Paul","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campbell, E.Y.","contributorId":59803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"E.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70232449,"text":"70232449 - 1974 - Chemical variations across the Alaska-Aleutian Range batholith","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T16:30:09.738524","indexId":"70232449","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T11:19:22","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical variations across the Alaska-Aleutian Range batholith","docAbstract":"A study of 79 chemical analyses of plutonic rocks in the northern part of the Alaska-Aleutian Range batholith shows that K2O and SiO2 in Late Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks decrease toward the Pacific margin and that Al2O3 and CaO increase. Plots for Fe2O3, FeO, MgO, and TiO2 suggest a possible increase toward the Pacific margin; Na2O, H2O+, and MnO show no significant trends across the batholith. Oxide trends for groups of plutons in the western and eastern parts of the batholith in general are opposite that of the groups combined. For the Jurassic plutonic rocks, K2O may decrease toward the Pacific margin; other oxides show considerable scatter, and meaningful trends are not readily apparent. The oxide trends across the batholith are similar to trends across the central Sierra Nevada batholith of California, with the exception of SiO2 and A12O3, which show no significant changes. In the Coast Range batholith of British Columbia, potassium also increases away from the Pacific margin. The increase in K2O toward the continent in the Alaska-Aleutian Range batholith is similar to that found across Quaternary volcanic island arcs, where K2O content increases directly with increasing depth to inclined seismic zones. This increase suggests that generation of magma may have taken place along, or above, a paleoseismic zone. Geologic evidence supports such a model for the Jurassic plutonic rocks, which represent the roots of an early Mesozoic magmatic arc that probably formed above a descending oceanic plate. However, the hypothesis that magma for Late Cretaceous and Tertiary plutonic rocks was generated along seismic zones does not fit available geologic evidence, and an anatectic model cannot be ruled out.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Reed, B.L., and Lanphere, M.A., 1974, Chemical variations across the Alaska-Aleutian Range batholith: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 2, no. 3, p. 343-352.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"343","endPage":"352","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402855,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402854,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1974/vol2issue3/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.6650390625,\n 57.37393841871411\n ],\n [\n -148.3154296875,\n 57.37393841871411\n ],\n [\n -148.3154296875,\n 62.63376960786813\n ],\n [\n -156.6650390625,\n 62.63376960786813\n ],\n [\n -156.6650390625,\n 57.37393841871411\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reed, Bruce L.","contributorId":19928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lanphere, Marvin A. alder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lanphere","given":"Marvin","email":"alder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":845569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70232448,"text":"70232448 - 1974 - Thallium-bearing orpiment, Carlin gold deposit, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T16:18:27.558758","indexId":"70232448","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T11:07:59","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thallium-bearing orpiment, Carlin gold deposit, Nevada","docAbstract":"A variety of orpiment, As2S3 , containing a significant amount of thallium has been identified in the unoxidized East ore body of the Carlin gold deposit. The mineral occurs in small veinlets with barite, calcite, quartz, and realgar.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Radtke, A.S., Taylor, C.M., Dickson, F.W., and Heropoulos, C., 1974, Thallium-bearing orpiment, Carlin gold deposit, Nevada: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 2, no. 3, p. 341-342.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"341","endPage":"342","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402852,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1974/vol2issue3/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Eureka County","otherGeospatial":"Carlin gold deposit","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.55,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -116.2,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -116.2,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -116.55,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -116.55,\n 40.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Radtke, Arthur S.","contributorId":63795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Radtke","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Charles M.","contributorId":150037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dickson, F. W.","contributorId":292713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dickson","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heropoulos, Chris","contributorId":56214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heropoulos","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70232447,"text":"70232447 - 1974 - Coloradoite, acanthite, and jarosite from the Cripple Creek district, Teller County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T16:06:48.004944","indexId":"70232447","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T11:01:19","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coloradoite, acanthite, and jarosite from the Cripple Creek district, Teller County, Colorado","docAbstract":"Coloradoite (HgTe), acanthite (Ag2 S), and jarosite (KFe3(S04)2 (OH)6) have been identified in rocks from the Cripple Creek district, Colorado. Neither acanthite nor jarosite has previously been reported from this mining district. Although the occurrence of coloradoite was reported, its identification was never actually verified. The presence of acanthite may explain a discrepancy between the relative proportions of gold and silver as shown by mill reports and geochemical data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Hildebrand, F., and Gott, G.B., 1974, Coloradoite, acanthite, and jarosite from the Cripple Creek district, Teller County, Colorado: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 2, no. 3, p. 339-340.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"339","endPage":"340","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402846,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402845,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1974/vol2issue3/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Teller County","otherGeospatial":"Cripple Creek district","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.23735046386719,\n 38.6881896477867\n ],\n [\n -105.09452819824219,\n 38.6881896477867\n ],\n [\n -105.09452819824219,\n 38.79423249261199\n ],\n [\n -105.23735046386719,\n 38.79423249261199\n ],\n [\n -105.23735046386719,\n 38.6881896477867\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildebrand, Fred A.","contributorId":75012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildebrand","given":"Fred A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gott, Garland B.","contributorId":8837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gott","given":"Garland","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70232446,"text":"70232446 - 1974 - Paleozoic tectonics in the Edna Mountain quadrangle, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T16:00:25.444271","indexId":"70232446","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T10:52:48","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleozoic tectonics in the Edna Mountain quadrangle, Nevada","docAbstract":"Geologic mapping at scale 1:24,000 of the Edna Mountain 15-minute quadrangle, Humboldt County, Nev., revealed two episodes of pre-Mesozoic deformation that are difficult to reconcile with either the Antler or the Sonoma orogeny. We believe that the older episode predated the Antler orogeny and may be as old as Late Cambrian. The younger episode may have been more localized, predated the Sonoma orogeny, and was probably Late Pennsylvanian to Permian in age. Deformation related to Antler and Sonoma orogenies also occurred. These four episodes suggest that cycles of uplift, folding, faulting, and erosion began early in the development of the southern Cordillera and continued intermittently throughout Paleozoic time. West of the continental shelf was a broad subsiding basin marked by narrow troughs and elongate structural highs which emerged, matured, and diminished at different times. Waxing and waning deformation in various parts of the geosyncline acting upon local \"highs\" and troughs can explain the seemingly erratic distribution in north-central Nevada of different fades of time-correlative stratigraphic units and structural blocks of Paleozoic age. Telescoping of facies by thrust faulting certainly took place, but large displacements within brief periods are not essential to the validity of the explanation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Erickson, R.L., and Marsh, S.P., 1974, Paleozoic tectonics in the Edna Mountain quadrangle, Nevada: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 2, no. 3, p. 331-337.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"337","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402843,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1974/vol2issue3/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Humboldt County","otherGeospatial":"Edna Mountain quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.5,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -117.25,\n 41\n ],\n [\n -117.25,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -117.5,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -117.5,\n 41\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erickson, R. L.","contributorId":26318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erickson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marsh, S. P.","contributorId":292712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marsh","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70232444,"text":"70232444 - 1974 - The Border Ranges Fault in south-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T15:52:08.4651","indexId":"70232444","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T10:48:53","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Border Ranges Fault in south-central Alaska","docAbstract":"The Border Ranges fault, a major fault of southern Alaska, can be traced for more than 1,000 km arcuately eastward from Kodiak Island to the St. Elias Mountains. Throughout its extent, the fault juxtaposes upper Paleozoic and lower Mesozoic rocks on the north against upper Mesozoic and Tertiary rocks. This report describes the Border Ranges fault and its geologic setting along an approximately 245-km-long segment in the McCarthy and Valdez quadrangles. It also summarizes information relevant to other parts of the fault and discusses its significance and tectonic implications. In the McCarthy and Valdez quadrangles the fault strikes between N. 60° W. and west. Its dips change from vertical and steeply northward in its eastern part to between 20° and 60° north throughout most of the Valdez quadrangle and reflect the transition from a high-angle reverse fault to a northward-dipping thrust. The Border Ranges fault is interpreted to mark a plate boundary that developed near the close of the Mesozoic or in the early Tertiary.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"MacKevett, E., and Plafker, G., 1974, The Border Ranges Fault in south-central Alaska: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 2, no. 3, p. 323-329.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"329","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402842,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402841,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1974/vol2issue3/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Border Ranges Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.94140625,\n 59.734253447591364\n ],\n [\n -141.96533203125,\n 59.734253447591364\n ],\n [\n -141.96533203125,\n 61.91827102335593\n ],\n [\n -149.94140625,\n 61.91827102335593\n ],\n [\n -149.94140625,\n 59.734253447591364\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKevett, E. M.","contributorId":32910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKevett","given":"E. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plafker, George","contributorId":3920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70232443,"text":"70232443 - 1974 - Generalized geology and structure of the Winkelman 15-minute quadrangle and vicinity, Pinal and Gila Counties, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T15:47:46.674362","indexId":"70232443","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T10:43:14","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Generalized geology and structure of the Winkelman 15-minute quadrangle and vicinity, Pinal and Gila Counties, Arizona","docAbstract":"A. northwest-trending belt of steeply east-dipping Precambrian and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks extends across the Winkelman 15-minute quadrangle and separates areas of contrasting structures. To the southwest for 60 mi is an expanse of Precambrian basement, largely granite; to the northeast the Precambrian and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks are gently tilted and intricately faulted. The structure within the Winkelman 15-minute quadrangle is interpreted as a monocline separated into en echelon segments by strike-slip and normal faults. Other monoclines lie-to the north and northwest. Most of the tilting that formed the monoclines occurred after deposition of the early(?) Miocene San Manuel Formation. Structural features that repeat the Precambrian and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks within the area and that resemble high-angle faults are believed to have formed as low-angle thrusts, tilted to their present nearly vertical position during development of the monoclines. Structural features that are younger than the monoclines include low-angle gravity slide surfaces which are older than the high-angle normal faults that formed the basin-and-range topography on which the Pliocene sediments were deposited.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Krieger, M.H., 1974, Generalized geology and structure of the Winkelman 15-minute quadrangle and vicinity, Pinal and Gila Counties, Arizona: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 2, no. 3, p. 311-321.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"321","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402840,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":402839,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1974/vol2issue3/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Gila County, Pinal County","otherGeospatial":"Winkelman 15-minute quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111,\n 32.45\n ],\n [\n -110.45,\n 32.45\n ],\n [\n -110.45,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -111,\n 33\n ],\n [\n -111,\n 32.45\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krieger, M. H.","contributorId":78017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krieger","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70232442,"text":"70232442 - 1974 - Silicoflagellate zonation of upper Cretaceous to lower Miocene deep-sea sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-05T13:26:56.288105","indexId":"70232442","displayToPublicDate":"1974-05-01T10:31:44","publicationYear":"1974","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2446,"text":"Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Silicoflagellate zonation of upper Cretaceous to lower Miocene deep-sea sediment","docAbstract":"A stratigraphic zonation based on silicoflagellates is proposed for the division of Upper Cretaceous to lower Miocene deep-sea sediments into eight independent zones. The occurrence of silicoflagellate siliceous microfossils from Mesozoic and lower Cenozoic sediment has been poorly known in all but the middle Eocene. The most diagnostic occurrences in deep-sea sediment are here used to define a sequence of zones, which are correlated with the more widely recognizable zonation of coccoliths. The silicoflagellate zones defined include the Lyramula furcula Zone of Late Cretaceous age, the Corbisema hastata Zone of Paleocene age, the Naviculopsis constricta Zone and Dictyocha hexacantha Zone of Eocene age, the Dictyocha deflandrei Zone and Rocella gemma Zone of Oligocene age, and the Naviculopsis quadrata Zone and Distephanus octacanthus Zone of early Miocene age.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Bukry, D., and Foster, J.H., 1974, Silicoflagellate zonation of upper Cretaceous to lower Miocene deep-sea sediment: Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey, v. 2, no. 3, p. 303-310.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"310","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":402837,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/journal/1974/vol2issue3/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":402838,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bukry, David 0000-0003-4540-890X dbukry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-890X","contributorId":3550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","email":"dbukry@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":845554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, J. H.","contributorId":52786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":845555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}